技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于水下声波监测技术领域，具体涉及一种水下目标监测装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic wave monitoring, and in particular relates to an underwater target monitoring device.
背景技术Background technique
利用声波来测量距离、检测物体或者障碍物，可以应用在地质勘探、油气勘探、水下目标探测等领域，而由于水对其他波传播的限制，在水下进行监测，至今没有比声波更有效的手段。Using sound waves to measure distance, detect objects or obstacles can be applied in geological exploration, oil and gas exploration, underwater target detection and other fields. However, due to the limitation of water on the propagation of other waves, there is no more effective means than sound waves for underwater monitoring.
静电放电(Electrostatic Discharge)是具有不同静电电位的物体互相靠近或直接接触引起的电荷转移。静电放电可形成高电压、强电场和瞬时大电流，并伴有强电磁辐射，生成静电放电电磁脉冲，其中火花放电是带电体之间发生的、通道单一的放电，有明亮的闪光和短促的爆裂声。Electrostatic discharge (Electrostatic Discharge) is the charge transfer caused by objects with different electrostatic potentials approaching each other or in direct contact. Electrostatic discharge can form high voltage, strong electric field and instantaneous large current, accompanied by strong electromagnetic radiation, generating electrostatic discharge electromagnetic pulses, among which spark discharge is a single-channel discharge between charged bodies, with bright flashes and short bursts.
目前，应用于水下声波监测的装置普遍采用传统的声波产生原理合成探测声波进行目标监测，即：通过电磁线圈和永磁体的相互作用带动振动元件振动产生声波，在两个或更多声波相遇时，它们会彼此相加或减去，相互影响叠加，通过声波的干涉实现声波的合成。At present, the devices used for underwater acoustic wave monitoring generally adopt the traditional acoustic wave generation principle to synthesize detection sound waves for target monitoring, that is: the vibration element is driven to vibrate and generate sound waves through the interaction between the electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet. When two or more sound waves meet, they will add or subtract from each other, influence and superimpose each other, and realize the synthesis of sound waves through the interference of sound waves.
目前，尚没有研究将静电放电应用于声波探测技术领域的声波监测装置。Currently, there is no research on applying electrostatic discharge to acoustic wave monitoring devices in the field of acoustic wave detection technology.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明旨在针对背景技术中存在的技术问题，提供一种水下目标监测装置，其声波合成装置首次采用沿面静电放电的原理产生声波，进而对水中物体进行声波监测。The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology and provide an underwater target monitoring device, wherein the sound wave synthesis device thereof adopts the principle of surface electrostatic discharge for the first time to generate sound waves, thereby performing sound wave monitoring on underwater objects.
为实现以上技术目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种基于沿面静电放电阵列的水下目标监测装置，包括总控制器、时序-位姿控制电路模块、声波合成装置和压电传感器；所述声波合成装置包括阵列布置的多个沿面静电放电单元构成的沿面静电放电阵列；An underwater target monitoring device based on a surface electrostatic discharge array comprises a master controller, a timing-position control circuit module, an acoustic wave synthesis device and a piezoelectric sensor; the acoustic wave synthesis device comprises a surface electrostatic discharge array composed of a plurality of surface electrostatic discharge units arranged in an array;
所述总控制器连接所述时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块连接所述声波合成装置合成声波探测信号；所述压电传感器连接总控制器；The master controller is connected to the timing-position control circuit module, and the timing-position control circuit module is connected to the sound wave synthesis device to synthesize the sound wave detection signal; the piezoelectric sensor is connected to the master controller;
工作时，所述总控制器发送指令到达所述时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块控制所述声波合成装置的沿面静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度和放电时序，沿面静电放电单元放电产生声波向外传播，不同沿面静电放电单元产生的声波经过传播与干涉，形成特定方向、脉宽的声波探测信号；所述声波探测信号接触到水中物体后反射回波，所述压电传感器在声波信号覆盖范围内收到回波信号并反馈信号给总控制器，所述总控制器根据反馈信号分析水中物体的方向、距离信息，发出控制指令给所述时序-位姿控制电路模块，进而实时调整合成声波探测信号的方向和脉宽，实现水下目标监测。During operation, the main controller sends instructions to the timing-position control circuit module, and the timing-position control circuit module controls the posture deflection angle and discharge timing of the surface electrostatic discharge unit of the sound wave synthesis device. The surface electrostatic discharge unit discharges to generate sound waves that propagate outward. The sound waves generated by different surface electrostatic discharge units propagate and interfere to form a sound wave detection signal with a specific direction and pulse width. The sound wave detection signal contacts an object in the water and reflects an echo. The piezoelectric sensor receives the echo signal within the coverage range of the sound wave signal and feeds back the signal to the main controller. The main controller analyzes the direction and distance information of the object in the water according to the feedback signal, and sends a control instruction to the timing-position control circuit module, thereby adjusting the direction and pulse width of the synthesized sound wave detection signal in real time to achieve underwater target monitoring.
