技术领域Technical Field
本申请属于抬头显示技术领域，具体涉及一种抬头显示模组及车辆。The present application belongs to the technical field of head-up display, and specifically relates to a head-up display module and a vehicle.
背景技术Background Art
抬头显示技术(Head-Up Display,HUD)是一种将行驶信息、导航信息等内容投影到显示屏或挡风玻璃上的技术。这样，HUD可以将行驶信息、导航信息等内容与现实交通场景下的路况融合，在现实世界、信息世界和用户之间搭起一个交互反馈的信息回路，从而提升用户对行车信息的感知。Head-Up Display (HUD) is a technology that projects driving information, navigation information and other content onto a display screen or windshield. In this way, HUD can integrate driving information, navigation information and other content with road conditions in real traffic scenarios, and build an interactive feedback information loop between the real world, the information world and the user, thereby enhancing the user's perception of driving information.
在一种实现方式中，可以基于增强现实显示技术实现HUD，增强现实显示技术可以使用户同时观看到现实世界中真实环境以及叠加在真实环境中的图像或者数据等信息。增强现实显示技术主要包括共轴侧视棱镜方案、阵列式半透膜波导方案、自由曲面方案、衍射波导方案等,不同方案所具备的显示性能不同。In one implementation, HUD can be implemented based on augmented reality display technology, which allows users to simultaneously view the real environment in the real world and information such as images or data superimposed on the real environment. Augmented reality display technology mainly includes coaxial side-view prism solutions, arrayed semi-transparent film waveguide solutions, free-form surface solutions, diffraction waveguide solutions, etc. Different solutions have different display performances.
其中，衍射波导方案由于具有体积小、轻薄等优势而被广泛应用。但是，为了使衍射波导方案支持足够大的视场角，需要数倍增加衍射波导表面积，然而，受衍射波导制造工艺的限制，大尺寸的衍射波导的制造难度巨大。Among them, the diffraction waveguide solution is widely used due to its advantages of small size and thinness. However, in order to make the diffraction waveguide solution support a sufficiently large field of view, the surface area of the diffraction waveguide needs to be increased several times. However, due to the limitations of the diffraction waveguide manufacturing process, the manufacturing of large-sized diffraction waveguides is extremely difficult.
因此，如何提供一种能够支持大视场角且制造难度小的衍射波导方案是目前亟需解决的问题。Therefore, how to provide a diffraction waveguide solution that can support a large field of view and has low manufacturing difficulty is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请提供一种抬头显示模组及车辆，该方案能够支持大视场角且制造难度小。The present application provides a head-up display module and a vehicle, which can support a large field of view and has low manufacturing difficulty.
第一方面，本申请提供一种抬头显示模组，包括：第一波导模组、第二波导模组和反射层；所述第一波导模组与所述第二波导模组平行交错设置；经所述第一波导模组耦出的第一光线，形成第一光线区域；经所述第二波导模组耦出的第二光线，形成第二光线区域，其中，所述第一光线与所述第二光线的方向相同，所述第一光线区域与所述第二光线区域无缝隙拼接或部分重叠；所述反射层位于与所述第一光线以及所述第二光线相反方向的预设位置，所述反射层用于将射向所述反射层的光线反射至所述第一光线区域和所述第二光线区域。In a first aspect, the present application provides a head-up display module, comprising: a first waveguide module, a second waveguide module and a reflective layer; the first waveguide module and the second waveguide module are arranged in parallel and staggered; the first light coupled out through the first waveguide module forms a first light area; the second light coupled out through the second waveguide module forms a second light area, wherein the first light and the second light have the same direction, and the first light area and the second light area are seamlessly spliced or partially overlapped; the reflective layer is located at a preset position in the opposite direction of the first light and the second light, and the reflective layer is used to reflect the light directed toward the reflective layer to the first light area and the second light area.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第一波导模组包括第一光机模块和第一衍射波导模块；所述第二波导模组包括第二光机模块和第二衍射波导模块；所述第一光机模块与第一衍射波导模块垂直设置，所述第一光机模块，用于出射第一图像光；所述第二光机模块与第二衍射波导模块垂直设置，所述第二光机模块，用于出射第二图像光；所述第一图像光对应的图像与所述第二图像光对应的图像相同。In one implementable manner, the first waveguide module includes a first optomechanical module and a first diffraction waveguide module; the second waveguide module includes a second optomechanical module and a second diffraction waveguide module; the first optomechanical module is vertically arranged to the first diffraction waveguide module, and the first optomechanical module is used to emit a first image light; the second optomechanical module is vertically arranged to the second diffraction waveguide module, and the second optomechanical module is used to emit a second image light; the image corresponding to the first image light is the same as the image corresponding to the second image light.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第一衍射波导模块包括第一平板波导、第一耦入区域和第一耦出区域；其中，所述第一光机模块、所述第一耦入区域和所述第一耦出区域位于所述第一平板波导的同侧；所述第二衍射波导模块包括第二平板波导、第二耦入区域和第二耦出区域；其中，所述第二光机模块、所述第二耦入区域和所述第二耦出区域位于所述第二平板波导的同侧。