本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及接收机、接收方法和光通信系统。The present application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to a receiver, a receiving method and an optical communication system.
在光通信领域中，发射机和接收机通过光纤传输光信号。但是，在传输过程中，噪声可能会干扰光信号。为此，接收机可以通过光均衡器来降低噪声的影响。In the field of optical communications, transmitters and receivers transmit optical signals through optical fibers. However, during the transmission process, noise may interfere with the optical signal. To this end, the receiver can use an optical equalizer to reduce the impact of noise.
例如，图1为光均衡器的结构示意图。如图1所示，光均衡器100包括延迟线101、延迟线102、功率调整器103、功率调整器104、功率调整器105和光耦合器106。光均衡器100用于接收第一光信号，将第一光信号分为3束光信号。3束光信号分别经过功率调整器103～105。其中，经过功率调整器104的光信号经过了延迟线101。经过功率调整器105的光信号经过了延迟线101和延迟线102。延迟线101和延迟线102用于根据延迟线控制信号调整光信号的延迟。光耦合器106用于耦合3束光信号，输出第二光信号。在经过延迟线101和延迟线102后，3束光信号也称为3个相邻符号。光均衡器100根据延迟线控制信号调整了第一光信号中相邻符号间的延迟，进而降低第一光信号中的噪声，得到第二光信号。第二光信号的幅值可以用公式1来表示。For example, FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical equalizer. As shown in FIG1 , the optical equalizer 100 includes a delay line 101, a delay line 102, a power adjuster 103, a power adjuster 104, a power adjuster 105 and an optical coupler 106. The optical equalizer 100 is used to receive a first optical signal and divide the first optical signal into three optical signals. The three optical signals pass through power adjusters 103 to 105 respectively. Among them, the optical signal passing through the power adjuster 104 passes through the delay line 101. The optical signal passing through the power adjuster 105 passes through the delay line 101 and the delay line 102. The delay line 101 and the delay line 102 are used to adjust the delay of the optical signal according to the delay line control signal. The optical coupler 106 is used to couple the three optical signals and output a second optical signal. After passing through the delay line 101 and the delay line 102, the three optical signals are also called three adjacent symbols. The optical equalizer 100 adjusts the delay between adjacent symbols in the first optical signal according to the delay line control signal, thereby reducing the noise in the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal. The amplitude of the second optical signal can be expressed by Formula 1.
Y＝A×x1+B×x2+C×x3 公式1Y＝A×x1+B×x2+C×x3 Formula 1
其中，Y为第二光信号的幅值。x1、x2和x3为3个相邻符号的幅值。x1、x2和x3的值和相邻符号间的延迟相关。A为功率调整器103的调整系数。B为功率调整器104的调整系数。C为功率调整器105的调整系数。Wherein, Y is the amplitude of the second optical signal. x1, x2 and x3 are the amplitudes of three adjacent symbols. The values of x1, x2 and x3 are related to the delay between adjacent symbols. A is the adjustment coefficient of the power adjuster 103. B is the adjustment coefficient of the power adjuster 104. C is the adjustment coefficient of the power adjuster 105.
但是，在实际应用中，相邻符号间的延迟可能有误差。误差也可以称为光域采样频差。光域采样频差会导致前述公式中x1、x2或x3的幅值不准确，进而影响第二光信号的幅值。因此，光域采样频差会降低消噪的可靠性。However, in practical applications, the delay between adjacent symbols may have errors. The error can also be called the optical domain sampling frequency difference. The optical domain sampling frequency difference will cause the amplitude of x1, x2 or x3 in the above formula to be inaccurate, thereby affecting the amplitude of the second optical signal. Therefore, the optical domain sampling frequency difference will reduce the reliability of noise reduction.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请提供了一种接收机、接收方法和光通信系统，通过光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号，可以得到更为准确的延迟线控制信号，从而提高消噪的可靠性。The present application provides a receiver, a receiving method and an optical communication system, which can obtain a more accurate delay line control signal by adjusting the delay line control signal through the optical domain sampling frequency difference, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
本申请第一方面提供了一种接收机。接收机包括光均衡器、采样频差估计模块和电压转换模块。光均衡器用于根据延迟线控制信号降低接收机接收的光信号中的噪声，得到第一光信号。或者，光均衡器用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。采样频差估计模块用于根据第一光信号获取光均衡器的光域采样频差。电压转换模块用于将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。光均衡器还用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率。In a first aspect, the present application provides a receiver. The receiver includes an optical equalizer, a sampling frequency difference estimation module and a voltage conversion module. The optical equalizer is used to reduce the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver according to a delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. Alternatively, the optical equalizer is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain the first optical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer according to the first optical signal. The voltage conversion module is used to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The optical equalizer is also used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the new delay line control signal.
在本申请中，通过光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号，可以得到更为准确的延迟线控制信号，从而提高消噪的可靠性。In the present application, by adjusting the delay line control signal through the optical domain sampling frequency difference, a more accurate delay line control signal can be obtained, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，接收机还包括光电转换模块和模拟数字转换器。光电 转换模块用于将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号。模拟数字转换器用于将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。采样频差估计模块用于根据第一数字电信号或第一模拟电信号获取光域采样频差。其中，采样频差估计模块可以通过测量第一光信号得到光域采样频差，也可以通过测量电信号得到光域采样频差。当采样频差估计模块测量第一光信号时，采样频差估计模块既需要光器件，也需要电器件。当采样频差估计模块测量电信号时，采样频差估计模块可以只需要电器件。因此，本申请可以降低接收机的成本。In an optional manner of the first aspect, the receiver also includes an optoelectronic conversion module and an analog-to-digital converter. The optoelectronic conversion module is used to convert the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference according to the first digital electrical signal or the first analog electrical signal. Among them, the sampling frequency difference estimation module can obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference by measuring the first optical signal, and can also obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference by measuring the electrical signal. When the sampling frequency difference estimation module measures the first optical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module requires both optical devices and electrical devices. When the sampling frequency difference estimation module measures the electrical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module may only require electrical devices. Therefore, the present application can reduce the cost of the receiver.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一模拟电信号包括时钟信号。接收机还包括电滤波器。电滤波器用于在第一模拟电信号中获取时钟信号。模拟数字转换器还用于根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。模拟数字转换器用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。其中，模拟数字转换器的采样频率会影响获取到的光域采样频差的准确性。本申请先通过时钟信号降低模拟数字转换器的采样频率误差，再获取第一数字电信号的光域采样频差。因此，本申请可以提高获取到的光域采样频差的准确性，进而提高消噪的可靠性。In an optional manner of the first aspect, the first analog electrical signal includes a clock signal. The receiver also includes an electrical filter. The electrical filter is used to obtain the clock signal in the first analog electrical signal. The analog-to-digital converter is also used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the clock signal to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. Among them, the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter will affect the accuracy of the acquired optical domain sampling frequency difference. The present application first reduces the sampling frequency error of the analog-to-digital converter through the clock signal, and then obtains the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first digital electrical signal. Therefore, the present application can improve the accuracy of the acquired optical domain sampling frequency difference, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，接收机还包括开关。当开关处于第一状态时，光均衡器用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。当开关处于第二状态时，光电转换模块还用于将接收机接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。此时，接收机接收的光信号不经过光均衡器。模拟数字转换器还用于将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。采样频差估计模块还用于根据第二数字电信号获取模拟数字转换器的第一电域采样频差。模拟数字转换器还用于根据第一电域采样频差调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。模拟数字转换器用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。其中，通过在接收机增加开关可以降低模拟数字转换器的采样频率误差，从而提高获取到的光域采样频差的准确性。并且，本申请对发射机的改动较小，从而提高了场景的适应性。In an optional manner of the first aspect, the receiver also includes a switch. When the switch is in a first state, the optical equalizer is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. When the switch is in a second state, the photoelectric conversion module is also used to convert the optical signal received by the receiver into a second analog electrical signal. At this time, the optical signal received by the receiver does not pass through the optical equalizer. The analog-to-digital converter is also used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is also used to obtain the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference of the analog-to-digital converter according to the second digital electrical signal. The analog-to-digital converter is also used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. Among them, by adding a switch to the receiver, the sampling frequency error of the analog-to-digital converter can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired optical domain sampling frequency difference. In addition, the present application makes relatively small changes to the transmitter, thereby improving the adaptability of the scene.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，当开关处于第二状态时，模拟数字转换器还用于根据调整后的采样频率将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。采样频差估计模块还用于根据第二数字电信号获取模拟数字转换器的第二电域采样频差。当第二电域采样频差小于第一阈值时，开关处于第一状态。其中，通过多次调整模拟数字转换器的采样频率，可以进一步降低模拟数字转换器的采样频率误差。因此，本申请可以提高获取到的光域采样频差的准确性，进而提高消噪的可靠性。In an optional manner of the first aspect, when the switch is in the second state, the analog-to-digital converter is also used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is also used to obtain the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference of the analog-to-digital converter according to the second digital electrical signal. When the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference is less than the first threshold, the switch is in the first state. Among them, by adjusting the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter multiple times, the sampling frequency error of the analog-to-digital converter can be further reduced. Therefore, the present application can improve the accuracy of the acquired optical domain sampling frequency difference, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一光信号包括同步序列。接收机还包括序列生成器。序列生成器用于生成参考同步序列。采样频差估计模块用于通过同步序列和参考同步序列获取光域采样频差。其中，在未使用同步序列时，接收机可能需要多次调整延迟线控制信号，才能得到较优的延迟线控制信号。通过使用同步序列，可以降低调整延迟线控制信号的次数，从而提高调整的效率。In an optional manner of the first aspect, the first optical signal includes a synchronization sequence. The receiver also includes a sequence generator. The sequence generator is used to generate a reference synchronization sequence. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference through the synchronization sequence and the reference synchronization sequence. Wherein, when the synchronization sequence is not used, the receiver may need to adjust the delay line control signal multiple times to obtain a better delay line control signal. By using the synchronization sequence, the number of times the delay line control signal is adjusted can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the adjustment.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，同步序列为伪随机序列。其中，伪随机序列的自相关性好，互相关性差，所以抗干扰能力强。因此，通过伪随机序列得到的光域采样频差更准确，进而提高了消噪的可靠性。In an optional manner of the first aspect, the synchronization sequence is a pseudo-random sequence. The pseudo-random sequence has good autocorrelation and poor mutual correlation, so it has strong anti-interference ability. Therefore, the optical domain sampling frequency difference obtained by the pseudo-random sequence is more accurate, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，若光域采样频差大于第二阈值，则电压转换模块用于 将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。其中，延迟线的延迟肯定存在偏差。若存在偏差便调整延迟线控制信号，则会浪费接收机的资源。本申请设定第二阈值，在光域采样频差小于或等于第二阈值时，接收机不调整延迟线控制信号。因此，本申请可以节约接收机的资源。In an optional manner of the first aspect, if the optical domain sampling frequency difference is greater than a second threshold, the voltage conversion module is used to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. Among them, there must be a deviation in the delay of the delay line. If the delay line control signal is adjusted if there is a deviation, the resources of the receiver will be wasted. The present application sets a second threshold, and when the optical domain sampling frequency difference is less than or equal to the second threshold, the receiver does not adjust the delay line control signal. Therefore, the present application can save the resources of the receiver.
本申请第二方面提供了一种接收方法。接收方法应用于接收机。接收方法包括以下步骤：接收机根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。接收机根据第一光信号获取光均衡器的光域采样频差。接收机将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。接收机根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率。The second aspect of the present application provides a receiving method. The receiving method is applied to a receiver. The receiving method includes the following steps: the receiver adjusts the power of an optical signal received by the receiver according to a delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The receiver obtains an optical domain sampling frequency difference of an optical equalizer according to the first optical signal. The receiver converts the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The receiver adjusts the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the new delay line control signal.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，接收机将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号。接收机将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。接收机根据第一模拟电信号或第一数字电信号获取光域采样频差。In an optional manner of the second aspect, the receiver converts the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal, converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal, and obtains an optical domain sampling frequency difference according to the first analog electrical signal or the first digital electrical signal.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，第一模拟电信号包括时钟信号，接收方法还包括以下步骤：接收机从第一模拟电信号中获取时钟信号。接收机根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。In an optional manner of the second aspect, the first analog electrical signal includes a clock signal, and the receiving method further includes the following steps: the receiver obtains the clock signal from the first analog electrical signal. The receiver adjusts the sampling frequency according to the clock signal to obtain an adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，当开关处于第一状态时，接收机根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。接收方法还包括以下步骤：当开关处于第二状态时，接收机将接收机接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。接收机将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。接收机根据第二数字电信号获取第一电域采样频差。接收机根据第一电域采样频差调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。In an optional manner of the second aspect, when the switch is in the first state, the receiver adjusts the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The receiving method also includes the following steps: when the switch is in the second state, the receiver converts the optical signal received by the receiver into a second analog electrical signal. The receiver converts the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal. The receiver obtains the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. The receiver adjusts the sampling frequency according to the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，接收方法还包括以下步骤：当开关处于第二状态时，接收机根据调整后的采样频率将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。接收机根据第二数字电信号获取第二电域采样频差。当第二电域采样频差小于第一阈值时，接收机将开关置于第一状态。In an optional manner of the second aspect, the receiving method further includes the following steps: when the switch is in the second state, the receiver converts the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver obtains a second electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. When the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference is less than the first threshold, the receiver places the switch in the first state.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，第一数字电信号包括同步序列。接收方法还包括以下步骤：接收机生成参考同步序列。接收机通过同步序列和参考同步序列获取光域采样频差。In an optional manner of the second aspect, the first digital electrical signal includes a synchronization sequence. The receiving method further includes the following steps: the receiver generates a reference synchronization sequence. The receiver obtains the optical domain sampling frequency difference through the synchronization sequence and the reference synchronization sequence.
在第二方面的一种可选方式中，若光域采样频差大于第二阈值，则接收机将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。In an optional manner of the second aspect, if the optical domain sampling frequency difference is greater than a second threshold, the receiver converts the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal.
本申请第三方面提供了一种光通信系统。光通信系统包括发射机和接收机。发射机用于向接收机发送光信号。接收机用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。接收机用于根据第一光信号获取光均衡器的光域采样频差。接收机用于将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。接收机用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率。The third aspect of the present application provides an optical communication system. The optical communication system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is used to send an optical signal to the receiver. The receiver is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The receiver is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer according to the first optical signal. The receiver is used to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The receiver is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the new delay line control signal.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，接收机还用于将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号，将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。接收机用于根据第一数字电信号或第一模拟电信号获取光域采样频差。In an optional manner of the third aspect, the receiver is further configured to convert the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal, convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal, and obtain an optical domain sampling frequency difference according to the first digital electrical signal or the first analog electrical signal.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，发射机还用于根据第一模拟电信号生成接收机接收的 光信号，第一模拟电信号包括时钟信号。接收机还用于从第一模拟电信号中获取时钟信号。接收机还用于根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。In an optional manner of the third aspect, the transmitter is further used to generate an optical signal received by the receiver according to the first analog electrical signal, and the first analog electrical signal includes a clock signal. The receiver is further used to obtain the clock signal from the first analog electrical signal. The receiver is further used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the clock signal to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，当开关处于第一状态时，接收机用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。当开关处于第二状态时，接收机还用于将接收机接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。接收机还用于将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。接收机还用于根据第二数字电信号获取第一电域采样频差。接收机还用于根据第一电域采样频差调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。In an optional manner of the third aspect, when the switch is in a first state, the receiver is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. When the switch is in a second state, the receiver is also used to convert the optical signal received by the receiver into a second analog electrical signal. The receiver is also used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal. The receiver is also used to obtain a first electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. The receiver is also used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to obtain an adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，当开关处于第二状态时，接收机还用于根据调整后的采样频率将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。接收机还用于根据第二数字电信号获取第二电域采样频差。当第二电域采样频差小于第一阈值时，接收机用于将开关置于第一状态。In an optional manner of the third aspect, when the switch is in the second state, the receiver is further used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver is also used to obtain a second electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. When the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference is less than the first threshold, the receiver is used to place the switch in the first state.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，第一光信号包括同步序列。接收机还用于生成参考同步序列。接收机用于通过同步序列和参考同步序列获取光域采样频差。In an optional manner of the third aspect, the first optical signal includes a synchronization sequence. The receiver is further configured to generate a reference synchronization sequence. The receiver is configured to obtain an optical domain sampling frequency difference through the synchronization sequence and the reference synchronization sequence.
在第三方面的一种可选方式中，若光域采样频差大于第二阈值，则接收机用于将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。In an optional manner of the third aspect, if the optical domain sampling frequency difference is greater than a second threshold, the receiver is configured to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal.
图1为光均衡器的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical equalizer;
图2a为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第一个结构示意图；FIG2a is a first structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2b为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第二个结构示意图FIG. 2b is a second structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application.
图3为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第三个结构示意图；FIG3 is a third structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第四个结构示意图；FIG4 is a fourth structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第五个结构示意图；FIG5 is a fifth structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例中提供的采样频差估计模块的结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling frequency difference estimation module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请实施例中提供的接收方法的流程示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图8为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的结构示意图。FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
本申请实施例提供了一种接收机、接收方法和光通信系统，通过光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号，可以得到更为准确的延迟线控制信号，从而提高消噪的可靠性。应理解，本申请中使用的“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。另外，为了简明和清楚，本申请多个附图中重复参考编号和/或字母。重复并不表明各种实施例和/或配置之间存在严格的限定关系。The embodiments of the present application provide a receiver, a receiving method and an optical communication system. By adjusting the delay line control signal by the optical domain sampling frequency difference, a more accurate delay line control signal can be obtained, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction. It should be understood that the "first", "second", etc. used in this application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order. In addition, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, reference numbers and/or letters are repeated in multiple figures of the present application. Repetition does not indicate that there is a strict limiting relationship between various embodiments and/or configurations.
本申请中的接收机应用于光通信领域。在光通信领域中，接收机可以通过光均衡器来降低噪声的影响。例如，在图1中，光均衡器100可以根据延迟线控制信号调整第一光信号中相邻符号间的延迟，从而降低第一光信号中的噪声，得到第二光信号。当相邻符号间 的延迟存在误差时，会影响第二光信号的幅值，从而降低消噪的可靠性。The receiver in the present application is applied to the field of optical communication. In the field of optical communication, the receiver can reduce the influence of noise by an optical equalizer. For example, in FIG1 , the optical equalizer 100 can adjust the delay between adjacent symbols in the first optical signal according to the delay line control signal, thereby reducing the noise in the first optical signal and obtaining a second optical signal. When there is an error in the delay between adjacent symbols, the amplitude of the second optical signal will be affected, thereby reducing the reliability of noise reduction.
为此，本申请提供了一种接收机。图2a为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第一个结构示意图。如图2a所示，接收机200包括光均衡器201、采样频差估计模块202和电压转换模块203。To this end, the present application provides a receiver. FIG2a is a first structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG2a, the receiver 200 includes an optical equalizer 201, a sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 and a voltage conversion module 203.
光均衡器201中包括延迟线。光均衡器201用于根据延迟线控制信号降低接收机200接收的光信号中的噪声，得到第一光信号。或者，光均衡器201用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机200接收的光信号中的功率，得到第一光信号。第一光信号的幅值和接收机200接收的光信号中相邻符号间的延迟相关。相邻符号间的延迟是根据施加在延迟线上的延迟线控制信号得到的。例如，在图1中，第一光信号的幅值和延迟线的关联关系可以用公式1表示。关于公式1和光均衡器201的描述，可以参考图1中光均衡器100的相关描述。应理解，图1中的光均衡器100只是一个示例。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对光均衡器100进行适应性的修改。例如，在图1中，光均衡器100可以包括更多或更少延迟线和功率调整器。在本申请中，将以图1中的光均衡器为例进行描述。The optical equalizer 201 includes a delay line. The optical equalizer 201 is used to reduce the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. Alternatively, the optical equalizer 201 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the delay line control signal to obtain the first optical signal. The amplitude of the first optical signal is related to the delay between adjacent symbols in the optical signal received by the receiver 200. The delay between adjacent symbols is obtained according to the delay line control signal applied to the delay line. For example, in FIG1, the correlation between the amplitude of the first optical signal and the delay line can be expressed by formula 1. For the description of formula 1 and the optical equalizer 201, reference can be made to the relevant description of the optical equalizer 100 in FIG1. It should be understood that the optical equalizer 100 in FIG1 is only an example. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can make adaptive modifications to the optical equalizer 100 as needed. For example, in FIG1, the optical equalizer 100 can include more or less delay lines and power adjusters. In this application, the optical equalizer in FIG1 will be described as an example.
