技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及配电系统多目标优化技术领域，特别涉及了一种配电系统的运行模拟方法。The invention relates to the technical field of multi-objective optimization of power distribution systems, and in particular to an operation simulation method of a power distribution system.
背景技术Background technique
构建起以新能源为主体“网元共享、数字高弹、智慧共融”的新型电力系统，建设清洁低碳、安全高效的现代智慧能源体系是全力推进节能减排举措的有力保证。随着新能源产业的快速发展，风电场和光伏电站的时序运行模拟及其在电力系统评估、规划和运行中的应用成为研究焦点。电力系统时序运行模拟作为评价系统生产成本和可靠性的重要工具，考虑新能源发电的时序性和随机性影响是十分必要的。Constructing a new power system with new energy as the main body, "network element sharing, digital high elasticity, and intelligent integration", and building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern smart energy system is a strong guarantee for fully promoting energy conservation and emission reduction measures. With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the sequential operation simulation of wind farms and photovoltaic power plants and their application in power system assessment, planning and operation have become the focus of research. As an important tool for evaluating system production costs and reliability, power system timing operation simulation is very necessary to consider the timing and random effects of new energy power generation.
但风电和光伏发电都具有一定的随机性和波动性，新能源的波动性和不确定性会需要一部分常规机组处于备用状态以满足负荷的需求，从而增加常规机组的环境成本和燃料成本。另外，风电和光伏发电也具有自身的特性，风力发电具有明显的反调峰特性，这会导致净负荷的峰谷差增大；光伏发电功率从日出开始到中午时段呈现上升趋势，从中午到日落时段则呈现下降趋势，而在夜间光伏发电功率为零。However, both wind power and photovoltaic power generation have a certain degree of randomness and volatility. The volatility and uncertainty of new energy sources will require some conventional units to be in standby state to meet load demand, thus increasing the environmental and fuel costs of conventional units. In addition, wind power and photovoltaic power generation also have their own characteristics. Wind power generation has obvious anti-peak characteristics, which will lead to an increase in the peak-valley difference of net load; photovoltaic power generation shows an upward trend from sunrise to noon, and from noon It shows a downward trend during the sunset period, and the photovoltaic power generation is zero at night.
且目前时序运行模拟中对风电场的处理主要为两类，一类是将风电出力视为负值负荷去修正原始负荷得到净负荷，另一类是把风电场等效转化为常规多状态机组参与时序运行模拟。时序运行模拟中同样可将光伏电场视作多状态机组或负值负荷。随着配电系统中分布式电源的增多，使得配电系统结构的复杂性加大，同时新型配电网系统的优化问题难度增强。由于能源互联网中的问题属于复杂的、多目标的问题，而传统的对于解决单目标问题的方法已经不能够有效的解决此类的优化问题，因此需要一种配电系统的运行模拟方法，实现多目标配电系统的优化。There are currently two types of processing of wind farms in time series operation simulations. One is to treat wind power output as a negative load to correct the original load to obtain the net load, and the other is to equivalently convert the wind farm into a conventional multi-state unit. Participate in timing run simulations. The photovoltaic electric field can also be regarded as a multi-state unit or a negative load in the time series operation simulation. With the increase of distributed power sources in the distribution system, the complexity of the distribution system structure has increased, and the optimization problem of the new distribution network system has become more difficult. Since the problems in the Energy Internet are complex and multi-objective problems, and traditional methods for solving single-objective problems are no longer able to effectively solve such optimization problems, an operation simulation method for the distribution system is needed to achieve Optimization of multi-objective power distribution systems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中存在的时序运行模拟进行配电系统优化针对简单的单目标问题，无法解决现有配电系统复杂的、多目标优化的问题，提供了一种配电系统的运行模拟方法，把智能多目标优化算法的寻优机制与多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术本身所具有的特点进行结合，实现多目标配电系统优化最优决策，有助于形成具有高经济性、低缺电率、高环保性的“元胞-电网”协同新型县域配电系统，促进坚强智能配电网的建立。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the existing technology of timing operation simulation to optimize the power distribution system. Aiming at simple single-objective problems and being unable to solve the complex and multi-objective optimization problems of the existing power distribution system, a power distribution system is provided. The operation simulation method combines the optimization mechanism of the intelligent multi-objective optimization algorithm with the characteristics of the multi-time-scale timing operation simulation technology itself to achieve the optimal decision-making for multi-objective distribution system optimization, which helps to form a highly economical , low power shortage rate and high environmental protection "cell-grid" cooperate with the new county power distribution system to promote the establishment of a strong smart distribution network.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种配电系统的运行模拟方法，包括下列步骤：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an operation simulation method of a power distribution system, including the following steps:
S1：针对配电系统需求，对城乡网元的多能负荷运行特性进行分析；S1: Based on the needs of the power distribution system, analyze the multi-energy load operation characteristics of urban and rural network elements;
S2：对城乡网元内各类多能耦合设备参与时序模拟的物理经济参数进行分析，建立城乡网元时序运行模拟模块；S2: Analyze the physical and economic parameters of various multi-energy coupling devices in urban and rural network elements participating in timing simulation, and establish a timing simulation module for urban and rural network elements;
S3：以提高计算精度、降低时间复杂度为目标构建多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，进行多目标规划方案运行模拟；S3: Build multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology with the goal of improving calculation accuracy and reducing time complexity, and conduct multi-objective planning scheme operation simulation;
S4：结合城乡智慧配电系统多维评价指标评估多目标规划方案，获取不同应用场景下配电系统的多目标规划方案最优决策方法。S4: Evaluate multi-objective planning solutions based on multi-dimensional evaluation indicators of urban and rural smart power distribution systems, and obtain optimal decision-making methods for multi-objective planning solutions for power distribution systems under different application scenarios.
本发明通过考虑多能需求侧响应能力的县域元胞单元时序运行模拟模块以及多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，构建以电力主干网为电能输配主动脉，多能耦合元胞能量单元为载体的网元共享型新型电网形态，可以缓解由于新能源就地消纳和多能协同带来的一系列稳定性问题。同时把智能多目标优化算法的寻优机制与多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术本身所具有的特点进行结合，实现多目标配电系统优化最优决策，有助于形成具有高经济性、低缺电率、高环保性的“元胞-电网”协同新型县域配电系统，促进坚强智能配电网的建立。By taking into account the multi-energy demand side response capability of the county cell unit timing operation simulation module and the multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology, the present invention constructs a system with the power backbone network as the power transmission and distribution aorta and the multi-energy coupling cell energy unit as the carrier. The new grid form of network element sharing can alleviate a series of stability problems caused by on-site consumption of new energy and multi-energy collaboration. At the same time, the optimization mechanism of the intelligent multi-objective optimization algorithm is combined with the characteristics of the multi-time-scale timing operation simulation technology itself to realize the optimal decision-making of multi-objective power distribution system optimization, which helps to form a highly economical, low power shortage The efficient and environmentally friendly "cell-grid" cooperates with the new county power distribution system to promote the establishment of a strong smart distribution network.
作为优选，所述步骤S2进一步包括：Preferably, step S2 further includes:
S2.1：将“能源元胞”作为虚拟电厂考虑可控负荷的调控特性，分析“能源元胞”中的储能设备与功能设备的灵活特性及耦合关系，结合配电系统负荷需求和电力市场价格机制，计算城市“能源元胞”参与时序运行模拟的参数；S2.1: Use the "energy cell" as a virtual power plant to consider the regulation characteristics of the controllable load, analyze the flexible characteristics and coupling relationship of the energy storage equipment and functional equipment in the "energy cell", and combine the distribution system load demand and power The market price mechanism calculates the parameters for the city's "energy cells" to participate in the time series operation simulation;
S2.2：在城市能源元胞层的资源特征和运行模拟参数基础上，建立考虑多能需求侧响应的能源元胞时序运行模拟模块。S2.2: Based on the resource characteristics and operation simulation parameters of the urban energy cell layer, establish an energy cell timing operation simulation module that considers multi-energy demand side response.
基于城乡形态单元内“能源元胞”的多能负荷用能特性分析结果，结合单元内设备的灵活运行特性，计算城乡数字能源元胞参与时序运行模拟的参数； 结合城乡能源元胞层的资源特性和运行模拟参数，建立考虑多能需求侧响应的能源元胞时序运行仿真机制。Based on the analysis results of multi-energy load energy consumption characteristics of "energy cells" in urban and rural morphological units, combined with the flexible operating characteristics of the equipment in the unit, the parameters for urban and rural digital energy cells to participate in the time series operation simulation are calculated; combined with the resources of the urban and rural energy cell layer characteristics and operation simulation parameters, and establish an energy cell timing operation simulation mechanism that considers multi-energy demand side response.
作为优选，所述步骤S3进一步包括：基于城乡新型电力系统形态下网元内“能源元胞群”的资源特征和运行特性，结合多时间尺度下时序运行模拟的约束条件，分析“能源元胞群”在约束条件下由于配电系统灵活性带来的自主调节能力，分析运行模拟模块内不同的时空颗粒度对于时序运行模拟的影响，提出具有高计算精度、低时间复杂度的多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术。Preferably, the step S3 further includes: based on the resource characteristics and operating characteristics of the "energy cell group" within the network element under the new urban and rural power system form, combined with the constraints of the timing operation simulation at multiple time scales, analyzing the "energy cell group" "Group" has the ability to autonomously adjust due to the flexibility of the power distribution system under constrained conditions. It analyzes the impact of different spatio-temporal granularities in the operation simulation module on the timing operation simulation, and proposes a multi-time scale with high calculation accuracy and low time complexity. Sequential run simulation technology.
作为优选，所述步骤S1进一步包括：Preferably, step S1 further includes:
针对城乡形态单元内能源元胞的参数以及用能特性，分析不同供电类型“能源元胞”的运行特性；Analyze the operating characteristics of "energy cells" of different power supply types based on the parameters and energy consumption characteristics of energy cells in urban and rural morphological units;
利用长期积累的用户用电信息分析需求侧“能源元胞”在时-空维度的性质；Use the long-term accumulation of user electricity consumption information to analyze the properties of the demand-side "energy cells" in the time-space dimension;
选取用于供电的主要设备，分别对不同供电设备在夏季和冬季的运行情况进行分析，确定供电设备耦合关系。Select the main equipment used for power supply, analyze the operation conditions of different power supply equipment in summer and winter, and determine the coupling relationship of power supply equipment.
能源元胞的参数包括建筑设计参数和属性参数，用户用电信息包括用户用电设备构成、用电时间、用电可调节能力、价格敏感性等复合信息。The parameters of the energy cell include building design parameters and attribute parameters, and the user's electricity consumption information includes composite information such as the composition of the user's electricity equipment, electricity consumption time, electricity consumption adjustability, price sensitivity, etc.
作为优选，所述多目标规划方案运行模拟包括：生成不同的分布式电源接入场景，结合分布式电源的不同出力场景、负荷时序特性以及峰谷分时电价，综合配电系统多目标，结合约束条件，建立多目标规划模型；采用非支配排序遗传算法获得最优解集，得到多目标规划方案。As a preferred option, the multi-objective planning scheme operation simulation includes: generating different distributed power supply access scenarios, combining different output scenarios of distributed power sources, load timing characteristics and peak and valley time-of-use electricity prices, integrating multiple objectives of the power distribution system, and combining Constraints are used to establish a multi-objective programming model; a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal solution set and a multi-objective planning scheme is obtained.
约束条件包括潮流约束，电源安装容量约束以及储能设备容量约束。Constraints include power flow constraints, power supply installation capacity constraints and energy storage equipment capacity constraints.
作为优选，所述生成不同的分布式电源接入场景包括：Preferably, generating different distributed power supply access scenarios includes:
对配电系统包括风电、光伏在内的分布式电源以及负荷水平按照季节进行分类；Classify distributed power sources, including wind power and photovoltaics, and load levels in the power distribution system according to seasons;
基于高斯核函数的FKCM聚类算法对不同季节的分布式电源分别进行聚类，得到不同季节下不同供能系统的典型日期；The FKCM clustering algorithm based on Gaussian kernel function clusters distributed power sources in different seasons to obtain typical dates of different energy supply systems in different seasons;
同一季节下仅考虑一种负荷典型日期，对同一季节下的分布式电源典型日期以及负荷典型日期进行组合，得到该季节下的分布式电源接入场景；Only one load typical date is considered in the same season, and the distributed power supply typical date and load typical date in the same season are combined to obtain the distributed power supply access scenario in the season;
基于各个分布式电源接入场景的概率分布，在每个季节下进行场景缩减，得到最终分布式电源接入场景。Based on the probability distribution of each distributed power supply access scenario, the scenarios are reduced in each season to obtain the final distributed power supply access scenario.
负荷和分布式电源在不同季节不同时段会有明显差异，若不考虑时序特征，则对配电系统分布式电源容量规划会产生一定偏差。负荷和分布式电源处理的时序特性对分布式电源容量规划影响显著，考虑时序特性更符合实际，规划结果更优岚切配电系统功率损耗也随负荷和分布式电源的时序特性而出现季节性、时段性，考虑时序特性使配电系统经济性峰高。Loads and distributed power sources will have obvious differences in different seasons and time periods. If timing characteristics are not considered, there will be certain deviations in the distributed power supply capacity planning of the distribution system. The timing characteristics of load and distributed power processing have a significant impact on distributed power capacity planning. Considering the timing characteristics is more realistic and the planning results will be better. The power loss of Lanqie distribution system also appears seasonally according to the timing characteristics of load and distributed power. , periodicity, considering the timing characteristics to make the economic peak of the power distribution system higher.
作为优选，所述步骤S4进一步包括：Preferably, step S4 further includes:
S4.1：综合考虑智慧数字城乡能源互联网多维评价指标，基于多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，评估步骤S3模拟的多目标规划方案；S4.1: Comprehensively consider the multi-dimensional evaluation indicators of the smart digital urban and rural energy Internet, and evaluate the multi-objective planning scheme simulated in step S3 based on multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology;
S4.2：根据多目标规划方案的评估结果，获取满足新型配电系统形态下的不同应用场景下的多目标规划方案最优决策方法。S4.2: Based on the evaluation results of the multi-objective planning scheme, obtain the optimal decision-making method for the multi-objective planning scheme that satisfies different application scenarios under the new power distribution system form.
为了评估不同场景下的能源互联网灵活性规划方法，综合考虑城市能源互联网安全、独立、可靠、高效、经济等多维评价指标，结合多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，权衡比较本发明提出的不同规划方案；基于多目标规划理论，统筹考虑系统可靠性指标（电量不足概率、电力不足期望值）、经济性指标（系统静态成本、动态成本、新能源弃电成本和需求响应补贴成本）以及环保性指标等规划目标，结合不同应用场景下的约束条件，形成满足新型电力系统形态下的县域“城乡无差别”网元共享的高弹性新型智慧电网框架内不同应用场景下的最优决策方案。In order to evaluate the energy Internet flexibility planning methods in different scenarios, multi-dimensional evaluation indicators such as urban energy Internet security, independence, reliability, efficiency, and economy are comprehensively considered, combined with multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology, and the different planning schemes proposed by the present invention are weighed and compared. ;Based on multi-objective programming theory, overall consideration is given to system reliability indicators (probability of power shortage, expected value of power shortage), economic indicators (system static cost, dynamic cost, new energy power abandonment cost and demand response subsidy cost) and environmental protection indicators, etc. The planning objectives, combined with the constraints in different application scenarios, form optimal decision-making solutions under different application scenarios within the framework of a highly elastic new smart grid that satisfies the "undifferentiated urban and rural" network element sharing in counties under the new power system form.
作为优选，所述步骤S4.1进一步包括：Preferably, step S4.1 further includes:
S4.1.1：基于电网规划与运行指标，结合配电系统可行技术增设技术发展性指标，构建完整的指标体系；S4.1.1: Based on the power grid planning and operation indicators, combined with the feasible technology of the distribution system, add technical development indicators to build a complete indicator system;
S4.1.2：构造评价指标样本矩阵，对矩阵中的指标进行归一化处理，获取各指标权重；S4.1.2: Construct a sample matrix of evaluation indicators, normalize the indicators in the matrix, and obtain the weight of each indicator;
S4.1.3：对指标进行分类，并对指标进行规范化，分析多目标规划方案的特点，对不同的多目标规划方案采用相对应的指标评估方法进行评估。S4.1.3: Classify and standardize indicators, analyze the characteristics of multi-objective planning solutions, and use corresponding indicator evaluation methods to evaluate different multi-objective planning solutions.
因此，本发明具有如下有益效果：Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、把智能多目标优化算法的寻优机制与多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术本身所具有的特点进行结合，实现多目标配电系统优化最优决策，确定考虑不同功能单元特性的配电系统最优规划方案，提高新型配电系统能源的综合利用效率，保证城市能源元胞群和城市功能单元的高效与精细规划，有助于形成具有高经济性、低缺电率、高环保性的“元胞-电网”协同新型配电系统，促进坚强智能配电网的建立；1. Combine the optimization mechanism of the intelligent multi-objective optimization algorithm with the characteristics of the multi-time-scale timing operation simulation technology itself to achieve the optimal decision-making for multi-objective distribution system optimization and determine the optimal distribution system considering the characteristics of different functional units. Optimize planning solutions, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of new power distribution system energy, ensure efficient and precise planning of urban energy cell groups and urban functional units, and help form a "high economy, low power shortage rate, and high environmental protection" Cell-grid" collaborates with the new distribution system to promote the establishment of a strong smart distribution network;
2、通过考虑多能需求侧响应能力的县域元胞单元时序运行模拟模块以及多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，构建以电力主干网为电能输配主动脉，多能耦合元胞能量单元为载体的网元共享型新型电网形态，缓解由于新能源就地消纳和多能协同带来的一系列稳定性问题；2. By considering the multi-energy demand side response capability of the county cell unit timing operation simulation module and the multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology, a power grid is constructed as the main artery of power transmission and distribution, and the multi-energy coupling cellular energy unit is the carrier. The new power grid form of shared network elements alleviates a series of stability problems caused by on-site consumption of new energy and multi-energy collaboration;
3、适用于大规模新能源接入下的新型配电系统，可以为建设“元胞-电网”协同的新型配电系统建设提供解决方案。3. The new power distribution system is suitable for large-scale new energy access and can provide solutions for the construction of new power distribution systems with "cell-grid" coordination.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明方法的步骤流程图。Figure 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention.
图2为本发明方法的技术路线流程图。Figure 2 is a technical route flow chart of the method of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
实施例一：Example 1:
如图1所示的实施例中，可以看到一种配电系统的运行模拟方法，其操作流程为：步骤一，针对配电系统需求，对城乡网元的多能负荷运行特性进行分析；步骤二，对城乡网元内各类多能耦合设备参与时序模拟的物理经济参数进行分析，建立城乡网元时序运行模拟模块；步骤三，以提高计算精度、降低时间复杂度为目标构建多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，进行多目标规划方案运行模拟；步骤四，结合城乡智慧配电系统多维评价指标评估多目标规划方案，获取不同应用场景下配电系统的多目标规划方案最优决策方法。As shown in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, we can see an operation simulation method of a power distribution system. The operation process is: Step 1, based on the needs of the power distribution system, analyze the multi-energy load operation characteristics of urban and rural network elements; Step 2: Analyze the physical and economic parameters of various multi-energy coupling devices in urban and rural network elements participating in timing simulation, and establish a timing simulation module for urban and rural network elements; Step 3: Build a multi-time simulation module with the goal of improving calculation accuracy and reducing time complexity. Scale timing operation simulation technology is used to simulate the operation of multi-objective planning solutions; the fourth step is to evaluate the multi-objective planning solutions based on the multi-dimensional evaluation indicators of urban and rural smart distribution systems to obtain the optimal decision-making method for multi-objective planning solutions for power distribution systems under different application scenarios.
本申请针对网元共享型配电网，网元共享配电网更强调元胞单元的自治以及通过网元协同控制，达到高效可靠的目的，不强调元胞之间较强的电气连接。且网元共享配电网通过建设较为坚强的主干网实现跨区的互联互济，通过元胞的自治运行、元-元协同、网-元协同等手段提高供电可靠性和运行经济性，更符合广大的城乡配电网推广应用。“网”指的是以电力为主体的能量输送网络，包括高压主干输送网和中低压配用电网；“元”指的是多能耦合、多元异构、自主可控的中压元胞和低压元胞单元，具体低压元胞是最基础单元是能源高效利用的重要载体，进行“城乡无差别”新型县域配电系统灵活性规划，是实现低碳绿色城市的先决条件，具有重要意义。This application is aimed at a network element shared distribution network. The network element shared distribution network emphasizes the autonomy of the cell units and the collaborative control of the network elements to achieve efficient and reliable purposes, and does not emphasize the strong electrical connections between cells. In addition, the network element shared distribution network achieves cross-regional interconnection and mutual benefit by building a relatively strong backbone network, and improves power supply reliability and operation economy through autonomous operation of cells, element-element collaboration, network-element collaboration and other means, and more It is in line with the promotion and application of urban and rural distribution networks. “Network” refers to the energy transmission network with electricity as the main body, including high-voltage trunk transmission network and medium- and low-voltage distribution network; “element” refers to multi-energy coupling, multi-heterogeneous, autonomous and controllable medium-voltage cells. and low-voltage cellular units. Specifically, low-voltage cells are the most basic units and an important carrier of efficient energy utilization. Flexible planning of a new county-wide power distribution system with "no distinction between urban and rural areas" is a prerequisite for realizing a low-carbon green city and is of great significance. .
通过考虑多能需求侧响应能力的县域元胞单元时序运行模拟模块以及多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，构建以电力主干网为电能输配主动脉，多能耦合元胞能量单元为载体的网元共享型新型电网形态，可以缓解由于新能源就地消纳和多能协同带来的一系列稳定性问题。同时把智能多目标优化算法的寻优机制与多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术本身所具有的特点进行结合，实现多目标配电系统优化最优决策，有助于形成具有高经济性、低缺电率、高环保性的“元胞-电网”协同新型县域配电系统，促进坚强智能配电网的建立。By considering the multi-energy demand side response capability of the county cell unit timing operation simulation module and the multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology, a network element is constructed with the power backbone network as the power transmission and distribution aorta and the multi-energy coupling cellular energy unit as the carrier. The new shared grid form can alleviate a series of stability problems caused by on-site consumption of new energy and multi-energy collaboration. At the same time, the optimization mechanism of the intelligent multi-objective optimization algorithm is combined with the characteristics of the multi-time-scale timing operation simulation technology itself to realize the optimal decision-making of multi-objective power distribution system optimization, which helps to form a highly economical, low power shortage The efficient and environmentally friendly "cell-grid" cooperates with the new county power distribution system to promote the establishment of a strong smart distribution network.
实施例二：Example 2:
本实施例在实施例一的基础上，进一步说明本申请的技术方案。This embodiment further illustrates the technical solution of the present application on the basis of Embodiment 1.
如图2所示，本实施例中，技术路线为：多能负荷运行特性分析→时序运行模拟参数→网元内“能源元胞”时序运行仿真模块→元胞群自主调节能力分析→仿真颗粒度对结果的影响→提出高效的时序运行模拟技术→评估多场景规划方案→研究多规划方案的最优决策方法→构建包括数据处理、模型构建、算法求解、结果评估在内的平台核心功能模块→结合实际情况，对得到的多目标规划方案最优决策方法进行验证。As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the technical route is: analysis of multi-energy load operation characteristics → timing operation simulation parameters → "energy cell" timing operation simulation module in the network element → analysis of the autonomous adjustment capability of the cell group → simulation particles The influence of degree on the results → Propose efficient time-series operation simulation technology → Evaluate multi-scenario planning solutions → Study the optimal decision-making method of multiple planning solutions → Build core functional modules of the platform including data processing, model construction, algorithm solving, and result evaluation →Based on the actual situation, verify the optimal decision-making method of the multi-objective planning scheme obtained.
具体的：specific:
第一步：针对配电系统需求，对城乡网元的多能负荷运行特性进行分析。The first step: Analyze the multi-energy load operation characteristics of urban and rural network elements based on the needs of the power distribution system.
针对城乡形态单元内能源元胞的建筑设计参数和属性参数、用能特性等，分析不同供电类型“能源元胞”的运行特性；利用长期积累的用户用电设备构成、用电时间、用电可调节能力、价格敏感性等复合信息研究需求侧“能源元胞”在时-空维度的性质；选取用于供电的主要设备，分别对不同供电设备在夏季和冬季的运行情况进行分析，确定供电设备耦合关系。Based on the architectural design parameters, attribute parameters, energy consumption characteristics, etc. of energy cells in urban and rural morphological units, analyze the operating characteristics of "energy cells" of different power supply types; use the long-term accumulation of user power equipment composition, power consumption time, power consumption, etc. Composite information such as adjustability and price sensitivity studies the properties of demand-side "energy cells" in the space-time dimension; selects the main equipment used for power supply, analyzes the operation of different power supply equipment in summer and winter, and determines Power supply equipment coupling relationship.
第二步：对城乡网元内各类多能耦合设备参与时序模拟的物理经济参数进行分析，建立城乡网元时序运行模拟模块。Step 2: Analyze the physical and economic parameters of various multi-energy coupling devices in urban and rural network elements participating in timing simulation, and establish a timing simulation module for urban and rural network elements.
时序模拟是一种通过优化发电机组的生产情况，考虑机组的随即故障及电力负荷的随机性，从而同时计算出最优运行方式下各电厂的发电量、系统的生产成本及系统的可靠性指标的算法。广泛应用于电力系统的成本分析、发展和运行规划以及可靠性评估等方面。目前，电力系统时序模拟的核心问题仍是高效、精确的卷积算法，为提高电力系统模拟的计算精度和计算速度，主要采用的随机生产模拟方法有分段直线逼近法、半不变量法、快速傅里叶级数法及等效电量函数法等。Sequence simulation is a method of optimizing the production conditions of the generator set, taking into account the random failure of the unit and the randomness of the power load, thereby simultaneously calculating the power generation of each power plant, the production cost of the system, and the reliability index of the system under the optimal operating mode. algorithm. It is widely used in cost analysis, development and operation planning, and reliability assessment of power systems. At present, the core issue of power system timing simulation is still the efficient and accurate convolution algorithm. In order to improve the calculation accuracy and calculation speed of power system simulation, the main stochastic production simulation methods used include piecewise linear approximation method, semi-invariant method, Fast Fourier series method and equivalent electric charge function method, etc.
本实施例通过分析城乡形态单元内“能源元胞”的多能负荷用能特性，并基于单元内风电、光伏、联供网络、储能等设备的灵活运行特性，计算城乡数字能源元胞参与时序运行模拟的参数；结合城乡能源元胞层的资源特性和运行模拟参数，建立考虑多能需求侧响应的能源元胞时序运行仿真模块。This embodiment analyzes the multi-energy load energy consumption characteristics of "energy cells" in urban and rural units, and calculates the participation of urban and rural digital energy cells based on the flexible operating characteristics of wind power, photovoltaic, joint supply network, energy storage and other equipment in the unit. Parameters for time series operation simulation; combined with the resource characteristics and operation simulation parameters of urban and rural energy cell layers, establish an energy cell time series operation simulation module that considers multi-energy demand side response.
具体的：specific:
1、将“能源元胞”作为特殊形式的“电源”即虚拟电厂来考虑可控负荷的调控特性，考虑“能源元胞”中的储能系统、分布式电源、联供网络的灵活特性及耦合关系，结合配电系统负荷需求和电力市场价格机制，计算城市“能源元胞”参与时序运行模拟的参数，其中包括负荷峰谷差率、负荷率，火电机组最小开停机时间约束、最小出力约束，燃气机组日内启停调峰方式，风电模拟出力曲线，储能设备的最大电荷量、充放电功率约束等。1. Consider the "energy cell" as a special form of "power supply", that is, a virtual power plant, to consider the regulation characteristics of controllable loads, and consider the flexible characteristics of the energy storage system, distributed power supply, and joint supply network in the "energy cell". Coupling relationship, combined with the distribution system load demand and the electricity market price mechanism, calculates the parameters of the city's "energy cells" participating in the timing operation simulation, including the load peak-to-valley difference ratio, load factor, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints of thermal power units, and minimum output Constraints include daily start-stop peaking modes of gas units, simulated wind power output curves, maximum charge capacity of energy storage equipment, charging and discharging power constraints, etc.
2、在城市能源元胞层的资源特征和运行模拟参数基础上，建立考虑多能需求侧响应的能源元胞时序运行模拟模块。2. Based on the resource characteristics and operation simulation parameters of the urban energy cell layer, establish an energy cell timing operation simulation module that considers multi-energy demand side response.
第三步：以提高计算精度、降低时间复杂度为目标构建多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，进行多目标规划方案运行模拟。Step 3: Build multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology with the goal of improving calculation accuracy and reducing time complexity, and conduct multi-objective planning scheme operation simulation.
考虑城乡新型电力系统形态下网元内“能源元胞群”的资源特征和运行特性，结合多时间尺度下时序运行模拟的约束条件，分析具有自主调节能力的能源元胞群仿真时空颗粒度对于结果的影响，提出具有高计算精度、低时间复杂度的多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术。Considering the resource characteristics and operation characteristics of the "energy cell group" within the network element under the new urban and rural power system form, combined with the constraints of the timing operation simulation at multiple time scales, the spatiotemporal granularity of the energy cell group simulation with the ability to autonomously adjust is analyzed. Influence of the results, a multi-time-scale timing operation simulation technology with high calculation accuracy and low time complexity is proposed.
具体的：specific:
基于城乡新型配电系统形态下网元内“能源元胞群”的资源特征和运行特性，结合多时间尺度下时序运行模拟的约束条件，分析“能源元胞群”在约束条件下由于配电系统灵活性带来的自主调节能力，分析运行模拟模块内不同的时空颗粒度对于时序运行模拟的影响，得到具有高计算精度、低时间复杂度的多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术Based on the resource characteristics and operation characteristics of the "energy cell group" within the network element under the new urban and rural power distribution system, combined with the constraints of the timing operation simulation at multiple time scales, the analysis of the "energy cell group" due to power distribution under the constraint conditions The autonomous adjustment capability brought by system flexibility analyzes the impact of different spatiotemporal granularities in the operation simulation module on the timing operation simulation, and obtains a multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology with high calculation accuracy and low time complexity.
第四步：结合城乡智慧配电系统多维评价指标评估多目标规划方案，获取不同应用场景下配电系统的多目标规划方案最优决策方法。Step 4: Evaluate the multi-objective planning scheme based on the multi-dimensional evaluation indicators of urban and rural smart distribution systems, and obtain the optimal decision-making method for the multi-objective planning scheme of the power distribution system under different application scenarios.
为了评估不同场景下的能源互联网灵活性规划方法，综合考虑城市能源互联网安全、独立、可靠、高效、经济等多维评价指标，结合多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，权衡比较本发明提出的不同规划方案；基于多目标规划理论，统筹考虑系统可靠性指标（电量不足概率、电力不足期望值）、经济性指标（系统静态成本、动态成本、新能源弃电成本和需求响应补贴成本）以及环保性指标等规划目标，结合不同应用场景下的约束条件，形成满足新型电力系统形态下的县域“城乡无差别”网元共享的高弹性新型智慧电网框架内不同应用场景下的最优决策方案。In order to evaluate the energy Internet flexibility planning methods in different scenarios, multi-dimensional evaluation indicators such as urban energy Internet security, independence, reliability, efficiency, and economy are comprehensively considered, combined with multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology, and the different planning schemes proposed by the present invention are weighed and compared. ;Based on multi-objective programming theory, overall consideration is given to system reliability indicators (probability of power shortage, expected value of power shortage), economic indicators (system static cost, dynamic cost, new energy power abandonment cost and demand response subsidy cost) and environmental protection indicators, etc. The planning objectives, combined with the constraints in different application scenarios, form optimal decision-making solutions under different application scenarios within the framework of a highly elastic new smart grid that satisfies the "undifferentiated urban and rural" network element sharing in counties under the new power system form.
由于主动配电系统中的需求侧响应资源与分布式发电所具有的不确定性会影响各个指标的计算，因此对于主动配电系统规划，要结合其技术特征建立科学的评价指标的数学模型及计算方法。具体的：Since the uncertainty of demand-side response resources and distributed power generation in active distribution systems will affect the calculation of various indicators, for active distribution system planning, it is necessary to establish scientific mathematical models of evaluation indicators based on its technical characteristics and Calculation method. specific:
1、综合考虑智慧数字城乡能源互联网多维评价指标，基于多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，评估第三步模拟的多目标规划方案。1. Comprehensively consider the multi-dimensional evaluation indicators of the Smart Digital Urban and Rural Energy Internet, and evaluate the multi-objective planning scheme of the third step of simulation based on multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology.
基于电网规划与运行指标，结合配电系统可行技术增设技术发展性指标，构建完整的指标体系。在构建指标体系时，由于不同应用场景的规划方案特点和目标各有不同，可以在相同的规划和建设目标下评估多个多目标规划方案。同时明确不同应用场景对多目标规划方案不同的目标需求，构建多层、多级的需求体系。Based on the power grid planning and operation indicators, combined with the feasible technology of the power distribution system, technical development indicators are added to build a complete indicator system. When building an indicator system, since the characteristics and goals of planning plans in different application scenarios are different, multiple multi-objective planning plans can be evaluated under the same planning and construction goals. At the same time, it is clear that different application scenarios have different target requirements for multi-objective planning solutions, and a multi-layered and multi-level demand system is constructed.
本实施例采用熵权法确定指标权重，在对不同指标的计算值进行处理的基础上利用熵权法计算出熵权，从而确定指标权重。熵权法的计算过程包括：构造评价指标样本矩阵，对矩阵中的指标进行归一化处理，获取各指标权重。This embodiment uses the entropy weight method to determine the index weight, and uses the entropy weight method to calculate the entropy weight based on processing the calculated values of different indicators, thereby determining the index weight. The calculation process of the entropy weight method includes: constructing a sample matrix of evaluation indicators, normalizing the indicators in the matrix, and obtaining the weight of each indicator.
为了解决属性之间不可通约性和数值差异悬殊的问题，首先需要对指标进行分类，并对指标进行规范化，然后分析多目标规划方案的特点，对不同的多目标规划方案采用相对应的指标评估方法进行评估。In order to solve the problem of incommensurability and numerical differences between attributes, it is first necessary to classify and standardize the indicators, then analyze the characteristics of the multi-objective planning scheme, and use corresponding indicators for different multi-objective planning schemes. Evaluation methods are used for evaluation.
2、根据多目标规划方案的评估结果，获取满足新型配电系统形态下的不同应用场景下的多目标规划方案最优决策方法2. Based on the evaluation results of the multi-objective planning scheme, obtain the optimal decision-making method for the multi-objective planning scheme that satisfies different application scenarios under the new power distribution system form.
本实施例还包括，结合实际情况，对得到的多目标规划方案最优决策方法进行验证：This embodiment also includes verifying the optimal decision-making method of the multi-objective planning scheme obtained based on the actual situation:
结合某地实际情况，网元共享的高弹性新型智慧电网示范工程的具体情况，开展基础调研，明确该地区负荷与能源分布情况，分析该地区灵活性资源特征，评估当地电网现状，确定多目标规划模型基础参数。Based on the actual situation of a certain place and the specific situation of the highly elastic new smart grid demonstration project shared by network elements, carry out basic research to clarify the load and energy distribution in the area, analyze the characteristics of the flexible resources in the area, assess the current status of the local power grid, and determine multiple goals Planning model basic parameters.
考虑用户在包括场景分析、指标评估、优化目标、辅助决策和综合监管等方面的需求，围绕基于网元共享的新型配电系统高灵活性规划，同时考虑设备类型和设备容量的组合优化以及功能设备之间的耦合与互补特性，构建包括数据处理、模型构建、算法求解、结果评估在内的平台核心功能模块，开发统一规划平台，实现针对用户多种自定义需求下的规划方案的并行求解与对比分析，实现基于网元共享的新型配电系统规划的科学决策。Consider the needs of users in terms of scenario analysis, indicator evaluation, optimization goals, auxiliary decision-making and comprehensive supervision, and plan around the high flexibility of the new power distribution system based on network element sharing, while also considering the combination optimization and functions of equipment types and equipment capacities. Based on the coupling and complementary characteristics between devices, we build the core functional modules of the platform including data processing, model construction, algorithm solution, and result evaluation, develop a unified planning platform, and realize parallel solution of planning solutions for various user-defined needs. and comparative analysis to achieve scientific decision-making in planning new power distribution systems based on network element sharing.
对某地开展多能系统的规划设计，涵盖区块功能定位、多能负荷精细化建模、灵活性资源评估、能源元胞和整个配电系统的多尺度灵活性规划方法、规划方案运行模拟以及多方案比选，实现某地基于网元共享的“城乡无差别”智慧配电系统的高效与精细规划，验证本实施例所提模拟运行方法的有效性。Carry out multi-energy system planning and design for a certain place, covering block function positioning, multi-energy load refined modeling, flexibility resource assessment, multi-scale flexibility planning methods for energy cells and the entire power distribution system, and planning scheme operation simulation And compare and select multiple solutions to achieve efficient and precise planning of an "urban and rural undifferentiated" smart power distribution system based on network element sharing in a certain place, verifying the effectiveness of the simulation operation method proposed in this embodiment.
本实施例新型电力系统形态下的县域“城乡无差别”网元共享的高弹性新型智慧电网场景下，通过对城乡网元的多能负荷运行特性进行分析，建立网元时序运行模拟模块，提出高效的多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术。接着综合考虑城乡智慧配电系统安全、独立、可靠、高效、经济等多维评价指标，对不同的多目标规划方案进行针对性评估，根据相应方案的评估结果进行多方案比较优选。提高了新型配电系统能源的综合利用效率，保证了城市能源元胞群和城市功能单元的高效与精细规划，有助于形成具有高经济性、低缺电率、高环保性的“元胞-电网”协同新型配电系统，促进坚强智能配电网的建立。In this embodiment's new power system form, in the highly elastic new smart grid scenario where "urban and rural undifferentiated" network elements are shared in the county, by analyzing the multi-energy load operation characteristics of urban and rural network elements, a network element timing operation simulation module is established, and it is proposed Efficient multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology. Then, comprehensively consider the multi-dimensional evaluation indicators such as safety, independence, reliability, efficiency, and economy of urban and rural smart power distribution systems, conduct targeted evaluations of different multi-objective planning plans, and compare and optimize multiple plans based on the evaluation results of the corresponding plans. It improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of new power distribution system energy, ensures efficient and precise planning of urban energy cell groups and urban functional units, and helps to form a "cell" with high economy, low power shortage rate, and high environmental protection -Power Grid" collaborates with new power distribution systems to promote the establishment of a strong smart distribution network.
实施例三：Embodiment three:
本实施例与实施例二的区别在于：The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is:
第三步：以提高计算精度、降低时间复杂度为目标构建多时间尺度时序运行模拟技术，进行多目标规划方案运行模拟。Step 3: Build multi-time scale timing operation simulation technology with the goal of improving calculation accuracy and reducing time complexity, and conduct multi-objective planning scheme operation simulation.
一般情况下，多目标优化问题的各个子目标之间是矛盾的，一个子目标的改善有可能会引起另一个或者另几个子目标的性能降低，也就是要同时使多个子目标一起达到最优值是不可能的，而只能在它们中间进行协调和折中处理，使各个子目标都尽可能地达到最优化。多目标规划的求解方法大体上有以下几种：一种是化多为少的方法，即把多目标化为比较容易求解的单目标或双目标，如主要目标法、线性加权法、理想点法等；另一种叫分层序列法，即把目标按其重要性给出一个序列，每次都在前一目标最优解集内求下一个目标最优解，直到求出共同的最优解。In general, the various sub-goals of multi-objective optimization problems are contradictory. The improvement of one sub-goal may cause the performance of another or several other sub-goals to decrease, that is, multiple sub-goals must be optimized together at the same time. It is impossible to set values, but can only coordinate and compromise among them to make each sub-goal as optimized as possible. There are generally the following methods for solving multi-objective programming: one is the method of converting more into less, that is, converting multiple objectives into a single or dual objective that is easier to solve, such as the main objective method, the linear weighting method, and the ideal point method. method, etc.; the other is called the hierarchical sequence method, that is, the goals are given in a sequence according to their importance, and each time the next goal's optimal solution is found within the previous goal's optimal solution set until a common optimal solution is found. Excellent solution.
本实施例中，多目标规划方案运行模拟包括：生成不同的分布式电源接入场景，结合分布式电源的不同出力场景、负荷时序特性以及峰谷分时电价，综合配电系统多目标，结合约束条件，建立多目标规划模型；采用非支配排序遗传算法获得最优解集，得到多目标规划方案。In this embodiment, the multi-objective planning scheme operation simulation includes: generating different distributed power supply access scenarios, combining different output scenarios of distributed power sources, load timing characteristics and peak and valley time-of-use electricity prices, integrating multiple objectives of the power distribution system, and combining Constraints are used to establish a multi-objective programming model; a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal solution set and a multi-objective planning scheme is obtained.
本实施例中，多目标规划模型的目标函数为提高计算精度、降低时间复杂度，约束条件包括线路潮流约束，电源安装容量约束（新增配电系统加入电源需在分布式电源安装容量的上、下限之间），储能设备容量约束（一个周期内，电储装置的充放电功率恒定，电储装置的充电容量在其充电容量上、下限之间）。In this embodiment, the objective function of the multi-objective programming model is to improve calculation accuracy and reduce time complexity. The constraints include line power flow constraints and power supply installation capacity constraints (new power distribution systems need to add power supplies above the installed capacity of distributed power sources). , between lower limits), energy storage equipment capacity constraints (within a cycle, the charging and discharging power of the electric storage device is constant, and the charging capacity of the electric storage device is between the upper and lower limits of its charging capacity).
生成不同的分布式电源接入场景包括：Generate different distributed power access scenarios including:
对配电系统包括风电、光伏在内的分布式电源以及负荷水平按照季节进行分类；Classify distributed power sources, including wind power and photovoltaics, and load levels in the power distribution system according to seasons;
基于高斯核函数的FKCM聚类算法对不同季节的分布式电源分别进行聚类，得到不同季节下不同供能系统的典型日期；The FKCM clustering algorithm based on Gaussian kernel function clusters distributed power sources in different seasons to obtain typical dates of different energy supply systems in different seasons;
同一季节下仅考虑一种负荷典型日期，对同一季节下的分布式电源典型日期以及负荷典型日期进行组合，得到该季节下的分布式电源接入场景；Only one load typical date is considered in the same season, and the distributed power supply typical date and load typical date in the same season are combined to obtain the distributed power supply access scenario in the season;
基于各个分布式电源接入场景的概率分布，在每个季节下进行场景缩减，得到最终分布式电源接入场景。Based on the probability distribution of each distributed power supply access scenario, the scenarios are reduced in each season to obtain the final distributed power supply access scenario.
负荷和分布式电源在不同季节不同时段会有明显差异，若不考虑时序特征，则对配电系统分布式电源容量规划会产生一定偏差。负荷和分布式电源处理的时序特性对分布式电源容量规划影响显著，考虑时序特性更符合实际，规划结果更优岚切配电系统功率损耗也随负荷和分布式电源的时序特性而出现季节性、时段性，考虑时序特性使配电系统经济性峰高。Loads and distributed power sources will have obvious differences in different seasons and time periods. If timing characteristics are not considered, there will be certain deviations in the distributed power supply capacity planning of the distribution system. The timing characteristics of load and distributed power processing have a significant impact on distributed power capacity planning. Considering the timing characteristics is more realistic and the planning results will be better. The power loss of Lanqie distribution system also appears seasonally according to the timing characteristics of load and distributed power. , periodicity, considering the timing characteristics to make the economic peak of the power distribution system higher.
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. There are other variations and modifications without exceeding the technical solutions described in the claims.
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| CN118411002A (en)* | 2024-07-03 | 2024-07-30 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 | A method, system, device and storage medium for accessing multiple types of power loads |
| CN120387742A (en)* | 2025-06-30 | 2025-07-29 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | A flexible construction and evaluation method, system, equipment and medium for multi-dimensional planning indicators of county distribution networks |
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| CN118411002A (en)* | 2024-07-03 | 2024-07-30 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 | A method, system, device and storage medium for accessing multiple types of power loads |
| CN118411002B (en)* | 2024-07-03 | 2024-09-10 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 | Multi-class power load access method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN120387742A (en)* | 2025-06-30 | 2025-07-29 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | A flexible construction and evaluation method, system, equipment and medium for multi-dimensional planning indicators of county distribution networks |
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