技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及NFC天线增强相关技术领域，具体为一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法。The present invention relates to the technical field related to NFC antenna enhancement, and in particular to an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method.
背景技术Background Art
NFC模块放在门禁系统中，由于属于消费电子产品。需要过安规认证，射频发射与接收的功率都需要符合CE，FCC认证。且要符合低功耗原则，所以射频功率是非常小的。达不到上面所说的1米距离。通常都在3～5CM范围内。NFC模组的发射频距离的远近，除了与发射功率有关系外。还与模组的发射天线尺寸大小成正比例，天线尺寸越大，发射距离越远。门禁系统机器决大部分都装在户外，要过到防爆IK7级别。所以门禁机器都是全金属外壳，又厚又重。The NFC module is placed in the access control system. Since it is a consumer electronic product, it needs to pass safety certification. The power of radio frequency transmission and reception must comply with CE and FCC certification. And it must comply with the principle of low power consumption, so the radio frequency power is very small. It cannot reach the 1 meter distance mentioned above. It is usually within the range of 3 to 5CM. The distance of the NFC module's transmission frequency is not only related to the transmission power. It is also proportional to the size of the module's transmitting antenna. The larger the antenna size, the longer the transmission distance. Most of the access control system machines are installed outdoors and must pass the explosion-proof IK7 level. Therefore, the access control machines are all metal shells, thick and heavy.
由于机器外形大小限制，机器内部空间很小，需要将NFC模块需要把低频与高频同时做成一个模组，天线叠在一起。门禁系统机器的外壳是铝合金结构，要兼顾外观ID美观效果，又要兼顾整机的防暴要求。刷卡区域的金属开窗不能太大了。相对NFC天线，开窗小了。天线磁场强很大一部分都被金属外壳屏蔽了。而且机器内部NFC模块与电源模块，CPU DDR、摄像头，LCD显示屏距离都很近。机器内部噪声对NFC天线影响非常大。机器内部的干扰噪声也串拢进来了。编解码经常出错，好多时候刷卡距离达不到设计要求，甚至贴着机器刷，也无法刷到。NFC高，低频做成一个模组，NFC刷卡开窗只有一个。所以高、低频天线必须有一定距离的叠在一起。天线叠在一起后。高频天线与低频天线虽然不在同一个频段内，但相互之间的干扰还是存在的，对刷卡距离影响不小。Due to the size limitation of the machine, the internal space of the machine is very small. The NFC module needs to be made into a module with low frequency and high frequency at the same time, and the antennas are stacked together. The shell of the access control system machine is an aluminum alloy structure, which must take into account the appearance of the ID aesthetic effect and the anti-riot requirements of the whole machine. The metal window in the card swiping area cannot be too large. Compared with the NFC antenna, the window is small. A large part of the antenna magnetic field is shielded by the metal shell. Moreover, the NFC module and the power module, CPU DDR, camera, and LCD display inside the machine are very close. The noise inside the machine has a great impact on the NFC antenna. The interference noise inside the machine is also mixed in. Encoding and decoding often go wrong. Many times the card swiping distance does not meet the design requirements, and even if you swipe it close to the machine, you can't swipe it. NFC high and low frequencies are made into one module, and there is only one NFC card swiping window. Therefore, the high and low frequency antennas must be stacked together at a certain distance. After the antennas are stacked together. Although the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are not in the same frequency band, the interference between them still exists, which has a significant impact on the card swiping distance.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决现有技术存在NFC高，低频做成一个模组，NFC刷卡开窗只有一个。所以高、低频天线必须有一定距离的叠在一起。天线叠在一起后。高频天线与低频天线虽然不在同一个频段内，但相互之间的干扰还是存在的，对刷卡距离影响不小的缺陷，本发明提供一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法。In order to solve the problem that the NFC high and low frequencies are made into one module in the prior art, and there is only one NFC card swiping window. Therefore, the high and low frequency antennas must be stacked together at a certain distance. After the antennas are stacked together. Although the high frequency antenna and the low frequency antenna are not in the same frequency band, there is still interference between them, which has a significant impact on the card swiping distance. The present invention provides an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了如下的技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法，包括以下步骤The present invention provides an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method, comprising the following steps
步骤1：在FPCB板的正面上置设置正、负极连接点；Step 1: Set the positive and negative connection points on the front of the FPCB board;
步骤2：正极连接点的正极连接有正极导线，负极连接点连接有负极导线；Step 2: The positive electrode of the positive connection point is connected to a positive wire, and the negative connection point is connected to a negative wire;
步骤3：正极导线和负极导线由开始两个相反的方向的开始走线，从而内到外进行交错铺设；Step 3: The positive and negative wires are laid in opposite directions and then staggered from inside to outside.