In one implementable manner, the first diffractive waveguide module includes a first slab waveguide, a first coupling-in region and a first coupling-out region; wherein the first optomechanical module, the first coupling-in region and the first coupling-out region are located on the same side of the first slab waveguide; the second diffractive waveguide module includes a second slab waveguide, a second coupling-in region and a second coupling-out region; wherein the second optomechanical module, the second coupling-in region and the second coupling-out region are located on the same side of the second slab waveguide.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第一光机模块包括第一照明单元和第一投影单元，所述第一投影单元位于所述第一耦出区域与所述第一照明单元之间，所述第一投影单元的投影口与所述第一耦出区域相对设置。In an implementable manner, the first optomechanical module includes a first lighting unit and a first projection unit, the first projection unit is located between the first outcoupling area and the first lighting unit, and a projection port of the first projection unit is arranged opposite to the first outcoupling area.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第二光机模块包括第二照明单元和第二投影单元，所述第二投影单元位于所述第二耦出区域与所述第二照明单元之间，所述第二投影单元的投影口与所述第二耦出区域相对设置。In one achievable manner, the second optomechanical module includes a second lighting unit and a second projection unit, the second projection unit is located between the second outcoupling area and the second lighting unit, and a projection port of the second projection unit is arranged opposite to the second outcoupling area.
在一种可实现方式中，所述反射层的投影区域覆盖所述第一耦出区域以及所述第二耦出区域。In an implementable manner, a projection area of the reflective layer covers the first outcoupling area and the second outcoupling area.
在一种可实现方式中，所述反射层为金属反射层。In one possible implementation, the reflective layer is a metal reflective layer.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第一平板波导和所述第二平板波导的透光率为70％。In an implementable manner, the light transmittance of the first slab waveguide and the second slab waveguide is 70%.
在一种可实现方式中，所述第一耦入区域、所述第一耦出区域、所述第二耦入区域和所述第二耦出区域采用浮雕光栅、体全息光栅、液晶光栅中的一种或多种。In an implementable manner, the first coupling-in region, the first coupling-out region, the second coupling-in region and the second coupling-out region adopt one or more of a relief grating, a volume holographic grating and a liquid crystal grating.
第二方面，本申请还提供一种车辆，包括第一方面任一项所述的抬头显示模组。In a second aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle, comprising the head-up display module described in any one of the first aspects.
本申请提供的一种抬头显示模组及车辆，可以通过组合使用两个尺寸较小的波导模组，能够延续衍射波导方案具有体积小、轻薄的特点，还能够支持大视场角的显示性能以及能够降低制造难度。A head-up display module and vehicle provided in the present application can continue the small size and light weight characteristics of the diffraction waveguide solution by combining two smaller waveguide modules, and can also support display performance with a large field of view and reduce manufacturing difficulty.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组的光路图；FIG2 is a light path diagram of a head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组应用于车辆的场景图；FIG3 is a scene diagram of a head-up display module applied to a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图4为传统的抬头显示模组对应的眼盒范围的示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the eye box range corresponding to a conventional head-up display module;
图5为本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组对应的眼盒范围的示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an eye box range corresponding to a head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图6为单个波导模组支持的FOV的示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the FOV supported by a single waveguide module;
图7为本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组支持的FOV的示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the FOV supported by the head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图8为第一耦出区域103与第二耦出区域203分离情况的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the separation of the first outcoupling region 103 and the second outcoupling region 203 .
附图标记说明Description of Reference Numerals
10-第一波导模组，20-第二波导模组，30-反射层，40-挡风玻璃，50-人眼，60-虚像；10-first waveguide module, 20-second waveguide module, 30-reflection layer, 40-windshield, 50-human eye, 60-virtual image;
101-第一平板波导，102-第一耦入区域，103-第一耦出区域，104-第一照明单元，105-第一投影单元；101 - first slab waveguide, 102 - first coupling-in region, 103 - first coupling-out region, 104 - first illumination unit, 105 - first projection unit;
201-第二平板波导，202-第二耦入区域，203-第二耦出区域，204-第二照明单元，205-第二投影单元。201 - a second slab waveguide, 202 - a second coupling-in region, 203 - a second coupling-out region, 204 - a second illumination unit, 205 - a second projection unit.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
需要说明的是，本申请可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或字母。这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施例和/或设置之间的关系。It should be noted that the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or settings discussed.
