技术领域Technical Field
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其是一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法及装置。The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for automatic network optimization of a private network base station.
背景技术Background technique
5G万物智联时代，垂直行业生产方式智能化、数字化转型升级将持续加速，传统专网技术难以满足企业网络的日新月异的信息化业务需求。5G专网由于能够针对垂直行业的多样化需求进行定制，成为了5G赋能产业的核心手段。5G专网具备适用部署区域化、网络需求个性化、行业应用场景化等特点，在运维和网络优化管理上，相对于公网，需要具备轻量化和自动化，有效帮助运维人员快速处理网络故障和自动规划优化网络配置。In the 5G era of intelligent interconnection of all things, the intelligent and digital transformation and upgrading of vertical industry production methods will continue to accelerate, and traditional private network technology is difficult to meet the ever-changing information business needs of enterprise networks. 5G private networks have become the core means of 5G empowerment of industries because they can be customized to meet the diverse needs of vertical industries. 5G private networks have the characteristics of regionalized deployment, personalized network needs, and industry application scenarios. In terms of operation and maintenance and network optimization management, compared with the public network, they need to be lightweight and automated to effectively help operation and maintenance personnel quickly handle network failures and automatically plan and optimize network configuration.
在接入网运维领域，对系统进行全方位的监控、分析和优化，通常需要Metrics（即度量指标），Tracing（即链路追踪）和Logging（即日志）三类基本数据，以更加白盒的方式观测整个复杂系统。In the field of access network operation and maintenance, comprehensive monitoring, analysis, and optimization of the system usually require three basic types of data: metrics, tracing, and logging, to observe the entire complex system in a more white-box manner.
如图2所示，Metrics，Tracing和Logging三种形式的数据各有特点，互相补充，将它们组合使用会产生丰富的观测数据。其中，Metrics数据记录一段时间内量化的系统内/外部的统计指标，通过多维度聚合、分析和可视化展示，可以用于辅助运维人员观察系统的状态和趋势。Metrics数据的核心特征是可聚合（即Aggregatable），数据体现为计数/百分比形式的统计值，数据量占用空间小，易于存储和分析；但缺少单个样本的详尽信息，因此主要用于发现问题和进一步的定界，至于定位问题需要结合Tracing和Logging。As shown in Figure 2, the three forms of data, Metrics, Tracing, and Logging, have their own characteristics and complement each other. Combining them will produce rich observation data. Among them, Metrics data records the quantitative statistical indicators of the system/external over a period of time. Through multi-dimensional aggregation, analysis, and visualization, it can be used to assist operation and maintenance personnel in observing the status and trend of the system. The core feature of Metrics data is that it is aggregatable. The data is reflected in the form of count/percentage statistical values. The data volume takes up little space and is easy to store and analyze; but it lacks detailed information about a single sample, so it is mainly used to discover problems and further delimit. As for locating problems, it needs to be combined with Tracing and Logging.
Tracing数据记录一次请求从接收到处理完成整个生命周期内的调用链路。可根据Tracing并关联Logging还原出一次请求的整个过程信息，主要用于定界具体异常点。Tracing data records the call chain of a request from the time it is received to the time it is processed. The entire process information of a request can be restored based on Tracing and associated with Logging, which is mainly used to delimit specific abnormal points.
Logging数据记录了特定时间发生的各种离散事件，包含系统/进程最精细化信息。Logging data records various discrete events that occur at a specific time, including the most detailed information of the system/process.
