技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于移相变压器技术领域，具体涉及一种相角对称的移相变压器及相位角调节装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of phase-shifting transformers, and in particular relates to a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer and a phase-angle adjusting device.
背景技术Background Art
移相变压器是一种能够改变电压相位和幅值的特种变压器。串联在线路中，可以有效改善电网的电压分布，降低线路损耗，于优化电力传输、改善电网结构、提高电能质量具有重要意义。Phase-shifting transformer is a special transformer that can change the voltage phase and amplitude. When connected in series in the line, it can effectively improve the voltage distribution of the power grid and reduce line losses. It is of great significance to optimize power transmission, improve the power grid structure, and improve the quality of power.
目前市场上的移相变压器，从铁芯结构异同可划分为单芯型和双芯型。现有的单芯型的移相变压器移相范围偏小，有载分接开关需要布置于线端，运行环境恶劣，不适用于高压输电线路。双芯型的移相变压器虽然可以有载分接开关可以布置于中性点，但占地面积大、制造成本高。The phase-shifting transformers currently on the market can be divided into single-core and double-core types based on the differences in the core structure. The existing single-core phase-shifting transformer has a small phase-shifting range, and the on-load tap changer needs to be arranged at the line end. The operating environment is harsh and it is not suitable for high-voltage transmission lines. Although the on-load tap changer of the double-core phase-shifting transformer can be arranged at the neutral point, it occupies a large area and has a high manufacturing cost.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提供一种适用于高电压等级、中性点调相、单芯结构的新型拓扑移相变压器，以解决现有单芯结构或双芯结构移相变压器存在的上述问题。In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a new topology phase-shifting transformer suitable for high voltage level, neutral point phase modulation, and single-core structure, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing single-core structure or double-core structure phase-shifting transformer.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供以下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
第一方面，本发明提供了一种相角对称的移相变压器，采用单芯结构，包含三相，每相均包括：In a first aspect, the present invention provides a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle, which adopts a single-core structure and includes three phases, each phase including:
主绕组，包括第一主绕组和第二主绕组；A main winding, comprising a first main winding and a second main winding;
辅助绕组，包括第一辅助绕组和第二辅助绕组；Auxiliary windings, including a first auxiliary winding and a second auxiliary winding;
分接开关装置，分接开关装置在每个辅助绕组处均配备有极性选择功能，用于连接主绕组与相邻相的辅助绕组，且能够改变连接的极性；A tap changer device, the tap changer device is equipped with a polarity selection function at each auxiliary winding, used to connect the main winding with the auxiliary winding of the adjacent phase, and can change the polarity of the connection;
当前相的第一主绕组的一端和第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组之间、当前相的第二主绕组的一端和第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组之间，分别通过分接开关装置在对应辅助绕组处极性相同的一个极性连接；One end of the first main winding of the current phase and the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase, and one end of the second main winding of the current phase and the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase are respectively connected at the corresponding auxiliary windings through a tap switch device with the same polarity;
分接开关装置在第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组处的两个极性以及在第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组处的两个极性之间异极性连接；The tap changer device is connected with opposite polarity between two polarities at the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase and two polarities at the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase;
当前相的第一主绕组和第二主绕组的另一端分别直接或间接与外部线路的电源端或负载端相连，以构成电路回路；The other ends of the first main winding and the second main winding of the current phase are respectively directly or indirectly connected to the power supply end or the load end of the external circuit to form a circuit loop;
辅助绕组还通过与分接开关装置连接引出至少一个中性点输出，用于系统中性点的建立或连接；The auxiliary winding also leads out at least one neutral point output by connecting to the tap changer device, which is used for establishing or connecting the neutral point of the system;
分接开关装置允许在不同档位间切换，以便调节辅助绕组的电压比率，进而实现电压和相位的同时调节。The tap changer device allows switching between different gears to adjust the voltage ratio of the auxiliary winding, thereby achieving simultaneous voltage and phase regulation.
进一步地，分接开关装置通过配置极性选择器实现极性选择功能。Furthermore, the tap changer device realizes the polarity selection function by configuring a polarity selector.
进一步地，分接开关装置还与控制模块连接，控制模块用于根据预设算法动态调节辅助绕组与主绕组之间的连接状态，分接开关装置被配置为根据控制模块的指令，调整辅助绕组与主绕组之间的连接状态，以动态调节相位角。Furthermore, the tap changer device is also connected to a control module, which is used to dynamically adjust the connection state between the auxiliary winding and the main winding according to a preset algorithm. The tap changer device is configured to adjust the connection state between the auxiliary winding and the main winding according to the instructions of the control module to dynamically adjust the phase angle.
进一步地，控制模块按照下式确定移相角的大小：Furthermore, the control module determines the magnitude of the phase shift angle according to the following formula:
式中，为辅助绕组电压与输入电压的相角差，为输入电压向量与竖直基准线之间的夹角，为主绕组电压与辅助绕组电压幅值之比。In the formula, is the phase angle difference between the auxiliary winding voltage and the input voltage, is the angle between the input voltage vector and the vertical reference line, It is the ratio of the main winding voltage to the auxiliary winding voltage amplitude.
