技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及数控机床加工领域，具体涉及一种数控机床转台精度检测工装及其使用方法。The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tool processing, and in particular to a numerical control machine tool turntable precision detection tool and a use method thereof.
背景技术Background Art
目前数控机床转台精度普遍使用激光干涉仪和配套的工具进行检测，检测过程中的工具调整和激光光源调试完全依靠人工进行，存在检测效率低下，费时费力的缺点，使用该方法完成一台数控机床转台精度检测大约花费1小时。At present, the accuracy of CNC machine tool turntables is generally detected using laser interferometers and supporting tools. Tool adjustment and laser light source debugging during the detection process are completely dependent on manual work, which has the disadvantages of low detection efficiency, time-consuming and labor-intensive. It takes about 1 hour to complete the accuracy detection of a CNC machine tool turntable using this method.
现有技术如公开号为CN102566286A、名称为提高旋转台精度的方法的中国发明专利，其在旋转台上布置多个标记，分别对应不同角度，每旋转一个角度，对标记进行对准；该专利方法与传统的激光干涉仪检测方式类似，检测效率低下，无法满足智能车间数控机床精度快速检测需求；再如公开号为CN109822238A、名称为一种加工转台精度校正方法、装置、系统和储存介质的中国发明专利，该专利在转台上安装多个工位，并获取实际的旋转角度和电机旋转角度；该专利通过修改驱动电机参数的方式对转台精度进行校准。Existing technologies include a Chinese invention patent with publication number CN102566286A and titled "A method for improving the accuracy of a turntable". Multiple marks are arranged on the turntable, corresponding to different angles, and the marks are aligned every time the turntable rotates an angle. The patented method is similar to the traditional laser interferometer detection method, and has low detection efficiency, and cannot meet the needs of rapid accuracy detection of CNC machine tools in smart workshops. Another example is a Chinese invention patent with publication number CN109822238A and titled "A method, device, system and storage medium for calibrating the accuracy of a machining turntable". The patent installs multiple workstations on the turntable and obtains the actual rotation angle and motor rotation angle. The patent calibrates the turntable accuracy by modifying the drive motor parameters.
再如公开号为CN103831665A、名称为一种五轴机床旋转轴定位精度检测和校正方法的中国发明专利，其首先通过直棒检测与补偿RTCP精度，然后再利用相应角度RTCP精度与旋转轴定位精度的关系进行旋转轴定位精度校正；该专利方法依托RTCP精度对定位精度进行检测补偿，所得定位精度会带入RTCP精度误差，而定位精度误差也会影响RTCP精度，二者相互影响，导致定位精度误差检测结果不够准确，且该专利方法采用传统人工检测方法，效率低下，也无法保障检测数据的准确性。Another example is the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN103831665A, entitled A method for detecting and correcting the positioning accuracy of the rotating axis of a five-axis machine tool. It first detects and compensates the RTCP accuracy through a straight rod, and then uses the relationship between the corresponding angle RTCP accuracy and the rotating axis positioning accuracy to correct the rotating axis positioning accuracy. The patented method relies on the RTCP accuracy to detect and compensate for the positioning accuracy. The resulting positioning accuracy will bring about the RTCP accuracy error, and the positioning accuracy error will also affect the RTCP accuracy. The two affect each other, resulting in inaccurate positioning accuracy error detection results. In addition, the patented method uses traditional manual detection methods, which are inefficient and cannot guarantee the accuracy of the detection data.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请旨在解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，现提出一种数控机床转台精度检测工装及其使用方法。The present application aims to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and now proposes a CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool and a use method thereof.
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种数控机床转台精度检测工装，包括整体呈圆形的工装本体，工装本体的中间部位包含两层上下分布结构，第一层结构为正多边形，第二层结构为圆环，工装本体的上表面有四个尺寸一致的安装孔，呈90°均匀分布，第一层结构和第二层结构的上表面上均设置有多个检测点。A CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool includes a tool body that is generally circular. The middle part of the tool body includes two layers of upper and lower distribution structures. The first layer structure is a regular polygon and the second layer structure is a circular ring. The upper surface of the tool body has four mounting holes of the same size, which are evenly distributed at 90 degrees. Multiple detection points are arranged on the upper surfaces of the first layer structure and the second layer structure.
进一步地，所述正多边形的每一条边的平面度均一致。Furthermore, the flatness of each side of the regular polygon is consistent.
进一步地，所述圆环与第一层结构的正多边形同心。Furthermore, the circular ring is concentric with the regular polygon of the first layer structure.
进一步地，工装本体的上表面与底面均为高精度面，均为磨削制成，平面度误差≤0.005mm，两个平面平行度误差≤0.01mm。Furthermore, the upper surface and the bottom surface of the tooling body are both high-precision surfaces, both of which are ground, with a flatness error of ≤0.005mm and a parallelism error of the two planes of ≤0.01mm.
一种数控机床转台精度检测工装的使用方法，包含以下步骤：A method for using a CNC machine tool turntable accuracy detection tool comprises the following steps:
步骤S1.安装检测工装：将工装安装在转台中心凹槽处，调整工装上表面与工作台平行，调整工装第二层结构圆环与转台同心；工装与转台固定为一体，工装精度与反应转台精度等同；Step S1. Install the inspection tool: install the tool in the center groove of the turntable, adjust the upper surface of the tool to be parallel to the workbench, and adjust the second-layer structural ring of the tool to be concentric with the turntable; the tool and the turntable are fixed as one, and the tool accuracy is equal to the accuracy of the reaction turntable;
步骤S2.检测圆心三维坐标中的X和Y坐标：调用数控机床测头，检测工装第二层结构的圆环上四个检测点，四个检测点呈90°间隔分布；四个检测点的横坐标和纵坐标记为[]；将检测出的四个检测点坐标作最小二乘法拟合圆计算，将计算出的圆环二维圆心坐标记为（X、Y）；Step S2. Detect the X and Y coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the circle: call the CNC machine tool probe to detect four detection points on the ring of the second layer structure of the tooling, and the four detection points are distributed at 90° intervals; the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the four detection points are marked as [ ]; The coordinates of the four detected points are calculated by the least square method to fit the circle, and the calculated two-dimensional center coordinates of the circle are marked as (X, Y);
步骤S3. 检测圆心三维坐标中的Z坐标：移动机床测头至步骤S2中计算出的圆环二维圆心坐标，以此圆心为基准分别沿X轴/Y轴移动，检测工装上表面四个检测点的Z向坐标；四个检测点的Z向坐标记为（），取平均值计算得出圆环Z向坐标；Step S3. Detect the Z coordinate of the three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the circle: Move the machine tool probe to the two-dimensional coordinate of the center of the circle calculated in step S2, and move along the X-axis/Y-axis with the center of the circle as the reference to detect the Z coordinates of the four detection points on the upper surface of the tooling; the Z coordinates of the four detection points are marked as ( ), take the average value to calculate the Z coordinate of the ring;
