技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及外科器械领域，特别涉及一种夹持、切割和吻合外科器械。The present invention relates to the field of surgical instruments, and in particular to a clamping, cutting and anastomosis surgical instrument.
背景技术Background Art
线性夹持、切割和吻合的外科器械可以在手术操作中对组织进行夹持、缝合/吻合、切割操作。目前，这类外科器械可分为手动操作与自动操作两大类。手动腔镜吻合器传动的快慢受手动影响比较大,特别是每个人的握力大小差异较大,当切割刀切割组织时的速度时快时慢,很容易造成被切割的组织面不齐；同时，推钉器的速度时快时慢,造成钉型不良等问题,很容易影响手术的最终效果。电动腔镜吻合器通过机电的结合,能很好的控制器械工作时的稳定性,控制精度高、成型良好，可以达到更好的临床效果使用得到广泛的推广。Linear clamping, cutting and stapling surgical instruments can clamp, suture/suturing, and cut tissues during surgery. At present, this type of surgical instrument can be divided into two categories: manual operation and automatic operation. The speed of the manual laparoscopic stapler is greatly affected by manual operation, especially the grip strength of each person varies greatly. When the speed of the cutting knife cutting the tissue is sometimes fast and sometimes slow, it is easy to cause the surface of the cut tissue to be uneven; at the same time, the speed of the nail pusher is sometimes fast and sometimes slow, causing problems such as poor nail shape, which can easily affect the final effect of the operation. The electric laparoscopic stapler can well control the stability of the instrument during operation through the combination of electromechanical, with high control accuracy and good molding, which can achieve better clinical effects and is widely used.
随着医疗器械技术的发展，电动外科吻合器械在向着精准控制、数据反馈、力反馈、平台化、数字化等智能方向发展，导致器械的成本成倍的增长。为了降低器械使用成本，对电动外科吻合器械中的高价值部分，需要重复使用。对于部分重复使用的电动外科吻合器械，因成本较高的动力部分设置于手柄组件内，因此通常将手柄组件部分作为复用部件。连接于手柄组件近端的细长体组件则可作为一次性无菌部件，其近端接口与手柄组件的远端接口可拆卸连接，其远端则与端部执行组件采用可拆卸或不可拆卸方式连接。目前，部分重复使用的电动外科吻合器械中，作为一次性部件的细长体组件中的传动组件在运输过程中容易出现移位的问题。With the development of medical device technology, electric surgical stapling instruments are developing in the direction of precision control, data feedback, force feedback, platformization, digitization and other intelligent directions, resulting in an exponential increase in the cost of the instruments. In order to reduce the cost of using the instruments, the high-value parts of the electric surgical stapling instruments need to be reused. For partially reusable electric surgical stapling instruments, since the more expensive power part is set in the handle assembly, the handle assembly part is usually used as a reused part. The slender body assembly connected to the proximal end of the handle assembly can be used as a disposable sterile component, and its proximal interface is detachably connected to the distal interface of the handle assembly, and its distal end is connected to the end execution assembly in a detachable or non-detachable manner. At present, in partially reusable electric surgical stapling instruments, the transmission assembly in the slender body assembly as a disposable component is prone to displacement during transportation.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为此，本发明提出了一种外科器械，避免细长体组件中的传动组件在未接合至手柄组件的初始状态下移位的问题。To this end, the present invention provides a surgical instrument that avoids the problem of displacement of a transmission assembly in an elongated body assembly in an initial state where the transmission assembly is not engaged with a handle assembly.
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种外科器械，包括：手柄组件，可操作地向端部执行组件提供驱动力；适配器组件，限定纵向轴线方向，其包括传动轴组，以传输所述手柄组件提供的驱动力；所述适配器组件可拆卸地连接于手柄组件的远端；所述适配器组件还包括可移动的锁止组件，所述锁止组件适于在适配器组件未连接于手柄组件上的初始状态下卡接于所述传动轴组上，以锁止所述传动轴组的位置；还包括解锁组件，所述解锁组件适于与所述锁止组件配合，所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，所述解锁组件触发锁止组件移动，使所述锁止组件与所述传动轴组分离，所述传动轴组处于解锁状态，实现所述适配器组件与手柄组件的传动连接。A surgical instrument comprises: a handle assembly, which is operable to provide a driving force to an end execution assembly; an adapter assembly, which defines a longitudinal axis direction and comprises a transmission shaft group to transmit the driving force provided by the handle assembly; the adapter assembly is detachably connected to the distal end of the handle assembly; the adapter assembly also comprises a movable locking assembly, which is suitable for being clamped on the transmission shaft group in an initial state where the adapter assembly is not connected to the handle assembly to lock the position of the transmission shaft group; and an unlocking assembly, which is suitable for cooperating with the locking assembly. When the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the unlocking assembly triggers the locking assembly to move, so that the locking assembly is separated from the transmission shaft group, and the transmission shaft group is in an unlocked state, thereby realizing a transmission connection between the adapter assembly and the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，所述解锁组件触发锁止组件沿垂直于纵向轴线的方向移动，使所述锁止组件与所述传动轴组分离。In some embodiments of the present invention, when the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the unlocking assembly triggers the locking assembly to move in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, so that the locking assembly is separated from the transmission shaft assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述适配器组件的传动轴组包括击发传动轴、弯转传动轴以及旋转传动轴，所述锁止组件与击发传动轴、弯转传动轴以及旋转传动轴中的至少一个卡接配合以限制其沿纵向轴线方向的位置。In some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission shaft group of the adapter assembly includes a firing transmission shaft, a bending transmission shaft and a rotating transmission shaft, and the locking assembly is engaged with at least one of the firing transmission shaft, the bending transmission shaft and the rotating transmission shaft to limit its position along the longitudinal axis direction.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述适配器组件包括由远端至近端依次连接的细长体组件、旋转头组件以及第一连接组件，所述适配器组件通过第一连接组件连接于手柄组件上。In some embodiments of the present invention, the adapter assembly includes a slender body assembly, a rotating head assembly and a first connecting assembly connected in sequence from the distal end to the proximal end, and the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly through the first connecting assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述第一连接组件包括第一盖板以及套设于第一盖板上的第一连接座，所述传动轴组的近端穿设于所述第一盖板上，所述第一连接座的近端设置用于与手柄组件连接的至少一个第一插接卡口。In some embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting assembly includes a first cover plate and a first connecting seat mounted on the first cover plate, the proximal end of the transmission shaft group is passed through the first cover plate, and the proximal end of the first connecting seat is provided with at least one first plug-in socket for connecting to the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述第一连接座的远端设有环形槽，所述旋转头组件的近端可转动地连接于环形槽内。In some embodiments of the present invention, an annular groove is provided at the distal end of the first connecting seat, and the proximal end of the rotating head assembly is rotatably connected to the annular groove.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述第一连接组件的近端设置所述锁止组件，所述锁止组件包括：固定连接于第一连接组件近端的第一固定支架，以及可移动地连接于第一固定支架上的活动支架，所述活动支架上设有与所述传动轴组配合的卡槽。In some embodiments of the present invention, the locking assembly is arranged at the proximal end of the first connecting assembly, and the locking assembly includes: a first fixed bracket fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first connecting assembly, and a movable bracket movably connected to the first fixed bracket, and the movable bracket is provided with a slot cooperating with the transmission shaft group.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述旋转传动轴包括旋转传动轴本体以及滑动连接于旋转传动轴本体近端的滑动套筒，所述滑动套筒与所述旋转传动轴本体之间设置第一弹性件；In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotary transmission shaft includes a rotary transmission shaft body and a sliding sleeve slidably connected to the proximal end of the rotary transmission shaft body, and a first elastic member is arranged between the sliding sleeve and the rotary transmission shaft body;