进一步地，分接开关装置还用于使移相变压器在正负分接模式下的相位角对称。Furthermore, the tap switch device is also used to make the phase angle of the phase-shifting transformer symmetrical in the positive and negative tap modes.
进一步地，连接状态包括连接方式和/或匝数比。Furthermore, the connection status includes a connection mode and/or a turns ratio.
进一步地，相角对称的移相变压器的所有绕组和分接开关装置在同一箱壳内部连接后引出或引出后再连接。Furthermore, all windings and tap-changing switch devices of the phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angles are connected inside the same housing and then led out, or led out and then connected.
第二方面，本发明提供了一种相位角调节装置，包括：In a second aspect, the present invention provides a phase angle adjustment device, comprising:
控制单元，被配置为根据目标调相角控制分接开关装置调整移相变压器绕组连接状态，以动态调节相位角；A control unit is configured to control the tap changer device to adjust the connection state of the phase-shifting transformer winding according to the target phase adjustment angle, so as to dynamically adjust the phase angle;
以及，与控制单元连接的移相变压器，移相变压器采用如第一方面的相角对称的移相变压器。And, a phase-shifting transformer connected to the control unit, wherein the phase-shifting transformer adopts the phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer as in the first aspect.
进一步地，控制单元按照下式确定移相角的大小：Furthermore, the control unit determines the magnitude of the phase shift angle according to the following formula:
式中，为辅助绕组电压与输入电压的相角差，为输入电压向量与竖直基准线之间的夹角，为主绕组电压与辅助绕组电压幅值之比。In the formula, is the phase angle difference between the auxiliary winding voltage and the input voltage, is the angle between the input voltage vector and the vertical reference line, It is the ratio of the main winding voltage to the auxiliary winding voltage amplitude.
进一步地，分接开关装置还用于使移相变压器在正负分接模式下的相位角对称。Furthermore, the tap switch device is also used to make the phase angle of the phase-shifting transformer symmetrical in the positive and negative tap modes.
综上，本发明提供了一种相角对称的移相变压器及相位角调节装置，采用单芯结构，包含三相，每相均包括：主绕组，包括第一主绕组和第二主绕组；辅助绕组，包括第一辅助绕组和第二辅助绕组；分接开关装置，分接开关装置在每个辅助绕组处均配备有极性选择功能，用于连接主绕组与相邻相的辅助绕组，且能够改变连接的极性；当前相的第一主绕组的一端和第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组之间、当前相的第二主绕组的一端和第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组之间，分别通过分接开关装置在对应辅助绕组处极性相同的一个极性连接；分接开关装置在第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组处的两个极性以及在第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组处的两个极性之间异极性连接；第一相的第一主绕组和第二主绕组的另一端分别直接或间接与外部线路的电源端或负载端相连，以构成电路回路；辅助绕组还通过与分接开关装置连接引出至少一个中性点输出，用于系统中性点的建立或连接；分接开关装置允许在不同档位间切换，以便调节辅助绕组的电压比率，进而实现电压和相位的同时调节。本发明采用单芯结构，相较于双芯型变压器，降低了占地面积；相较于现有单芯型变压器，本发明的移相变压器采用以上结构使得分接开关位于星接调相绕组的中心点，避免分接开关承受线端高电压冲击，降低分接开关的绝缘要求。In summary, the present invention provides a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer and a phase-angle adjusting device, which adopts a single-core structure and includes three phases, each phase including: a main winding, including a first main winding and a second main winding; an auxiliary winding, including a first auxiliary winding and a second auxiliary winding; a tap switch device, wherein the tap switch device is equipped with a polarity selection function at each auxiliary winding, which is used to connect the main winding with the auxiliary winding of the adjacent phase and can change the polarity of the connection; between one end of the first main winding of the current phase and the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase, and between one end of the second main winding of the current phase and the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase, respectively connected by the tap switch device The tap switch device is connected with a polarity of the same polarity at the corresponding auxiliary winding; the tap switch device is connected with different polarities between the two polarities at the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase and the two polarities at the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase; the other ends of the first main winding and the second main winding of the first phase are directly or indirectly connected to the power supply end or the load end of the external line to form a circuit loop; the auxiliary winding also leads out at least one neutral point output by connecting to the tap switch device, which is used to establish or connect the neutral point of the system; the tap switch device allows switching between different gears to adjust the voltage ratio of the auxiliary winding, thereby achieving simultaneous adjustment of voltage and phase. The present invention adopts a single-core structure, which reduces the floor space compared to the double-core transformer; compared to the existing single-core transformer, the phase-shifting transformer of the present invention adopts the above structure so that the tap switch is located at the center point of the star-connected phase-adjusting winding, avoiding the tap switch from being subjected to high voltage impact at the line end, and reducing the insulation requirements of the tap switch.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的相角对称的移相变压器的拓扑结构图；FIG1 is a topological structure diagram of a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的单心非对称型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图；FIG2 is a topology and voltage phase diagram of a single-core asymmetric phase-shifting transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的单心称型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图；FIG3 is a topology and voltage phase diagram of a single-core phase-shifting transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的三角-六边型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图；FIG4 is a diagram showing the topology and voltage phase of a triangular-hexagonal phase-shifting transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的双心非称型与对称型移相变压器拓扑图；FIG5 is a topological diagram of a dual-core asymmetric and symmetrical phase-shifting transformers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的相角对称的移相变压器绕组连接示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of connecting windings of a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angles provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图7a为本发明实施例提供的正分接下相角对称的移相变压器空载下电压矢量；FIG7a is a voltage vector of a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle under no-load condition provided by an embodiment of the present invention under positive tapping;
图7b为本发明实施例提供的负分接下相角对称的移相变压器空载下电压矢量；FIG7 b is a voltage vector of a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle under no-load condition provided by an embodiment of the present invention under negative tapping;
图8为本发明实施例提供的调相角相对关系图。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relative relationship of phase modulation angles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使得本发明的目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
由于能源供应中心与电力负荷中心分离，电力系统逐步向高电压、大容量、大规模、互联和远距离输电的趋势发展。这种发展趋势促进了区域电网的互联，有效提升了供电的可靠性。但电网容量不断增大，系统结构的日益复杂也带来了一系列挑战和问题。As the energy supply center is separated from the power load center, the power system is gradually developing towards high voltage, large capacity, large scale, interconnection and long-distance transmission. This development trend promotes the interconnection of regional power grids and effectively improves the reliability of power supply. However, the continuous increase in power grid capacity and the increasing complexity of the system structure have also brought a series of challenges and problems.