还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含。It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
抬头显示技术(Head-Up Display,HUD)是一种将行驶信息、导航信息等内容投影到显示屏或挡风玻璃上的技术。这样，HUD可以将行驶信息、导航信息等内容与现实交通场景下的路况融合，在现实世界、信息世界和用户之间搭起一个交互反馈的信息回路，从而提升用户对行车信息的感知。Head-Up Display (HUD) is a technology that projects driving information, navigation information and other content onto a display screen or windshield. In this way, HUD can integrate driving information, navigation information and other content with road conditions in real traffic scenarios, and build an interactive feedback information loop between the real world, the information world and the user, thereby enhancing the user's perception of driving information.
在一种实现方式中，可以基于增强现实显示技术实现HUD，增强现实显示技术可以使用户在观看现实世界中真实环境的同时，叠加在真实环境中的图像或者数据等信息也可被观看到。也就是说，增强现实显示技术提供了可以与真实环境无障碍的实时实地交互的功能，给用户带来了全新的视觉体验。In one implementation, HUD can be implemented based on augmented reality display technology, which allows users to view images or data superimposed on the real environment while viewing the real environment in the real world. In other words, augmented reality display technology provides a function of real-time interaction with the real environment without obstacles, bringing a new visual experience to users.
目前，增强现实显示技术主要包括共轴侧视棱镜方案、阵列式半透膜波导方案、自由曲面方案、衍射波导方案等,不同方案所具备的显示性能不同。At present, augmented reality display technologies mainly include coaxial side-view prism solutions, arrayed semi-transparent membrane waveguide solutions, free-form surface solutions, diffraction waveguide solutions, etc. Different solutions have different display performances.
例如，衍射波导方案主要基于衍射波导以及具有衍射功能的光栅，将行驶信息、导航信息等内容投影到显示屏或挡风玻璃上。衍射波导方案具有体积小、轻薄等优势，但是，为了使衍射波导方案支持足够大的视场角，需要数倍增加衍射波导的表面积，然而，受衍射波导制造工艺的限制，大尺寸的衍射波导的制造难度及其巨大。For example, the diffraction waveguide solution is mainly based on diffraction waveguides and gratings with diffraction functions to project driving information, navigation information, etc. onto a display screen or windshield. The diffraction waveguide solution has the advantages of small size and thinness. However, in order to support a sufficiently large field of view, the surface area of the diffraction waveguide needs to be increased several times. However, due to the limitations of the diffraction waveguide manufacturing process, the manufacturing difficulty of a large-sized diffraction waveguide is extremely huge.
本申请实施例提供一种抬头显示模组，该抬头显示模组能够延续衍射波导方案具有体积小、轻薄的特点，还能够支持大视场角的显示性能以及能够降低制造难度。The embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display module, which can continue the diffraction waveguide solution with the characteristics of small size and lightness, and can also support display performance with a large field of view angle and reduce manufacturing difficulty.
下面结合附图对应本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组进行详细说明。A head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组的结构示意图，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种抬头显示模组的光路图。FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG2 is a light path diagram of a head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，包括第一波导模组10、第二波导模组20和反射层30。其中，第一波导模组10与第二波导模组20平行交错设置，经第一波导模组10耦出的第一光线，形成第一光线区域A；经第二波导模组20耦出的第二光线，形成第二光线区域B，其中，第一光线与第二光线的方向相同，第一光线区域A与第二光线区域B无缝隙拼接或部分重叠；反射层30位于与第一光线以及第二光线相反方向的预设位置，反射层30用于将射向反射层30的光线反射至第一光线区域A和第二光线区域B。As shown in FIG1 and FIG2, the head-up display module provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first waveguide module 10, a second waveguide module 20 and a reflective layer 30. The first waveguide module 10 and the second waveguide module 20 are arranged in parallel and staggered, and the first light coupled out by the first waveguide module 10 forms a first light region A; the second light coupled out by the second waveguide module 20 forms a second light region B, wherein the first light and the second light have the same direction, and the first light region A and the second light region B are seamlessly spliced or partially overlapped; the reflective layer 30 is located at a preset position in the opposite direction of the first light and the second light, and the reflective layer 30 is used to reflect the light incident on the reflective layer 30 to the first light region A and the second light region B.
这样，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，可以通过组合使用两个尺寸较小的波导模组，实现大视场角，这样便不需要大尺寸的波导模组，从而降低了抬头显示模组的制造难度。In this way, the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve a large field of view by combining two smaller waveguide modules, so that a large-sized waveguide module is not required, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the head-up display module.
下面对第一波导模组10和第二波导模组20进行详细说明。The first waveguide module 10 and the second waveguide module 20 are described in detail below.