步骤S4. 执行第一级判断：将计算出的圆环圆心三维坐标（X，Y，Z）与历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标进行比较，差值即为转台中心位置变化量；Step S4. Execute the first level judgment: compare the calculated three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the center of the ring with the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring detected in history, and the difference is the change in the center position of the turntable;
步骤S5.检测旋转误差：检测工装第一层结构为边数为n的正多边形，正多边形每一条边上设置有两个测量点；移动转台至0°时，检测第一条边的两个检测点记为[]；以第一条第边为检测基础，控制转台增量进给移动至角度，检测第二条边上的两个检测点的横纵坐标记为[]；分别以第一条边和第二条边上的四个检测点确认两条线，两条线相交得出夹角，因此以两条边上的四个检测点可计算出夹角；若转台移动角度时无旋转误差，此即为转台移动角度时的旋转误差；以此原理，控制转台增量进给移动（）角度，检测从第三条边至第n条边上的两个检测点的横纵坐标记为[]，计算出第三条边至第n条边上旋转误差；Step S5. Detect rotation error: The first layer structure of the detection tool is a regular polygon with n sides, and two measuring points are set on each side of the regular polygon; when the turntable is moved to 0°, the two detection points of the first side are recorded as [ ]; Based on the first edge, the turntable is controlled to move incrementally to Angle, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two detection points on the second edge are marked as [ ]; Use the four detection points on the first and second sides to confirm the two lines, and the intersection of the two lines will give the angle. Therefore, the angle can be calculated using the four detection points on the two sides. ; If the turntable moves There is no rotation error when the angle Turntable movement The rotation error at the angle is controlled by this principle to control the incremental feed movement of the turntable ( ) angle, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two detection points from the third edge to the nth edge are marked as [ ], calculate the rotation error from the third edge to the nth edge ;
步骤S6. 将检测出的旋转误差进行多项式拟合：根据数控系统转台定位误差补偿列表中存储的点数k，与检测工装第一层结构正多边形的边数n进行判断，若k=n时，可直接将步骤S5计算得到的旋转误差代入至补偿列表中，若k≠n时，则需对已检测出的旋转角度和对应的旋转误差作多项式拟合，以此输出更多检测角度的补偿值；Step S6. Fit the detected rotation error with a polynomial: According to the number of points k stored in the CNC system turntable positioning error compensation list and the number of sides n of the regular polygon of the first layer of the detection tooling, if k=n, the rotation error calculated in step S5 can be directly fitted. Substitute into the compensation list. If k≠n, a polynomial fitting is required for the detected rotation angle and the corresponding rotation error to output compensation values for more detected angles.
步骤S7.执行第二级判断：判断旋转误差λ的误差等级，以此输出相应动作，若旋转误差λ大于预设上阀值，则程序结束，输出红色报警；若旋转误差λ处于预设上阀值和预设下阀值之间时，则执行调整补偿程序，并再次检测；若旋转误差λ小于预设下阀值，则结束检测流程。Step S7. Execute the second level judgment: judge the error level of the rotation error λ, and output the corresponding action accordingly. If the rotation error λ is greater than the preset upper threshold, the program ends and a red alarm is output; if the rotation error λ is between the preset upper threshold and the preset lower threshold, the adjustment compensation program is executed and the test is performed again; if the rotation error λ is less than the preset lower threshold, the test process ends.
进一步地，所述步骤S2中将四个点的检测横纵坐标[]作最小二乘法拟合圆计算，计算公式如下：Furthermore, in step S2, the detected horizontal and vertical coordinates of the four points are [ ] Perform the least squares fitting circle calculation, the calculation formula is as follows:
最小二乘法拟合所得圆表达式中，为一次项系数，为一次项系数，为常数项系数，其计算方式如下：In the circle expression obtained by least squares fitting, for The coefficient of the first term, for The coefficient of the first term, is the constant term coefficient, which is calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
其中，N为检测点总数，为第个检测点的检测坐标，为求解最小二乘法拟合圆中各项系数计算过程中所需参数，其计算方式如下：Where N is the total number of detection points, For the The detection coordinates of the detection points, To solve the coefficients of the least squares fitting circle The parameters required in the calculation process are calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
则圆环二维圆心坐标。Then the two-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring are .
进一步地，所述步骤S3中检测工装上表面四个检测点需位于圆环的四个象限上；将四个检测点Z向坐标（）取平均值计算，得出圆环Z向坐标，即Furthermore, in step S3, the four detection points on the upper surface of the detection tooling must be located on the four quadrants of the ring; the Z-direction coordinates of the four detection points ( ) Take the average value and calculate the Z coordinate of the ring, that is,
进一步地，所述步骤S4中将计算出的圆环圆心三维坐标（X，Y，Z）与数历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标（）进行比较，计算出转台中心变化量，其中△X为X轴方向变化量，△Y为Y轴方向变化量，△Z为Z轴方向变化量。Furthermore, in step S4, the calculated three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the center of the ring are compared with the three-dimensional coordinates ( ) to compare and calculate the change of the turntable center , where △X is the change in the X-axis direction, △Y is the change in the Y-axis direction, and △Z is the change in the Z-axis direction.
进一步地，所述步骤S5中通过两条边上的四个检测点的横坐标和纵坐标[]，结合三角函数关系，计算出转台移动角度时的旋转误差Furthermore, in step S5, the horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates of the four detection points on the two edges are [ ], combined with the trigonometric function relationship, the turntable movement is calculated Rotation error at angle
计算出转台增量进给移动至时的旋转误差：Calculate the incremental feed movement of the rotary table to The rotation error :
。 .
进一步地，所述步骤S6中对检测出的旋转角度μ和对应的旋转误差λ作多项式拟合，多项式拟合表达式：，拟合系数将利用检测工装得到的旋转角度和旋转误差进行计算，计算公式如下：Furthermore, in step S6, a polynomial fitting is performed on the detected rotation angle μ and the corresponding rotation error λ, and the polynomial fitting expression is: , the fitting coefficient will be calculated using the rotation angle and rotation error obtained by the detection fixture. The calculation formula is as follows:
其中为多项式常数项，为多项式一次项，为多项式二次项，N为检测点总数，分别为检测出的第个旋转角度及其对应的旋转误差。in is the polynomial constant term, is a first-order polynomial, is the quadratic term of the polynomial, N is the total number of detection points, The detected The rotation angles and their corresponding rotation errors.
