相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本申请要求2020年10月15日提交的系列号为63/092,052的美国临时专利申请和2021年1月26日提交的系列号为63/154,335的美国临时申请的权益，其各自公开内容通过引用其全文方式纳入本文。This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63/092,052, filed on October 15, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63/154,335, filed on January 26, 2021, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及吸引和诱捕昆虫的新组合物和方法，其使用包含多种组分的昆虫吸引系统，所述多种组分包含化学引诱物。The present invention relates to novel compositions and methods for attracting and trapping insects using an insect attraction system comprising multiple components including a chemical attractant.
背景技术Background Art
蚊子属于不利的和最有害的如吸食人类的血液的昆虫群体。为了消灭这些蚊子，人们使用了各种设备和装置，如蚊香、电子驱蚊器、电击灭蚊器等。Mosquitoes belong to the disadvantageous and most harmful insect group such as sucking human blood. In order to eliminate these mosquitoes, people use various equipment and devices, such as mosquito coils, electronic mosquito repellents, electric shock mosquito killers, etc.
蚊子会被人类和其他脊椎动物的体温以及呼吸放出的二氧化碳所吸引。人类或脊椎动物在呼吸过程中会释放CO2。蚊子可以从远处发现/嗅到CO2，并循着微量的CO2叮咬人类或脊椎动物。许多蚊子捕获装置被设计成放出CO2，以模仿人类和其他脊椎动物的类似排放。Mosquitoes are attracted to the body heat of humans and other vertebrates, as well as the carbon dioxide they emit from their breathing. Humans or vertebrates release CO2 during breathing. Mosquitoes can detect/smell CO2 from a distance and follow trace amounts of CO2 to bite humans or vertebrates. Many mosquito traps are designed to emit CO2 to mimic similar emissions from humans and other vertebrates.
丙烷一直是产生CO2的所选燃料。许多蚊子诱捕器被设计和用于产生热量、二氧化碳和水蒸气，以模仿人类的类似排放。蚊子也会被动物吸引，因为它们被动物(例如牛)产生的类似辛烯醇的气味所吸引。许多丙烷蚊子诱捕器产生并放出与人类和动物类似的气味。辛烯醇等引诱物被用来产生类似动物的气味。Propane has been the fuel of choice for producingCO2 . Many mosquito traps are designed and used to produce heat, carbon dioxide, and water vapor to mimic similar emissions from humans. Mosquitoes are also attracted to animals because they are attracted to the octenol-like odors produced by animals (such as cattle). Many propane mosquito traps produce and emit odors similar to those of humans and animals. Attractants such as octenol are used to produce animal-like odors.
鉴于人类或动物放出的气味在吸引蚊子方面的重要性，人们已经尝试使用感官引诱物来诱捕蚊子。蚊子被它们赖以生存的宿主(人类或动物)放出的化学信号所吸引。这种化学信号采取气味分子的形式，通过扩散和被携带在气流中从源头飘散出去。Given the importance of human or animal odors in attracting mosquitoes, attempts have been made to use sensory attractants to trap mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are attracted to chemical cues given off by the host (human or animal) on which they feed. This chemical cue takes the form of odor molecules that drift away from the source by diffusion and are carried in air currents.
一种化学引诱剂是二氧化碳，它是由呼吸的动物释放出来的。二氧化碳是大气中无处不在的气体，其正常的环境背景室外水平为300至400p.p.m。以宿主生物为食的昆虫有时会被宿主产生的提高的二氧化碳水平所吸引并因此围绕着宿主。One chemical attractant is carbon dioxide, which is released by respiring animals. Carbon dioxide is a ubiquitous gas in the atmosphere, with normal ambient background outdoor levels of 300 to 400 p.p.m. Insects that feed on a host organism are sometimes attracted to the elevated carbon dioxide levels produced by the host and thus surround the host.
蚊子嗅觉检测到的另一种化学引诱剂是气味分子，如L-乳酸。L-乳酸是人体汗液的挥发性组分，其浓度范围为0.5至5.0毫克/升。然而，L-乳酸作为单一刺激物存在时，只有轻微吸引力或无吸引力的效果。但当与二氧化碳一起存在时，L-乳酸作为增效剂，增加了气体的吸引力。乳酸作为引诱剂的用途在本领域是已知的，例如，Balfour的美国专利号4,907,366公开了一种使用由乳酸、二氧化碳、水和热量组成的组合物吸引蚊子的诱捕器。Another chemical attractant detected by the mosquito's sense of smell is an odor molecule such as L-lactic acid. L-lactic acid is a volatile component of human sweat, and its concentration ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 mg/L. However, when L-lactic acid is present as a single irritant, it has only a slight or no attractive effect. But when present with carbon dioxide, L-lactic acid acts as a synergist, increasing the attractiveness of the gas. The use of lactic acid as an attractant is known in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,907,366 to Balfour discloses a trap that attracts mosquitoes using a composition consisting of lactic acid, carbon dioxide, water and heat.
其他的化学引诱剂气味分子是被称为脂肪酸(特别是短链脂肪酸)的一组化学物质。脂肪酸是挥发性化合物，包括但不限于乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸等化合物，所有这些都存在于人类排泄物中。使用脂肪酸作为引诱剂在本领域是已知的，例如，Wilson的美国专利号4,818,526和Keenan的美国专利号5,258,176涉及由丙酸、正丁酸、异丁酸、正戊酸、异戊酸、异癸酸和2-苯乙醇组成的一种或多种引诱剂组合物。Other chemical attractant odor molecules are a group of chemicals known as fatty acids (particularly short-chain fatty acids). Fatty acids are volatile compounds, including but not limited to compounds such as acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid, all of which are present in human excrement. The use of fatty acids as attractants is known in the art, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,818,526 to Wilson and U.S. Pat. No. 5,258,176 to Keenan relate to one or more attractant compositions consisting of propionic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, n-valeric acid, isovaleric acid, isodecanic acid, and 2-phenylethanol.
另一种这样的引诱剂气味分子是1-辛烯-3-醇(辛烯醇)。辛烯醇是牛和人类呼吸和汗液中的挥发性组分。当与增加的二氧化碳水平组合时，辛烯醇对一些蚊子物种来说是有效的嗅觉引诱剂。使用二氧化碳和/或辛烯醇作为蚊子、叮咬苍蝇和蜱虫的引诱剂的用途在本领域中是已知的，例如，Nolen的美国专利号5,205,064、Dieguez的美国专利号5,382,422、Nolen的美国专利号5,799,436、Nolen的美国专利号6,055,766、Wigton的美国专利号6,145,243和Coventry的美国专利号6,199,316。Another such attractant odor molecule is 1-octen-3-ol (octenol). Octenol is a volatile component in the breath and sweat of cattle and humans. When combined with increased carbon dioxide levels, octenol is an effective olfactory attractant for some mosquito species. The use of carbon dioxide and/or octenol as an attractant for mosquitoes, biting flies and ticks is known in the art, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,205,064 of Nolen, U.S. Patent No. 5,382,422 of Dieguez, U.S. Patent No. 5,799,436 of Nolen, U.S. Patent No. 6,055,766 of Nolen, U.S. Patent No. 6,145,243 of Wigton and U.S. Patent No. 6,199,316 of Coventry.
其他这样的引诱剂气味分子是二硫化碳和酮类。Wilson的美国专利号4,818,526公开了二甲基二硫醚和琥珀酸二丁酯及其组合作为蚊子引诱剂的使用。Bernier等人的美国专利号6,267,953公开了乳酸与二甲基二硫醚和丙酮的使用。Bernier等人的美国专利号6,800,279公开了乳酸与二硫化碳的使用，以及乳酸与丁酮、2-戊酮或丙酮的使用。Other such attractant odor molecules are carbon disulfide and ketones. U.S. Patent No. 4,818,526 to Wilson discloses the use of dimethyl disulfide and dibutyl succinate and combinations thereof as mosquito attractants. U.S. Patent No. 6,267,953 to Bernier et al. discloses the use of lactic acid with dimethyl disulfide and acetone. U.S. Patent No. 6,800,279 to Bernier et al. discloses the use of lactic acid with carbon disulfide, and the use of lactic acid with butanone, 2-pentanone or acetone.
高效的化学引诱剂与高效诱捕器的组合提供了一种有待开发的改进的控制方法。然而，从各种现有技术中可以看出，预测哪种剂量水平的哪种化合物会成为特定昆虫物种的有效引诱剂是不可能的。因此，需要一种有效的昆虫吸引系统，其包括用于吸引如蚊子等的昆虫的引诱组合物。The combination of an efficient chemical attractant with an efficient trap provides an improved control method that is yet to be developed. However, it can be seen from various prior art that it is impossible to predict which compound at which dosage level will be an effective attractant for a particular insect species. Therefore, there is a need for an effective insect attraction system, which includes an attractant composition for attracting insects such as mosquitoes.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的各个实施方式提供了吸引昆虫的方法。一个实施方式提供了一种吸引昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括提供吸引昆虫的昆虫诱饵，其中该昆虫诱饵包括碳酸氢铵和用于增强昆虫诱饵释放的诱饵释放装置，其中该诱饵释放装置将昆虫诱饵雾化以释放二氧化碳来吸引昆虫。Various embodiments of the present invention provide methods for attracting insects. One embodiment provides a method for attracting insects, wherein the method includes providing an insect bait that attracts insects, wherein the insect bait includes ammonium bicarbonate and a bait release device for enhancing the release of the insect bait, wherein the bait release device atomizes the insect bait to release carbon dioxide to attract insects.
本发明的一个方面提供了一种组合物，该组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂。本发明的另一个方面提供了一种组合物，该组合物包含乳酸和己酸的混合物，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂。又一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括具有至少三个隔室和透气盖的容器，其中第一隔室容纳羧酸，第二隔室容纳醇，第三隔室容纳金属碱和电解质的混合物。本发明的又一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括具有至少两个隔室和透气盖和透气壁的容器，其中第一隔室容纳羧酸，第二隔室容纳金属碱和电解质的混合物。One aspect of the present invention provides a composition comprising a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte, and an optional desiccant. Another aspect of the present invention provides a composition comprising a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid, a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte, and an optional desiccant. Yet another aspect provides an insect attraction system comprising a container having at least three compartments and a breathable lid, wherein the first compartment holds a carboxylic acid, the second compartment holds an alcohol, and the third compartment holds a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte. Yet another aspect of the present invention provides an insect attraction system comprising a container having at least two compartments and a breathable lid and a breathable wall, wherein the first compartment holds a carboxylic acid, and the second compartment holds a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括带有透气盖的透气容器，该透气容器包含金属碱和电解质的混合物。本发明的又一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括：(a)提供能够容纳容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供包含金属碱和任选的电解质的组合物；(c)将组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides an insect attraction system, which includes a breathable container with a breathable lid, the breathable container containing a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method includes: (a) providing an insect capture device capable of accommodating a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a metal base and an optional electrolyte; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capture device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and the optional electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capture device to capture insects attracted to the insect capture device.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括：(a)提供能够容纳或收纳(accommodate)容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供一种组合物，该组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂；(c)将组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method comprises: (a) providing an insect capturing device capable of accommodating or housing a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a mixture of a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a metal base and an electrolyte, and optionally a desiccant; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capturing device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and optional electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capturing device to capture insects attracted to the insect capturing device.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括：(a)提供能够支撑容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供一种组合物，该组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂；(c)将组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method comprises: (a) providing an insect capturing device capable of supporting a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a mixture of a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a metal base and an electrolyte and optionally a desiccant; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capturing device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and optional electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capturing device to capture insects attracted to the insect capturing device.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
一个实施方式提供了一种吸引昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括提供吸引昆虫的昆虫诱饵，其中该昆虫诱饵包括金属碱和用于增强昆虫诱饵释放的诱饵释放装置，其中该诱饵释放装置将昆虫诱饵雾化以释放二氧化碳来吸引昆虫。One embodiment provides a method of attracting insects, wherein the method includes providing an insect bait that attracts insects, wherein the insect bait includes a metal base and a bait release device for enhancing the release of the insect bait, wherein the bait release device atomizes the insect bait to release carbon dioxide to attract the insects.