在一种可实现的方式中，第一波导模组10可以包括第一光机模块和第一衍射波导模块，第二波导模组20可以包括第二光机模块和第二衍射波导模块。所述第一光机模块与第一衍射波导模块垂直设置，所述第一光机模块，用于出射第一图像光；所述第二光机模块与第二衍射波导模块垂直设置，所述第二光机模块，用于出射第二图像光；所述第一图像光对应的图像与所述第二图像光对应的图像相同。In an achievable manner, the first waveguide module 10 may include a first optomechanical module and a first diffractive waveguide module, and the second waveguide module 20 may include a second optomechanical module and a second diffractive waveguide module. The first optomechanical module is vertically arranged with the first diffractive waveguide module, and the first optomechanical module is used to emit a first image light; the second optomechanical module is vertically arranged with the second diffractive waveguide module, and the second optomechanical module is used to emit a second image light; the image corresponding to the first image light is the same as the image corresponding to the second image light.
这样，由于所述第一光机模块与第一衍射波导模块垂直设置，所述第二光机模块与第二衍射波导模块垂直设置，使第一衍射波导模块耦出的第一光线与第二衍射波导模块耦出的第二光线平行。又由于第一图像光与第二图像光相同，这样可以保证得到完整的虚像。In this way, since the first optomechanical module is arranged perpendicularly to the first diffraction waveguide module, and the second optomechanical module is arranged perpendicularly to the second diffraction waveguide module, the first light coupled out of the first diffraction waveguide module and the second light coupled out of the second diffraction waveguide module are parallel. And since the first image light is the same as the second image light, a complete virtual image can be obtained.
示例性的，如图3所示，第一衍射波导模块耦出的第一光线与第二衍射波导模块耦出的第二光线投射到挡风玻璃40上，经挡风玻璃40反射后进入人眼50。这样，人眼50可以查看到形成于挡风玻璃40的前方的虚像60。3 , the first light coupled out of the first diffractive waveguide module and the second light coupled out of the second diffractive waveguide module are projected onto the windshield 40, and enter the human eye 50 after being reflected by the windshield 40. In this way, the human eye 50 can view the virtual image 60 formed in front of the windshield 40.
在一种可实现的方式中，如图1所示，第一衍射波导模块可以包括第一平板波导101、第一耦入区域102和第一耦出区域103。第二衍射波导模块包括第二平板波导201、第二耦入区域202和第二耦出区域203。第一光机模块可以包括第一照明单元104和第一投影单元105；第二光机模块可以包括第二照明单元204和第二投影单元205。其中，第一照明单元104可以用于提供第一图像光，第二照明单元204可以用于提供第二图像光。In an achievable manner, as shown in FIG1 , the first diffractive waveguide module may include a first slab waveguide 101, a first coupling-in region 102, and a first coupling-out region 103. The second diffractive waveguide module includes a second slab waveguide 201, a second coupling-in region 202, and a second coupling-out region 203. The first optomechanical module may include a first lighting unit 104 and a first projection unit 105; the second optomechanical module may include a second lighting unit 204 and a second projection unit 205. The first lighting unit 104 may be used to provide a first image light, and the second lighting unit 204 may be used to provide a second image light.
这样，如图2所示，第一光机模组出射的第一图像光，经过第一衍射波导模块的第一耦入区域102耦入第一平板波导101，第一平板波导101全反射传导第一图像光至第一耦出区域103。其中，第一图像光经过第一平板波导101传导，可以得到三部分光线。第一部分光线为经第一耦出区域103衍射，形成的向第一方向传输的光线M1；第二部分光线为经第一耦出区域103衍射，形成的向第二方向传输的光线M2，其中，第一方向与第二方向为相反的两个方向；第三部分光线为沿第一平板波导101传导方向继续传导的光线M3。In this way, as shown in FIG2 , the first image light emitted by the first optical machine module is coupled into the first slab waveguide 101 through the first coupling-in region 102 of the first diffraction waveguide module, and the first slab waveguide 101 transmits the first image light to the first coupling-out region 103 by total reflection. Among them, the first image light is transmitted through the first slab waveguide 101 to obtain three parts of light. The first part of the light is the light M1 transmitted in the first direction formed by diffraction through the first coupling-out region 103; the second part of the light is the light M2 transmitted in the second direction formed by diffraction through the first coupling-out region 103, wherein the first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions; the third part of the light is the light M3 that continues to be transmitted along the transmission direction of the first slab waveguide 101.
类似的，第二光机模组出射的第二图像光，经过第二衍射波导模块的第一耦入区域202耦入第二平板波导201，第二平板波导201全反射传导第二图像光至第二耦出区域203。其中，第二图像光经过第二平板波导201传导，可以得到三部分光线。第一部分光线为经第二耦出区域203衍射，形成的向第一方向传输的光线N1；第二部分光线为经第二耦出区域203衍射，形成的向第二方向传输的光线N2，其中，第一方向与第二方向为相反的两个方向；第三部分光线为沿第二平板波导201传导方向继续传导的光线N3。Similarly, the second image light emitted by the second optical machine module is coupled into the second slab waveguide 201 through the first coupling-in region 202 of the second diffraction waveguide module, and the second slab waveguide 201 transmits the second image light to the second coupling-out region 203 by total reflection. The second image light is transmitted through the second slab waveguide 201 to obtain three parts of light. The first part of the light is the light N1 transmitted in the first direction formed by diffraction through the second coupling-out region 203; the second part of the light is the light N2 transmitted in the second direction formed by diffraction through the second coupling-out region 203, wherein the first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions; the third part of the light is the light N3 that continues to be transmitted along the transmission direction of the second slab waveguide 201.
