技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于土壤污染监测技术领域，尤其是涉及一种移动式土壤污染监测装置及方法。The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil pollution monitoring, and in particular relates to a mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method.
背景技术Background Art
在环境保护和治理的领域中，土壤污染监测一直是一个至关重要的环节。土壤作为生态系统中不可或缺的一部分，其健康状况直接影响到人类的生产生活和生态环境的稳定性。传统的土壤污染监测技术多采用定时采样的方式，即通过定期收集土壤样本，然后在实验室中检测其成分，以判断土壤污染的情况。这种方法虽然在一定程度上能够提供土壤污染的信息，但存在明显的局限性。In the field of environmental protection and governance, soil pollution monitoring has always been a crucial link. As an indispensable part of the ecosystem, the health of soil directly affects human production and life and the stability of the ecological environment. Traditional soil pollution monitoring technology mostly uses timed sampling, that is, by regularly collecting soil samples and then testing their components in the laboratory to determine the status of soil pollution. Although this method can provide information on soil pollution to a certain extent, it has obvious limitations.
首先，传统的土壤污染监测技术主要关注土壤中的固态污染物，如重金属、有机污染物等，而对于土壤表面挥发的气体污染物则往往被忽视。然而，土壤中的挥发性有机物（VOCs）和半挥发性有机物（SVOCs）等气体污染物，同样会对环境和人体健康造成严重的危害。这些气体污染物可以通过土壤表面挥发进入大气，进而通过呼吸、食物链等途径进入人体，对人体健康造成潜在威胁。First, traditional soil pollution monitoring technology mainly focuses on solid pollutants in the soil, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants, while gaseous pollutants volatilizing from the soil surface are often ignored. However, gaseous pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the soil can also cause serious harm to the environment and human health. These gaseous pollutants can volatilize from the soil surface into the atmosphere, and then enter the human body through breathing, food chain and other pathways, posing a potential threat to human health.
其次，从采样到实验室分析的过程需要耗费一定的时间，这使得监测结果存在明显的滞后性。在面对紧急的土壤污染情况时，无法为相关部门提供及时、准确的决策依据。Secondly, the process from sampling to laboratory analysis takes a certain amount of time, which makes the monitoring results have a significant lag. When faced with urgent soil pollution situations, it is impossible to provide timely and accurate decision-making basis for relevant departments.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明提供一种移动式土壤污染监测装置及方法，用于解决现有技术中土壤监测采用定时采集土样到实验室检测的方式进行监测土壤污染情况，不仅耗费人力和时间，并且监测结果滞后，同时缺乏对土壤挥发性有害气体的检测的问题。In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method, which is used to solve the problem that the prior art soil monitoring adopts the method of regularly collecting soil samples for laboratory testing to monitor soil pollution, which not only consumes manpower and time, but also has delayed monitoring results and lacks detection of volatile harmful gases in the soil.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的一种移动式土壤污染监测装置，包括：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mobile soil pollution monitoring device, comprising:
车体，Car body,
所述车体上设有第一设备放置区和第二设备放置区；The vehicle body is provided with a first equipment placement area and a second equipment placement area;
土样检测系统，Soil sample testing system,
所述土样检测系统包括土样采集机构、土样分析机构，所述土样采集机构和所述土样分析机构均固定安装在所述第一设备放置区上，所述土样采集机构用于采集土壤样品，所述土样分析机构用于分析土壤样品；The soil sample detection system comprises a soil sample collection mechanism and a soil sample analysis mechanism, both of which are fixedly mounted on the first equipment placement area, the soil sample collection mechanism is used to collect soil samples, and the soil sample analysis mechanism is used to analyze soil samples;
地表气体检测系统，Surface gas detection system,
所述地表气体检测系统包括气体采样机构和气体分析机构，所述气体采样机构固定安装在所述第二设备放置区，所述气体采样机构用于采集土壤表面挥发的气体，所述气体分析机构用于分析气体成分；The surface gas detection system comprises a gas sampling mechanism and a gas analysis mechanism, wherein the gas sampling mechanism is fixedly installed in the second equipment placement area, the gas sampling mechanism is used to collect gas volatilized from the soil surface, and the gas analysis mechanism is used to analyze gas composition;
环境信息采集系统，Environmental information collection system,
所述环境信息采集系统用于采集地表植被信息。The environmental information collection system is used to collect surface vegetation information.