该实施方式的一个优选方面提供了一种方法，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，昆虫是蚊子，并且其中该方法还包括使用诱饵分解装置促进蚊子诱饵的蒸发。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中蚊子诱饵还包括电解质。A preferred aspect of this embodiment provides a method, wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate, the insect is a mosquito, and wherein the method further comprises promoting evaporation of the mosquito bait using a bait decomposition device. A more preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the mosquito bait further comprises an electrolyte.
该实施方式的另一个方面提供了一种方法，其中诱饵包含至多10重量％的电解质。该方面的另一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中电解质选自氯化钠和碳酸氢钠。Another aspect of this embodiment provides a method wherein the bait comprises up to 10 wt% electrolyte.Another more preferred embodiment of this aspect provides a method wherein the electrolyte is selected from sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过提高蚊子诱饵的温度来促进蚊子诱饵的蒸发。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过振动板的振动雾化蚊子诱饵，以散播蚊子诱饵。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括将蚊子诱饵暴露在空气或微风中。Another preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the bait release device includes promoting evaporation of the mosquito bait by increasing the temperature of the mosquito bait. Another preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the bait release device includes atomizing the mosquito bait by vibration of a vibrating plate to spread the mosquito bait. Another preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the bait release device includes exposing the mosquito bait to air or breeze.
在又一个实施方式中提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括向蚊子诱饵中添加挥发性溶剂，以帮助散播蚊子诱饵。另一个实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过提高蚊子诱饵的温度来促进蚊子诱饵的蒸发。In yet another embodiment, a method is provided wherein the bait release device includes adding a volatile solvent to the mosquito bait to aid in spreading the mosquito bait. Another embodiment provides a method wherein the bait release device includes promoting evaporation of the mosquito bait by increasing the temperature of the mosquito bait.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过振动板的振动雾化蚊子诱饵，以帮助散播蚊子诱饵。该方法的又一个方面提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括将蚊子诱饵暴露在空气或微风中。还提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括向蚊子诱饵中添加挥发性溶剂，以帮助散播蚊子诱饵。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method wherein the bait release device includes atomizing the mosquito bait through vibration of a vibrating plate to help spread the mosquito bait. Still another aspect of the method provides a method wherein the bait release device includes exposing the mosquito bait to air or breeze. A method is also provided wherein the bait release device includes adding a volatile solvent to the mosquito bait to help spread the mosquito bait.
根据本发明的实施方式的组合物通常以包括含有引诱剂化合物的载体的制剂形式提供。例如，合适的组合物可以悬浮在水性溶液或凝胶基质中，或者可以以固体、液体或压缩气体的形式提供。Compositions according to embodiments of the present invention are generally provided in the form of a formulation comprising a carrier containing an attractant compound. For example, suitable compositions may be suspended in an aqueous solution or a gel matrix, or may be provided in the form of a solid, liquid or compressed gas.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种吸引蚊子的方法，其中该方法包括提供用于吸引蚊子的蚊子诱饵，其中蚊子诱饵包含碳酸氢铵和电解质的混合物，以及用于增强蚊子诱饵的释放的诱饵释放装置，其中所述诱饵释放装置雾化蚊子诱饵以释放二氧化碳来吸引蚊子。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting mosquitoes, wherein the method includes providing a mosquito bait for attracting mosquitoes, wherein the mosquito bait comprises a mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and an electrolyte, and a bait release device for enhancing the release of the mosquito bait, wherein the bait release device atomizes the mosquito bait to release carbon dioxide to attract mosquitoes.
一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中该方法还包括使用诱饵分解装置促进蚊子诱饵的蒸发。又一种优选的方法提供了一种方法，其中诱饵包含至多10％重量的电解质。一种更优选的方法包括含至多5重量％的电解质的诱饵。又一种优选的方法提供了一种方法，其中电解质选自氯化钠和碳酸氢钠。A preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the method further comprises using a bait decomposition device to promote evaporation of the mosquito bait. Another preferred method provides a method wherein the bait comprises up to 10% electrolyte by weight. A more preferred method comprises a bait comprising up to 5% electrolyte by weight. Another preferred method provides a method wherein the electrolyte is selected from sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate.
又一个实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过提高蚊子诱饵的温度来促进蚊子诱饵的蒸发。又一个实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括通过振动板的振动雾化蚊子诱饵，以帮助散播蚊子诱饵。另一个实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括将蚊子诱饵暴露在空气或微风中。另一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中诱饵释放装置包括向蚊子诱饵中添加挥发性溶剂，以帮助散播蚊子诱饵。Yet another embodiment provides a method wherein the bait release device includes promoting evaporation of the mosquito bait by increasing the temperature of the mosquito bait. Yet another embodiment provides a method wherein the bait release device includes atomizing the mosquito bait by vibration of a vibrating plate to help spread the mosquito bait. Yet another embodiment provides a method wherein the bait release device includes exposing the mosquito bait to air or breeze. Yet another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the bait release device includes adding a volatile solvent to the mosquito bait to help spread the mosquito bait.
本发明的一个方面提供了一种组合物，该组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂。一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中：(i)羧酸选自乳酸、己酸及其混合物；和(ii)醇选自1-辛烯-3-醇、乙醇及其混合物。另一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中羧酸是乳酸或己酸，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中羧酸是乳酸和己酸的混合物，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。One aspect of the present invention provides a composition comprising a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte and an optional desiccant. A preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein: (i) the carboxylic acid is selected from lactic acid, caproic acid and mixtures thereof; and (ii) the alcohol is selected from 1-octen-3-ol, ethanol and mixtures thereof. Another preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the carboxylic acid is lactic acid or caproic acid, and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol. Yet another preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the carboxylic acid is a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid, and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol.
另一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠，一种更优选的组合物包含混合物其中金属碱和电解质的混合物还包含干燥剂。优选的干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙(drierite)。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中组合物还包含浸泡在1-辛烯-3-醇中的吸收材料，并且其中吸收材料是一块布或海绵。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate, the electrolyte is sodium chloride, and a more preferred composition comprises a mixture wherein the mixture of the metal base and the electrolyte further comprises a desiccant. Preferred desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium sulfate (drierite). A more preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the composition further comprises an absorbent material soaked in 1-octen-3-ol, and wherein the absorbent material is a piece of cloth or sponge.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约8重量％至约40重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约20重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约35重量％至约85重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约5重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约12重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 8 wt % to about 40 wt % lactic acid; about 7 wt % to about 20 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 35 wt % to about 85 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % electrolyte; and about 0 wt % to about 12 wt % desiccant.
又一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约8重量％至约30重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约45重量％至约75重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约4重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约10重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 8 wt % to about 30 wt % lactic acid; about 7 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 45 wt % to about 75 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte; and about 0 wt % to about 10 wt % desiccant.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约12重量％至约15重量％的乳酸；约12重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约60重量％至约65重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约2重量％的电解质；以及约0.8重量％至约1.5重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % lactic acid; about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 60 wt % to about 65 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 2 wt % electrolyte; and about 0.8 wt % to about 1.5 wt % desiccant.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种组合物，其包含乳酸和己酸的混合物，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂。该方面的一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中金属碱和电解质的混合物还包含干燥剂，其中干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙。优选的干燥剂选自硫酸镁和二氧化硅。Another aspect of the present invention provides a composition comprising a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid, a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte, and an optional desiccant. A preferred embodiment of this aspect provides a composition wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride. Another preferred embodiment provides a composition wherein the mixture of the metal base and the electrolyte further comprises a desiccant, wherein the desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide, and anhydrous calcium sulfate. Preferred desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate and silicon dioxide.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约33重量％至约35重量％的乳酸；约13重量％至约15重量％的己酸；约37重量％至约39重量％的金属碱；和约3重量％至约4重量％的电解质。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约20重量％至约30重量％的乳酸；约14重量％至约15重量％的己酸；约38重量％至约39重量％的金属碱；和约3重量％至约4重量％的电解质。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 33 wt % to about 35 wt % lactic acid; about 13 wt % to about 15 wt % caproic acid; about 37 wt % to about 39 wt % metal base; and about 3 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte. Yet another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 20 wt % to about 30 wt % lactic acid; about 14 wt % to about 15 wt % caproic acid; about 38 wt % to about 39 wt % metal base; and about 3 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte.
在又一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括具有至少三个隔室和透气盖的容器，其中第一隔室容纳羧酸，第二隔室容纳醇，第三隔室容纳金属碱和电解质的混合物。该方面的一个优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其中：(i)羧酸选自乳酸、己酸及其混合物；和(ii)醇选自1-辛烯-3-醇、乙醇及其混合物。In yet another aspect, an insect attraction system is provided, comprising a container having at least three compartments and a breathable cover, wherein the first compartment contains a carboxylic acid, the second compartment contains an alcohol, and the third compartment contains a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte. A preferred embodiment of this aspect provides an insect attraction system, wherein: (i) the carboxylic acid is selected from lactic acid, hexanoic acid, and a mixture thereof; and (ii) the alcohol is selected from 1-octen-3-ol, ethanol, and a mixture thereof.
一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中羧酸是乳酸，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中羧酸是己酸，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中羧酸是乳酸和己酸的混合物，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。A preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the carboxylic acid is lactic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol. Another preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the carboxylic acid is caproic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol. Another preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the carboxylic acid is a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol.