在区域电网的互联中，系统潮流取决于各节点的负荷，当不采取任何控制手段时，并行线路、环网网络的潮流按阻抗分布。功率的自然分布可能会造成线路潮流分布不合理，使得部分线路承载了过重的负荷，而另一些线路的利用率却相对较低。这种不均衡的负载分配不仅影响了电力系统的整体效率，还可能对电网的安全稳定运行构成威胁。因此，需要采取相应的潮流控制手段对线路的传输功率进行调节。In the interconnection of regional power grids, the system flow depends on the load of each node. When no control measures are taken, the flow of parallel lines and ring networks is distributed according to impedance. The natural distribution of power may cause unreasonable distribution of line flow, causing some lines to carry excessive loads while other lines have relatively low utilization rates. This unbalanced load distribution not only affects the overall efficiency of the power system, but may also pose a threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to take appropriate flow control measures to adjust the transmission power of the line.
移相变压器是一种能够改变电压相位和幅值的特种变压器。串联在线路中，可以有效改善电网的电压分布，降低线路损耗，于优化电力传输、改善电网结构、提高电能质量具有重要意义。Phase-shifting transformer is a special transformer that can change the voltage phase and amplitude. When connected in series in the line, it can effectively improve the voltage distribution of the power grid and reduce line losses. It is of great significance to optimize power transmission, improve the power grid structure, and improve the quality of power.
目前市场上的移相变压器，从铁芯结构异同可划分为单铁芯型和双铁芯型，从移相后电压幅值变化可划分为非对称型、对称型。The phase-shifting transformers currently on the market can be divided into single-core and double-core types based on the differences in core structure, and can be divided into asymmetric and symmetric types based on the change in voltage amplitude after phase shifting.
若移相变压器的励磁单元和串联单元共用一个铁心，则为单芯型；若励磁单元和串联单元分别使用独立的铁心，则为双芯型。移相后不改变线路电压幅值的为对称型，反之则为非对称型。If the excitation unit and series unit of the phase-shifting transformer share the same core, it is a single-core type; if the excitation unit and series unit use independent cores, it is a double-core type. The symmetrical type does not change the line voltage amplitude after phase shifting, otherwise it is an asymmetrical type.
单芯式的优缺点：结构简单，但调压绕组与有载分接开关直接连到线端，直接耐受短路电流及过电压，必要时需要串电抗器及避雷器，多用于110kV及以下电压等级。Advantages and disadvantages of the single-core type: The structure is simple, but the voltage regulating winding and the on-load tap changer are directly connected to the line end, directly withstanding short-circuit current and overvoltage. If necessary, series reactors and lightning arresters are required. It is mostly used for voltage levels of 110kV and below.
双芯式的优缺点：分接开关在中性点侧，有效地降低了绝缘水平。双芯式结构的PST在零移相角时，依然有足够的阻抗来满足产品的抗短路能力要求，不用串接电抗器。该结构缺点是结构复杂，但是组合灵活，设计自由度大。Advantages and disadvantages of the double-core type: The tap changer is on the neutral point side, which effectively reduces the insulation level. The double-core PST still has enough impedance to meet the product's short-circuit resistance requirements at zero phase shift angle, without the need for a series reactor. The disadvantage of this structure is that it is complex, but the combination is flexible and the design freedom is large.
请参阅图1，图1是一些实施例中以相1为例的相角对称的移相变压器的拓扑结构图。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a topological structure diagram of a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle, taking phase 1 as an example in some embodiments.
下面对典型移相变压器连接拓扑进行简要介绍。The following is a brief introduction to the typical phase-shifting transformer connection topology.
请参阅图2，图2是单心非对称型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图。Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a topology and voltage phase diagram of a single-core asymmetrical phase-shifting transformer.
以A相为例：与VBC耦合的二次侧调压绕组串联在A相线路中，由于VBC和VSA的相位相互垂直，因此补偿电压ΔVA与VSA成正交关系。调整调压绕组上的分接开关和极性开关，就可以改变补偿电压ΔVA的大小和方向，以调节移相角α。Take phase A as an example: the secondary voltage regulating winding coupled with VBC is connected in series in the phase A circuit. Since the phases ofVBC andVSA are perpendicular to each other, the compensation voltageΔVA is orthogonal toVSA . By adjusting the tap switch and polarity switch on the voltage regulating winding, the magnitude and direction of the compensation voltageΔVA can be changed to adjust the phase shift angle α.
非对称型移相变压器移相后会改变电压幅值，移相角越大，电压幅值的改变量也越大，可能导致移相后线路电压越限，因此非对称型移相变压器的移相范围较小。An asymmetric phase-shifting transformer will change the voltage amplitude after phase shifting. The larger the phase shift angle, the greater the change in voltage amplitude, which may cause the line voltage to exceed the limit after phase shifting. Therefore, the phase shift range of an asymmetric phase-shifting transformer is smaller.
请参阅图3，图3是单心对称型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a topology and voltage phase diagram of a single-core symmetrical phase-shifting transformer.
单心对称型调压绕组被平均分为2个部分，即源侧绕组和负载侧绕组，两侧绕组均装有有载分接开关，其挡位需保持一致，使两侧绕组上的补偿电压相等。The single-core symmetrical voltage regulating winding is evenly divided into two parts, namely the source side winding and the load side winding. Both sides of the winding are equipped with on-load tap changers, and their gear positions must be kept consistent so that the compensation voltages on both sides of the windings are equal.
请参阅图4，图4是三角-六边型移相变压器拓扑与电压相位图。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a diagram showing the topology and voltage phase of a triangular-hexagonal phase-shifting transformer.
与单芯对称相似，调压绕组被平均分为2个部分，即源侧绕组和负载侧绕组，两侧绕组均装有有载分接开关，档位保持一致，两侧绕组上的补偿电压相。主要区别是内三角绕组与调压线圈连接一起后，再串联一起形成六边形连接。Similar to the single-core symmetry, the voltage regulating winding is evenly divided into two parts, namely the source side winding and the load side winding. Both windings are equipped with on-load tap changers, the gear position remains consistent, and the compensation voltage on both windings is the same. The main difference is that the inner triangle winding is connected to the voltage regulating coil and then connected in series to form a hexagonal connection.
请参阅图5，图5是双心非对称型与对称型移相变压器拓扑图。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a topological diagram of a dual-core asymmetrical and symmetrical phase-shifting transformer.
单芯型移相变压器的调压绕组和有载分接开关直接串联在线路中，有载分接开关直接受到系统过电压和短路电流的影响，这对有载分接开关的安全稳定运行不利，因此不适用于高电压等级，当电压等级为220kV及以上时，需要使用串联变压器将调压绕组与线路隔离，即双芯型。The voltage regulating winding and on-load tap changer of the single-core phase-shifting transformer are directly connected in series in the line. The on-load tap changer is directly affected by the system overvoltage and short-circuit current, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the on-load tap changer. Therefore, it is not suitable for high voltage levels. When the voltage level is 220kV and above, a series transformer is required to isolate the voltage regulating winding from the line, that is, a double-core type.
双芯型移相变压器的励磁单元和串联单元分别使用单独的变压器，有载分接开关通过串联变压器与系统隔离，不再受到系统过电压及短路电流的直接影响，适用于高电压等级。表1是不同拓扑结构移相变压器对比。The excitation unit and series unit of the double-core phase-shifting transformer use separate transformers. The on-load tap changer is isolated from the system through the series transformer and is no longer directly affected by the system overvoltage and short-circuit current. It is suitable for high voltage levels. Table 1 is a comparison of phase-shifting transformers with different topologies.
表1 不同拓扑结构移相变压器对比Table 1 Comparison of different topological structures of phase-shifting transformers
综上所述，现有的单芯结构移相变压器存在移相范围偏小，有载分接开关需要布置于线端，运行环境恶劣，不适用于高压输电线路。双芯结构移相变压器虽然可以有载分接开关可以布置于中性点，但占地面积大、制造成本高。为此，本发明提出一种适用高电压等级（220kV及以上）、中性点调相、单心结构的相角对称的移相变压器及其相位角调节装置。In summary, the existing single-core phase-shifting transformer has a small phase-shifting range, the on-load tap changer needs to be arranged at the line end, the operating environment is harsh, and it is not suitable for high-voltage transmission lines. Although the on-load tap changer of the double-core phase-shifting transformer can be arranged at the neutral point, it occupies a large area and has a high manufacturing cost. To this end, the present invention proposes a phase-shifting transformer with a symmetrical phase angle suitable for high voltage levels (220kV and above), neutral point phase adjustment, and a single-core structure, and a phase angle adjustment device thereof.
以下对本发明的一种相角对称的移相变压器的实施例进行详细的介绍。The following is a detailed introduction to an embodiment of a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer of the present invention.