所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，所述解锁组件触发锁止组件解锁所述滑动套筒，所述滑动套筒在第一弹性件的作用下向近侧移动并与手柄组件传动连接。When the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the unlocking assembly triggers the locking assembly to unlock the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve moves proximally under the action of the first elastic member and is transmission-connected to the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述锁止组件还包括第二固定支架以及滑动连接于第二固定支架上的轴向推板，所述轴向推板可沿纵向轴线方向移动，所述轴向推板的远端抵接于所述滑动套筒的近端面上，所述轴向推板的近端与所述第二固定支架之间设有第二弹性件；In some embodiments of the present invention, the locking assembly further comprises a second fixed bracket and an axial push plate slidably connected to the second fixed bracket, the axial push plate can move along the longitudinal axis direction, the distal end of the axial push plate abuts against the proximal end surface of the sliding sleeve, and a second elastic member is provided between the proximal end of the axial push plate and the second fixed bracket;
所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，所述解锁组件触发所述轴向推板使其沿纵向轴线向近侧移动，以解锁所述滑动套筒。When the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the unlocking assembly triggers the axial push plate to move proximally along the longitudinal axis to unlock the sliding sleeve.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述轴向推板上设有第一滑动斜面，所述解锁组件具有与之配合的第二滑动斜面，所述解锁组件沿垂直于纵向轴线方向移动时，第二滑动斜面与第一滑动斜面配合，推动所述轴向推板向近侧移动。In some embodiments of the present invention, the axial push plate is provided with a first sliding inclined surface, and the unlocking assembly has a second sliding inclined surface that cooperates therewith. When the unlocking assembly moves in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the second sliding inclined surface cooperates with the first sliding inclined surface to push the axial push plate to move proximally.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述解锁组件包括解锁盖板以及设置于解锁盖板内侧的第一解锁杆，所述第一解锁杆与所述活动支架配合，适于在所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，推动活动支架移动至与传动轴组分离的位置。In some embodiments of the present invention, the unlocking assembly includes an unlocking cover and a first unlocking rod arranged on the inner side of the unlocking cover, and the first unlocking rod cooperates with the movable bracket and is suitable for pushing the movable bracket to a position separated from the transmission shaft group when the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述解锁组件还包括设置于解锁盖板内侧的第二解锁杆，所述第二解锁杆的端部设置第二滑动斜面，并与所述轴向推板的第一滑动斜面配合，适于在所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，推动轴向推板向近侧移动。In some embodiments of the present invention, the unlocking assembly also includes a second unlocking rod arranged on the inner side of the unlocking cover plate, and a second sliding slope is provided at the end of the second unlocking rod, and cooperates with the first sliding slope of the axial push plate, and is suitable for pushing the axial push plate to move proximally when the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述解锁组件通过枢转组件连接于所述适配器组件的近端或所述手柄组件的远端。In some embodiments of the present invention, the unlocking assembly is connected to the proximal end of the adapter assembly or the distal end of the handle assembly via a pivot assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述手柄组件包括传动连接的驱动轴组与驱动动力装置；所述驱动轴组包括击发驱动轴、弯转驱动轴以及旋转驱动轴，所述击发驱动轴与所述弯转驱动轴输出纵向轴线方向的直线输出力，所述旋转驱动轴输出绕其轴线转动的旋转输出力。In some embodiments of the present invention, the handle assembly includes a drive shaft group and a drive power device that are transmission-connected; the drive shaft group includes a firing drive shaft, a bending drive shaft, and a rotating drive shaft, the firing drive shaft and the bending drive shaft output linear output force in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and the rotating drive shaft outputs a rotational output force rotating around its axis.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述击发驱动轴与所述弯转驱动轴的远端设有插接缺口，所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，击发传动轴的近端沿垂直于纵向轴线的方向插接于击发驱动轴的插接缺口内实现传动连接，弯转传动轴的近端沿垂直于纵向轴线的方向插接于弯转驱动轴的插接缺口内实现传动连接。In some embodiments of the present invention, the distal ends of the firing drive shaft and the bending drive shaft are provided with plug-in notches. When the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the proximal end of the firing drive shaft is plugged into the plug-in notch of the firing drive shaft along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis to achieve a transmission connection, and the proximal end of the bending drive shaft is plugged into the plug-in notch of the bending drive shaft along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis to achieve a transmission connection.
本发明的部分实施方式中，旋转驱动轴的远端端面或滑动套筒的近端端面设有插接槽，所述适配器组件连接于手柄组件上时，滑动套筒向近侧移动直至滑动套筒的近端或所述旋转驱动轴的远端插接于所述插接槽内，实现滑动套筒与旋转驱动轴的传动连接。In some embodiments of the present invention, a plug-in groove is provided on the distal end face of the rotating drive shaft or the proximal end face of the sliding sleeve. When the adapter assembly is connected to the handle assembly, the sliding sleeve moves proximally until the proximal end of the sliding sleeve or the distal end of the rotating drive shaft is plugged into the plug-in groove, thereby realizing a transmission connection between the sliding sleeve and the rotating drive shaft.
本发明的部分实施方式中，旋转驱动轴的远端形成为截面为多边形轴体，滑动套筒的近端端面上具有与旋转驱动轴的形状配合的插接槽，两者配合实现旋转驱动轴与滑动套筒的防转动传动连接。In some embodiments of the present invention, the distal end of the rotary drive shaft is formed as a shaft body with a polygonal cross-section, and the proximal end face of the sliding sleeve has a plug-in groove that matches the shape of the rotary drive shaft. The two cooperate to achieve an anti-rotation transmission connection between the rotary drive shaft and the sliding sleeve.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述手柄组件的远端设置第二连接组件，所述第二连接组件与适配器组件的第一连接组件配合实现适配器组件与手柄组件的连接。In some embodiments of the present invention, a second connecting assembly is provided at the distal end of the handle assembly, and the second connecting assembly cooperates with the first connecting assembly of the adapter assembly to achieve connection between the adapter assembly and the handle assembly.
本发明的部分实施方式中，所述第二连接组件包括封堵手柄组件远端端部的第二盖板以及连接于第二盖板远端的连接套板，驱动轴组的远端穿设于所述第二盖板上，所述连接套板和/或所述第二盖板上设置用于与适配器组件连接的至少一个第二插接卡口。In some embodiments of the present invention, the second connecting assembly includes a second cover plate at the distal end of the blocking handle assembly and a connecting sleeve connected to the distal end of the second cover plate, the distal end of the drive shaft group is passed through the second cover plate, and at least one second plug-in socket for connecting to the adapter assembly is provided on the connecting sleeve plate and/or the second cover plate.