需要说明的是，上述形成的第一方向的光线(M1和N1)或第二方向的光线(M2和N2)可以为最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线方向。也就是说，如果第一方向的光线(M1和N1)为最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线方向，则第二方向的光线(M2和N2)就会浪费掉。同样的，如果第二方向的光线(M2和N2)为最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线方向，则第一方向的光线(M1和N1)就会浪费掉。It should be noted that the light in the first direction (M1 and N1) or the light in the second direction (M2 and N2) formed above may be the direction of the light that is ultimately intended to be emitted toward the windshield. That is, if the light in the first direction (M1 and N1) is the direction of the light that is ultimately intended to be emitted toward the windshield, the light in the second direction (M2 and N2) will be wasted. Similarly, if the light in the second direction (M2 and N2) is the direction of the light that is ultimately intended to be emitted toward the windshield, the light in the first direction (M1 and N1) will be wasted.
因此，为了增加光线综合利用率，本申请实施例中通过反射层30将与最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线方向相反的光线，反射为与最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线方向相同的光线。Therefore, in order to increase the comprehensive utilization rate of light, in the embodiment of the present application, the reflective layer 30 is used to reflect the light in the opposite direction to the light that is ultimately intended to be emitted to the windshield into the light in the same direction as the light that is ultimately intended to be emitted to the windshield.
示例性的，以第一方向为最终要射向挡风玻璃的光线的方向为例，这样可以利用反射层30将第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203形成的第二方向的光线(M2和N2)分别反射为第一方向的光线M4和N4。这样，耦出区域衍射形成的第一方向的光线(M1和N1)与反射层30反射形成的第一方向的光线(M4和N4)均可以射向挡风玻璃40，这样，不仅可以增加光线综合利用率，还可以提高虚像60的亮度。For example, taking the first direction as the direction of the light that is ultimately to be emitted toward the windshield as an example, the light (M2 and N2) in the second direction formed by the first outcoupling region 103 and the second outcoupling region 203 can be respectively reflected into light M4 and N4 in the first direction by the reflective layer 30. In this way, the light (M1 and N1) in the first direction formed by diffraction in the outcoupling region and the light (M4 and N4) in the first direction formed by reflection from the reflective layer 30 can both be emitted toward the windshield 40, thus not only increasing the comprehensive utilization rate of light, but also improving the brightness of the virtual image 60.
在一具体例子中，反射层30、第一衍射波导模块10与第二衍射波导模块20的沿第一方向依次设置。其中，反射层30的投影区域覆盖第一耦出区域103以及第二耦出区域203，这样，反射层30能够兼顾第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203形成的第二方向的光线，进而能够将第二方向的光线(M2和N2)分别反射为第一方向的光线M4和N4。In a specific example, the reflective layer 30, the first diffractive waveguide module 10 and the second diffractive waveguide module 20 are sequentially arranged along the first direction. The projection area of the reflective layer 30 covers the first outcoupling area 103 and the second outcoupling area 203, so that the reflective layer 30 can take into account the light in the second direction formed by the first outcoupling area 103 and the second outcoupling area 203, and can further reflect the light in the second direction (M2 and N2) into the light M4 and N4 in the first direction respectively.
本申请实施例对耦入区域和耦出区域的设计位置不进行限定。The embodiments of the present application do not limit the design positions of the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region.
在一种可实现的方式中，如图1所示，第一耦入区域102和第一耦出区域103位于第一平板波导101的同侧，第二耦入区域202和第二耦出区域203位于第二平板波导201的同侧。对应的，第一光机模块与第一耦入区域102位于同一侧、且第一光机模块中第一投影单元105的投影口与第一耦出区域103相对设置，使第一光机模块射出的第一图像光射入第一耦入区域102。第二光机模块与第人耦入区域202位于同一侧、且第二光机模块中第二投影单元205的投影口与第二耦出区域203相对设置，使第二光机模块射出的第二图像光射入第二耦入区域202。In one achievable manner, as shown in FIG1 , the first coupling-in region 102 and the first coupling-out region 103 are located on the same side of the first slab waveguide 101, and the second coupling-in region 202 and the second coupling-out region 203 are located on the same side of the second slab waveguide 201. Correspondingly, the first optomechanical module is located on the same side as the first coupling-in region 102, and the projection port of the first projection unit 105 in the first optomechanical module is arranged opposite to the first coupling-out region 103, so that the first image light emitted by the first optomechanical module is incident on the first coupling-in region 102. The second optomechanical module is located on the same side as the second coupling-in region 202, and the projection port of the second projection unit 205 in the second optomechanical module is arranged opposite to the second coupling-out region 203, so that the second image light emitted by the second optomechanical module is incident on the second coupling-in region 202.
