Plankton sampling device for water ecology investigation and evaluationTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic organism sampling, in particular to a plankton sampling device for water ecological investigation and evaluation.
Background
The water ecology investigation and evaluation is an important means for knowing the health condition of the water body and evaluating the quality of the water environment. Plankton is an important component in the water ecosystem and has sensitive reaction to ecological balance and environmental change of the water body. Thus, investigation and evaluation of plankton is one of the important contents of investigation and evaluation of water ecology.
With the development of technology, various automatic plankton sampling devices are developed. These devices utilize different principles and techniques to rapidly collect plankton samples in a body of water. However, when the device is placed in water, plankton is frightened and dispersed, and the water ecology in the original area cannot be accurately reflected. Therefore, there is a need to develop a sampling device that improves the accuracy of the sampling.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a plankton sampling device for water ecological investigation and evaluation, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a plankton sampling device for water ecological investigation and evaluation, which comprises a floating box with a truncated cone structure, wherein a central shaft of the floating box is sleeved with a submerged caisson, and a sampling cylinder which is used for sampling water after the caisson descends to the lower part of the water surface is sleeved in the caisson; the top of the floating box is provided with an annular storage cavity close to the outer ring of the floating box, the top surface of the storage cavity is provided with a plurality of material placing openings penetrating through the top surface of the floating box, the middle of the floating box is provided with a sleeve cavity, the top surface of the floating box is provided with an annular overflow cavity, the inner diameter of the overflow cavity is larger than that of the sleeve cavity, and the inner wall of the sleeve cavity is provided with a plurality of overflow openings communicated with the overflow cavity;
The outside of the top of the sampling cylinder is provided with a linkage ring sleeved with the overflow cavity, and the inside of the overflow cavity is sleeved with a sealing ring capable of sealing the overflow cavity; the caisson is cylindrical, the outer walls of the middle part and the upper part of the caisson are annular equidistant openings, an annular hanging table is arranged on the outer wall of the top end of the caisson, a limiting table is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the trepanning cavity, the hanging table is movably sleeved with the trepanning cavity, and the caisson is movably sleeved with the limiting table; the bottom of the sampling cylinder is elastically connected with the caisson;
When the buoyancy tank floats on the water surface, the caisson falls into the sleeve cavity to sink, until the top end of the sampling tube is driven to fall into the water surface, water collection and plankton of the back stream begin to collect in the sampling tube, until the height of the communication hole is reached, the water overflows from the sampling tube and flows into a gap reserved in the sleeve cavity, and then flows into the water overflow cavity from a plurality of overflow ports to lift the linkage ring to protrude out of the water surface, so that continuous water filling is stopped.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a plurality of communication grooves are formed between the top surface and the inner wall of the sealing ring, and when the sealing ring is pressed to the bottom of the overflow cavity by the linkage ring, the transverse outlet of the communication grooves is opposite to the overflow port.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, floating rods are symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of the sealing ring, through holes are symmetrically formed in the bottom surface of the overflow cavity, the floating rods are connected with the through holes in an inserting mode, round blocks are sleeved at the bottom ends of the floating rods, and when the sealing ring floats to the top surface of the overflow cavity, the round blocks touch the bottom surface of the buoyancy tank.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the jack is formed in the middle of the side face of the floating rod, when the sealing ring stays at the bottom of the overflow cavity, the jack is completely exposed out of the bottom surface of the floating box, sleeve blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inclined surface of the bottom of the floating box, and clamping pieces used for limiting the sealing ring to stay at the bottom of the overflow cavity are tightly sleeved in the sleeve blocks.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the clamping piece is made of PP material into a Z-shaped structure, the upper end of the clamping piece is sleeved with the sleeve block, and the lower end of the clamping piece is provided with a clamping block which is clamped with the jack.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bait is filled in the material storage cavity, and the inside of the material placing port is clamped with the net sheet.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a pull rod is sleeved in the bottom center hole of the caisson, a tension spring is embedded in the top end of the pull rod, and the top end of the tension spring is tightly sleeved and matched with the bottom center groove of the sampling cylinder.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a partition plate is arranged in the middle part of the caisson and at the lower part of the caisson, the caisson is layered into an upper layer and a lower layer which are respectively a ventilation cavity and a water collecting cavity, the ventilation cavity is movably sleeved with the sampling cylinder, and the water inlet is positioned on the inner wall of the water collecting cavity.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the outer wall of the caisson is inserted with a vent pipe communicated with the vent cavity, and the top end of the vent pipe extends to the upper part of the buoyancy tank and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the buoyancy tank.