一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠。另一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中金属碱和电解质的混合物还包含干燥剂，并且其中干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种组合物，其中组合物还包含浸泡在1-辛烯-3-醇中的吸收材料，优选的吸收材料是一块布或海绵。A more preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride. Another more preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the mixture of the metal base and the electrolyte further comprises a desiccant, and wherein the desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium sulfate. A more preferred embodiment provides a composition, wherein the composition further comprises an absorbent material soaked in 1-octen-3-ol, preferably the absorbent material is a piece of cloth or a sponge.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约8重量％至约40重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约20重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约35重量％至约85重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约5重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约12重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 8 wt % to about 40 wt % lactic acid; about 7 wt % to about 20 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 35 wt % to about 85 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % electrolyte; and about 0 wt % to about 12 wt % desiccant.
又一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约8重量％至约30重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约45重量％至约75重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约4重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约10重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 8 wt % to about 30 wt % lactic acid; about 7 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 45 wt % to about 75 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte; and about 0 wt % to about 10 wt % desiccant.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种组合物，其包含约12重量％至约15重量％的乳酸；约12重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约60重量％至约65重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约2重量％的电解质；以及约0.8重量％至约1.5重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a composition comprising about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % lactic acid; about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 60 wt % to about 65 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 2 wt % electrolyte; and about 0.8 wt % to about 1.5 wt % desiccant.
本发明的又一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括具有至少两个隔室和透气盖和透气壁的容器，其中第一隔室容纳羧酸，第二隔室容纳金属碱和电解质的混合物。Yet another aspect of the present invention provides an insect attraction system comprising a container having at least two compartments and a gas permeable cover and a gas permeable wall, wherein a first compartment contains a carboxylic acid and a second compartment contains a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte.
一个优选实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠，一个更优选的实施方式包括金属碱和电解质以及干燥剂的混合物。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种系统，其中干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙，甚至更优选的是干燥剂选自硫酸镁和二氧化硅。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包含约33重量％至约35重量％的乳酸；约13重量％至约15重量％的己酸；约37重量％至约39重量％的金属碱；和约3重量％至约4重量％的电解质。A preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride, and a more preferred embodiment includes a mixture of the metal base and the electrolyte and a desiccant. A more preferred embodiment provides a system wherein the desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide, and anhydrous calcium sulfate, and even more preferred is that the desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate and silicon dioxide. Yet another preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system comprising from about 33 wt % to about 35 wt % lactic acid; from about 13 wt % to about 15 wt % caproic acid; from about 37 wt % to about 39 wt % metal base; and from about 3 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte.
在本发明的另一个方面提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包括带有透气盖的透气容器，该透气容器包含金属碱和电解质的混合物。该方面的一个优选实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包含约2重量％至约20重量％的电解质和约98重量％至约80重量％的金属碱。另一个优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其中电解质选自氯化钠、氯化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠和氯化钙。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包含约5重量％至约10重量％的电解质和约95重量％至约90重量％的金属碱，所述昆虫吸引系统还包含干燥剂。In another aspect of the present invention, an insect attraction system is provided, which includes a breathable container with a breathable cover, the breathable container containing a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte. A preferred embodiment of this aspect provides an insect attraction system, which includes about 2 weight % to about 20 weight % electrolyte and about 98 weight % to about 80 weight % of the metal base. Another preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system, wherein the electrolyte is selected from sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride. A more preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system, which includes about 5 weight % to about 10 weight % electrolyte and about 95 weight % to about 90 weight % of the metal base, and the insect attraction system also includes a desiccant.
又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其包含约0.5重量％至约2重量％的干燥剂、约5重量％至约10重量％的电解质和约94.5重量％至约88重量％的金属碱，其中金属碱选自碳酸氢铵、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵。又一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种昆虫吸引系统，其中干燥剂选自硅胶、硫酸镁和无水硫酸钙。一种更优选昆虫吸引系统是其中昆虫是蚊子的昆虫吸引系统。又一种更优选昆虫吸引系统是其中电解质是氯化钠的昆虫吸引系统。Yet another preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system comprising about 0.5 wt % to about 2 wt % of a desiccant, about 5 wt % to about 10 wt % of an electrolyte, and about 94.5 wt % to about 88 wt % of a metal base, wherein the metal base is selected from ammonium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. A more preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate. Yet another more preferred embodiment provides an insect attraction system wherein the desiccant is selected from silica gel, magnesium sulfate, and anhydrous calcium sulfate. A more preferred insect attraction system is an insect attraction system wherein the insect is a mosquito. Yet another more preferred insect attraction system is an insect attraction system wherein the electrolyte is sodium chloride.
本发明的又一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中所述方法包括：(a)提供能够容纳容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供包含金属碱和任选的电解质的组合物；(c)将所述组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将所述容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method comprises: (a) providing an insect capturing device capable of accommodating a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a metal base and optionally an electrolyte; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capturing device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and optionally the electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capturing device to capture insects attracted to the insect capturing device.
本发明的该方面的一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约0重量％至约20重量％的电解质和约100重量％至约80重量％的金属碱。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约2重量％至约20重量％的电解质和约98重量％至约80重量％的金属碱。A preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 0 wt % to about 20 wt % electrolyte and from about 100 wt % to about 80 wt % metal base. A more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 2 wt % to about 20 wt % electrolyte and from about 98 wt % to about 80 wt % metal base.
另一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中电解质选自氯化钠和碳酸氢钠，金属碱选自碳酸氢铵、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中通过升高组合物的温度或通过振动容纳组合物的容器使气体从组合物释放。另一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含挥发性溶剂以帮助散播从金属碱和电解质释放的气体。另一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠。Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the electrolyte is selected from sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate and the metal base is selected from ammonium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. A more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas is released from the composition by increasing the temperature of the composition or by vibrating the container containing the composition. Another more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition contains a volatile solvent to help spread the gas released from the metal base and the electrolyte. Another more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride.
另一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约5重量％至约10重量％的电解质和约95重量％至约90重量％的碳酸铵。一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中昆虫是蚊子。又一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中从组合物释放的气体是氨或二氧化碳。Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 5 wt % to about 10 wt % electrolyte and from about 95 wt % to about 90 wt % ammonium carbonate. A more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the insect is a mosquito. Yet another more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas released from the composition is ammonia or carbon dioxide.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中所述方法包括：(a)提供能够容纳或收纳容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供一种组合物，所述组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂；(c)将所述组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将所述容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method comprises: (a) providing an insect capturing device capable of accommodating or housing a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a mixture of a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a metal base and an electrolyte, and optionally a desiccant; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capturing device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and optional electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capturing device to capture insects attracted to the insect capturing device.
本发明的该方面的一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中：(i)羧酸选自乳酸、己酸及其混合物；和(ii)醇选自1-辛烯-3-醇、乙醇及其混合物。该实施方式的一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中羧酸是乳酸，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。另一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中羧酸是己酸，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。又一个方面提供了一种方法，其中羧酸是乳酸和己酸的混合物，醇是1-辛烯-3-醇。A preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention provides a method wherein: (i) the carboxylic acid is selected from lactic acid, caproic acid and mixtures thereof; and (ii) the alcohol is selected from 1-octen-3-ol, ethanol and mixtures thereof. A preferred aspect of this embodiment provides a method wherein the carboxylic acid is lactic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol. Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the carboxylic acid is caproic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol. Yet another aspect provides a method wherein the carboxylic acid is a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid and the alcohol is 1-octen-3-ol.
又一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中在组合物中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠。一个更优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含还包括干燥剂的金属碱和电解质的混合物。一个更优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙。又一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物还包含浸泡在1-辛烯-3-醇中的吸收材料，其中吸收材料是一块布或海绵。Another preferred aspect provides a method, wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride in the composition. A more preferred aspect provides a method, wherein the composition comprises a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte further comprising a desiccant. A more preferred aspect provides a method, wherein the desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium sulfate. Another preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the composition further comprises an absorbent material soaked in 1-octen-3-ol, wherein the absorbent material is a piece of cloth or sponge.
又一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约8重量％至约40重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约20重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约35重量％至约85重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约5重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约12重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises about 8 wt % to about 40 wt % lactic acid; about 7 wt % to about 20 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 35 wt % to about 85 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % electrolyte; and about 0 wt % to about 12 wt % desiccant.
另一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约8重量％至约30重量％的乳酸；约7重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约45重量％至约75重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约4重量％的电解质；以及约0重量％至约10重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred aspect provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 8 wt % to about 30 wt % lactic acid; from about 7 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; from about 45 wt % to about 75 wt % metal base; from about 1 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte; and from about 0 wt % to about 10 wt % desiccant.
另一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约12重量％至约15重量％的乳酸；约12重量％至约15重量％的1-辛烯-3-醇；约60重量％至约65重量％的金属碱；约1重量％至约2重量％的电解质；以及约0.8重量％至约1.5重量％的干燥剂。Another preferred aspect provides a method wherein the composition comprises about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % lactic acid; about 12 wt % to about 15 wt % 1-octen-3-ol; about 60 wt % to about 65 wt % metal base; about 1 wt % to about 2 wt % electrolyte; and about 0.8 wt % to about 1.5 wt % desiccant.
本发明的另一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中通过升高组合物的温度或通过振动容纳组合物的容器使气体从组合物释放。又一个优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中通过升高组合物的温度或通过振动容纳组合物的容器使气体从组合物释放。Another preferred aspect of the present invention provides a method, wherein the gas is released from the composition by increasing the temperature of the composition or by vibrating the container containing the composition.Another preferred aspect provides a method, wherein the gas is released from the composition by increasing the temperature of the composition or by vibrating the container containing the composition.
一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含挥发性溶剂以帮助散播从金属碱和电解质释放的气体。一个特别优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中昆虫是蚊子。又一个特别优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中从组合物释放的气体是氨或二氧化碳。A more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises a volatile solvent to help disperse the gases released from the metal base and the electrolyte. A particularly preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the insect is a mosquito. Yet another particularly preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas released from the composition is ammonia or carbon dioxide.
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种吸引和诱捕昆虫的方法，其中所述方法包括：(a)提供能够容纳容器的昆虫捕获装置；(b)提供一种组合物，所述组合物包含羧酸、醇，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂；(c)将所述组合物放置在容器壁和/或容器盖内具有开口的容器中，并将所述容器放置在昆虫捕获装置上或昆虫捕获装置内；(d)促进一种或多种气体从容器内包含的金属碱和任选的电解质释放；(e)将昆虫吸引到从金属碱释放的气体；和(f)利用昆虫捕获装置来捕获被吸引向昆虫捕获装置的昆虫。Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for attracting and trapping insects, wherein the method comprises: (a) providing an insect capturing device capable of accommodating a container; (b) providing a composition comprising a mixture of a carboxylic acid, an alcohol, a metal base and an electrolyte and optionally a desiccant; (c) placing the composition in a container having an opening in the container wall and/or the container lid, and placing the container on or in the insect capturing device; (d) promoting the release of one or more gases from the metal base and optional electrolyte contained in the container; (e) attracting insects to the gas released from the metal base; and (f) using the insect capturing device to capture insects attracted to the insect capturing device.