这样，如图1所示，第一耦入区域102、第一耦出区域103、第一光机模块、第二耦入区域202、第二耦出区域203和第二光机模块均位于同一侧。其中，第一光机模块和第二光机模块分布在整个抬头显示模组的最外端两侧。第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203在空间上平行交错，例如，第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203在空间上的投影不存在间隙、刚好拼接在一起，或者，第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203在空间上的投影部分重叠。这样，可以保证第一光线区域A与第二光线区域B无缝隙拼接或部分重叠。In this way, as shown in FIG1 , the first coupling-in region 102, the first coupling-out region 103, the first optomechanical module, the second coupling-in region 202, the second coupling-out region 203 and the second optomechanical module are all located on the same side. Among them, the first optomechanical module and the second optomechanical module are distributed on both sides of the outermost end of the entire head-up display module. The first coupling-out region 103 and the second coupling-out region 203 are parallel and staggered in space. For example, there is no gap between the projections of the first coupling-out region 103 and the second coupling-out region 203 in space, and they are just spliced together, or the projections of the first coupling-out region 103 and the second coupling-out region 203 in space partially overlap. In this way, it can be ensured that the first light region A and the second light region B are seamlessly spliced or partially overlapped.
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对第一耦入区域102、第一耦出区域103、第二耦入区域202、第二耦出区域203采用具备光线衍射功能、能够针对特定的光线进行弯折传导的光学结构，但是，本申请实施例对第一耦入区域102、第一耦出区域103、第二耦入区域202、第二耦出区域203所采用的具体的光学结构不进行限定。例如，第一耦入区域102、第一耦出区域103、第二耦入区域202、第二耦出区域203可以采用浮雕光栅、体全息光栅、液晶光栅等中的一种或多种。It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application adopts an optical structure with a light diffraction function and capable of bending and transmitting specific light for the first coupling-in region 102, the first coupling-out region 103, the second coupling-in region 202, and the second coupling-out region 203. However, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific optical structure adopted by the first coupling-in region 102, the first coupling-out region 103, the second coupling-in region 202, and the second coupling-out region 203. For example, the first coupling-in region 102, the first coupling-out region 103, the second coupling-in region 202, and the second coupling-out region 203 may adopt one or more of a relief grating, a volume holographic grating, a liquid crystal grating, and the like.
还需要说明的是，本申请实施例中第一平板波导101和第二平板波导201用于传导图像光，本申请对第一平板波导101和第二平板波导201所采用的材质不进行限定。例如，第一平板波导101和第二平板波导201可以采用透光率为70％的材料。例如，第一平板波导101和第二平板波导201可以采用树脂、玻璃等材料。It should also be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first slab waveguide 101 and the second slab waveguide 201 are used to transmit image light, and the present application does not limit the materials used by the first slab waveguide 101 and the second slab waveguide 201. For example, the first slab waveguide 101 and the second slab waveguide 201 can be made of a material with a light transmittance of 70%. For example, the first slab waveguide 101 and the second slab waveguide 201 can be made of materials such as resin and glass.
还需要说明的是，本申请实施例对反射层30的结构和材料不进行限定。例如，反射层可以采用具备反射属性的金属层，也可以是其他具备反射属性的结构层。It should also be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure and material of the reflective layer 30. For example, the reflective layer may be a metal layer with reflective properties, or may be other structural layers with reflective properties.
下面对本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组能够实现大眼盒、大视场角的技术效果进行详细说明。The following is a detailed description of the technical effects of the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application, which can achieve a large eye box and a large field of view.
首先对本申请实施例中的技术术语眼盒范围和视场角进行简单介绍。First, the technical terms eye box range and field of view angle in the embodiments of the present application are briefly introduced.
1.眼盒范围：人眼、HUD、道路三点一线有一个极其不稳定的因素，就是眼睛的位置。驾驶员的高矮、坐姿、头部位置等都会影响眼睛的位置和视线的方向,导致每个人的行车视角都不一致。眼盒范围是指在距离波导一定距离处，仍然能够接收所有入射角度光的区域。也就是说，眼盒范围是指眼睛可移动的区域，不同的眼盒位置会影响图像对齐，例如，如果眼睛位于某块区域内则能够看清整个图像，反之出了该块区域，则无法看全整个图像。1. Eye box range: There is an extremely unstable factor in the straight line between human eyes, HUD and road, which is the position of the eyes. The height, sitting posture, head position, etc. of the driver will affect the position of the eyes and the direction of the line of sight, resulting in different driving perspectives for everyone. The eye box range refers to the area that can still receive light from all incident angles at a certain distance from the waveguide. In other words, the eye box range refers to the area where the eyes can move, and different eye box positions will affect the image alignment. For example, if the eyes are located in a certain area, the entire image can be seen clearly, otherwise, the entire image cannot be seen outside the area.
