Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that the continuous positive pressure air supports an airway in the prior art, so that the positive pressure air in the airway needs to be overcome when a patient exhales, the resistance applied to the patient exhales is high, the patient breathes difficultly possibly, and the sleeping quality of the patient is inconvenient to improve.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a home sleep ventilator for sleep quality monitoring, comprising:
The nose cover is connected with the external respirator main body through an air inlet pipeline;
The fixing belt is fixed on the side wall of the nose mask and is used for fixing the nose mask on the face of a patient;
The gas flow sensor is used for judging whether the patient is in an expiration state or an inspiration state according to the air flow generated by the respiration of the patient;
A detection unit for detecting the gas pressure inside the nose mask;
The exhaust unit is used for decompressing the inside of the nose cover when the gas flow sensor detects an expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the air pressure in the nose cover to the patient and enable the patient to expiration smoothly;
And the control unit is used for controlling the air exhausting unit to reduce the internal air pressure of the nose cover in the expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the air pressure in the nose cover to a patient, and controlling the air exhausting unit to be closed in the inspiration state so as to recover the air pressure in the nose cover, so that the nose cover is recovered to a supercharging state so as to assist the patient in inspiration.
In a further implementation, the exhaust unit includes:
the exhaust pipe is fixed at the bottom of the nose cover and is communicated with the nose cover;
the exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the exhaust pipe and is used for exhausting the gas in the nose cover when a patient begins to exhale, so that the gas pressure in the nose cover is reduced;
The adjusting component is arranged in the exhaust pipe and used for adjusting the opening degree of the exhaust port;
The control unit is also used for controlling the adjusting state of the adjusting component according to the breathing state of the patient so as to control the opening degree of the exhaust port.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
And the negative pressure component is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe and is communicated with the exhaust port, and is used for reducing the internal gas pressure when a patient just enters an expiration state so as to increase the gas pressure difference with the inside of the exhaust pipe, thereby increasing the pressure reduction speed of the inside of the nose mask.
In a further implementation, the negative pressure assembly includes:
a cylinder fixed on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe and communicated with the exhaust port;
The unidirectional limiting component is arranged in the cylinder and used for limiting airflow to flow unidirectionally by the cylinder and the exhaust pipe;
the vacuum pump is used for pumping air and reducing pressure in the cylinder;
the control unit is used for controlling the vacuum pump to start when the patient just enters an expiration state.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
and a silencing component for absorbing noise generated when the exhaust gas is exhausted to the outside.
In a further implementation, the detection unit includes:
the detection head is used for detecting the air pressure in the nose mask;
the driving assembly is used for driving the detection head to rotate and increasing the detection range of the detection head.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
and the blood oxygen sensor is arranged on the side wall of the fixing belt.
In a second aspect, a method for controlling a home sleep ventilator for sleep quality monitoring is provided, including:
The nose cover is connected with the external respirator main body through an air inlet pipeline;
The fixing belt is fixed on the side wall of the nose mask and is used for fixing the nose mask on the face of a patient;
The gas flow sensor is used for judging whether the patient is in an expiration state or an inspiration state according to the air flow generated by the respiration of the patient;
A detection unit for detecting the gas pressure inside the nose mask;
The exhaust unit is used for reducing the gas pressure in the nose cover when the gas flow sensor detects an expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the gas pressure in the nose cover to a patient and enable the patient to expiration smoothly;
The control unit is used for controlling the air exhausting unit to reduce the internal air pressure of the nose cover in an expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the air pressure in the nose cover to a patient, and controlling the air exhausting unit to be closed in an inspiration state so as to restore the air pressure in the nose cover, so that the nose cover is restored to a supercharging state so as to assist the patient in inspiration;
The timer is used for starting timing after the gas flow sensor generates huge change, timing a designated time period, requesting the control unit to acquire the gas flow values of the expired or inhaled gas at a plurality of time points in the timing time period, and taking the average value of the gas flow values of the expired or inhaled gas at the plurality of time points to perform difference value operation with the corresponding expired or inhaled gas flow value under the preset pressure value to acquire a difference value M;
In the timing time period, if the difference value M is larger than a specified value, the exhaust capacity of the exhaust unit is improved, and if the difference value M is smaller than the specified value, the exhaust unit is normally exhausted;
The control method comprises the following steps:
Controlling the exhaust unit to start to reduce the gas pressure in the nose mask according to the expiration information;
controlling the exhaust unit to slow down the exhaust until the internal air pressure of the nose mask is stable according to the air pressure stability information;
and controlling the exhaust unit to be closed according to the inhalation information.