As the further improvement of this technical scheme, the bottom of pull rod has cup jointed a pair of regulation pole that is the L type, and the minor face is the circular arc pole and a pair of circular arc pole and caisson inner wall match cup joint, the circular arc pole of regulation pole is the level with the position of water inlet and aligns, and the thickness of circular arc pole is greater than the water inlet height.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
This a plankton sampling device for water ecology investigation aassessment is filled with bait through the buoyancy tank that sets up for attract the plankton that moves back, and set up the caisson that slowly sinks after touching water, and drive the sampling tube and descend, when waiting that the sampling tube upper port touches water, plankton has gathered up and is collected in pouring into the sampling tube along with rivers, when overflow chamber bottom water inflow then can go up the linkage circle and rise and until the protrusion surface of water and cut off the self-filling of rivers, also avoid the escape of plankton, make regional plankton's sampling accuracy obtain improving.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, proportional sizes, and the like of the respective components in the drawings are merely illustrative for aiding in understanding the present invention, and are not particularly limited. Those skilled in the art with access to the teachings of the present invention can select a variety of possible shapes and scale sizes to practice the present invention as the case may be.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall sampling state of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembled cross-sectional view of the buoyancy can and cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a full cross-sectional view of a cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a full section view of the buoyancy tank of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a split view of the seal ring of the present invention;
figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the caisson of the present invention.
The meaning of each reference sign in the figure is:
100. A buoyancy tank; 101. a storage cavity; 102. a sleeve cavity; 103. a limiting table; 104. a water overflow cavity; 105. perforating; 106. an overflow port; 107. a material placing port;
110. sealing rings; 111. a communication groove; 120. a floating rod; 121. a jack; 130. a clamping piece; 131. a clamping block; 140. a mesh sheet; 150. sleeving blocks;
200. a caisson; 201. a water collecting cavity; 202. a ventilation chamber; 203. a water inlet; 204. hanging a table; 210. a pull rod; 211. a tension spring; 220. a vent pipe; 230. an adjusting rod;
300. A sampling cylinder; 301. a communication hole; 310. and a linkage ring.
Detailed Description
The details of the invention will be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and description of specific embodiments of the invention. The specific embodiments of the invention described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Given the teachings of the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the related art will contemplate any possible modification based on the present invention, and such should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention. The terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, as they may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
The terms "central axis," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, in the description of the invention, the meaning of "a number" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1-11, the invention provides a plankton sampling device for water ecological investigation and evaluation, which comprises a floating box 100 with a truncated cone structure, wherein a submerged caisson 200 is sleeved on a central shaft of the floating box 100, and a sampling cylinder 300 for collecting water after the caisson 200 descends to the water surface is sleeved in the caisson 200; buoyancy generated by the buoyancy tank 100 is utilized to hold the caisson 200 and the sampling cylinder 300 below the water surface, so that plankton gathered at the periphery of the buoyancy tank 100 enters the sampled and collected along with the water filling into the sampling cylinder 300; a plurality of hanging rings are arranged at the edge of the top surface of the buoyancy tank 100 at equal intervals and are used for hanging the buoyancy tank 100 for lifting and receiving;
The top of the buoyancy tank 100 and be close to the inside of its outer lane and offered and be annular storage chamber 101, a plurality of storage mouths 107 that run through the buoyancy tank 100 top surface have been offered to the top surface of storage chamber 101, and the storage chamber 101 intussuseption is filled with bait for dissolve into the aquatic and distribute taste and attract the plankton that is driven out, the inside joint of storage mouths 107 has net piece 140 for the bait slowly looses from net piece 140's mesh, avoids the bait to spread out fast.
Further, a sleeve cavity 102 is formed in the middle of the floating box 100, an annular overflow cavity 104 is formed in the top surface of the floating box 100, the inner diameter of the overflow cavity 104 is larger than that of the sleeve cavity 102, and a plurality of overflow ports 106 communicated with the overflow cavity 104 are formed in the inner wall of the sleeve cavity 102;
The outside of the top of the sampling tube 300 is provided with a linkage ring 310 sleeved with the overflow cavity 104, the linkage ring 310 of the sampling tube 300 in the water is sleeved into the overflow cavity 104, when water enters from the bottom of the overflow cavity 104, the linkage ring 310 can be lifted up until the water protrudes out of the water surface to separate the self-filling of water flow, and the escape of plankton is avoided; the inner part of the overflow cavity 104 is sleeved with a sealing ring 110 which can seal the overflow cavity, when the linkage ring 310 does not drop into the overflow cavity 104, the overflow cavity 104 is sealed by the sealing ring 110, so that too much water is prevented from entering and difficult to be discharged rapidly; after the sampling tube 300 descends along with the caisson 200, the linkage ring 310 presses the sealing ring 110 to discharge the water in the water overflow cavity 104, and the water is discharged from the overflow ports 106;
Further, the caisson 200 is cylindrical, and the outer walls of the middle and upper parts of the caisson are annular equidistant openings for timely drainage; the outer wall of the top end of the caisson 200 is provided with an annular hanging table 204, the inner wall of the bottom end of the trepanning cavity 102 is provided with a limiting table 103, the hanging table 204 is movably sleeved with the trepanning cavity 102, and the caisson 200 is movably sleeved with the limiting table 103, so that the caisson 200 is limited by the limiting table 103 after sinking; water inlets 203 are formed on two sides of the bottom of the caisson 200 and are used for sinking water; the inner wall of the top of the sampling tube 300 and below the linkage ring 310 is provided with a plurality of communication holes 301 for guiding the water flow inside the sampling tube 300 to the outside, namely the residual space of the trepanning cavity 102 and the inside of the overflow cavity 104, so that the linkage ring 310 can be reversely jacked, and the sampling tube 300 floats to the water surface to block the water flow and retain the collected plankton.
Further, the bottom of the sampling tube 300 is elastically connected with the caisson 200; the bottom center hole of the caisson 200 is sleeved with a pull rod 210, the top end of the pull rod 210 is embedded with a tension spring 211, and the top end of the tension spring 211 is tightly sleeved with a bottom center groove of the sampling tube 300; so that the caisson 200 can drive the sampling tube 300 to descend when sinking, and the sampling tube 300 can be elastically pulled away from the caisson 200 when the top water flow is lifted;
a partition board is arranged in the middle part of the caisson 200 and is arranged at the lower part, the caisson 200 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively a ventilation cavity 202 and a water collecting cavity 201, the ventilation cavity 202 is movably sleeved with the sampling cylinder 300, and the water inlet 203 is positioned on the inner wall of the water collecting cavity 201; the outer wall of the caisson 200 is inserted with a vent pipe 220 communicated with the vent cavity 202, and the top end of the vent pipe 220 extends to the upper part of the buoyancy tank 100 and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the buoyancy tank 100; since the bottom of the sampling tube 300 is sleeved with the upper part of the caisson 200, namely the ventilation cavity 202, stable air pressure is required in the interior of the sampling tube, so that the sampling tube 300 can be smoothly lifted.
Specifically, a plurality of communication grooves 111 are formed between the top surface and the inner wall of the sealing ring 110, and when the sealing ring 110 is pressed to the bottom of the overflow cavity 104 by the linkage ring 310, the transverse outlet of the communication groove 111 is opposite to the overflow port 106; when the seal ring 110 is pressed to the bottom of the overflow cavity 104 by the linkage ring 310, water flows out from the communication hole 301, enters the communication groove 111 from the overflow port 106, and overflows from the upper port of the communication groove 111, so that the linkage ring 310 is lifted.
Specifically, the bottom surface of the sealing ring 110 is symmetrically provided with a floating rod 120, the bottom surface of the overflow cavity 104 is symmetrically provided with a perforation 105, the floating rod 120 is spliced with the perforation 105, the bottom end of the floating rod 120 is sleeved with a round block, and when the sealing ring 110 floats to the top surface of the overflow cavity 104, the round block touches the bottom surface of the buoyancy tank 100, so that the limiting sealing ring 110 cannot float and slip;
the middle part of the side surface of the floating rod 120 is provided with an inserting hole 121, when the sealing ring 110 stays at the bottom of the overflow cavity 104, the inserting hole 121 is completely exposed out of the bottom surface of the floating box 100, the bottom inclined surface of the floating box 100 is symmetrically provided with a sleeve block 150, and a clamping piece 130 for limiting the sealing ring 110 to stay at the bottom of the overflow cavity 104 is tightly sleeved in the sleeve block 150; the clamping piece 130 is made of PP material into a Z-shaped structure, the upper end of the clamping piece is sleeved with the sleeve block 150, and the lower end of the clamping piece is provided with a clamping block 131 which is clamped with the jack 121, so that the sealing ring 110 is limited at the bottom of the water overflow cavity 104; after the sampling is finished, the buoyancy tank 100 is taken out from the water, and the clamping block 131 is separated from the jack 121 by outwards stirring the clamping piece 130, so that the sealing ring 110 can be released, and the upper port of the water overflow cavity 104 is sealed by floating when the buoyancy tank 100 touches the water next time.
Further, the bottom of the pull rod 210 is sleeved with a pair of L-shaped adjusting rods 230, the short sides of the adjusting rods are arc rods, the pair of arc rods are matched and sleeved with the inner wall of the caisson 200, the arc rods of the adjusting rods 230 are horizontally aligned with the water inlet 203, and the thickness of the arc rods is larger than the height of the water inlet 203; the arc rod of the adjusting rod 230 is used for adjusting the size of the water inlet 203, so that the water inlet sinking speed of the caisson 200 is controlled, and time is provided for the floating box 100 to overflow the bait to attract plankton.
When the plankton sampling device for water ecology investigation and evaluation is used, the buoyancy tank 100 filled with bait is placed in water to float, then the caisson 200 falls into the sleeve cavity 102 to sink into water until the top end of the sampling cylinder 300 is driven to fall under the water surface, water collection and floating plankton flow back in the sampling cylinder 300 until reaching the height of the communication hole 301, overflows from the communication hole and flows into a gap reserved in the sleeve cavity 102, and flows into the overflow cavity 104 from a plurality of overflow ports 106 to lift the linkage ring 310 to protrude out of the water surface, so that continuous water filling is stopped, and sampling is completed at the same time.
It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.