本发明的技术方案相对现有技术具有如下技术效果：The technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:
本发明提供的外科器械中，通过适配器组件与手柄组件可拆卸连接可实现手柄组件部分的重复利用，并且适配器组件部分设置用于锁止传动轴组的锁止组件，适于在适配器未接合至手柄组件的初始状态下保持传动轴组的位置锁定，提高适配器组件与手柄组件的连接可靠性；当两者进行接合时，解锁组件触发锁止组件动作实现传动轴组的解锁，实现传动轴组与手柄组件内的驱动轴组的可靠接合。In the surgical instrument provided by the present invention, the handle assembly part can be reused through the detachable connection between the adapter assembly and the handle assembly, and the adapter assembly part is provided with a locking assembly for locking the drive shaft group, which is suitable for keeping the position of the drive shaft group locked in the initial state when the adapter is not engaged to the handle assembly, thereby improving the connection reliability between the adapter assembly and the handle assembly; when the two are engaged, the unlocking assembly triggers the locking assembly to unlock the drive shaft group, thereby realizing reliable engagement of the drive shaft group with the drive shaft group in the handle assembly.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
下面将通过附图详细描述本发明中优选实施例，将有助于理解本发明的目的和优点，其中:The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to understand the objects and advantages of the present invention, wherein:
图1为本发明外科器械的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图2为本发明外科器械的适配器组件的具体实施方式的爆炸图；FIG2 is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of an adapter assembly of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图3为本发明外科器械的具体实施方式中弯转传动组件的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bending transmission assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图4为本发明外科器械的具体实施方式中旋转头组件的部分结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a rotating head assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图5为本发明的外科器械的端部执行组件的具体实施方式的爆炸图；FIG5 is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of the end effector assembly of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图6为本发明的外科器械中端部执行组件的远端执行组件的爆炸图；FIG6 is an exploded view of a distal end effector assembly of an end effector assembly in a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图7为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中手柄组件远端的部分结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the distal end of a handle assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图8为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中手柄组件与适配器组件接合示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the engagement of a handle assembly and an adapter assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图9为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中手柄组件与适配器组件另一接合示意图；FIG9 is another schematic diagram of the connection between the handle assembly and the adapter assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图10为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件近端的部分结构示意图；FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the proximal end of an adapter assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图11为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中锁止组件与传动轴组的配合示意图；FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the locking assembly and the transmission shaft assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图12为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中解锁组件的结构示意图；FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an unlocking assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图13为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件未接合于手柄组件上的初始状态的结构示意图；FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial state in which the adapter assembly is not engaged with the handle assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图14为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件接合于手柄组件上的结构示意图；FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adapter assembly coupled to a handle assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图15为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件近侧端面的正视图；FIG15 is a front view of the proximal end surface of the adapter assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention;
图16为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中锁止组件的部分结构示意图；FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a locking assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图17为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件接合于手柄组件上的剖视图；FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of an adapter assembly coupled to a handle assembly in a specific embodiment of a surgical instrument of the present invention;
图18为本发明的外科器械具体实施例中适配器组件接合于手柄组件上的另一剖视图。18 is another cross-sectional view of the adapter assembly coupled to the handle assembly in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，在本发明各个实施例中，“远端/侧”指外科器械操作时远离操作者的一端，“近端/侧”则指外科器械被操作时靠近操作者的一端/侧。The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In each embodiment of the present invention, the "distal end/side" refers to the end of the surgical instrument away from the operator when the surgical instrument is operated, and the "proximal end/side" refers to the end/side close to the operator when the surgical instrument is operated.
以下为本发明提供的外科器械的一种具体实施方式。一般来说，本文所述的外科器械的实施例是内窥镜式外科切割吻合器械。然而，应该指出的是，外科器械还可以是非内窥镜式外科切割吻合器械，例如用于开放手术的开放式外科器械。The following is a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument provided by the present invention. Generally speaking, the embodiment of the surgical instrument described herein is an endoscopic surgical cutting and stapling instrument. However, it should be noted that the surgical instrument can also be a non-endoscopic surgical cutting and stapling instrument, such as an open surgical instrument for open surgery.
具体地，图1示出的外科器械100包括由近端至远端依次连接的手柄组件10、适配器组件20和端部执行组件30。其中，端部执行组件30用于操作组织以执行具体的手术操作，例如，对组织进行夹持、缝合/吻合、切割等手术操作。手柄组件10包括适于操作者握持的手柄壳体，使操作者操控该外科器械。手柄壳体内设置驱动端部执行组件30实现夹持操作、击发操作(包括缝合/吻合、切割)以及弯转与旋转操作的驱动组件。适配器组件20用于将所述手柄组件10的驱动组件提供的驱动力传输至端部执行组件30上，其包括旋转头组件21以及连接于旋转头组件21的远端并向远侧延伸设置的细长体组件22。细长体组件22限定纵向轴线C，包括细长体外壳221，旋转头组件21能够相对手柄组件10绕纵向轴线C旋转，并带动细长体组件22和端部执行组件30绕纵向轴线C旋转。Specifically, the surgical instrument 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a handle assembly 10, an adapter assembly 20, and an end actuator assembly 30 connected in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end. The end actuator assembly 30 is used to operate tissue to perform specific surgical operations, such as clamping, suturing/anastomosis, cutting, and other surgical operations on tissue. The handle assembly 10 includes a handle housing suitable for the operator to hold, so that the operator can manipulate the surgical instrument. A drive assembly that drives the end actuator assembly 30 to implement clamping operations, firing operations (including suturing/anastomosis, cutting), and bending and rotating operations is set in the handle housing. The adapter assembly 20 is used to transmit the driving force provided by the drive assembly of the handle assembly 10 to the end actuator assembly 30, which includes a rotating head assembly 21 and a slender body assembly 22 connected to the distal end of the rotating head assembly 21 and extending distally. The elongated body assembly 22 defines a longitudinal axis C and includes an elongated body housing 221 . The rotating head assembly 21 can rotate relative to the handle assembly 10 about the longitudinal axis C and drive the elongated body assembly 22 and the end effector assembly 30 to rotate about the longitudinal axis C.
如图2所示，所述适配器组件20包括传动轴组23，传动轴组23包括击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231以及旋转传动轴233；击发传动轴232成型为整体式轴，其近端位于旋转头组件21的旋转头外壳211内并与手柄组件10的击发驱动轴132可操作地接合，其远端安装于细长体组件22的安装框架222上并与端部执行组件30的击发件35可操作的接合。As shown in Figure 2, the adapter assembly 20 includes a drive shaft group 23, which includes a firing drive shaft 232, a bending drive shaft 231 and a rotating drive shaft 233; the firing drive shaft 232 is formed as an integral shaft, the proximal end of which is located in the rotating head housing 211 of the rotating head assembly 21 and is operably engaged with the firing drive shaft 132 of the handle assembly 10, and the distal end is mounted on the mounting frame 222 of the slender body assembly 22 and is operably engaged with the firing member 35 of the end execution assembly 30.
参考图2和图3，所述弯转传动轴231则包括安装于细长体组件22的安装框架222上的弯转连杆231b以及位于旋转头外壳211内的弯转推杆231a，弯转连杆231b的近端与弯转推杆231a的远端在旋转头外壳211内侧传动连接，例如，在具体实施方式中，弯转连杆231b的近端通过可相对滑动的内外环组件231c相接合，从而使得弯转连杆231b与弯转推杆231a可相对旋转地连接。弯转连杆231b的远端与端部执行组件30的铰接连杆36可操作地接合，弯转推杆231a的近端则与手柄组件10内的弯转驱动轴131可操作地接合。Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the bending transmission shaft 231 includes a bending connecting rod 231b mounted on the mounting frame 222 of the slender body assembly 22 and a bending push rod 231a located in the rotating head housing 211. The proximal end of the bending connecting rod 231b is connected to the distal end of the bending push rod 231a in a transmission manner inside the rotating head housing 211. For example, in a specific embodiment, the proximal end of the bending connecting rod 231b is engaged through an inner and outer ring assembly 231c that can slide relatively, so that the bending connecting rod 231b and the bending push rod 231a are connected to each other in a relatively rotatable manner. The distal end of the bending connecting rod 231b is operably engaged with the hinge connecting rod 36 of the end actuator assembly 30, and the proximal end of the bending push rod 231a is operably engaged with the bending drive shaft 131 in the handle assembly 10.