本实施例提供一种相角对称的移相变压器，采用单芯结构，包含三相，每相均包括：主绕组，包括第一主绕组和第二主绕组；辅助绕组，包括第一辅助绕组和第二辅助绕组；分接开关装置，分接开关装置在每个辅助绕组处均配备有极性选择功能，用于连接主绕组与相邻相的辅助绕组，且能够改变连接的极性；当前相的第一主绕组的一端和第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组之间、当前相的第二主绕组的一端和第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组之间，分别通过分接开关装置在对应辅助绕组处极性相同的一个极性连接；分接开关装置在第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组处的两个极性以及在第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组处的两个极性之间异极性连接；当前相的第一主绕组和第二主绕组的另一端分别直接或间接与外部线路的电源端或负载端相连，以构成电路回路；辅助绕组还通过与分接开关装置连接引出至少一个中性点输出，用于系统中性点的建立或连接；分接开关装置允许在不同档位间切换，以便调节辅助绕组的电压比率，进而实现电压和相位的同时调节。The present embodiment provides a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle, which adopts a single-core structure and includes three phases, each phase including: a main winding, including a first main winding and a second main winding; an auxiliary winding, including a first auxiliary winding and a second auxiliary winding; a tap switch device, wherein the tap switch device is equipped with a polarity selection function at each auxiliary winding, and is used to connect the main winding with the auxiliary winding of the adjacent phase, and can change the polarity of the connection; between one end of the first main winding of the current phase and the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase, and between one end of the second main winding of the current phase and the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase, respectively, through the tap switch device at the corresponding auxiliary winding The tap switch device is connected with a same polarity at the winding; the tap switch device is connected with different polarities between the two polarities at the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase and the two polarities at the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase; the other ends of the first main winding and the second main winding of the current phase are respectively directly or indirectly connected to the power supply end or the load end of the external line to form a circuit loop; the auxiliary winding also leads out at least one neutral point output by connecting to the tap switch device, which is used for establishing or connecting the neutral point of the system; the tap switch device allows switching between different gears to adjust the voltage ratio of the auxiliary winding, thereby realizing simultaneous adjustment of voltage and phase.
需要说明的是，本实施例的相角对称的移相变压器为三相结构，能处理三相交流电系统，适合于电力传输、电机控制等多相应用环境。每相包含四个主要部分：至少两个主绕组、第一辅助绕组、第二辅助绕组以及分接开关装置，用于实现电压和相位的调节。It should be noted that the phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer of this embodiment is a three-phase structure, which can process a three-phase AC system and is suitable for multi-phase application environments such as power transmission and motor control. Each phase includes four main parts: at least two main windings, a first auxiliary winding, a second auxiliary winding and a tapping switch device, which are used to adjust the voltage and phase.
当前相（如相1）的第一主绕组通过分接开关装置的极性选择功能连接至相邻相（相2或相3）的第一辅助绕组，这个极性选择功能的作用是通过改变连接到相2（或相3）辅助绕组的极性，来调整电压和相位。具体来说，通过极性选择功能的一个极性连接到相2（或相3）的第一辅助绕组，另一个极性则连接到相3（或相2）的第二辅助绕组。The first main winding of the current phase (such as phase 1) is connected to the first auxiliary winding of the adjacent phase (phase 2 or phase 3) through the polarity selection function of the tap changer. The role of this polarity selection function is to adjust the voltage and phase by changing the polarity of the auxiliary winding connected to phase 2 (or phase 3). Specifically, one polarity of the polarity selection function is connected to the first auxiliary winding of phase 2 (or phase 3), and the other polarity is connected to the second auxiliary winding of phase 3 (or phase 2).
当前相（如相1）的第二主绕组通过分接开关装置的极性选择功能连接至另一个相邻相（相3或相2）的第二辅助绕组，其连接模式与第一主绕组的辅助绕组交叉，即如果第一主绕组连接到相2的辅助绕组，则第二主绕组则连接到相3的辅助绕组，反之亦然。这种交叉配置增加了电压和相位调节的灵活性。当前相的第一主绕组与第一相邻相的第一辅助绕组、第二主绕组与第二相邻相的第二辅助绕组之间，通过分接开关以相同极性相连，实现了相位的精准控制。而第一相邻相和第二相邻相的辅助绕组之间则通过异极性连接，进一步调节相位差。The second main winding of the current phase (such as phase 1) is connected to the second auxiliary winding of another adjacent phase (phase 3 or phase 2) through the polarity selection function of the tapping switch device. Its connection mode is crossed with the auxiliary winding of the first main winding, that is, if the first main winding is connected to the auxiliary winding of phase 2, the second main winding is connected to the auxiliary winding of phase 3, and vice versa. This cross configuration increases the flexibility of voltage and phase regulation. The first main winding of the current phase and the first auxiliary winding of the first adjacent phase, and the second main winding and the second auxiliary winding of the second adjacent phase are connected with the same polarity through the tapping switch, realizing precise phase control. The auxiliary windings of the first adjacent phase and the second adjacent phase are connected with different polarities to further adjust the phase difference.
第一主绕组和第二主绕组的另一端分别连接到电力系统的进线或出线端，形成闭合回路，确保电能的传输。The other ends of the first main winding and the second main winding are respectively connected to the incoming or outgoing end of the power system to form a closed loop to ensure the transmission of electric energy.
辅助绕组的中心点（星形连接的中性点）通过各自的分接开关选择器引出，可以作为系统的中性点连接或用于接地，这对于系统稳定性和控制中性点电压至关重要。The center point of the auxiliary winding (neutral point of the star connection) is brought out through the respective tap changer selector and can be connected as the neutral point of the system or used for grounding, which is crucial for system stability and controlling the neutral point voltage.
本实施例通过调整极性选择器和分接开关，可以灵活地控制相1的电压相位相对于相2或相3的相位，从而实现对整个三相系统相位关系的微调。这对于需要精确相位匹配的复杂电力系统或电机驱动应用尤为重要。此外，本实施例采用单芯结构，主线圈与其他两相调相线圈实现调相的目的，分接开关位于星接辅助绕组的中心点，降低分接开关的绝缘要求。两个分接开关的极性开关与两个辅助绕组的同名端相连，使极限正分接与极限负分接下保持调相角一致，降低了主绕组的穿越电压，提高设备可靠性。This embodiment can flexibly control the voltage phase of phase 1 relative to the phase of phase 2 or phase 3 by adjusting the polarity selector and the tap switch, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the phase relationship of the entire three-phase system. This is particularly important for complex power systems or motor drive applications that require precise phase matching. In addition, this embodiment adopts a single-core structure, and the main coil and the other two-phase phase-adjusting coils achieve the purpose of phase adjustment. The tap switch is located at the center point of the star-connected auxiliary winding, which reduces the insulation requirements of the tap switch. The polarity switches of the two tap switches are connected to the same-name ends of the two auxiliary windings, so that the phase adjustment angle is consistent under the extreme positive tap and the extreme negative tap, which reduces the cross-over voltage of the main winding and improves the reliability of the equipment.
在本发明一个较佳的实施例中，分接开关装置通过配置极性选择器实现极性选择功能。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tap changer device realizes the polarity selection function by configuring a polarity selector.
请再次参阅图1，以相1为例其连接拓扑如下：相1第一主绕组与分接开关极性选择器相连，分接开关极性选择器其中一个极性与相2(或相3)的其中一个辅助绕组相连，另一极性与相3(或相2)的其中一个辅助绕组相连。相1第二主绕组与另一分接开关极性选择器相连，分接开关极性选择器其中一个极性与相3(或相2)的其中一个辅助绕组相连，另一极性与相2(或相3)的其中一个辅助绕组相连。第一主绕组另一出头与线路的进线（或出线）端相连，第二主绕组另一出头与线路的出线（或进线）端相连；辅助绕组分接出头与分接开关选择器相连后引出作为中性点。分接开关的极性选择功能不仅影响相位，还可以配合不同的分接头（或档位），改变中性点电位，进而间接调节变压器的输出电压。在本实施例的相角对称的移相变压器中，这种调节对于满足不同负载条件下的电压需求非常重要。Please refer to Figure 1 again. Taking phase 1 as an example, its connection topology is as follows: the first main winding of phase 1 is connected to the tap changer polarity selector, one of the polarities of the tap changer polarity selector is connected to one of the auxiliary windings of phase 2 (or phase 3), and the other polarity is connected to one of the auxiliary windings of phase 3 (or phase 2). The second main winding of phase 1 is connected to another tap changer polarity selector, one of the polarities of the tap changer polarity selector is connected to one of the auxiliary windings of phase 3 (or phase 2), and the other polarity is connected to one of the auxiliary windings of phase 2 (or phase 3). The other outlet of the first main winding is connected to the incoming (or outgoing) end of the line, and the other outlet of the second main winding is connected to the outgoing (or incoming) end of the line; the outlet of the auxiliary winding is connected to the tap changer selector and then led out as the neutral point. The polarity selection function of the tap changer not only affects the phase, but also can change the neutral point potential with different taps (or gears), thereby indirectly adjusting the output voltage of the transformer. In the phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer of this embodiment, this adjustment is very important for meeting voltage requirements under different load conditions.
在本发明一个较佳的实施例中，辅助绕组和分接开关装置还与控制模块连接，控制模块用于根据预设算法动态调节辅助绕组与主绕组之间的连接状态，以实现当前相与相邻相之间输出电压的调相角连续可调，分接开关装置被配置为根据控制模块的指令，调整辅助绕组与主绕组之间的连接状态。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary winding and the tap changer device are also connected to a control module, and the control module is used to dynamically adjust the connection state between the auxiliary winding and the main winding according to a preset algorithm to achieve continuous adjustment of the phase angle of the output voltage between the current phase and the adjacent phase. The tap changer device is configured to adjust the connection state between the auxiliary winding and the main winding according to the instructions of the control module.
在本发明进一步的实施例中，控制模块按照下式确定移相角的大小：In a further embodiment of the present invention, the control module determines the magnitude of the phase shift angle according to the following formula:
式中，为辅助线圈电压与输入电压的相角差，为输入电压向量与竖直基准线之间的夹角，为主线圈电压与辅助线圈电压幅值之比。In the formula, is the phase angle difference between the auxiliary coil voltage and the input voltage, is the angle between the input voltage vector and the vertical reference line, It is the ratio of the main coil voltage to the auxiliary coil voltage amplitude.
在本发明进一步的实施例中，当分接开关装置为正分接或负分接时，分接开关装置为正分接和负分接下的移相变压器的相位角对称。In a further embodiment of the present invention, when the tap changer device is in positive tapping or negative tapping, the phase angles of the phase shifting transformers of the tap changer device in positive tapping and negative tapping are symmetrical.
以下结合图6-8对上述实施例中调相角的计算进行介绍。The calculation of the phase adjustment angle in the above embodiment is introduced below in conjunction with FIGS. 6-8 .
图6出示了本技术方案相角对称的移相变压器绕组连接示意图，其中A3-C4分别为三相的两个辅助绕组，A1-C2分别为三相的两个主绕组；图7a和图7b分别出示了正分接和负分接下相角对称的移相变压器空载下电压矢量；图8出示了相角对称的移相变压器调相角相对关系；如图7所示，根据三相电定义，正常运行变压器同一电压系统相间电压相位差为120°。另外根据磁感应原理，同一铁芯柱上线圈相位角相同，如图8所示，以竖直方向为基准，则有UA1的相角为0°，设USA相位角差为β，USA与UB3相位角差α。FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of the phase-shifting transformer windings with symmetrical phase angles of the technical solution, wherein A3-C4 are two auxiliary windings of three phases, and A1-C2 are two main windings of three phases; FIG7a and FIG7b show the voltage vectors of the phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angles under positive tapping and negative tapping under no-load; FIG8 shows the relative relationship of the phase angle of the phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angles; as shown in FIG7, according to the definition of three-phase electricity, the phase difference between the phases of the same voltage system of the normally operating transformer is 120°. In addition, according to the principle of magnetic induction, the phase angles of the coils on the same core column are the same, as shown in FIG8. Taking the vertical direction as the reference, the phase angle of UA1 is 0°, and the phase angle difference ofUSA is β, and the phase angle difference betweenUSA and UB3 is α.
(1) (1)
(2) (2)
设，则有：set up , then:
(3) (3)
代入公式（1），则有：Substituting into formula (1), we have:
(4) (4)
(5) (5)
(6) (6)
根据几何关系，则有：According to the geometric relationship, we have:
(7) (7)
此外，在一种实施方式中，图6所示拓扑连接中，第一主绕组与第二组绕组连接位置可以互换；第一辅助绕组与第二辅助绕组连接位置可互换。该实施例中，第一主绕组与第二主绕组的连接位置可以互换。这意味着设计具有一定的灵活性，允许根据具体需求或安装条件调整绕组的连接方式，而不改变整体的运行原理。这种设计可以简化生产过程，减少备件种类，同时在维护和故障替换时提供便利。In addition, in one embodiment, in the topological connection shown in FIG6 , the connection positions of the first main winding and the second group of windings can be interchanged; the connection positions of the first auxiliary winding and the second auxiliary winding can be interchanged. In this embodiment, the connection positions of the first main winding and the second main winding can be interchanged. This means that the design has a certain flexibility, allowing the connection method of the windings to be adjusted according to specific needs or installation conditions without changing the overall operating principle. This design can simplify the production process, reduce the types of spare parts, and provide convenience during maintenance and fault replacement.
在一种实施方式中，图6所示拓扑连接中，两个分接开关可以同步调档，也可以不同步调档实现调档的同时，调整电压幅值。分接开关的极性选择器可以取消，主绕组一端直接与调相绕组的一端相连，实现单向调整相角。在此实施例中，分接开关的极性选择器被取消，主绕组直接与调相（辅助）绕组相连，这样虽然失去了双向相角调整的能力，但简化了结构，降低了成本，同时仍能实现单向的相位角调整。这对于只需要单向相位偏移的应用场景是可行的解决方案，比如某些对相位要求不那么严格的负载调节。In one embodiment, in the topological connection shown in FIG. 6, the two tap changers can be adjusted synchronously or asynchronously to adjust the voltage amplitude at the same time. The polarity selector of the tap changer can be eliminated, and one end of the main winding is directly connected to one end of the phase-adjusting winding to achieve unidirectional adjustment of the phase angle. In this embodiment, the polarity selector of the tap changer is eliminated, and the main winding is directly connected to the phase-adjusting (auxiliary) winding. Although the ability of bidirectional phase angle adjustment is lost, the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced, while still achieving unidirectional phase angle adjustment. This is a feasible solution for application scenarios that only require unidirectional phase shift, such as some load regulation that does not have strict phase requirements.
在一种实施方式中，所有绕组和分接开关可以在同一箱壳内部连接后引出或引出后再连接。所有的绕组和分接开关可以集成在一个箱壳内部预先连接好，或者分开连接后再集成。前者有利于提高设备的整体紧凑性和安装便捷性，减少现场装配的工作量和错误概率。后者则为定制化需求或现场调整提供了便利，尤其是在需要根据实际情况灵活配置的场合。这种设计考虑到了制造和现场应用的灵活性与便利性。In one embodiment, all windings and tap-changers can be connected inside the same housing and then led out or led out and then connected. All windings and tap-changers can be pre-connected inside a housing or connected separately and then integrated. The former is conducive to improving the overall compactness and installation convenience of the equipment, reducing the workload and error probability of on-site assembly. The latter provides convenience for customized needs or on-site adjustments, especially in situations where flexible configuration is required according to actual conditions. This design takes into account the flexibility and convenience of manufacturing and on-site application.
在一种实施方式中，分接开关装置还用于使移相变压器在正负分接模式下的相位角对称。在涉及多相系统时，相位角对称对于系统的稳定运行至关重要。分接开关通过在不同相位的辅助绕组之间选择合适的连接方式和极性，可以微调相位差，确保在不同电压档位（包括正负分接）下，三相间的相位角保持对称。这意味着，无论分接开关处于哪个位置，三相电流或电压之间的相位关系都能保持一致，避免了系统中可能出现的不平衡问题，提高了系统的兼容性和效率。In one embodiment, the tap changer device is also used to make the phase angle of the phase-shifting transformer symmetrical in the positive and negative tapping modes. When it comes to multi-phase systems, phase angle symmetry is essential for the stable operation of the system. The tap changer can fine-tune the phase difference by selecting the appropriate connection method and polarity between the auxiliary windings of different phases to ensure that the phase angles between the three phases remain symmetrical under different voltage levels (including positive and negative tapping). This means that no matter which position the tap changer is in, the phase relationship between the three-phase current or voltage can remain consistent, avoiding possible imbalance problems in the system and improving the compatibility and efficiency of the system.
以上是对本发明的一种相角对称的移相变压器的实施例进行的详细介绍，以下对本发明的一种相角对称的移相变压器的相位角调节装置的实施例进行详细的介绍。The above is a detailed introduction to an embodiment of a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer of the present invention. The following is a detailed introduction to an embodiment of a phase angle adjustment device of a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer of the present invention.
本实施例提供一种相角对称的移相变压器的相位角调节装置，包括：This embodiment provides a phase angle adjustment device for a phase-shifting transformer with symmetrical phase angle, comprising:
控制单元，被配置为根据目标调相角控制分接开关装置调整移相变压器绕组连接状态，以动态调节输出电压的相位角；A control unit is configured to control the tap changer device to adjust the connection state of the phase-shifting transformer winding according to the target phase adjustment angle, so as to dynamically adjust the phase angle of the output voltage;
以及，与控制单元连接的移相变压器，移相变压器采用如前述实施例提供的相角对称的移相变压器。And, a phase-shifting transformer connected to the control unit, wherein the phase-shifting transformer adopts a phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer as provided in the above-mentioned embodiment.
在本发明进一步的实施例中，控制单元按照下式确定移相角的大小：In a further embodiment of the present invention, the control unit determines the magnitude of the phase shift angle according to the following formula:
式中，为辅助线圈电压与输入电压的相角差，为输入电压向量与竖直基准线之间的夹角，为主线圈电压与辅助线圈电压幅值之比。In the formula, is the phase angle difference between the auxiliary coil voltage and the input voltage, is the angle between the input voltage vector and the vertical reference line, It is the ratio of the main coil voltage to the auxiliary coil voltage amplitude.
在本发明进一步的实施例中，分接开关装置还用于使移相变压器在正负分接模式下的相位角对称。In a further embodiment of the present invention, the tap changer device is further used to make the phase angle of the phase-shifting transformer symmetrical in the positive and negative tap modes.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410939843.1ACN118507228B (en) | 2024-07-15 | 2024-07-15 | A phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer and a phase-angle adjusting device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410939843.1ACN118507228B (en) | 2024-07-15 | 2024-07-15 | A phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer and a phase-angle adjusting device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118507228Atrue CN118507228A (en) | 2024-08-16 |
| CN118507228B CN118507228B (en) | 2024-11-12 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410939843.1AActiveCN118507228B (en) | 2024-07-15 | 2024-07-15 | A phase-angle symmetrical phase-shifting transformer and a phase-angle adjusting device |
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| CN (1) | CN118507228B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118507229A (en)* | 2024-07-15 | 2024-08-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Phase-shifting transformer and phase angle adjusting device thereof |
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| CN116206867A (en)* | 2023-02-28 | 2023-06-02 | 武汉大学 | Single-core independent phase-shifting transformer and control method thereof |
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| US5455759A (en)* | 1994-06-24 | 1995-10-03 | Paice; Derek A. | Symmetrical, phase-shifting, fork transformer |
| US5543771A (en)* | 1995-03-03 | 1996-08-06 | Levin; Michael I. | Phase shifting transformer or autotransformer |
| EP3937198A1 (en)* | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-12 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Power transformer assembly |
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| CN116206867A (en)* | 2023-02-28 | 2023-06-02 | 武汉大学 | Single-core independent phase-shifting transformer and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118507229A (en)* | 2024-07-15 | 2024-08-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Phase-shifting transformer and phase angle adjusting device thereof |
| CN118507229B (en)* | 2024-07-15 | 2024-11-08 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Phase-shifting transformer and phase angle adjusting device thereof |
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