In a further implementation process, the specific detection method of the detection unit includes:
controlling the detection unit to start according to the starting information of the exhaust unit so as to detect the air pressure inside the nose mask;
The detection unit is controlled to be closed according to the closing information of the exhaust unit.
In a further implementation, the specific exhaust method of the exhaust unit includes:
Controlling the negative pressure assembly to start according to the starting information of the exhaust unit so as to increase the exhaust pressure difference inside the nose mask;
and controlling the negative pressure assembly to stop according to the air pressure stability information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. When the gas flow sensor detects that the patient is in the expiration state, start the exhaust unit and continuously discharge the gas in the nose cup to make the inside atmospheric pressure of nose cup reduce fast, thereby the air resistance that receives when making the patient exhale reduces, thereby be favorable to the patient to exhale, in the patient expiration in-process, after the detecting element detects that the inside pressure of nose cup is less than the setting value, the control unit control exhaust unit reduces the exhaust velocity, so that the inside atmospheric pressure of nose cup steadily maintains at a lower atmospheric pressure, can provide certain support to the patient's air flue when being convenient for the patient exhale, thereby be favorable to preventing because the condition that the atmospheric pressure is too low and lead to patient air flue to collapse takes place.
2. After detecting that the air pressure inside the nose mask is lower than the set value, the electric telescopic rod drives the piston to move upwards, and the piston drives the side plate to block part of the air outlet, so that the air outlet speed is reduced, the air pressure inside the nose mask is stably maintained at a lower air pressure value, and the support can be provided for the airway of a patient while the expiratory pressure is relieved, so that the airway collapse is prevented.
3. When the patient exhales, the negative pressure assembly starts to draw out the gas inside the exhaust pipe to make the gas pressure inside the exhaust pipe reduce, thereby increased the pressure difference between the inside atmospheric pressure of exhaust pipe and the inside atmospheric pressure of nose cup, the inside gaseous of nose cup can be discharged from the gas vent with faster speed, thereby make the inside atmospheric pressure of nose cup reduce speed to accelerate, so that the inside atmospheric pressure of nose cup can reduce to the atmospheric pressure that is fit for the patient and exhale in very short time, thereby be favorable to the patient to exhale smoothly.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
A home sleep ventilator for sleep quality monitoring as shown in fig. 2 to 7, comprising:
The nose cover 1 is connected with an external respirator main body 2 through an air inlet pipeline;
A fixing band 3 fixed to a side wall of the nose mask 1 for fixing the nose mask 1 to the face of a patient;
In a specific implementation process, a supporting rod 8 is fixed at the top of the nose mask 1, a forehead pad 9 is fixed at the top of the supporting rod 8, and a binding belt 10 is fixed on the side wall of the forehead pad 9;
a gas flow sensor 4 for determining whether the patient is in an exhalation state or an inhalation state based on the flow of gas generated by the patient's breath;
A detection unit for detecting the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1;
The exhaust unit is used for decompressing the inside of the nose mask 1 when the gas flow sensor 4 detects an exhalation state so as to reduce the exhalation resistance of the air pressure in the nose mask 1 to a patient and enable the patient to exhale smoothly;
A control unit for controlling the air discharge unit to reduce the internal air pressure of the nose mask 1 in the expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the air pressure in the nose mask 1 to the patient, and controlling the air discharge unit to be closed in the inspiration state so as to restore the air pressure in the nose mask 1, so that the nose mask 1 is restored to a supercharging state so as to assist the patient in inhaling;
In a specific implementation process, the control unit is specifically a controller 17, and the controller 17 is installed on the respirator main body 2;
The embodiment of the invention can solve the problems that the patient exhales difficultly and is inconvenient to improve the sleeping quality of the patient because the single-level breathing machine supports the airway by using continuous positive pressure air, so that the patient needs to overcome the positive pressure air existing in the airway when exhaling, the patient is always kept open by the positive pressure air, the gas flow sensor 4 arranged in the breathing process of the patient can judge that the patient is in an inspiration state or an expiration state according to the air flow generated by the patient, when the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in the expiration state, the air in the nasal mask 1 is continuously exhausted by starting the exhaust unit, so that the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is rapidly reduced, the patient is conveniently controlled to collapse when the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is detected, and the air pressure is controlled to be lower than the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 when the patient is detected, and the air pressure is controlled to be lower than the air pressure in the nasal mask 1.
In a further implementation, the exhaust unit includes:
an exhaust pipe 5 fixed to the bottom of the nose mask 1, the exhaust pipe 5 communicating with the nose mask 1;
An exhaust port 6, which is opened on the side wall of the exhaust pipe 5, and is used for exhausting the gas in the nose mask 1 when the patient begins to exhale, so that the internal gas pressure of the nose mask 1 is reduced;
The adjusting component is arranged in the exhaust pipe 5 and is used for adjusting the opening degree of the exhaust port 6;
the control unit is also used for controlling the adjusting state of the adjusting assembly according to the breathing state of the patient so as to control the opening degree of the exhaust port 6;
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the adjusting assembly includes:
the electric telescopic rod 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 5 through a support frame;
the piston 12 is fixed at the telescopic end part of the electric telescopic rod 11, the piston 12 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 5, and a side plate 13 is fixed at the bottom of the piston 12;
Specifically, when it is detected that the patient starts to exhale, the electric telescopic rod 11 starts to drive the piston 12 to move downwards so that the air outlet 6 is communicated with the nasal mask 1, and therefore air in the nasal mask 1 is discharged from the air outlet 6, so that air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is reduced, and air resistance of the patient exhaling is reduced, after it is detected that the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is lower than a set value, the electric telescopic rod 11 drives the piston 12 to move upwards, the piston 12 drives the side plate 13 to block part of the air outlet 6, so that the air outlet speed is reduced, the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is stably maintained at a lower air pressure value, and support can be provided for the airway of the patient while the exhalation pressure is reduced, so that the airway collapse is prevented.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
A negative pressure assembly mounted on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 5 and communicated with the exhaust port 6, for reducing the internal gas pressure when the patient just enters an exhalation state, so as to increase the gas pressure difference with the interior of the exhaust pipe 5, thereby increasing the pressure reduction speed of the interior of the nose mask 1;
specifically, when the patient exhales, the negative pressure assembly starts to pump out the gas inside the exhaust pipe 5, so that the pressure of the gas inside the exhaust pipe 5 is reduced, the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the exhaust pipe 5 and the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 is increased, the gas inside the nose mask 1 can be discharged from the exhaust port 6 at a faster speed, the speed of reducing the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 is increased, the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 can be reduced to the gas pressure suitable for the patient to exhale in a short time, and smooth exhalation of the patient is facilitated.
In a further implementation, the negative pressure assembly includes:
a cylinder 7 fixed to the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 5 and communicating with the exhaust port 6;
The unidirectional limiting component is arranged in the cylinder 7 and is used for limiting the unidirectional flow of air flow from the cylinder 7 to the exhaust pipe 5;
a vacuum pump 14 for evacuating and depressurizing the interior of the cylinder 7;
the control unit is used for controlling the vacuum pump 14 to be started when the patient just enters an expiration state;
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the unidirectional limiting assembly is embodied as a unidirectional valve 15;
Specifically, when the patient just begins to exhale, the air flow in the cylinder 7 is pumped away under the action of the vacuum pump 14, so that the air pressure in the cylinder 7 is reduced, the pressure difference between the cylinder 7 and the nasal mask 1 is increased, the speed of reducing the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is increased, the provided one-way valve 15 can prevent the external air flow from entering from the end part of the cylinder 7, when the air pressure in the nasal mask 1 is stable, the vacuum pump 14 is closed, and the air flow is discharged from the cylinder 7 through the one-way valve 15.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
A muffler assembly for absorbing noise generated when the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside;
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the muffler assembly includes:
a muffler pipe 16 fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder 7 away from the exhaust pipe 5, the muffler pipe 16 being communicated with the cylinder 7;
the sound-absorbing cotton is embedded in the silencing pipe 16;
specifically, because the air current produces the noise that bumps and can take place great with the external air when discharging, the noise of production can influence patient's sleep, through the cotton and the muffler pipe 16 of inhaling that are equipped with, can effectively reduce the noise that produces when gas discharge to be favorable to preventing that the noise from waking up the condition of patient and taking place, so that the patient can sleep steadily.
In a further implementation, the detection unit includes:
A detection head for detecting the air pressure inside the nose mask 1;
The driving component is used for driving the detection head to rotate and increasing the detection range of the detection head;
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the detection head includes:
a circular ring 18 mounted inside the nose mask 1;
A plurality of air pressure sensors 19, the circumferential array is embedded on the outer wall of the circular ring 18;
The drive assembly includes:
the driving motor 20 is fixed on the outer wall of the nose mask 1 through a connecting frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor 20 rotates to penetrate through the outer wall of the nose mask 1 and then extends into the nose mask 1;
The timer 22 is configured to start timing after the airflow obtained by the airflow sensor 4 changes greatly, time a specified period of time, request the driving motor 20 to drive the ring 18 to rotate for a specified angle multiple times during the time period of timing, request the air pressure sensors 19 to measure multiple air pressure values at a same time point, average the multiple air pressure values measured at a same time point, rotate the ring 18 for a specified angle multiple times during the time period of timing, measure and obtain multiple air pressure values N after each rotation for a specified angle, average the multiple air pressure values N obtained after each rotation for a specified angle multiple times, perform a difference operation on the average value L and an initial value to obtain a difference value K, if K is greater than the specified value, improve the air discharge capability of the air discharge unit, and if the difference value K is less than the specified value, the air discharge unit discharges air normally;
the inner side of the circular ring 18 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the driving motor 20 through a fixed rod;
specifically stated, during the exhaust, the gas inside the nose mask 1 flows, so that the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 is unstable, and thus, the gas pressure value detected by the gas pressure sensor 19 has larger error, the driving motor 20 drives the circular ring 18 to rotate, the circular ring 18 drives the plurality of gas pressure sensors 19 to detect the gas pressure in the space inside the nose mask 1, the average value N of the gas pressure detection is the actual gas pressure value inside the nose mask 1, the error is reduced, the expiratory gas pressure is more accurate, and the patient breathes smoothly, so that the sleep quality of the patient is improved.
In a further implementation, the method further includes:
An oxygen sensor 21 mounted on the side wall of the fixing band 3;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the gas flow sensor 4 can measure the times of apnea and hypopnea when detecting the breathing state, the provided blood oxygen sensor 21 can detect the blood oxygen saturation of the patient, and the combination of the two can judge the sleep quality of the patient, and then the data is transmitted to the controller 17, so that the user can check the use effect of the night device and the sleep quality of the user after waking up;
The sleep apnea hypopnea frequency is 5-15 times per hour, the minimum blood oxygen saturation at night is 85% -90%, the sleep apnea hypopnea frequency is 15-30 times per hour, the minimum blood oxygen saturation at night is 80% -85%, the sleep apnea hypopnea frequency is judged to be moderate, the sleep apnea hypopnea frequency is >30 times per hour, the minimum blood oxygen saturation at night is less than 80%, and the sleep apnea hypopnea frequency is judged to be severe.
A control method of a home sleep ventilator for sleep quality monitoring as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
The nose cover 1 is connected with an external respirator main body 2 through an air inlet pipeline;
A fixing band 3 fixed to a side wall of the nose mask 1 for fixing the nose mask 1 to the face of a patient;
a gas flow sensor 4 for determining whether the patient is in an exhalation state or an inhalation state based on the flow of gas generated by the patient's breath;
A detection unit for detecting the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1;
An exhaust unit for reducing the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 when the gas flow sensor 4 detects an exhalation state, so as to reduce the exhalation resistance of the gas pressure inside the nose mask 1 to the patient, and enable the patient to exhale smoothly;
A control unit for controlling the air discharge unit to reduce the internal air pressure of the nose mask 1 in the expiration state so as to reduce the expiration resistance of the air pressure in the nose mask 1 to the patient, and controlling the air discharge unit to be closed in the inspiration state so as to restore the air pressure in the nose mask 1, so that the nose mask 1 is restored to a supercharging state so as to assist the patient in inhaling;
the timer 22 is configured to start timing after the gas flow sensor 4 generates a large change, and time a specified period of time, so as to request the control unit to obtain the gas flow values of the exhalation or inhalation at a plurality of time points in the timed period of time, and perform a difference operation between an average value of the gas flow values of the exhalation or inhalation at the plurality of time points and a corresponding gas flow value of the exhalation or inhalation at a preset pressure value to obtain a difference value M;
In the timing time period, if the difference value M is larger than a specified value, the exhaust capacity of the exhaust unit is improved, and if the difference value M is smaller than the specified value, the exhaust unit is normally exhausted;
The control method comprises the following steps:
Controlling the exhaust unit to start to reduce the gas pressure in the nose mask 1 according to the expiration information;
controlling the exhaust unit to slow down the exhaust until the internal air pressure of the nose mask 1 is stable according to the air pressure stability information;
Controlling the exhaust unit to be closed according to the air suction information;
The pressure value set in advance is a gas pressure value in the nose mask after the breathing machine is started, when the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in an expiration state according to the air flow breathed by the patient, the control unit starts the exhaust unit to exhaust, after the detection unit detects that the air pressure in the nose mask 1 is lower than a set value, the control unit controls the exhaust unit to slow down the exhaust, and when the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in an inspiration state, the control unit controls the exhaust unit to close.
As shown in fig. 8, the specific detection method of the detection unit includes the following steps:
the detection unit is controlled to start according to the starting information of the exhaust unit so as to detect the air pressure in the nose mask 1;
Controlling the detection unit to be closed according to the closing information of the exhaust unit;
When the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in an expiration state and the exhaust unit is started, the control unit controls the detection unit to detect the internal gas pressure of the nasal mask 1, and after the exhaust unit is closed, the control unit controls the detection unit to be closed.
As shown in fig. 9, a specific exhaust method of the exhaust unit includes the steps of:
controlling the negative pressure assembly to start according to the starting information of the exhaust unit so as to increase the exhaust pressure difference inside the nose mask 1;
Controlling the negative pressure component to stop according to the air pressure stability information;
when the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in an expiration state and the exhaust unit is started, the control unit controls the negative pressure component to start so as to accelerate the exhaust speed, and after the internal gas pressure of the nose mask 1 is lower than a set value, the control unit controls the negative pressure component to stop.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
The embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems by using a single horizontal ventilator to support the airway with continuous positive pressure air, which results in the patient having to overcome the positive pressure air existing in the airway during exhalation, so that the patient has a large air resistance during exhalation, and the patient exhales difficult, and is inconvenient to improve the sleeping quality of the patient, and the present invention is specifically implemented by firstly, a medical staff winding the bandage 10 around the brain, then binding the fixing strap 3 around the neck of the patient, thereby fixing the nasal mask 1 on the face of the patient, then starting the external ventilator body to continuously charge positive pressure air into the interior of the nasal mask 1, providing support for the airway of the patient, so that the airway of the patient remains open all the time during the respiration of the patient, the provided gas flow sensor 4 can judge that the patient is in an inhalation state or an exhalation state according to the gas flow generated by the respiration of the patient, when the gas flow sensor 4 detects that the patient is in the exhalation state, the gas in the nasal mask 1 is continuously discharged by starting the gas discharge unit, so that the gas pressure in the nasal mask 1 is rapidly reduced, the air resistance born by the patient during exhalation is reduced, the patient is favored to exhale, in the process of the patient exhalation, when the detecting unit detects that the pressure in the nasal mask 1 is lower than a set value, the control unit controls the gas discharge unit to reduce the gas discharge speed, so that the gas pressure in the nasal mask 1 is stably maintained at a lower gas pressure, and certain support can be provided for the airway of the patient when the patient exhales conveniently, so that the occurrence of the condition that the airway of the patient collapses due to the excessively low gas pressure is favored to be prevented.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.