在公式1中，x1、x2和x3为3个相邻符号的幅值。x1、x2和x3的值和相邻符号间的延迟相关。假设在图1中，存在理想的相邻符号间的延迟y1和y2。例如当接收机和发射机之间的通信频率为1G比特/秒时，y1和y2为1纳秒。y1对应延迟线101。y2对应延迟线102。y1是根据延迟线控制信号d1得到的。y2是根据延迟线控制信号d2得到的。但是，实际的相邻符号间的延迟为y11和y12。根据前述光均衡器的原理可知，相邻符号间的延迟的误差称为光域采样频差。因此，光域采样频差可以为y11与y1的差值，以及y12和y2的差值。此时，光域采样频差的单位为时长。In Formula 1, x1, x2 and x3 are the amplitudes of three adjacent symbols. The values of x1, x2 and x3 are related to the delay between adjacent symbols. Assume that in Figure 1, there are ideal delays y1 and y2 between adjacent symbols. For example, when the communication frequency between the receiver and the transmitter is 1 Gbit/s, y1 and y2 are 1 nanosecond. y1 corresponds to delay line 101. y2 corresponds to delay line 102. y1 is obtained according to the delay line control signal d1. y2 is obtained according to the delay line control signal d2. However, the actual delays between adjacent symbols are y11 and y12. According to the principle of the aforementioned optical equalizer, the error in the delay between adjacent symbols is called the optical domain sampling frequency difference. Therefore, the optical domain sampling frequency difference can be the difference between y11 and y1, and the difference between y12 and y2. At this time, the unit of the optical domain sampling frequency difference is time length.
根据前述光均衡器的原理可知，相邻符号间的延迟与第一光信号的幅值存在映射关系。因此，通过映射关系，光均衡器201的光域采样频差也可以表现为第一光信号的幅值的差值，即光域采样频差可以为第一光信号Y1和Y2的差值。第一光信号Y1为根据y1和y2得到的第一光信号的参考幅值。第一光信号Y2为根据y11和y12得到的第一光信号的幅值。此时，接收机200中可以存储有第一光信号的参考幅值。在接收到第一光信号后，采样频差估计模块202获取第一光信号的幅值。之后，采样频差估计模块202计算第一光信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，得到光域采样频差。此时，光域采样频差的单位为幅值或功率。According to the principle of the aforementioned optical equalizer, there is a mapping relationship between the delay between adjacent symbols and the amplitude of the first optical signal. Therefore, through the mapping relationship, the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer 201 can also be expressed as the difference in the amplitude of the first optical signal, that is, the optical domain sampling frequency difference can be the difference between the first optical signals Y1 and Y2. The first optical signal Y1 is the reference amplitude of the first optical signal obtained according to y1 and y2. The first optical signal Y2 is the amplitude of the first optical signal obtained according to y11 and y12. At this time, the reference amplitude of the first optical signal can be stored in the receiver 200. After receiving the first optical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 obtains the amplitude of the first optical signal. Afterwards, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 calculates the difference between the amplitude of the first optical signal and the reference amplitude to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference. At this time, the unit of the optical domain sampling frequency difference is amplitude or power.
电压转换模块203用于从采样频差估计模块202接收光域采样频差，将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。根据光均衡器的原理可知，光域采样频差和延迟线控制信号存在映射关系。根据映射关系，电压转换模块203根据光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号，得到新的延迟线控制信号。光均衡器201用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机200接收的光信号的功率。The voltage conversion module 203 is used to receive the optical domain sampling frequency difference from the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202, and convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. According to the principle of the optical equalizer, there is a mapping relationship between the optical domain sampling frequency difference and the delay line control signal. According to the mapping relationship, the voltage conversion module 203 adjusts the delay line control signal according to the optical domain sampling frequency difference to obtain a new delay line control signal. The optical equalizer 201 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the new delay line control signal.
在本申请中，接收机可以根据光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号，使得相邻符号间的延迟y11逼近y1，y12逼近y2。当y11逼近y1，y12逼近y2时，第一光信号的幅值更接近理想值，从而提高消噪的可靠性。In the present application, the receiver can adjust the delay line control signal according to the optical domain sampling frequency difference so that the delay y11 between adjacent symbols approaches y1, and y12 approaches y2. When y11 approaches y1, and y12 approaches y2, the amplitude of the first optical signal is closer to the ideal value, thereby improving the reliability of noise reduction.
根据通信原理可知，第一光信号的幅值和电信号的幅值也存在映射关系。因此，通过映射关系，光域采样频差也可以表现为电信号的幅值的差值。例如，图2b为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第二个结构示意图。如图2b所示，接收机200包括光均衡器201、光电 转换模块204、模拟数字转换器205、采样频差估计模块202和电压转换模块203。光均衡器201用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机200接收的光信号中的功率，得到第一光信号。光电转换模块204用于将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号。模拟数字转换器205用于将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。采样频差估计模块202用于根据第一数字电信号获取光均衡器201的光域采样频差。具体地，接收机200中可以存储有第一数字电信号的参考幅值。在接收到第一数字电信号后，采样频差估计模块202获取第一数字电信号的幅值。之后，采样频差估计模块202计算第一数字电信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，得到光域采样频差。电压转换模块203用于从采样频差估计模块202接收光域采样频差，将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。203光均衡器201用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机200接收的光信号的功率。According to the communication principle, there is also a mapping relationship between the amplitude of the first optical signal and the amplitude of the electrical signal. Therefore, through the mapping relationship, the optical domain sampling frequency difference can also be expressed as the difference in the amplitude of the electrical signal. For example, Figure 2b is a second structural schematic diagram of the receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2b, the receiver 200 includes an optical equalizer 201, an optoelectronic conversion module 204, an analog-to-digital converter 205, a sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 and a voltage conversion module 203. The optical equalizer 201 is used to adjust the power in the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the delay line control signal to obtain the first optical signal. The optoelectronic conversion module 204 is used to convert the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer 201 according to the first digital electrical signal. Specifically, the reference amplitude of the first digital electrical signal can be stored in the receiver 200. After receiving the first digital electrical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 obtains the amplitude of the first digital electrical signal. After that, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 calculates the difference between the amplitude of the first digital electrical signal and the reference amplitude to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference. The voltage conversion module 203 is used to receive the optical domain sampling frequency difference from the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 and convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The optical equalizer 203 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the new delay line control signal.
应理解，在实际应用中，光域采样频差也可以表现为模拟电信号的幅值的差值。此时，接收机200中可以存储有第一模拟电信号的参考幅值。在接收到第一模拟电信号后，采样频差估计模块获取第一模拟电信号的幅值。之后，采样频差估计模块计算第一模拟电信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，得到光域采样频差。It should be understood that in practical applications, the optical domain sampling frequency difference can also be expressed as a difference in the amplitude of an analog electrical signal. At this time, the receiver 200 may store a reference amplitude of the first analog electrical signal. After receiving the first analog electrical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module obtains the amplitude of the first analog electrical signal. Afterwards, the sampling frequency difference estimation module calculates the difference between the amplitude of the first analog electrical signal and the reference amplitude to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference.
在实际应用中，模拟数字转换器205的采样频率可能会存在偏差。偏差会导致采样频差估计模块202测量的光域采样频差不准确。不准确的光域采样频差会影响消噪的可靠性。为此，在采样频差估计模块202测量光域采样频差之前，接收机200可以调整模拟数字转换器205的采样频率。下面对调整模拟数字转换器205的采样频率的多种方式进行分别描述。并且，在后续的描述中，将以图2b所示的接收机200为例，对本申请提供的接收机进行描述。In practical applications, the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205 may have deviations. The deviation may cause the optical domain sampling frequency difference measured by the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 to be inaccurate. Inaccurate optical domain sampling frequency difference may affect the reliability of noise reduction. To this end, before the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 measures the optical domain sampling frequency difference, the receiver 200 may adjust the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205. The following describes various methods of adjusting the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205. In addition, in the subsequent description, the receiver 200 shown in FIG. 2b will be taken as an example to describe the receiver provided in the present application.
接收机200根据时钟信号调整模拟数字转换器205的采样频率。图3为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第三个结构示意图。如图3所示，在图2b的基础上，接收机200还包括电滤波器301。根据前面的描述可知，光电转换模块204可以根据第一光信号得到第一模拟数字电信号。第一模拟数字电信号中携带有时钟信号和数据信号。电滤波器301用于接收第一模拟数字电信号，根据第一模拟数字电信号得到数据信号和时钟信号。电滤波器301用于向模拟数字转换器205传输时钟信号和数据信号。模拟数字转换器205用于根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。模拟数字转换器205用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。在调整模拟数字转换器205的采样频率后，采样频差估计模块202用于获取第一数字电信号的光域采样频差。因此，本申请可以提高获取到的光域采样频差的准确性，进而提高消噪的可靠性。The receiver 200 adjusts the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205 according to the clock signal. FIG. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of the receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, on the basis of FIG. 2b, the receiver 200 further includes an electrical filter 301. According to the previous description, the photoelectric conversion module 204 can obtain a first analog digital electrical signal according to the first optical signal. The first analog digital electrical signal carries a clock signal and a data signal. The electrical filter 301 is used to receive the first analog digital electrical signal, and obtain a data signal and a clock signal according to the first analog digital electrical signal. The electrical filter 301 is used to transmit the clock signal and the data signal to the analog-to-digital converter 205. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the clock signal to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. After adjusting the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first digital electrical signal. Therefore, the present application can improve the accuracy of the obtained optical domain sampling frequency difference, thereby improving the reliability of noise elimination.
应理解，为了避免时钟信号影响数据信号。时钟信号和数据信号的频谱可以错开。此时，接收机200还可以包括频率搬移模块。在电滤波器301得到时钟信号后，频率搬移模块用于对时钟信号进行适当的频谱搬移。It should be understood that in order to prevent the clock signal from affecting the data signal, the frequency spectra of the clock signal and the data signal can be staggered. At this time, the receiver 200 can also include a frequency shifting module. After the electrical filter 301 obtains the clock signal, the frequency shifting module is used to perform appropriate frequency shifting on the clock signal.
接收机200根据开关调整模拟数字转换器205的采样频率。图4为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第四个结构示意图。如图4所示，在图2b的基础上，接收机200还包括开关401。The receiver 200 adjusts the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205 according to the switch. Fig. 4 is a fourth structural diagram of the receiver provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4, based on Fig. 2b, the receiver 200 further includes a switch 401.
首先，接收机200用于将开关401置于第二状态。当开关401当开关处于第二状态时，开关401用于向光电转换模块204传输接收机200接收的光信号。光电转换模块204用于 将接收机200接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。光电转换模块204用于向模拟数字转换器205传输第二模拟电信号。模拟数字转换器205用于将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。采样频差估计模块202用于根据第二数字电信号获取第一电域采样频差。当模拟数字转换器205的采样频率存在偏差时，第二数字电信号的幅值会发生改变。因此，采样频差估计模块202可以通过测量第二数字电信号的幅值来获取第一电域采样频差。具体地，接收机200中可以存储有第二数字电信号的参考幅值。在接收到第二数字电信号后，采样频差估计模块202获取第二数字电信号的幅值。之后，采样频差估计模块202计算第二数字电信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，得到第一电域采样频差。采样频差估计模块202用于向模拟数字转换器205传输第一电域采样频差。模拟数字转换器205用于根据第一电域采样频差调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。First, the receiver 200 is used to place the switch 401 in the second state. When the switch 401 is in the second state, the switch 401 is used to transmit the optical signal received by the receiver 200 to the photoelectric conversion module 204. The photoelectric conversion module 204 is used to convert the optical signal received by the receiver 200 into a second analog electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion module 204 is used to transmit the second analog electrical signal to the analog-to-digital converter 205. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to obtain the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. When there is a deviation in the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205, the amplitude of the second digital electrical signal will change. Therefore, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 can obtain the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference by measuring the amplitude of the second digital electrical signal. Specifically, the reference amplitude of the second digital electrical signal can be stored in the receiver 200. After receiving the second digital electrical signal, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 obtains the amplitude of the second digital electrical signal. Afterwards, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 calculates the difference between the amplitude of the second digital electrical signal and the reference amplitude to obtain the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to transmit the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to the analog-to-digital converter 205. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to adjust the sampling frequency according to the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency.
其次，接收机200用于将开关401置于第一状态。当开关401处于第一状态时，开关401用于向光均衡器201传输接收机200接收的光信号。光均衡器201用于根据延迟线控制信号降低接收机200接收的光信号中的噪声，得到第一光信号。光电转换模块204用于将接收机200接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。光电转换模块204用于将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号。光电转换模块204用于向模拟数字转换器205传输第一模拟电信号。模拟数字转换器205用于获取第一模拟电信号的光域采样频差。电压转换模块203用于从采样频差估计模块202接收光域采样频差，将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。光均衡器201用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机200接收的光信号的功率。Secondly, the receiver 200 is used to place the switch 401 in the first state. When the switch 401 is in the first state, the switch 401 is used to transmit the optical signal received by the receiver 200 to the optical equalizer 201. The optical equalizer 201 is used to reduce the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the delay line control signal to obtain the first optical signal. The photoelectric conversion module 204 is used to convert the optical signal received by the receiver 200 into a second analog electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion module 204 is used to convert the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion module 204 is used to transmit the first analog electrical signal to the analog-to-digital converter 205. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first analog electrical signal. The voltage conversion module 203 is used to receive the optical domain sampling frequency difference from the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202, and convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The optical equalizer 201 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the new delay line control signal.
在本申请实施例中，接收机200先旁路掉光均衡器201，使得光均衡器201的光域采样频差不会影响第一电域采样频差。在消除第一电域采样频差的影响后，接收机200再降低光域采样频差对消噪的影响。因此，本申请可以提高消噪的可靠性。并且，本申请实施例对发射机的改动较小，从而可以提高场景的适应性。In the embodiment of the present application, the receiver 200 first bypasses the optical equalizer 201, so that the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer 201 does not affect the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference. After eliminating the influence of the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference, the receiver 200 further reduces the influence of the optical domain sampling frequency difference on noise reduction. Therefore, the present application can improve the reliability of noise reduction. In addition, the embodiment of the present application makes little change to the transmitter, thereby improving the adaptability of the scene.
在前述对图4的描述中，接收机200调整了一次模拟数字转换器205的采样频率。在实际应用中，一次调整并不一定可以消除电域采用频差对光域采样频差。因此，接收机200可以多次调整模拟数字转换器的采样频率。具体地，在模拟数字转换器205根据第一电域采样频差调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率后，接收机200仍将开关401置于第二状态。此时，开关401用于向光电转换模块204传输接收机200接收的光信号。光电转换模块204用于将接收机200接收的光信号转换为第二模拟电信号。模拟数字转换器205用于根据调整后的采样频率将第二模拟电信号转换为第二数字电信号。采样频差估计模块用于根据第二数字电信号获取第二电域采样频差。当第二电域采样频差小于第一阈值时，接收机200将开关401置于第一状态。当第二电域采样频差大于或等于第一阈值时，接收机200仍将开关401置于第二状态。接收机200重复前述第二状态下的步骤，直至第二数字电信号的电域采样频差小于第一阈值。因此，通过多次调整模拟数字转换器的采样频率，可以进一步降低模拟数字转换器的采样频率误差，进而提高消噪的可靠性。In the above description of FIG. 4 , the receiver 200 adjusts the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 205 once. In practical applications, one adjustment does not necessarily eliminate the sampling frequency difference of the optical domain using the frequency difference in the electrical domain. Therefore, the receiver 200 can adjust the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter multiple times. Specifically, after the analog-to-digital converter 205 adjusts the sampling frequency according to the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference and obtains the adjusted sampling frequency, the receiver 200 still places the switch 401 in the second state. At this time, the switch 401 is used to transmit the optical signal received by the receiver 200 to the optoelectronic conversion module 204. The optoelectronic conversion module 204 is used to convert the optical signal received by the receiver 200 into a second analog electrical signal. The analog-to-digital converter 205 is used to convert the second analog electrical signal into a second digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. The sampling frequency difference estimation module is used to obtain the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal. When the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference is less than the first threshold, the receiver 200 places the switch 401 in the first state. When the second electrical domain sampling frequency difference is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the receiver 200 still places the switch 401 in the second state. The receiver 200 repeats the steps in the second state until the electrical domain sampling frequency difference of the second digital electrical signal is less than the first threshold. Therefore, by adjusting the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter multiple times, the sampling frequency error of the analog-to-digital converter can be further reduced, thereby improving the reliability of noise cancellation.
根据前述对图4的描述可知，接收机200可以获取第一数字电信号的光域采样频差，根据光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号。但是，在实际应用中，为了提高消噪的可靠性，接收机200需要得到较为准确的延迟线控制信号。因此，接收机200可能需要经过多次循环才能得到较为准确的延迟线控制信号。为了降低循环的次数，提高调整的效率，接收机 200可以根据同步序列获取光域采样频差。According to the above description of FIG. 4, the receiver 200 can obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first digital electrical signal and adjust the delay line control signal according to the optical domain sampling frequency difference. However, in practical applications, in order to improve the reliability of noise reduction, the receiver 200 needs to obtain a more accurate delay line control signal. Therefore, the receiver 200 may need to go through multiple cycles to obtain a more accurate delay line control signal. In order to reduce the number of cycles and improve the efficiency of adjustment, the receiver 200 can obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference according to the synchronization sequence.
图5为本申请实施例中提供的接收机的第五个结构示意图。如图5所示，在图4的基础上，接收机200还包括序列生成器501。序列生成器501用于生成参考序列，向采样频差估计模块202传输参考序列。当开关401处于第一状态时，采样频差估计模块202用于从模拟数字转换器205接收第一数字电信号。第一数字电信号包括同步序列和数据信号。采样频差估计模块202用于根据同步序列和参考序列做比对，得到光域采样频差。比对可以是对同步序列和参考序列做相关运算。同步序列和参考序列可以为伪随机序列。采样频差估计模块202用于向电压转换模块203传输光域采样频差。采样频差估计模块202用于输出数据信号。例如，接收机还包括处理器。处理器用于接收数据信号，对数据信号进行数据处理。FIG5 is a fifth structural diagram of a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5, based on FIG4, the receiver 200 further includes a sequence generator 501. The sequence generator 501 is used to generate a reference sequence and transmit the reference sequence to the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202. When the switch 401 is in the first state, the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to receive a first digital electrical signal from the analog-to-digital converter 205. The first digital electrical signal includes a synchronization sequence and a data signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to compare the synchronization sequence and the reference sequence to obtain an optical domain sampling frequency difference. The comparison may be a correlation operation performed on the synchronization sequence and the reference sequence. The synchronization sequence and the reference sequence may be pseudo-random sequences. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to transmit the optical domain sampling frequency difference to the voltage conversion module 203. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to output a data signal. For example, the receiver further includes a processor. The processor is used to receive a data signal and perform data processing on the data signal.
在实际应用中，延迟线的延迟肯定存在偏差，即第一电信号的光域采样频差肯定存在。若存在偏差便调整延迟线控制信号，则会浪费接收机200的资源。为此，本申请可以设定第二阈值。当采样频差估计模块202获取的光域采样频差大于第二阈值时，接收机200根据光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号。当光域采样频差小于或等于第二阈值时，接收机200不根据光域采样频差调整延迟线控制信号。因此，本申请实施例可以节约接收机200的资源。In practical applications, there must be a deviation in the delay of the delay line, that is, the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first electrical signal must exist. If the delay line control signal is adjusted when there is a deviation, the resources of the receiver 200 will be wasted. To this end, the present application can set a second threshold. When the optical domain sampling frequency difference obtained by the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is greater than the second threshold, the receiver 200 adjusts the delay line control signal according to the optical domain sampling frequency difference. When the optical domain sampling frequency difference is less than or equal to the second threshold, the receiver 200 does not adjust the delay line control signal according to the optical domain sampling frequency difference. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can save the resources of the receiver 200.
应理解，前述图2a至图5中的接收机200只是本申请提供的一些示例。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需求对接收机200进行适应性的修改。适应性的修改可以包括以下的一项或多项内容。It should be understood that the receiver 200 in the above-mentioned FIG. 2a to FIG. 5 are only some examples provided by the present application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art may make adaptive modifications to the receiver 200 according to requirements. The adaptive modifications may include one or more of the following contents.
例如，在图5中，采样频差估计模块202包括时钟恢复模块和光均衡器采样频率估计模块。图6为本申请实施例中提供的采样频差估计模块的结构示意图。如图6所示，采样频差估计模块202包括时钟恢复模块601和光均衡器采样频率估计模块602。当开关401处于第二状态时，时钟恢复模块601用于从模拟数字转换器205接收第二数字电信号。时钟恢复模块601用于获取根据第二数字电信号获取第一电域采样频差，向模拟数字转换器205传输第一电域采样频差。时钟恢复模块601还用于向光均衡器采样频率估计模块602传输第二数字电信号。光均衡器采样频率估计模块602用于输出第二数字电信号。当开关401处于第一状态时，时钟恢复模块601用于从模拟数字转换器205接收第一数字电信号，向光均衡器采样频率估计模块602传输第一数字电信号。光均衡器采样频率估计模块602用于获取第一数字电信号的光域采样频差，向电压转换模块(图6中未示出)传输光域采样频差。光均衡器采样频率估计模块602还用于输出第一数字电信号。For example, in FIG5 , the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 includes a clock recovery module and an optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module. FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling frequency difference estimation module provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 includes a clock recovery module 601 and an optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602. When the switch 401 is in the second state, the clock recovery module 601 is used to receive a second digital electrical signal from the analog-to-digital converter 205. The clock recovery module 601 is used to obtain a first electrical domain sampling frequency difference according to the second digital electrical signal, and transmit the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference to the analog-to-digital converter 205. The clock recovery module 601 is also used to transmit a second digital electrical signal to the optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602. The optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602 is used to output a second digital electrical signal. When the switch 401 is in the first state, the clock recovery module 601 is used to receive a first digital electrical signal from the analog-to-digital converter 205, and transmit the first digital electrical signal to the optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602. The optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602 is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the first digital electrical signal and transmit the optical domain sampling frequency difference to the voltage conversion module (not shown in FIG. 6 ). The optical equalizer sampling frequency estimation module 602 is also used to output the first digital electrical signal.
例如，在图3至图5中，接收机200还包括时钟模块。在图3中，时钟模块用于从电滤波器301接收时钟信号。时钟模块用于将时钟信号转换为模拟数字转换器205的采样时钟信号，向模拟数字转换器205传输采样时钟信号。在图4或图5中，时钟模块用于从采样频差估计模块202接收第一电域采样频差。时钟模块用于将第一电域采样频差转换为模拟数字转换器205的调整后的采样时钟信号。调整后的采样时钟信号包括采样信号+采样频差。时钟模块用于向模拟数字转换器205传输调整后的采样时钟信号。For example, in Figures 3 to 5, the receiver 200 also includes a clock module. In Figure 3, the clock module is used to receive a clock signal from the electrical filter 301. The clock module is used to convert the clock signal into a sampling clock signal of the analog-to-digital converter 205, and transmit the sampling clock signal to the analog-to-digital converter 205. In Figures 4 or 5, the clock module is used to receive the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference from the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202. The clock module is used to convert the first electrical domain sampling frequency difference into an adjusted sampling clock signal of the analog-to-digital converter 205. The adjusted sampling clock signal includes the sampling signal+sampling frequency difference. The clock module is used to transmit the adjusted sampling clock signal to the analog-to-digital converter 205.
例如，在图2a至图5中，电压转换模块203包括电压转换器和数字模拟转换器。电压转换器从采样频差估计模块202接收光域采样频差，将光域采样频差转换为数字电信号。 数字模拟转换器用于将数字电信号转换为模拟电信号。模拟电信号即为延迟线控制信号。For example, in FIG. 2a to FIG. 5, the voltage conversion module 203 includes a voltage converter and a digital-to-analog converter. The voltage converter receives the optical domain sampling frequency difference from the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 and converts the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a digital electrical signal. The digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the digital electrical signal into an analog electrical signal. The analog electrical signal is the delay line control signal.
例如，在图2b中，接收机200还包括序列生成器501。序列生成器501用于生成参考序列。采样频差估计模块202用于从模拟数字转换器205接收第一数字电信号。第一数字电信号中携带同步序列。采样频差估计模块202用于根据同步序列和参考序列得到光域采样频差。采样频差估计模块202还用于输出第一数字电信号。For example, in FIG2b, the receiver 200 further includes a sequence generator 501. The sequence generator 501 is used to generate a reference sequence. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to receive a first digital electrical signal from the analog-to-digital converter 205. The first digital electrical signal carries a synchronization sequence. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to obtain an optical domain sampling frequency difference according to the synchronization sequence and the reference sequence. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is also used to output a first digital electrical signal.
例如，在图4中，采样频差估计模块202可以位于光电转换模块204之前。此时，当开关401处于第二状态时，开关401用于向光电转换模块204传输接收机200接收的光信号。当开关401处于第一状态时，开关401用于向光均衡器201传输接收机200接收的光信号。光均衡器201用于根据延迟线控制信号降低接收机200接收的光信号中的噪声，得到第一光信号。光均衡器201用于向采样频差估计模块202传输第一光信号。采样频差估计模块202用于根据第一光信号得到光均衡器201的光域采样频差。采样频差估计模块202还用于向光电转换模块204传输第一光信号。关于其它模块的描述，可以参考图4中的相关描述。For example, in FIG4 , the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 may be located before the optoelectronic conversion module 204. At this time, when the switch 401 is in the second state, the switch 401 is used to transmit the optical signal received by the receiver 200 to the optoelectronic conversion module 204. When the switch 401 is in the first state, the switch 401 is used to transmit the optical signal received by the receiver 200 to the optical equalizer 201. The optical equalizer 201 is used to reduce the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver 200 according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The optical equalizer 201 is used to transmit the first optical signal to the sampling frequency difference estimation module 202. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer 201 according to the first optical signal. The sampling frequency difference estimation module 202 is also used to transmit the first optical signal to the optoelectronic conversion module 204. For the description of other modules, please refer to the relevant description in FIG4 .
例如，在图2a至图5中，接收机200还包括处理器和存储器。处理器用于对第一数字电信号进行数据处理。处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以是硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。存储器用于存储第一数字电信号。存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、或闪存等。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。For example, in Figures 2a to 5, the receiver 200 also includes a processor and a memory. The processor is used to perform data processing on the first digital electrical signal. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP) or a combination of a CPU and a NP. The processor may also be a hardware chip or other general-purpose processor. The above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof. The memory is used to store the first digital electrical signal. The memory may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or a flash memory, etc. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM).
前面对本申请中提供的接收机进行描述，下面对本申请中提供的接收方法进行描述。图7为本申请实施例中提供的接收方法的流程示意图。如图7所示，接收方法包括以下步骤。The receiver provided in the present application is described above, and the receiving method provided in the present application is described below. Figure 7 is a flow chart of the receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the receiving method includes the following steps.
在步骤701中，接收机根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。接收机包括光均衡器。在对接收机接收的光信号进行光电转换前，接收机通过光均衡器降低接收机接收的光信号中的噪声，得到第一光信号。光均衡器中包括延迟线。延迟线控制信号用于控制延迟线的延迟。In step 701, the receiver adjusts the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The receiver includes an optical equalizer. Before performing photoelectric conversion on the optical signal received by the receiver, the receiver reduces the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver through the optical equalizer to obtain the first optical signal. The optical equalizer includes a delay line. The delay line control signal is used to control the delay of the delay line.
在步骤702中，接收机根据第一光信号获取光均衡器的光域采样频差。其中，接收机还可以包括光电转换模块和模拟数字转换器。在降低了接收机接收的光信号中的噪声后，接收机通过光电转换模块将第一光信号转换为第一模拟电信号。在得到第一模拟电信号后，接收机通过模拟数字转换器将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。接收机可以通过测量第一光信号、第一模拟电信号或第一数字电信号得到光均衡器的光域采样频差。In step 702, the receiver obtains the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer according to the first optical signal. The receiver may further include a photoelectric conversion module and an analog-to-digital converter. After reducing the noise in the optical signal received by the receiver, the receiver converts the first optical signal into a first analog electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion module. After obtaining the first analog electrical signal, the receiver converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal through the analog-to-digital converter. The receiver may obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer by measuring the first optical signal, the first analog electrical signal or the first digital electrical signal.
在步骤703中，接收机将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。光域采样频差可以是第一数字电信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，或第一光信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值，或者或第一模拟电信号的幅值和参考幅值的差值。接收机将差值转换为新的延迟线控制信号。In step 703, the receiver converts the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The optical domain sampling frequency difference may be the difference between the amplitude of the first digital electrical signal and the reference amplitude, or the difference between the amplitude of the first optical signal and the reference amplitude, or the difference between the amplitude of the first analog electrical signal and the reference amplitude. The receiver converts the difference into a new delay line control signal.
在步骤704中，接收机根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机接收的光信号的功率。应理解，关于本申请中接收方法的描述，可以参考前述图2a至图6中对接收机的相关描述。例如，第一模拟电信号包括时钟信号。接收机从第一模拟电信号中获取时钟信号。接收机根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。又例如，接收机还通过开关调整模拟数字转换器的采样频率。又例如，第一数字电信号包括同步序列。接收机通过同步序列和参考同步序列获取光域采样频差。例如，在步骤704后，接收机可以重复执行步骤701至步骤702。接收机再次获取光均衡器的光域采样频差。若光均衡器的光域采样频差大于第二阈值，则接收机重复执行步骤703、步骤704、步骤701和步骤702，直至光均衡器的光域采样频差小于或等于第二阈值。In step 704, the receiver adjusts the power of the optical signal received by the receiver according to the new delay line control signal. It should be understood that for the description of the receiving method in the present application, reference can be made to the relevant description of the receiver in Figures 2a to 6 above. For example, the first analog electrical signal includes a clock signal. The receiver obtains the clock signal from the first analog electrical signal. The receiver adjusts the sampling frequency according to the clock signal to obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver converts the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. For another example, the receiver also adjusts the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter through a switch. For another example, the first digital electrical signal includes a synchronization sequence. The receiver obtains the optical domain sampling frequency difference through the synchronization sequence and the reference synchronization sequence. For example, after step 704, the receiver can repeat steps 701 to 702. The receiver obtains the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer again. If the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer is greater than the second threshold, the receiver repeatedly executes step 703, step 704, step 701 and step 702 until the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer is less than or equal to the second threshold.
应理解，为了长期的保证消噪的可靠性，接收机可以周期性地执行步骤701至步骤704。例如，接收机每过一个小时至少执行一次步骤701至步骤704。It should be understood that in order to ensure the reliability of noise cancellation in the long term, the receiver may periodically perform steps 701 to 704. For example, the receiver performs steps 701 to 704 at least once every hour.
前面对本申请中的接收方法进行描述，下面对本申请中提供的光通信系统进行描述。图8为本申请实施例中提供的光通信系统的结构示意图。如图8所示，光通信系统800包括发射机801和接收机802。发射机801和接收机802通过光纤相连。发射机801用于向接收机802传输接收机802接收的光信号。接收机802用于根据延迟线控制信号调整接收机802接收的光信号的功率，得到第一光信号。接收机802还用于根据第一光信号得到光均衡器的光域采样频差。接收机802还用于将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。接收机802还用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整接收机802接收的光信号的功率。The receiving method in the present application is described above, and the optical communication system provided in the present application is described below. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the optical communication system 800 includes a transmitter 801 and a receiver 802. The transmitter 801 and the receiver 802 are connected via an optical fiber. The transmitter 801 is used to transmit an optical signal received by the receiver 802 to the receiver 802. The receiver 802 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 802 according to the delay line control signal to obtain a first optical signal. The receiver 802 is also used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the optical equalizer according to the first optical signal. The receiver 802 is also used to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The receiver 802 is also used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the receiver 802 according to the new delay line control signal.
应理解，关于接收机802的相关描述，可以参考前述图2a至图6中对接收机的描述。例如，发射机801用于根据第一模拟电信号生成接收机802接收的光信号。第一模拟电信号中携带数据信号时钟信号。接收机802用于在第一模拟电信号中滤出时钟信号，根据时钟信号调整采样频率，得到调整后的采样频率。接收机802用于根据调整后的采样频率将第一模拟电信号转换为第一数字电信号。又例如，发射机801用于根据第一数字电信号生成第一模拟电信号。第一数字电信号中包括同步序列。接收机802用于生成参考序列。接收机802用于根据同步序列和参考序列得到光域采样频差。It should be understood that for the relevant description of the receiver 802, reference can be made to the description of the receiver in the aforementioned Figures 2a to 6. For example, the transmitter 801 is used to generate an optical signal received by the receiver 802 based on a first analog electrical signal. The first analog electrical signal carries a data signal clock signal. The receiver 802 is used to filter out the clock signal from the first analog electrical signal, adjust the sampling frequency according to the clock signal, and obtain the adjusted sampling frequency. The receiver 802 is used to convert the first analog electrical signal into a first digital electrical signal according to the adjusted sampling frequency. For another example, the transmitter 801 is used to generate a first analog electrical signal based on a first digital electrical signal. The first digital electrical signal includes a synchronization sequence. The receiver 802 is used to generate a reference sequence. The receiver 802 is used to obtain an optical domain sampling frequency difference based on the synchronization sequence and the reference sequence.
在实际应用中，发射机801也可以实现和接收机802类似的功能。具体地，接收机802用于向发射机801传输光信号。发射机801用于根据延迟线控制信号调整发射机801接收的光信号的功率，得到第二光信号。发射机801还用于将第二光信号转换为第三模拟电信号，将第三模拟电信号转换为第三数字电信号。发射机801还用于将第三模拟电信号转换为第三数字电信号。发射机801还用于获取第三数字电信号的光域采样频差。发射机801还用于将光域采样频差转换为新的延迟线控制信号。发射机801还用于根据新的延迟线控制信号调整发射机801接收的光信号的功率。因此，关于发射机801的描述，参考前述图2a至图6中对接收机的描述。In practical applications, the transmitter 801 can also implement functions similar to those of the receiver 802. Specifically, the receiver 802 is used to transmit an optical signal to the transmitter 801. The transmitter 801 is used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the transmitter 801 according to the delay line control signal to obtain a second optical signal. The transmitter 801 is also used to convert the second optical signal into a third analog electrical signal, and convert the third analog electrical signal into a third digital electrical signal. The transmitter 801 is also used to convert the third analog electrical signal into a third digital electrical signal. The transmitter 801 is also used to obtain the optical domain sampling frequency difference of the third digital electrical signal. The transmitter 801 is also used to convert the optical domain sampling frequency difference into a new delay line control signal. The transmitter 801 is also used to adjust the power of the optical signal received by the transmitter 801 according to the new delay line control signal. Therefore, for the description of the transmitter 801, refer to the description of the receiver in the aforementioned Figures 2a to 6.
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/CN2021/139996WO2023115315A1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Receiver, receiving method and optical communication system |
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| CN118525457Atrue CN118525457A (en) | 2024-08-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202180104978.0APendingCN118525457A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Receiver, receiving method and optical communication system |
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| WO (1) | WO2023115315A1 (en) |
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