进一步地，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块并联连接多个静电放电负载分路，每个静电放电负载分路连接一个沿面静电放电单元，用于控制单个沿面静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度和放电时序。Furthermore, the timing-posture control circuit module is connected in parallel to a plurality of electrostatic discharge load branches, each of which is connected to a surface electrostatic discharge unit, for controlling the posture deflection angle and discharge timing of a single surface electrostatic discharge unit.
更进一步地，所述静电放电负载分路具体包括：Furthermore, the electrostatic discharge load shunt specifically includes:
高压回路：用于控制静电放电单元放电，包括高压静电电源，所述高压静电电源连接时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块并联连接储能电容和静电放电单元电路，所述静电放电单元电路路包括串联的触发放电开关和静电放电单元；High-voltage circuit: used to control the discharge of the electrostatic discharge unit, including a high-voltage electrostatic power supply, the high-voltage electrostatic power supply is connected to the timing-position control circuit module, the timing-position control circuit module is connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor and the electrostatic discharge unit circuit, and the electrostatic discharge unit circuit includes a trigger discharge switch and an electrostatic discharge unit connected in series;
中压回路：用于调控静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度，包括中压电源，所述中压电源连接驱动电机，所述驱动电机驱动连接位姿调整装置，所述位姿调整装置驱动连接静电放电单元，用于控制静电放电单元是否偏转以及偏转角度大小；Medium voltage circuit: used to adjust the posture deflection angle of the electrostatic discharge unit, including a medium voltage power supply, the medium voltage power supply is connected to a drive motor, the drive motor is driven to connect to a posture adjustment device, the posture adjustment device is driven to connect to the electrostatic discharge unit, and is used to control whether the electrostatic discharge unit is deflected and the deflection angle;
控制回路：包括低压电源和选通电路，用于根据时序-位姿控制电路模块发出的控制指令选通连接高压回路或中压回路。Control circuit: includes a low-voltage power supply and a gating circuit, which is used to select and connect the high-voltage circuit or the medium-voltage circuit according to the control instructions issued by the timing-position control circuit module.
更进一步地，所述中压电源外加在所述时序-位姿控制电路模块上，所述低压电源嵌入安装在所述时序-位姿控制电路模块中。Furthermore, the medium-voltage power supply is externally applied to the timing-position control circuit module, and the low-voltage power supply is embedded in the timing-position control circuit module.
进一步地，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块包括时序电路控制模块和位姿控制模块；Further, the timing-posture control circuit module includes a timing circuit control module and a posture control module;
所述时序电路控制模块用于控制每一个静电放电负载分路的静电放电单元是否放电、何时放电；The timing circuit control module is used to control whether and when the electrostatic discharge unit of each electrostatic discharge load branch discharges;
所述位姿控制模块用于控制每一个静电放电单元是否偏转以及偏转角度大小。The posture control module is used to control whether each electrostatic discharge unit is deflected and the deflection angle.
进一步地，所述声波合成装置包括沿面静电放电板承载体、以及阵列设置在沿面静电放电板承载体外表面的静电放电单元；Furthermore, the acoustic wave synthesis device comprises a surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier, and electrostatic discharge units arranged in an array on the outer surface of the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier;
所述静电放电单元包括沿面静电放电板以及金属电极；所述沿面静电放电板通过位姿调整装置连接在沿面静电放电板承载体外表面；所述金属电极设置在沿面静电放电板上，所述金属电极的两端分别固定连接所述沿面静电放电板的高压电极和地电极。The electrostatic discharge unit includes a surface electrostatic discharge plate and a metal electrode; the surface electrostatic discharge plate is connected to the outer surface of the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier through a posture adjustment device; the metal electrode is arranged on the surface electrostatic discharge plate, and the two ends of the metal electrode are respectively fixedly connected to the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode of the surface electrostatic discharge plate.
进一步地，还包括手动控制模式和自动控制模式两种目标监测控制模式：Furthermore, it also includes two target monitoring control modes: manual control mode and automatic control mode:
在手动控制模式中，所述静电放电单元阵列排布，并划分为不同区域和编号，每个区域中设置有冗余阵列的静电放电单元备用，即：每个区域中存在的静电放电单元数量大于实际放电的静电放电单元数量；选择单一或多区域的不同大小的静电放电单元阵列，根据实验调制获取多种确定脉宽的声波波束；In the manual control mode, the electrostatic discharge unit array is arranged and divided into different areas and numbers, and a redundant array of electrostatic discharge units is set in each area for backup, that is, the number of electrostatic discharge units in each area is greater than the number of electrostatic discharge units actually discharged; single or multi-area electrostatic discharge unit arrays of different sizes are selected, and multiple acoustic wave beams with determined pulse widths are obtained according to experimental modulation;
所述自动控制模式用来自适应合成声波波束，同时保留冗余阵列的静电放电单元备用；先同步触发各个方向的静电放电单元，各个方向的静电放电单元放电发射均匀的声波信号，声波信号接触到水中物体后向声源装置反射回波；在声波信号覆盖范围内收到回波信号后，通过压电传感器收集水中物体的方向信息并传递给时序-位姿控制电路模块，再次通过时序-位姿控制电路模块选通面向物体方向的静电放电单元所在区域的合适大小的静电放电单元阵列，调节静电放电单元的偏转方向，触发静电放电单元重新放电发出声波信号，朝向一个或多个物体合成确定方向、合适脉宽的单一或多路窄波束，再根据反馈信号实时调整波束方向。The automatic control mode is used to adaptively synthesize acoustic wave beams while retaining the electrostatic discharge units of the redundant array for standby; first, the electrostatic discharge units in various directions are synchronously triggered, and the electrostatic discharge units in various directions discharge to emit uniform acoustic wave signals, and the acoustic wave signals reflect echoes toward the sound source device after contacting the objects in the water; after receiving the echo signals within the coverage range of the acoustic wave signals, the direction information of the objects in the water is collected by the piezoelectric sensor and transmitted to the timing-position control circuit module, and the electrostatic discharge unit array of appropriate size in the area where the electrostatic discharge units facing the direction of the object are located is selected again by the timing-position control circuit module, the deflection direction of the electrostatic discharge units is adjusted, and the electrostatic discharge units are triggered to discharge again to emit acoustic wave signals, and a single or multiple narrow beams with a determined direction and appropriate pulse width are synthesized toward one or more objects, and then the beam direction is adjusted in real time according to the feedback signal.
更进一步地，在手动控制模式中，操作人员根据需要手动选择声波合成方案，发出指令信号后，按设定好的阵列和偏转方向同步触发静电放电单元；Furthermore, in the manual control mode, the operator manually selects the acoustic wave synthesis scheme as required, and after issuing the command signal, the electrostatic discharge unit is synchronously triggered according to the set array and deflection direction;
出现问题无法导通时，启动冗余阵列放电合成声波。When a problem occurs and conduction fails, the redundant array discharge is started to synthesize sound waves.
更进一步地，在手动控制模式中，根据实验调制确定每组阵列中静电放电单元的偏转方向、放电功率、声波增益及声波频率，进而获取多种确定方向、脉宽的声波波束。Furthermore, in the manual control mode, the deflection direction, discharge power, acoustic wave gain and acoustic wave frequency of the electrostatic discharge unit in each array group are determined according to experimental modulation, thereby obtaining a plurality of acoustic wave beams with determined directions and pulse widths.
进一步地，所述静电放电单元的阵列布置可以是各个方向对齐排布，也可以是错位排布。Furthermore, the array arrangement of the electrostatic discharge units may be arranged in alignment in all directions or in a staggered arrangement.
与现有技术相比，本发明所产生的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
（1）本发明提供的水下目标监测装置包括总控制器、时序-位姿控制电路模块、声波合成装置和压电传感器；所述声波合成装置包括阵列布置的多个沿面静电放电单元构成的沿面静电放电阵列，总控制器通过时序-位姿控制电路模块控制声波合成装置的沿面静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度和放电时序，进而产生声波向外传播，不同声波经过传播与干涉形成特定方向、脉宽的声波探测信号，声波探测信号接触到水中物体后反射回波，压电传感器在声波信号覆盖范围内收到回波信号并反馈信号给时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块根据反馈信号分析水中物体的方向、距离信息，实时调整合成声波探测信号的方向和脉宽，能够实现从而实现水下目标的准确、高效监测；(1) The underwater target monitoring device provided by the present invention includes a general controller, a timing-position control circuit module, a sound wave synthesis device and a piezoelectric sensor; the sound wave synthesis device includes a surface electrostatic discharge array composed of a plurality of surface electrostatic discharge units arranged in an array, the general controller controls the posture deflection angle and discharge timing of the surface electrostatic discharge units of the sound wave synthesis device through the timing-position control circuit module, thereby generating sound waves to propagate outward, and different sound waves form sound wave detection signals with specific directions and pulse widths after propagation and interference. After the sound wave detection signal contacts the underwater object, it reflects an echo, and the piezoelectric sensor receives the echo signal within the coverage range of the sound wave signal and feeds back the signal to the timing-position control circuit module. The timing-position control circuit module analyzes the direction and distance information of the underwater object according to the feedback signal, and adjusts the direction and pulse width of the synthesized sound wave detection signal in real time, thereby realizing accurate and efficient monitoring of underwater targets;
（2）本发明的装置首次提出了采用沿面静电放电原理产生声波，属于一种崭新的水下声波目标监测装置,其通过高压静电电源提供沿面静电放电所需的能量，采用电容作为高电压静电场，高压回路选通后，触发沿面静电放电板上的金属电极放电产生声波，是利用强电场导致的沿面间隙击穿电离现象，能够实现连续工作，这使得声波具有更加灵活的频谱特性，甚至可以携带信息；同时，借助时序-位姿控制电路模块对每一个静电放电单元的放电时序、位姿（朝向）单独控制，实现了放电产生的声波方向、时序可控，进而实现瞬态声波作用下的压力场的空间分布精准调控，调制出所需方向、脉宽的理想声波探测信号，且操作简便、高效，为水下目标监测带来了极大便利。(2) The device of the present invention proposes for the first time to generate sound waves using the principle of surface electrostatic discharge. It is a new underwater acoustic target monitoring device. It provides the energy required for surface electrostatic discharge through a high-voltage electrostatic power supply and uses a capacitor as a high-voltage electrostatic field. After the high-voltage circuit is selected, the metal electrode on the surface electrostatic discharge plate is triggered to discharge and generate sound waves. It utilizes the surface gap breakdown ionization phenomenon caused by a strong electric field and can achieve continuous operation. This makes the sound waves have more flexible spectral characteristics and can even carry information. At the same time, with the help of the timing-position control circuit module, the discharge timing and position (direction) of each electrostatic discharge unit are individually controlled, so that the direction and timing of the sound waves generated by the discharge can be controlled, thereby realizing the precise regulation of the spatial distribution of the pressure field under the action of transient acoustic waves, and modulating the ideal acoustic wave detection signal with the required direction and pulse width. It is easy to operate and efficient, which brings great convenience to underwater target monitoring.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例的水下目标监测装置的工作原理流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart showing the working principle of an underwater target monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的静电放电负载分路的电路图示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit diagram of an electrostatic discharge load shunt according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的声波合成装置的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sound wave synthesis device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例实验模拟合成声波探测信号的过程图；FIG4 is a process diagram of an experimental simulation of a synthetic acoustic wave detection signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图中标记说明：1-高压静电电源；2-时序-位姿控制电路模块；3-金属电极；4-沿面静电放电板承载体；5-绝缘涂层；6-沿面静电放电板；7-中压电源；8-驱动电机；9-触发放电开关；10-储能电容；11-高压回路；12-中压回路；13-控制回路。Explanation of the marks in the figure: 1-high-voltage electrostatic power supply; 2-timing-position control circuit module; 3-metal electrode; 4-surface electrostatic discharge board carrier; 5-insulating coating; 6-surface electrostatic discharge board; 7-medium-voltage power supply; 8-driving motor; 9-trigger discharge switch; 10-energy storage capacitor; 11-high-voltage circuit; 12-medium-voltage circuit; 13-control circuit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“同轴”、“底部”、“一端”、“顶部”、“中部”、“另一端”、“上”、“一侧”、“顶部”、“内”、“前部”、“中央”、“两端”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "both ends" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”、“固定”、“旋接”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.
结合图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种水下目标监测装置，包括总控制器、时序-位姿控制电路模块、声波合成装置和压电传感器；所述声波合成装置包括阵列布置的多个沿面静电放电单元构成的沿面静电放电阵列；As shown in FIG1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater target monitoring device, including a general controller, a timing-position control circuit module, an acoustic wave synthesis device and a piezoelectric sensor; the acoustic wave synthesis device includes a surface electrostatic discharge array composed of a plurality of surface electrostatic discharge units arranged in an array;
所述总控制器连接所述时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块连接所述声波合成装置合成声波探测信号；所述压电传感器连接总控制器；The master controller is connected to the timing-position control circuit module, and the timing-position control circuit module is connected to the sound wave synthesis device to synthesize the sound wave detection signal; the piezoelectric sensor is connected to the master controller;
工作时，所述总控制器发送指令到达所述时序-位姿控制电路模块，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块控制所述声波合成装置的沿面静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度和放电时序，沿面静电放电单元放电产生声波向外传播，不同沿面静电放电单元产生的声波经过传播与干涉，形成特定方向、脉宽的声波探测信号；所述声波探测信号接触到水中物体后反射回波，所述压电传感器在声波信号覆盖范围内收到回波信号并反馈信号给总控制器，所述总控制器根据反馈信号分析水中物体的方向、距离信息，发出控制指令给所述时序-位姿控制电路模块2，进而实时调整合成声波探测信号的方向和脉宽，从而实现水下目标的准确、高效监测。During operation, the master controller sends instructions to the timing-position control circuit module, and the timing-position control circuit module controls the posture deflection angle and discharge timing of the surface electrostatic discharge unit of the sound wave synthesis device. The surface electrostatic discharge unit discharges to generate sound waves that propagate outward. The sound waves generated by different surface electrostatic discharge units propagate and interfere to form a sound wave detection signal with a specific direction and pulse width. After the sound wave detection signal contacts an object in the water, it reflects an echo. The piezoelectric sensor receives the echo signal within the coverage range of the sound wave signal and feeds back the signal to the master controller. The master controller analyzes the direction and distance information of the object in the water according to the feedback signal, and sends a control instruction to the timing-position control circuit module 2, thereby adjusting the direction and pulse width of the synthesized sound wave detection signal in real time, thereby realizing accurate and efficient monitoring of underwater targets.
所述时序-位姿控制电路模块并联连接多个静电放电负载分路，每个静电放电负载分路连接一个沿面静电放电单元，用于控制单个沿面静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度和放电时序。The timing-posture control circuit module is connected in parallel to a plurality of electrostatic discharge load branches, each of which is connected to a surface electrostatic discharge unit, and is used to control the posture deflection angle and discharge timing of a single surface electrostatic discharge unit.
具体地，结合图2所示，所述静电放电负载分路具体包括：Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the electrostatic discharge load shunt specifically includes:
高压回路11：用于控制静电放电单元放电，包括高压静电电源1，所述高压静电电源1连接时序-位姿控制电路模块2，所述时序-位姿控制电路模块2并联连接储能电容10和静电放电单元电路，所述静电放电单元电路包括串联的触发放电开关9和静电放电单元；High-voltage circuit 11: used to control the discharge of the electrostatic discharge unit, including a high-voltage electrostatic power supply 1, the high-voltage electrostatic power supply 1 is connected to a timing-position control circuit module 2, the timing-position control circuit module 2 is connected in parallel to an energy storage capacitor 10 and an electrostatic discharge unit circuit, and the electrostatic discharge unit circuit includes a trigger discharge switch 9 and an electrostatic discharge unit connected in series;
中压回路12：用于调控静电放电单元的位姿偏转角度，包括中压电源7，所述中压电源7外加在所述时序-位姿控制电路模块2上，所述中压电源7连接驱动电机8，所述驱动电机8驱动连接位姿调整装置，所述位姿调整装置具体可采用万向机构，所述位姿调整装置驱动连接静电放电单元，用于控制静电放电单元是否偏转以及偏转角度大小；所述驱动电机8在本发明实施例中选用伺服电动机；Medium voltage circuit 12: used to adjust the posture deflection angle of the electrostatic discharge unit, including a medium voltage power supply 7, the medium voltage power supply 7 is externally applied to the timing-posture control circuit module 2, the medium voltage power supply 7 is connected to a drive motor 8, the drive motor 8 is driven to connect to a posture adjustment device, the posture adjustment device can specifically adopt a universal mechanism, the posture adjustment device is driven to connect to the electrostatic discharge unit, and is used to control whether the electrostatic discharge unit is deflected and the deflection angle; the drive motor 8 is a servo motor in the embodiment of the present invention;
控制回路13：包括嵌入安装在时序-位姿控制电路模块2中的低压电源（未示出）和选通电路，用于根据时序-位姿控制电路模块2内集成的逻辑门电路发出的控制指令，选通连接高压回路11或中压回路12。The control circuit 13 includes a low-voltage power supply (not shown) and a selection circuit embedded in the timing-position control circuit module 2, which is used to select and connect the high-voltage circuit 11 or the medium-voltage circuit 12 according to the control instructions issued by the logic gate circuit integrated in the timing-position control circuit module 2.
所述静电放电负载分路的控制过程为：The control process of the electrostatic discharge load shunt is as follows:
所述控制回路13控制高压回路11或中压回路12的选通动作时间；The control circuit 13 controls the gating action time of the high-pressure circuit 11 or the medium-pressure circuit 12;
所述中压回路12选通后，所述中压电源7给中压回路12供电，启动驱动电机8驱动位姿调整装置（万向机构）转向，使静电放电单元到达合适的偏转角度；After the medium voltage circuit 12 is switched on, the medium voltage power supply 7 supplies power to the medium voltage circuit 12, and the drive motor 8 is started to drive the posture adjustment device (universal mechanism) to turn, so that the electrostatic discharge unit reaches a suitable deflection angle;
所述高压回路11选通后，所在分路的储能电容10充电，形成稳定的高电压静电场，触发放电开关9闭合，高电压静电场施加在静电放电单元的两端发生放电。After the high-voltage circuit 11 is switched on, the energy storage capacitor 10 in the branch is charged to form a stable high-voltage electrostatic field, which triggers the discharge switch 9 to close. The high-voltage electrostatic field is applied to both ends of the electrostatic discharge unit to cause discharge.
所述静电放电负载分路的总分路数与实际安装的静电放电单元数相同，多个静电放电单元通过并联连接共用一个高压静电电源1、时序-位姿控制电路模块2、中压电源7和低压电源。所述触发放电开关9根据指令同时或者顺序被触发，使得设定指向的静电放电单元放电产生声波沿静电放电单元阵列向外传播，不同的声波经过传播与干涉形成满足要求的声波波束，从而调制出特定方向、特定脉宽的理想声波探测信号。The total number of shunts of the electrostatic discharge load shunt is the same as the number of electrostatic discharge units actually installed, and multiple electrostatic discharge units are connected in parallel to share a high-voltage electrostatic power supply 1, a timing-position control circuit module 2, a medium-voltage power supply 7 and a low-voltage power supply. The trigger discharge switch 9 is triggered simultaneously or sequentially according to the instruction, so that the electrostatic discharge unit with a set direction discharges and generates sound waves that propagate outward along the electrostatic discharge unit array. Different sound waves form sound wave beams that meet the requirements through propagation and interference, thereby modulating an ideal sound wave detection signal with a specific direction and a specific pulse width.
所述时序-位姿控制电路模块2包括时序电路控制模块和位姿控制模块；所述时序电路控制模块用于控制每一个静电放电负载分路的静电放电单元是否放电、何时放电，也即对应的静电放电单元的高压回路11是否选通、何时选通；所述位姿控制模块用于控制每一个静电放电单元是否偏转以及偏转角度大小，也即控制静电放电单元的中压回路12是否选通、以及如何调控中压回路12中的位姿调整装置。The timing-posture control circuit module 2 includes a timing circuit control module and a posture control module; the timing circuit control module is used to control whether and when the electrostatic discharge unit of each electrostatic discharge load branch discharges, that is, whether and when the high-voltage circuit 11 of the corresponding electrostatic discharge unit is enabled; the posture control module is used to control whether each electrostatic discharge unit deflects and the deflection angle, that is, whether the medium-voltage circuit 12 of the electrostatic discharge unit is enabled, and how to regulate the posture adjustment device in the medium-voltage circuit 12.
如图3所示，所述声波合成装置包括沿面静电放电板承载体4、以及阵列设置在沿面静电放电板承载体4外表面的静电放电单元；所述静电放电单元包括沿面静电放电板6以及金属电极3；所述沿面静电放电板6通过位姿调整装置（万向机构）连接在沿面静电放电板承载体4外表面，所述位姿调整装置连接驱动电机8；所述金属电极3设置在沿面静电放电板6上，所述金属电极3的两端分别固定连接所述沿面静电放电板6的高压电极和地电极。As shown in Figure 3, the sound wave synthesis device includes a surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4, and an electrostatic discharge unit arrayed on the outer surface of the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4; the electrostatic discharge unit includes a surface electrostatic discharge plate 6 and a metal electrode 3; the surface electrostatic discharge plate 6 is connected to the outer surface of the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4 through a posture adjustment device (universal mechanism), and the posture adjustment device is connected to a drive motor 8; the metal electrode 3 is arranged on the surface electrostatic discharge plate 6, and the two ends of the metal electrode 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode of the surface electrostatic discharge plate 6.
进一步地，所述沿面静电放电板6的高压电极和地电极上设置有刻槽，所述金属电极的两端通过压片或焊锡固定连接在所述刻槽中，所述沿面静电放电板表面涂覆有绝缘涂层5。Furthermore, grooves are provided on the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode of the surface electrostatic discharge board 6, and both ends of the metal electrode are fixedly connected in the grooves by pressing sheets or soldering, and the surface of the surface electrostatic discharge board is coated with an insulating coating 5.
更进一步地，所述沿面静电放电板6的高压电极和地电极采用铜、铝、钨、钛等金属电极材料，不同沿面静电放电板6的金属电极材料可以为同一种，也可以不同。Furthermore, the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode of the surface electrostatic discharge plate 6 are made of metal electrode materials such as copper, aluminum, tungsten, and titanium. The metal electrode materials of different surface electrostatic discharge plates 6 can be the same or different.
所述沿面静电放电板承载体4为坚硬的非金属固体材料，所述沿面静电放电板承载体4外表面的阵列排布可以是各个方向对齐排布，也可以是错位排布。The surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4 is made of a hard non-metallic solid material, and the array arrangement of the outer surface of the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4 can be aligned in all directions or staggered.
进一步地，所述沿面静电放电板承载体4的形状可以是圆柱体、球体、长方体或者椭球体等。Furthermore, the shape of the surface electrostatic discharge board carrier 4 can be a cylinder, a sphere, a cuboid or an ellipsoid.
在使用本发明的装置进行水下目标监测时，其目标监测控制模式包括手动控制模式和自动控制模式两种：When the device of the present invention is used to monitor underwater targets, the target monitoring control mode includes a manual control mode and an automatic control mode:
在手动控制模式中，所述静电放电单元沿所述沿面静电放电板承载体4阵列排布，将上述阵列划分为不同区域并编号，可以三维坐标轴为准划分为8个区域，每个区域中设置有冗余阵列的静电放电单元备用，即：存在的静电放电单元数量大于实际放电的静电放电单元数量；选择单一或多区域的不同大小的静电放电单元阵列，根据实验调制获取多种确定方向、脉宽的声波波束，其中，实验调制主要为了确定每组阵列中静电放电单元的偏转方向、放电功率、声波增益及声波频率；具体地，操作人员根据需要手动选择声波合成方案，发出指令信号后，按设定好的阵列和偏转方向同步触发静电放电单元；出现问题无法导通时，启动冗余阵列放电合成声波；In the manual control mode, the electrostatic discharge units are arranged in an array along the surface electrostatic discharge board carrier 4, and the array is divided into different areas and numbered. It can be divided into 8 areas based on the three-dimensional coordinate axis, and a redundant array of electrostatic discharge units is set in each area for standby, that is, the number of existing electrostatic discharge units is greater than the number of electrostatic discharge units actually discharged; single or multi-area electrostatic discharge unit arrays of different sizes are selected, and a variety of acoustic wave beams with determined directions and pulse widths are obtained according to experimental modulation, wherein the experimental modulation is mainly to determine the deflection direction, discharge power, acoustic wave gain and acoustic wave frequency of the electrostatic discharge units in each group of arrays; specifically, the operator manually selects the acoustic wave synthesis scheme according to the needs, and after issuing the command signal, the electrostatic discharge unit is synchronously triggered according to the set array and deflection direction; when a problem occurs and it cannot be turned on, the redundant array discharge synthesized acoustic wave is started;
自动控制模式用来自适应合成声波波束，同时保留冗余静电放电单元备用（当出现问题无法导通时，启动冗余阵列放电合成声波）；先同步触发各个方向的静电放电单元，各个方向的静电放电单元放电发射均匀的声波信号，声波信号接触到水中物体后向声源装置反射回波；在声波信号覆盖范围内收到回波信号后，通过压电传感器收集水中物体的方向信息并传递给时序-位姿控制电路模块2，再次通过时序-位姿控制电路模块2选通（储能电容充电）面向物体方向的静电放电单元所在区域的合适大小的静电放电单元阵列，万向机构调节静电放电单元的偏转方向，触发静电放电单元重新放电发出声波信号，朝向一个或多个物体合成确定方向、合适脉宽的单一或多路窄波束，再根据反馈信号实时调整波束方向。The automatic control mode is used to adaptively synthesize acoustic wave beams while retaining redundant electrostatic discharge units for standby (when a problem occurs and the device cannot be turned on, the redundant array is started to discharge and synthesize acoustic waves); the electrostatic discharge units in various directions are first triggered synchronously, and the electrostatic discharge units in various directions discharge and emit uniform acoustic wave signals, which reflect echoes to the sound source device after contacting the objects in the water; after receiving the echo signal within the coverage range of the acoustic wave signal, the direction information of the object in the water is collected by the piezoelectric sensor and transmitted to the timing-position control circuit module 2, and the electrostatic discharge unit array of appropriate size in the area where the electrostatic discharge units facing the object are located is selected (charging the energy storage capacitor) by the timing-position control circuit module 2 again, and the universal mechanism adjusts the deflection direction of the electrostatic discharge unit, triggering the electrostatic discharge unit to discharge again and emit acoustic wave signals, synthesizing a single or multiple narrow beams with a determined direction and appropriate pulse width toward one or more objects, and then adjusting the beam direction in real time according to the feedback signal.
上述手动控制模式可以人为设定沿面静电放电声波合成的声波探测信号的传输方向，适用于目标物位置比较明确的情况下对目标进行监测；而自动控制模式能够适应目标物方位不明确的更复杂工况下的监测。The above-mentioned manual control mode can manually set the transmission direction of the acoustic wave detection signal synthesized by the surface electrostatic discharge acoustic wave, which is suitable for monitoring the target when the position of the target object is relatively clear; while the automatic control mode can adapt to monitoring under more complex working conditions where the position of the target object is unclear.
在测试过程中可以保留一些效果较好的偏转角度信息，用于固定模式或产生明确指向具体物体方向时合成声波波束，并可通过神经网络训练不断增加的数据，实现自适应角度调配。During the test, some effective deflection angle information can be retained for use in fixed modes or for generating synthetic sound wave beams that clearly point in the direction of a specific object. Adaptive angle adjustment can also be achieved by training increasing data through neural network training.
将本发明的装置在装满水的实验室腔体内进行实验模拟，其中声波在水中的传播速度约为1500m/s，沿面静电放电板6采用陶瓷，绝缘涂层5采用碳涂层，金属电极3采用铜丝，沿面静电放电板承载体4采用长方体，静电放电单元组成阵列为的沿面静电放电平面阵列，合成声波探测信号的过程如图4所示，其中，图4中左图代表的阵列为/>的沿面静电放电平面阵列向外均匀产生声波信号，声波的频率设置为10kHz，多个声波信号经过传播和干涉后，形成图4中右侧图所示的瓣状声波探测信号，该瓣状声波探测信号为中间大、周围小的窄波束，其能够在水中传播较远的距离、实现水下目标物的准确监测，提高水下目标监测的精度。The device of the present invention was experimentally simulated in a laboratory cavity filled with water, wherein the propagation speed of sound waves in water was about 1500 m/s, the surface electrostatic discharge plate 6 was made of ceramic, the insulating coating 5 was made of carbon coating, the metal electrode 3 was made of copper wire, the surface electrostatic discharge plate carrier 4 was made of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the electrostatic discharge unit array was The process of synthesizing the acoustic wave detection signal of the surface electrostatic discharge planar array is shown in FIG4 , wherein the array represented by the left figure in FIG4 is / > The surface electrostatic discharge planar array generates sound wave signals uniformly outward, and the frequency of the sound wave is set to 10kHz. After propagation and interference, multiple sound wave signals form a lobe-shaped sound wave detection signal as shown in the right figure in Figure 4. The lobe-shaped sound wave detection signal is a narrow beam with a large middle and small surroundings. It can propagate a long distance in the water, realize accurate monitoring of underwater targets, and improve the accuracy of underwater target monitoring.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明。凡在本发明的申请范围内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the application scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410398659.0ACN117991271B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Underwater target monitoring device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410398659.0ACN117991271B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Underwater target monitoring device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117991271Atrue CN117991271A (en) | 2024-05-07 |
| CN117991271B CN117991271B (en) | 2024-06-14 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410398659.0AActiveCN117991271B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Underwater target monitoring device |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117991271B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4161121A (en)* | 1976-04-05 | 1979-07-17 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Ultrasonic imaging system |
| US20060039239A1 (en)* | 2002-11-19 | 2006-02-23 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | High-resolution and high-power ultrasound method and device, for submarine exploration |
| CN113777603A (en)* | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Control and signal processing system of ocean and ionosphere integrated detection receiving system |
| CN117169893A (en)* | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 崂山国家实验室 | Laser induced sound cross-air underwater target detection system and method |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4161121A (en)* | 1976-04-05 | 1979-07-17 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Ultrasonic imaging system |
| US20060039239A1 (en)* | 2002-11-19 | 2006-02-23 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | High-resolution and high-power ultrasound method and device, for submarine exploration |
| CN113777603A (en)* | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Control and signal processing system of ocean and ionosphere integrated detection receiving system |
| CN117169893A (en)* | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 崂山国家实验室 | Laser induced sound cross-air underwater target detection system and method |
| Title |
|---|
| 秦华伟 等: "水下目标声学探测识别初步实验研究", 杭州电子科技大学学报(自然科学版), no. 04, 15 July 2016 (2016-07-15)* |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117991271B (en) | 2024-06-14 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4161121A (en) | Ultrasonic imaging system | |
| CN101442871B (en) | Piezoelectric transformer type ionizer and neutralization method | |
| CN101784236A (en) | A method and apparatus for ultrasound tissue treatment | |
| CN110707791B (en) | Ultrasonic wave-based remote high-power underwater wireless charging system | |
| JPS59501921A (en) | Intrinsic delay line ultrasound transducers and systems | |
| CN117991271B (en) | Underwater target monitoring device | |
| WO2020210283A1 (en) | Far-field wireless power transfer using localized field with multi-tone signals | |
| CN117169893B (en) | Laser induced sound cross-air underwater target detection system and method | |
| US3971022A (en) | Phased-array antenna employing an electrically controlled lens | |
| US7292502B2 (en) | Systems and methods for producing a sound pressure field | |
| CN106684573A (en) | High-efficiency and high-power microwave space power synthesis method | |
| CN111163398A (en) | Quick-response high-sound-intensity sounding device and method | |
| CN101332340B (en) | Ultrasound power device and ultrasound tumour therapeutic system | |
| CN111123348A (en) | A plasma source system for high-resolution detection of freshwater shallow formations | |
| CN2568134Y (en) | Fully automatic pulse microwave thermotherapy machine | |
| CN111431296B (en) | A microwave generating system | |
| CN103901393B (en) | Submarine navigation device based on the plasma pulse signal beacon that tracks | |
| US12082831B2 (en) | Combined shockwave and ultrasound source | |
| CN115038008B (en) | Dual-mode acoustic parametric array transmitter based on air-coupled CMUT array | |
| CN116520230A (en) | Power cable partial discharge fault simulation detection device | |
| CN213641498U (en) | Reflection type shock wave generating device and external shock wave therapeutic machine thereof | |
| CN113410653B (en) | Large single aperture radio telescope and method for improving pointing error | |
| CN112505668B (en) | Phased array focusing system for laser-induced acoustic emission | |
| US3600936A (en) | Transceiver ultrasonic image system | |
| CN219434062U (en) | Double-probe multi-beam sounding device |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |