技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于药品安全管理技术领域，具体为一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法及相关设备。The present invention belongs to the technical field of drug safety management, and specifically relates to a method for accurately managing medical radionuclides and related equipment.
背景技术Background technique
核医学是应用放射性核素或放射性药物进行诊断、治疗疾病以及进行医学研究的学科，在应用的过程中需要将放射性物质以不同的方式(注射、吸入、植入、口服等)引入到人体内或置于体表从而实现其医学目的。因此，只要开展核医学相关医疗活动，就必然存在放射性核素的使用。Nuclear medicine is a discipline that uses radionuclides or radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose, treat diseases, and conduct medical research. In the process of application, radioactive substances need to be introduced into the human body or placed on the body surface in different ways (injection, inhalation, implantation, oral administration, etc.) to achieve its medical purpose. Therefore, as long as nuclear medicine-related medical activities are carried out, radionuclides will inevitably be used.
放射性核素因其特殊性，其使用过程受到诸多规范性文件的约束，例如《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》中对源的使用应建立详细台账，对患者应服用的放射性药物的活度以及服药时所测定的活度应进行记录；生态环境部发布的《核医学辐射防护与安全要求》中明确要求“建立放射性废物存储和处理台账，详细记录放射性废物的核素名称、重量、废物产生起始日期、责任人员、出库时间和监测结果等信息”；还有《核医学放射防护要求》要求建立“放射性药品台账制度，记录全部购入的药品，每次领取的数量及领取人签字等信息”。由此可见，在核医学的日常工作中，必须对放射性物质进行全流程的管控并进行详细记录，以满足不同监督管理部门(环保、药监、公安、卫健委等)的要求。Due to the particularity of radionuclides, their use process is subject to the constraints of many normative documents. For example, the Basic Standards for Ionizing Radiation Protection and Radiation Source Safety stipulates that a detailed account should be established for the use of sources, and the activity of radioactive drugs that patients should take and the activity measured when taking the drugs should be recorded; the Nuclear Medicine Radiation Protection and Safety Requirements issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment clearly requires "establishing a radioactive waste storage and treatment account, and recording in detail the name of the radionuclide, weight, starting date of waste generation, responsible personnel, warehouse release time and monitoring results of the radioactive waste"; and the Nuclear Medicine Radiation Protection Requirements require the establishment of a "radioactive drug account system, recording all purchased drugs, the quantity received each time, and the signature of the recipient, etc." It can be seen that in the daily work of nuclear medicine, radioactive materials must be controlled throughout the process and recorded in detail to meet the requirements of different supervision and management departments (environmental protection, drug supervision, public security, health and health commission, etc.).
然而对放射性核素的管控与记录，给核医学从业人员带来了沉重的负担，由于欠缺相关信息化管理系统，长期以来这些工作都是手工记录，费时费力，并且纸质记录随着时间越长积累越多，对保管、查阅、核对等工作也提出巨大挑战。However, the control and record keeping of radionuclides has brought a heavy burden to nuclear medicine practitioners. Due to the lack of relevant information management systems, these tasks have long been recorded manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, paper records accumulate over time, posing huge challenges to their storage, review, and verification.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供了一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法及相关设备，解决了放射性核素的管控与记录，长期以来这些工作都是手工记录，费时费力的问题。The present invention provides a precise management method for medical radionuclides and related equipment, which solves the problem of the control and recording of radionuclides. For a long time, these tasks have been recorded manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法，包括：A method for accurate management of medical radionuclides, comprising:
根据核医学PACS系统发送次日放药清单，再根据次日放药清单进行药品采购或生产；Send the next day's medicine release list according to the nuclear medicine PACS system, and then purchase or produce medicines according to the next day's medicine release list;
对采购药品进行药品交接；Hand over purchased drugs;
对采购或生产的药品进行分装和实时活度测量并进行打码；Packaging, real-time activity measurement and coding of purchased or produced drugs;
按照打码药品对用药人员进行信息匹配用药；测量使用后药品的残余活度，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理。Match medication information with the medication users according to the coded drugs; measure the residual activity of the drugs after use, and dispose of the generated solid radioactive waste.
优选地，对采购或生产药品交接时进行实时视频录制，并将放射性药品交接单、药品质控结果进行电子化存档。Preferably, real-time video recording is performed when purchasing or producing drugs are handed over, and radioactive drug handover forms and drug quality control results are electronically archived.
优选地，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理时，对处理后的包裹上打印标签。Preferably, when the generated solid radioactive waste is disposed of, a label is printed on the package after the disposal.
优选地，标签信息包括日期、核素种类和辐射剂量、重量。Preferably, the label information includes date, nuclide type and radiation dose, and weight.
一种医用放射性核素精准管理系统，包括：A precise management system for medical radionuclides, comprising:
放药采购模块：用于根据核医学PACS系统发送次日放药清单，再根据次日放药清单进行药品采购或生产；Drug release and procurement module: used to send the next day's drug release list according to the nuclear medicine PACS system, and then purchase or produce drugs according to the next day's drug release list;
药品交接模块：用于对采购药品进行药品交接；Drug handover module: used for drug handover of purchased drugs;
活度测量模块：用于对采购或生产的药品进行分装和实时活度测量并进行打码；Activity measurement module: used for packaging, real-time activity measurement and coding of purchased or produced drugs;
匹配用药模块：用于按照打码药品对用药人员进行信息匹配用药；Matching medication module: used to match medication information with medication users according to coded drugs;
放废处理模块：用于测量使用后药品的残余活度，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理。Waste treatment module: used to measure the residual activity of used drugs and to treat the generated solid radioactive waste.
优选地，使用实时活度读取模块对采购或生产的药品进行活度测量并进行打码和对残余活度进行测量。Preferably, a real-time activity reading module is used to measure the activity of purchased or produced drugs, perform coding, and measure the residual activity.
优选地，实时活度读取模块包括平板电脑、条码打印机、多角度可调节摄像头和支架，条码打印机、摄像头均与平板相连，平板支架为可调节高度支架，摄像头支架安装在分装热室或手套箱上，摄像头对准活度计读数界面。Preferably, the real-time activity reading module includes a tablet computer, a barcode printer, a multi-angle adjustable camera and a bracket. The barcode printer and the camera are connected to the tablet computer. The tablet bracket is an adjustable height bracket. The camera bracket is installed on the packaging hot chamber or glove box, and the camera is aimed at the activity meter reading interface.
优选地，实时活度读取模块的使用具体为：Preferably, the use of the real-time activity reading module is specifically as follows:
将一定活度的放射性药品放入活度计测量井中后进行测量，通过摄像头信息采集技术，准确识别出活度计显示界面中核素种类、当前剂量数值和剂量单位三种信息，并将以上信息读取到系统中，同时抓取当前平板电脑的系统时间，在此过程中完成活度计所选核素种类与系统所需药品核素种类的匹配验证，完成所测放药的剂量信息、测量时间的自动化录入，条码打印机打印出药品标签。After placing radioactive drugs of a certain activity into the measuring well of the activity meter, the measurement is carried out. Through the camera information acquisition technology, the three types of information, namely the type of nuclide, the current dose value and the dose unit, are accurately identified in the display interface of the activity meter, and the above information is read into the system. At the same time, the system time of the current tablet computer is captured. In this process, the matching verification between the type of nuclide selected by the activity meter and the type of drug nuclide required by the system is completed, and the dose information and measurement time of the measured drug are automatically entered, and the barcode printer prints out the drug label.
一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法的步骤。A computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a method for accurate management of medical radionuclides are implemented.
一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for accurate management of medical radionuclides.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明提供了一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法，在外购药品交接阶段进行监管，对外购或自行生产的药品进行活度测量并进行打码，不仅可以形成多维放射性核素电子记录台账，而且可以实现放射性药物的实时测量与记录，达到一人一码一药的精准管理，形成核医学放射性核素全流程完整使用链条，提升科室信息化管理水平，促进核医学健康有序的发展。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a method for precise management of medical radionuclides, performs supervision at the handover stage of purchased drugs, measures the activity of purchased or self-produced drugs and performs coding, which can not only form a multi-dimensional radionuclide electronic record ledger, but also realize real-time measurement and recording of radioactive drugs, achieve precise management of one person, one code and one drug, form a complete use chain of nuclear medicine radionuclides throughout the entire process, improve the level of information management of departments, and promote the healthy and orderly development of nuclear medicine.
进一步地，对采购药品进行药品交接时进行实时视频录制，并将放射性药品交接单、药品质控结果进行电子化存档，保证了药品交接阶段药品的安全性，并且通过视频监控便于后期检查问题，通过电子化存档，保证了药品使用前后信息的统一。Furthermore, real-time video recording is performed during the handover of purchased drugs, and the radioactive drug handover form and drug quality control results are electronically archived, ensuring the safety of drugs during the drug handover stage. Video surveillance is also used to facilitate later inspections of problems, and electronic archiving ensures the consistency of information before and after drug use.
进一步地，对每日产生的固体放射性废物上打印标签，保证了固体放射性废物的监管。Furthermore, labels are printed on the solid radioactive waste generated daily to ensure the supervision of the solid radioactive waste.
本发明还提供了一种医用放射性核素精准管理系统，通过此系统完成对药品从采购到最后残余处理的全流程监管，保证了在使用过程中的全程无死角，提高了对药品的安全管理，提高了工作人员的工作效率。The present invention also provides a precise management system for medical radionuclides, through which the whole process of drug supervision from procurement to final residual treatment is completed, ensuring that there are no blind spots in the entire process of use, improving the safe management of drugs, and improving the work efficiency of staff.
进一步地，本发明提供了实时活度读取模块，只需在注射前和注射后进行两次测量，即可获得精准的满针剂量、满针剂量测量时间、空针剂量、空针剂量测量时间，最大程度的保证定量参数的准确性。本模块另外一大技术优势是普适性强，与科室所用活度计的品牌和型号无关，任何活度计均可使用，操作方便，成本低，推广性强。Furthermore, the present invention provides a real-time activity reading module, which only needs to perform two measurements before and after injection to obtain accurate full needle dose, full needle dose measurement time, empty needle dose, and empty needle dose measurement time, thereby ensuring the accuracy of quantitative parameters to the greatest extent. Another major technical advantage of this module is its strong universality, which is independent of the brand and model of the activity meter used in the department. Any activity meter can be used, and it is easy to operate, low in cost, and highly popularizable.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for accurate management of medical radionuclides according to the present invention;
图2为本发明一种医用放射性核素精准管理系统框图；FIG2 is a block diagram of a medical radionuclide precision management system according to the present invention;
图3为本发明完全依赖外购成品药的核医学机构系统运行流程图；FIG3 is a flow chart of the operation of the nuclear medicine institution system of the present invention which completely relies on purchased finished drugs;
图4为本发明对于具备资质和条件，自行制备放射性药品的核医学机构系统运行流程图；FIG4 is a flow chart of the system operation of the present invention for a nuclear medicine institution that has the qualifications and conditions to prepare radioactive drugs by itself;
图5为本发明对于外购+自制放射性药品的核医学机构系统运行流程图。FIG5 is a flowchart of the operation of the nuclear medicine institution system for purchased and self-made radioactive drugs according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition and explanation in the subsequent drawings.
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“上”、“下”、“水平”、“内”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
此外，若出现术语“水平”，并不表示要求部件绝对水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
在本发明实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，若出现术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细介绍。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种医用放射性核素精准管理方法，包括：As shown in FIG1 , the present invention provides a method for accurate management of medical radionuclides, comprising:
S101根据核医学PACS系统发送次日放药清单，再根据次日放药清单进行药品采购或生产；S101 sends the next day's medicine release list based on the nuclear medicine PACS system, and then purchases or produces medicines based on the next day's medicine release list;
S102对采购药品进行药品交接；S102 Hand over the purchased drugs;
S103对采购或生产的药品进行分装和实时活度测量并进行打码，形成一人一药一码的管理机制；标签信息包含药物名称、药物剂量、患者姓名、患者ID号S103 repackages and measures the activity of purchased or produced drugs in real time and codes them, forming a management mechanism of one person, one drug, one code; the label information includes the drug name, drug dosage, patient name, and patient ID number.
S104对用药人员进行匹配用药，降低医疗差错发生几率；S104 matches medications to people who use them, reducing the chance of medical errors;
S105测量使用后药品的残余活度，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理。S105 measures the residual activity of used drugs and disposes of the solid radioactive waste generated.
具体的，对采购药品进行药品交接时进行实时视频录制，并将放射性药品交接单、药品质控结果进行电子化存档。Specifically, real-time video recording is conducted during the handover of purchased drugs, and the radioactive drug handover form and drug quality control results are electronically archived.
具体的，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理时，对处理后的包裹上打印标签。Specifically, when the generated solid radioactive waste is disposed of, a label is printed on the package after the disposal.
具体的，固体放射性废物标签信息包括日期、核素种类和辐射剂量、重量。Specifically, the label information of solid radioactive waste includes date, type of nuclide, radiation dose and weight.
如图2所示，本发明还提供了一种医用放射性核素精准管理系统，包括：As shown in FIG2 , the present invention also provides a medical radionuclide precision management system, comprising:
放药采购模块：用于根据核医学PACS系统发送次日放药清单，再根据次日放药清单进行药品采购或生产；Drug release and procurement module: used to send the next day's drug release list according to the nuclear medicine PACS system, and then purchase or produce drugs according to the next day's drug release list;
药品交接模块：用于对采购药品进行药品交接；Drug handover module: used for drug handover of purchased drugs;
活度测量模块：用于对采购或生产的药品进行分装和实时活度测量并进行打码；Activity measurement module: used for packaging, real-time activity measurement and coding of purchased or produced drugs;
匹配用药模块：用于按照打码药品对用药人员进行信息匹配用药；Matching medication module: used to match medication information with medication users according to coded drugs;
放废处理模块：用于测量使用后药品的残余活度，对产生的固体放射性废物进行放废处理。Waste treatment module: used to measure the residual activity of used drugs and to treat the generated solid radioactive waste.
其中，使用实时活度读取模块对采购或生产的药品进行活度测量并进行打码和对残余活度测量。Among them, a real-time activity reading module is used to measure the activity of purchased or produced drugs, perform coding and measure residual activity.
实时活度读取模块包括平板电脑、条码打印机、多角度可调节摄像头和支架，条码打印机、摄像头均与平板相连，平板支架为可调节高度支架，摄像头支架安装在分装热室或手套箱上，摄像头对准活度计读数界面。The real-time activity reading module includes a tablet computer, a barcode printer, a multi-angle adjustable camera and a bracket. The barcode printer and the camera are connected to the tablet computer. The tablet bracket is an adjustable height bracket. The camera bracket is installed on the packaging hot chamber or glove box, and the camera is aimed at the activity meter reading interface.
实时活度读取模块的使用具体为：The use of the real-time activity reading module is as follows:
将一定活度的放射性药品放入活度计测量井中后，开始测量，通过摄像头信息采集技术，准确识别出活度计显示界面中核素种类、当前剂量数值和剂量单位三种信息，并将以上信息读取到系统中，同时抓取当前平板电脑的系统时间，在此过程中完成活度计所选核素种类与系统所需药品核素种类的匹配验证，完成所测放药的剂量信息、测量时间的自动化录入，条码打印机打印出药品标签。After placing radioactive drugs of a certain activity into the measuring well of the activity meter, the measurement begins. Through the camera information acquisition technology, the three types of information, namely the type of nuclide, the current dose value and the dose unit, are accurately identified in the display interface of the activity meter, and the above information is read into the system. At the same time, the system time of the current tablet computer is captured. In this process, the matching verification between the type of nuclide selected by the activity meter and the type of drug nuclide required by the system is completed, and the dose information and measurement time of the measured drug are automatically entered, and the barcode printer prints out the drug label.
核医学临床所用放射性药品主要通过三种途径获取：外购，自制，外购+自制。所以，本系统的运行模式也可以分为三种。Radioactive drugs used in nuclear medicine clinics are mainly obtained through three ways: purchase, self-production, and purchase + self-production. Therefore, the operation modes of this system can also be divided into three types.
实施例1：Embodiment 1:
如图3所示，对于完全依赖外购成品药的核医学机构，本系统的运行如下：As shown in Figure 3, for a nuclear medicine institution that relies entirely on purchased finished drugs, the system operates as follows:
工作人员A根据核医学PACS系统得到次日临床工作所需的放射性药品清单，清单内容包含放射性药品种类和剂量信息，向放射性药品生产厂商发送采购预定清单，次日生产厂商根据清单将所需放射性药品送到科室指定位置，工作人员B与送药人员进行交接，本系统对整个交接过程进行实时视频录制，同时可将放射性药品交接单、药品质控结果进行电子化存档，随后通过本系统开发的实时活度读取模块，将放射性药品的放射性活度和测量时间录入到系统中，此过程无需手动录入，从而避免手工录入所导致的录入偏差，至此完成所有放射性药品交接的全部过程。Staff A obtains the list of radioactive drugs required for the next day's clinical work based on the nuclear medicine PACS system. The list includes the types and dosages of radioactive drugs. The staff sends a purchase order list to the radioactive drug manufacturer. The manufacturer delivers the required radioactive drugs to the designated location of the department based on the list the next day. Staff B conducts the handover with the delivery personnel. The system records the entire handover process in real time, and can electronically archive the radioactive drug handover form and drug quality control results. Subsequently, the radioactivity and measurement time of the radioactive drugs are entered into the system through the real-time activity reading module developed by the system. This process does not require manual entry, thereby avoiding the input deviation caused by manual entry. The entire process of handover of all radioactive drugs is completed.
根据科室运行情况，药品厂商送来的放药规格可能存在两种情况：①独立分装的单只放射性药品；②未分装的打包放射性药品。对于这两种情形，在测量药品活度后，在系统中选择“是否需要分装”，从而确定所测批次放药是属于以上的哪种情况，若选择“否”，可直接根据所测活度，结合从核医学PACS系统中所提取的患者信息(所需药物种类、药物剂量)，选择信息相符的患者记录后，将本支药物分配给该患者，同时打印出药品标签(包含患者姓名、ID号、药物种类、活度剂量、测量时间)，工作人员B将此标签张贴于该支药品防护保护装置上。若选择“是”，表明所测批次放药为未分装的打包放射性药品，此时所测活度为总活度，需要工作人员B分装成小剂量药品，具体操作如下：剂量测量后该批次药品信息(药物种类、活度总剂量、测量时间)将出现在“待分装药品”列表中，工作人员B结合患者信息(所需药物种类、药物剂量)，从该批次药品中抽取一定剂量的放药放入活度计中进行测量，若该剂量符合该患者所需，选择该患者记录，在“待分装药品”列表中选择对应的药品批次信息，点击“发药”，系统将通过实时活度读取模块获得该小剂量药品的剂量信息、测量时间，“待分装药品”列表中对应的药品批次信息中的总活度减去已分装的剂量活度，变更为剩余活度剂量，以便工作人员B在下次分装时了解该批次药品的剩余活度，同时打印出药品标签，工作人员B将此标签张贴于该支药品防护保护装置上。According to the operation of the department, there may be two situations for the specifications of the drugs delivered by the drug manufacturer: ① Individually packaged single radioactive drugs; ② Unpackaged packaged radioactive drugs. For these two situations, after measuring the activity of the drugs, select "whether to need to be packaged" in the system to determine which of the above situations the measured batch of drugs belongs to. If "no" is selected, the measured activity can be directly combined with the patient information (required drug type, drug dosage) extracted from the nuclear medicine PACS system. After selecting the patient record with matching information, the drug will be allocated to the patient, and the drug label (including patient name, ID number, drug type, activity dosage, measurement time) will be printed out. Staff B will post this label on the protective device of the drug. If "Yes" is selected, it indicates that the measured batch of radioactive drugs is unpackaged packaged radioactive drugs. At this time, the measured activity is the total activity, which needs to be packaged into small doses by staff B. The specific operations are as follows: After the dose measurement, the drug information of the batch (drug type, total activity dose, measurement time) will appear in the "drugs to be packaged" list. Staff B, based on the patient information (required drug type, drug dose), extracts a certain dose of radioactive drugs from the batch of drugs and puts it into the activity meter for measurement. If the dose meets the patient's needs, select the patient record, select the corresponding drug batch information in the "drugs to be packaged" list, and click "Dispense drugs". The system will obtain the dose information and measurement time of the small dose of drugs through the real-time activity reading module. The total activity in the corresponding drug batch information in the "drugs to be packaged" list minus the activity of the packaged dose is changed to the remaining activity dose, so that staff B can understand the remaining activity of the batch of drugs during the next packaging. At the same time, print out the drug label, and staff B affixes the label to the drug protection device.
实时活度读取模块的相关说明。本模块为全新研发，行业内尚无同类型或相似产品，由平板电脑、条码打印机、多角度可调节摄像头以及支架四部分组成。条码打印机、摄像头均与平板相连，平板支架高度可调，以适应不同工作人员的身高以及观看视角，摄像头支架安装在分装热室或手套箱上，起固定摄像头的作用。摄像头对准活度计读数界面，调整角度，确保可以清晰拍摄活度计显示界面。运行过程如下：将一定活度的放射性药品放入活度计测量井中后，在系统界面中点击“测量”，通过摄像头信息采集技术，准确识别出活度计显示界面中核素种类、当前剂量数值、剂量单位三种信息，并将以上信息读取到系统中，同时抓取当前平板电脑的系统时间，在此过程中完成活度计所选核素种类与系统所需药品核素种类的匹配验证，从而完成所测放药的剂量信息、测量时间的自动化录入，条码打印机即可打印出药品标签。由于在PET/CT、PET/MR以及定量SPECT/CT显像过程中，均需录入患者药物注射信息(满针剂量、满针剂量测量时间、注射时间、空针剂量、空针剂量测量时间)，药物注射信息的准确度直接影响定量数值SUV的精准性，从而影响临床诊断的准确性。市场现有软件中，除了注射时间可实现系统的自动抓取外，满针剂量、满针剂量测量时间、空针剂量、空针剂量测量时间均是测量后，将测量结果手动录入至核医学PACS系统中，手动录入极易产生录入差错，而且无法有效保证测量时间准确性。通过本模块，只需在注射前和注射后进行两次测量，即可获得精准的满针剂量、满针剂量测量时间、空针剂量、空针剂量测量时间，最大程度的保证定量参数的准确性。本模块另外一大技术优势是普适性强，与科室所用活度计的品牌和型号无关，任何活度计均可使用，操作方便，成本低，推广性强。Relevant instructions for the real-time activity reading module. This module is newly developed and there are no similar or similar products in the industry. It consists of four parts: a tablet computer, a barcode printer, a multi-angle adjustable camera, and a bracket. The barcode printer and the camera are connected to the tablet. The height of the tablet bracket is adjustable to adapt to the height and viewing angle of different staff members. The camera bracket is installed on the packaging hot room or glove box to fix the camera. The camera is aimed at the activity meter reading interface and the angle is adjusted to ensure that the activity meter display interface can be clearly photographed. The operation process is as follows: After placing a certain activity of radioactive drugs into the activity meter measurement well, click "Measure" in the system interface. Through the camera information collection technology, the three types of information, namely the type of nuclide, the current dose value, and the dose unit, in the activity meter display interface are accurately identified, and the above information is read into the system. At the same time, the system time of the current tablet computer is captured. In this process, the matching verification of the type of nuclide selected by the activity meter and the type of drug nuclide required by the system is completed, thereby completing the automatic entry of the dose information and measurement time of the measured drug, and the barcode printer can print out the drug label. Since the patient's drug injection information (full needle dose, full needle dose measurement time, injection time, empty needle dose, empty needle dose measurement time) needs to be entered during PET/CT, PET/MR and quantitative SPECT/CT imaging, the accuracy of drug injection information directly affects the accuracy of quantitative numerical SUV, thereby affecting the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. In the existing software on the market, except for the injection time, which can be automatically captured by the system, the full needle dose, full needle dose measurement time, empty needle dose, and empty needle dose measurement time are all measured and the measurement results are manually entered into the nuclear medicine PACS system. Manual entry is very prone to entry errors and cannot effectively guarantee the accuracy of measurement time. Through this module, only two measurements are required before and after injection to obtain accurate full needle dose, full needle dose measurement time, empty needle dose, and empty needle dose measurement time, which can maximize the accuracy of quantitative parameters. Another major technical advantage of this module is its strong universality. It has nothing to do with the brand and model of the activity meter used in the department. Any activity meter can be used, which is easy to operate, low cost, and strong promotion.
工作人员B将张贴有标签的带有防护保护装置的放射性药品拿至注射台，选择待注射的患者，扫描标签二维码信息，系统将对该药品的患者信息、药物种类与核医学PACS系统中患者信息、药物种类信息进行匹配，匹配无误后方可注射，从而避免拿错药、打错针等医疗差错情况的出现，注射完成后再次通过实时活度读取模块，获得空针剂量和空针剂量测量时间。工作人员B空针剂量测量完成后，将所用注射器等放入固体废物储存箱，待当天临床工作结束后，将固体废物储存箱中固废进行打包称重，然后使用系统打印出数据标签(日期、核素种类、残余剂量)，放置在废物暂存间进行暂存，经过一定时间的自然衰变，符合相关标准后可作一般医疗垃圾进行处理，并经过系统记录转交过程。Staff B takes the radioactive drugs with protective devices and labels to the injection table, selects the patient to be injected, and scans the QR code information on the label. The system will match the patient information and drug type of the drug with the patient information and drug type information in the nuclear medicine PACS system. The drug can be injected only after the match is correct, so as to avoid medical errors such as taking the wrong drug or giving the wrong injection. After the injection is completed, the empty needle dose and empty needle dose measurement time are obtained again through the real-time activity reading module. After staff B completes the empty needle dose measurement, the used syringes are placed in the solid waste storage box. After the clinical work of the day is completed, the solid waste in the solid waste storage box is packaged and weighed, and then the system is used to print out the data label (date, nuclide type, residual dose), and placed in the waste temporary storage room for temporary storage. After a certain period of natural decay, it can be treated as general medical waste after meeting the relevant standards, and the transfer process is recorded by the system.
实施例2：Embodiment 2:
如图4所示，对于具备资质和条件，自行制备放射性药品的核医学机构，本系统的运行如下：As shown in Figure 4, for nuclear medicine institutions that have the qualifications and conditions to prepare radioactive drugs themselves, the operation of this system is as follows:
对于自行制备放药的情况，与外购放药的情况相比，本系统的主要区别在放药活度测量之前的步骤，主要涉及核素发生装置的使用与管理、合成配体的使用与管理两方面。For the case of preparing the explosive by oneself, compared with the case of purchasing the explosive, the main difference of this system lies in the steps before the activity measurement of the explosive, which mainly involves the use and management of the nuclide generator and the use and management of the synthetic ligand.
核素发生装置的入库：核素发生装置供应商将核医学科室订购的核素发生装置运送至指定位置，工作人员A与送货人双方办理交接手续，本系统对整个交接过程进行实时视频录制，对交货单、发生器规格、检定证书等信息进行录入，完成核素发生装置的入库手续，同时在“可用发生器”列表中出现该发生器信息。Storage of radionuclide generators: The supplier of radionuclide generators delivers the radionuclide generators ordered by the nuclear medicine department to the designated location. Staff member A and the delivery person go through the handover procedures. The system records the entire handover process in real time, enters information such as the delivery note, generator specifications, and calibration certificates, completes the storage procedures for the radionuclide generators, and the generator information appears in the "Available Generators" list.
合成配体的入库：工作人员A将配体信息进行入库，包含生产商、配体名称、批次、规格、数量、有效期、有效期预警期、库存余量预警量等信息。系统初始化运行时，对临期、过期、库存量低的配体进行弹窗示警。入库完成后在“配体”列表中出现可用配体信息。Storage of synthetic ligands: Staff A stores the ligand information, including manufacturer, ligand name, batch, specification, quantity, validity period, validity warning period, inventory balance warning quantity, etc. When the system is initialized, a pop-up window will be displayed for ligands that are about to expire, expired, or have low inventory. After storage is completed, the available ligand information will appear in the "Ligand" list.
工作日当日工作人员A对发生器进行淋洗操作，获得放射性核素，通过合成标记制备成所需的放射性药品。具体操作如下：在“可用发生器”列表中选择所使用的发生器，选择淋洗规格，淋洗后通过实时活度读取模块记录本次所获得放射性核素种类和剂量，在“淋洗”列表中出现该核素信息。然后根据核医学PACS系统产生的放药清单，选择“淋洗”列表中核素信息，选择“标记”，在“配体”列表选择所使用配体批次，填写所使用的配体数量，通过实时活度读取模块记录当前所制备的放射性药品信息。On the working day, staff member A performs elution operation on the generator to obtain radioactive nuclides, and prepares the required radioactive drugs through synthetic labeling. The specific operation is as follows: select the generator to be used in the "Available Generators" list, select the elution specification, and after elution, record the type and dose of the radioactive nuclides obtained this time through the real-time activity reading module, and the nuclide information will appear in the "Elution" list. Then, according to the drug release list generated by the nuclear medicine PACS system, select the nuclide information in the "Elution" list, select "Label", select the ligand batch used in the "Ligand" list, fill in the number of ligands used, and record the currently prepared radioactive drug information through the real-time activity reading module.
工作人员B对工作人员A所制备的放射性药品进行质控，并将质控结果录入该批次药品的质控记录中，工作人员A随即完成该批次放药的入库。此时所测批次放药为未分装的打包放射性药品，此时所测活度为总活度，需要工作人员A分装成小剂量药品，分装结束后工作人员A将药物标签张贴在带有防护保护装置的放射性药品上。Staff B conducts quality control on the radioactive drugs prepared by staff A and enters the quality control results into the quality control records of the batch of drugs. Staff A then completes the storage of the batch of drugs. At this time, the batch of drugs tested is the unpackaged packaged radioactive drugs. The activity measured at this time is the total activity, which needs to be packaged into small doses by staff A. After the packaging is completed, staff A will post the drug label on the radioactive drugs with protective devices.
工作人员C完成药物注射及注射后的相关工作，具体操作见成品药运行模式相关内容。Staff member C completes the drug injection and related work after the injection. For specific operations, please refer to the content related to the finished drug operation mode.
核素发生装置在使用一段时间后，已经失去生产放射性核素的能力，将该装置作“废弃”处置，放入“储源室”内暂存，待核素发生装置上门进行回收处置，回收过程进行实时视频录制，并将回收单进行电子化存档。After a period of use, the radionuclide generating device has lost its ability to produce radioactive nuclides and is therefore disposed of as "abandoned" and temporarily stored in a "source storage room" until the radionuclide generating device is recovered and disposed of. The recovery process is recorded in real time with video and the recovery slip is electronically archived.
对于外购+自制放射性药品的核医学机构，本系统的运行如图5所示，通过上述两种的模式结合进行操作。For nuclear medicine institutions that purchase and manufacture radioactive drugs, the operation of this system is shown in Figure 5, which is operated by combining the above two modes.
本发明一实施例提供的终端设备。该实施例的终端设备包括：处理器、存储器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序。所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。或者，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述各装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能。A terminal device is provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device of this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of the modules/units in the above-mentioned device embodiments are implemented.
所述计算机程序可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元，所述一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在所述存储器中，并由所述处理器执行，以完成本发明。The computer program may be divided into one or more modules/units, and the one or more modules/units are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to accomplish the present invention.
所述终端设备可以是桌上型计算机、笔记本、掌上电脑及云端服务器等计算设备。所述终端设备可包括，但不仅限于，处理器、存储器。The terminal device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, a cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.
所述处理器可以是中央处理单元(CentralProcessingUnit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DigitalSignalProcessor，DSP)、专用集成电路(ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field-ProgrammableGateArray，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
所述存储器可用于存储所述计算机程序和/或模块，所述处理器通过运行或执行存储在所述存储器内的计算机程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器内的数据，实现所述终端设备的各种功能。The memory may be used to store the computer program and/or module, and the processor implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program and/or module stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory.
所述终端设备集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括：能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM，Read-OnlyMemory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，RandomAccessMemory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是，所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减，例如在某些司法管辖区，根据立法和专利实践，计算机可读介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。If the module/unit integrated in the terminal device is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
尽管以上结合附图对本发明的实施方案进行了描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方案和应用领域，上述的具体实施方案仅仅是示意性的、指导性的，而不是限制性的。本领域的普通技术人员在说明书的启示下，在不脱离本发明权利要求所保护的范围的情况下，还可以做出很多种的形式，这些均属于本发明保护之列。Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and instructive, rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the specification, a person skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, all of which belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
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| CN202410369200.8ACN118280511A (en) | 2024-03-28 | 2024-03-28 | Medical radionuclide accurate management method and related equipment |
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