可选地，所述土样采集机构包括安装架、第一伸缩件、升降组件、旋转驱动件和采样组件；Optionally, the soil sample collection mechanism includes a mounting frame, a first telescopic member, a lifting assembly, a rotating driving member and a sampling assembly;
所述安装架固定安装在所述第一设备放置区，所述升降组件和所述安装架铰接，所述第一伸缩件一端铰接在所述安装架上，所述第一伸缩件的另一端铰接在所述升降组件上，通过所述第一伸缩件控制所述升降组件在所述安装架上转动；所述旋转驱动件固定安装在所述升降组件的升降端，所述采样组件固定在所述旋转驱动件的输出端。The mounting frame is fixedly installed in the first equipment placement area, the lifting assembly and the mounting frame are hinged, one end of the first telescopic member is hinged on the mounting frame, and the other end of the first telescopic member is hinged on the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly is controlled to rotate on the mounting frame by the first telescopic member; the rotating drive member is fixedly installed at the lifting end of the lifting assembly, and the sampling assembly is fixed at the output end of the rotating drive member.
可选地，所述升降组件包括转动架、升降架、导轨和第二伸缩杆；Optionally, the lifting assembly includes a rotating frame, a lifting frame, a guide rail and a second telescopic rod;
所述转动架和所述安装架铰接，所述第一伸缩件一端铰接在所述安装架上，所述第一伸缩件的另一端铰接在所述转动架上，所述导轨和所述转动架固定连接，所述升降架和所述导轨滑动配合，所述第二伸缩杆固定安装在所述转动架上，所述第二伸缩杆的活动端和所述升降架固定连接，所述第二伸缩杆的伸缩方向和所述导轨滑动方向一致，所述旋转驱动件通过固定架和所述升降杆固定连接。The rotating frame is hinged to the mounting frame, one end of the first telescopic member is hinged to the mounting frame, the other end of the first telescopic member is hinged to the rotating frame, the guide rail is fixedly connected to the rotating frame, the lifting frame is slidably matched with the guide rail, the second telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the rotating frame, the movable end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lifting frame, the telescopic direction of the second telescopic rod is consistent with the sliding direction of the guide rail, and the rotating driving member is fixedly connected to the lifting rod via a fixed frame.
可选地，所述采样组件包括钻杆、采样外筒、采样内筒和环形切割钻头；Optionally, the sampling assembly includes a drill rod, a sampling outer cylinder, a sampling inner cylinder and an annular cutting drill bit;
所述钻杆一端和所述旋转驱动件的输出端同轴线固定连接，所述钻杆的另一端和所述采样外筒固定连接，所述采样内筒设置在所采用外筒内部，所述采样内筒由两个半圆筒组成，且对立设置，所述环形切割钻头固定在所述采样外筒的端部，所述采样外筒和所述环形切割钻头可拆卸连接。One end of the drill rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating drive member, the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the sampling outer cylinder, the sampling inner cylinder is arranged inside the outer cylinder, the sampling inner cylinder is composed of two semi-cylinders, and are arranged oppositely, the annular cutting drill bit is fixed to the end of the sampling outer cylinder, and the sampling outer cylinder and the annular cutting drill bit are detachably connected.
可选地，所述气体采样机构包括自动采样盒，所述自动采样盒包括密封箱、开口箱、电控气阀、储气气球、进气管、出气管和真空泵；Optionally, the gas sampling mechanism comprises an automatic sampling box, which comprises a sealed box, an open box, an electrically controlled gas valve, a gas storage balloon, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a vacuum pump;
所述密封箱设有进气管，所述进气管一端位于所述密封箱内部，所述进气管另一端位于所述密封箱外侧，所述密封箱外侧的所述进气管上固设有电控气阀，所述密封箱内部的所述进气管端部固定连接有所述储气气球，通过所述进气管可向所述气球中注气；The sealed box is provided with an air intake pipe, one end of which is located inside the sealed box, and the other end of which is located outside the sealed box. An electric-controlled air valve is fixedly provided on the air intake pipe outside the sealed box, and the end of the air intake pipe inside the sealed box is fixedly connected to the air storage balloon, and air can be injected into the balloon through the air intake pipe;
所述密封箱固定安装在所述开口箱的内壁上，所述出气管贯通所述密封箱和所述开口箱，所述真空泵固定连接在所述开口箱上，所述真空泵固设在所述开口箱外壁上，所述真空泵和所述出气口连通。The sealed box is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the open box, the air outlet pipe passes through the sealed box and the open box, the vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the open box, the vacuum pump is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the open box, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the air outlet.
可选地，所述气体采样机构还包括采样盒收放组件，所述采样盒收放组件包括旋转底座、机械臂和夹爪，所述旋转底座固定安装在所述第二设备放置区，所述机械臂固设在所述旋转底座上，所述夹爪固设在所述机械臂的执行端。Optionally, the gas sampling mechanism also includes a sampling box folding assembly, which includes a rotating base, a mechanical arm and a clamp, the rotating base is fixedly installed in the second equipment placement area, the mechanical arm is fixed on the rotating base, and the clamp is fixed at the execution end of the mechanical arm.
可选地，所述环境信息采集系统包括随车摄像头和拍摄无人机，所述随车摄像头设置所述车体顶部，所述随车摄像头可360度旋转拍摄，所述车体还包括无人机停放区，所述无人机停放区和第二设备放置区上下设置，所述拍摄无人机放置在所述无人机停放区。Optionally, the environmental information collection system includes a vehicle-mounted camera and a shooting drone, the vehicle-mounted camera is set on the top of the vehicle body, the vehicle-mounted camera can rotate 360 degrees for shooting, the vehicle body also includes a drone parking area, the drone parking area and the second equipment placement area are arranged up and down, and the shooting drone is placed in the drone parking area.
可选地，所述的土样分析机构包括工作台、滑轨、滑块、升降柱和多普仪，所述工作台固定安装在所述第一设备放置区，所述滑轨和所述工作台固定连接，所述滑块和所述滑轨滑动配合，所述升降柱和所述滑块固定连接，所述多普仪固定在所述升降柱的升降端，且所述多普仪的测试口正对所述测试台。Optionally, the soil sample analysis mechanism includes a workbench, a slide rail, a slider, a lifting column and a doppler. The workbench is fixedly installed in the first equipment placement area, the slide rail and the workbench are fixedly connected, the slider and the slide rail are slidably matched, the lifting column and the slider are fixedly connected, the doppler is fixed at the lifting end of the lifting column, and the test port of the doppler faces the test bench.
可选地，所述气体分析机构包括二氧化硫分析仪、氮氧化物分析仪、碳氢分析仪、二氧化碳分析仪，所述二氧化硫分析仪、所述氮氧化物分析仪、所述碳氢分析仪、所述二氧化碳分析仪均固定安装在所述第一设备放置区。Optionally, the gas analysis mechanism includes a sulfur dioxide analyzer, a nitrogen oxide analyzer, a hydrocarbon analyzer, and a carbon dioxide analyzer, and the sulfur dioxide analyzer, the nitrogen oxide analyzer, the hydrocarbon analyzer, and the carbon dioxide analyzer are all fixedly installed in the first equipment placement area.
本实施例提供的一种移动式土壤污染监测的方法，包括如下步骤：This embodiment provides a method for mobile soil pollution monitoring, including the following steps:
环境分析步骤：Environmental analysis steps:
车体在待检测区行使过程中，通过车体上随车摄像头采集所述待检测区的地貌以及植被信息，然后车体停在预定地点，放飞拍摄无人机，对整个待检测区进行全方位拍摄，通过所述随车摄像头和所述拍摄无人机拍摄的数据中植被情况初步判断污染情况；When the vehicle is traveling in the area to be inspected, the on-board camera on the vehicle collects information about the topography and vegetation of the area to be inspected. Then the vehicle stops at a predetermined location and a drone is released to take a full-scale photo of the entire area to be inspected. The pollution situation is preliminarily determined based on the vegetation situation in the data taken by the on-board camera and the drone.
土样检测步骤：Soil sample testing steps:
车体行到检查地点，通过所述土样采集机构采集不同地层的土样，通过所述土样分析机构对土样进行初步分析，以及留存部分土样、到实验室进行深度分析；The vehicle body drives to the inspection site, collects soil samples from different strata through the soil sample collection mechanism, performs preliminary analysis on the soil samples through the soil sample analysis mechanism, and retains part of the soil samples for in-depth analysis in the laboratory;
地表气体检测步骤：Surface gas detection steps:
在待检测区域，将自动采样盒放置在待采样区域的地面上，开口箱的开口朝向地面，放置一定时间后，打开电控气阀和真空泵，真空泵将密封箱中气体抽离，使得其中压强降低，所述开口箱内部的气体在压强作用下吸到储气气球中，然后关闭所述电控气阀和所述真空泵。In the area to be tested, the automatic sampling box is placed on the ground of the area to be sampled, with the opening of the open box facing the ground. After being placed for a certain period of time, the electric-controlled gas valve and the vacuum pump are opened. The vacuum pump extracts the gas in the sealed box to reduce the pressure therein. The gas inside the open box is sucked into the gas storage ball under the action of pressure, and then the electric-controlled gas valve and the vacuum pump are closed.
如上所述，本发明的移动式土壤污染监测装置及方法，至少具有以下有益效果：As described above, the mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
1、由于设置有地表气体检测系统，不仅通过土样检测系统对土壤样品进行分析，还通过地表气体检测系统对土壤表面挥发的气体进行检测，从多个角度获取土壤污染信息；同时由于采用移动式设计，可以快速到达待检测区域，实现快速部署和监测；采样装置和检测设备都集成到车体上，可以采集样品后随车检测，并且多采用自动化控制，减少了人工操作，提高了工作效率；能够提供及时土地土壤污染调查数据，以便为相关部门提供及时、准确的决策依据。1. Due to the installation of a surface gas detection system, not only the soil samples are analyzed by the soil sample detection system, but also the volatilized gases on the soil surface are detected by the surface gas detection system, so as to obtain soil pollution information from multiple angles; at the same time, due to the mobile design, it can quickly reach the area to be detected, and realize rapid deployment and monitoring; the sampling device and the detection equipment are integrated into the vehicle body, and the samples can be collected and then tested on the vehicle, and automatic control is mostly adopted, which reduces manual operation and improves work efficiency; it can provide timely land soil pollution survey data, so as to provide timely and accurate decision-making basis for relevant departments.
2、由于所述采样组件设置有采样外筒和采样内筒，当完成一次采样后，卸下环形切割钻头，直接取出采样内筒，然后换上空的采样内筒，可以继续采样，采样效率高。2. Since the sampling assembly is provided with a sampling outer cylinder and a sampling inner cylinder, after completing one sampling, the annular cutting drill bit is removed, the sampling inner cylinder is directly taken out, and then an empty sampling inner cylinder is replaced, and sampling can be continued, and the sampling efficiency is high.
3、通过将自动采样盒放置在采样地面上，地面挥发的气体聚集在所述开口箱内部，当具体到一定浓度后，打开电控气阀和真空泵，真空泵将密封箱中气体抽离，使得其中压强降低，所述开口箱内部的气体在压强作用下吸到储气气球中，然后关闭所述电控气阀和所述真空泵。然后将收集到的气体拿到检测设备上进行检测，从而判断出土壤污染情况。3. By placing the automatic sampling box on the sampling ground, the volatilized gas from the ground gathers inside the open box. When it reaches a certain concentration, the electric control gas valve and the vacuum pump are opened. The vacuum pump extracts the gas in the sealed box, reducing the pressure therein. The gas inside the open box is sucked into the gas storage ball under the action of pressure, and then the electric control gas valve and the vacuum pump are closed. The collected gas is then taken to the detection equipment for detection to determine the soil pollution situation.
4、由于设置有所述环境信息采集系统，能够全面、细致地获取待检测区域的地貌、植被等信息，从植被分布，以及生长状态，可以初步判断环境污染情况，以便更合理的规划采样点，并能够为土壤污染分析提供重要参考。4. Due to the provision of the environmental information collection system, the topography, vegetation and other information of the area to be detected can be obtained comprehensively and meticulously. From the distribution and growth status of the vegetation, the environmental pollution situation can be preliminarily judged so as to plan the sampling points more reasonably and provide important reference for soil pollution analysis.
5、通过所述多普仪，可以对现场采集的土壤现场进行重金属分析。从而快速判断土壤污染情况。5. The Doppler analyzer can be used to analyze the heavy metals in the soil collected on site, so as to quickly determine the soil pollution situation.
6、由于设置有采样盒收放组件，可以快速的随车放置自动采样盒和收集自动采样盒，从而提高了监控效率。6. Since the sampling box retracting and placing assembly is provided, the automatic sampling box can be quickly placed and collected on the vehicle, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例的移动式土壤污染监测装置的立体结构示意图（一）；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mobile soil pollution monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (I);
图2为本发明实施例的移动式土壤污染监测装置的立体结构示意图（二）；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mobile soil pollution monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (II);
图3为本发明实施例的图2中局部A的放大图；FIG3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例的自动采样盒的斜仰视角的立体结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic sampling box according to an embodiment of the present invention at an oblique upward viewing angle;
图5为本发明实施例的自动采样盒的内部结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatic sampling box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例的自动采样盒安装状态时外观示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the automatic sampling box in the installed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例的采样组件的剖面图；FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of a sampling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例的图7中局部B的放大图;Figure 8 is an enlarged view of a portion B in Figure 7 of an embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例的土样分析机构和气体分析机构的分布图；FIG9 is a distribution diagram of a soil sample analysis mechanism and a gas analysis mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例的图9中局部C的放大图。FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将详细描述本发明的具体实施例，应当注意，这里描述的实施例只用于举例说明，并不用于限制本发明。在以下描述中，为了提供对本发明的透彻理解，阐述了大量特定细节。然而，对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是：不必采用这些特定细节来实行本发明。在其他实例中，为了避免混淆本发明，未具体描述公知的电路，软件或方法。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details do not need to be adopted to implement the present invention. In other examples, in order to avoid confusing the present invention, known circuits, software or methods are not specifically described.
在整个说明书中，对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”的提及意味着：结合该实施例或示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包含在本发明至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书的各个地方出现的短语“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”、“一个示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一实施例或示例。此外，可以以任何适当的组合和、或子组合将特定的特征、结构或特性组合在一个或多个实施例或示例中。此外，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，在此提供的示图都是为了说明的目的，并且示图不一定是按比例绘制的。Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and/or subcombination. In addition, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
请参阅图1-图3，本发明提供一种移动式土壤污染监测装置及方法的实施例，包括: 车体1、土样检测系统、地表气体检测系统和环境信息采集系统5；所述车体1上设有第一设备放置区101和第二设备放置区102；所述土样检测系统包括土样采集机构2、土样分析机构，所述土样采集机构2和所述土样分析机构710均固定安装在所述第一设备放置区101上，所述土样采集机构2用于采集土壤样品，所述土样分析机构710用于分析土壤样品；所述地表气体检测系统包括气体采样机构和气体分析机构，所述气体采样机构固定安装在所述第二设备放置区102，所述气体采样机构用于采集土壤表面挥发的气体，所述气体分析机构用于分析气体成分；所述环境信息采集系统5用于采集地表植被信息。由于设置有地表气体检测系统，不仅通过土样检测系统对土壤样品进行分析，还通过地表气体检测系统对土壤表面挥发的气体进行检测，从多个角度获取土壤污染信息；同时由于采用移动式设计，可以快速到达待检测区域，实现快速部署和监测；采样装置和检测设备都集成到车体1上，可以采集样品后随车检测，并且多采用自动化控制，减少了人工操作，提高了工作效率；能够提供及时土地土壤污染调查数据，以便为相关部门提供及时、准确的决策依据。Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. The present invention provides an embodiment of a mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method, including: a vehicle body 1, a soil sample detection system, a surface gas detection system and an environmental information collection system 5; the vehicle body 1 is provided with a first equipment placement area 101 and a second equipment placement area 102; the soil sample detection system includes a soil sample collection mechanism 2 and a soil sample analysis mechanism, the soil sample collection mechanism 2 and the soil sample analysis mechanism 710 are both fixedly installed on the first equipment placement area 101, the soil sample collection mechanism 2 is used to collect soil samples, and the soil sample analysis mechanism 710 is used to analyze soil samples; the surface gas detection system includes a gas sampling mechanism and a gas analysis mechanism, the gas sampling mechanism is fixedly installed in the second equipment placement area 102, the gas sampling mechanism is used to collect gases volatilized from the soil surface, and the gas analysis mechanism is used to analyze gas components; the environmental information collection system 5 is used to collect surface vegetation information. Since a surface gas detection system is provided, not only the soil sample is analyzed by the soil sample detection system, but also the volatilized gas on the soil surface is detected by the surface gas detection system, so as to obtain soil pollution information from multiple angles; at the same time, due to the mobile design, it can quickly reach the area to be detected, and realize rapid deployment and monitoring; the sampling device and the detection equipment are integrated into the vehicle body 1, and the sample can be collected and then detected on the vehicle, and automatic control is mostly adopted, which reduces manual operation and improves work efficiency; it can provide timely land soil pollution survey data, so as to provide timely and accurate decision-making basis for relevant departments.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述土样采集机构2包括安装架201、第一伸缩件202、升降组件、旋转驱动件2042和采样组件；所述安装架201固定安装在所述第一设备放置区101，所述升降组件和所述安装架201铰接，所述第一伸缩件202一端铰接在所述安装架201上，所述第一伸缩件202的另一端铰接在所述升降组件上，通过所述第一伸缩件202控制所述升降组件在所述安装架201上转动；所述旋转驱动件固定安装在所述升降组件的升降端，所述采样组件固定在所述旋转驱动件2042的输出端。所述旋转驱动件2042可以为电机也可以为液压泵。所述第一伸缩件202可以为液压缸、气缸或者电动推杆。车体1上还可以设置辅助支撑座6，提高采样时车体的稳定性。液压泵机以及相关控制组件7均可以放置在所述第二设备放置区102。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The soil sample collection mechanism 2 includes a mounting frame 201, a first telescopic member 202, a lifting assembly, a rotary drive member 2042 and a sampling assembly; the mounting frame 201 is fixedly mounted on the first equipment placement area 101, the lifting assembly and the mounting frame 201 are hinged, one end of the first telescopic member 202 is hinged on the mounting frame 201, and the other end of the first telescopic member 202 is hinged on the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly is controlled to rotate on the mounting frame 201 by the first telescopic member 202; the rotary drive member is fixedly mounted on the lifting end of the lifting assembly, and the sampling assembly is fixed at the output end of the rotary drive member 2042. The rotary drive member 2042 can be a motor or a hydraulic pump. The first telescopic member 202 can be a hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder or an electric push rod. An auxiliary support seat 6 can also be set on the vehicle body 1 to improve the stability of the vehicle body during sampling. The hydraulic pump and the related control assembly 7 can be placed in the second equipment placement area 102.
所述升降组件包括转动架2031、升降架2034、导轨2032和第二伸缩杆2033；所述第二伸缩件可以为液压缸、气缸或者电动推杆，所述转动架2031和所述安装架201铰接，所述第一伸缩件202一端铰接在所述安装架201上，所述第一伸缩件202的另一端铰接在所述转动架2031上，所述导轨2032和所述转动架2031固定连接，所述升降架2034和所述导轨2032滑动配合，所述第二伸缩杆2033固定安装在所述转动架2031上，所述第二伸缩杆2033的活动端和所述升降架2034固定连接，所述第二伸缩杆2033的伸缩方向和所述导轨2032滑动方向一致，所述旋转驱动件2042通过固定架2041和所述升降杆固定连接。The lifting assembly includes a rotating frame 2031, a lifting frame 2034, a guide rail 2032 and a second telescopic rod 2033; the second telescopic member can be a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder or an electric push rod, the rotating frame 2031 and the mounting frame 201 are hinged, one end of the first telescopic member 202 is hinged on the mounting frame 201, and the other end of the first telescopic member 202 is hinged on the rotating frame 2031, the guide rail 2032 and the rotating frame 2031 are fixedly connected, the lifting frame 2034 and the guide rail 2032 are slidably matched, the second telescopic rod 2033 is fixedly installed on the rotating frame 2031, the movable end of the second telescopic rod 2033 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 2034, the telescopic direction of the second telescopic rod 2033 is consistent with the sliding direction of the guide rail 2032, and the rotating drive member 2042 is fixedly connected to the lifting rod through the fixed frame 2041.
所述采样组件包括钻杆2051、采样外筒2052、采样内筒2054和环形切割钻头2053；所述钻杆2051一端和所述旋转驱动件2042的输出端同轴线固定连接，所述钻杆2051的另一端和所述采样外筒2052固定连接，所述采样内筒2054设置在所采用外筒内部，所述采样内筒2054由两个半圆筒组成，且对立设置，所述环形切割钻头2053固定在所述采样外筒2052的端部，所述采样外筒2052和所述环形切割钻头2053可拆卸连接。The sampling assembly includes a drill rod 2051, a sampling outer cylinder 2052, a sampling inner cylinder 2054 and an annular cutting drill bit 2053; one end of the drill rod 2051 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating drive member 2042, the other end of the drill rod 2051 is fixedly connected to the sampling outer cylinder 2052, the sampling inner cylinder 2054 is arranged inside the outer cylinder, the sampling inner cylinder 2054 is composed of two semi-cylinders, and is arranged oppositely, the annular cutting drill bit 2053 is fixed to the end of the sampling outer cylinder 2052, and the sampling outer cylinder 2052 and the annular cutting drill bit 2053 are detachably connected.
由于所述采样组件设置有采样外筒2052和采样内筒2054，当完成一次采样后，卸下环形切割钻头2053，直接取出采样内筒2054，然后换上空的采样内筒2054，可以继续采样，采样效率高。Since the sampling assembly is provided with a sampling outer cylinder 2052 and a sampling inner cylinder 2054, after completing a sampling, the annular cutting drill bit 2053 is removed, the sampling inner cylinder 2054 is directly taken out, and then replaced with an empty sampling inner cylinder 2054, sampling can be continued, and the sampling efficiency is high.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述气体采样机构包括自动采样盒，所述自动采样盒包括密封箱302、开口箱301、电控气阀303、储气气球306、进气管、出气管和真空泵304；所述密封箱302设有进气管，所述进气管一端位于所述密封箱302内部，所述进气管另一端位于所述密封箱302外侧，所述密封箱302外侧的所述进气管上固设有电控气阀303，所述密封箱302内部的所述进气管端部固定连接有所述储气气球306，通过所述进气管可向所述气球中注气；所述密封箱302固定安装在所述开口箱301的内壁上，所述出气管贯通所述密封箱302和所述开口箱301，所述真空泵304固定连接在所述开口箱301上，所述真空泵304固设在所述开口箱301外壁上，所述真空泵304和所述出气口连通。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The gas sampling mechanism includes an automatic sampling box, which includes a sealed box 302, an open box 301, an electrically controlled gas valve 303, a gas storage balloon 306, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a vacuum pump 304; the sealed box 302 is provided with an air inlet pipe, one end of which is located inside the sealed box 302, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is located outside the sealed box 302. The air inlet pipe outside the sealed box 302 is fixedly provided with an electrically controlled gas valve 303. 03. The end of the air inlet pipe inside the sealed box 302 is fixedly connected to the air storage balloon 306, and air can be injected into the balloon through the air inlet pipe; the sealed box 302 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the open box 301, and the air outlet pipe passes through the sealed box 302 and the open box 301. The vacuum pump 304 is fixedly connected to the open box 301, and the vacuum pump 304 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the open box 301, and the vacuum pump 304 is connected to the air outlet.
通过将自动采样盒放置在采样地面上，地面挥发的气体聚集在所述开口箱301内部，当具体到一定浓度后，打开电控气阀303和真空泵304，真空泵304将密封箱302中气体抽离，使得其中压强降低，所述开口箱301内部的气体在压强作用下吸到储气气球306中，然后关闭所述电控气阀303和所述真空泵304。然后将收集到的气体拿到检测设备上进行检测，从而判断出土壤污染情况。By placing the automatic sampling box on the sampling ground, the volatilized gas from the ground is gathered inside the open box 301. When it reaches a certain concentration, the electric control gas valve 303 and the vacuum pump 304 are opened. The vacuum pump 304 extracts the gas in the sealed box 302, so that the pressure therein is reduced. The gas inside the open box 301 is sucked into the gas storage balloon 306 under the action of pressure, and then the electric control gas valve 303 and the vacuum pump 304 are closed. The collected gas is then taken to the detection equipment for detection, so as to determine the soil pollution situation.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述气体采样机构还包括采样盒收放组件4，所述采样盒收放组件4包括旋转底座401、机械臂402和夹爪403，所述旋转底座401固定安装在所述第二设备放置区102，所述机械臂402固设在所述旋转底座401上，所述夹爪403固设在所述机械臂402的执行端。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-10, the gas sampling mechanism also includes a sampling box folding assembly 4, the sampling box folding assembly 4 includes a rotating base 401, a mechanical arm 402 and a clamp 403, the rotating base 401 is fixedly installed in the second equipment placement area 102, the mechanical arm 402 is fixed on the rotating base 401, and the clamp 403 is fixed at the execution end of the mechanical arm 402.
由于设置有所述环境信息采集系统5，能够全面、细致地获取待检测区域的地貌、植被等信息，从植被分布，以及生长状态，可以初步判断环境污染情况，以便更合理的规划采样点，并能够为土壤污染分析提供重要参考。Since the environmental information collection system 5 is provided, the topography, vegetation and other information of the area to be detected can be obtained comprehensively and meticulously. From the distribution and growth status of the vegetation, the environmental pollution situation can be preliminarily judged so as to plan the sampling points more reasonably and provide important reference for soil pollution analysis.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述环境信息采集系统5包括随车摄像头501和拍摄无人机502，所述随车摄像头501设置所述车体1顶部，所述随车摄像头501可360度旋转拍摄，所述车体1还包括无人机停放区，所述无人机停放区和第二设备放置区102上下设置，所述拍摄无人机502放置在所述无人机停放区。由于设置有所述环境信息采集系统5，能够全面、细致地获取待检测区域的地貌、植被等信息，从植被分布，以及生长状态，可以初步判断环境污染情况，以便更合理的规划采样点，并能够为土壤污染分析提供重要参考。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The environmental information collection system 5 includes a vehicle camera 501 and a shooting drone 502. The vehicle camera 501 is set on the top of the vehicle body 1. The vehicle camera 501 can rotate 360 degrees to shoot. The vehicle body 1 also includes a drone parking area. The drone parking area and the second equipment placement area 102 are arranged up and down, and the shooting drone 502 is placed in the drone parking area. Due to the provision of the environmental information collection system 5, it is possible to obtain comprehensive and detailed information on the topography, vegetation, etc. of the area to be detected. From the distribution of vegetation and its growth status, the environmental pollution situation can be preliminarily judged so as to plan the sampling points more reasonably and provide important reference for soil pollution analysis.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述的土样分析机构710包括工作台711、滑轨712、滑块713、升降柱714和多普仪715，所述工作台711固定安装在所述第一设备放置区101，所述滑轨712和所述工作台711固定连接，所述滑块713和所述滑轨712滑动配合，所述升降柱714和所述滑块713固定连接，所述多普仪715固定在所述升降柱714的升降端，且所述多普仪715的测试口正对所述测试台。通过所述多普仪715，可以对现场采集的土壤现场进行重金属分析。从而快速判断土壤污染情况。并且在取出采样内筒2054后，揭开其中一半的采样内筒2054，将另一半采样内筒2054和土样样品放置到工作台711上自己就可以进行重金属检测。检测效率高。所述的土样分析机构710还可以设置离心机712、酸碱分析仪以及其他土壤特性分析的仪器和试验装置。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The soil sample analysis mechanism 710 includes a workbench 711, a slide rail 712, a slider 713, a lifting column 714 and a doppler 715. The workbench 711 is fixedly installed in the first equipment placement area 101. The slide rail 712 is fixedly connected to the workbench 711, the slider 713 is slidably matched with the slide rail 712, the lifting column 714 is fixedly connected to the slider 713, and the doppler 715 is fixed at the lifting end of the lifting column 714, and the test port of the doppler 715 is facing the test bench. Through the doppler 715, the soil collected on site can be analyzed for heavy metals on site. Soil pollution can be quickly determined. And after taking out the sampling inner cylinder 2054, half of the sampling inner cylinder 2054 is uncovered, and the other half of the sampling inner cylinder 2054 and the soil sample are placed on the workbench 711 to perform heavy metal detection by themselves. The detection efficiency is high. The soil sample analysis mechanism 710 may also be provided with a centrifuge 712, an acid-base analyzer, and other instruments and test devices for analyzing soil characteristics.
本实施例中，请参阅图1-图10，所述气体分析机构包括二氧化硫分析仪、氮氧化物分析仪803、碳氢分析仪801和二氧化碳分析仪802等设备，可以根据需要测量的数据选择相应设备放置在车体上，所述二氧化硫分析仪、所述氮氧化物分析仪803、所述碳氢分析仪801、所述二氧化碳分析仪802固定安装在所述第一设备放置区101；能够对土壤进行全面分析。In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The gas analysis mechanism includes equipment such as a sulfur dioxide analyzer, a nitrogen oxide analyzer 803, a hydrocarbon analyzer 801, and a carbon dioxide analyzer 802. The corresponding equipment can be selected and placed on the vehicle body according to the data to be measured. The sulfur dioxide analyzer, the nitrogen oxide analyzer 803, the hydrocarbon analyzer 801, and the carbon dioxide analyzer 802 are fixedly installed in the first equipment placement area 101; the soil can be comprehensively analyzed.
综上所述，本发明通过土样检测系统对土壤样品进行分析，还通过地表气体检测系统对土壤表面挥发的气体进行检测，从多个角度获取土壤污染信息；同时由于采用移动式设计，可以快速到达待检测区域，实现快速部署和监测；采样装置和检测设备都集成到车体1上，可以采集样品后随车检测，并且多采用自动化控制，减少了人工操作，提高了工作效率；能够提供及时土地土壤污染调查数据，以便为相关部门提供及时、准确的决策依据。所以本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点。In summary, the present invention analyzes soil samples through a soil sample detection system, and also detects the volatilized gas on the soil surface through a surface gas detection system, so as to obtain soil pollution information from multiple angles; at the same time, due to the adoption of a mobile design, it can quickly reach the area to be detected, and realize rapid deployment and monitoring; the sampling device and the detection equipment are integrated into the vehicle body 1, and the sample can be collected and then detected on the vehicle, and automatic control is mostly adopted, which reduces manual operation and improves work efficiency; it can provide timely land soil pollution survey data, so as to provide timely and accurate decision-making basis for relevant departments. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.
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| CN202410823787.5ACN118641261A (en) | 2024-06-25 | 2024-06-25 | Mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method |
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| CN202410823787.5ACN118641261A (en) | 2024-06-25 | 2024-06-25 | Mobile soil pollution monitoring device and method |
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| CN117129654A (en)* | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 重庆市国土整治中心 | Mobile laboratory for homeland rehabilitation monitoring |
| CN117449845A (en)* | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 山东司南地理信息有限公司 | Soil sample collection equipment and method for geographic information exploration |
| CN220508453U (en)* | 2023-07-12 | 2024-02-20 | 海南国源土地矿产勘测规划设计院 | Adjustable soil sampling device |
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| WO2022134383A1 (en)* | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 徐州徐工环境技术有限公司 | Operation method for performing on-site detection by using contaminated site detection vehicle |
| CN114166546A (en)* | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中国环境科学研究院 | An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for depth-determining soil heavy metal monitoring system |
| CN218725785U (en)* | 2022-06-13 | 2023-03-24 | 哈工环境(哈尔滨)科技有限公司 | Soil gas volatile organic pollutant acquisition and detection device |
| CN116448498A (en)* | 2023-04-29 | 2023-07-18 | 河南工程学院 | Comprehensive sampling processing device for environment detection |
| CN220508453U (en)* | 2023-07-12 | 2024-02-20 | 海南国源土地矿产勘测规划设计院 | Adjustable soil sampling device |
| CN117129654A (en)* | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 重庆市国土整治中心 | Mobile laboratory for homeland rehabilitation monitoring |
| CN117449845A (en)* | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 山东司南地理信息有限公司 | Soil sample collection equipment and method for geographic information exploration |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20240913 |