2.视场角：也称为视野范围，本申请实施例中视场角是指抬头显示模组的显示边缘与人眼连线的夹角。例如，视场角为-10°至10°。视场角可以用FOV表示。2. Field of view: Also known as the field of view range, the field of view in the embodiment of the present application refers to the angle between the display edge of the head-up display module and the line connecting the human eyes. For example, the field of view angle is -10° to 10°. The field of view angle can be represented by FOV.
下面对本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组能够实现大眼盒的技术效果进行详细说明。The following is a detailed description of the technical effect of the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application to achieve the large eye box.
图4示出了传统的抬头显示模组对应的眼盒范围，图5示出了本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组对应的眼盒范围。其中，图4和图5示出的是抬头显示模组在FOV相同的情况下，支持的眼盒范围。例如，图4和图5所示出的抬头显示模组的FOV都是从-10°至10°。FIG4 shows the eye box range corresponding to the conventional head-up display module, and FIG5 shows the eye box range corresponding to the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, FIG4 and FIG5 show the eye box range supported by the head-up display module when the FOV is the same. For example, the FOV of the head-up display module shown in FIG4 and FIG5 is from -10° to 10°.
如图4所示，传统的抬头显示模组可能只包括一个波导模组。即图4中实线示出的一个波导模组，例如该波导模组为第一波导模组10。As shown in FIG. 4 , a conventional head-up display module may include only one waveguide module, that is, one waveguide module shown by a solid line in FIG. 4 , for example, the waveguide module is a first waveguide module 10 .
对于传统的、单个波导模组，眼盒范围是如图4示出的眼盒范围1，也就是说，只有在眼盒范围1内才能同时看得见-10度到10的光线。For a traditional, single waveguide module, the eye box range is eye box range 1 as shown in FIG. 4 , that is, only within eye box range 1 can light from -10 degrees to 10 degrees be seen simultaneously.
如图5所示，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，由于组合使用两个波导模组，因此，对应的眼盒范围包括三部分，即眼盒范围1、眼盒范围2和眼盒范围3。也就是说，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组对应的眼盒范围为眼盒范围1、眼盒范围2和眼盒范围3这三者之和。也就是说，在眼盒范围1+眼盒范围2+眼盒范围3的范围内，能同时看得见-10度到10的光线。As shown in FIG5 , the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application uses two waveguide modules in combination, so the corresponding eye box range includes three parts, namely, eye box range 1, eye box range 2, and eye box range 3. That is to say, the eye box range corresponding to the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application is the sum of eye box range 1, eye box range 2, and eye box range 3. That is to say, within the range of eye box range 1 + eye box range 2 + eye box range 3, light from -10 degrees to 10 degrees can be seen at the same time.
结合图4和图5可知，在FOV固定的情况下，使用本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，可以增大眼盒范围。具体的，相比于图4实现的眼盒范围1，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组增大的眼盒范围为眼盒范围2+眼盒范围3。这样，使用本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，能够得到更广阔的观看区域。Combining FIG4 and FIG5, it can be seen that, when the FOV is fixed, the eye box range can be increased by using the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, compared with the eye box range 1 implemented in FIG4, the eye box range increased by the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application is eye box range 2 + eye box range 3. In this way, using the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application, a wider viewing area can be obtained.
下面对本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组具备大视场角的技术效果进行详细说明。The technical effect of the head-up display module with a large field of view provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below.
图6示出了单个波导模组支持的FOV的示意图。图7示出了本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组支持的FOV的示意图。其中，图6和图7示出的是抬头显示模组在眼盒范围相同的情况下，支持的FOV。例如，图6和图7所示出的抬头显示模组的眼盒范围都是图4中的眼盒范围1。FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the FOV supported by a single waveguide module. FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the FOV supported by the head-up display module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, FIG6 and FIG7 show the FOV supported by the head-up display module when the eye box range is the same. For example, the eye box ranges of the head-up display modules shown in FIG6 and FIG7 are both the eye box range 1 in FIG4.
如图6所示，对于传统的、单个波导模组，由于第一波导模组10对应的第一耦出区域103的面积限制，再结合固定的观看距离，实际上仅能够支持较小的视场角FOV1，例如，视场角FOV1为-10°至10°。As shown in FIG6 , for a traditional single waveguide module, due to the area limitation of the first outcoupling region 103 corresponding to the first waveguide module 10 and the fixed viewing distance, it can actually only support a smaller field of view FOV1, for example, the field of view FOV1 is -10° to 10°.
如图7所示，对于本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，在眼盒范围1保持不变的情况下，对应的视场角FOV2的范围明显增大，例如，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组能够支持的视场角FOV2为-20°至20°。这样，可以进一步扩大用户的视野范围，提高用户体验。As shown in FIG7 , for the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the eye box range 1 remains unchanged, the corresponding field of view angle FOV2 range is significantly increased. For example, the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can support a field of view angle FOV2 of -20° to 20°. In this way, the user's field of view can be further expanded and the user experience can be improved.
综上，本申请实施例提供的抬头显示模组，通过组合使用两个波导模组，能够实现大眼盒和大视场角的技术效果。In summary, the head-up display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the technical effects of a large eye box and a large field of view by combining two waveguide modules.
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中要求第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203在空间上的投影不存在间隙、刚好能够拼接在一起，或者，第一耦出区域103和第二耦出区域203在空间上的投影部分重叠的原因在于：避免部分角度的光线无法传导至规定的眼盒范围内。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, it is required that there is no gap between the spatial projections of the first outcoupling area 103 and the second outcoupling area 203 and they can be just spliced together, or that the spatial projections of the first outcoupling area 103 and the second outcoupling area 203 partially overlap in order to prevent light at some angles from being transmitted to the specified eye box range.
图8示出了一种第一耦出区域103与第二耦出区域203分离的情况。假设规定的眼盒范围为眼盒范围1。如图8所示，在第一波导模组10的第一耦出区域103与第二波导模组20的第二耦出区域203在空间投影上存在间隔的情况下，第一耦出区域103对应形成的第一光线区域A与第二耦出区域203对应形成的第二光线区域B之间存在间隔K。此时，会存在部分角度的光线无法传导至规定的眼盒(眼盒范围1)，因而，本申请实施例要求第一耦出区域103与第二耦出区域203在空间的投影应无缝隙。FIG8 shows a situation where the first decoupling region 103 is separated from the second decoupling region 203. Assume that the specified eye box range is eye box range 1. As shown in FIG8, when there is a gap between the first decoupling region 103 of the first waveguide module 10 and the second decoupling region 203 of the second waveguide module 20 in spatial projection, there is a gap K between the first light region A formed corresponding to the first decoupling region 103 and the second light region B formed corresponding to the second decoupling region 203. At this time, there will be some angles of light that cannot be transmitted to the specified eye box (eye box range 1), and therefore, the embodiment of the present application requires that the projection of the first decoupling region 103 and the second decoupling region 203 in space should be seamless.
本申请实施例还提供一种车辆，该车辆中可以包括上述实施例中的抬头显示模组。这样，如图3所示，抬头显示模组射出的光线投射到挡风玻璃40上，经挡风玻璃40反射后进入人眼50，人眼50可以查看到形成于挡风玻璃40的前方的虚像60。The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which may include the head-up display module in the above embodiment. Thus, as shown in FIG3 , the light emitted by the head-up display module is projected onto the windshield 40 , and enters the human eye 50 after being reflected by the windshield 40 , and the human eye 50 can view the virtual image 60 formed in front of the windshield 40 .
其中，车辆中使用的抬头显示模组可以参见上述实施例中关于抬头显示模组的描述，此处不再赘述。Among them, the head-up display module used in the vehicle can refer to the description of the head-up display module in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对抬头显示模组在车辆中的设置位置不进行限定，例如，可以根据车辆内的空间情况而设定。It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the location of the head-up display module in the vehicle. For example, it can be set according to the space conditions in the vehicle.
本说明书中各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，尤其是车辆对应的实施例部分可以抬头显示模组部分。The same and similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification can be referenced to each other, especially the embodiment parts corresponding to the vehicle can refer to the head-up display module part.
以上结合具体实施方式和范例性实例对本申请进行了详细说明，不过这些说明并不能理解为对本申请的限制。本领域技术人员理解，在不偏离本申请精神和范围的情况下，可以对本申请技术方案及其实施方式进行多种等价替换、修饰或改进，这些均落入本申请的范围内。本申请的保护范围以所附权利要求为准。The present application is described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementation methods and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, a variety of equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solution of the present application and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310346830.9ACN118778253A (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | Head-up display module and vehicle |
| PCT/CN2024/073391WO2024207871A1 (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2024-01-22 | Head-up display module and vehicle |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310346830.9ACN118778253A (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | Head-up display module and vehicle |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118778253Atrue CN118778253A (en) | 2024-10-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310346830.9APendingCN118778253A (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | Head-up display module and vehicle |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118778253A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024207871A1 (en) |
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| WO2024207871A1 (en) | 2024-10-10 |
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