对于为终端提供实时、大带宽业务连接的接入网设备，获取其完整的Metrics，Tracing和Logging数据往往是不现实的，尤其是Tracing和Logging数据采集需要消耗接入网设备较多的计算资源和内存资源，而加剧接入网设备负荷甚至过载的风险。另一方面，因为Tracing和Logging数据量较大，且结构化偏低，例如Logging包括文本格式数据，基于完整的Metrics，Tracing和Logging数据实现自动关联分析和问题的定界定位，成本和实现复杂度都很高。It is often unrealistic to obtain complete Metrics, Tracing and Logging data for access network devices that provide real-time, high-bandwidth service connections for terminals. In particular, the collection of Tracing and Logging data requires a large amount of computing resources and memory resources of the access network devices, which increases the risk of overloading the access network devices. On the other hand, because the amount of Tracing and Logging data is large and the structure is low, for example, Logging includes text format data, the cost and implementation complexity of automatic correlation analysis and problem demarcation and location based on complete Metrics, Tracing and Logging data are very high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请的目的在于克服现有技术中基于完整的Metrics，Tracing和Logging数据实现自动关联分析和问题的定界定位所导致的成本和实现复杂度高的问题，提供一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法及装置。The purpose of this application is to overcome the problems of high cost and implementation complexity caused by automatic correlation analysis and problem demarcation and positioning based on complete metrics, tracing and logging data in the prior art, and to provide a method and device for automatic network optimization of private network base stations.
第一方面，提供了一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法，包括：In a first aspect, a method for automatic network optimization of a private network base station is provided, comprising:
构建Metrics数据模型，所述Metrics数据模型包含待观测的基站系统内功能过程相关系统对象交互序列和Metrics统计项，以及基站系统外部环境和Metrics统计项；Constructing a Metrics data model, wherein the Metrics data model includes a system object interaction sequence and Metrics statistical items related to the functional process in the base station system to be observed, as well as an external environment of the base station system and Metrics statistical items;
将所述Metrics数据模型部署到专网基站，以使得专网基站按照Metrics数据模型进行实时的Metrics数据的统计；Deploy the Metrics data model to the private network base station, so that the private network base station performs real-time statistics of Metrics data according to the Metrics data model;
基于所述Metrics数据模型和专网基站统计的Metrics数据进行自动分析，并基于分析结果执行相应措施。Automatic analysis is performed based on the Metrics data model and the Metrics data collected by the private network base station, and corresponding measures are executed based on the analysis results.
进一步的，构建Metrics数据模型，包括：Furthermore, we build a Metrics data model, including:
确定专网基站需要观测的网络资源对象及其性能指标；Determine the network resource objects and their performance indicators that need to be observed by the private network base station;
确定性能指标对应的网络功能，并对网络功能对应的功能过程的交互序列进行结构化定义；Determine the network functions corresponding to the performance indicators, and structure the interaction sequence of the functional processes corresponding to the network functions;
确定功能过程状态观测点处的度量指标，其中，遵循的原则是用于问题定界；Determine the metrics at the functional process state observation points, where the principles followed are those used for problem delimitation;
确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标，以统计系统对象在运行过程中可能发生的异常；Determine the metrics of system activity association between adjacent state observation points to count possible anomalies that may occur during the operation of system objects;
确定外部环境观测的对象及其度量指标。Determine the objects of external environment observation and their measurement indicators.
进一步的，结构化定义的交互序列中包含功能过程在系统内的Tracing信息。Furthermore, the structured defined interaction sequence contains the tracing information of the functional process within the system.
进一步的，相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标以Metrics数据形式记录系统对象在运行过程中发生的离散异常事件，相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标包含系统的Logging信息。Furthermore, the metrics associated with system activities between adjacent state observation points record discrete abnormal events that occur during the operation of system objects in the form of Metrics data, and the metrics associated with system activities between adjacent state observation points include the Logging information of the system.
进一步的，基于分析结果执行相应措施，包括：Further, corresponding measures are taken based on the analysis results, including:
若分析结果是基站内部故障问题，则基于Metrics数据模型图形化显示定界定位分析结果；If the analysis result is an internal fault of the base station, the delimited positioning analysis result is graphically displayed based on the Metrics data model;
若分析结果是外部因素干扰引起的问题，则生成配置调整指示给专网基站。If the analysis result is that the problem is caused by external interference, a configuration adjustment instruction is generated and sent to the private network base station.
第二方面，提供了一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的装置，包括：In a second aspect, a device for automatic network optimization of a private network base station is provided, comprising:
模型构建模块，用于构建Metrics数据模型，所述Metrics数据模型包含待观测的基站系统内功能过程相关系统对象交互序列和Metrics统计项，以及基站系统外部环境和Metrics统计项；A model building module is used to build a Metrics data model, wherein the Metrics data model includes a sequence of system object interactions and Metrics statistical items related to the functional process in the base station system to be observed, as well as the external environment of the base station system and Metrics statistical items;
模型部署模块，用于将所述Metrics数据模型部署到专网基站，以使得专网基站按照Metrics数据模型进行实时的Metrics数据的统计；A model deployment module, used to deploy the Metrics data model to a private network base station, so that the private network base station performs real-time statistics of Metrics data according to the Metrics data model;
处理模块，用于基于所述Metrics数据模型和专网基站统计的Metrics数据进行自动分析，并基于分析结果执行相应措施。The processing module is used to automatically analyze the Metrics data based on the Metrics data model and the Metrics data collected by the private network base station, and to execute corresponding measures based on the analysis results.
进一步的，所述模型构建模块包括：Furthermore, the model building module includes:
第一子模块，用于确定专网基站需要观测的网络资源对象及其性能指标；The first submodule is used to determine the network resource objects and performance indicators that the private network base station needs to observe;
第二子模块，用于确定性能指标对应的网络功能，并对网络功能对应的功能过程的交互序列进行结构化定义；The second submodule is used to determine the network function corresponding to the performance indicator and to perform a structured definition of the interaction sequence of the functional process corresponding to the network function;
第三子模块，用于确定功能过程状态观测点处的度量指标，其中，遵循的原则是用于问题定界；The third submodule is used to determine the metric at the functional process state observation point, where the principle followed is for problem delimitation;
第四子模块，用于确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标，以统计系统对象在运行过程中可能发生的异常；The fourth submodule is used to determine the measurement indicators of the system activity association between adjacent state observation points to count the abnormalities that may occur in the system objects during operation;
第五子模块，用于确定外部环境观测的对象及其度量指标。The fifth submodule is used to determine the object of external environment observation and its measurement indicators.
第三方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的方法。In a third aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect.
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读介质存储用于设备执行的程序代码，该程序代码包括用于执行如上述第一方面中的任意一种实现方式中方法的步骤。In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium stores a program code for execution by a device, wherein the program code includes steps for executing the method in any one of the implementations of the first aspect described above.
第五方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如上述第一方面中的任意一种实现方式中的方法。In a fifth aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements a method as in any one of the implementations in the first aspect above.
本申请具有如下有益效果：本申请可以指导设计人员系统化的快速设计和构建接入网基站设备的Metrics度量指标数据体系，且能够在不额外消耗接入网设备计算资源和内存资源的基础上，构建包含Tracing信息和Logging信息的Metrics数据，使得Metrics数据信息内容更丰富，以较低的代价实现对接入网设备的监测、分析和问题定位。The present application has the following beneficial effects: the present application can guide designers to systematically and quickly design and construct a metrics data system for access network base station equipment, and can construct metrics data containing tracing information and logging information without consuming additional computing resources and memory resources of the access network equipment, thereby enriching the information content of the metrics data and achieving monitoring, analysis and problem location of access network equipment at a lower cost.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
构成本申请的一部分的附图用于来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
图1是本申请实施例1的用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法的流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for automatic network optimization of a private network base station according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图2是Metrics，Tracing和Logging三种可观测数据体系的示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three observable data systems: Metrics, Tracing, and Logging;
图3是本申请实施例1的用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法中NG-RAN系统架构图；FIG3 is a diagram of the NG-RAN system architecture in the method for automatic network optimization of a private network base station in Example 1 of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例1的用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法中Metrics数据模型的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a Metrics data model in the method for automatic network optimization of a private network base station in Example 1 of the present application;
图5是本申请实施例1中O-CU系统对象视图；FIG5 is an object view of the O-CU system in Example 1 of the present application;
图6是本申请实施例1中O-CU RRC连接建立成功率自动分析视图；FIG6 is an automatic analysis view of the success rate of establishing an O-CU RRC connection in Example 1 of the present application;
图7是本申请实施例1中O-DU系统对象视图；FIG7 is an object view of the O-DU system in Example 1 of the present application;
图8是本申请实施例1中O-DU RRC连接建立平均时延自动分析视图；FIG8 is an automatic analysis view of the average delay of establishing an O-DU RRC connection in Example 1 of the present application;
图9是本申请实施例2的用于专网基站自动网络优化的装置的结构框图；9 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for automatic network optimization of a private network base station according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;
图10是本申请实施例5的电子设备的内部结构示意图。FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application.
附图标记：Reference numerals:
100、模型构建模块；101、第一子模块；102、第二子模块；103、第三子模块；104、第四子模块；105、第五子模块；200、模型部署模块；300、处理模块。100, model building module; 101, first submodule; 102, second submodule; 103, third submodule; 104, fourth submodule; 105, fifth submodule; 200, model deployment module; 300, processing module.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
本申请实施例1所涉及的一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法，如图1所示，包括：A method for automatic network optimization of a private network base station involved in Embodiment 1 of the present application, as shown in FIG1 , includes:
S10、构建Metrics数据模型，所述Metrics数据模型包含待观测的基站系统内功能过程相关系统对象交互序列和Metrics统计项，以及基站系统外部环境和Metrics统计项，如图3所示，具体包括以下步骤：S10: construct a Metrics data model, wherein the Metrics data model includes the system object interaction sequence and Metrics statistical items related to the functional process in the base station system to be observed, as well as the external environment of the base station system and Metrics statistical items, as shown in FIG3 , and specifically includes the following steps:
第一步，确定专网基站需要观测的网络资源对象及确定专网基站需要观测的网络资源对象的性能指标（即KPI指标）。例如：gNB-CU网元内有网络资源对象NRCellCU，相关的性能指标有RRC连接建立成功率。The first step is to determine the network resource objects that the private network base station needs to observe and the performance indicators (i.e., KPI indicators) of the network resource objects that the private network base station needs to observe. For example, there is a network resource object NRCellCU in the gNB-CU network element, and the related performance indicators include the RRC connection establishment success rate.
第二步，确定性能指标对应的网络功能，并对网络功能对应的功能过程之交互序列进行结构化定义，例如：下表1所示的结构化定义。The second step is to determine the network functions corresponding to the performance indicators, and to structure the interaction sequence of the functional processes corresponding to the network functions, for example, the structured definition shown in Table 1 below.
表1：Table 1:
本步骤定义的交互序列属于Metrics数据模型的一部分，其中有功能过程在系统内的调用链路信息，以使得Metrics数据中包含了Tracing信息。The interaction sequence defined in this step is part of the Metrics data model, which contains the call link information of the functional process in the system, so that the Metrics data contains the Tracing information.
第三步，确定功能过程状态观测点处的度量指标，遵循的原则是用于问题定界。例如：在RRCSetup过程的状态观测点已接收RRC连接建立请求处，设计Metrics度量指标RRC.ConnEstabAtt（小区中RRC建立请求次数）。The third step is to determine the metrics at the state observation point of the functional process, following the principle of problem demarcation. For example, at the state observation point of the RRCSetup process where the RRC connection establishment request has been received, design the Metrics RRC.ConnEstabAtt (number of RRC establishment requests in the cell).
第四步，确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标，以统计系统对象在运行过程中可能发生的异常。The fourth step is to determine the measurement indicators of the system activity association between adjacent state observation points to count the anomalies that may occur during the operation of the system object.
本步骤定义的度量指标，以Metrics的数据形式记录了系统对象在运行过程中可能发生的离散异常事件（例如：接收到空指针变量），包含了系统的最精细信息，以使得Metrics数据中包含了Logging信息。The metrics defined in this step record the discrete abnormal events that may occur during the operation of the system object (for example, receiving a null pointer variable) in the form of Metrics data, and contain the most detailed information of the system, so that the Metrics data contains the Logging information.
第五步，确定外部环境观测的对象及其度量指标。例如：gNB内小区NRCell的下行无线覆盖和上行无线覆盖，相关度量指标包括小区上行平均干扰电平等。The fifth step is to determine the object of external environment observation and its measurement indicators. For example, the downlink wireless coverage and uplink wireless coverage of the NRCell in the gNB cell, and the related measurement indicators include the average uplink interference level of the cell.
S20、将所述Metrics数据模型部署到专网基站，以使得专网基站按照Metrics数据模型进行实时的Metrics数据的统计；S20, deploying the Metrics data model to the private network base station, so that the private network base station performs real-time statistics of Metrics data according to the Metrics data model;
S30、基于所述Metrics数据模型和专网基站统计的Metrics数据进行自动分析，并基于分析结果执行相应措施，如果是基站内部故障问题，基于Metrics数据模型图形化显示定界定位分析结果。如果是外部因素干扰引起的问题，生成配置调整指示给专网基站。S30, automatically analyzing the Metrics data model and the Metrics data collected by the private network base station, and executing corresponding measures based on the analysis results. If the problem is an internal fault of the base station, the delimited positioning analysis results are graphically displayed based on the Metrics data model. If the problem is caused by external interference, a configuration adjustment instruction is generated for the private network base station.
在本实施例中，根据第3代合作伙伴计划（3rd Generation PartnershipProject，简称为3GPP）的技术标准TS38.401v15.6.0，下一代无线接入网（NextGeneration-Radio Access Network，简称NG-RAN）组成如图4所示。In this embodiment, according to the technical standard TS38.401v15.6.0 of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP for short), the composition of the Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN for short) is as shown in FIG4 .
在上述实施例中，NG-RAN包含若干通过下一代（Next Generation，简称NG）接口与第5代核心网（5 Generation Core network，简称5GC）连接的新无线节点B（New RadioNode B，简称为gNB）。gNB之间可以通过Xn控制面（Xn Control plane，简称Xn-C）接口互联。一个gNB由一个gNB集中单元（gNB Central Unit，简称gNB-CU）和若干通过F1接口与其连接的gNB分布单元（gNB-Distributed Unit，简称gNB-DU）组成。In the above embodiment, NG-RAN includes several new radio nodes B (gNB) connected to the 5th generation core network (5GC) through the next generation (NG) interface. gNBs can be interconnected through the Xn control plane (Xn-C) interface. A gNB consists of a gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) and several gNB-Distributed Units (gNB-DU) connected to it through the F1 interface.
在一个实施例中，描述gNB专网设备自动化定界定位的一种实现方式：In one embodiment, a method for implementing automatic delimitation and positioning of gNB private network equipment is described:
该实施例是以O-RAN（Open Radio Access Network，开放式无线电接入网）的gNB系统（包括O-CU和O-DU）参考设计为基础，描述如何设计和构建为监测gNB小区NRCellCU的关键性能指标“CU的RRC建立成功率”（RRC Setup Success Rate (CU)）而建立的自动化监测机制。This embodiment is based on the gNB system (including O-CU and O-DU) reference design of O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network), and describes how to design and build an automated monitoring mechanism for monitoring the key performance indicator "RRC Setup Success Rate (CU)" of the gNB cell NRCellCU.
如图5所示，是O-CU（Open Central Unit，开放式集中单元）内各领域在产品实现层面的软件组件，即系统对象，其中，O-CU-CP即开放式集中单元控制面，O-CU-UP即开放式集中单元用户面，UE即用户设备，RRC编码和解码（RRC Encoder&Decoder）即无线资源控制编解码，NGAP编码和解码（NGAP Encoder&Decoder）即Ng应用协议编解码，XnAP编码和解码（XnAP Encoder&Decoder）即Xn应用协议编解码，F1AP编码和解码（F1AP Encoder&Decoder）即F1应用协议编解码，eGTPU即演进的GPRS(通用分组无线业务)隧道协议用户面，NR PDCP即NR分组数据汇聚协议，SDAP即服务数据适配协议。As shown in Figure 5, these are the software components of each field in the O-CU (Open Central Unit) at the product implementation level, namely, the system objects, among which O-CU-CP is the open central unit control plane, O-CU-UP is the open central unit user plane, UE is the user equipment, RRC encoding and decoding (RRC Encoder&Decoder) is the radio resource control encoding and decoding, NGAP encoding and decoding (NGAP Encoder&Decoder) is the Ng application protocol encoding and decoding, XnAP encoding and decoding (XnAP Encoder&Decoder) is the Xn application protocol encoding and decoding, F1AP encoding and decoding (F1AP Encoder&Decoder) is the F1 application protocol encoding and decoding, eGTPU is the evolved GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) tunnel protocol user plane, NR PDCP is the NR packet data convergence protocol, and SDAP is the service data adaptation protocol.
第一步，确定O-CU需要观测的网络资源对象NRCellCU，及其性能指标”RRC建立成功率”（RRC Setup Success Rate） 。The first step is to determine the network resource object NRCellCU that O-CU needs to observe and its performance indicator "RRC Setup Success Rate".
第二步，如下表2所示结构化定义KPI指标”RRC建立成功率”（RRC Setup SuccessRate）对应的功能过程交互序列。The second step is to define the functional process interaction sequence corresponding to the KPI indicator "RRC Setup Success Rate" in a structured manner as shown in Table 2 below.
表2：Table 2:
第三步，确定RRCSetup功能过程各系统对象的状态观测点及其度量指标。例如，系统对象UEProcedureManagement的状态观测点及其度量指标定义示例如下表3所示。The third step is to determine the state observation points and measurement indicators of each system object in the RRCSetup function process. For example, the state observation points and measurement indicator definition examples of the system object UEProcedureManagement are shown in Table 3 below.
表3：table 3:
第四步，确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标。例如：系统对象NRPDCP的度量指标定义示例如下表4所示。The fourth step is to determine the metrics associated with the system activities between adjacent state observation points. For example, the metric definition example of the system object NRPDCP is shown in Table 4 below.
表4：Table 4:
第五步，如图6所示，O-CU实时采集前述定义的度量指标数据，周期性计算KPI指标”RRC建立成功率”（RRC Setup Success Rate）。当RRC Setup Success Rate低于预设门限，则基于RRCSetupCU过程的交互序列模型定义数据，在O-CU监控工具给运维人员图形化呈现RRCSetupCU的时序流程，并通过染色方式标注出现问题的系统对象，及运行异常点的度量指标数据信息。In the fifth step, as shown in Figure 6, O-CU collects the metric data defined above in real time and periodically calculates the KPI indicator "RRC Setup Success Rate". When the RRC Setup Success Rate is lower than the preset threshold, the interactive sequence model of the RRCSetupCU process is used to define data, and the O-CU monitoring tool graphically presents the timing process of RRCSetupCU to the operation and maintenance personnel, and annotates the system objects with problems and the metric data information of the abnormal operation points by coloring.
在另一个实施例中，描述专网小区设备基于可观测Metrics数据模型构建实现自动化网络性能检测和优化调整的实现方式。In another embodiment, a method for implementing automatic network performance detection and optimization adjustment based on observable Metrics data model construction of private network cell equipment is described.
该实施例是以O-RAN的gNB系统（包括O-CU和O-DU）参考设计为基础，描述如何设计和构建为监测gNB小区NRCellDU的关键性能指标RRC连接建立平均时延而建立的自动化监测和自调整优化机制。This embodiment is based on the reference design of the gNB system (including O-CU and O-DU) of O-RAN, and describes how to design and build an automated monitoring and self-adjustment optimization mechanism for monitoring the average delay of RRC connection establishment, a key performance indicator of the gNB cell NRCellDU.
如图7所示，是O-DU内各领域在产品实现层面的软件组件，即系统对象，其中，O-DU即开放式分布单元，F1AP处理即F1应用协议处理，F1-U即F1用户面，eGTPU即演进的GPRS(通用分组无线业务)隧道协议用户面，NR-RLC即NR无线链路控制，NR-MAC即NR媒体接入控制，HARQ管理即混合自动重传请求管理，MAC编码即媒体访问控制编码。As shown in Figure 7, these are the software components in each field of O-DU at the product implementation level, namely, system objects, where O-DU is open distributed unit, F1AP processing is F1 application protocol processing, F1-U is F1 user plane, eGTPU is evolved GPRS (general packet radio service) tunnel protocol user plane, NR-RLC is NR radio link control, NR-MAC is NR media access control, HARQ management is hybrid automatic repeat request management, and MAC coding is media access control coding.
第一步，确定O-DU需要观测的网络资源对象NRCellDU，及其性能指标RRC连接建立平均时延。The first step is to determine the network resource object NRCellDU that O-DU needs to observe and its performance indicator, the average delay of RRC connection establishment.
第二步，如下表5所示，结构化定义KPI指标RRC连接建立平均时延对应的功能过程交互序列。The second step is to define the functional process interaction sequence corresponding to the KPI indicator RRC connection establishment average delay in a structured manner, as shown in Table 5 below.
表5：table 5:
第三步，确定RRCSetup功能过程各系统对象的状态观测点及其度量指标。例如，系统对象F1AP.UeStateManager的状态观测点及其度量指标定义示例如下表6所示。The third step is to determine the state observation points and their measurement indicators of each system object in the RRCSetup function process. For example, the state observation points and their measurement indicator definitions of the system object F1AP.UeStateManager are shown in Table 6 below.
表6：Table 6:
第四步，确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标。例如，系统对象MAC.UeAndBearerContextManager的度量指标定义示例如下表7所示。The fourth step is to determine the measurement indicators of the system activity association between adjacent state observation points. For example, the measurement indicator definition example of the system object MAC.UeAndBearerContextManager is shown in Table 7 below.
表7：Table 7:
第五步，确定O-DU需要观测的外部环境：例如，NRCellDU小区的下行无线环境和上行无线环境及其度量指标定义如下表8所示。The fifth step is to determine the external environment that the O-DU needs to observe: for example, the downlink wireless environment and uplink wireless environment of the NRCellDU cell and their measurement indicators are defined as shown in Table 8 below.
表8：Table 8:
第六步，如图8所示，O-DU实时采集前述定义的度量指标数据，周期性计算KPI指标RRC连接建立平均时延。当RRC连接建立平均时延低于预设门限，启动Metrics数据自动分析，定界为非O-DU系统内故障，而是外部无线环境存在上行干扰，继而生成配置调整指示给NRCellDU小区，启动干扰避让优化措施。同时，基于RRCSetupDU过程的交互序列模型定义数据，在O-DU监控给运维人员图形化呈现RRCSetupDU的时序流程，和时延异常点的度量指标数据信息，便于运维人员观测自动优化效果。In the sixth step, as shown in Figure 8, O-DU collects the metric data defined above in real time and periodically calculates the KPI indicator RRC connection establishment average delay. When the average delay of RRC connection establishment is lower than the preset threshold, the automatic analysis of Metrics data is started, and it is determined that the fault is not within the O-DU system, but that there is uplink interference in the external wireless environment. Then, a configuration adjustment instruction is generated to the NRCellDU cell, and interference avoidance optimization measures are started. At the same time, based on the interactive sequence model definition data of the RRCSetupDU process, the O-DU monitoring graphically presents the timing process of RRCSetupDU and the metric data information of the delay anomaly point to the operation and maintenance personnel, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can observe the automatic optimization effect.
实施例2Example 2
如图9所示，本申请实施例2所涉及的一种用于专网基站自动网络优化的装置，包括：As shown in FIG9 , a device for automatic network optimization of a private network base station according to Embodiment 2 of the present application includes:
模型构建模块100，用于构建Metrics数据模型，所述Metrics数据模型包含待观测的基站系统内功能过程相关系统对象交互序列和Metrics统计项，以及基站系统外部环境和Metrics统计项；The model building module 100 is used to build a Metrics data model, wherein the Metrics data model includes a sequence of system object interactions related to a functional process in a base station system to be observed and Metrics statistical items, as well as an external environment of the base station system and Metrics statistical items;
其中，所述模型构建模块100包括：Wherein, the model building module 100 includes:
第一子模块101，用于确定专网基站需要观测的网络资源对象及其性能指标；The first submodule 101 is used to determine the network resource objects and performance indicators that the private network base station needs to observe;
第二子模块102，用于确定性能指标对应的网络功能，并对网络功能对应的功能过程的交互序列进行结构化定义；The second submodule 102 is used to determine the network function corresponding to the performance indicator and to perform a structured definition of the interaction sequence of the functional process corresponding to the network function;
第三子模块103，用于确定功能过程状态观测点处的度量指标，其中，遵循的原则是用于问题定界；The third submodule 103 is used to determine the metric at the functional process state observation point, wherein the principle followed is for problem delimitation;
第四子模块104，用于确定相邻状态观测点之间的系统活动关联的度量指标，以统计系统对象在运行过程中可能发生的异常；The fourth submodule 104 is used to determine the measurement index of the system activity association between adjacent state observation points to count the abnormalities that may occur in the system object during operation;
第五子模块105，用于确定外部环境观测的对象及其度量指标。The fifth submodule 105 is used to determine the object of external environment observation and its measurement index.
模型部署模块200，用于将所述Metrics数据模型部署到专网基站，以使得专网基站按照Metrics数据模型进行实时的Metrics数据的统计；The model deployment module 200 is used to deploy the Metrics data model to the private network base station so that the private network base station performs real-time statistics of Metrics data according to the Metrics data model;
处理模块300，用于基于所述Metrics数据模型和专网基站统计的Metrics数据进行自动分析，并基于分析结果执行相应措施。The processing module 300 is used to automatically analyze the Metrics data based on the Metrics data model and the Metrics data collected by the private network base station, and to execute corresponding measures based on the analysis results.
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中用于专网基站自动网络优化的装置的其他具体实施方式，可参见上述用于专网基站自动网络优化的方法的具体实施方式，为避免冗余，此处不再赘述。It should be noted that other specific implementations of the device for automatic network optimization of private network base stations in the embodiment of the present invention can refer to the specific implementations of the method for automatic network optimization of private network base stations mentioned above. To avoid redundancy, they will not be repeated here.
实施例3Example 3
本申请实施例3所涉及的一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中的方法得以实现。Embodiment 3 of the present application involves a computer program product, which is used to store a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer, the method in any one of the implementation modes in Embodiment 1 of the present application is implemented.
实施例4Example 4
本申请实施例4所涉及的一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读介质存储用于设备执行的程序代码，该程序代码包括用于执行如本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中方法的步骤；A computer-readable storage medium according to Embodiment 4 of the present application, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a program code for execution by a device, wherein the program code includes steps for executing a method in any one of the implementations in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
其中，计算机可读存储介质可以是只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，静态存储设备，动态存储设备或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)；计算机可读存储介质可以存储程序代码，当计算机可读存储介质中存储的程序被处理器执行时，处理器用于执行如本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中方法的步骤。Among them, the computer-readable storage medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device or a random access memory (RAM); the computer-readable storage medium can store program code, and when the program stored in the computer-readable storage medium is executed by the processor, the processor is used to execute the steps of the method in any one of the implementation methods in Example 1 of the present application.
实施例5Example 5
如图10所示，本申请实施例5所涉及的一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中的方法；As shown in FIG10 , an electronic device involved in Embodiment 5 of the present application includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements a method in any one of the implementations in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
其中，处理器可以采用通用的中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，应用专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)或者一个或多个集成电路，用于执行相关程序，以实现本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中的方法。Among them, the processor can adopt a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a graphics processing unit (GPU) or one or more integrated circuits to execute relevant programs to implement the method in any one of the implementation methods in Example 1 of the present application.
处理器还可以是一种集成电路电子设备，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中方法的各个步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。The processor may also be an integrated circuit electronic device with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the method in any implementation of Embodiment 1 of the present application may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or by instructions in software form.
上述处理器还可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成本申请实施例的数据处理的装置中包括的单元所需执行的功能，或者执行本申请实施例1中的任意一种实现方式中方法。The above-mentioned processor may also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the functions required to be performed by the unit included in the data processing device of the embodiment of the present application in combination with its hardware, or executes the method in any one of the implementation modes in the embodiment 1 of the present application.
以上，仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式；但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，根据本申请的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围内。The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application; however, the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved ideas of the present application within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
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