如图2、图4所示，旋转传动轴233位于旋转头外壳211内，其近端与手柄组件10的旋转驱动轴133可操作地接合，旋转传动轴233的远端与行星齿轮组的行星齿轮213固定连接，行星齿轮组的太阳轮212则与旋转头外壳211固定连接，旋转传动轴233转动时，则可带动旋转头外壳211绕纵向轴线C转动，进而带动细长体组件22及端部执行组件30绕纵向轴线C转动。As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the rotating transmission shaft 233 is located in the rotating head housing 211, and its proximal end is operably engaged with the rotating drive shaft 133 of the handle assembly 10. The distal end of the rotating transmission shaft 233 is fixedly connected to the planetary gear 213 of the planetary gear set, and the sun gear 212 of the planetary gear set is fixedly connected to the rotating head housing 211. When the rotating transmission shaft 233 rotates, it can drive the rotating head housing 211 to rotate around the longitudinal axis C, thereby driving the slender body assembly 22 and the end execution assembly 30 to rotate around the longitudinal axis C.
参照图5、图6所示，所述端部执行组件30包括近端主体部分30a和远端执行部分30b，近端主体部分30a和远端执行部分30b通过关节组件30c枢转连接。远端执行部分30b包括钉仓组件31和钉砧组件32，钉仓组件31和钉砧组件32可相对运动，以闭合钳口从而夹持组织钳口。一种具体的实施方式中，该钉砧组件32可被操作地朝向钉仓组件31枢转，直至闭合该端部执行组件30的钳口以夹持组织；钉砧组件32朝向远离钉仓组件31的方向枢转，直至打开端部执行组件30的钳口以释放组织。作为可替代的实施方式中，该端部执行组件30的钉仓组件31可被操作地朝向枢转钉砧组件32，直至闭合该端部执行组件30的钳口以夹持组织；以及钉仓组件31被操作地朝向远离钉仓组件31的方向枢转，直至打开端部执行组件30的钳口以释放组织。As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the end execution assembly 30 includes a proximal main body portion 30a and a distal execution portion 30b, and the proximal main body portion 30a and the distal execution portion 30b are pivotally connected by a joint assembly 30c. The distal execution portion 30b includes a staple cartridge assembly 31 and a staple anvil assembly 32, and the staple cartridge assembly 31 and the staple anvil assembly 32 can move relative to each other to close the jaws and thus clamp the tissue jaws. In a specific embodiment, the staple anvil assembly 32 can be operated to pivot toward the staple cartridge assembly 31 until the jaws of the end execution assembly 30 are closed to clamp the tissue; the staple anvil assembly 32 pivots in a direction away from the staple cartridge assembly 31 until the jaws of the end execution assembly 30 are opened to release the tissue. As an alternative embodiment, the nail magazine assembly 31 of the end execution assembly 30 can be operated to pivot toward the anvil assembly 32 until the jaws of the end execution assembly 30 are closed to clamp the tissue; and the nail magazine assembly 31 is operated to pivot in a direction away from the nail magazine assembly 31 until the jaws of the end execution assembly 30 are opened to release the tissue.
具体地，如图5和图6所示，端部执行组件30的近端主体部分30a可拆装地连接至细长体组件22的远端，近端主体部分30a包括细长的外管33、置于外管33内的内管34、置于内管34内可滑动的击发件35；端部执行组件30的远端执行部分30b中，钉仓组件31包括钉仓310、钉仓底座311和置于钉仓310内可延纵轴向滑动的滑块312；击发件35的近端与细长体组件22内的击发传动轴232连接，击发件35的远端则与滑块312抵触且可一体沿纵轴线方向滑动/移动，以执行相应的手术操作。例如，当击发件35被驱动从近端至远端移动时，实现对组织进行切割和吻合操作。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the proximal main body portion 30a of the end execution assembly 30 is detachably connected to the distal end of the slender body assembly 22, and the proximal main body portion 30a includes a slender outer tube 33, an inner tube 34 disposed in the outer tube 33, and a firing member 35 disposed in the inner tube 34 and slidable; in the distal execution portion 30b of the end execution assembly 30, the nail magazine assembly 31 includes a nail magazine 310, a nail magazine base 311, and a slider 312 disposed in the nail magazine 310 and slidable along the longitudinal axis; the proximal end of the firing member 35 is connected to the firing transmission shaft 232 in the slender body assembly 22, and the distal end of the firing member 35 is in contact with the slider 312 and can slide/move in the longitudinal axis direction as a whole to perform the corresponding surgical operation. For example, when the firing member 35 is driven to move from the proximal end to the distal end, the tissue is cut and anastomosed.
具体地，如图5所示，所述关节组件30c包括第一关节件37与第二关节件38；第一关节件37与第二关节件38通过枢转销枢转连接于所述内管34上，所述钉仓底座311固定连接于所述第一关节件37与第二关节件38上。近端主体部分30a还包括可滑动地置于内管34内的铰接连杆36，所述铰接连杆36的近端包括钩部36a，通过钩部36a与细长体组件22内的弯转连杆231b结合，所述铰接连杆36的远端作用于关节件37上的突出部37a上，突出部37a与枢转轴间隔设置，所述铰接连杆36的直线运动则使所述关节组件30c绕枢转销枢转，进而带动远端执行部分30b相对所述近端主体部分30a弯转。Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5, the joint assembly 30c includes a first joint component 37 and a second joint component 38; the first joint component 37 and the second joint component 38 are pivotally connected to the inner tube 34 through a pivot pin, and the nail magazine base 311 is fixedly connected to the first joint component 37 and the second joint component 38. The proximal main body portion 30a also includes a hinge link 36 slidably disposed in the inner tube 34, the proximal end of the hinge link 36 includes a hook portion 36a, which is combined with the bending link 231b in the slender body assembly 22 through the hook portion 36a, and the distal end of the hinge link 36 acts on the protrusion 37a on the joint component 37, and the protrusion 37a is spaced from the pivot axis. The linear movement of the hinge link 36 causes the joint assembly 30c to pivot around the pivot pin, thereby driving the distal execution portion 30b to bend relative to the proximal main body portion 30a.
当然，对于本领域技术人员来说，根据不同类型的外科手术还可以选择其他形式的端部执行组件30。同时，该端部执行组件30可选择为可拆装地与细长体组件22连接，或采用不可拆装地与细长体组件22连接的方式。Of course, for those skilled in the art, other forms of end effector assemblies 30 can be selected according to different types of surgical operations. At the same time, the end effector 30 can be selected to be detachably connected to the elongated body assembly 22, or to be non-detachably connected to the elongated body assembly 22.
如图1所示，一种具体的实施方式中，外科器械的手柄外壳11上设置若干按钮或推扭，通过触发按钮、推扭的方式来操纵端部执行组件30执行闭合和/或击发动作；外科器械还可以通过设置于手柄外壳11上扳机、推扭等方式来操纵端部执行器的钳口打开，以释放组织。其他可替代的实施方式中，还可以通过在外科器械100的手柄组件10上设置有扳机，使用者通过操作扳机来操作端部执行组件30执行闭合和击发动作。具体地，手柄外壳11整体大体上呈T字形，包括沿纵向轴线C方向延伸的主体部以及沿大致垂直于所述纵向轴线C方向或相对于纵向轴线C倾斜一定角度延伸的握持部，其所述主体部及握持部内部形成驱动机构的安装空间。位于手柄外壳11内的驱动组件包括驱动轴组13与驱动动力装置。如图7所示，一种实施方式中，驱动动力装置包括击发力驱动装置、弯转力驱动装置以及旋转力驱动装置，对应地，驱动轴组13包括击发驱动轴132、弯转驱动轴131以及旋转驱动轴133；其中，击发力驱动装置、弯转力驱动装置以及旋转力驱动装置分别采用旋转电机，通过旋转电机配合传动机构以实现击发、弯转以及旋转动作的电动驱动。As shown in FIG1 , in a specific embodiment, a plurality of buttons or push-twists are provided on the handle housing 11 of the surgical instrument, and the end effector assembly 30 is manipulated to perform closing and/or firing actions by triggering the buttons or push-twists; the surgical instrument can also manipulate the jaws of the end effector to open to release tissue by means of a trigger, push-twist, etc. provided on the handle housing 11. In other alternative embodiments, a trigger can also be provided on the handle assembly 10 of the surgical instrument 100, and the user can operate the end effector assembly 30 to perform closing and firing actions by operating the trigger. Specifically, the handle housing 11 is generally T-shaped as a whole, including a main body extending along the longitudinal axis C and a gripping portion extending along a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C or inclined at a certain angle relative to the longitudinal axis C, wherein the main body and the gripping portion form an installation space for the drive mechanism. The drive assembly located in the handle housing 11 includes a drive shaft group 13 and a drive power device. As shown in Figure 7, in one embodiment, the driving power device includes a firing force driving device, a bending force driving device and a rotational force driving device. Correspondingly, the driving shaft group 13 includes a firing driving shaft 132, a bending driving shaft 131 and a rotation driving shaft 133; wherein the firing force driving device, the bending force driving device and the rotational force driving device respectively adopt rotating motors, and the rotating motors cooperate with the transmission mechanism to realize the electric drive of the firing, bending and rotation actions.
例如，当该外科器械进行击发操作(例如对组织进行切割和吻合操作)时，操作者通过设置于手柄外壳11上推扭、按钮等方式控制该击发驱动电机启动，击发驱动电机通过第一传动机构与击发驱动轴132的连接，以驱动击发驱动轴132延纵向轴线C线性移动，从而带动位于适配器组件20上的击发传动轴232以及端部执行组件30上的击发件35动作，最终执行相应的手术操作。For example, when the surgical instrument performs a firing operation (such as cutting and stapling tissue), the operator controls the starting of the firing drive motor by means of a push-twist, button, etc. set on the handle housing 11. The firing drive motor is connected to the firing drive shaft 132 through the first transmission mechanism to drive the firing drive shaft 132 to move linearly along the longitudinal axis C, thereby driving the firing drive shaft 232 located on the adapter assembly 20 and the firing member 35 on the end execution assembly 30 to move, and finally perform the corresponding surgical operation.
当该外科器械进行弯转操作时，操作者通过设置于手柄外壳11上推扭、按钮等方式控制该弯转驱动电机启动，弯转驱动电机通过第二传动机构与弯转驱动轴131的连接，以驱动弯转驱动轴131延纵向轴线C线性移动，从而带动位于适配器组件20上的弯转传动轴231以及端部执行组件30上的铰接连杆36沿纵向轴线C移动，最终使所述关节组件30c绕枢转销枢转，进而带动端部执行组件30的远端执行部分30b相对所述近端主体部分30a弯转。When the surgical instrument performs a bending operation, the operator controls the start of the bending drive motor by means of a push button or the like provided on the handle housing 11. The bending drive motor is connected to the bending drive shaft 131 through a second transmission mechanism to drive the bending drive shaft 131 to move linearly along the longitudinal axis C, thereby driving the bending transmission shaft 231 on the adapter assembly 20 and the articulated connecting rod 36 on the end execution assembly 30 to move along the longitudinal axis C, and finally causing the joint assembly 30c to pivot around the pivot pin, thereby driving the distal execution portion 30b of the end execution assembly 30 to bend relative to the proximal main body portion 30a.
当该外科器械进行旋转操作时，操作者通过设置于手柄外壳11上推扭、按钮等方式控制该旋转驱动电机启动，旋转驱动电机通过旋转驱动轴133、旋转传动轴233以及行星轮213传动至太阳轮212上，太阳轮212则带动旋转头外壳211同步转动，最终带动细长体组件22及端部执行组件30相对手柄外壳11转动。When the surgical instrument is rotating, the operator controls the start of the rotation drive motor by means of a push button or the like provided on the handle housing 11. The rotation drive motor is transmitted to the sun gear 212 through the rotation drive shaft 133, the rotation transmission shaft 233 and the planetary gear 213. The sun gear 212 drives the rotating head housing 211 to rotate synchronously, and finally drives the slender body assembly 22 and the end execution assembly 30 to rotate relative to the handle housing 11.
通过上述驱动组件可实现该外科器械100的全电动驱动，便于操作者单手操作以进行手术。其他可替代的实施方式中，部分驱动组件可采用机械结构实现，以实现部分动作电动驱动，部分动作的手动驱动。The above-mentioned driving assembly can realize the full electric drive of the surgical instrument 100, which is convenient for the operator to operate with one hand to perform surgery. In other alternative embodiments, part of the driving assembly can be realized by a mechanical structure to realize electric drive of part of the action and manual drive of part of the action.
由于价值较高的驱动动力装置设置于手柄组件10内，如图8、图9所示，本发明具体实施方式中手柄组件10与适配器组件20通过可拆卸的方式连接或接合，以实现手柄组件10的重复使用。适配器组件20与端部执行组件30则作为一次性组件使用。为了实现手柄组件10与适配器组件20的可拆卸接合，如图9所示，手柄组件10在其近端设置第二连接组件12，所述适配器组件20在其近端设置第一连接组件24。如图8所示，将适配器组件20安装于手柄组件10上时，将适配器组件20沿箭头D的方向移动至手柄组件10的第二连接组件12处，通过适配器组件20的第一连接组件24与手柄组件10的第二连接组件12配合可实现适配器组件20与手柄组件10外壳的可拆卸连接，同时实现位于两者外壳内侧的驱动轴组13与传动轴组23的传动连接。Since the driving power device with higher value is arranged in the handle assembly 10, as shown in FIG8 and FIG9, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the handle assembly 10 and the adapter assembly 20 are connected or engaged in a detachable manner to realize the reuse of the handle assembly 10. The adapter assembly 20 and the end actuator assembly 30 are used as disposable components. In order to realize the detachable engagement of the handle assembly 10 and the adapter assembly 20, as shown in FIG9, the handle assembly 10 is provided with a second connecting assembly 12 at its proximal end, and the adapter assembly 20 is provided with a first connecting assembly 24 at its proximal end. As shown in FIG8, when the adapter assembly 20 is installed on the handle assembly 10, the adapter assembly 20 is moved along the direction of arrow D to the second connecting assembly 12 of the handle assembly 10, and the first connecting assembly 24 of the adapter assembly 20 cooperates with the second connecting assembly 12 of the handle assembly 10 to realize the detachable connection between the adapter assembly 20 and the outer shell of the handle assembly 10, and at the same time, the transmission connection between the drive shaft group 13 and the transmission shaft group 23 located on the inner side of the two outer shells is realized.
具体地，如图7所示，所述第二连接组件12包括覆盖手柄外壳11远端端部的第二盖板121以及连接于第二盖板121远端的连接套板122。所述驱动轴组13(包括击发驱动轴132、弯转驱动轴131以及旋转驱动轴133)的远端穿设于所述第二盖板121上，且击发驱动轴132与弯转驱动轴131可相对第二盖板121沿纵向轴线C做往复运动，旋转驱动轴133则可相对第二盖板121转动。所述连接套板122成型为截面大致为U形的半环形套筒结构，其远端设置用于与适配器组件20连接的多个第二插接卡口123，以限制适配器组件20沿垂直于纵向轴向方向的位置，所述第二盖板121上设置多个第三插接卡口124，以限制适配器组件20沿纵向轴向方向的位置。具体地，在本实施例中，连接套板122上设置了四个第二插接卡口123，在第二盖板121上设置了两个第三插接卡口124。Specifically, as shown in FIG7 , the second connection assembly 12 includes a second cover plate 121 covering the distal end of the handle housing 11 and a connection sleeve plate 122 connected to the distal end of the second cover plate 121. The distal end of the drive shaft group 13 (including the firing drive shaft 132, the bending drive shaft 131 and the rotating drive shaft 133) is penetrated on the second cover plate 121, and the firing drive shaft 132 and the bending drive shaft 131 can reciprocate along the longitudinal axis C relative to the second cover plate 121, and the rotating drive shaft 133 can rotate relative to the second cover plate 121. The connection sleeve plate 122 is formed as a semi-annular sleeve structure with a roughly U-shaped cross section, and a plurality of second plug-in bayonet holes 123 for connecting with the adapter assembly 20 are arranged at its distal end to limit the position of the adapter assembly 20 along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axial direction, and a plurality of third plug-in bayonet holes 124 are arranged on the second cover plate 121 to limit the position of the adapter assembly 20 along the longitudinal axial direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, four second plug-in bayonet ports 123 are provided on the connecting sleeve 122 , and two third plug-in bayonet ports 124 are provided on the second cover plate 121 .
具体地，如图10-11所示，设置于适配器组件20近端的第一连接组件24包括第一盖板241以及套设于第一盖板241上的连接套板242，所述传动轴组23的近端穿设于所述第一盖板241上，所述连接套板242的近端设置用于与手柄组件10连接的多个第一插接卡口243，第一插接卡口243的数量与第二插接卡口123的数量相匹配，使每一个所述第一插接卡口243与设于与第二连接组件12远端的相对应的第二插接卡口123配合，实现适配器组件20左右方向和轴向的限位。Specifically, as shown in Figures 10-11, the first connecting component 24 arranged at the proximal end of the adapter component 20 includes a first cover plate 241 and a connecting sleeve 242 sleeved on the first cover plate 241, the proximal end of the transmission shaft group 23 is passed through the first cover plate 241, and the proximal end of the connecting sleeve 242 is provided with a plurality of first plug-in sockets 243 for connecting to the handle assembly 10, the number of the first plug-in sockets 243 matches the number of the second plug-in sockets 123, so that each of the first plug-in sockets 243 cooperates with the corresponding second plug-in socket 123 arranged at the distal end of the second connecting component 12, so as to realize the left and right direction and axial limitation of the adapter assembly 20.
为了实现适配器组件20初始状态，也即适配器组件20未与手柄组件10接合的初始状态下，位于其上的传动轴组23保持在其初始位置，即传动轴组23处于能够与驱动轴组13传动连接的位置。如图10所示，所述适配器组件20还包括可移动的锁止组件25，所述锁止组件25用于在初始状态下锁止所述传动轴组23的位置，避免适配器组件20在初始状态下运输或储存过程中传动轴组23移位导致适配器组件20无法与手柄组件10进行传动连接等问题。In order to realize the initial state of the adapter assembly 20, that is, the initial state in which the adapter assembly 20 is not engaged with the handle assembly 10, the transmission shaft assembly 23 located thereon is kept in its initial position, that is, the transmission shaft assembly 23 is in a position capable of transmission connection with the drive shaft assembly 13. As shown in FIG10, the adapter assembly 20 further includes a movable locking assembly 25, which is used to lock the position of the transmission shaft assembly 23 in the initial state, so as to avoid the transmission shaft assembly 23 shifting during transportation or storage of the adapter assembly 20 in the initial state, resulting in the adapter assembly 20 being unable to be transmission-connected with the handle assembly 10.
为了实现适配器组件20与手柄组件10的传动连接，如图12所示，上述外科器械100还包括与锁止组件25配合的解锁组件40，所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，所述解锁组件40触发锁止组件25移动，使所述传动轴组23处于解锁状态，实现所述适配器组件20与手柄组件10的传动连接。如图13所示，所述解锁组件40安装于适配器组件20的近端，具体地，解锁组件40通过枢转部43枢转连接于第一连接组件24上，其中，所述第一连接组件24上设置第四插接卡口244(参见图10)，所述解锁组件40上设置与之配合的第二插接凸起412，以实现解锁组件40与第一连接组件24的轴向及周向的可靠限位。其他可替代的实施方式中，解锁组件40还可以安装于手柄组件10的远端，例如枢转连接于手柄组件10的第二连接组件12上；或者该解锁组件40作为一个独立的零部件使用，实现适配器组件20与手柄组件10的接合以及传动轴组23的解锁。In order to realize the transmission connection between the adapter assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10, as shown in FIG12, the surgical instrument 100 further includes an unlocking assembly 40 that cooperates with the locking assembly 25. When the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the unlocking assembly 40 triggers the locking assembly 25 to move, so that the transmission shaft group 23 is in an unlocked state, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the adapter assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10. As shown in FIG13, the unlocking assembly 40 is installed at the proximal end of the adapter assembly 20. Specifically, the unlocking assembly 40 is pivotally connected to the first connecting assembly 24 through a pivoting portion 43, wherein the first connecting assembly 24 is provided with a fourth plug-in bayonet 244 (see FIG10), and the unlocking assembly 40 is provided with a second plug-in protrusion 412 that cooperates therewith, so as to realize reliable axial and circumferential limiting of the unlocking assembly 40 and the first connecting assembly 24. In other alternative embodiments, the unlocking assembly 40 can also be installed at the distal end of the handle assembly 10, for example, pivotally connected to the second connecting assembly 12 of the handle assembly 10; or the unlocking assembly 40 is used as an independent component to achieve the engagement of the adapter assembly 20 with the handle assembly 10 and the unlocking of the drive shaft assembly 23.
初始状态下，如图14所示，所述锁止组件25卡接于所述传动轴组23上以限制传动轴组23沿纵向轴线C方向的移动；所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，如图13所示，所述解锁组件40触发锁止组件25沿垂直于纵向轴线C方向移动，使所述锁止组件25与所述传动轴组23分离。In the initial state, as shown in Figure 14, the locking assembly 25 is clamped on the transmission shaft group 23 to limit the movement of the transmission shaft group 23 along the longitudinal axis C; when the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, as shown in Figure 13, the unlocking assembly 40 triggers the locking assembly 25 to move in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C, so that the locking assembly 25 is separated from the transmission shaft group 23.
具体地，如图11和图15所示，所述锁止组件25设置于第一连接组件24上，其包括固定连接于第一盖板241上的第一固定支架251，以及可移动地连接于第一固定支架251上的活动支架252。其中，所述第一固定支架251上设置至少一个沿垂直于纵向轴线C方向上延伸的第一导向轴253，所述活动支架252设有至少一个第一导向孔，所述活动支架252滑动连接于所述第一导向轴253上并可沿其轴线方向滑动，所述活动支架252与所述第一固定支架251之间设置第三弹性件254，第三弹性件254作用于活动支架252上以使初始状态下与传动轴组23卡接以实现可靠锁止。Specifically, as shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 15, the locking assembly 25 is arranged on the first connecting assembly 24, and includes a first fixed bracket 251 fixedly connected to the first cover plate 241, and a movable bracket 252 movably connected to the first fixed bracket 251. The first fixed bracket 251 is provided with at least one first guide shaft 253 extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C, the movable bracket 252 is provided with at least one first guide hole, the movable bracket 252 is slidably connected to the first guide shaft 253 and can slide along the axis direction thereof, and a third elastic member 254 is arranged between the movable bracket 252 and the first fixed bracket 251, and the third elastic member 254 acts on the movable bracket 252 to make it engage with the transmission shaft group 23 in the initial state to achieve reliable locking.
具体地，如图15所示，所述活动支架252上设有与所述传动轴组23配合的卡槽252a。其与击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231以及旋转传动轴233中的至少一个或多个卡接配合以限制传动轴组23沿纵向轴线C方向的位置。具体地，一种实施方式中，所述活动支架252上设置三组U形的卡槽252a，所述击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231以及旋转传动轴233的近端分别设置于所述卡槽252a配合的环形槽，初始位置时，所述卡槽252a抵接于环形槽内以限制传动轴组23的轴向位置。其他可替代的实施方式中，所述锁止组件25仅需要锁止击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231的位置即可。此时，所述活动支架252则对应设置两个所述卡槽252a，分别与击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231卡接配合以限制两个传动轴的位置。另外，还可以采用多个(例如3个)独立且具有卡槽252a的活动支架252各自与击发传动轴232、弯转传动轴231以及旋转传动轴233通过卡接配合的方式实现传动轴组23的锁止。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15 , the movable bracket 252 is provided with a slot 252a that cooperates with the transmission shaft group 23. It is engaged with at least one or more of the firing transmission shaft 232, the bending transmission shaft 231, and the rotating transmission shaft 233 to limit the position of the transmission shaft group 23 along the longitudinal axis C. Specifically, in one embodiment, three groups of U-shaped slots 252a are provided on the movable bracket 252, and the proximal ends of the firing transmission shaft 232, the bending transmission shaft 231, and the rotating transmission shaft 233 are respectively provided in the annular grooves that cooperate with the slots 252a. In the initial position, the slots 252a abut against the annular grooves to limit the axial position of the transmission shaft group 23. In other alternative embodiments, the locking assembly 25 only needs to lock the positions of the firing transmission shaft 232 and the bending transmission shaft 231. At this time, the movable bracket 252 is correspondingly provided with two said slots 252a, which are respectively engaged with the firing transmission shaft 232 and the bending transmission shaft 231 to limit the positions of the two transmission shafts. In addition, multiple (for example, three) independent movable brackets 252 with slots 252a can also be used to respectively engage with the firing transmission shaft 232, the bending transmission shaft 231 and the rotating transmission shaft 233 to achieve the locking of the transmission shaft assembly 23 through the way of engaging.
具体地，参照图12所示，本发明外科器械的具体实施例中，解锁组件40包括解锁盖板41，所述解锁盖板41成型为U形的半环形套筒结构，所述解锁盖板41沿平行于纵向轴线的方向上设置枢转部43，枢转部43枢转连接于第一连接组件24的连接套板242上。解锁盖板41内侧靠近近端的位置设置第一插接凸起411，其用于与手柄组件10的第二连接组件12中第二盖板121上的第二插接卡口123配合实现解锁组件40与手柄组件10的卡接连接。解锁盖板41的内侧靠近远端的位置设置第二插接凸起412，其与第一连接组件24的第四插接卡口244配合实现解锁组件40与第一连接组件24的卡接。所述解锁盖板41内侧设置解锁推动件42，所述适配器组件20及解锁组件40连接于手柄组件10上时，如图13所示，解锁推动件42抵接并推动位于活动支架252上的活动支杆250，使活动支架252沿垂直于纵向轴向方向移动，直至活动支架252与传动轴组23分离，以实现传动轴组23的解锁。其中，解锁推动件42与所述第二插接凸起412一体成型。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12 , in a specific embodiment of the surgical instrument of the present invention, the unlocking assembly 40 includes an unlocking cover plate 41, which is formed into a U-shaped semi-annular sleeve structure, and the unlocking cover plate 41 is provided with a pivoting portion 43 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the pivoting portion 43 is pivotally connected to the connecting sleeve plate 242 of the first connecting assembly 24. A first plug-in protrusion 411 is provided at a position near the proximal end of the inner side of the unlocking cover plate 41, which is used to cooperate with the second plug-in bayonet 123 on the second cover plate 121 in the second connecting assembly 12 of the handle assembly 10 to realize the clamping connection between the unlocking assembly 40 and the handle assembly 10. A second plug-in protrusion 412 is provided at a position near the distal end of the inner side of the unlocking cover plate 41, which cooperates with the fourth plug-in bayonet 244 of the first connecting assembly 24 to realize the clamping connection between the unlocking assembly 40 and the first connecting assembly 24. An unlocking pusher 42 is disposed inside the unlocking cover plate 41. When the adapter assembly 20 and the unlocking assembly 40 are connected to the handle assembly 10, as shown in FIG13 , the unlocking pusher 42 abuts against and pushes the movable support rod 250 on the movable bracket 252, so that the movable bracket 252 moves in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis until the movable bracket 252 is separated from the transmission shaft assembly 23, thereby unlocking the transmission shaft assembly 23. The unlocking pusher 42 is integrally formed with the second plug protrusion 412.
具体地，所述适配器组件20沿垂直于纵向轴线C的方向与所述手柄组件10进行接合。两者进行接合时，所述传动轴组23与所述驱动轴组13采用如下具体结构实现传动连接。Specifically, the adapter assembly 20 is engaged with the handle assembly 10 along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C. When the two are engaged, the transmission shaft assembly 23 and the drive shaft assembly 13 are connected in transmission by adopting the following specific structure.
其中，如图7所示，所述击发驱动轴132与弯转驱动轴131的远端分别设有插接缺口131a/132a，所述插接缺口131a/132a使所述击发驱动轴132与弯转驱动轴131的垂直于轴向的横截面形成为U形，所述插接缺口131a/132a沿纵向轴线C方向延伸设置，且其沿轴向的横截面为T形，以适于与所述击发传动轴232及弯转驱动轴131近端的环形沿配合实现轴向限位；所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，击发传动轴232沿垂直于纵向轴线C的方向插接于击发驱动轴132的插接缺口132a内，T形的插接缺口132a限制所述击发传动轴232的轴向位置，实现可旋转地传动连接，同样地，弯转传动轴231的近端沿垂直于纵向轴线C的方向插接于弯转驱动轴131的插接缺口131a内，T形的插接缺口131a限制所述弯转传动轴231的轴向位置，实现可旋转地传动连接。As shown in FIG. 7 , the distal ends of the firing drive shaft 132 and the bending drive shaft 131 are respectively provided with insertion notches 131a/132a, and the insertion notches 131a/132a make the cross-sections of the firing drive shaft 132 and the bending drive shaft 131 perpendicular to the axial direction form a U-shape, and the insertion notches 131a/132a are extended along the longitudinal axis C direction, and the cross-sections thereof along the axial direction are T-shaped, so as to be suitable for cooperating with the annular edges of the proximal ends of the firing transmission shaft 232 and the bending drive shaft 131 to realize axial limitation; the adapter assembly When the component 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the firing transmission shaft 232 is inserted into the insertion notch 132a of the firing drive shaft 132 along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C, and the T-shaped insertion notch 132a limits the axial position of the firing transmission shaft 232 to achieve a rotatable transmission connection. Similarly, the proximal end of the bending transmission shaft 231 is inserted into the insertion notch 131a of the bending drive shaft 131 along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C, and the T-shaped insertion notch 131a limits the axial position of the bending transmission shaft 231 to achieve a rotatable transmission connection.
如图11所示，所述旋转传动轴233包括旋转传动轴本体2331以及滑动连接于旋转传动轴本体2331近端的滑动套筒2332，所述滑动套筒2332与所述旋转传动轴本体2331之间设置第一弹性件255；所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，所述解锁组件40触发锁止组件25解锁所述滑动套筒2332，所述滑动套筒2332在第一弹性件255的作用下向近侧移动并与手柄组件10上的旋转驱动轴133实现传动连接。As shown in Figure 11, the rotating transmission shaft 233 includes a rotating transmission shaft body 2331 and a sliding sleeve 2332 slidably connected to the proximal end of the rotating transmission shaft body 2331, and a first elastic member 255 is arranged between the sliding sleeve 2332 and the rotating transmission shaft body 2331; when the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the unlocking assembly 40 triggers the locking assembly 25 to unlock the sliding sleeve 2332, and the sliding sleeve 2332 moves proximally under the action of the first elastic member 255 and realizes a transmission connection with the rotating drive shaft 133 on the handle assembly 10.
具体地，如图15-18所示，所述滑动套筒2332的近端端面上设有插接槽2332a，所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，滑动套筒2332向近侧移动直至旋转驱动轴133的远端插接于滑动套筒2332的插接槽2332a内，实现滑动套筒2332与旋转驱动轴133的传动连接。具体地，旋转驱动轴133的远端形成为截面为多边形轴体，例如形成为三棱柱体，滑动套筒2332的近端端面上具有与旋转驱动轴133的形状配合的插接槽2332a，两者配合实现旋转驱动轴133与滑动套筒2332的防转动传动连接，以将旋转驱动轴133的转动动力传递至所述滑动套筒2332上。其他可替代的实施方式中，所述滑动套筒2332的近端成型为多边形柱体结构，所述旋转驱动轴133的远端端面上设置插接槽2332a，所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，滑动套筒2332向近侧移动直至插接于所述旋转驱动轴133的插接槽2332a内，同样可实现两者的传动连接。Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 15-18 , a plug-in slot 2332a is provided on the proximal end face of the sliding sleeve 2332. When the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the sliding sleeve 2332 moves proximally until the distal end of the rotation drive shaft 133 is plugged into the plug-in slot 2332a of the sliding sleeve 2332, thereby realizing the transmission connection between the sliding sleeve 2332 and the rotation drive shaft 133. Specifically, the distal end of the rotation drive shaft 133 is formed as a polygonal shaft body, such as a triangular prism, and the proximal end face of the sliding sleeve 2332 is provided with a plug-in slot 2332a that matches the shape of the rotation drive shaft 133. The two cooperate to realize the anti-rotation transmission connection between the rotation drive shaft 133 and the sliding sleeve 2332, so as to transmit the rotational power of the rotation drive shaft 133 to the sliding sleeve 2332. In other alternative embodiments, the proximal end of the sliding sleeve 2332 is formed as a polygonal cylindrical structure, and a plug-in groove 2332a is provided on the distal end face of the rotating drive shaft 133. When the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the sliding sleeve 2332 moves proximally until it is plugged into the plug-in groove 2332a of the rotating drive shaft 133, thereby also realizing a transmission connection between the two.
所述旋转驱动轴133的轴向锁定及解锁方式采用如下具体结构实现。所述旋转驱动轴133的滑动套筒2332在位于第一盖板241近端的部分区域上设置环形槽，所述锁止组件25的活动支架252上对应设置与之配合的卡槽252a，两者配合实现滑动套筒2332的轴向位置锁定。如图13至18所示，所述锁止组件25还包括第二固定支架256以及滑动连接于第二固定支架256上的轴向推板257，所述轴向推板257可沿纵向轴线C方向移动，更具体地，所述第二固定支架256为L形支架，其包括板面与纵向轴线C平行设置的第一支板2561以及板面与纵向轴线C垂直设置的第二支板2562；所述第一支板2561固定连接于第一连接组件24的近侧端面，具体为所述第一支板2561固定连接于第一固定支架251或与之一体成型，所述第二支板2562则平行于所述第一盖板241，且第二支板2562上设置沿纵向轴线C方向延伸的第二导向轴258(参考图11)，所述轴向推板257设置第二导向孔，所述轴向推板257滑动连接于第二导向轴258上，所述轴向推板257的近端与所述第二固定支架256之间设有第二弹性件259，第二弹性件259作用于轴向推板257上以使初始状态下与抵接所述滑动套筒2332的近端面上以实现滑动套筒2332的轴向(沿纵向轴线C方向的)锁止。The axial locking and unlocking of the rotating drive shaft 133 is realized by the following specific structure. The sliding sleeve 2332 of the rotating drive shaft 133 is provided with an annular groove on a partial area located at the proximal end of the first cover plate 241, and a corresponding slot 252a cooperating therewith is provided on the movable bracket 252 of the locking assembly 25, and the two cooperate to realize the axial position locking of the sliding sleeve 2332. As shown in Figures 13 to 18, the locking assembly 25 also includes a second fixed bracket 256 and an axial push plate 257 slidably connected to the second fixed bracket 256, and the axial push plate 257 can move along the longitudinal axis C. More specifically, the second fixed bracket 256 is an L-shaped bracket, which includes a first support plate 2561 whose plate surface is parallel to the longitudinal axis C and a second support plate 2562 whose plate surface is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C; the first support plate 2561 is fixedly connected to the proximal end surface of the first connecting assembly 24, specifically, the first support plate 2561 is fixedly connected to the first fixed bracket 251 or is integrally formed therewith, so The second support plate 2562 is parallel to the first cover plate 241, and a second guide shaft 258 (refer to Figure 11) extending along the longitudinal axis C is provided on the second support plate 2562, and a second guide hole is provided on the axial push plate 257. The axial push plate 257 is slidably connected to the second guide shaft 258, and a second elastic member 259 is provided between the proximal end of the axial push plate 257 and the second fixed bracket 256. The second elastic member 259 acts on the axial push plate 257 to abut against the proximal surface of the sliding sleeve 2332 in the initial state to realize axial (along the longitudinal axis C) locking of the sliding sleeve 2332.
如图11、图12所示，所述轴向推板257上设有第一滑动斜面2571，所述解锁组件40具有与之配合的第二滑动斜面441，所述解锁组件40沿垂直于纵向轴线C方向移动时，第二滑动斜面441与第一滑动斜面2571配合，推动所述轴向推板257向近侧移动。更具体地，如图17至图18所示，解锁盖板41内侧设置第二解锁杆44，所述第二解锁杆44的端部设置第二滑动斜面441，在所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，所述第二解锁杆44的第二滑动斜面441与轴向推板257的第一滑动斜面2571配合，推动轴向推板257向近侧移动，实现了滑动套筒2332的轴向解锁。As shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, the axial push plate 257 is provided with a first sliding inclined surface 2571, and the unlocking assembly 40 has a second sliding inclined surface 441 matched therewith. When the unlocking assembly 40 moves in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C, the second sliding inclined surface 441 cooperates with the first sliding inclined surface 2571 to push the axial push plate 257 to move proximally. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 17 and Fig. 18, a second unlocking rod 44 is provided inside the unlocking cover plate 41, and a second sliding inclined surface 441 is provided at the end of the second unlocking rod 44. When the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, the second sliding inclined surface 441 of the second unlocking rod 44 cooperates with the first sliding inclined surface 2571 of the axial push plate 257 to push the axial push plate 257 to move proximally, thereby realizing the axial unlocking of the sliding sleeve 2332.
如图13-14和图17-18所示，所述滑动套筒2332通过设置两处锁止结构实现轴向锁止，可以使滑动套筒2332在初始状态下实现可靠锁止。同时，所述适配器组件20连接于手柄组件10上时，由于解锁组件40中的轴向推板257需要克服第二弹性件259的弹性力作用向近侧移动，可使滑动套筒2332被解锁后能够平稳地向近侧移动，使其与手柄组件10内的旋转驱动轴133实现可靠地传动连接。As shown in Figs. 13-14 and 17-18, the sliding sleeve 2332 is axially locked by setting two locking structures, so that the sliding sleeve 2332 can be reliably locked in the initial state. At the same time, when the adapter assembly 20 is connected to the handle assembly 10, since the axial push plate 257 in the unlocking assembly 40 needs to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic member 259 to move proximally, the sliding sleeve 2332 can be smoothly moved proximally after being unlocked, so that it can be reliably connected to the rotating drive shaft 133 in the handle assembly 10.
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310243851.8ACN118662180A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Surgical instrument |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310243851.8ACN118662180A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Surgical instrument |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118662180Atrue CN118662180A (en) | 2024-09-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310243851.8APendingCN118662180A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Surgical instrument |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118662180A (en) |
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