该方面的一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含乳酸和己酸的混合物，金属碱和电解质的混合物以及任选的干燥剂。另一个优选实施方式提供了一种方法，其中金属碱是碳酸氢铵，电解质是氯化钠。一个更优选的方面提供了一种方法，其中金属碱和电解质的混合物还包含干燥剂。在该实施方式中的优选的干燥剂选自硫酸镁、二氧化硅和无水硫酸钙。特别优选的干燥剂选自硫酸镁和二氧化硅。A preferred embodiment of this aspect provides a method, wherein the composition comprises a mixture of lactic acid and caproic acid, a mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte, and an optional desiccant. Another preferred embodiment provides a method, wherein the metal base is ammonium bicarbonate and the electrolyte is sodium chloride. A more preferred aspect provides a method, wherein the mixture of a metal base and an electrolyte also comprises a desiccant. The preferred desiccant in this embodiment is selected from magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium sulfate. Particularly preferred desiccant is selected from magnesium sulfate and silicon dioxide.
一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约33重量％至约35重量％的乳酸；约13重量％至约15重量％的己酸；约37重量％至约39重量％的金属碱；和约3重量％至约4重量％的电解质。A more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 33 wt % to about 35 wt % lactic acid; from about 13 wt % to about 15 wt % caproic acid; from about 37 wt % to about 39 wt % metal base; and from about 3 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte.
又一个更优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含约20重量％至约30重量％的乳酸；约14重量％至约15重量％的己酸；约38重量％至约39重量％的金属碱；和约3重量％至约4重量％的电解质。Yet another more preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises from about 20 wt % to about 30 wt % lactic acid; from about 14 wt % to about 15 wt % caproic acid; from about 38 wt % to about 39 wt % metal base; and from about 3 wt % to about 4 wt % electrolyte.
又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中通过升高组合物的温度或通过振动容纳组合物的容器使气体从组合物释放。又一个优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中通过升高组合物的温度或通过振动容纳组合物的容器使气体从组合物释放。一个特别优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中组合物包含挥发性溶剂以帮助散播从金属碱和电解质释放的气体。一个特别优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中昆虫是蚊子。另一个特别优选的实施方式提供了一种方法，其中从组合物释放的气体是氨或二氧化碳。Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas is released from the composition by increasing the temperature of the composition or by vibrating the container containing the composition. Another preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas is released from the composition by increasing the temperature of the composition or by vibrating the container containing the composition. A particularly preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the composition comprises a volatile solvent to help disperse the gas released from the metal base and the electrolyte. A particularly preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the insect is a mosquito. Another particularly preferred embodiment provides a method wherein the gas released from the composition is ammonia or carbon dioxide.
本文所用的昆虫和蚊子诱饵可以被配制有合适的载体，凝胶基质载体可以是水解蛋白质凝胶材料，如明胶或多糖凝胶，如2004年Williams在美国专利号6,790,436中所公开的。另一种示例性载体是与L-乳酸、丙酸、丁酸和戊酸的盐混合的辛烯醇溶液和冷却石蜡。引诱剂化合物也可以从液态直接从吸水材料中挥发出来，其释放速度由容器的顶部空间和孔口尺寸控制。The insect and mosquito baits used herein can be formulated with a suitable carrier, and the gel matrix carrier can be a hydrolyzed protein gel material, such as gelatin or a polysaccharide gel, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,790,436 to Williams in 2004. Another exemplary carrier is an octenol solution mixed with salts of L-lactic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid and cooled paraffin. The attractant compound can also be volatilized directly from the water-absorbing material from the liquid state, and its release rate is controlled by the head space and orifice size of the container.
昆虫和蚊子的诱饵制剂可以被放置在任何合适的容器或装置中以分配诱导剂化合物和诱捕昆虫。例如，制剂可以被放置在装置中，该装置促进了组合物的一种或多种化学组分从含有该化学组分的多孔介质或蜡状介质蒸发。The insect and mosquito bait formulation can be placed in any suitable container or device to distribute the attractant compound and trap the insects. For example, the formulation can be placed in a device that promotes the evaporation of one or more chemical components of the composition from a porous medium or waxy medium containing the chemical components.
本发明的以上描述的呈现是为了说明和描述的目的。本文无意于穷举以将本发明限制在所公开的形式中。鉴于上述公开，明显的修改或变化是可能的。所描述的实施方式的选择是为了最好地说明本发明的原理及其实际应用，以使本领域的普通技术人员能够以各种实施方式利用本发明，并根据所考虑的特定用途进行各种修改。本发明的范围是由所附的权利要求来限定的。The above description of the present invention is presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive to limit the present invention to the disclosed form. In view of the above disclosure, obvious modifications or variations are possible. The selection of the described embodiments is to best illustrate the principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that a person of ordinary skill in the art can utilize the present invention in various embodiments and make various modifications according to the specific use under consideration. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
为控制蚊子数量而作出的大多数努力都集中在雌性蚊子上。数种成年雌蚊是人类疾病的重要媒介。由于主要以吸血为食的取食策略和产生后代的能力，大多数对蚊子的研究自然都集中在成年雌性身上。尤其是埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)，由于其易于饲养、卵抗干燥、世界性分布和病媒重要性而受到了大多数的关注。这些因素汇聚在一起，使埃及伊蚊成为一种典型生物体。营养对蚊子的生理和行为有着强烈影响。糖餐可以维持雌性埃及伊蚊的能量需求，而血液餐是产卵的必要条件。然而，人们对幼虫阶段所需的特定营养物质或者糖或血液餐的特定组分对完成卵子发生过程的重要性了解甚少。Most efforts to control mosquito populations have focused on female mosquitoes. Adult female mosquitoes of several species are important vectors of human diseases. Due to their feeding strategy of feeding primarily on blood and their ability to produce offspring, most studies of mosquitoes have naturally focused on adult females. In particular, Aedes aegypti has received most of the attention due to its ease of rearing, resistance of its eggs to desiccation, cosmopolitan distribution, and importance as a disease vector. These factors have converged to make A. aegypti a model organism. Nutrition has a strong influence on mosquito physiology and behavior. A sugar meal can sustain the energy requirements of female A. aegypti, while a blood meal is necessary for egg production. However, little is known about the importance of specific nutrients required by the larval stage or specific components of the sugar or blood meal for the completion of the oogenesis process.
附图简要说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1：图1描绘了用于诱捕/捕获蚊子的UNO Plus不锈钢诱捕器。Figure 1: Figure 1 depicts the UNO Plus stainless steel trap used to entrap/capture mosquitoes.
图2：图2描绘了用于诱捕/捕获蚊子的Dyantrap蚊子诱捕器。Figure 2: Figure 2 depicts the Dyantrap mosquito trap used to entrap/capture mosquitoes.
图3：该图为柱形图，其显示了分别使用9.07克压力成型的碳酸氢铵(AB)和9.41克压力成型的碳酸氢铵和5％电解质(AB+)的混合物捕获的雌性和雄性库蚊(Culexmosquitos)的对比。Figure 3: This figure is a bar graph showing a comparison of female and male Culex mosquitoes captured using 9.07 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and 9.41 grams of a mixture of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte (AB+), respectively.
图4：该图为柱形图，其显示了分别使用9.22克压力成型的碳酸氢铵(AB)和9.22克压力成型的碳酸氢铵和5％电解质(AB+)的混合物捕获的雌性和雄性蚊子的对比。FIG. 4 : This figure is a bar graph showing a comparison of female and male mosquitoes captured using 9.22 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and a mixture of 9.22 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte (AB+), respectively.
图5：该图为柱形图，其显示了分别使用8.65克压力成型的碳酸氢铵(AB)和8.65克压力成型的碳酸氢铵和5％电解质(AB+)的混合物捕获的雌性和雄性蚊子的对比。FIG. 5 : This figure is a bar graph showing a comparison of female and male mosquitoes captured using 8.65 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and a mixture of 8.65 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte (AB+), respectively.
图6：该图为柱形图，其显示了分别使用9克压力成型的碳酸氢铵(AB)和9克压力成型的碳酸氢铵和5％电解质的混合物的27天内的蚊子捕获数据。FIG. 6 : This figure is a bar graph showing mosquito capture data over 27 days using 9 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and a mixture of 9 grams of pressure-formed ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte, respectively.
图7：该图为柱形图，其显示了使用碳酸氢铵与零(0)至7重量％的电解质(氯化钠)的蚊子捕获的对比。样品的总重量如下所示：Figure 7: This figure is a bar graph showing a comparison of mosquito capture using ammonium bicarbonate with zero (0) to 7 wt% electrolyte (sodium chloride). The total weight of the samples is as follows:
图8：该图为柱形图，其显示了使用20克碳酸氢铵加5克电解质(氯化钠)与仅使用20克电解质(氯化钠)的蚊子捕获的对比。Figure 8: This figure is a bar graph showing the mosquito capture using 20 grams of ammonium bicarbonate plus 5 grams of electrolyte (sodium chloride) versus 20 grams of electrolyte (sodium chloride) alone.
图9：该图为柱形图，其显示了使用样品#1(5.2克纯碳酸氢铵+1.16克1-辛烯-3-醇+0.95g乳酸的混合物)和样品#2((5.283克碳酸氢铵+0.067克电解质/盐)+1.13克辛烯醇+0.8g乳酸)32天内的库蚊(雄性和雌性都有)捕获。Figure 9: This figure is a bar graph showing the capture of Culex pipiens (both male and female) over a 32-day period using Sample #1 (a mixture of 5.2 g of pure ammonium bicarbonate + 1.16 g of 1-octen-3-ol + 0.95 g of lactic acid) and Sample #2 ((5.283 g of ammonium bicarbonate + 0.067 g of electrolyte/salt) + 1.13 g of octenol + 0.8 g of lactic acid).
图10：该图为柱形图，其显示了使用样品#1(5.2克纯碳酸氢铵+1.16克1-辛烯-3-醇+0.95g乳酸的混合物)和样品#2((5.283克碳酸氢铵+0.067克电解质/盐)+1.13克辛烯醇+0.8g乳酸)32天内的伊蚊(雄性和雌性都有)捕获。Figure 10: This figure is a bar graph showing the capture of Aedes mosquitoes (both male and female) over a 32-day period using Sample #1 (a mixture of 5.2 g of pure ammonium bicarbonate + 1.16 g of 1-octen-3-ol + 0.95 g of lactic acid) and Sample #2 ((5.283 g of ammonium bicarbonate + 0.067 g of electrolyte/salt) + 1.13 g of octenol + 0.8 g of lactic acid).
实验部分Experimental Section
如别处所讨论的，本发明提供了一种吸引昆虫的方法，其中该方法包括提供吸引昆虫的昆虫诱饵，其中该昆虫诱饵包括碳酸氢铵和用于增强从昆虫诱饵释放气体的诱饵释放装置，其中该气体释放装置将昆虫诱饵雾化以释放二氧化碳来吸引昆虫。As discussed elsewhere, the present invention provides a method for attracting insects, wherein the method includes providing an insect bait to attract insects, wherein the insect bait includes ammonium bicarbonate and a bait release device for enhancing the release of gas from the insect bait, wherein the gas release device atomizes the insect bait to release carbon dioxide to attract the insects.
实施例1Example 1
该系统仅由一种成分组成，即碳酸氢铵。碳酸氢铵的使用是新特征，其也赋予了系统吸引蚊子所需的特性。碳酸氢铵是一种重要的化合物，因其分解成氨、二氧化碳和水蒸气：The system consists of only one ingredient, ammonium bicarbonate. The use of ammonium bicarbonate is a new feature that also gives the system the properties needed to attract mosquitoes. Ammonium bicarbonate is an important compound because it decomposes into ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor:
NH4HCO3→NH3+CO2+H2ONH4 HCO3 →NH3 +CO2 +H2 O
这三种分解产物吸引蚊子。在此，CO2在吸引蚊子方面发挥了重要作用。These three decomposition products attract mosquitoes. Here,CO2 plays an important role in attracting mosquitoes.
实施例2Example 2
该系统包含两种成分：碳酸氢铵和氯化钠(电解质)。The system contains two components: ammonium bicarbonate and sodium chloride (electrolyte).
两个实施例之间的主要区别是在实施例1中使用了碳酸氢铵(食品级)，而在实施例2中添加了5重量％的电解质到碳酸氢铵中。相比于与电解质一起制备的引诱剂，带有电解质的碳酸氢铵显示出更好的环境稳定性。The main difference between the two examples is that ammonium bicarbonate (food grade) was used in Example 1, while 5 wt% electrolyte was added to the ammonium bicarbonate in Example 2. The ammonium bicarbonate with electrolyte showed better environmental stability than the attractant prepared with electrolyte.
试验中使用了两个标号为#1和#2的蚊子诱捕器。待测试的引诱剂被放置在各自的诱捕器(#1为AB型引诱剂，#2为AB+型引诱剂)的引诱剂保持器上。这两个诱捕器被放置在后院(约3m x 20m)的地面上，间隔为约5-6米。每隔24小时收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行数量统计和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在两个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表IA和IB所总结的。Two mosquito traps numbered #1 and #2 were used in the experiment. The attractants to be tested were placed on the attractant holders of the respective traps (AB type attractant for #1 and AB+ type attractant for #2). The two traps were placed on the ground in the backyard (approximately 3m x 20m) with a spacing of approximately 5-6 meters. The mosquitoes captured in the traps were collected every 24 hours and then counted and identified as species. After collecting and replacing the insect boxes, the traps were rotated clockwise between the two test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, especially the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables IA and IB.
表IA提供了实施例1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和实施例2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在九(9)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获的对比。Table IA provides a comparison of male and female Culex pipiens mosquito captures over nine (9) days for Example 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Example 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB+).
表IATable IA
表IB提供了使用AB和AB+样品在9天内捕获的雄性和雌性库蚊总数，细节示于表IA中。Table IB provides the total number of male and female Culex pipiens captured over 9 days using AB and AB+ samples, details of which are shown in Table IA.
表IB：Table IB :
表IA和表IB中总结的观察结果表明，AB捕获了多出约30％的雌性库蚊。然而，添加电解质(氯化钠)到AB中将雌性库蚊的捕获量提高到近乎两倍，而且捕获的雄蚊与雌蚊的比率从1:1.3(雄蚊:雌蚊)提高到约1:2.5(雄蚊:雌蚊)，使捕获的雄蚊与雌蚊的总比率达到1:2。该数据也以图形的形式示于图3。The observations summarized in Tables IA and IB indicate that AB captured approximately 30% more female Culex pipiens. However, the addition of electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture of female Culex pipiens by nearly two times, and increased the ratio of captured male to female mosquitoes from 1:1.3 (male:female) to approximately 1:2.5 (male:female), bringing the overall ratio of captured male to female mosquitoes to 1:2. This data is also shown in graphical form in FIG3.
将电解质添加到引诱剂碳酸氢铵中的一些好处包括，与仅有碳酸氢铵相比，可以捕获到更多的雌性致倦库蚊(比率为2:1)。另一个观察到的好处是，AB+是稳定的，在9天的测试中没有表现出任何形状变化，而AB在9天内分解。Some benefits of adding electrolytes to the attractant ammonium bicarbonate include the capture of more female Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus compared to ammonium bicarbonate alone (at a 2:1 ratio). Another benefit observed was that AB+ was stable and did not show any shape changes over the 9-day test, whereas AB decomposed within 9 days.
实施例3Example 3
该实施例是使用9.22克碳酸氢铵(AB)和AB+(即包括碳酸氢铵和电解质(即氯化钠)加起来总共9.22克)的蚊子捕获的对比。应注意，与样品AB相比，样品AB+显示出了更好的环境稳定性。This example is a comparison of mosquito capture using 9.22 grams of ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and AB+ (i.e., 9.22 grams total including ammonium bicarbonate and electrolyte (i.e., sodium chloride)). It should be noted that sample AB+ showed better environmental stability compared to sample AB.
试验中使用了两个标号为#1和#2的蚊子诱捕器。待测试的引诱剂被放置在各自的诱捕器(#1为AB型引诱剂，#2为AB+型引诱剂)的引诱剂保持器上。这两个诱捕器被放置在后院(约3m x 20m)的地面上，间隔为约5-6米。每隔24小时收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行数量统计和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在两个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表IIA和IIB所总结的。Two mosquito traps numbered #1 and #2 were used in the experiment. The attractants to be tested were placed on the attractant holders of the respective traps (#1 was AB type attractant and #2 was AB+ type attractant). The two traps were placed on the ground in the backyard (about 3m x 20m) with a spacing of about 5-6 meters. The mosquitoes captured in the traps were collected every 24 hours and then counted and identified as species. After collecting and replacing the insect boxes, the traps were rotated clockwise between the two test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, especially the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables IIA and IIB.
表IIA提供了样品1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和样品2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在九(9)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获对比。Table IIA provides a comparison of male and female Culex pipiens mosquito captures over nine (9) days for Sample 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Sample 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB+).
表IIA：Table IIA :
表IIB提供了使用AB和AB+样品在9天内捕获的雄性和雌性库蚊总数，细节示于表IIA中。Table IIB provides the total number of male and female Culex pipiens captured over 9 days using AB and AB+ samples, details of which are shown in Table IIA.
表IIBTable IIB
表IIA和表IIB中总结的观察结果表明，AB捕获了多出约50％的雌性库蚊。然而，添加电解质(氯化钠)到AB中将雌性库蚊的捕获量提高近80％。该数据也以图形的形式示于图4。The observations summarized in Tables IIA and IIB show that AB captured about 50% more female Culex pipiens. However, adding electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture of female Culex pipiens by nearly 80%. This data is also shown in graphical form in Figure 4.
将电解质添加到引诱剂碳酸氢铵中的一些好处包括，与仅有碳酸氢铵相比，可以捕获到更多的雌性致倦库蚊(比率为2:1)。另一个观察到的好处是，AB+是稳定的并且在9天的测试中没有表现出任何形状变化，而AB在9天内分解。Some benefits of adding electrolytes to the attractant ammonium bicarbonate include the capture of more female Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus compared to ammonium bicarbonate alone (ratio 2:1). Another benefit observed was that AB+ was stable and did not show any shape changes over the 9-day test, while AB decomposed within 9 days.
实施例4Example 4
该实施例是使用8.65克碳酸氢铵(AB)和AB+(即包括碳酸氢铵和5％电解质(即氯化钠)加起来总共8.65克)的蚊子捕获的对比。将样品密封在各自的容器中，容器在各自容器的侧面具有约5毫米的开口。应注意，与样品AB相比，样品AB+显示出了更好的环境稳定性。This example is a comparison of mosquito capture using 8.65 grams of ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and AB+ (i.e., including ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte (i.e., sodium chloride) totaling 8.65 grams). The samples were sealed in respective containers having an opening of approximately 5 mm on the side of the respective container. It should be noted that sample AB+ exhibited better environmental stability compared to sample AB.
试验中使用了两个标号为#1和#2的蚊子诱捕器。待测试的引诱剂被放置在各自的诱捕器(#1为AB型引诱剂，#2为AB+型引诱剂)的引诱剂保持器上。这两个诱捕器被放置在仓库的后院(约3m x 20m)的地面上，间隔为约5-6米。每隔24小时收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行数量统计和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在两个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表IIIA和IIIB所总结的。Two mosquito traps numbered #1 and #2 were used in the experiment. The attractants to be tested were placed on the attractant holders of the respective traps (#1 was AB type attractant and #2 was AB+ type attractant). The two traps were placed on the ground in the backyard of the warehouse (about 3m x 20m) with a spacing of about 5-6 meters. The mosquitoes captured in the traps were collected every 24 hours, and then the number was counted and the species identified. After collecting and replacing the insect boxes, the traps were rotated clockwise between the two test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, especially the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables IIIA and IIIB.
表IIIA提供了实施例1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和实施例2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在九(9)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获对比。Table IIIA provides a comparison of male and female Culex pipiens mosquito captures over nine (9) days for Example 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Example 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB+).
表IIIA：Table IIIA :
表IIIB提供了使用AB和AB+样品在9天内捕获的雄性和雌性库蚊总数，细节示于表IIIA中。Table IIIB provides the total number of male and female Culex pipiens captured over 9 days using AB and AB+ samples, details of which are shown in Table IIIA.
表IIIBTable IIIB
表IIIA和表IIIB中总结的观察结果表明，AB捕获了多出约15％的雌性库蚊。然而，添加电解质(氯化钠)到AB中将雌性库蚊的捕获量提高近80％。该数据也以图形的形式示于图5。The observations summarized in Tables IIIA and IIIB indicate that AB captured approximately 15% more female Culex pipiens. However, adding electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture of female Culex pipiens by nearly 80%. This data is also shown in graphical form in Figure 5.
一些观察结果包括碳酸氢铵加5％的电解质的引诱剂(AB+)比单纯的碳酸氢铵(AB)多捕获了80％的雌性致倦库蚊，表明对雌性致倦库蚊的吸引力显著增加。两种引诱剂的日蚊子捕获量之间统计对比较(statistic pair comparison)的P值为0.005，远低于0.5。AB+表现出良好的户外稳定性，体积收缩率较低，并且形状没有变化。用纯碳酸氢铵制备的AB引诱剂在6天的测试后出现明显的分解，在第9天完全分解。Some observations included that the attractant of ammonium bicarbonate plus 5% electrolyte (AB+) captured 80% more female Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus than ammonium bicarbonate alone (AB), indicating a significant increase in attractiveness to female Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. The P value for the statistical pair comparison of daily mosquito catches between the two attractants was 0.005, which is well below 0.5. AB+ showed good outdoor stability with low volume shrinkage and no change in shape. The AB attractant prepared with pure ammonium bicarbonate showed significant decomposition after 6 days of testing and was completely decomposed on the 9th day.
实施例5：Embodiment 5 :
该实施例是使用9克碳酸氢铵(AB)和AB+(即包括碳酸氢铵和5％电解质(即氯化钠)加起来总共9克)的蚊子捕获的对比。将样品密封在各自的容器中，容器在各自容器的侧面具有约5毫米的开口。应注意，与样品AB相比，样品AB+显示出了更好的环境稳定性。This example is a comparison of mosquito capture using 9 grams of ammonium bicarbonate (AB) and AB+ (i.e., 9 grams total including ammonium bicarbonate and 5% electrolyte (i.e., sodium chloride)). The samples were sealed in respective containers having openings of approximately 5 mm on the sides of the respective containers. It should be noted that sample AB+ exhibited better environmental stability compared to sample AB.
试验中使用了两个标号为#1和#2的蚊子诱捕器。待测试的引诱剂被放置在各自的诱捕器(#1为AB型引诱剂，#2为AB+型引诱剂)的引诱剂保持器上。这两个诱捕器被放置在矩形后院(约3m x 20m)的地面上，间隔为约5-6米。每隔24小时收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行数量统计和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在两个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表IVA和IVB所总结的。Two mosquito traps numbered #1 and #2 were used in the experiment. The attractants to be tested were placed on the attractant holders of the respective traps (#1 was AB-type attractant and #2 was AB+-type attractant). The two traps were placed on the ground in a rectangular backyard (approximately 3m x 20m) with a spacing of approximately 5-6 meters. The mosquitoes captured in the traps were collected every 24 hours and then counted and identified as species. After collecting and replacing the insect boxes, the traps were rotated clockwise between the two test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, and in particular, the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables IVA and IVB.
表IVA提供了实施例1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和实施例2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在二十七(27)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获对比。Table IVA provides a comparison of male and female Culex pipiens mosquito captures over a twenty-seven (27) day period for Example 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Example 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB+).
表IVA:Table IVA :
表IVB提供了使用AB和AB+样品在9天内捕获的雄性和雌性库蚊总数，细节示于表IVA中的。Table IVB provides the total number of male and female Culex pipiens captured over 9 days using AB and AB+ samples, details of which are shown in Table IVA.
表IVBTable IVB
表IVA和表IVB中总结的观察结果表明，AB捕获了多出约30％的雌性库蚊。然而，添加电解质(氯化钠)到AB中可将雌性库蚊的捕获量提高近100％。该数据也以图形的形式示于图6。The observations summarized in Tables IVA and IVB indicate that AB captured approximately 30% more female Culex pipiens. However, adding electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture of female Culex pipiens by nearly 100%. This data is also shown in graphical form in Figure 6.
实施例6Example 6
该实施例使用如下所示的AB和AB+的不同组合的蚊子捕获的对比：This example uses a comparison of mosquito capture using different combinations of AB and AB+ as shown below:
将样品密封在各自的容器中，容器在各自容器的侧面具有约5毫米的开口。应注意，与样品AB相比，样品AB+显示出了更好的环境稳定性。The samples were sealed in respective containers with approximately 5 mm openings in the sides of the respective containers. It should be noted that sample AB+ exhibited better environmental stability compared to sample AB.
将碳酸氢铵和电解质混合并模制成圆形块(14mm厚，25mm直径)，该圆形块被密封在顶部具有释放孔(5mm直径)的圆形塑料盒中。将四个标有#1、#2、#3和#4的蚊子诱捕器挂在附近的树枝上，离地约1～1.5米，相距10米。将待测试的引诱剂放置在各个诱捕器的引诱剂保持器中。每隔24小时在每天的约早上8：30收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行计数和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在四个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表VA和VB所总结的。Ammonium bicarbonate and electrolyte were mixed and molded into round blocks (14 mm thick, 25 mm diameter), which were sealed in round plastic boxes with a release hole (5 mm diameter) on the top. Four mosquito traps labeled #1, #2, #3 and #4 were hung on nearby branches, about 1 to 1.5 meters above the ground and 10 meters apart. The attractant to be tested was placed in the attractant holder of each trap. The mosquitoes captured in the trap were collected once every 24 hours at about 8:30 in the morning every day, and then counted and identified. After collecting and replacing the insect box, the trap was rotated clockwise between the four test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, and in particular, the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables VA and VB.
表VA提供了实施例1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和实施例2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在十六(16)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获的对比。Table VA provides a comparison of Example 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Example 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB +) mosquito captures of male and female Culex pipiens pipiens over a sixteen (16) day period.
表VATable VA
表VA和表VB中总结的观察结果是，参见AB+与5％电解质的组合，向AB中添加电解质(氯化钠)可将雌性库蚊的捕获率提高到相比于雄性蚊子的近600％。该数据也以图形的形式示于图7。The observations summarized in Tables VA and VB are that the addition of electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture rate of female Culex pipiens to nearly 600% compared to male mosquitoes, referring to the combination of AB+ and 5% electrolyte. This data is also shown in graphical form in Figure 7.
表VBTable VB
实施例7Example 7
该实施例是使用如下所示的AB和AB+的不同组合的捕获蚊子的对比：This example is a comparison of mosquito capture using different combinations of AB and AB+ as shown below:
将样品密封在各自的容器中，容器在各自容器的侧面具有约5毫米的开口。应注意，与样品AB相比，样品AB+显示出了更好的环境稳定性。The samples were sealed in respective containers with approximately 5 mm openings in the sides of the respective containers. It should be noted that sample AB+ exhibited better environmental stability compared to sample AB.
将碳酸氢铵和电解质混合并模制成圆形块(14mm厚，25mm直径)，该圆形块被密封在顶部具有释放孔(5mm直径)的圆形塑料盒中。将四个标有#1、#2、#3和#4的蚊子诱捕器挂在附近的树枝上，离地约1～1.5米，相距10米。将待测试的引诱剂放置在各个诱捕器的引诱剂保持器中。每隔24小时在每天的约早上8：30收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行计数和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在四个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，特别地，雌性库蚊的数量超过了雄性库蚊，如表VIA和VIB所总结的。Ammonium bicarbonate and electrolyte were mixed and molded into round blocks (14 mm thick, 25 mm diameter), which were sealed in round plastic boxes with a release hole (5 mm diameter) on the top. Four mosquito traps labeled #1, #2, #3 and #4 were hung on nearby branches, about 1 to 1.5 meters above the ground and 10 meters apart. The attractant to be tested was placed in the attractant holder of each trap. The mosquitoes captured in the trap were collected every 24 hours at about 8:30 a.m. every day, and then counted and identified. After collecting and replacing the insect box, the trap was rotated clockwise between the four test points every day to eliminate the influence of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, and in particular, the number of female Culex pipiens exceeded that of male Culex pipiens, as summarized in Tables VIA and VIB.
表VIA提供了实施例1(碳酸氢铵–AB)和实施例2(碳酸氢铵+电解质(氯化钠)–AB+)在十六(16)天内的雄性和雌性库蚊的蚊子捕获对比。Table VIA provides a comparison of male and female Culex pipiens mosquito captures over sixteen (16) days for Example 1 (ammonium bicarbonate - AB) and Example 2 (ammonium bicarbonate + electrolyte (sodium chloride) - AB+).
表VIATable VIA
表VIA和表VIB中总结的观察结果是，参见AB+与10％电解质的组合，向AB中添加电解质(氯化钠)可将雌性库蚊的捕获率提高近80％。The observations summarized in Tables VIA and VIB are that the addition of electrolyte (sodium chloride) to AB increased the capture rate of female Culex pipiens by nearly 80%, referring to the combination of AB+ and 10% electrolyte.
表VIBTable VIB
实施例8Example 8
本实施例提供了使用5.2克碳酸氢铵+1.16克辛烯醇+0.95g乳酸(样品1)和5.283克碳酸氢铵+0.067克盐+1.13克辛烯醇+8.8克乳酸(样品2)的蚊子捕获的对比。将样品密封在各自的容器中，容器在各自容器的侧面具有约5毫米的开口。This example provides a comparison of mosquito capture using 5.2 g ammonium bicarbonate + 1.16 g octenol + 0.95 g lactic acid (Sample 1) and 5.283 g ammonium bicarbonate + 0.067 g salt + 1.13 g octenol + 8.8 g lactic acid (Sample 2). The samples were sealed in respective containers having an opening of approximately 5 mm on the side of the respective container.
试验中使用了两个标号为#1和#2的蚊子诱捕器。待测试的引诱剂被放置在各自的诱捕器(#1为样品1，#2为样品2)的引诱剂保持器上。这两个诱捕器被放置在矩形后院(约3mx 20m)的地面上，间隔为约5-6米。每隔24小时收集一次诱捕器中捕获到的蚊子，然后进行数量统计和物种识别。在收集和更换虫盒后，每天在两个试验点之间顺时针旋转诱捕器以消除环境因素造成的影响。库蚊是被捕获的主要物种，如表VIIA和VIIB所总结的。Two mosquito traps numbered #1 and #2 were used in the experiment. The attractants to be tested were placed on the attractant holders of the respective traps (#1 for sample 1 and #2 for sample 2). The two traps were placed on the ground in a rectangular backyard (approximately 3mx 20m) with a spacing of approximately 5-6 meters. The mosquitoes captured in the traps were collected every 24 hours and then counted and identified as species. After collecting and replacing the insect boxes, the traps were rotated clockwise between the two test points every day to eliminate the effects of environmental factors. Culex pipiens was the main species captured, as summarized in Tables VIIA and VIIB.
表VIIA提供了使用包含5.2克碳酸氢铵+1.16克辛烯醇+0.95g乳酸的组合物(样品1)在32天的时间段内捕获的蚊子计数。Table VIIA provides mosquito counts captured over a 32 day period using a composition comprising 5.2 grams of ammonium bicarbonate + 1.16 grams of octenol + 0.95 g of lactic acid (Sample 1).
表VIIATable VIIA
表VIIB提供了使用包含5.283克碳酸氢铵+0.067克盐+1.13克辛烯醇+0.8g乳酸的组合物(样品2)在32天的时间段内捕获的蚊子计数。Table VIIB provides mosquito counts captured over a 32 day period using a composition comprising 5.283 grams of ammonium bicarbonate + 0.067 grams of salt + 1.13 grams of octenol + 0.8 g of lactic acid (Sample 2).
表VIIBTable VIIB
表VIIA和VIIB中的数据表明，添加电解质(氯化钠)的组合物(样品2)(捕获2774只库蚊)比不添加电解质的组合物(样品1)(捕获1926只库蚊)提高了近50％的库蚊捕获量。同样值得注意的是，与样品1(560只)相比，样品2帮助捕获了两倍数量的雌性库蚊(1009只)。同样值得注意的是，相比于伊蚊，捕获的绝大多数蚊子是库蚊(约98:2)。图8以图形所示的为使用样品1和2捕获的库蚊数量。图9以图形所示的为使用样品1和2捕获的伊蚊数量。The data in Tables VIIA and VIIB show that the composition with added electrolyte (sodium chloride) (Sample 2) (2774 Culex mosquitoes captured) increased the capture of Culex mosquitoes by nearly 50% over the composition without added electrolyte (Sample 1) (1926 Culex mosquitoes captured). It is also worth noting that Sample 2 helped capture twice as many female Culex mosquitoes (1009) as compared to Sample 1 (560). It is also worth noting that the vast majority of mosquitoes captured were Culex mosquitoes compared to Aedes mosquitoes (about 98:2). Figure 8 shows graphically the number of Culex mosquitoes captured using Samples 1 and 2. Figure 9 shows graphically the number of Aedes mosquitoes captured using Samples 1 and 2.
实施例9Embodiment 9
实施例9提供了总重量8.556g的组合物，其包含羧酸(乳酸和己酸)、金属碱(碳酸氢铵)、电解质(氯化钠)和吸收材料(布)的混合物，其中布用于吸收液体(己酸)。Example 9 provides a composition having a total weight of 8.556 g, which comprises a mixture of carboxylic acids (lactic acid and caproic acid), a metal base (ammonium bicarbonate), an electrolyte (sodium chloride) and an absorbent material (cloth), wherein the cloth is used to absorb the liquid (caproic acid).
实施例10Example 10
实施例10提供了总重量8.293g的组合物，其包含羧酸(乳酸)、非金属碱(碳酸氢铵)、电解质(氯化钠)、醇(1-辛烯-3-醇)、干燥剂(二氧化硅)和吸收材料(布)的混合物，其中布用于吸收液体(1-辛烯-3-醇)。Example 10 provides a composition with a total weight of 8.293 g, which includes a mixture of carboxylic acid (lactic acid), a non-metallic base (ammonium bicarbonate), an electrolyte (sodium chloride), an alcohol (1-octen-3-ol), a desiccant (silicon dioxide) and an absorbent material (cloth), wherein the cloth is used to absorb the liquid (1-octen-3-ol).
蚊子捕获数据表明，雌性蚊子被诱捕/捕获的比率明显高于雄性蚊子。如上所述，成年雌性蚊子是人类疾病的重要媒介。由于主要以吸血为食的取食策略和产生后代的能力，捕获/诱捕和消灭成年雌性蚊子更为重要。Mosquito capture data indicate that female mosquitoes are trapped/captured at significantly higher rates than male mosquitoes. As mentioned above, adult female mosquitoes are important vectors of human diseases. Due to their predominantly blood-feeding feeding strategy and their ability to produce offspring, capturing/trapping and eliminating adult female mosquitoes is more important.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
在别处提供了图3-9的说明。Descriptions of Figures 3-9 are provided elsewhere.
图1描述了一种昆虫捕获装置10，其包括容器11，所述容器能够容纳说明书中提到的组合物，封闭的风扇12，以及昆虫诱捕部分13。如本文所用，不同的短语将具有本申请的该部分和其他部分中描述的含义。Figure 1 depicts an insect trapping device 10 comprising a container 11 capable of containing the composition described in the specification, a closed fan 12, and an insect trapping portion 13. As used herein, various phrases will have the meanings described in this and other parts of the application.
图2描述了一种昆虫捕获装置20，其包括容器21，所述容器能够容纳说明书中提到的组合物，和封闭的风扇22，和昆虫诱捕部分23。如本文所用，不同的短语将具有本申请的该部分和其他部分中描述的含义。Figure 2 depicts an insect trapping device 20 comprising a container 21 capable of containing the composition mentioned in the specification, and a closed fan 22, and an insect trapping portion 23. As used herein, various phrases will have the meanings described in this and other parts of the application.
图10描述了本发明中所用的用于容纳本发明中讨论的组合物的容器。该容器30包括盖子40和壁41，盖子和壁中具有孔31、32、33、34、35、37和37，以促进由本发明的组合物产生的气体的运动。Figure 10 depicts a container used in the present invention for containing the composition discussed in the present invention. The container 30 includes a lid 40 and a wall 41 with holes 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37 and 38 therein to facilitate the movement of the gas generated by the composition of the present invention.
定义definition
如本文所用，不同的短语将具有本申请的该部分和其他部分中描述的含义。As used herein, various phrases shall have the meanings described in this and other sections of this application.
本文所用的术语"昆虫吸引系统"表示多组成部分的组合，包括单独的化学实体、两种或多种化学实体的混合物、包括容器的物理实施方式、能够诱捕包括蚊子在内的昆虫的诱捕装置，以及本领域技术人员已知的有助于实施本发明的其他组成部分。The term "insect attraction system" as used herein refers to a combination of components, including individual chemical entities, mixtures of two or more chemical entities, physical embodiments including containers, trapping devices capable of trapping insects including mosquitoes, and other components known to those skilled in the art that are useful in practicing the present invention.
术语"至少"用于表示给定实施方式由至少所示数量的组成部分组成。应理解，给定的实施方式可以由多于至少所示数量的组成部分组成。术语"至少"应被理解为定义组成部分的下限而不是组成部分的上限。还应理解，本发明所称的昆虫吸引系统可以包括至多但不超过25种组成部分。The term "at least" is used to indicate that a given embodiment consists of at least the number of components indicated. It is understood that a given embodiment may consist of more than at least the number of components indicated. The term "at least" should be understood to define a lower limit of components rather than an upper limit of components. It is also understood that the insect attraction system of the present invention may include up to but not more than 25 components.
本文中使用的术语"透气"是指容器壁或盖的促进气体从容器内运动到外部(反之亦然)的能力。透气性来自于有孔或网状排布的壁和盖。As used herein, the term "breathable" refers to the ability of a container wall or lid to facilitate the movement of gases from inside the container to the outside (or vice versa). The breathability comes from walls and lids that have holes or mesh arrangements.
本文使用的术语"金属碱"和"非金属碱"是指具有碱性pH值的化合物，其中pH值通常大于8左右。金属碱化合物包含一种或多种与其他元素键合的金属元素。通常，金属原子充当化合物中的阳离子，并键合至非金属阴离子或离子基团。因其带有正电荷，所以金属元素符号在化学式中列在首位。铵离子被认为是一种金属元素用于本发明的目的。金属碱的说明性示例是碳酸氢铵、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠以及有机和无机钾盐和钠盐。应理解，术语金属碱和非金属碱是可互换的。The terms "metal base" and "non-metal base" as used herein refer to compounds having an alkaline pH, wherein the pH is generally greater than about 8. Metal base compounds contain one or more metal elements bonded to other elements. Typically, the metal atom acts as a cation in the compound and is bonded to a non-metal anion or ionic group. Because it carries a positive charge, the metal element symbol is listed first in the chemical formula. Ammonium ions are considered to be a metallic element for purposes of the present invention. Illustrative examples of metal bases are ammonium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and organic and inorganic potassium and sodium salts. It should be understood that the terms metal base and non-metal base are interchangeable.
本文中使用的“壳体”表示物理容器，该物理容器可以容纳/收纳本发明的至少一些组成部分。典型的壳体具有由隔板分开的多个独立区域/隔室，使得每个区域/隔室分别容纳例如(a)饱和醇、部分不饱和醇或芳香醇；(b)L(+)乳酸；和(c)金属或金属碱。典型的壳体也会具有盖/盖子，用来包封多个独立的区域/隔室。壳体可以由不同的材料制成，例如塑料、金属、木材或其组合。壳体材料通常不会与其容纳/收纳的材料相互作用/反应。壳体的一个说明性示例如下图1所示。As used herein, "housing" refers to a physical container that can contain/accommodate at least some of the components of the present invention. A typical housing has multiple independent regions/compartments separated by partitions, so that each region/compartment contains, for example, (a) a saturated alcohol, a partially unsaturated alcohol, or an aromatic alcohol; (b) L(+) lactic acid; and (c) a metal or a metal base. A typical housing will also have a lid/cover to enclose multiple independent regions/compartments. The housing can be made of different materials, such as plastic, metal, wood, or a combination thereof. The housing material generally does not interact/react with the material it contains/accommodates. An illustrative example of a housing is shown in FIG1 below.
本文所用的术语"惰性结合剂"是指可将金属或非金属碱配制成压缩形式(如片剂)的作为结合剂的材料。如该术语所示，惰性结合剂是惰性的，因此不会与金属或非金属碱材料发生作用。惰性结合剂的说明性示例包括玉米淀粉、微晶纤维素、聚维酮(povidone)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和改性纤维素、蜡和硬脂酸盐。.As used herein, the term "inert binder" refers to a material that acts as a binder to formulate a metal or non-metal base into a compressed form such as a tablet. As the term indicates, an inert binder is inert and therefore does not react with the metal or non-metal base material. Illustrative examples of inert binders include corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and modified celluloses, waxes, and stearates.
本文所用的术语"电解质"表示当组合或溶解在溶剂(优选极性溶剂，如水)中时能够产生导电溶液的材料。电解质的说明性示例是磷酸盐和其他盐，包括氯化钠、氯化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氯化钙、氯酸、硝酸、盐酸和氢氧化镁。As used herein, the term "electrolyte" refers to a material that is capable of producing an electrically conductive solution when combined or dissolved in a solvent, preferably a polar solvent such as water. Illustrative examples of electrolytes are phosphates and other salts including sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride, chloric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and magnesium hydroxide.
本文所用的术语"干燥剂"表示能够在存在水分的环境(如潮湿的空气)中吸收水分/水的化学剂。吸水可以发生在干燥剂在其表面上吸水或可能存在于干燥剂内的基质的孔隙中吸水的情况。干燥剂的说明性示例是硅胶、分子筛、氧化铝、硫酸镁、氯化钙、硫酸钠、闪长岩(diorite)、碳酸钾、硫酸钠和氢氧化钠。As used herein, the term "desiccant" refers to a chemical agent that is capable of absorbing moisture/water in an environment where moisture is present, such as humid air. Water absorption can occur when the desiccant absorbs water on its surface or in the pores of a matrix that may be present within the desiccant. Illustrative examples of desiccants are silica gel, molecular sieves, alumina, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, diorite, potassium carbonate, sodium sulfate, and sodium hydroxide.
本文中使用的术语"羧酸"旨在表示含有连接到R基团的羧基(C(＝O)OH)的有机酸。羧酸的通式为R-COOH或R-CO2H，其中R指烷基、烯基、芳基或其他基团。羧酸的说明性子类包括氨基酸和脂肪酸。羧酸的说明性示例是甲酸、苯甲酸、乳酸、己酸、乙酸、丙酸、癸酸、二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸、丙酮酸、水杨酸、己二酸、异柠檬酸(isocytric acid)和乙醇酸。应理解，术语L-乳酸和乳酸是可互换的。As used herein, the term "carboxylic acid" is intended to mean an organic acid containing a carboxyl group (C(=O)OH) attached to an R group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is R-COOH or R-CO2 H, where R refers to an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or other group. Illustrative subclasses of carboxylic acids include amino acids and fatty acids. Illustrative examples of carboxylic acids are formic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, caproic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, capric acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, pyruvic acid, salicylic acid, adipic acid, isocytric acid, and glycolic acid. It should be understood that the terms L-lactic acid and lactic acid are interchangeable.
本文所用的术语"昆虫诱饵"或"蚊子诱饵"或"诱饵"是指能够释放出吸引昆虫(包括蚊子)的气体的组合物。这些术语还包括从组合物中释放的气体，包括吸引蚊子在内的昆虫的二氧化碳(CO2)、氨(NH3)、丙烷等。As used herein, the term "insect bait" or "mosquito bait" or "bait" refers to a composition capable of releasing gases that attract insects, including mosquitoes. These terms also include gases released from the composition, including carbon dioxide (CO2 ), ammonia (NH3 ), propane, etc., which attract insects, including mosquitoes.
本文所用的术语"醇"表示一类有机化合物，其特征是一个或多个羟基(-OH)基团连接到烷基(烃链)的碳原子上。有些人认为醇是水(H2O)的有机衍生物，其中氢原子中的一个被烷基(在有机结构中通常用R表示)所代替。例如，在乙醇(或乙基醇)中，烷基是乙基，-CH2CH3。根据烷基中的哪个碳与羟基键合，醇可分为伯醇、仲醇或叔醇。大多数醇在室温下是无色的液体或固体。低分子量的醇在水中的溶解度很高；随着分子量的增加，其在水中的溶解度变小，其沸点、蒸气压、密度和粘度增加。醇的说明性示例是甲醇、乙醇、丁醇、辛醇、丙-1-醇、丙-2-醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、辛烷-3-醇、丁-1-醇、鲸蜡醇、乙酰醇、甘油、烯丙醇和炔丙醇。As used herein, the term "alcohol" refers to a class of organic compounds characterized by one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to carbon atoms of an alkyl group (hydrocarbon chain). Some consider alcohols to be organic derivatives of water (H2O ) in which one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by an alkyl group (usually represented by R in organic structures). For example, in ethanol (or ethyl alcohol), the alkyl group is an ethyl group,-CH2CH3 . Depending on which carbon in the alkyl group is bonded to the hydroxyl group, alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, ortertiary alcohols. Most alcohols are colorless liquids or solids at room temperature. Low molecular weight alcohols are highly soluble in water; as molecular weight increases, their solubility in water decreases, and their boiling point, vapor pressure, density, and viscosity increase. Illustrative examples of alcohols are methanol, ethanol, butanol, octanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, octan-3-ol, butan-1-ol, cetyl alcohol, acetyl alcohol, glycerol, allyl alcohol, and propargyl alcohol.
术语"任选的"意指并非必要或强制性的事物，但如果需要的话，可以存在或可得。在本发明中，术语任选的与"任选地存在的"的干燥剂相关联，意在表达该干燥剂不是必要的/强制性的，如果需要的话可以存在。The term "optional" means something that is not necessary or mandatory, but can be present or available if desired. In the present invention, the term optional is associated with a desiccant that is "optionally present", and is intended to express that the desiccant is not necessary/mandatory, but can be present if desired.
术语"吸收材料"表示具有吸收(一般是通过吸收或吸附)其他物质的能力或倾向的材料。海绵状材料通过将液体物质收纳在其形成内部骨架的交错纤维的多孔物质中，来吸收水或其他液体。吸收材料的说明性示例是布、海绵、织物、纸巾等。The term "absorbent material" refers to a material that has the ability or tendency to absorb other substances, generally by absorption or adsorption. Sponge-like materials absorb water or other liquids by trapping the liquid substance in its porous mass of interlaced fibers that form an internal skeleton. Illustrative examples of absorbent materials are cloth, sponges, fabrics, tissues, etc.
术语"浸泡"旨在描述由于材料孔隙内存在液体而潮湿的材料，如织物或海绵。在本发明中，织物或海绵材料可以被醇或羧酸或任何其他可能以液体形式存在的成分所浸泡。The term "soaked" is intended to describe a material, such as a fabric or sponge, that is wet due to the presence of a liquid within the pores of the material. In the present invention, the fabric or sponge material may be soaked with an alcohol or a carboxylic acid or any other component that may be present in liquid form.
本文所用的术语"容器"旨在描述用于容纳物质(例如羧酸、醇、金属碱、干燥剂、电解质等)的任何接收器(receptacle)或包围器(enclosure)。本发明中的容器旨在具有多个分开的隔室，以防止各个隔室中的成分彼此接触。本发明中的容器还旨在具有多孔盖，以允许其内部所含的成分与周围环境中的空气接触，并且还允许由其内所包含的成分的蒸发产生的任何气态物质通过。The term "container" as used herein is intended to describe any receptacle or enclosure for containing a substance (e.g., carboxylic acid, alcohol, metal base, desiccant, electrolyte, etc.). The container in the present invention is intended to have multiple separate compartments to prevent the components in each compartment from contacting each other. The container in the present invention is also intended to have a porous cover to allow the components contained therein to contact the air in the surrounding environment and also to allow any gaseous substances produced by the evaporation of the components contained therein to pass through.
本文中使用的术语"昆虫"旨在表示害虫和蠓科(ceratopogonidae)，包括蚊子。术语昆虫包括昆虫的两种性别(雄性和雌性)。术语"蚊子"或"蚊"既代表雄性和雌性的蚊子，也代表不同种类的蚊子。蚊子是属于双翅目(飞虫(flies))的约3500种小昆虫中的任何成员。在双翅目中，蚊子构成了蚊科(来自拉丁语库蚊属(culex)，意为"蚊蚋(gnat)")。术语"蚊子"也包括任何类型的蚊子(例如，按蚊(Anopheles)、伊蚊(Aedes)、骚扰蚊(Ochlerotatus)和库蚊)，包括但不限于虎蚊(Tiger mosquito)、土著伊蚊(Aedesaborigines)、埃及伊蚊(Aedes Aegypti)、白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)、坎特伊蚊(Aedescantator)、塞拉伊蚊(Aedes sierrensis)、烦扰伊蚊(Aedes sollicitans)、鳞片伊蚊(Aedes squamigeer)、叮刺伊蚊(Aedes sticticus)、刺扰伊蚊(Aedes vexans)、四斑按蚊(Anopheles quadrimaculatus)、尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)、致倦库蚊(Culexquinquefaxciatus)和三齿骚扰蚊(Ochlerotatus triseriatus)。The term "insect" as used herein is intended to mean pests and Ceratopogonidae, including mosquitoes. The term insect includes both sexes (male and female) of insects. The term "mosquito" or "mosquito" represents both male and female mosquitoes, as well as different species of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are any member of about 3500 species of small insects belonging to the order Diptera (flies). In the order Diptera, mosquitoes constitute the family Culicidae (from the Latin culex, meaning "gnat"). The term "mosquito" also includes any type of mosquito (e.g., Anopheles, Aedes, Ochlerotatus, and Culex), including, but not limited to, Tiger mosquito, Aedes aborigines, Aedes Aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes cantator, Aedes sierrensis, Aedes sollicitans, Aedes squamigeer, Aedes sticticus, Aedes vexans, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefaxciatus, and Ochlerotatus triseriatus.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63/092,052 | 2020-10-15 | ||
| US202163154335P | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | |
| US63/154,335 | 2021-02-26 | ||
| PCT/US2021/055106WO2022081929A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2021-10-14 | Compositions and methods for attracting insects |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117940014Atrue CN117940014A (en) | 2024-04-26 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202180080866.6APendingCN117940014A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2021-10-14 | Compositions and methods for attracting insects |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117940014A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1097599A (en)* | 1993-01-22 | 1995-01-25 | 株式会社大制药工场 | The packing of the powdery pharmaceutical compositions of potassium-containing hydrogen salt reaches the method for stablizing said composition |
| CN1658753A (en)* | 2002-05-08 | 2005-08-24 | 美国生物物理学公司 | A system for trapping flying insects using attractants |
| CN1846496A (en)* | 2005-02-25 | 2006-10-18 | 贝多吉恩研究公司 | Method and compositions for attracting mosquitoes employing (R)-(-) isomers of 1-alken-3-ols |
| CN101001522A (en)* | 2004-06-08 | 2007-07-18 | 美国生物物理学公司 | A system for trapping flying insects using attractants |
| US20090100742A1 (en)* | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | Cilek James E | Apparatus for and method of maximizing attraction of mosquitoes |
| US7771712B2 (en)* | 2002-06-07 | 2010-08-10 | Martin Geier | Composition for attracting blood sucking arthropods and fruit flies |
| JP2013018730A (en)* | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-31 | Fumakilla Ltd | Insect attractant and insect attractant production kit |
| CN104719268A (en)* | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-24 | 刘宪雄 | A method of catching mosquitoes and an attractant device used in the method |
| CN109475117A (en)* | 2016-07-29 | 2019-03-15 | 宝洁公司 | The method of attracting mosquitoes |
| KR20200047999A (en)* | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-08 | 홍유경 | Composition of Natural Mosquito Attractant |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1097599A (en)* | 1993-01-22 | 1995-01-25 | 株式会社大制药工场 | The packing of the powdery pharmaceutical compositions of potassium-containing hydrogen salt reaches the method for stablizing said composition |
| CN1658753A (en)* | 2002-05-08 | 2005-08-24 | 美国生物物理学公司 | A system for trapping flying insects using attractants |
| US7771712B2 (en)* | 2002-06-07 | 2010-08-10 | Martin Geier | Composition for attracting blood sucking arthropods and fruit flies |
| CN101001522A (en)* | 2004-06-08 | 2007-07-18 | 美国生物物理学公司 | A system for trapping flying insects using attractants |
| CN1846496A (en)* | 2005-02-25 | 2006-10-18 | 贝多吉恩研究公司 | Method and compositions for attracting mosquitoes employing (R)-(-) isomers of 1-alken-3-ols |
| US20090100742A1 (en)* | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | Cilek James E | Apparatus for and method of maximizing attraction of mosquitoes |
| JP2013018730A (en)* | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-31 | Fumakilla Ltd | Insect attractant and insect attractant production kit |
| CN104719268A (en)* | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-24 | 刘宪雄 | A method of catching mosquitoes and an attractant device used in the method |
| CN109475117A (en)* | 2016-07-29 | 2019-03-15 | 宝洁公司 | The method of attracting mosquitoes |
| KR20200047999A (en)* | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-08 | 홍유경 | Composition of Natural Mosquito Attractant |
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|---|---|---|
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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