进一步地，步骤S7中数控程序将自动判断圆环圆心三维坐标变化量和旋转误差λ的误差等级，输出相应动作：Furthermore, in step S7, the numerical control program will automatically determine the error level of the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring and the rotation error λ, and output the corresponding action:
（1）第一级判断：若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z＜D时，D为预设阈值，无报警输出，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标；若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z≥D时，程序自动暂停，机床面板输出红色报警信息，同时系统自动将圆心精度以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查；(1) First-level judgment: If the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z is less than D, D is the preset threshold, no alarm is output, and the program automatically jumps to the next detection target; if the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z is greater than or equal to D, the program automatically pauses, the machine panel outputs a red alarm message, and the system automatically outputs the center accuracy in text form for maintenance personnel to check;
（2）第二级判断：(2) Second level judgment:
若转台旋转误差λ＜预设下阈值λE时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出提示信息；If the turntable rotation error λ<the preset lower threshold λE , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed, at which time a prompt message is output;
若预设上阈值λF≥转台旋转误差的λ≥预设下阈值λE时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成后，程序再次跳转，通过判断补偿点数与工装多边形边数，执行补偿值更新后的补偿列表程序；并输出提示信息；If the preset upper threshold λF ≥ the λ of the turntable rotation error ≥ the preset lower threshold λE , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target. After the last detection target is completed, the program jumps again and executes the compensation list program after the compensation value is updated by judging the number of compensation points and the number of edges of the tooling polygon; and outputs a prompt message;
若转台旋转误差λ＞预设上阈值λF时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出红色报警信息，同时系统自动将各项旋转误差以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查。If the turntable rotation error λ＞preset upper threshold λF , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed. At this time, a red alarm message is output. At the same time, the system automatically outputs each rotation error in text form for maintenance personnel to check.
本申请的优点在于：The advantages of this application are:
1、本发明的检测工装将快速检测工装安装在转台回转中心上，与转台形成一体，通过机床装载的测头自动检测工装上的检测面，达到快速检测评价转台精度的目的，检测时间只需5分钟，极大提高检测效率。1. The detection tooling of the present invention installs the rapid detection tooling on the rotation center of the turntable, forming an integral body with the turntable. The detection surface on the tooling is automatically detected by the probe loaded on the machine tool, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid detection and evaluation of the turntable accuracy. The detection time only takes 5 minutes, which greatly improves the detection efficiency.
2、本发明的使用方法在检测与补偿过程完全摆脱人工干预，能够做到作业过程准确有效，有效提高作业效率。2. The method of using the present invention completely gets rid of human intervention in the detection and compensation process, can make the operation process accurate and effective, and effectively improve the operation efficiency.
3、本发明的使用方法能够自动检测与补偿转台精度偏差，有效避免人工操作带来的误差影响。3. The use method of the present invention can automatically detect and compensate for the turntable precision deviation, effectively avoiding the influence of errors caused by manual operation.
4、本发明的使用方法提高了机床精度检测自动化运行程度，合理提升精度检测频次，有效避免因精度偏差导致的零件报废。4. The use method of the present invention improves the degree of automation of machine tool precision detection, reasonably increases the frequency of precision detection, and effectively avoids the scrapping of parts due to precision deviation.
5、本发明的使用方法计算出转台中心三维坐标的变化量和转台的旋转误差，程序自动判断误差等级，并执行相应动作。将工装安装在转台中心凹槽处，与转台固定为一体，一次安装，永久使用；通过运行事先编译的检测程序自动调用机床测头快速检测工装的检测面，检测完成后自动评价转台精度变化；整个检测过程完全依靠程序自动运行，无人工干预，具有人员要求低、高效检测等优点。5. The method of using the present invention calculates the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the turntable and the rotation error of the turntable. The program automatically determines the error level and performs corresponding actions. The tooling is installed in the groove at the center of the turntable and fixed to the turntable as a whole. Once installed, it can be used permanently. By running the pre-compiled detection program, the machine tool probe is automatically called to quickly detect the detection surface of the tooling. After the detection is completed, the turntable accuracy change is automatically evaluated. The entire detection process completely relies on the automatic operation of the program without manual intervention, and has the advantages of low personnel requirements and efficient detection.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明的检测工装正面示意图。FIG. 1 is a front schematic diagram of the detection tooling of the present invention.
图2是本发明的检测工装背面示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the back side of the detection tooling of the present invention.
图3是本发明的检测工装正视图。FIG. 3 is a front view of the detection tooling of the present invention.
图4是本发明的检测工装上表面测量点位分布图。FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of measurement points on the upper surface of the detection tooling of the present invention.
图5是本发明的检测工装圆环测量点位分布图。FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of measuring points of the detection tool ring of the present invention.
图6是本发明的检测工装正多边形测量点位分布图。FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of regular polygon measurement points of the detection tooling of the present invention.
图7是本发明的检测工装使用方法的流程图。FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for using the detection tooling of the present invention.
图中：1-第一条边，2-第二条边，3-第三条边，4-第四条边，5-第五条边，6-第六条边，7-上表面，8-圆环，9-安装孔，10-底面，11-上表面第一测量点，12-上表面第二测量点，13-上表面第三测量点，14-上表面第四测量点，15-圆环第一测量点，16-圆环第二测量点，17-圆环第三测量点，18-圆环第四测量点，19-第一条边检测点，20-第二条边检测点，21-第三条边检测点，22-第四条边检测点，23-第五条边检测点，24-第六条边检测点。In the figure: 1-first side, 2-second side, 3-third side, 4-fourth side, 5-fifth side, 6-sixth side, 7-upper surface, 8-circular ring, 9-mounting hole, 10-bottom surface, 11-first measuring point of upper surface, 12-second measuring point of upper surface, 13-third measuring point of upper surface, 14-fourth measuring point of upper surface, 15-first measuring point of circular ring, 16-second measuring point of circular ring, 17-third measuring point of circular ring, 18-fourth measuring point of circular ring, 19-first side detection point, 20-second side detection point, 21-third side detection point, 22-fourth side detection point, 23-fifth side detection point, 24-sixth side detection point.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“竖直”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
本发明的基于轮廓约束优化的飞机表面特征分割方法，基于深度学习网络完成对图像中目标的分割任务。通过特征提取主干网络学习图像中的特征信息，再基于该特征信息，拟合目标的外轮廓约束，并初步分割出图像中的待分割目标，最后使用目标轮廓约束来优化分割结果，实现高精度地分割图像中每一个目标实例。The aircraft surface feature segmentation method based on contour constraint optimization of the present invention completes the segmentation task of the target in the image based on the deep learning network. The feature information in the image is learned through the feature extraction backbone network, and then the outer contour constraint of the target is fitted based on the feature information, and the target to be segmented in the image is preliminarily segmented. Finally, the target contour constraint is used to optimize the segmentation result, so as to achieve high-precision segmentation of each target instance in the image.
实施例1Example 1
如图1-图6所示，一种数控机床转台精度检测工装，包括整体呈圆形的工装本体，工装本体的中间部位包含两层上下分布结构，第一层结构为正多边形，第二层结构为圆环8，工装本体的上表面7有四个尺寸一致的安装孔9，呈90°均匀分布，所述工装的上表面7和底面10均有精度要求。第一层结构和第二层结构的上表面7上均设置有多个检测点。As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool includes a tool body that is generally circular, and the middle part of the tool body includes two layers of upper and lower distribution structures, the first layer structure is a regular polygon, and the second layer structure is a ring 8. The upper surface 7 of the tool body has four mounting holes 9 of the same size, which are evenly distributed at 90 degrees. The upper surface 7 and the bottom surface 10 of the tool have precision requirements. Multiple detection points are set on the upper surface 7 of the first layer structure and the second layer structure.
进一步地，所述正多边形的每一条边的平面度均一致，可减少机床测头检测误差。Furthermore, the flatness of each side of the regular polygon is consistent, which can reduce the detection error of the machine tool probe.
进一步地，所述圆环8与第一层结构的正多边形同心，圆环8用于工装安装时调整与转台同心。Furthermore, the circular ring 8 is concentric with the regular polygon of the first layer structure, and the circular ring 8 is used to adjust the concentricity with the turntable during the installation of the tooling.
进一步地，工装本体的上表面7与底面10均为高精度面，均为磨削制成，平面度误差≤0.005mm，两个平面平行度误差≤0.01mm。Furthermore, the upper surface 7 and the bottom surface 10 of the tool body are both high-precision surfaces, both of which are made by grinding, with a flatness error of ≤0.005mm and a parallelism error of the two planes of ≤0.01mm.
实施例2Example 2
如图7所示，一种数控机床转台精度检测工装的使用方法包含以下步骤：As shown in FIG. 7 , a method for using a CNC machine tool turntable accuracy detection tool comprises the following steps:
步骤S1.安装检测工装：将工装安装在转台中心凹槽处，调整工装上表面与工作台平行，调整工装第二层结构圆环与转台同心；工装与转台固定为一体，工装精度与反应转台精度等同；Step S1. Install the inspection tool: install the tool in the center groove of the turntable, adjust the upper surface of the tool to be parallel to the workbench, and adjust the second-layer structural ring of the tool to be concentric with the turntable; the tool and the turntable are fixed as one, and the tool accuracy is equal to the accuracy of the reaction turntable;
步骤S2.检测圆心三维坐标中的X和Y坐标：调用数控机床测头，检测工装第二层结构的圆环上四个检测点，四个检测点呈90°间隔分布；四个检测点的横坐标和纵坐标记为[]；将检测出的四个检测点坐标作最小二乘法拟合圆计算，将计算出的圆环二维圆心坐标记为（X、Y）；Step S2. Detect the X and Y coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the circle: call the CNC machine tool probe to detect four detection points on the ring of the second layer structure of the tooling, and the four detection points are distributed at 90° intervals; the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the four detection points are marked as [ ]; The coordinates of the four detected points are calculated by the least square method to fit the circle, and the calculated two-dimensional center coordinates of the circle are marked as (X, Y);
步骤S3. 检测圆心三维坐标中的Z坐标：移动机床测头至步骤S2中计算出的圆环二维圆心坐标，以此圆心为基准分别沿X轴/Y轴移动，检测工装上表面四个检测点的Z向坐标；四个检测点的Z向坐标记为（），取平均值计算得出圆环Z向坐标；Step S3. Detect the Z coordinate of the three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the circle: Move the machine tool probe to the two-dimensional coordinate of the center of the circle calculated in step S2, and move along the X-axis/Y-axis with the center of the circle as the reference to detect the Z coordinates of the four detection points on the upper surface of the tooling; the Z coordinates of the four detection points are marked as ( ), take the average value to calculate the Z coordinate of the ring;
步骤S4. 执行第一级判断：将计算出的圆环圆心三维坐标（X，Y，Z）与历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标进行比较，历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标是指在机床其他几何精度都满足要求的情况下，用此程序检测出的第一个三维坐标，将此坐标作为基准坐标，以后每次执行此程序时都将此三维坐标作为判断基准，差值即为转台中心位置变化量；Step S4. Execute the first level judgment: compare the calculated three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the center of the ring with the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring detected in history. The three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring detected in history refer to the first three-dimensional coordinates detected by this program when other geometric precisions of the machine tool meet the requirements. This coordinate is used as the reference coordinate. Each subsequent execution of this program uses this three-dimensional coordinate as the judgment reference. The difference is the change in the center position of the turntable.
步骤S5.检测旋转误差：检测工装第一层结构为边数为n的正多边形，正多边形每一条边上设置有两个测量点，同一条边上的两个测量点尽量避开在极限位置检测，也尽量避开两个点靠的太近，例如可以分布在所属边边长的¼处和¾处；移动转台至0°时，检测第一条边的两个检测点记为[]；以第一条边为检测基础，控制转台增量进给移动至角度，检测第二条边上的两个检测点的横纵坐标记为[]；分别以第一条边和第二条边上的四个检测点确认两条线，两条线相交得出夹角，因此以两条边上的四个检测点可计算出夹角；若转台移动角度时无旋转误差，则无限接近于0，此即为转台移动角度时的旋转误差；以此原理，控制转台增量进给移动（）角度，检测从第三条边至第n条边上的两个检测点的横纵坐标记为[]，计算出第三条边至第n条边上旋转误差；Step S5. Detection of rotation error: The first layer structure of the detection tool is a regular polygon with n sides. Two measuring points are set on each side of the regular polygon. The two measuring points on the same side are detected as far as possible without being detected at the extreme position, and also as far as possible without being too close to each other. For example, they can be distributed at ¼ and ¾ of the length of the corresponding side. When the turntable is moved to 0°, the two detection points of the first side are recorded as [ ]; Based on the first edge, the rotary table is controlled to move incrementally to Angle, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two detection points on the second edge are marked as [ ]; Use the four detection points on the first and second sides to confirm the two lines, and the intersection of the two lines will give the angle. Therefore, the angle can be calculated using the four detection points on the two sides. ; If the turntable moves There is no rotation error when the angle is Infinitely close to 0, this Turntable movement The rotation error at the angle is controlled by this principle to control the incremental feed movement of the turntable ( ) angle, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two detection points from the third edge to the nth edge are marked as [ ], calculate the rotation error from the third edge to the nth edge ;
步骤S6. 将检测出的旋转误差进行多项式拟合：根据数控系统转台定位误差补偿列表中存储的点数k，与检测工装第一层结构正多边形的边数n进行判断，若k=n时，可直接将步骤S5计算得到的旋转误差代入至补偿列表中，若k≠n时，则需对已检测出的旋转角度和对应的旋转误差作多项式拟合，以此输出更多检测角度的补偿值；步骤S6为步骤S5延伸，若K=n，则不需要此步骤，若K≠n，则需要此步骤。Step S6. Fit the detected rotation error with a polynomial: According to the number of points k stored in the CNC system turntable positioning error compensation list and the number of sides n of the regular polygon of the first layer of the detection tooling, if k=n, the rotation error calculated in step S5 can be directly fitted. Substitute into the compensation list. If k≠n, a polynomial fitting is required for the detected rotation angle and the corresponding rotation error to output compensation values for more detected angles. Step S6 is an extension of step S5. If K=n, this step is not required. If K≠n, this step is required.
步骤S7.执行第二级判断：程序自动判断旋转误差λ的误差等级，以此输出相应动作，若旋转误差λ大于预设上阀值，则程序结束，输出红色报警；若旋转误差λ处于预设上阀值和预设下阀值之间时，则执行调整补偿程序，并再次检测；若旋转误差λ小于预设下阀值，则结束检测流程。可在程序中设定旋转误差预设上阀值和预设下阀值，程序自动调用旋转误差λ与预设阀值进行比较。Step S7. Execute the second level judgment: the program automatically judges the error level of the rotation error λ, and outputs the corresponding action. If the rotation error λ is greater than the preset upper threshold, the program ends and a red alarm is output; if the rotation error λ is between the preset upper threshold and the preset lower threshold, the adjustment compensation program is executed and the test is performed again; if the rotation error λ is less than the preset lower threshold, the test process ends. The preset upper threshold and preset lower threshold of the rotation error can be set in the program, and the program automatically calls the rotation error λ to compare with the preset threshold.
进一步地，所述步骤S2中将四个点的检测横纵坐标[]作最小二乘法拟合圆计算，计算公式如下：Furthermore, in step S2, the detected horizontal and vertical coordinates of the four points are [ ] Perform the least squares fitting circle calculation, the calculation formula is as follows:
最小二乘法拟合所得圆表达式中，为一次项系数，为一次项系数，为常数项系数，其计算方式如下：In the circle expression obtained by least squares fitting, for The coefficient of the first term, for The coefficient of the first term, is the constant term coefficient, which is calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
其中，N为检测点总数，为第个检测点的检测坐标，为求解最小二乘法拟合圆中各项系数计算过程中所需参数，其计算方式如下：Where N is the total number of detection points, For the The detection coordinates of the detection points, To solve the coefficients of the least squares fitting circle The parameters required in the calculation process are calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
则圆环二维圆心坐标。Then the two-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring are .
步骤S3中检测工装上表面四个检测点需位于圆环的四个象限上，能够有效反应圆环整体水平状态；将四个检测点Z向坐标（）取平均值计算，得出圆环Z向坐标，即In step S3, the four detection points on the upper surface of the detection tooling must be located on the four quadrants of the ring, which can effectively reflect the overall horizontal state of the ring; the Z coordinates of the four detection points ( ) Take the average value and calculate the Z coordinate of the ring, that is,
步骤S4中将计算出的圆环圆心三维坐标（X，Y，Z）与数历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标（）进行比较，计算出转台中心变化量：，其中△X为X轴方向变化量，△Y为Y轴方向变化量，△Z为Z轴方向变化量。In step S4, the calculated three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the center of the ring are compared with the three-dimensional coordinates ( ) to compare and calculate the change of the turntable center: , where △X is the change in the X-axis direction, △Y is the change in the Y-axis direction, and △Z is the change in the Z-axis direction.
步骤S5中通过两条边上的四个检测点的横坐标和纵坐标[]，结合三角函数关系，计算出夹角，即转台移动角度时的旋转误差In step S5, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the four detection points on the two edges are [ ], combined with the trigonometric function relationship, the included angle is calculated, that is, the turntable moves Rotation error at angle
以此类推，可计算出转台增量进给移动至时的旋转误差：By analogy, the incremental feed movement of the rotary table can be calculated. The rotation error :
。 .
步骤S6中对检测出的旋转角度μ和对应的旋转误差λ作多项式拟合，多项式拟合表达式：，拟合系数将利用检测工装得到的旋转角度和旋转误差进行计算，计算公式如下：In step S6, a polynomial fitting is performed on the detected rotation angle μ and the corresponding rotation error λ, and the polynomial fitting expression is: , the fitting coefficient will be calculated using the rotation angle and rotation error obtained by the detection fixture. The calculation formula is as follows:
其中为多项式常数项，为多项式一次项，为多项式二次项，N为检测点总数，分别为检测出的第个旋转角度及其对应的旋转误差；根据补偿列表存储点数要求，将更多的待补偿角度μ带入上述公式中，从而计算出其它待补偿角度下的误差补偿值。in is the polynomial constant term, is a first-order polynomial, is the quadratic term of the polynomial, N is the total number of detection points, The detected rotation angles and their corresponding rotation errors; according to the storage point requirements of the compensation list, more angles to be compensated μ are brought into the above formula to calculate the error compensation values at other angles to be compensated .
步骤S7中数控程序将自动判断圆环圆心三维坐标变化量和旋转误差λ的误差等级，输出相应动作：In step S7, the numerical control program will automatically determine the error level of the three-dimensional coordinate change of the center of the ring and the rotation error λ, and output the corresponding action:
（1）第一级判断：若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z＜D时，D为预设阈值，无报警输出，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标；若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z≥D时，程序自动暂停，机床面板输出红色报警信息：《圆心精度超差，请维修人员检查确认》，同时系统自动将圆心精度以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查；(1) First-level judgment: If the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z is less than D, D is the preset threshold, no alarm is output, and the program automatically jumps to the next detection target; if the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z is greater than or equal to D, the program automatically pauses, and the machine panel outputs a red alarm message: "The center accuracy is out of tolerance, please check and confirm with maintenance personnel". At the same time, the system automatically outputs the center accuracy in text form for maintenance personnel to check;
（2）第二级判断：(2) Second level judgment:
若转台旋转误差λ＜预设下阈值λE时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出提示信息：《检测完成，精度正常，可以进行加工任务》；If the turntable rotation error λ<the preset lower threshold λE , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed, at which time the prompt message is output: "Detection completed, accuracy is normal, processing task can be carried out";
若预设上阈值λF≥转台旋转误差的λ≥预设下阈值λE时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成后，程序再次跳转，通过判断补偿点数与工装多边形边数，执行补偿值更新后的补偿列表程序；并输出提示信息：《补偿完成，请重新执行检测程序》；If the preset upper threshold λF ≥ the λ of the turntable rotation error ≥ the preset lower threshold λE , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target. After the last detection target is completed, the program jumps again and executes the compensation list program after the compensation value is updated by judging the number of compensation points and the number of edges of the tooling polygon; and outputs a prompt message: "Compensation completed, please re-execute the detection program";
若转台旋转误差λ＞预设上阈值λF时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出红色报警信息：《旋转精度超差，请维修人员检查确认》，同时系统自动将各项旋转误差以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查。If the turntable rotation error λ＞preset upper threshold λF , the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed. At this time, a red alarm message is output: "Rotation accuracy exceeds tolerance, please check and confirm by maintenance personnel". At the same time, the system automatically outputs each rotation error in text form for maintenance personnel to check.
实施例3Example 3
一种数控机床转台精度快速检测工装，如图1和图2所示，所述工装整体呈圆形，中间部位包含两层形状上下分布，第一层为正六边形，包含第一条边1、第二条边2、第三条边3、第四条边4、第五条边5和第六条边6，每一条边的平面度均为一致，可减少机床测头检测误差；第二层为圆环8，与第一层的正六边形同心，圆环8用于工装安装时与调整与转台同心。工装上表面7有四个尺寸一致的安装孔9，呈90°均匀分布，用于工装与转台中心固定。工装上表面7与底面10均为高精度面，磨削制成，平面度误差≤0.005mm，两个平面平行度误差≤0.01mm。A tool for rapid detection of precision of a CNC machine tool turntable, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the tool is circular as a whole, and the middle part includes two layers of shapes distributed up and down. The first layer is a regular hexagon, including a first side 1, a second side 2, a third side 3, a fourth side 4, a fifth side 5 and a sixth side 6. The flatness of each side is consistent, which can reduce the detection error of the machine tool probe; the second layer is a circular ring 8, which is concentric with the regular hexagon of the first layer. The circular ring 8 is used to adjust the concentricity with the turntable during the installation of the tool. The upper surface 7 of the tool has four mounting holes 9 of the same size, evenly distributed at 90°, which are used to fix the tool to the center of the turntable. The upper surface 7 and the bottom surface 10 of the tool are both high-precision surfaces, which are ground, with a flatness error of ≤0.005mm and a parallelism error of ≤0.01mm between the two planes.
一种数控机床转台精度快速检测工装，安装步骤如下：A CNC machine tool turntable precision rapid detection tool, the installation steps are as follows:
1、清洁擦拭转台中心凹槽，将工装安装在凹槽处，按紧固螺钉额定预紧力的30％进行预紧。1. Clean and wipe the center groove of the turntable, install the tooling in the groove, and pre-tighten it according to 30% of the rated pre-tightening force of the fastening screws.
2、将千分表吸附在主轴上，摆正表针沿Z向架设，移动Y轴和Z轴，使千分表表针接触到工装上表面，分别移动X和Y轴，快速检测工装分别沿X向和沿Y向的平面度，若平面度≥0.01mm，则在工装底面垫相应厚度的垫片，以保证工装平面度＜0.01mm。2. Attach the dial indicator to the spindle, align the needle along the Z direction, move the Y and Z axes so that the needle of the dial indicator touches the upper surface of the tooling, move the X and Y axes respectively, and quickly check the flatness of the tooling along the X and Y directions. If the flatness is ≥0.01mm, place a gasket of corresponding thickness on the bottom surface of the tooling to ensure that the flatness of the tooling is less than 0.01mm.
3、重新摆正架设千分表姿态，使表针沿Y向架设，移动Y轴和Z轴，使千分表表针接触到第二层圆环上，分别移动转台至0°、90°、180°、270°、360°，记录各自角度时的千分表读数；沿Y向用铜棒轻敲圆环外侧，使千分表读数保持在0°和180°时记录读数的中间数值；沿X向用铜棒轻敲圆环外侧，使千分表读数保持在90°和270°时记录读数的中间数值；循环此调整步骤使工装与转台同心度＜0.01mm。3. Re-adjust the dial indicator so that the needle is set along the Y direction. Move the Y and Z axes so that the dial indicator needle touches the second ring. Move the turntable to 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, and 360° respectively, and record the dial indicator readings at each angle. Tap the outer side of the ring along the Y direction with a copper rod so that the dial indicator reading remains at the middle value between 0° and 180°. Tap the outer side of the ring along the X direction with a copper rod so that the dial indicator reading remains at the middle value between 90° and 270°. Repeat this adjustment step to make the concentricity of the tooling and the turntable <0.01mm.
4、分别按预紧螺钉额定预紧力的50％、75％、100％进行预紧，螺钉预紧顺序按对角预紧进行，预紧完成后再次快速检测工装平面度和与转台的同心度。4. Pre-tighten the pre-tightening screws at 50%, 75% and 100% of the rated pre-tightening force respectively. The pre-tightening sequence of the screws should be diagonal. After the pre-tightening is completed, quickly check the flatness of the tooling and the concentricity with the turntable again.
如图7所示，一种数控机床转台精度快速检测工装的使用方法如下：As shown in FIG. 7 , a method for using a CNC machine tool turntable precision rapid detection tool is as follows:
1、运行事先编译好的测量程序，调用数控机床测头，检测工装第二层的圆环8上四个检测点，四个检测点分别为圆环第一测量点15、圆环第二测量点16、圆环第三测量点17和圆环第四测量点18，如图5所示，四个点呈90°间隔分步；四个检测点坐标记为[]；将检测出的四个检测点坐标作最小二乘法拟合圆计算，将计算出的圆环二维圆心坐标记为（X、Y）；计算公式如下：1. Run the pre-compiled measurement program, call the CNC machine tool probe, and detect four detection points on the ring 8 of the second layer of the tooling. The four detection points are the first measurement point 15 of the ring, the second measurement point 16 of the ring, the third measurement point 17 of the ring, and the fourth measurement point 18 of the ring. As shown in Figure 5, the four points are divided into steps at 90° intervals; the coordinates of the four detection points are marked as [ ]; the coordinates of the four detected points are calculated by the least square method to fit the circle, and the calculated two-dimensional center coordinates of the circle are marked as (X, Y); the calculation formula is as follows:
最小二乘法拟合所得圆表达式中，为一次项系数，为一次项系数，为常数项系数，其计算方式如下：In the circle expression obtained by least squares fitting, for The coefficient of the first term, for The coefficient of the first term, is the constant term coefficient, which is calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
其中，N为检测点总数，为第个检测点的检测坐标，为求解最小二乘法拟合圆中各项系数计算过程中所需参数，其计算方式如下：Where N is the total number of detection points, For the The detection coordinates of the detection points, To solve the coefficients of the least squares fitting circle The parameters required in the calculation process are calculated as follows:
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
； ;
则圆环二维圆心坐标。Then the two-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring are .
2、移动机床测头至上述步骤S2中计算出的圆心坐标，以此圆心为基准分别沿X轴/Y轴移动，检测工装的上表面7的四个检测点的Z向坐标，四个检测点分别为上表面第一测量点11、上表面第二测量点12、上表面第三测量点13、上表面第四测量点14，如图4所示，四个检测点坐标记为（），取平均值计算得出圆环Z向坐标，即。2. Move the machine tool probe to the center coordinates calculated in step S2, and move along the X-axis/Y-axis with the center as the reference to detect the Z-direction coordinates of the four detection points on the upper surface 7 of the tooling. The four detection points are the first measurement point 11 on the upper surface, the second measurement point 12 on the upper surface, the third measurement point 13 on the upper surface, and the fourth measurement point 14 on the upper surface. As shown in FIG. 4, the coordinates of the four detection points are marked as ( ), take the average value to calculate the Z coordinate of the ring, that is .
3、将计算出的圆环圆心三维坐标（X，Y，Z）与数历史检测出的圆环圆心三维坐标（）进行比较，计算出转台中心变化量：。3. Compare the calculated three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the center of the ring with the three-dimensional coordinates ( ) to compare and calculate the change of the turntable center: .
4、执行第一级判断：若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z＜D（预设阈值）时，无报警输出，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标；若圆环圆心三维坐标变化量△X/△Y/△Z≥D（预设阈值）时，程序自动暂停，机床面板输出红色报警信息：《圆心精度超差，请维修人员检查确认》，同时系统自动将圆心精度以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查。4. Execute the first level judgment: If the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z < D (preset threshold), there is no alarm output and the program automatically jumps to the next detection target; if the change in the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the ring △X/△Y/△Z ≥ D (preset threshold), the program automatically pauses, and the machine tool panel outputs a red alarm message: "The center accuracy is out of tolerance, please check and confirm by maintenance personnel", and the system automatically outputs the center accuracy in text form for maintenance personnel to check.
5、检测工装第一层正多边形，每一条边上检测两个点，分别是两个第一条边检测点19、两个第二条边检测点20、两个第三条边检测点21、两个第四条边检测点22、两个第五条边检测点23和两个第六条边检测点24。同一边的两个检测点分布在边长的¼处和¾处，如图6所示；移动转台至0°时，检测第一条边的两个检测点记为[]；以第一条边为检测基础，控制转台增量进给移动至角度，检测第二条边上的两个检测点记为[]；分别以第一条边和第二条边上的四个检测点确认两条线，两条线相交得出夹角，因此以两条边上的四个检测点可计算出夹角；若转台移动角度时无旋转误差，则无限接近于0，此即为转台移动角度时的旋转误差，如图3所示；以此原理，控制转台增量进给移动（）角度，检测每一条边上的两个检测点记为[]，计算出旋转误差；则转台移动至角度时的旋转误差：5. Test the first layer of regular polygons of the tooling. Test two points on each side, namely two first side test points 19, two second side test points 20, two third side test points 21, two fourth side test points 22, two fifth side test points 23 and two sixth side test points 24. The two test points on the same side are distributed at ¼ and ¾ of the side length, as shown in Figure 6; when the turntable is moved to 0°, the two test points on the first side are recorded as [ ]; Based on the first edge, the rotary table is controlled to move incrementally to Angle, detect the two detection points on the second edge and record them as [ ]; Use the four detection points on the first and second sides to confirm the two lines, and the intersection of the two lines will give the angle. Therefore, the angle can be calculated using the four detection points on the two sides. ; If the turntable moves There is no rotation error when the angle is Infinitely close to 0, this Turntable movement The rotation error at the angle is shown in Figure 3. Based on this principle, the incremental feed movement of the turntable is controlled ( ) angle, detect the two detection points on each edge and record them as [ ], calculate the rotation error ; then the turntable moves to Rotation error at angle:
以此类推，可计算出转台增量进给移动至时的旋转误差：By analogy, the incremental feed movement of the rotary table can be calculated. The rotation error at:
6、根据数控系统转台定位误差补偿列表中存储的点数k，与检测工装第一层正多边形n进行判断，若k=n时，可直接将步骤S5计算得到的旋转误差代入至补偿列表中，若k≠n时，则需对已检测出的旋转角度和对应的旋转误差作多项式拟合，以此输出更多检测角度的补偿值；拟合系数将利用检测工装得到的旋转角度和旋转误差进行计算，计算公式如下：6. According to the number of points k stored in the CNC system turntable positioning error compensation list and the regular polygon n of the first layer of the detection tooling, if k=n, the rotation error calculated in step S5 can be directly used. Substitute into the compensation list. If k≠n, a polynomial fitting is required for the detected rotation angle and the corresponding rotation error to output compensation values for more detection angles. The fitting coefficient is calculated using the rotation angle and rotation error obtained by the detection tooling. The calculation formula is as follows:
其中为多项式常数项，为多项式一次项，为多项式二次项，N为检测点总数，分别为检测出的第个旋转角度及其对应的旋转误差；得到多项式拟合表达式：；根据补偿列表存储点数要求，将更多的待补偿角度μ带入上述公式中，从而计算出其它待补偿角度下的误差补偿值；如将角度带入公式中，计算出对应补偿值。in is the polynomial constant term, is a first-order polynomial, is the quadratic term of the polynomial, N is the total number of detection points, The detected rotation angles and their corresponding rotation errors; the polynomial fitting expression is obtained: ; According to the requirement of the number of points stored in the compensation list, more angles to be compensated μ are brought into the above formula to calculate the error compensation values at other angles to be compensated ; If the angle Substitute into the formula to calculate the corresponding compensation value .
7、执行第二级判断：若转台旋转误差λ＜λE（预设下阈值）时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出提示信息：《检测完成，精度正常，可以进行加工任务》；7. Execute the second level judgment: If the turntable rotation error λ＜λE (preset lower threshold), the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed. At this time, the prompt message is output: "Detection completed, accuracy is normal, and processing tasks can be carried out";
若转台旋转误差λF（预设上阈值）≥λ≥λE（预设下阈值）时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成后，程序再次跳转，通过判断补偿点数与工装多边形边数，执行补偿值更新后的补偿列表程序；并输出提示信息：《补偿完成，请重新执行检测程序》；If the turntable rotation error λF (preset upper threshold) ≥λ ≥λE (preset lower threshold), the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed, the program jumps again, and executes the compensation list program after the compensation value is updated by judging the number of compensation points and the number of edges of the tooling polygon; and outputs a prompt message: "Compensation completed, please re-execute the detection program";
若转台旋转误差λ＞λF（预设上阈值）时，程序自动跳转至下一检测目标，直至最后一个检测目标完成，此时输出红色报警信息：《旋转精度超差，请维修人员检查确认》，同时系统自动将各项旋转误差以文本形式输出，以便维修人员检查；If the turntable rotation error λ＞λF (preset upper threshold), the program automatically jumps to the next detection target until the last detection target is completed. At this time, a red alarm message is output: "Rotation accuracy exceeds tolerance, please check and confirm by maintenance personnel". At the same time, the system automatically outputs various rotation errors in text form for maintenance personnel to check;
数控系统补偿列表模板程序如下：The CNC system compensation list template program is as follows:
式中，a表示参考坐标轴（输入轴），b表示待补偿坐标轴（输出轴），M表示待补偿轴对应轴号，k表示在参考坐标轴上运动行程范围划分为k份，则表示在该运动位置上的k个误差值，为数控系统补偿模块专用符号，分别表示运行行程最小值和最大值。In the formula, a represents the reference coordinate axis (input axis), b represents the coordinate axis to be compensated (output axis), M represents the axis number corresponding to the axis to be compensated, and k represents that the motion range on the reference coordinate axis is divided into k parts. It represents the k error values at the motion position, It is a special symbol for the compensation module of the CNC system. Respectively represent the minimum and maximum values of the running stroke.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411000994.7ACN118528071B (en) | 2024-07-25 | 2024-07-25 | A CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool and its use method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411000994.7ACN118528071B (en) | 2024-07-25 | 2024-07-25 | A CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool and its use method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118528071Atrue CN118528071A (en) | 2024-08-23 |
| CN118528071B CN118528071B (en) | 2024-11-12 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411000994.7AActiveCN118528071B (en) | 2024-07-25 | 2024-07-25 | A CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool and its use method |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118528071B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008086752A1 (en)* | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-24 | Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group) Co., Ltd. | An s-shape detection test piece and a detection method for detecting the precision of the numerical control milling machine |
| CN103759685A (en)* | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Detection method for recognizing geometric accuracy of four-axis machining center |
| CN103831665A (en)* | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | Detection and correction method of locating accuracy of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool |
| JP2015223683A (en)* | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-14 | 中村留精密工業株式会社 | Method for measuring mechanical error of rotating table and method for machining peripheral edge of plate |
| DE102014116406B3 (en)* | 2014-11-11 | 2016-01-28 | Hexagon Metrology Gmbh | Method for correcting a gear angle error in a turntable of a measuring device |
| CN106441963A (en)* | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 上海理工大学 | X-shaped aviation thin-wall standard test piece for detecting precision of numerical control machine tool in integrated manner |
| CN107101597A (en)* | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of error calibrating method for rotating angle measuring system |
| CN107414602A (en)* | 2017-02-09 | 2017-12-01 | 河北工业大学 | Caliberating device and scaling method for vertical machining centre trigger-type measuring system |
| CN109520417A (en)* | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | Lathe geometric error and turntable corner position error calibrating installation and method |
| JP2019174169A (en)* | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-10 | 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 | Three-dimensional gauge and three-dimensional position error measurement method of machine |
| CN111266928A (en)* | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-12 | 东华大学 | Test piece for detecting machine tool precision and thin-wall part machining capacity and detection method |
| CN113587870A (en)* | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Five-axis machine tool rotating shaft geometric error on-machine detection device and error field prediction method |
| CN115601312A (en)* | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-13 | 中联重科股份有限公司（Cn） | Method, processor, apparatus and storage medium for detecting workpiece deviation |
| CN116608805A (en)* | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-18 | 鸿富锦精密电子（成都）有限公司 | Workbench rotation calibration method, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN116673792A (en)* | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-01 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Machining center rotating shaft error source stripping feature and machining evaluation method |
| CN116810483A (en)* | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-29 | 宁波大学 | Five-axis machine tool rotating shaft geometric error identification method based on machining test |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008086752A1 (en)* | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-24 | Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group) Co., Ltd. | An s-shape detection test piece and a detection method for detecting the precision of the numerical control milling machine |
| CN103831665A (en)* | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | Detection and correction method of locating accuracy of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool |
| CN103759685A (en)* | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Detection method for recognizing geometric accuracy of four-axis machining center |
| JP2015223683A (en)* | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-14 | 中村留精密工業株式会社 | Method for measuring mechanical error of rotating table and method for machining peripheral edge of plate |
| DE102014116406B3 (en)* | 2014-11-11 | 2016-01-28 | Hexagon Metrology Gmbh | Method for correcting a gear angle error in a turntable of a measuring device |
| CN106441963A (en)* | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 上海理工大学 | X-shaped aviation thin-wall standard test piece for detecting precision of numerical control machine tool in integrated manner |
| CN107414602A (en)* | 2017-02-09 | 2017-12-01 | 河北工业大学 | Caliberating device and scaling method for vertical machining centre trigger-type measuring system |
| CN107101597A (en)* | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of error calibrating method for rotating angle measuring system |
| JP2019174169A (en)* | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-10 | 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 | Three-dimensional gauge and three-dimensional position error measurement method of machine |
| CN109520417A (en)* | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | Lathe geometric error and turntable corner position error calibrating installation and method |
| CN111266928A (en)* | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-12 | 东华大学 | Test piece for detecting machine tool precision and thin-wall part machining capacity and detection method |
| CN113587870A (en)* | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Five-axis machine tool rotating shaft geometric error on-machine detection device and error field prediction method |
| CN115601312A (en)* | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-13 | 中联重科股份有限公司（Cn） | Method, processor, apparatus and storage medium for detecting workpiece deviation |
| CN116608805A (en)* | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-18 | 鸿富锦精密电子（成都）有限公司 | Workbench rotation calibration method, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN116810483A (en)* | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-29 | 宁波大学 | Five-axis machine tool rotating shaft geometric error identification method based on machining test |
| CN116673792A (en)* | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-01 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Machining center rotating shaft error source stripping feature and machining evaluation method |
| Title |
|---|
| 王伟;陶文坚;李晴朝;: "五轴数控机床动态精度检验试件特性研究", 机械工程学报, no. 01, 5 January 2017 (2017-01-05)* |
| 陈光胜;李郝林;: "多轴数控机床转台误差快速检测与分离", 仪器仪表学报, no. 11, 15 November 2013 (2013-11-15)* |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118528071B (en) | 2024-11-12 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110539020B (en) | Precision self-diagnosis method for double five-axis mirror milling machine tool | |
| CN110530302A (en) | Contactless valve plate flatness checking device and method | |
| US20130054172A1 (en) | Method of calibrating gear measuring device | |
| CN102937409B (en) | Polar coordinate gear measurement center and zero calibrating method thereof | |
| CN210773947U (en) | A non-contact distribution plate flatness detection device | |
| CN110487210B (en) | Measurement method of honeycomb core surface profile | |
| CN114012585B (en) | Polishing point position calibration method for double-pendulum-shaft type five-axis magnetorheological machine tool | |
| CN110181334B (en) | On-machine detection device and detection method for surface error of free-form surface optical element based on white light confocal principle | |
| CN103831669A (en) | Circular degree error online measurement system and measurement method | |
| CN117146706A (en) | A method and system for in-position detection of shaft workpieces | |
| CN108115466B (en) | Geometric motion error detection method and system for vertical machining center | |
| CN209459530U (en) | A device for verification of vernier universal angle ruler | |
| CN216846033U (en) | Inner wall measurement system based on deep sagittal workpiece | |
| CN114851023A (en) | In-situ detection method for large-size aspheric optical element grinding and polishing machine tool | |
| CN117681053A (en) | Method, system, equipment and medium for detecting dynamic motion error of numerical control machine tool | |
| CN110146014A (en) | A Probe Structure and Measurement Method for Measuring Inner Hole Data | |
| CN118528071A (en) | A CNC machine tool turntable precision detection tool and its use method | |
| CN1250934C (en) | Flexible testing tool detection method for dimensional error of mechanical products | |
| CN113341878A (en) | Thermal error measuring method of five-axis numerical control machine tool | |
| CN114088024B (en) | Rim flatness detection method | |
| CN116423291A (en) | A method for automatic detection and compensation of swing angle deviation of parallel machine tool based on probe | |
| TWI693374B (en) | Non-contact measurement system for measuring object contour | |
| EP2818949A1 (en) | Computer numerical control machining center with integrated coordinate measuring unit and method for measuring a workpiece in situ | |
| CN111090259A (en) | Method for checking and correcting workpiece rotating shaft coordinate deviation in numerical control system | |
| CN114279301B (en) | Inner wall measurement system and measurement method based on deep sagittal height workpiece |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |