Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a cervical plate for solving the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
A occipital cervical plate comprising:
The top plate is fixedly connected with the occipital bone and comprises a main body part and an extension part which are integrally formed, wherein the extension part is positioned at the end part of the main body part, the main body part is connected with the lower part of the occipital bone, and the extension part has the same shape and size as a skeleton structure of the occipital cervical joint defect and is used for filling the occipital cervical joint defect;
The connecting plate is used for being fixedly connected with the cervical vertebra, the connecting plate is connected with the main body part, the connecting plate is rectangular, the length direction of connecting plate sets up along the cervical vertebra direction.
Further, the number of the extension part and the number of the connecting plates are one, and when the extension part and the connecting plates are implanted into a human body, the extension part and the connecting plates are positioned on the same side of a sagittal plane of the human body.
Further, the number of the extending portions and the number of the connecting plates are two, the two extending portions are located at two ends of the main body portion, and the two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on the main body portion.
Further, a first nail hole is formed in the main body portion, a first fixing nail penetrates through the first nail hole, and the tail end of the first fixing nail is locked at the occipital ridge of the occipital bone.
Further, a second nail hole is formed in one end, far away from the main body portion, of the extension portion, the second fixing nail penetrates through the second nail hole, and the tail of the second fixing nail is locked on the occipital cervical joint surface.
Further, the main body part is provided with a plurality of first body liquid exchange holes, and the plurality of first body liquid exchange holes are uniformly distributed in the main body part.
Further, the extension part is provided with a second body fluid exchange hole.
Further, after the occipital bone plate is implanted in a human body, the connecting plate extends downward from the main body portion to a third cervical vertebra.
Furthermore, two third nail holes are arranged on the connecting plate, and after the cervical vertebra plate is implanted into a human body, the two third nail holes are respectively positioned at the positions of the second cervical vertebra and the third cervical vertebra.
Furthermore, the occipital cervical bone plate is made of PEEK or PEKK polymer materials.
In conclusion, the occipital cervical bone plate can be customized according to occipital cervical joint defect conditions to design a bilateral or unilateral bone plate structure, and the extension part of the top plate is used for filling the occipital cervical joint defect position. The main body part and the connecting plate of the top plate are respectively attached to and fixed on occipital bones and cervical vertebrae of a patient, and the nail holes are arranged corresponding to thick bone parts, so that the implantation effect is firmer while the safety is ensured. Meanwhile, the bone plate material is selected from PEEK, PEKK and other high polymer materials, so that the bone plate has flexibility, can better maintain normal movement of the head while guaranteeing that the bone plate supports the skull, and improves the postoperative life quality of a patient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the use of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic illustration of the use of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the use of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a second schematic view of the use of a occipital cervical plate in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1, top plate; 11. a main body portion; 111. a first nail hole; 112. a first liquid exchange hole; 12. an extension; 121. a second nail hole; 122. a second body fluid exchange aperture; 2. a connecting plate; 21. and a third nail hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first embodiment provides a occipital cervical plate which is of anatomical design and comprises a top plate 1 and a connecting plate 2. The top plate 1 is fixedly connected with occipital bone, and comprises a body 11 and two extending parts 12 which are integrally formed, wherein the two extending parts 12 are respectively positioned at two ends of the body 11. The main body 11 is connected to the lower part of the occiput and is attached to the occiput surface. The two extensions 12 are the same shape and size as the bone structure of the occipital cervical joint defect and serve to fill the occipital cervical joint defect. The connecting plate 2 is used for being fixedly connected with the cervical vertebra, the connecting plate 2 is connected with the main body 11, the connecting plate 2 is long-strip-shaped, and the length direction of the connecting plate 2 is arranged along the cervical vertebra direction, so that the length direction of the connecting plate 2 is basically parallel to the cervical vertebra direction. The number of the connecting plates 2 is two, and the two connecting plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on the main body part 11.
The occipital cervical bone plate of the first embodiment includes two extending portions 12 to adapt to the situation that both occipital cervical joints are defective, and the specific structure of the extending portions 12 is designed according to the patient medical image data, and the bone structure of the defective portion of the patient is reconstructed by using a numerical control processing technology or a 3D printing technology, so that the bones of the extending portions 12 and the occipital cervical joint defect portion can be perfectly matched. Simultaneously, the main body part 11 and the connecting plate 2 play a role in supporting the extension part 12, and the main body part 11 and the connecting plate 2 are respectively attached to and fixed on occipital bones and cervical vertebrae of a patient, so that the connection is reliable, the skull can be supported under the combined action, and the normal movement of the head is maintained.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the main body 11 is provided with a first nail hole 111, the first fixing nail is inserted through the first nail hole 111, and the tail end of the first fixing nail is locked at the occipital ridge of the occipital bone, where the bone is thicker, so that the implantation effect is firmer while the safety is ensured. In this embodiment, the number of the first nail holes 111 is 2, and the first nail holes 111 are located at the middle position of the main body 11, and in other embodiments, the number and positions of the first nail holes 111 may be adjusted according to practical situations, and are not limited in particular.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, a second nail hole 121 is provided at one end of the extension portion 12 far away from the main body portion 11, the second fixing nail is inserted through the second nail hole 121, and the tail of the second fixing nail is locked on the occipital joint surface, so that the extension portion 12 and the human skeleton are stably connected together to support the skull. In this embodiment, the number of the second nail holes 121 is 2, and 1 second nail hole 121 is respectively provided on the two extending portions 12, and the second nail holes 121 are located at one end of the extending portion 12 far away from the main body portion 11.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the main body 11 is provided with a plurality of first liquid exchange holes 112, the plurality of first liquid exchange holes 112 are uniformly distributed in the main body 11, and the extension 12 is provided with second liquid exchange holes 122. The first body fluid exchanging hole 112 and the second body fluid exchanging hole 122 can realize fluid communication between the side of the top plate 1 in contact with the occipital bone and the opposite side. In the present embodiment, 5 first liquid exchange holes 112 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the first nail hole 111 with the first nail hole 111 as a center, and the 5 first liquid exchange holes 112 are located substantially at the center position of the width of the main body 11. Each of the two extensions 12 is provided with 1 second body fluid exchange hole 122. In other embodiments, the number and distribution of the first liquid exchange holes 112 and the second liquid exchange holes 122 may be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is not particularly limited.
In the first embodiment, after the cervical vertebra plate is implanted into a human body, the connecting plate 2 extends downwards from the main body 11 to the third cervical vertebra, two third nail holes 21 are arranged on the connecting plate 2, and after the cervical vertebra plate is implanted into the human body, the two third nail holes 21 are respectively positioned at the second cervical vertebra and the third cervical vertebra. In this embodiment, two extending portions 12 are respectively disposed at two ends of the main body 11, and in order to improve the stability of implantation, the number of the connecting plates 2 is set to 2, and two connecting plates 2 are symmetrically disposed on the main body 11. Preferably, the third fixing nail is arranged in the third nail hole 21 in a penetrating mode, the tail of the third fixing nail is locked at the position of the lower articular process or the upper articular process of the second cervical vertebra and the third cervical vertebra, and the bone is thicker at the position, so that the product is firm in implantation effect while the safety is guaranteed.
In the first embodiment, the top plate 1 and the connecting plate 2 are of an integrated structure, and the cervical vertebra plate is made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or polyether ketone (PEKK) and other high polymer materials which can be implanted in orthopaedics, and has flexibility and can maintain normal movement of the head.
According to the embodiment, firstly, through a medical imaging technology and a customized design, a numerical control processing technology or a 3D printing technology is used for reconstructing a bone structure of a defective part of a patient, so that the bionic radian is good, and the postoperative life quality of the patient is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the occipital bone plate of the first embodiment is used, the first fixing nails are inserted into the first nail holes 111, and the tail ends of the first fixing nails are locked at the occipital ridge bone of the occipital bone at a thicker position; the two extension parts 12 are respectively used for filling the positions of occipital cervical joint defects at two sides of occipital bone, wherein the second fixing nails are penetrated through the second nail holes 121, and the tail parts of the second fixing nails are locked on occipital cervical joint surfaces; two third nail holes 21 are respectively positioned at the second cervical vertebra and the third cervical vertebra, and screws are driven into the third nail holes 21 to fix the connecting plate on the cervical vertebra, thus completing the implantation and fixation of the occipital bone plate.
Example two
Aiming at the defect condition of the occipital cervical joint on one side of a patient, this embodiment provides a unilateral occipital cervical bone plate, as shown in fig. 6-10, the occipital cervical bone plate comprises a top plate 1 and a connecting plate 2, the top plate 1 comprises a main body part 11 and an extending part 12 which are integrally formed, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the number of the extending parts 12 is one and is positioned at one end of the main body part 11, the number of the connecting plates 2 is also one, and when the occipital cervical bone plate is implanted into a human body, the extending part 12 and the connecting plates 2 are positioned at the same side of the sagittal plane of the human body.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a first nail hole 111 is provided at one end of the main body 11 away from the extension portion 12, the first fixing nail is inserted through the first nail hole 111, and the tail of the first fixing nail is locked at a position with thicker occipital bone.
Other structures of the occipital bone plate in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
According to the position of the occipital cervical joint defect, the unilateral occipital cervical plate in the second embodiment may be configured as a left occipital cervical plate, or a right occipital cervical plate, and the structure of the right occipital cervical plate corresponds to that of the left occipital cervical plate, which will not be described herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be modified or equivalents can be substituted for some of the features thereof, and any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement or the like that is within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.