技术领域Technical Field
本申请涉及电池管理系统唤醒电路，尤其涉及一种电池管理系统唤醒电路、电池管理系统、电池系统和设备。The present application relates to a battery management system wake-up circuit, and in particular to a battery management system wake-up circuit, a battery management system, a battery system and a device.
背景技术Background technique
电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)可以对电池进行管理、控制和使用，提高电池的利用率，防止电池出现过度充电和过度放电。BMS的性能决定着电池的使用寿命，并对电子设备，例如eVTOL飞行汽车、电动汽车等电池驱动的设备的安全可靠运行起着至关重要的作用。The Battery Management System (BMS) can manage, control and use batteries, improve battery utilization, and prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The performance of the BMS determines the service life of the battery and plays a vital role in the safe and reliable operation of electronic devices, such as eVTOL flying cars, electric cars and other battery-driven devices.
BMS在长期未使用时，会进入休眠状态。目前，BMS唤醒方式通常有以下几种：钥匙唤醒、整车控制器唤醒、充电唤醒等。当前唤醒方式不满足用户的BMS唤醒需求。When BMS is not used for a long time, it will enter a dormant state. At present, there are usually the following ways to wake up BMS: key wake-up, vehicle controller wake-up, charging wake-up, etc. The current wake-up method does not meet the user's BMS wake-up needs.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请提供一种电池管理系统唤醒电路、电池管理系统、电池系统和设备，用以解决当前BMS唤醒方式不满足用户的BMS唤醒需求问题。The present application provides a battery management system wake-up circuit, a battery management system, a battery system and a device, so as to solve the problem that the current BMS wake-up method does not meet the BMS wake-up requirements of users.
第一方面，本申请提供一种电池管理系统唤醒电路，所述电池管理系统唤醒电路包括：至少两个唤醒子电路；每个所述唤醒子电路均与所述电池管理系统的供电控制模块连接，所述电池管理系统的供电控制模块还与所述电池管理系统的用电模块的供电模块连接；所述至少两个唤醒子电路至少包括负载唤醒子电路；In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery management system wake-up circuit, the battery management system wake-up circuit comprising: at least two wake-up sub-circuits; each of the wake-up sub-circuits is connected to a power supply control module of the battery management system, and the power supply control module of the battery management system is also connected to a power supply module of a power consumption module of the battery management system; the at least two wake-up sub-circuits include at least a load wake-up sub-circuit;
所述负载唤醒子电路，用于在负载接入电池系统的供电回路时，向所述供电控制模块发送唤醒信号，所述唤醒信号用于唤醒所述供电控制模块控制所述供电模块为所述用电模块供电。The load awakening subcircuit is used to send a awakening signal to the power supply control module when the load is connected to the power supply circuit of the battery system, and the awakening signal is used to awaken the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power-consuming module.
可选地，所述至少两个唤醒子电路还包括下述至少一种唤醒子电路；Optionally, the at least two wake-up sub-circuits further include at least one of the following wake-up sub-circuits;
钥匙唤醒子电路，用于响应于点火指令，向所述供电控制模块发送所述唤醒信号；A key wake-up subcircuit, configured to send the wake-up signal to the power supply control module in response to an ignition command;
控制模块唤醒子电路，用于向所述供电控制模块发送所述唤醒信号；A control module wake-up subcircuit, used for sending the wake-up signal to the power supply control module;
充电唤醒子电路，用于在所述供电回路的供电模块进入充电状态时，向所述供电控制模块发送所述唤醒信号。The charging wake-up sub-circuit is used to send the wake-up signal to the power supply control module when the power supply module of the power supply loop enters the charging state.
可选地，所述负载唤醒子电路包括：负载唤醒开关模块、负载唤醒信号输出模块；Optionally, the load wake-up subcircuit includes: a load wake-up switch module and a load wake-up signal output module;
所述负载唤醒开关模块的第一端与所述供电回路的第一开关模块的第一端连接，所述负载唤醒开关模块的第二端与所述第一开关模块的第二端连接，所述负载唤醒开关模块的第三端与所述负载唤醒信号输出模块连接，所述负载唤醒开关模块的第四端与所述供电控制模块连接；The first end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the first end of the first switch module of the power supply circuit, the second end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the second end of the first switch module, the third end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the load wake-up signal output module, and the fourth end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the power supply control module;
当所述供电回路接入负载时，所述负载唤醒开关模块导通，以使所述负载唤醒信号输出模块向所述供电控制模块输出所述唤醒信号。When the power supply circuit is connected to a load, the load awakening switch module is turned on, so that the load awakening signal output module outputs the awakening signal to the power supply control module.
可选地，所述负载唤醒开关模块包括：第一开关子模块；Optionally, the load wake-up switch module includes: a first switch submodule;
所述第一开关子模块的第三端为所述负载唤醒开关模块的第三端，所述第一开关子模块的第四端为所述负载唤醒开关模块的第四端。The third end of the first switch submodule is the third end of the load awakening switch module, and the fourth end of the first switch submodule is the fourth end of the load awakening switch module.
可选地，所述负载唤醒开关模块还包括下述至少一个子模块：Optionally, the load wake-up switch module further includes at least one of the following sub-modules:
第一限流子模块、第二限流子模块、过压保护子模块、第一单向导通子模块；A first current limiting submodule, a second current limiting submodule, an overvoltage protection submodule, and a first unidirectional conduction submodule;
所述第一限流子模块的第一端为所述负载唤醒开关模块的第一端，所述第一限流子模块的第二端与所述第一开关子模块的第一端连接；The first end of the first current limiting submodule is the first end of the load wake-up switch module, and the second end of the first current limiting submodule is connected to the first end of the first switch submodule;
所述第二限流子模块的第一端为所述负载唤醒开关模块的第二端，所述第二限流子模块的第二端与所述第一开关子模块的第二端连接；The first end of the second current limiting submodule is the second end of the load wake-up switch module, and the second end of the second current limiting submodule is connected to the second end of the first switch submodule;
所述过压保护子模块位于所述第一开关子模块的第一端与第二端之间；The overvoltage protection submodule is located between the first end and the second end of the first switch submodule;
所述第一单向导通子模块位于所述第一开关子模块的第二端。The first unidirectional conducting submodule is located at the second end of the first switch submodule.
可选地，所述供电回路还包括第二开关模块，所述第二开关模块与所述第一开关模块在所述供电回路中串联连接；Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes a second switch module, and the second switch module is connected in series with the first switch module in the power supply circuit;
其中，所述第一开关模块位于所述供电回路的正极侧，所述第二开关模块位于所述供电回路的负极侧；或者，所述第二开关模块位于所述供电回路的正极侧，所述第一开关模块位于所述供电回路的负极侧。The first switch module is located at the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the second switch module is located at the negative side of the power supply circuit; or the second switch module is located at the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the first switch module is located at the negative side of the power supply circuit.
可选地，所述负载唤醒子电路还包括：负载模块；Optionally, the load wake-up subcircuit further includes: a load module;
所述负载模块包括：负载子模块和第二单向导通子模块；The load module comprises: a load submodule and a second unidirectional conduction submodule;
所述负载子模块的第一端与所述第二开关模块的第一端连接，所述第二单向导通子模块的第一端与所述第二开关模块的第二端连接；所述第二单向导通子模块的第二端与所述负载子模块的第二端连接。The first end of the load submodule is connected to the first end of the second switch module, the first end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is connected to the second end of the second switch module; the second end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is connected to the second end of the load submodule.
第二方面，本申请提供一种电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统包括如第一方面任一项所述的电池管理系统唤醒电路、供电控制模块、供电模块以及用电模块；In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery management system, the battery management system comprising a battery management system wake-up circuit, a power supply control module, a power supply module, and a power consumption module as described in any one of the first aspects;
所述供电控制模块，用于响应于所述电池管理系统唤醒电路的唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号，向所述供电模块发送使能信号；The power supply control module is used to send an enable signal to the power supply module in response to a wake-up signal sent by the wake-up subcircuit of the battery management system wake-up circuit;
所述供电模块，用于响应于所述使能信号，为所述用电模块供电，以唤醒所述用电模块。The power supply module is used to supply power to the power-consuming module in response to the enable signal, so as to wake up the power-consuming module.
可选地，所述用电模块包括控制模块；Optionally, the power consumption module includes a control module;
所述控制模块，用于在唤醒后向所述供电控制模块发送自保持使能信号；The control module is used to send a self-holding enable signal to the power supply control module after waking up;
所述供电控制模块，用于响应于所述自保持使能信号，向所述供电模块发送所述使能信号。The power supply control module is used to send the enable signal to the power supply module in response to the self-holding enable signal.
第三方面，本申请提供一种电池系统，所述电池系统包括：供电回路，以及，如第二方面任一项所述的电池管理系统。In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery system, comprising: a power supply circuit, and a battery management system as described in any one of the second aspects.
第四方面，本申请提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：如第三方面所述的电池系统。In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a battery system as described in the third aspect.
本申请提供的电池管理系统唤醒电路、电池管理系统、电池系统和设备，通过设置负载唤醒子电路，可以在负载接入电池系统的供电回路时，向电池管理系统的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，从而唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。The battery management system wake-up circuit, battery management system, battery system and equipment provided in the present application can output a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the battery management system when the load is connected to the power supply circuit of the battery system, thereby waking up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power-consuming module.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
图1为现有技术提供的一种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a BMS wake-up circuit provided by the prior art;
图2为本申请实施例提供的第一种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种负载唤醒开关模块的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a load wake-up switch module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例提供的第二种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的第三种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种电池系统的结构示意图。FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
通过上述附图，已示出本申请明确的实施例，后文中将有更详细的描述。这些附图和文字描述并不是为了通过任何方式限制本申请构思的范围，而是通过参考特定实施例为本领域技术人员说明本申请的概念。The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.
电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)可以对电池进行管理、控制和使用，提高电池的利用率，防止电池出现过度充电和过度放电。BMS的性能决定着电池的使用寿命，并对电子设备，例如eVTOL飞行汽车、电动汽车等电池驱动的设备的安全可靠运行起着至关重要的作用。The Battery Management System (BMS) can manage, control and use batteries, improve battery utilization, and prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The performance of the BMS determines the service life of the battery and plays a vital role in the safe and reliable operation of electronic devices, such as eVTOL flying cars, electric cars and other battery-driven devices.
BMS本身也有功耗，如果一直处于开启状态，会消耗电池存储的电能，所以BMS在长期未使用时，会进入休眠状态。当需要使用BMS时，可以通过唤醒信号唤醒BMS，使BMS从休眠状态恢复到正常工作状态。目前，BMS唤醒方式通常有以下几种：The BMS itself also consumes power. If it is always turned on, it will consume the energy stored in the battery. Therefore, when the BMS is not used for a long time, it will enter a dormant state. When the BMS needs to be used, the BMS can be awakened by a wake-up signal to restore the BMS from the dormant state to the normal working state. At present, there are usually the following ways to wake up the BMS:
(一)钥匙唤醒，也称为KL15唤醒。KL15表示发动机点火信号，KL15一端连接车载电源，另一端连接BMS。发动机点火之前，KL15开关断开，没有信号输入，BMS控制器不工作；发动机点火之后，KL15开关闭合，为BMS控制器提供工作电源，从而唤醒BMS。(I) Key wake-up, also known as KL15 wake-up. KL15 represents the engine ignition signal. One end of KL15 is connected to the vehicle power supply and the other end is connected to the BMS. Before the engine is ignited, the KL15 switch is disconnected, there is no signal input, and the BMS controller does not work; after the engine is ignited, the KL15 switch is closed to provide working power to the BMS controller, thereby waking up the BMS.
(二)整车控制器(Vehicle Control Unit，VCU)唤醒。VCU可以通过车辆内部的通信总线向BMS发送唤醒信号或者唤醒命令的方式来唤醒BMS。BMS被唤醒后，可以监控电池状态、管理充放电过程等。(ii) Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) wake-up. The VCU can wake up the BMS by sending a wake-up signal or a wake-up command to the BMS through the vehicle's internal communication bus. After the BMS is awakened, it can monitor the battery status, manage the charging and discharging process, etc.
(三)充电唤醒，也称为插枪唤醒。插枪唤醒信号可以是一个电阻信号，当BMS唤醒电路检测到规定的电阻值时，代表充电电路已连接完成，可以进行充电，从而唤醒BMS。(III) Charging wake-up, also known as plug-in wake-up. The plug-in wake-up signal can be a resistance signal. When the BMS wake-up circuit detects the specified resistance value, it means that the charging circuit has been connected and charging can be performed, thereby waking up the BMS.
图1为现有技术提供的一种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图。如图1所示，上述三种唤醒信号通过或门(Or gate，OR)与直流-直流转换器(DC to DC converter，DCDC)的使能端连接。或门在接收到任一唤醒信号时，向DCDC发送使能信号EN。DCDC在接收到使能信号EN时，为BMS各个功能块和微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)提供工作电源，例如3.3V、5V等。上述三种唤醒信号的任一唤醒信号可以唤醒BMS。MCU还可以根据预设规则输出自保持使能信号EN，自保持使能信号EN与或门连接，可以在上述三种唤醒信号都消失时，通过自保持使能信号EN使BMS保持唤醒状态。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a BMS wake-up circuit provided by the prior art. As shown in FIG1 , the above three wake-up signals are connected to the enable end of the DC to DC converter (DCDC) through an OR gate (Or gate, OR). When the OR gate receives any wake-up signal, it sends an enable signal EN to the DCDC. When the DCDC receives the enable signal EN, it provides working power, such as 3.3V, 5V, etc., to each functional block and microcontroller unit (Microcontroller Unit, MCU) of the BMS. Any of the above three wake-up signals can wake up the BMS. The MCU can also output a self-holding enable signal EN according to a preset rule. The self-holding enable signal EN is connected to the OR gate, and the BMS can be kept in a wake-up state through the self-holding enable signal EN when the above three wake-up signals disappear.
上述BMS唤醒方式不满足用户的BMS唤醒需求。The above BMS wake-up method does not meet the BMS wake-up requirements of users.
有鉴于此，本申请提出了一种BMS唤醒电路，在负载接入供电回路时，向BMS发送唤醒信号，从而唤醒BMS。In view of this, the present application proposes a BMS wake-up circuit, which sends a wake-up signal to the BMS when the load is connected to the power supply circuit, thereby waking up the BMS.
本申请提出的BMS唤醒电路适用于电动垂直起降(Electric Vertical Take-offand Landing，eVTOL)飞行汽车，也可以用于除eVTOL飞行汽车之外的任一使用BMS进行供电管理的供电回路中，在BMS处于休眠状态时，实现任一负载接入供电回路时，唤醒BMS。The BMS wake-up circuit proposed in the present application is suitable for electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) flying cars, and can also be used in any power supply circuit that uses BMS for power supply management other than eVTOL flying cars. When the BMS is in a sleep state, the BMS can be woken up when any load is connected to the power supply circuit.
下面以具体地实施例对本申请的技术方案以及本申请的技术方案如何解决上述技术问题进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例中不再赘述。下面将结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述。The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本申请实施例可能涉及的使用BMS进行供电管理的应用场景，例如可以为下述任一种：The application scenarios of using a BMS for power supply management that may be involved in the embodiments of the present application may be, for example, any of the following:
(一)使用BMS进行供电管理的供电回路可以包括：电池组、第一开关模块、负载。第一开关模块可以位于供电回路的正极侧，也可以位于供电回路的负极侧。BMS唤醒电路可以与第一开关模块并联连接，即：BMS唤醒电路的第一端与第一开关模块的第一端连接，BMS唤醒电路的第二端与第一开关模块的第二端连接。(i) A power supply circuit using a BMS for power supply management may include: a battery pack, a first switch module, and a load. The first switch module may be located on the positive side of the power supply circuit or on the negative side of the power supply circuit. The BMS wake-up circuit may be connected in parallel with the first switch module, that is, the first end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to the first end of the first switch module, and the second end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to the second end of the first switch module.
负载可以是能够接入电池组的任一负载，例如可以包括任一项：音响、照明、空调等。负载可以通过物理开关、电子开关、接线端子等任一方式接入电池组。第一开关模块可以为任一能够基于高电平或低电平信号导通或者关断的开关管，例如可以为继电器，或者，绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)，或者，金属—氧化物—半导体场效应晶体管(Metal Oxide Semiconductor，MOS)，或者三极管。负载在接入电池组时，可以在电池组的正极和负极之间形成供电回路。The load can be any load that can be connected to the battery pack, for example, it can include any of: audio, lighting, air conditioning, etc. The load can be connected to the battery pack in any way such as a physical switch, an electronic switch, a wiring terminal, etc. The first switch module can be any switch tube that can be turned on or off based on a high level or a low level signal, for example, it can be a relay, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS), or a triode. When the load is connected to the battery pack, a power supply circuit can be formed between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack.
(二)使用BMS进行供电管理的供电回路可以包括：电池组、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、负载。第一开关模块可以位于供电回路的正极侧，第二开关模块可以位于供电回路的负极侧，或者，第二开关模块可以位于供电回路的正极侧，第一开关模块可以位于供电回路的负极侧；负载位于第一开关模块和第二开关模块之间。BMS唤醒电路的第一端与第一开关模块的第一端连接，BMS唤醒电路的第二端与第一开关模块的第二端连接，BMS唤醒电路的第三端与第二开关模块的第一端连接，BMS唤醒电路的第四端与第二开关模块的第二端连接。(ii) A power supply circuit using a BMS for power supply management may include: a battery pack, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a load. The first switch module may be located on the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the second switch module may be located on the negative side of the power supply circuit, or the second switch module may be located on the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the first switch module may be located on the negative side of the power supply circuit; the load is located between the first switch module and the second switch module. A first end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to a first end of the first switch module, a second end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to a second end of the first switch module, a third end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to a first end of the second switch module, and a fourth end of the BMS wake-up circuit is connected to a second end of the second switch module.
第二开关模块可以为任一能够基于高电平或低电平信号导通或者关断的开关管，例如可以为继电器，或者，绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)，或者，金属—氧化物—半导体场效应晶体管(Metal Oxide Semiconductor，MOS)，或者三极管。第一开关模块和第二开关模块可以不同，也可以相同，例如，第一开关模块采用继电器，第二开关模块采用MOS管，或者，第一开关模块和第二开关模块均为继电器，本申请实施例对此不进行限定。The second switch module can be any switch tube that can be turned on or off based on a high level or low level signal, for example, a relay, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS), or a triode. The first switch module and the second switch module can be different or the same, for example, the first switch module uses a relay and the second switch module uses a MOS tube, or the first switch module and the second switch module are both relays, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
下面对应供电回路包括电池组、第一开关模块、负载的应用场景，对BMS唤醒电路的结构进行示例说明。The structure of the BMS wake-up circuit is illustrated below in an application scenario corresponding to a power supply circuit including a battery pack, a first switch module, and a load.
图2为本申请实施例提供的第一种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图。如图2所示，BMS唤醒电路包括：负载唤醒子电路，负载唤醒子电路可以包括：负载唤醒开关模块、负载唤醒信号输出模块。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the BMS wake-up circuit includes: a load wake-up subcircuit, and the load wake-up subcircuit may include: a load wake-up switch module and a load wake-up signal output module.
负载唤醒开关模块的第一端与供电回路的第一开关模块的第一端连接，负载唤醒开关模块的第二端与第一开关模块的第二端连接，负载唤醒开关模块的第三端与负载唤醒信号输出模块连接，负载唤醒开关模块的第四端与BMS的供电控制模块连接。The first end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the first end of the first switch module of the power supply circuit, the second end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the second end of the first switch module, the third end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the load wake-up signal output module, and the fourth end of the load wake-up switch module is connected to the power supply control module of the BMS.
负载唤醒开关模块可以是任一在供电回路接入负载时使输出负载唤醒信号模块可以向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号的模块。The load wake-up switch module may be any module that enables the output load wake-up signal module to output a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS when the power supply circuit is connected to the load.
负载唤醒信号输出模块可以是任一输出高电平信号的模块。例如可以为交流-直流转换器、直流电源、直流-直流转换器、电池、储能电容等任一项。负载唤醒信号输出模块可以与负载唤醒开关模块的第三端直接连接，或者，负载唤醒信号输出模块通过第三单向导通子模块与负载唤醒开关模块的第三端连接。第三单向导通子模块可以是负载唤醒信号输出模块的一部分，也可以是独立于负载唤醒信号输出模块的部分，对此本申请实施例不进行限定。The load wake-up signal output module can be any module that outputs a high-level signal. For example, it can be any one of an AC-DC converter, a DC power supply, a DC-DC converter, a battery, an energy storage capacitor, and the like. The load wake-up signal output module can be directly connected to the third end of the load wake-up switch module, or the load wake-up signal output module is connected to the third end of the load wake-up switch module through a third unidirectional conduction submodule. The third unidirectional conduction submodule can be a part of the load wake-up signal output module, or it can be a part independent of the load wake-up signal output module, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
供电模块例如可以是在供电控制模块的控制下对输入电源进行电压变换的模块，例如可以为DCDC。对于供电模块的输入电源，图2没有示出。The power supply module may be, for example, a module that performs voltage conversion on the input power supply under the control of the power supply control module, and may be, for example, a DCDC. FIG2 does not show the input power supply of the power supply module.
供电控制模块可以是任一可以响应于唤醒信号，控制供电模块为用电模块供电的模块。用电模块例如可以为BMS的各个功能模块、BMS的控制模块MCU等。The power supply control module may be any module that can respond to the wake-up signal and control the power supply module to supply power to the power-consuming module. The power-consuming module may be, for example, each functional module of the BMS, a control module MCU of the BMS, and the like.
当电池系统的供电回路接入负载时，负载唤醒开关模块导通，负载唤醒信号输出模块向供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，唤醒信号可以用于唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。When the power supply circuit of the battery system is connected to the load, the load wake-up switch module is turned on, and the load wake-up signal output module outputs a wake-up signal to the power supply control module. The wake-up signal can be used to wake up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power consumption module.
应理解，唤醒信号可以为高电平，也可以为低电平，具体与硬件实体支持的BMS的唤醒电平有关。It should be understood that the wake-up signal may be a high level or a low level, which is specifically related to the wake-up level of the BMS supported by the hardware entity.
应理解，本申请实施例的BMS唤醒电路可以是BMS的一部分，也可以是独立于BMS的电路，对此本申请实施例不进行限定。It should be understood that the BMS wake-up circuit in the embodiment of the present application may be a part of the BMS or a circuit independent of the BMS, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的BMS唤醒电路，通过设置负载唤醒子电路，可以在负载接入电池系统的供电回路时，向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，从而唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。To sum up, the BMS wake-up circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a load wake-up sub-circuit, can output a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS when the load is connected to the power supply circuit of the battery system, thereby waking up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power-consuming module.
下面对图2示例下的负载唤醒开关模块的结构进行示例说明。The structure of the load wake-up switch module in the example of FIG. 2 is illustrated below.
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种负载唤醒开关模块的结构示意图。如图3所示，负载唤醒开关模块可以包括：第一开关子模块。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a load wake-up switch module provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 3, the load wake-up switch module may include: a first switch submodule.
第一开关子模块的第三端为负载唤醒开关模块的第三端，第一开关子模块的第四端为负载唤醒开关模块的第四端。The third end of the first switch submodule is the third end of the load awakening switch module, and the fourth end of the first switch submodule is the fourth end of the load awakening switch module.
第一开关子模块可以为任一在供电回路接入负载时使输出负载唤醒信号模块可以向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号的器件。例如第一开关子模块可以为任一项：光电耦合器、继电器等。The first switch submodule may be any device that enables the output load wake-up signal module to output a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS when the power supply circuit is connected to the load. For example, the first switch submodule may be any one of: a photocoupler, a relay, and the like.
在供电回路接入负载时，第一开关子模块导通，负载唤醒信号输出模块向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，进而唤醒BMS。When the power supply circuit is connected to the load, the first switch submodule is turned on, and the load wake-up signal output module outputs a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS, thereby waking up the BMS.
负载唤醒开关模块还可以包括第一限流子模块和/或第二限流子模块。The load wake-up switch module may further include a first current limiting submodule and/or a second current limiting submodule.
第一限流子模块的第一端为负载唤醒开关模块的第一端，第一限流子模块的第二端与第一开关子模块的第一端连接。The first end of the first current limiting submodule is the first end of the load awakening switch module, and the second end of the first current limiting submodule is connected to the first end of the first switch submodule.
第二限流子模块的第一端为负载唤醒开关模块的第二端，第二限流子模块的第二端与第一开关子模块的第二端连接。The first end of the second current limiting submodule is the second end of the load awakening switch module, and the second end of the second current limiting submodule is connected to the second end of the first switch submodule.
第一限流子模块可以为任一可以限制流过第一开关子模块的电流的模块。例如可以包括至少一个第一电阻，第二限流子模块可以为任一可以限制流过第一开关子模块的电流的模块。例如可以包括至少一个第二电阻。例如，第一电阻之间可以进行串联或并联连接，构成第一限流子模块阻值。第二电阻之间可以进行串联或并联连接，构成第二限流子模块阻值。The first current limiting submodule may be any module that can limit the current flowing through the first switch submodule. For example, it may include at least one first resistor, and the second current limiting submodule may be any module that can limit the current flowing through the first switch submodule. For example, it may include at least one second resistor. For example, the first resistors may be connected in series or in parallel to form the resistance value of the first current limiting submodule. The second resistors may be connected in series or in parallel to form the resistance value of the second current limiting submodule.
在供电回路接入负载时，电池组与第一限流子模块和/或第二限流子模块可以限制流过第一开关子模块的电流。避免流过第一开关子模块的电流过大，损坏第一开关子模块。When the power supply circuit is connected to the load, the battery pack and the first current limiting submodule and/or the second current limiting submodule can limit the current flowing through the first switch submodule to avoid excessive current flowing through the first switch submodule and damaging the first switch submodule.
负载唤醒开关模块还可以包括：过压保护子模块。过压保护子模块位于第一开关子模块的第一端与第二端之间。过压保护子模块可以为任一具有稳压功能的子模块，例如可以为稳压二极管、稳压三极管、集成稳压器等。The load wake-up switch module may further include: an overvoltage protection submodule. The overvoltage protection submodule is located between the first end and the second end of the first switch submodule. The overvoltage protection submodule may be any submodule having a voltage stabilization function, such as a voltage stabilizing diode, a voltage stabilizing transistor, an integrated voltage stabilizer, etc.
过压保护子模块可以在电路中出现超过电池组正常供电的电压时，可以减小第一开关子模块的第一端和第二端之间的电压的波动，避免第一开关子模块被大电压击坏。When a voltage exceeding the normal power supply of the battery pack appears in the circuit, the overvoltage protection submodule can reduce the voltage fluctuation between the first end and the second end of the first switch submodule to prevent the first switch submodule from being damaged by the high voltage.
负载唤醒开关模块还可以包括：第一单向导通子模块。第一单向导通子模块位于第一开关子模块的第二端。The load wake-up switch module may further include: a first unidirectional conduction submodule. The first unidirectional conduction submodule is located at the second end of the first switch submodule.
第一单向导通子模块可以为任一可以基于正向电压导通，基于反向电压截止的子模块，例如可以为一个二极管，也可以为多个二极管的串联。在电池组为第一单向导通子模块提供正向电压时，例如第一单向导通子模块为二极管时，电池组的正极连接二极管的正极，电池组的负极连接二极管的负极，第一单向导通子模块导通，第一开关子模块与电池组的供电连接正常。反之，若电池组正负极接反时，即电池组的正极连接二极管的负极，电池组的负极连接二极管的正极时，第一单向导通子模块截止，第一开关子模块与电池组的供电连接断开。第一单向导通子模块用于保持电路单向通电，可以避免电池组正负极接反时损坏第一开关子模块。The first unidirectional conducting submodule can be any submodule that can be turned on based on a forward voltage and cut off based on a reverse voltage, for example, it can be a diode, or it can be a series connection of multiple diodes. When the battery pack provides a forward voltage to the first unidirectional conducting submodule, for example, when the first unidirectional conducting submodule is a diode, the positive electrode of the battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the diode, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the diode, the first unidirectional conducting submodule is turned on, and the power supply connection between the first switch submodule and the battery pack is normal. On the contrary, if the positive and negative poles of the battery pack are reversed, that is, the positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the diode, and the negative pole of the battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the diode, the first unidirectional conducting submodule is cut off, and the power supply connection between the first switch submodule and the battery pack is disconnected. The first unidirectional conducting submodule is used to keep the circuit unidirectionally energized, which can avoid damage to the first switch submodule when the positive and negative poles of the battery pack are reversed.
进一步的，唤醒信号还可以唤醒BMS对负载进行供电管理。例如，当电池组的电量充足时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块闭合的方式对负载进行供电。或者，当电池组的电量不足时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块断开的方式停止对负载进行供电。Furthermore, the wake-up signal can also wake up the BMS to manage the power supply to the load. For example, when the battery pack has sufficient power, the BMS can supply power to the load by controlling the first switch module to close. Alternatively, when the battery pack has insufficient power, the BMS can stop supplying power to the load by controlling the first switch module to open.
下面对应供电回路包括电池组、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、负载的应用场景，对BMS唤醒电路的结构进行示例说明。The structure of the BMS wake-up circuit is illustrated below in an application scenario corresponding to a power supply circuit including a battery pack, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a load.
图4为本申请实施例提供的第二种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图。如图4所示，供电回路还可以包括第二开关模块，第二开关模块与第一开关模块在供电回路中串联连接。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4, the power supply circuit may further include a second switch module, and the second switch module is connected in series with the first switch module in the power supply circuit.
其中，第一开关模块位于供电回路的正极侧，第二开关模块位于供电回路的负极侧；或者，第二开关模块位于供电回路的正极侧，第一开关模块位于供电回路的负极侧。图4是以第一开关模块位于供电回路的正极侧，第二开关模块位于供电回路的负极侧为例进行示意说明。The first switch module is located on the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the second switch module is located on the negative side of the power supply circuit; or the second switch module is located on the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the first switch module is located on the negative side of the power supply circuit. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of an example in which the first switch module is located on the positive side of the power supply circuit, and the second switch module is located on the negative side of the power supply circuit.
负载唤醒子电路还可以包括：负载模块。负载模块的第一端与第二开关模块的第一端连接，负载模块的第二端与第二开关模块的第二端连接。The load awakening subcircuit may further include: a load module, wherein a first end of the load module is connected to a first end of the second switch module, and a second end of the load module is connected to a second end of the second switch module.
负载模块可以是任一可以与负载形成供电回路的模块，例如可以为任一项：二极管、电阻等。The load module may be any module that can form a power supply loop with the load, for example, it may be any one of: a diode, a resistor, etc.
负载模块可以包括：负载子模块；负载子模块的第一端为负载模块的第一端。负载子模块可以包括至少一个第三电阻，例如，第三电阻之间可以进行串联或并联连接，构成负载子模块阻值。在负载唤醒子电路中包括负载子模块时，还可以根据供电回路中电池组的电压，合理设定负载子模块阻值，和/或，第一限流子模块阻值和/或第二限流子模块阻值，在供电回路接入负载时，使流过第一开关子模块的电流在工作范围之内，从而可以导通第一开关子模块，又可以避免第一开关子模块因电流过大而造成损坏。The load module may include: a load submodule; the first end of the load submodule is the first end of the load module. The load submodule may include at least one third resistor. For example, the third resistors may be connected in series or in parallel to form the resistance of the load submodule. When the load submodule is included in the load wake-up subcircuit, the resistance of the load submodule and/or the resistance of the first current limiting submodule and/or the resistance of the second current limiting submodule may be reasonably set according to the voltage of the battery pack in the power supply circuit. When the power supply circuit is connected to the load, the current flowing through the first switch submodule is within the working range, so that the first switch submodule can be turned on, and the first switch submodule can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive current.
负载模块还可以包括：第二单向导通子模块；第二单向导通子模块的第一端为负载模块的第二端，第二单向导通子模块的第二端与负载子模块的第二端连接。The load module may further include: a second unidirectional conducting submodule; a first end of the second unidirectional conducting submodule is the second end of the load module, and a second end of the second unidirectional conducting submodule is connected to the second end of the load submodule.
第二单向导通子模块可以为任一可以基于正向电压导通，基于反向电压截止的子模块，例如可以为一个二极管，也可以为多个二极管的串联。在电池组为第二单向导通子模块提供正向电压时，例如第二单向导通子模块为二极管时，电池组的正极连接二极管的正极，电池组的负极连接二极管的负极，第二单向导通子模块导通，第一开关子模块与电池组的供电连接正常工作。反之，若电池组正负极接反时，即电池组的正极连接二极管的负极，电池组的负极连接二极管的正极时，第二单向导通子模块截止，第一开关子模块与电池组的供电连接断开。第二单向导通子模块用于保持电路单向通电，可以避免电池组正负极接反时损坏第一开关子模块。The second unidirectional conducting submodule can be any submodule that can be turned on based on a forward voltage and cut off based on a reverse voltage, for example, it can be a diode, or it can be a series connection of multiple diodes. When the battery pack provides a forward voltage to the second unidirectional conducting submodule, for example, when the second unidirectional conducting submodule is a diode, the positive electrode of the battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the diode, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the diode, the second unidirectional conducting submodule is turned on, and the power supply connection between the first switch submodule and the battery pack works normally. On the contrary, if the positive and negative poles of the battery pack are reversed, that is, the positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the diode, and the negative pole of the battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the diode, the second unidirectional conducting submodule is cut off, and the power supply connection between the first switch submodule and the battery pack is disconnected. The second unidirectional conducting submodule is used to keep the circuit unidirectionally energized, which can avoid damage to the first switch submodule when the positive and negative poles of the battery pack are reversed.
当供电回路接入负载时，第一开关子模块导通，负载唤醒信号输出模块向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，唤醒信号用于唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。When the power supply circuit is connected to the load, the first switch submodule is turned on, and the load wake-up signal output module outputs a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS. The wake-up signal is used to wake up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power consumption module.
综上所述，BMS唤醒电路，可以在负载接入供电回路时，向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，从而唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。In summary, the BMS wake-up circuit can output a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS when the load is connected to the power supply circuit, thereby waking up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power consumption module.
进一步的，唤醒信号还可以唤醒BMS对负载进行供电管理。例如当电池组的电量充足时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块和第二开关模块闭合的方式对负载进行供电。或者，当电池组的电量不足时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块和第二开关模块断开的方式停止对负载进行供电。Furthermore, the wake-up signal can also wake up the BMS to manage the power supply to the load. For example, when the battery pack has sufficient power, the BMS can supply power to the load by controlling the first switch module and the second switch module to be closed. Alternatively, when the battery pack has insufficient power, the BMS can stop supplying power to the load by controlling the first switch module and the second switch module to be disconnected.
BMS唤醒电路除了可以在负载接入供电回路时唤醒BMS，还可以通过其余的唤醒方式唤醒BMS，下面对BMS可能的唤醒方式进行说明。In addition to waking up the BMS when the load is connected to the power supply circuit, the BMS wake-up circuit can also wake up the BMS through other wake-up methods. The possible wake-up methods of the BMS are described below.
图5为本申请实施例提供的第三种BMS唤醒电路的结构示意图。如图5所示，BMS唤醒电路包括：至少两个唤醒子电路；每个唤醒子电路均与BMS的供电控制模块连接，BMS的供电控制模块还与BMS的用电模块的供电模块连接；至少两个唤醒子电路至少包括负载唤醒子电路。FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third BMS wake-up circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5, the BMS wake-up circuit includes: at least two wake-up sub-circuits; each wake-up sub-circuit is connected to the power supply control module of the BMS, and the power supply control module of the BMS is also connected to the power supply module of the power consumption module of the BMS; the at least two wake-up sub-circuits include at least a load wake-up sub-circuit.
当电池系统的供电回路接入负载时，负载唤醒子电路向BMS的供电控制模块输出唤醒信号，唤醒信号用于唤醒供电控制模块控制供电模块为用电模块供电。具体实现方式可以参见前述实施方式，此处不再赘述。When the power supply circuit of the battery system is connected to the load, the load awakening subcircuit outputs a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS, and the wake-up signal is used to wake up the power supply control module to control the power supply module to supply power to the power consumption module. The specific implementation method can be referred to the above implementation method, which will not be repeated here.
BMS唤醒电路除了包括负载唤醒子电路之外，还可以包括的唤醒子电路，具体与硬件实体支持的唤醒BMS的方式有关。例如以电动汽车为例，唤醒子电路例如还可以包括以下至少一项：钥匙唤醒子电路、控制模块唤醒子电路、充电唤醒子电路等。在图5所示的示例下，BMS唤醒电路包括四个唤醒子电路，分别为负载唤醒子电路、钥匙唤醒子电路、控制模块唤醒子电路、充电唤醒子电路。In addition to the load wake-up subcircuit, the BMS wake-up circuit may also include a wake-up subcircuit, which is specifically related to the way of waking up the BMS supported by the hardware entity. For example, taking an electric vehicle as an example, the wake-up subcircuit may also include at least one of the following: a key wake-up subcircuit, a control module wake-up subcircuit, a charging wake-up subcircuit, etc. In the example shown in FIG5 , the BMS wake-up circuit includes four wake-up subcircuits, namely, a load wake-up subcircuit, a key wake-up subcircuit, a control module wake-up subcircuit, and a charging wake-up subcircuit.
四个唤醒子电路均与供电控制模块连接。供电控制模块可以为逻辑门，逻辑门的类型可以由唤醒信号的电平和硬件实体支持的BMS的唤醒电平确定。例如硬件实体支持的BMS的唤醒电平为高电平，唤醒信号为高电平信号时，供电控制模块可以为或门；硬件实体支持的BMS的唤醒电平为高电平，唤醒信号为低电平时，供电控制模块可以为与非门；硬件实体支持的BMS的唤醒电平为低电平，唤醒信号为低电平时，供电控制模块可以为与门。具体根据实际情况进行设定。The four wake-up sub-circuits are all connected to the power supply control module. The power supply control module can be a logic gate, and the type of the logic gate can be determined by the level of the wake-up signal and the wake-up level of the BMS supported by the hardware entity. For example, when the wake-up level of the BMS supported by the hardware entity is high and the wake-up signal is a high-level signal, the power supply control module can be an OR gate; when the wake-up level of the BMS supported by the hardware entity is high and the wake-up signal is low, the power supply control module can be a NAND gate; when the wake-up level of the BMS supported by the hardware entity is low and the wake-up signal is low, the power supply control module can be an AND gate. It should be set according to the actual situation.
在供电回路包括电池组、第一开关模块、负载时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块闭合或断开的方式对负载进行供电管理。在供电回路包括电池组、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、负载时，BMS可以通过控制第一开关模块与第二开关模块闭合或断开的方式对负载进行供电管理。When the power supply circuit includes a battery pack, a first switch module, and a load, the BMS can manage the power supply to the load by controlling the first switch module to close or open. When the power supply circuit includes a battery pack, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a load, the BMS can manage the power supply to the load by controlling the first switch module and the second switch module to close or open.
钥匙唤醒子电路，可以响应于点火指令，向BMS的供电控制模块发送唤醒信号，唤醒信号用于唤醒BMS。例如，用户可以通过转动汽车钥匙触发点火指令，也可以通过按下一键启动按键的方式触发点火指令。唤醒信号可以为高电平信号，也可以为低电平信号。The key wake-up subcircuit can respond to the ignition command and send a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS. The wake-up signal is used to wake up the BMS. For example, the user can trigger the ignition command by turning the car key or by pressing the one-touch start button. The wake-up signal can be a high-level signal or a low-level signal.
控制模块唤醒子电路，例如可以是使用VCU唤醒BMS的子电路。控制模块唤醒子电路可以向BMS的供电控制模块发送唤醒信号，唤醒信号用于唤醒BMS对供电模块进行供电管理。控制模块唤醒子电路可以是任一可以输出高电平或低电平的控制信号的子电路，例如可以包括单片机、嵌入式处理器、可编程逻辑器件等任一处理单元。可选地，除处理单元之外，还可以包括处理单元的外围电路单元。控制模块唤醒子电路可以设定发送唤醒信号的规则，控制模块唤醒子电路可以根据预设规则向BMS发送唤醒信号，唤醒信号可以为高电平信号，也可以为低电平信号。The control module wake-up subcircuit may be, for example, a subcircuit that uses the VCU to wake up the BMS. The control module wake-up subcircuit may send a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS, and the wake-up signal is used to wake up the BMS to manage the power supply of the power supply module. The control module wake-up subcircuit may be any subcircuit that can output a high-level or low-level control signal, and may include, for example, any processing unit such as a single-chip microcomputer, an embedded processor, or a programmable logic device. Optionally, in addition to the processing unit, a peripheral circuit unit of the processing unit may also be included. The control module wake-up subcircuit may set a rule for sending a wake-up signal, and the control module wake-up subcircuit may send a wake-up signal to the BMS according to the preset rule, and the wake-up signal may be a high-level signal or a low-level signal.
充电唤醒子电路，可以在供电回路的供电模块进入充电状态时，向BMS的供电控制模块发送唤醒信号，唤醒信号可以用于唤醒BMS对供电模块进行充电管理。例如供电模块可以在连接外部输入电源时进入充电状态，外部输入电源可以为直流电源，也可以为交流电源，具体与供电模块连接的充电电路的方式有关。例如用户可以通过将充电桩的充电枪接入车辆的方式，使车辆的供电模块连接外部输入电源。唤醒信号可以为高电平信号，也可以为低电平信号。The charging wake-up subcircuit can send a wake-up signal to the power supply control module of the BMS when the power supply module of the power supply circuit enters the charging state. The wake-up signal can be used to wake up the BMS to manage the charging of the power supply module. For example, the power supply module can enter the charging state when it is connected to an external input power supply. The external input power supply can be a DC power supply or an AC power supply, which is related to the way the charging circuit is connected to the power supply module. For example, the user can connect the vehicle's power supply module to an external input power supply by connecting the charging gun of the charging pile to the vehicle. The wake-up signal can be a high-level signal or a low-level signal.
图5是以四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号均为高电平信号，供电控制模块为或门为例，四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号通过或门与供电模块DCDC的使能端连接。或门在接收到任一唤醒信号时，向DCDC发送使能信号EN。DCDC在接收到使能信号EN时，为BMS各个功能块和控制模块MCU提供工作电源，例如3.3V、5V等。四个唤醒子电路中任一唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号都可以唤醒BMS。MCU还可以根据预设规则输出自保持使能信号EN，自保持使能信号EN与或门连接，可以在四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号都消失时，通过自保持使能信号EN使BMS保持唤醒状态。Figure 5 takes the case where the wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits are all high-level signals and the power supply control module is an OR gate as an example. The wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits are connected to the enable end of the power supply module DCDC through the OR gate. When the OR gate receives any wake-up signal, it sends an enable signal EN to DCDC. When DCDC receives the enable signal EN, it provides working power, such as 3.3V, 5V, etc., to each functional block of the BMS and the control module MCU. The wake-up signal sent by any of the four wake-up sub-circuits can wake up the BMS. The MCU can also output a self-holding enable signal EN according to a preset rule. The self-holding enable signal EN is connected to the OR gate. When the wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits disappear, the BMS can be kept in the wake-up state through the self-holding enable signal EN.
综上，BMS唤醒电路可以通过负载唤醒子电路，唤醒BMS对负载进行供电管理；通过钥匙唤醒子电路、控制模块唤醒子电路、充电唤醒子电路等任一唤醒子电路唤醒BMS对供电模块进行供电管理。In summary, the BMS wake-up circuit can wake up the BMS to manage the power supply to the load through the load wake-up sub-circuit; and wake up the BMS to manage the power supply to the power supply module through any wake-up sub-circuit such as the key wake-up sub-circuit, the control module wake-up sub-circuit, and the charging wake-up sub-circuit.
下面以第一开关子模块为光电耦合器为例，对应供电回路包括电池组、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、负载的应用场景，对本申请实施例如何唤醒BMS进行示例说明。其中，第一开关模块可以为主正继电器、第二开关模块可以为主负继电器，主正继电器用于将电池组的正极与负载连接，主副继电器用于将电池组的负极与负载连接。The following uses the first switch submodule as an example of a photoelectric coupler, and the corresponding power supply circuit includes a battery pack, a first switch module, a second switch module, and an application scenario of a load to illustrate how to wake up the BMS in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, the first switch module can be a main positive relay, and the second switch module can be a main negative relay. The main positive relay is used to connect the positive electrode of the battery pack to the load, and the main and auxiliary relays are used to connect the negative electrode of the battery pack to the load.
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种电池系统的结构示意图。如图6所示，该电池系统可以包括：供电回路、BMS唤醒电路、供电控制模块、供电模块以及用电模块。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 6, the battery system may include: a power supply circuit, a BMS wake-up circuit, a power supply control module, a power supply module, and a power consumption module.
在该BMS唤醒电路中，第一开关子模块包括：光电耦合器U1；光电耦合器U1包括：引脚①、引脚②、引脚③、引脚④；第一限流子模块包括：电阻R1、电阻R2；第二限流子模块包括：电阻R3；过压保护子模块包括：稳压二极管D3；第一单向导通子模块包括：二极管D1；负载子模块包括：电阻R4、电阻R5；第二单向导通子模块包括：二极管D2；负载唤醒信号输出模块包括：供电电源VCC；第三单向导通子模块包括：二极管D4。In the BMS wake-up circuit, the first switch submodule includes: a photoelectric coupler U1; the photoelectric coupler U1 includes: pin ①, pin ②, pin ③, pin ④; the first current limiting submodule includes: resistor R1, resistor R2; the second current limiting submodule includes: resistor R3; the overvoltage protection submodule includes: a voltage regulator diode D3; the first unidirectional conduction submodule includes: a diode D1; the load submodule includes: a resistor R4, a resistor R5; the second unidirectional conduction submodule includes: a diode D2; the load wake-up signal output module includes: a power supply VCC; the third unidirectional conduction submodule includes: a diode D4.
电阻R1的第一端与主正继电器的第一端连接，电阻R1的第二端与电阻R2的第一端连接，电阻R2的第二端与光电耦合器U1的第一端(引脚①)连接，二极管D1的第一端(负极)与主正继电器的第二端连接，二极管D1的第二端(正极)与电阻R3的第一端连接，电阻R3的第二端与光电耦合器U1的第二端(引脚②)连接，稳压二极管D3的第一端(负极)与电阻R2的第一端连接，稳压二极管D3的第二端(正极)与光电耦合器U1的第二端(引脚②)连接；The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the main positive relay, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the first end (pin ①) of the photoelectric coupler U1, the first end (negative electrode) of the diode D1 is connected to the second end of the main positive relay, the second end (positive electrode) of the diode D1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R3, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the second end (pin ②) of the photoelectric coupler U1, the first end (negative electrode) of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2, and the second end (positive electrode) of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the second end (pin ②) of the photoelectric coupler U1;
光电耦合器U1的第三端(引脚④)与二极管D4的第一端(负极)连接，二极管D4的第二端(正极)与供电电源VCC连接。光电耦合器U1的第四端(引脚③)与BMS连接。The third end (pin ④) of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the first end (negative electrode) of the diode D4, and the second end (positive electrode) of the diode D4 is connected to the power supply VCC. The fourth end (pin ③) of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the BMS.
电阻R4的第一端与主负继电器的第一端连接，电阻R4的第二端与电阻R5的第一端连接，二极管D2的第一端(负极)与主负继电器的第二端连接，二极管D2的第二端(正极)与电阻R5的第二端连接。The first end of resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the main negative relay, the second end of resistor R4 is connected to the first end of resistor R5, the first end (negative pole) of diode D2 is connected to the second end of the main negative relay, and the second end (positive pole) of diode D2 is connected to the second end of resistor R5.
二极管D1和二极管D2用于保持电路单向通电，可以避免电池组正负极接反时损坏第一开关子模块。二极管D4用于保持电路单向通电，可以在供电电源VCC提供高电平信号时导通，供电电源VCC提供低电平信号时关闭。Diode D1 and diode D2 are used to keep the circuit unidirectionally powered, which can prevent the first switch submodule from being damaged when the positive and negative poles of the battery pack are connected in reverse. Diode D4 is used to keep the circuit unidirectionally powered, and can be turned on when the power supply VCC provides a high-level signal, and turned off when the power supply VCC provides a low-level signal.
光电耦合器U1包括发光二极管和光敏三极管。光电耦合器U1的第一端(引脚①)为发光二极管的正极，光电耦合器U1的第二端(引脚②)为发光二极管的负极，光电耦合器U1的第四端(引脚③)为光敏三极管的发射极，光电耦合器U1的第三端(引脚④)为光敏三极管的集电极。The photocoupler U1 includes a light emitting diode and a phototransistor. The first end (pin ①) of the photocoupler U1 is the positive electrode of the light emitting diode, the second end (pin ②) of the photocoupler U1 is the negative electrode of the light emitting diode, the fourth end (pin ③) of the photocoupler U1 is the emitter of the phototransistor, and the third end (pin ④) of the photocoupler U1 is the collector of the phototransistor.
具体实现时，可以基于电池组的电压选择上述电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、光电耦合器U1、二极管D1、二极管D2、稳压二极管D3的规格，从而使光电耦合器U1的发光二极管可以在负载接入供电回路时导通，以输出唤醒信号。In a specific implementation, the specifications of the resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, photoelectric coupler U1, diode D1, diode D2, and Zener diode D3 can be selected based on the voltage of the battery pack, so that the light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U1 can be turned on when the load is connected to the power supply circuit to output a wake-up signal.
下面对负载唤醒子电路如何采用该结构输出唤醒信号进行说明。The following describes how the load wake-up sub-circuit uses this structure to output a wake-up signal.
在负载接入供电回路时，光电耦合器U1的第一端(引脚①)处的电压大于光电耦合器U1的第二端(引脚②)处的电压，此时，光电耦合器U1的发光二极管导通，使发光二极管发光。光电耦合器U1的光敏三极管接收到发光二极管发出的光后，光敏三极管导通。光敏三极管导通后，供电电源VCC、二极管D4与光敏三极管的发射极之间导通，光敏三极管的发射极输出高电平信号，即输出唤醒信号。When the load is connected to the power supply circuit, the voltage at the first end (pin ①) of the photocoupler U1 is greater than the voltage at the second end (pin ②) of the photocoupler U1. At this time, the light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U1 is turned on, causing the light-emitting diode to emit light. After the phototransistor of the photocoupler U1 receives the light emitted by the light-emitting diode, the phototransistor is turned on. After the phototransistor is turned on, the power supply VCC, the diode D4 and the emitter of the phototransistor are connected, and the emitter of the phototransistor outputs a high-level signal, that is, a wake-up signal.
应理解，在负载未接入供电回路时，光电耦合器U1的第一端(引脚①)处与光电耦合器U1的第二端(引脚②)处没有电压，此时，光电耦合器U1的发光二极管不会导通，发光二极管不会发光。此时，光敏三极管处于截止状态。供电电源VCC、二极管D4与光敏三极管的发射极之间不导通，光敏三极管的发射极停止输出高电平信号，即停止输出唤醒信号。It should be understood that when the load is not connected to the power supply circuit, there is no voltage at the first end (pin ①) of the photocoupler U1 and the second end (pin ②) of the photocoupler U1. At this time, the light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U1 will not be turned on, and the light-emitting diode will not emit light. At this time, the phototransistor is in the cut-off state. There is no conduction between the power supply VCC, the diode D4 and the emitter of the phototransistor, and the emitter of the phototransistor stops outputting a high-level signal, that is, stops outputting a wake-up signal.
在稳压二极管D3的负极电压与正极电压小于稳压二极管D3的击穿电压时，稳压二极管D3不工作。在稳压二极管D3的负极电压与正极电压大于稳压二极管D3的击穿电压时，稳压二极管D3反向击穿，其负极与正极的电压保持为稳压二极管D3的稳压值。可以降低光电耦合器U1的发光二极管正极和负极之间的电压波动范围，避免光电耦合器U1被大电压击坏。When the cathode voltage and anode voltage of the Zener diode D3 are less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode D3, the Zener diode D3 does not work. When the cathode voltage and anode voltage of the Zener diode D3 are greater than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode D3, the Zener diode D3 reversely breaks down, and the cathode and anode voltages thereof are maintained at the stabilization voltage value of the Zener diode D3. This can reduce the voltage fluctuation range between the anode and cathode of the light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U1, and prevent the photocoupler U1 from being damaged by a large voltage.
在图6所示的示例下，四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号均为高电平信号，供电控制模块为或门，供电模块为DCDC，用电模块为控制模块MCU以及BMS各个功能块，四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号均通过或门与DCDC的使能端连接。或门可以在接收到任一唤醒信号时，向DCDC发送使能信号EN。DCDC在接收到使能信号EN时，为BMS各个功能块和MCU提供工作电源，例如3.3V、5V等。四个唤醒子电路中任一唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号的都可以唤醒BMS。MCU还可以根据预设规则输出自保持使能信号EN，自保持使能信号EN与或门连接，可以在四个唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号都消失时，通过自保持使能信号EN使BMS保持唤醒状态。In the example shown in Figure 6, the wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits are all high-level signals, the power supply control module is an OR gate, the power supply module is DCDC, the power consumption module is the control module MCU and the various functional blocks of the BMS, and the wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits are all connected to the enable end of the DCDC through the OR gate. The OR gate can send an enable signal EN to the DCDC when receiving any wake-up signal. When the DCDC receives the enable signal EN, it provides working power, such as 3.3V, 5V, etc., to the various functional blocks and MCU of the BMS. The wake-up signal sent by any of the four wake-up sub-circuits can wake up the BMS. The MCU can also output a self-holding enable signal EN according to a preset rule. The self-holding enable signal EN is connected to the OR gate, and the BMS can be kept in a wake-up state through the self-holding enable signal EN when the wake-up signals sent by the four wake-up sub-circuits disappear.
MCU可以根据预设规则向主正继电器发送第一控制信号，控制主正继电器闭合或断开，MCU还可以根据预设规则向主负继电器发送第二控制信号，控制主负继电器闭合或断开，实现对负载进行供电管理。The MCU can send a first control signal to the main positive relay according to preset rules to control the main positive relay to close or open. The MCU can also send a second control signal to the main negative relay according to preset rules to control the main negative relay to close or open, thereby realizing power supply management for the load.
综上所述，BMS唤醒电路通过负载唤醒子电路，唤醒BMS对负载进行供电管理；通过钥匙唤醒子电路、控制模块唤醒子电路、充电唤醒子电路等任一唤醒子电路唤醒BMS对供电模块进行供电管理。In summary, the BMS wake-up circuit wakes up the BMS through the load wake-up sub-circuit to manage the power supply to the load; and wakes up the BMS through any wake-up sub-circuit such as the key wake-up sub-circuit, the control module wake-up sub-circuit, the charging wake-up sub-circuit, etc. to manage the power supply to the power supply module.
本申请实施例还提供一种电池管理系统，该电池管理系统可以包括如前述实施例的BMS唤醒电路、供电控制模块、供电模块以及用电模块。An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery management system, which may include a BMS wake-up circuit, a power supply control module, a power supply module, and a power consumption module as in the aforementioned embodiment.
供电控制模块，用于响应于BMS唤醒电路的唤醒子电路发送的唤醒信号，向供电模块发送使能信号；A power supply control module, configured to send an enable signal to the power supply module in response to a wake-up signal sent by a wake-up subcircuit of the BMS wake-up circuit;
供电模块，用于响应于使能信号，为用电模块供电，以唤醒用电模块。The power supply module is used to supply power to the power consumption module in response to the enable signal so as to wake up the power consumption module.
用电模块可以包括控制模块；The power consumption module may include a control module;
控制模块，用于在唤醒后向供电控制模块发送自保持使能信号；A control module, used for sending a self-holding enable signal to the power supply control module after waking up;
供电控制模块，用于响应于自保持使能信号，向供电模块发送使能信号。The power supply control module is used to send an enable signal to the power supply module in response to the self-holding enable signal.
本申请实施例还提供一种电池系统，该电池系统包括：供电回路，以及，电池管理系统。An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery system, which includes: a power supply circuit and a battery management system.
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括：电池系统，用于采用前述方式唤醒BMS。该电子设备例如可以为eVTOL飞行汽车、电动汽车等任一项。The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes: a battery system, which is used to wake up the BMS in the above-mentioned manner. The electronic device can be, for example, an eVTOL flying car, an electric car, or the like.
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本申请的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本申请的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本申请的一般性原理并包括本申请未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本申请的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求书指出。Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.
应当理解的是，本申请并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本申请的范围仅由所附的权利要求书来限制。It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410550526.0ACN118219831A (en) | 2024-05-06 | 2024-05-06 | Battery management system wake-up circuit, battery management system, battery system and device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410550526.0ACN118219831A (en) | 2024-05-06 | 2024-05-06 | Battery management system wake-up circuit, battery management system, battery system and device |
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| CN119975226A (en)* | 2025-04-16 | 2025-05-13 | 江苏赣锋动力科技有限公司 | A power management system |
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| CN119975226A (en)* | 2025-04-16 | 2025-05-13 | 江苏赣锋动力科技有限公司 | A power management system |
| CN119975226B (en)* | 2025-04-16 | 2025-07-29 | 江苏赣锋动力科技有限公司 | Power management system |
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