步骤4：正极导线和负极导线的外端部连接形成环路，每当正极导线、负极导线有一次相交差时，采用过孔到背面，避开导线相交，短路；从而使得正极导线和负极导线形成双绞导线。Step 4: The outer ends of the positive wire and the negative wire are connected to form a loop. Whenever the positive wire and the negative wire intersect, a via is used to the back to avoid the intersection of the wires and short-circuit; thereby, the positive wire and the negative wire form a twisted pair of wires.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述正极导线按照按顺时针进行布线，负极导线按逆时针布线。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positive electrode wire is wired in a clockwise direction, and the negative electrode wire is wired in a counterclockwise direction.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述正极导线以及负极导线按照矩形布线方式进行布线，形成矩形环路，使得具有较小的环路面积。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positive electrode wire and the negative electrode wire are wired in a rectangular wiring manner to form a rectangular loop, so as to have a smaller loop area.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述的步骤1中的FPCB板的背面铺设有铜板，且所述铜板的铺设面积与正极导线以及负极导线按照矩形布线形成的环路面积一致；所述铜板上预留有过孔区域。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a copper plate is laid on the back of the FPCB board in step 1, and the laying area of the copper plate is consistent with the loop area formed by the positive and negative wires according to the rectangular wiring; a via area is reserved on the copper plate.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述正极导线和负极导线由开始两个相反的方向的开始走线，并形成双绞导线的天线增强方法是；As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positive and negative wires are routed in two opposite directions to form a twisted pair of wires. The antenna enhancement method is:
正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，当其中一根导线传输信号时，外部干扰在导线上产生的噪声会被另一根导线产生的电磁波部分或全部抵消，减少对外界的电磁干扰；The positive and negative wires are twisted together in opposite directions. When one of the wires transmits a signal, the noise generated by external interference on the wire will be partially or completely offset by the electromagnetic waves generated by the other wire, reducing electromagnetic interference to the outside world.
因为正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，这样两根导线上产生的相同噪声会相互抵消，这样在接收信号的差分电路中，可以将共模信号相互抵消，而提取出有用的差模信号。Because the positive wire and the negative wire are twisted together in opposite directions, the same noise generated on the two wires will cancel each other out. In this way, in the differential circuit that receives the signal, the common-mode signals can be canceled out and the useful differential-mode signal can be extracted.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，在利用综合布线系统来对双绞导线进行布线时中，将双绞导线的特性阻抗设为50Ω，与网络设备的接口阻抗匹配，以优化信噪比。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, when the twisted pair conductors are wired using the integrated wiring system, the characteristic impedance of the twisted pair conductors is set to 50Ω to match the interface impedance of the network device to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述的FPCB板双面胶贴在塑料支架上的。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the double-sided adhesive of the FPCB board is attached to the plastic bracket.
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案，所述FPCB板的规格为22mm*59mm。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specification of the FPCB board is 22mm*59mm.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、该种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法是在不改变天线尺寸，不改变机器外壳材质，也不改变内部结构位置的前提下。为达到抗干扰能力，提高刷卡距离。现我们将印刷线路板NFC天线走线改善成双绞导线走线形式。具体是将正极导线和负极导线由开始两个相反的方向的开始走线，并形成双绞导线的天线增强方法是；正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，当其中一根导线传输信号时，外部干扰在导线上产生的噪声会被另一根导线产生的电磁波部分或全部抵消，减少对外界的电磁干扰；因为正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，这样两根导线上产生的相同噪声会相互抵消，这样在接收信号的差分电路中，可以将共模信号相互抵消，而提取出有用的差模信号。1. The method of enhancing the NFC antenna for access control in this industry is based on the premise of not changing the size of the antenna, the material of the machine shell, or the position of the internal structure. In order to achieve anti-interference ability and increase the card swiping distance. Now we improve the routing of the NFC antenna on the printed circuit board into a twisted pair routing form. Specifically, the positive wire and the negative wire are routed in two opposite directions at the beginning, and the antenna enhancement method of forming a twisted pair of wires is: the positive wire and the negative wire are twisted together in opposite directions. When one of the wires transmits a signal, the noise generated by external interference on the wire will be partially or completely offset by the electromagnetic wave generated by the other wire, reducing electromagnetic interference to the outside world; because the positive wire and the negative wire are twisted together in opposite directions, the same noise generated on the two wires will cancel each other out, so that in the differential circuit of the received signal, the common mode signals can be offset against each other, and useful differential mode signals can be extracted.
2、该种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法正极导线以及负极导线按照矩形布线方式进行布线，形成矩形环路，使得具有较小的环路面积，降低其受到外部干扰信号的影响，因为环路面积越小，其耦合到的外部电磁干扰也相对减少。2. The positive and negative wires of this industry's access control NFC antenna enhancement method are wired in a rectangular wiring manner to form a rectangular loop, which has a smaller loop area and reduces the impact of external interference signals. Because the smaller the loop area, the less external electromagnetic interference it is coupled to.
3、该种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法中正极导线以及负极导线每当有一次相交差时，采用过孔到背面设计。避开导线相交，短路。从而为达到双绞线的原理，具有方便制造以及操作的特点。3. In this industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method, whenever the positive and negative wires intersect, a via-to-back design is used to avoid wire intersection and short circuit. This achieves the principle of twisted pair wires and is easy to manufacture and operate.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
在附图中：In the attached picture:
图1是本发明一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法的流程示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for enhancing an industry access control NFC antenna according to the present invention;
图2是本发明一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法的PCB板正面示意图；FIG2 is a front view of a PCB board of an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method of the present invention;
图3是本发明一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法的PCB板背面示意图。FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the back side of a PCB board of an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method of the present invention.
图中：1、PCB板；2、正极连接点；3、负极连接点；4、正极导线；5、负极导线；6、铜板。In the figure: 1. PCB board; 2. Positive connection point; 3. Negative connection point; 4. Positive wire; 5. Negative wire; 6. Copper plate.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.
实施例：如图1、图2、图3所示，本发明一种行业门禁NFC天线增强方法，在不改变天线尺寸，不改变机器外壳材质，也不改变内部结构位置的前提下。为达到抗干扰能力，提高刷卡距离。现我们将印刷线路板NFC天线走线改善成双绞导线走线形式，具体的走向如下所示，Embodiment: As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the present invention provides an industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method, without changing the antenna size, the machine shell material, or the internal structure position. In order to achieve anti-interference capability and increase the card swiping distance, we now improve the NFC antenna routing of the printed circuit board into a twisted pair wiring form, the specific routing is as follows,
步骤1：在FPCB板的正面上置设置正、负极连接点；为了天线与模组之间引线连接方便，FPCB板背面焊盘为天线的正负极连接点。Step 1: Set the positive and negative connection points on the front of the FPCB board; in order to facilitate the lead connection between the antenna and the module, the pads on the back of the FPCB board are the positive and negative connection points of the antenna.
步骤2：正极连接点的正极连接有正极导线，负极连接点连接有负极导线；Step 2: The positive electrode of the positive connection point is connected to a positive wire, and the negative connection point is connected to a negative wire;
步骤3：正极导线和负极导线由开始两个相反的方向的开始走线，从而内到外进行交错铺设；Step 3: The positive and negative wires are laid in opposite directions and then staggered from inside to outside.
步骤4：正极导线和负极导线的外端部连接形成环路，每当正极导线、负极导线有一次相交差时，采用过孔到背面，避开导线相交，短路；从而使得正极导线和负极导线形成双绞导线。Step 4: The outer ends of the positive wire and the negative wire are connected to form a loop. Whenever the positive wire and the negative wire intersect, a via is used to the back to avoid the intersection of the wires and short-circuit; thereby, the positive wire and the negative wire form a twisted pair of wires.
其中，所述正极导线按照按顺时针进行布线，负极导线按逆时针布线，或者所述负极导线按照按顺时针进行布线，正极导线按逆时针布线，只要满足正极导线和负极导线两个走向相反即可。所述正极导线和负极导线由开始两个相反的方向的开始走线，并形成双绞导线的天线增强方法是；The positive wire is wired in a clockwise direction and the negative wire is wired in a counterclockwise direction, or the negative wire is wired in a clockwise direction and the positive wire is wired in a counterclockwise direction, as long as the positive wire and the negative wire are wired in opposite directions. The antenna enhancement method in which the positive wire and the negative wire are wired in opposite directions and form a twisted pair of wires is:
正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，当其中一根导线传输信号时，外部干扰在导线上产生的噪声会被另一根导线产生的电磁波部分或全部抵消，减少对外界的电磁干扰；The positive and negative wires are twisted together in opposite directions. When one of the wires transmits a signal, the noise generated by external interference on the wire will be partially or completely offset by the electromagnetic waves generated by the other wire, reducing electromagnetic interference to the outside world.
因为正极导线和负极导线按相反的方向互相绞在一起，这样两根导线上产生的相同噪声会相互抵消，这样在接收信号的差分电路中，可以将共模信号相互抵消，而提取出有用的差模信号。Because the positive wire and the negative wire are twisted together in opposite directions, the same noise generated on the two wires will cancel each other out. In this way, in the differential circuit that receives the signal, the common-mode signals can be canceled out and the useful differential-mode signal can be extracted.
其中，所述正极导线以及负极导线按照矩形布线方式进行布线，形成矩形环路，使得具有较小的环路面积，降低其受到外部干扰信号的影响，因为环路面积越小，其耦合到的外部电磁干扰也相对减少，因为方形的比圆形的面积小，所以外部干扰效果较小。Among them, the positive and negative wires are wired in a rectangular wiring manner to form a rectangular loop, so that the loop area is smaller, reducing the impact of external interference signals. Because the smaller the loop area, the external electromagnetic interference coupled to it is relatively reduced. Because the area of the square is smaller than that of the circle, the external interference effect is smaller.
其中，所述的步骤1中的FPCB板的背面铺设有铜板，且所述铜板的铺设面积与正极导线以及负极导线按照矩形布线形成的环路面积一致；所述铜板上预留有过孔区域，这样避免导线与铜板接触，而造成短路。Among them, a copper plate is laid on the back of the FPCB board in step 1, and the laying area of the copper plate is consistent with the loop area formed by the positive wire and the negative wire according to the rectangular wiring; a via area is reserved on the copper plate to avoid contact between the wire and the copper plate and cause a short circuit.
其中，其中导线的宽度为w，正极导线以及负极导线之间的间距为d，单向形成的方形规格为n*m，在利用综合布线系统来对双绞导线进行布线时中，可以对各参数进行设计，从而使得将双绞导线的特性阻抗设为50Ω，与网络设备的接口阻抗匹配，以优化信噪比。所述的FPCB板双面胶贴在塑料支架上的。所述正极导线和负极导线呈交错等长布置，这样两根导线上产生的相同噪声会相互抵消，这样在接收信号的差分电路中，可以将共模信号相互抵消，而提取出有用的差模信号。Among them, the width of the wire is w, the spacing between the positive wire and the negative wire is d, and the square specification formed in one direction is n*m. When using the integrated wiring system to wire the twisted pair wires, the various parameters can be designed so that the characteristic impedance of the twisted pair wires is set to 50Ω, matching the interface impedance of the network equipment to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio. The double-sided tape of the FPCB board is attached to the plastic bracket. The positive wire and the negative wire are arranged in an interlaced and equal length, so that the same noise generated on the two wires will cancel each other, so that in the differential circuit of the received signal, the common mode signals can be canceled each other, and the useful differential mode signal can be extracted.
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410803937.6ACN118539157A (en) | 2024-06-20 | 2024-06-20 | Industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method |
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| CN202410803937.6ACN118539157A (en) | 2024-06-20 | 2024-06-20 | Industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method |
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| CN118539157Atrue CN118539157A (en) | 2024-08-23 |
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| CN202410803937.6APendingCN118539157A (en) | 2024-06-20 | 2024-06-20 | Industry access control NFC antenna enhancement method |
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| CN116315663A (en)* | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳芯盛思技术有限公司 | Anti-interference type receiving-transmitting integrated antenna based on differential transmitting and differential receiving mode |
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