技术领域Technical field
本发明属于复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种层状复合材料及其制备方法、装置和应用。The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and specifically relates to a layered composite material and its preparation method, device and application.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高，现在人们对产品的要求越来越高，不仅要求产品能够满足基本功能，还需要具备更高的性能和功能特点。With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people now have higher and higher requirements for products. They not only require products to meet basic functions, but also need to have higher performance and functional characteristics.
但是，目前市场上的现有熔喷材料往往只在产品的某一方面性能特别关注，比如强力、弹力、蓬松性或透气性等，不能同时满足不同方面的需求。这是因为熔喷材料受到原料、成本等因素的限制，往往需要在不同的方面进行妥协。例如，选用一种提升产品强力的材料，熔喷材料更加坚固和耐磨，却会牺牲熔喷材料的柔韧性。这种单一性能的局限性，使得熔喷材料无法完全满足用户的多样化需求，应用场景受限。However, the existing melt-blown materials currently on the market often only pay special attention to a certain aspect of the product's performance, such as strength, elasticity, fluffiness or breathability, etc., and cannot meet the needs of different aspects at the same time. This is because meltblown materials are limited by raw materials, cost and other factors, and often require compromises in different aspects. For example, if you choose a material that improves the strength of the product, the melt-blown material will be stronger and more wear-resistant, but it will sacrifice the flexibility of the melt-blown material. The limitation of this single performance makes melt-blown materials unable to fully meet the diverse needs of users, and the application scenarios are limited.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种层状复合材料及其制备方法、装置和应用，本发明提供的层状复合材料结合不同聚合物的优点，综合性能好，附加值高。The object of the present invention is to provide a layered composite material and its preparation method, device and application. The layered composite material provided by the invention combines the advantages of different polymers, has good comprehensive performance and high added value.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种层状复合材料，包括3层以上层叠粘合的纤维网；所述纤维网为熔喷纤维网或纺粘纤维网；所述纤维网的纺熔纤维为热塑性聚合物纤维；不同层的所述纤维网中热塑性聚合物纤维的种类不同。The invention provides a layered composite material, which includes more than three layers of laminated and bonded fiber webs; the fiber webs are melt-blown fiber webs or spun-bonded fiber webs; the spun-melt fibers of the fiber web are thermoplastic polymer fibers ; The types of thermoplastic polymer fibers in the fiber webs of different layers are different.
优选的，所述热塑性聚合物包括聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺和聚氨酯中的一种或几种；Preferably, the thermoplastic polymer includes one or more of polyolefin, polyester, polyamide and polyurethane;
所述热塑性聚合物纤维的形状包括圆形、双圆形、三叶形和十字形中的一种或几种，最大宽度为1～25μm。The shape of the thermoplastic polymer fiber includes one or more of a circle, a double circle, a trilobal shape and a cross shape, and the maximum width is 1 to 25 μm.
优选的，单层所述纤维网的质量占层状复合材料总质量的10～70wt％；所述层状复合材料的克重为30～200gsm。Preferably, the mass of a single layer of the fiber web accounts for 10 to 70 wt% of the total mass of the layered composite material; the weight of the layered composite material is 30 to 200 gsm.
优选的，所述热塑性聚合物还包括热塑性弹性体；所述热塑性弹性体包括TPE、TPU和POE中的一种或几种。Preferably, the thermoplastic polymer also includes a thermoplastic elastomer; the thermoplastic elastomer includes one or more of TPE, TPU and POE.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述层状复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for preparing the layered composite material described in the above solution, which includes the following steps:
(1)将热塑性聚合物第一加热熔融后依次第一喷丝、热风牵伸和第一风冷，得到熔喷纤维网；当所述熔喷纤维网的层数为2层以上，所述第一喷丝独立进行或混喷；(1) The thermoplastic polymer is first heated and melted, followed by the first spinning, hot air drawing and first air cooling to obtain a melt-blown fiber web; when the number of layers of the melt-blown fiber web is more than 2 layers, the melt-blown fiber web is One spinneret can be carried out independently or mixed;
和/或，将热塑性聚合物第二加热熔融后依次第二喷丝和第二风冷，得到纺粘纤维网；所述第二喷丝独立进行；And/or, the thermoplastic polymer is heated and melted for a second time, followed by a second spinning and a second air cooling, to obtain a spunbond fiber web; the second spinning is performed independently;
(2)重复步骤(1)，得到3层以上的纤维网，然后将所述纤维网热轧，得到层状复合材料。(2) Repeat step (1) to obtain more than three layers of fiber webs, and then hot-roll the fiber webs to obtain layered composite materials.
优选的，所述第一加热熔融的温度为160～280℃；所述热风牵伸的温度为160～280℃；所述第一风冷的温度为10～30℃。Preferably, the temperature of the first heating and melting is 160-280°C; the temperature of the hot-air drawing is 160-280°C; and the temperature of the first air-cooling is 10-30°C.
优选的，所述第二加热熔融的温度为160～280℃；所述第二风冷的温度为2～20℃。Preferably, the second heating and melting temperature is 160-280°C; the second air-cooling temperature is 2-20°C.
优选的，所述热轧的温度为80～130℃，压力为25～100bar。Preferably, the hot rolling temperature is 80-130°C and the pressure is 25-100 bar.
本发明还提供了一种制备层状复合材料的装置，包括纺熔系统100：所述纺熔系统100包括第一纺熔设备101、第二纺熔设备102和第六纺熔设备106；The present invention also provides an apparatus for preparing a layered composite material, comprising a spunmelt system 100: the spunmelt system 100 comprises a first spunmelt device 101, a second spunmelt device 102 and a sixth spunmelt device 106;
所述第一纺熔设备101包括第一熔喷喂料装置7、入口与所述第一熔喷喂料装置7连通的第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8和入口与所述第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8连通的第一熔喷喷丝板9；The first spun-melt equipment 101 includes a first melt-blown feeding device 7, a first melt-blown screw extruder 8 with an inlet connected to the first melt-blown feeding device 7, and a first melt-blown screw extruder 8 with an inlet connected to the first melt-blown feeding device 7. The first melt-blown spinneret 9 connected to the screw extruder 8;
所述第二纺熔设备102包括第二熔喷喂料装置10、入口与所述第二熔喷喂料装置10连通的第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11和入口与所述第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11连通的第二熔喷喷丝板12；The second spun-melt equipment 102 includes a second melt-blown feeding device 10, a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10, and a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10. The second melt-blown spinneret 12 connected to the screw extruder 11;
所述第六纺熔设备106包括第一纺粘喂料装置22、入口与所述第一纺粘喂料装置22连通的第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23和入口与所述第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23连通的第一纺粘喷丝板24；The sixth spunmelt equipment 106 includes a first spunbond feeding device 22, a first spunbond screw extruder 23 with an inlet connected to the first spunbond feeding device 22, and a first spunbond screw extruder 23 with an inlet connected to the first spunbond feeding device 22. The first spunbond spinneret 24 connected to the screw extruder 23;
传送系统200：所述传送系统200设置于所述纺熔系统100的下方；Conveying system 200: The conveying system 200 is provided below the spunmelt system 100;
热轧系统300：所述热轧系统300设置于所述传送系统200的尾端。Hot rolling system 300: The hot rolling system 300 is provided at the end of the conveyor system 200.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述的层状复合材料或上述方案所述制备方法得到的层状复合材料在医用卫生材料、擦拭材料、过滤材料、服用材料和建筑材料中的应用。The present invention also provides the application of the layered composite material described in the above solution or the layered composite material obtained by the preparation method described in the above solution in medical and sanitary materials, wiping materials, filter materials, wearing materials and building materials.
本发明提供了一种层状复合材料。常规熔喷材料只能针对某一性能进行改进，本发明提供的层状复合材料采用不同的聚合物原料，得到不同性能特点的纤维网，再通过灵活组合上述纤维网，结合每层纤维网的特点，每层纤维网发挥优势弥补其他纤维网的性能不足，使得层状复合材料兼具多种性能优势，整体性能得到大幅提升，在厚度蓬松性、强力和弹力等性能方面均达到常规熔喷材料没有的水平。本发明提供的层状复合材料，在应对不同使用环境时更具有针对性，可以满足用户不同方面的需求，应用范围广阔。The invention provides a layered composite material. Conventional melt-blown materials can only be improved for a certain performance. The layered composite material provided by the present invention uses different polymer raw materials to obtain fiber webs with different performance characteristics, and then flexibly combines the above fiber webs to combine the properties of each layer of fiber webs. Features, the advantages of each layer of fiber webs make up for the performance deficiencies of other fiber webs, so that the layered composite material has a variety of performance advantages, the overall performance is greatly improved, and it reaches conventional melt-blown in terms of thickness, fluffiness, strength and elasticity. The level of material is not there. The layered composite material provided by the present invention is more targeted when dealing with different use environments, can meet the needs of users in different aspects, and has a wide application range.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述层状复合材料的制备方法。本发明提供的制备方法步骤简单，操作方便，成本低廉，经济效益显著，得到的层状复合材料中的纤维网由纺熔纤维依靠自身热粘合作用构成，每层纤维网之间由纺熔纤维自身的热粘合作用及热轧的热粘合作用结合，结构稳定。The present invention also provides a method for preparing the layered composite material described in the above scheme. The preparation method provided by the invention has simple steps, convenient operation, low cost and significant economic benefits. The fiber web in the obtained layered composite material is composed of spunmelt fibers relying on their own thermal bonding, and the fiber webs between each layer are composed of spunmelt fibers. The thermal bonding effect of the fiber itself and the thermal bonding effect of hot rolling combine to achieve a stable structure.
本发明还提供了一种制备层状复合材料的装置。本发明提供的装置部件较少，降低了机器故障率，具备工业化应用潜力。The invention also provides a device for preparing layered composite materials. The device provided by the invention has fewer components, reduces the machine failure rate, and has the potential for industrial application.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述的层状复合材料或上述方案所述制备方法得到的层状复合材料在医用卫生材料、擦拭材料、过滤材料、服用材料和建筑材料中的应用。本发明提供的层状复合材料综合性能优异，在生产生活中具有广泛的应用场景，市场潜力巨大。The present invention also provides the application of the layered composite material described in the above solution or the layered composite material obtained by the preparation method described in the above solution in medical and sanitary materials, wiping materials, filter materials, wearing materials and building materials. The layered composite material provided by the present invention has excellent comprehensive properties, has a wide range of application scenarios in production and life, and has huge market potential.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the drawings of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本发明实施例1制备的层状复合材料的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1制备层状复合材料的装置的结构图；Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a device for preparing layered composite materials in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例2制备的层状复合材料的结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例2制备层状复合材料的装置的结构图；Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a device for preparing layered composite materials in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例3制备的层状复合材料的结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered composite material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例3制备层状复合材料的装置的结构图；Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a device for preparing layered composite materials in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例4制备的层状复合材料的结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered composite material prepared in Example 4 of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例4制备层状复合材料的装置的结构图；Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a device for preparing layered composite materials in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
图9为本发明装置(同轴熔喷型)的常规(圆形)喷丝孔示意图；Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional (circular) spinneret hole of the device of the present invention (coaxial melt-blown type);
图10为本发明装置(同轴熔喷型)的双圆形喷丝孔示意图；Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the double circular spinneret holes of the device of the present invention (coaxial melt-blown type);
图11为本发明装置(同轴熔喷型)的三叶形喷丝孔示意图；Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the trilobal spinneret hole of the device of the present invention (coaxial melt-blown type);
图12为本发明装置(同轴熔喷型)的十字形喷丝孔示意图；Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped spinneret hole of the device of the present invention (coaxial melt-blown type);
图13为本发明制备层状复合材料的装置的结构示意图；Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing layered composite materials according to the present invention;
图1～图13中：1为第一熔喷层，2为第二熔喷层，3为第三熔喷层，4为第四熔喷层，5为第五熔喷层，6为第一纺粘层，7为第一熔喷喂料装置，8为第一熔喷螺杆挤出机，9为第一熔喷喷丝板，10为第二熔喷喂料装置，11为第二熔喷螺杆挤出机，12为第二熔喷喷丝板，13为第三熔喷喂料装置，14为第三熔喷螺杆挤出机，15为第三熔喷喷丝板，16为第四熔喷喂料装置，17为第四熔喷螺杆挤出机，18为第四熔喷喷丝板，19为第五熔喷喂料装置，20为第五熔喷螺杆挤出机，21为第五熔喷喷丝板，22为第一纺粘喂料装置，23为第一纺粘螺杆挤出机，24为第一纺粘喷丝板，25为成网帘，26为轧光辊，27为热轧机，28为圆形喷丝孔，29为圆形流体释放孔，30为双圆形喷丝孔，31为双圆形流体释放孔，32三叶形喷丝孔，33为三叶形流体释放孔，34为十字形喷丝孔，35为十字形流体释放孔。In Figures 1 to 13: 1 is the first melt-blown layer, 2 is the second melt-blown layer, 3 is the third melt-blown layer, 4 is the fourth melt-blown layer, 5 is the fifth melt-blown layer, and 6 is the third melt-blown layer. A spunbond layer, 7 is the first melt-blown feeding device, 8 is the first melt-blown screw extruder, 9 is the first melt-blown spinneret, 10 is the second melt-blown feeding device, and 11 is the second Melt-blown screw extruder, 12 is the second melt-blown spinneret, 13 is the third melt-blown feeding device, 14 is the third melt-blown screw extruder, 15 is the third melt-blown spinneret, 16 is The fourth melt-blown feeding device, 17 is the fourth melt-blown screw extruder, 18 is the fourth melt-blown spinneret, 19 is the fifth melt-blown feeding device, 20 is the fifth melt-blown screw extruder, 21 is the fifth melt-blown spinneret, 22 is the first spunbond feeding device, 23 is the first spunbond screw extruder, 24 is the first spunbond spinneret, 25 is the mesh curtain, and 26 is the rolling machine. Smooth roll, 27 is a hot rolling mill, 28 is a circular spin hole, 29 is a circular fluid release hole, 30 is a double circular spin hole, 31 is a double circular fluid release hole, 32 is a trilobal spin hole , 33 is a trilobal fluid release hole, 34 is a cross-shaped spinneret, and 35 is a cross-shaped fluid release hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供了一种层状复合材料，包括3层以上层叠粘合的纤维网；所述纤维网为熔喷纤维网或纺粘纤维网；所述纤维网的纺熔纤维为热塑性聚合物纤维；不同层的所述纤维网中热塑性聚合物纤维的种类不同。The invention provides a layered composite material, which includes more than three layers of laminated and bonded fiber webs; the fiber webs are melt-blown fiber webs or spun-bonded fiber webs; the spun-melt fibers of the fiber web are thermoplastic polymer fibers ; The types of thermoplastic polymer fibers in the fiber webs of different layers are different.
在本发明中，所述纤维网的层数优选为3～20层，更优选为3～5层，进一步优选为4～5层。In the present invention, the number of layers of the fiber web is preferably 3 to 20 layers, more preferably 3 to 5 layers, and even more preferably 4 to 5 layers.
在本发明中，所述热塑性聚合物优选包括聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺和聚氨酯中的一种或几种；所述聚烯烃优选包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚丁烯中的一种或几种；所述聚酯优选包括聚乳酸、聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)和聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)中的一种或几种；所述热塑性聚合物优选还包括热塑性弹性体；所述热塑性弹性体优选包括TPE、TPU和POE中的一种或几种。In the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer preferably includes one or more of polyolefin, polyester, polyamide and polyurethane; the polyolefin preferably includes one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene and polybutylene or Several; the polyester preferably includes one or more of polylactic acid, polybutylene terephthalate-adipate (PBAT) and polybutylene succinate (PBS); the The thermoplastic polymer preferably also includes a thermoplastic elastomer; the thermoplastic elastomer preferably includes one or more of TPE, TPU and POE.
在本发明的具体实施例中，所述聚乙烯优选为PE-CLxx聚乙烯(广州金发科技有限公司)；所述聚丙烯优选包括PH835聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)和Metocene MF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)中的一种或几种；所述聚酯优选为YS-Y01聚酯(道恩集团有限公司)和PBAT(道恩集团有限公司)中的一种或几种；所述聚酰胺优选为GP1000B(W)聚酰胺(LG化学)；所述TPU优选为TPU DN-2185弹性体(道恩集团有限公司)；所述POE优选为Vistamaxx POE 7810弹性体(美国埃克森美孚)；所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯优选为PBS(道恩集团有限公司)。In specific embodiments of the present invention, the polyethylene is preferably PE-CLxx polyethylene (Guangzhou Kingfa Technology Co., Ltd.); the polypropylene preferably includes PH835 polypropylene (Lyander Basel, London, UK) and Metocene MF650W polyethylene. One or more of propylene (Leander Basel, London, UK); the polyester is preferably one or more of YS-Y01 polyester (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.) and PBAT (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.) or Several; the polyamide is preferably GP1000B (W) polyamide (LG Chem); the TPU is preferably TPU DN-2185 elastomer (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.); the POE is preferably Vistamaxx POE 7810 elastomer ( ExxonMobil (USA); the polybutylene succinate is preferably PBS (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.).
在本发明中，单层所述纤维网的质量优选占层状复合材料总质量的10～70wt％，更优选为20～60wt％，进一步优选为30～50wt％；所述层状复合材料的克重优选为30～200gsm，更优选为50～150gsm，进一步优选为80～120gsm。In the present invention, the mass of a single layer of the fiber web preferably accounts for 10 to 70 wt% of the total mass of the layered composite material, more preferably 20 to 60 wt%, and further preferably 30 to 50 wt%; the layered composite material has The gram weight is preferably 30 to 200 gsm, more preferably 50 to 150 gsm, and even more preferably 80 to 120 gsm.
在本发明中，所述热塑性聚合物纤维的横截面形状优选包括圆形、双圆形、三叶形和十字形中的一种或几种，最大宽度(纤维横截面中距离最远的两个点的长度)优选为1～25μm，更优选为1～22μm，进一步优选为1～20μm。In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the thermoplastic polymer fiber preferably includes one or more of circular, double-circular, trilobal and cross-shaped, and the maximum width (the two furthest apart in the fiber cross-section) The length of each dot) is preferably 1 to 25 μm, more preferably 1 to 22 μm, and even more preferably 1 to 20 μm.
在本发明中，本发明提供的层状复合材料优选包括方案1、方案2、方案3、方案4、方案5和方案6；所述方案1优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网；所述方案2优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网和第四熔喷纤维网；所述方案3优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网、第四熔喷纤维网和第五熔喷纤维网；所述方案4优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网和第一纺粘纤维网；所述方案5优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一熔喷纤维网、第一纺粘纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第二纺粘纤维网；所述方案6优选为从上到下依次层叠粘合的第一纺粘纤维网、第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第二纺粘纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网。In the present invention, the layered composite material provided by the present invention preferably includes scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, scheme 4, scheme 5 and scheme 6; the scheme 1 is preferably the first layer that is laminated and bonded sequentially from top to bottom. The melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web and the third melt-blown fiber web; the solution 2 is preferably to stack the bonded first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web and the third melt-blown fiber web in sequence from top to bottom. The melt-blown fiber web and the fourth melt-blown fiber web; the solution 3 is preferably to stack the bonded first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web, the third melt-blown fiber web, and the fourth melt-blown fiber web in sequence from top to bottom. The melt-blown fiber web and the fifth melt-blown fiber web; the solution 4 is preferably to stack the bonded first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web, the third melt-blown fiber web and the first melt-blown fiber web in sequence from top to bottom. Spunbond fiber web; the solution 5 is preferably a first meltblown fiber web, a first spunbond fiber web, a second meltblown fiber web and a second spunbond fiber web that are layered and bonded in sequence from top to bottom; the Option 6 is preferably a first spunbond fiber web, a first meltblown fiber web, a second meltblown fiber web, a second spunbond fiber web and a third meltblown fiber web that are layered and bonded in sequence from top to bottom.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述层状复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for preparing the layered composite material described in the above solution, which includes the following steps:
(1)将热塑性聚合物第一加热熔融后依次第一喷丝、热风牵伸和第一风冷，得到熔喷纤维网；当所述熔喷纤维网的层数为2层以上，所述第一喷丝独立进行(2层以上的熔喷纤维网喷丝时单独喷丝成网，得到相互独立的熔喷纤维网)或混喷(2层以上的熔喷纤维网同时进行喷丝，相邻的熔喷纤维网的纤维彼此勾连，相互粘合)；(1) The thermoplastic polymer is first heated and melted, followed by the first spinning, hot air drawing and first air cooling to obtain a melt-blown fiber web; when the number of layers of the melt-blown fiber web is more than 2 layers, the melt-blown fiber web is One spinning is carried out independently (more than two layers of melt-blown fiber webs are spinned separately to form a web, and independent melt-blown fiber webs are obtained) or mixed-spraying (more than two layers of melt-blown fiber webs are spinned simultaneously, resulting in relatively The fibers of adjacent melt-blown fiber webs are interconnected and bonded to each other);
和/或，将热塑性聚合物第二加热熔融后依次第二喷丝和第二风冷，得到纺粘纤维网；所述第二喷丝独立进行；And/or, the thermoplastic polymer is heated and melted for a second time, followed by a second spinning and a second air cooling, to obtain a spunbond fiber web; the second spinning is performed independently;
(2)重复步骤(1)，得到3层以上的纤维网，然后将所述纤维网热轧，得到层状复合材料。(2) Repeat step (1) to obtain more than three layers of fiber webs, and then hot-roll the fiber webs to obtain layered composite materials.
本发明将热塑性聚合物第一加热熔融后依次第一喷丝、热风牵伸和第一风冷，得到熔喷纤维网。在本发明中，所述第一加热熔融的温度优选为160～280℃，更优选为180～260℃，进一步优选为200～230℃；所述热风牵伸的温度优选为160～280℃，更优选为180～260℃，进一步优选为200～230℃；所述第一风冷的温度优选为10～30℃，更优选为15～25℃，进一步优选为18～22℃。本发明将聚合物原料喂入喂料装置，聚合物原料经高温熔融和挤压作用形成聚合物熔体，由喷丝板上的喷丝孔喷出，经喷丝孔的热气流对纤维进行牵伸，再经过二道风冷却形成熔喷纤维，落在成网帘上形成熔喷纤维网。In the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer is first heated and melted, followed by the first spinning, hot air drawing and first air cooling, to obtain a melt-blown fiber web. In the present invention, the temperature of the first heating and melting is preferably 160-280°C, more preferably 180-260°C, further preferably 200-230°C; the temperature of the hot-air drawing is preferably 160-280°C. More preferably, it is 180-260°C, further preferably 200-230°C; the temperature of the first air cooling is preferably 10-30°C, more preferably 15-25°C, even more preferably 18-22°C. In the invention, polymer raw materials are fed into the feeding device. The polymer raw materials are melted and extruded at high temperature to form a polymer melt, which is ejected from the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate. The hot air flow through the spinneret holes carries out the treatment on the fibers. After being drafted and cooled by two passes of air, melt-blown fibers are formed, which fall on the mesh curtain to form a melt-blown fiber web.
本发明将热塑性聚合物第二加热熔融后依次第二喷丝和第二风冷，得到纺粘纤维网。在本发明中，所述第二加热熔融的温度优选为160～280℃，更优选为180～260℃，进一步优选为200～230℃；所述第二风冷的温度优选为2～20℃，更优选为5～15℃，进一步优选为10～12℃。本发明将聚合物原料喂入喂料装置，聚合物原料经高温熔融和挤压作用形成聚合物熔体，聚合物熔体由喷丝板喷出，进一步风冷被正压或负压牵伸落在成网帘上形成纺粘纤维网。In the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer is heated and melted for a second time and then spun for a second time and air-cooled for a second time to obtain a spunbond fiber web. In the present invention, the second heating and melting temperature is preferably 160-280°C, more preferably 180-260°C, further preferably 200-230°C; the second air-cooling temperature is preferably 2-20°C , more preferably 5 to 15°C, still more preferably 10 to 12°C. In this invention, polymer raw materials are fed into the feeding device. The polymer raw materials are melted and extruded at high temperature to form a polymer melt. The polymer melt is ejected from the spinneret and further air-cooled and stretched by positive pressure or negative pressure. Fall on the web curtain to form a spunbond fiber web.
在本发明中，当所述熔喷纤维网的层数为2层以上，所述第一喷丝独立进行或混喷；所述第二喷丝独立进行。本发明纤维网采用混喷的形式，使纤维网的纤维相互交叉，也可采用独立纺丝成网，后续直接热轧复合。In the present invention, when the number of layers of the melt-blown fiber web is more than two layers, the first spinning is performed independently or mixed; the second spinning is performed independently. The fiber web of the present invention adopts the form of mixed spraying, so that the fibers of the fiber web cross each other. It can also be independently spun into a web, and then directly hot-rolled and compounded.
得到3层以上的纤维网后，本发明将所述纤维网热轧，得到层状复合材料。在本发明中，所述热轧的温度优选为80～130℃，更优选为90～120℃，进一步优选为100～110℃，压力优选为25～100bar，更优选为45～80bar，进一步优选为55～65bar。After obtaining more than three layers of fiber webs, the present invention hot-rolls the fiber webs to obtain layered composite materials. In the present invention, the temperature of the hot rolling is preferably 80-130°C, more preferably 90-120°C, further preferably 100-110°C, and the pressure is preferably 25-100bar, more preferably 45-80bar, further preferably It is 55~65bar.
在本发明中，所述热轧前优选还包括对所述3层以上的纤维网预压；所述预压的温度优选为70～180℃，更优选为90～150℃，进一步优选为110～130℃；所述预压的设备优选为轧光辊。本发明通过预压，材料表面的平整度和耐磨性得到提升，经过热轧再一次热熔复合，使纤维网之间的结合更加牢固。In the present invention, the hot rolling preferably further includes pre-pressing the three or more layers of fiber web; the pre-pressing temperature is preferably 70 to 180°C, more preferably 90 to 150°C, and further preferably 110°C. ~130°C; the pre-pressing equipment is preferably a calendering roller. In the present invention, through pre-pressing, the flatness and wear resistance of the material surface are improved, and after hot rolling and hot-melting compounding, the bonding between the fiber webs is made stronger.
本发明还提供了一种制备层状复合材料的装置(结构如图13所示)，包括纺熔系统100：所述纺熔系统100包括第一纺熔设备101、第二纺熔设备102和第六纺熔设备106；The present invention also provides a device for preparing layered composite materials (the structure is shown in Figure 13), including a spunmelt system 100: the spunmelt system 100 includes a first spunmelt device 101, a second spunmelt device 102 and The sixth spunmelt equipment 106;
所述第一纺熔设备101包括第一熔喷喂料装置7、入口与所述第一熔喷喂料装置7连通的第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8和入口与所述第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8连通的第一熔喷喷丝板9；The first spun-melt equipment 101 includes a first melt-blown feeding device 7, a first melt-blown screw extruder 8 with an inlet connected to the first melt-blown feeding device 7, and a first melt-blown screw extruder 8 with an inlet connected to the first melt-blown feeding device 7. The first melt-blown spinneret 9 connected to the screw extruder 8;
所述第二纺熔设备102包括第二熔喷喂料装置10、入口与所述第二熔喷喂料装置10连通的第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11和入口与所述第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11连通的第二熔喷喷丝板12；The second spun-melt equipment 102 includes a second melt-blown feeding device 10, a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10, and a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10. The second melt-blown spinneret 12 connected to the screw extruder 11;
所述第六纺熔设备106包括第一纺粘喂料装置22、入口与所述第一纺粘喂料装置22连通的第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23和入口与所述第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23连通的第一纺粘喷丝板24；The sixth spunmelt equipment 106 includes a first spunbond feeding device 22, a first spunbond screw extruder 23 with an inlet connected to the first spunbond feeding device 22, and a first spunbond screw extruder 23 with an inlet connected to the first spunbond feeding device 22. The first spunbond spinneret 24 connected to the screw extruder 23;
传送系统200：所述传送系统200设置于所述纺熔系统100的下方；Conveying system 200: The conveying system 200 is provided below the spunmelt system 100;
热轧系统300：所述热轧系统300设置于所述传送系统200的尾端。Hot rolling system 300: The hot rolling system 300 is provided at the end of the conveyor system 200.
本发明提供的装置包括纺熔系统100；所述第一纺熔设备101包括第一熔喷喂料装置7、入口与所述第一熔喷喂料装置7连通的第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8和入口与所述第一熔喷螺杆挤出机8连通的第一熔喷喷丝板9；在本发明的实施例中，所述第一熔喷喷丝板9设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔；所述喷丝板优选为单排孔喷丝板或多排孔喷丝板；所述喷丝孔优选为圆形喷丝孔28、双圆形喷丝孔30、三叶形喷丝孔32和十字形喷丝孔34中的一种或几种；所述流体释放孔优选为圆形流体释放孔29、双圆形流体释放孔31、三叶形流体释放孔33和十字形流体释放孔35中的一种或几种。本发明中的异形喷丝孔制备的异形纤维与圆形喷丝孔制备的常规纤维相比，具有更高的比表面积，异形纤维的比表面积越大，异形纤维构成的材料的厚度和透气性能越好。The device provided by the present invention includes a spunmelt system 100; the first spunmelt equipment 101 includes a first meltblown feeding device 7, and a first meltblown screw extruder with an inlet connected to the first meltblown feeding device 7. Machine 8 and the first melt-blown spinneret 9 whose inlet is connected with the first melt-blown screw extruder 8; in the embodiment of the present invention, the first melt-blown spinneret 9 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes; the spinneret is preferably a single-row hole spinneret or a multi-row hole spinneret; the spinneret is preferably a circular spinneret 28, a double circular spinneret 30, a three-blade spinneret. One or more of the three-shaped spin holes 32 and the cross-shaped spin holes 34; the fluid release holes are preferably circular fluid release holes 29, double circular fluid release holes 31, trilobal fluid release holes 33 and One or more of the cross-shaped fluid release holes 35 . The special-shaped fiber prepared by the special-shaped spinneret hole in the present invention has a higher specific surface area than the conventional fiber prepared by the circular spinneret hole. The greater the specific surface area of the special-shaped fiber, the thickness and air permeability of the material composed of the special-shaped fiber are improved. The better.
在本发明中，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的设置方法优选为“气刀熔喷”型或“同轴熔喷”型；所述“同轴熔喷”型为流体释放孔环绕喷丝孔，或喷丝孔环绕流体释放孔，优选为圆形流体释放孔29环绕圆形喷丝孔28(如图9所示)、双圆形流体释放孔31环绕双圆形喷丝孔30(如图10所示)、三叶形流体释放孔33环绕三叶形喷丝孔32(如图11所示)和十字形流体释放孔35环绕十字形喷丝孔34(如图12所示)中的一种或几种。本发明将流体释放孔环绕喷丝孔，流体释放孔释放牵伸气体对纤维进行牵伸，喷丝孔环绕流体释放孔时用于制备中空纤维。本发明中，未明确指出喷丝孔环绕流体释放孔时，所述“同轴熔喷”型默认为流体释放孔环绕喷丝孔。In the present invention, the setting method of the spinneret hole and the fluid release hole is preferably an "air knife melt-blown" type or a "coaxial melt-blown" type; the "coaxial melt-blown" type is a fluid release hole surrounding the spray hole. The silk hole, or the spinneret hole surrounds the fluid release hole, preferably the circular fluid release hole 29 surrounds the circular spinneret hole 28 (as shown in Figure 9), and the double circular fluid release hole 31 surrounds the double circular spinneret hole 30 (shown in Figure 10), the trilobal fluid release hole 33 surrounds the trilobal spin hole 32 (shown in Figure 11) and the cross-shaped fluid release hole 35 surrounds the cross-shaped spin hole 34 (shown in Figure 12 ) one or more of them. In the present invention, the fluid release hole surrounds the spinneret, and the fluid release hole releases drafting gas to draw the fiber. When the spinneret surrounds the fluid release hole, it is used to prepare hollow fibers. In the present invention, when it is not explicitly stated that the spinneret hole surrounds the fluid release hole, the "coaxial melt-blown" type defaults to the fluid release hole surrounding the spinneret hole.
在本发明中，所述“气刀熔喷”型即为螺杆挤出机熔喷模具的两股牵伸气体汇聚形成单股牵伸气体，单股牵伸气体与丝流方向成60°的夹角，当熔丝离开熔喷模具的孔时，该单股牵伸气体带走和细化熔丝；所述“同轴熔喷”型即为牵伸气体不限于两股，每个喷丝孔具有独立的牵伸气体，且牵伸气体与丝流方向成小于10°的夹角。本发明中，喷丝孔和流体释放孔未明确指出为“气刀熔喷”型的，则默认为“同轴熔喷”型。In the present invention, the "air knife melt-blown" type means that the two drafting gases of the melt-blown die of the screw extruder converge to form a single drafting gas, and the single drafting gas is at an angle of 60° to the direction of the filament flow. angle, when the fuse leaves the hole of the melt-blown mold, the single strand of drawing gas takes away and refines the fuse; the "coaxial melt-blown" type means that the drawing gas is not limited to two strands, and each jet The wire hole has independent drafting gas, and the angle between the drafting gas and the direction of the wire flow is less than 10°. In the present invention, if the spinneret holes and fluid release holes are not clearly indicated as the "air knife melt blown" type, they will be defaulted to the "coaxial melt blown" type.
在本发明中，所述第二纺熔设备102包括第二熔喷喂料装置10、入口与所述第二熔喷喂料装置10连通的第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11和入口与所述第二熔喷螺杆挤出机11连通的第二熔喷喷丝板12；在本发明的实施例中，所述第二熔喷喷丝板12设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的种类和形状优选与所述第一熔喷喷丝板9相同(种类和形状的选择范围相同，并不要求在组合时各喷丝板保持一致，即各纺熔设备的组件相同或不同)，在此不再赘述。In the present invention, the second spunmelt equipment 102 includes a second melt-blown feeding device 10, a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10, and a second melt-blown screw extruder 11 with an inlet connected to the second melt-blown feeding device 10. The second melt-blown spinneret 12 is connected to the second melt-blown screw extruder 11; in the embodiment of the present invention, the second melt-blown spinneret 12 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes, so The types and shapes of the spin holes and fluid release holes are preferably the same as the first melt-blown spinneret 9 (the selection range of types and shapes is the same, and it is not required that each spinneret be consistent when combined, that is, each spinneret The components of the melting equipment are the same or different) and will not be described again here.
在本发明中，所述纺熔系统100优选包括第六纺熔设备106；所述第六纺熔设备106包括第一纺粘喂料装置22、入口与所述第一纺粘喂料装置22连通的第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23和入口与所述第一纺粘螺杆挤出机23连通的第一纺粘喷丝板24；在本发明的实施例中，所述第一纺粘喷丝板24设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的种类和形状优选与所述第一熔喷喷丝板9相同(种类和形状的选择范围相同，并不要求在组合时各喷丝板保持一致，即各纺熔设备的组件相同或不同)，在此不再赘述。In the present invention, the spunmelt system 100 preferably includes a sixth spunmelt device 106; the sixth spunmelt device 106 includes a first spunbond feeding device 22, an inlet and the first spunbond feeding device 22 The first spunbond screw extruder 23 and the first spunbond spinneret 24 with the inlet connected to the first spunbond screw extruder 23; in the embodiment of the present invention, the first spunbond spinneret 24 The spinneret 24 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes. The types and shapes of the spinneret holes and fluid release holes are preferably the same as those of the first melt-blown spinneret 9 (the selection ranges of types and shapes are the same, and It is not required that the spinnerets be consistent during assembly, that is, the components of each spunmelt equipment are the same or different), and will not be described again here.
在本发明中，所述第三纺熔设备103优选还包括第三熔喷喂料装置13、入口与所述第三熔喷喂料装置13连通的第三熔喷螺杆挤出机14和入口与所述第三熔喷螺杆挤出机14连通的第三熔喷喷丝板15；在本发明的实施例中，所述第三熔喷喷丝板15设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的种类和形状优选与所述第一熔喷喷丝板9相同(种类和形状的选择范围相同，并不要求在组合时各喷丝板保持一致，即各纺熔设备的组件相同或不同)，在此不再赘述。In the present invention, the third spunmelt equipment 103 preferably further includes a third melt-blown feeding device 13, a third melt-blown screw extruder 14 with an inlet connected to the third melt-blown feeding device 13, and an inlet. A third melt-blown spinneret 15 communicated with the third melt-blown screw extruder 14; in the embodiment of the present invention, the third melt-blown spinneret 15 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes. , the types and shapes of the spin holes and fluid release holes are preferably the same as the first melt-blown spinneret 9 (the selection range of types and shapes is the same, and it is not required that each spinneret be consistent when combined, that is, The components of each spunmelt equipment are the same or different) and will not be described again here.
在本发明中，所述纺熔系统100优选还包括第四纺熔设备104；所述第四纺熔设备104优选包括第四熔喷喂料装置16、入口与所述第四熔喷喂料装置16连通的第四熔喷螺杆挤出机17和入口与所述第四熔喷螺杆挤出机17连通的第四熔喷喷丝板18；在本发明的实施例中，所述第四熔喷喷丝板18设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的种类和形状优选与所述第一熔喷喷丝板9相同(种类和形状的选择范围相同，并不要求在组合时各喷丝板保持一致，即各纺熔设备的组件相同或不同)，在此不再赘述。In the present invention, the spunmelt system 100 preferably further includes a fourth spunmelt device 104; the fourth spunmelt device 104 preferably includes a fourth meltblown feeding device 16, an inlet and the fourth meltblown feeding device. The fourth melt-blown screw extruder 17 connected to the device 16 and the fourth melt-blown spinneret 18 with the inlet connected to the fourth melt-blown screw extruder 17; in the embodiment of the present invention, the fourth melt-blown spinneret The melt-blown spinneret 18 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes. The types and shapes of the spinneret holes and fluid release holes are preferably the same as those of the first melt-blown spinneret 9 (the selection ranges of types and shapes are the same. , it is not required that each spinneret should be consistent during assembly, that is, the components of each spunmelt equipment are the same or different), and will not be described again here.
在本发明中，所述纺熔系统100优选还包括第五纺熔设备105；所述第五纺熔设备105优选包括第五熔喷喂料装置19、入口与所述第五熔喷喂料装置19连通的第五熔喷螺杆挤出机20和入口与所述第五熔喷螺杆挤出机20连通的第五熔喷喷丝板21；在本发明的实施例中，所述第五熔喷喷丝板21设置有喷丝孔和流体释放孔，所述喷丝孔和流体释放孔的种类和形状优选与所述第一熔喷喷丝板9相同(种类和形状的选择范围相同，并不要求在组合时各喷丝板保持一致，即各纺熔设备的组件相同或不同)，在此不再赘述。In the present invention, the spunmelt system 100 preferably further includes a fifth spunmelt device 105; the fifth spunmelt device 105 preferably includes a fifth meltblown feeding device 19, an inlet and the fifth meltblown feeding device. The fifth melt-blown screw extruder 20 connected to the device 19 and the fifth melt-blown spinneret 21 with the inlet connected to the fifth melt-blown screw extruder 20; in the embodiment of the present invention, the fifth melt-blown spinneret The melt-blown spinneret 21 is provided with spinneret holes and fluid release holes. The types and shapes of the spinneret holes and fluid release holes are preferably the same as those of the first melt-blown spinneret 9 (the selection ranges of types and shapes are the same. , it is not required that each spinneret should be consistent during assembly, that is, the components of each spunmelt equipment are the same or different), and will not be described again here.
本发明提供的装置包括传送系统200；所述传送系统200优选为成网帘25；所述成网帘25的接收距离优选为150～450mm，更优选为250～350mm，进一步优选为300mm。The device provided by the present invention includes a transmission system 200; the transmission system 200 is preferably a mesh curtain 25; the receiving distance of the mesh curtain 25 is preferably 150~450mm, more preferably 250~350mm, and further preferably 300mm.
本发明提供的装置包括热轧系统300；所述热轧系统300优选包括轧光辊26和热轧机27；所述轧光辊26优选设置于所述热轧机27的前段。The device provided by the present invention includes a hot rolling system 300; the hot rolling system 300 preferably includes a calender roll 26 and a hot rolling mill 27; the calender roll 26 is preferably disposed in the front section of the hot rolling mill 27.
本发明还提供了上述方案所述的层状复合材料或上述方案所述制备方法得到的层状复合材料在医用卫生材料、擦拭材料、过滤材料、服用材料和建筑材料中的应用。The present invention also provides the application of the layered composite material described in the above solution or the layered composite material obtained by the preparation method described in the above solution in medical and sanitary materials, wiping materials, filter materials, wearing materials and building materials.
本发明提供的层状复合材料综合性能优异，在生产生活中具有广泛的应用场景，市场潜力巨大。The layered composite material provided by the present invention has excellent comprehensive properties, has a wide range of application scenarios in production and life, and has huge market potential.
为了进一步说明本发明，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的方案进行详细地描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。In order to further illustrate the present invention, the solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示(图中不同形状的纤维仅代表来自不同纤维层，不代表真实纤维形状)，本实施例的层状复合材料由三层纤维网构成，从下到上依次分别为第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网。其中第一熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的30wt％，所用原料为PH835聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第二熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的40wt％，所用原料为Metocene MF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第三熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的30wt％，所用原料为Vistamaxx POE 7810弹性体(美国埃克森美孚)和MetoceneMF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)，质量比为5：95。As shown in Figure 1 (the different shapes of fibers in the figure only represent the fibers from different fiber layers and do not represent the actual fiber shapes), the layered composite material of this embodiment is composed of three layers of fiber nets, the first one from bottom to top. A meltblown fiber web, a second meltblown fiber web, and a third meltblown fiber web. The first melt-blown fiber web accounts for 30wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is PH835 polypropylene (Lyander Basel, London, UK); the second melt-blown fiber web accounts for 40wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is Metocene MF650W polypropylene (Lyanddell Basel, London, UK); the third meltblown fiber web accounts for 30wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw materials used are Vistamaxx POE 7810 elastomer (ExxonMobil, USA) and MetoceneMF650W polypropylene (Lionne De Basel, London, UK), with a mass ratio of 5:95.
本实施例提供的层状复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤(步骤1～3同时进行混喷)，所用装置如图2所示：The preparation method of layered composite materials provided in this embodiment includes the following steps (steps 1 to 3 are mixed and sprayed simultaneously), and the device used is shown in Figure 2:
(1)将3份PH835聚丙烯喂入第一熔喷喂料装置，由第一熔喷螺杆挤出机在205℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第一熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放205℃的1550m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第一熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(1) Feed 3 parts of PH835 polypropylene into the first melt-blown feeding device. The first melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 205°C to obtain a polymer melt. The first melt-blown spinneret (multiple The circular spinneret hole on the row hole) is ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of 1550m3/ h at 205°C to draw the melt, and the melt-blown fiber is obtained under air cooling at 15°C. The fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form the first melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 220mm.
(2)将4份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第二熔喷喂料装置(“气刀熔喷”型)，由第二熔喷螺杆挤出机在205℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第二熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的双圆形喷丝孔喷出，由两股205℃的1550m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第二熔喷纤维网，接收距离为240mm。(2) Feed 4 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the second melt-blown feeding device ("air knife melt-blown" type), and the second melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 205°C to obtain a polymer melt. It is ejected from the double circular spinneret holes on the second melt-blown spinneret (single row of holes), and the melt is drawn by two hot air flows of1550m3 /h at 205℃ and air-cooled at 15℃ After cooling, melt-blown fibers are obtained. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a second melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 240mm.
(3)将0.15份POE 7810弹性体和2.85份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第三熔喷喂料装置，由第三熔喷螺杆挤出机在200℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第三熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放200℃的1500m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第三熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(3) Feed 0.15 parts of POE 7810 elastomer and 2.85 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the third melt-blown feeding device. The third melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 200°C to obtain a polymer melt. The circular spinneret holes on the three-melt-blown spinneret (single row of holes) are ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of1500m3 /h at 200℃ to draw the melt, and is air-cooled at 15℃ After cooling, melt-blown fibers are obtained. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a third melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 220 mm.
(4)将第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网从下到上依次层叠，经过100℃的轧光辊后，被40bar压力110℃高温的热轧机再次热熔复合，得到层状复合材料。(4) The first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web and the third melt-blown fiber web are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. After passing through the calendering roller at 100°C, they are heated by a hot rolling mill with a pressure of 40 bar and a high temperature of 110°C. Hot-melt composite again to obtain layered composite materials.
实施例2Example 2
如图3所示(图中不同形状的纤维仅代表来自不同纤维层，不代表真实纤维形状)，本实施例的层状复合材料由五层纤维网构成，从下到上依次分别为第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网、第四熔喷纤维网和第五熔喷纤维网。其中第一熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为YS-Y01聚酯(道恩集团有限公司)；第二熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为Metocene MF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第三熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为Vistamaxx POE 7810弹性体(埃克森美孚，美国)和Metocene MF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)，质量比为3：97；第四熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为PH835聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第五熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为Metocene MF650X聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)。As shown in Figure 3 (the different shapes of fibers in the figure only represent the fibers from different fiber layers and do not represent the actual fiber shapes), the layered composite material of this embodiment is composed of five layers of fiber mesh, and the first layer is the first layer from bottom to top. Meltblown fiber web, second meltblown fiber web, third meltblown fiber web, fourth meltblown fiber web and fifth meltblown fiber web. The first melt-blown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is YS-Y01 polyester (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.); the second melt-blown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is Metocene MF650W polypropylene (LydellBasell, London, UK); the third meltblown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite, and the raw materials used are Vistamaxx POE 7810 elastomer (ExxonMobil, USA) and Metocene MF650W polypropylene (LydellBasell, London, UK), the mass ratio is 3:97; the fourth meltblown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is PH835 polypropylene (LydellBasell, London, UK); the fifth The meltblown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is Metocene MF650X polypropylene (Lyander Basel, London, UK).
本实施例提供的层状复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤(步骤1～5同时进行混喷)，所用装置如图4所示：The preparation method of layered composite materials provided in this embodiment includes the following steps (steps 1 to 5 are mixed and sprayed simultaneously), and the device used is shown in Figure 4:
(1)将2份PH835聚丙烯喂入第四熔喷喂料装置，由第四熔喷螺杆挤出机在205℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第四熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的三叶形喷丝孔喷出，三叶形流体释放孔释放205℃的1550m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第四熔喷纤维网，接收距离为200mm。(1) Feed 2 parts of PH835 polypropylene into the fourth melt-blown feeding device. The fourth melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 205°C to obtain a polymer melt. The fourth melt-blown spinneret (multiple The trilobal spinneret holes are ejected from the trilobal spinneret holes, and the trilobal fluid release holes release a hot air flow of 1550m3 /h at 205°C to draw the melt, and obtain melt-blown fibers under wind cooling at 15°C. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a fourth melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 200mm.
(2)将2份YS-Y01聚酯喂入第一熔喷喂料装置，由第一熔喷螺杆挤出机在270℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第一熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的十字形喷丝孔喷出，十字形流体释放孔释放270℃的1600m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第一熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(2) Feed 2 parts of YS-Y01 polyester into the first melt-blown feeding device. The first melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 270°C to obtain a polymer melt. The first melt-blown spinneret The cross-shaped spinneret holes on the (multi-row holes) are ejected, and the cross-shaped fluid release holes release a hot air flow of 1600m3 /h at 270°C to draw the melt, and obtain melt-blown fibers under wind cooling at 15°C. The melt-blown fiber relies on its own thermal bonding to form the first melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 220mm.
(3)将2份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第二熔喷喂料装置(气刀熔喷型)，由第二熔喷螺杆挤出机在205℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第二熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，由两股205℃的1550m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第二熔喷纤维网，接收距离为240mm。(3) Feed 2 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the second melt-blown feeding device (air knife melt-blown type), and the second melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 205°C to obtain a polymer melt. The circular spinneret holes on the two melt-blown spinnerets (single row of holes) are ejected, and the melt is drawn by two hot air flows of1550m3 /h at 205℃, and the melt is obtained under wind cooling at 15℃. Sprayed fiber, melt-blown fiber relies on its own thermal bonding to form a second melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 240mm.
(4)将0.06份Vistamaxx POE 7810弹性体和1.94份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第三熔喷喂料装置，由第三熔喷螺杆挤出机在270℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第三熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第三熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(4) Feed 0.06 parts of Vistamaxx POE 7810 elastomer and 1.94 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the third melt-blown feeding device. The third melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 270°C to obtain a polymer melt. The circular spinneret hole on the third melt-blown spinneret (single row of holes) is ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of1700m3 /h at 200℃ to stretch the melt, and the air is heated at 15℃ After cooling, melt-blown fibers are obtained. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a third melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 220mm.
(5)将2份Metocene MF650X聚丙烯喂入第五熔喷喂料装置，由第五熔喷螺杆挤出机在220℃温度下挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第五熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第五熔喷纤维网，接收距离为200mm。(5) Feed 2 parts of Metocene MF650X polypropylene into the fifth melt-blown feeding device. The fifth melt-blown screw extruder extrudes and melts it at a temperature of 220°C to obtain a polymer melt. The fifth melt-blown spinneret The circular spinneret hole on the plate (multiple rows of holes) is ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of1700m3 /h at 200℃ to draw the melt, and the melt-blown fiber is obtained under wind cooling at 15℃ , the melt-blown fiber relies on its own thermal bonding to form the fifth melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 200mm.
(6)将第四熔喷纤维网、第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网和第五熔喷纤维网从下到上依次层叠后经过100℃的轧光辊，纤维网表面浮丝被烫平，纤维网形成光滑紧实的表面，然后经过45bar压力及110℃高温的热轧机再次热粘复合，得到层状复合材料。(6) The fourth melt-blown fiber web, the first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web, the third melt-blown fiber web and the fifth melt-blown fiber web are laminated in sequence from bottom to top and then rolled at 100°C. Using a smooth roller, the floating threads on the surface of the fiber web are ironed out, and the fiber web forms a smooth and compact surface. Then, it is hot-bonded and compounded again through a hot rolling machine with a pressure of 45 bar and a high temperature of 110°C to obtain a layered composite material.
实施例3Example 3
如图5所示(图中不同形状的纤维仅代表来自不同纤维层，不代表真实纤维形状)，本实施例的复合材料由四层纤维网构成，从下到上依次分别为第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网、第三熔喷纤维网、第四熔喷纤维网、第五熔喷纤维网。其中第一熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的25wt％，所用原料为PBAT(道恩集团有限公司)和Metocene MF650W聚丙烯，比例为40：60；第二熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的25wt％，所用原料为Metocene MF650W聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第三熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的25wt％，所用原料为TPUDN-2185弹性体(道恩集团有限公司)和Metocene MF650X聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)，比例为5：95；第四熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的25wt％，所用原料为GP1000B(W)聚酰胺(LG化学)。As shown in Figure 5 (the different shapes of fibers in the figure only represent the fibers from different fiber layers and do not represent the actual fiber shapes), the composite material of this embodiment is composed of four layers of fiber mesh, and the first melt-blown layer from bottom to top is Fiber web, second melt-blown fiber web, third melt-blown fiber web, fourth melt-blown fiber web, and fifth melt-blown fiber web. The first melt-blown fiber web accounts for 25wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw materials used are PBAT (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.) and Metocene MF650W polypropylene, with a ratio of 40:60; the second melt-blown fiber web accounts for 25wt% of the layered composite material. 25wt% of the layered composite material, the raw material used is Metocene MF650W polypropylene (Lyund Basel, London, UK); the third melt-blown fiber web accounts for 25wt% of the layered composite material, the raw material used is TPUDN-2185 elastomer (Dawn Group Co., Ltd. ) and Metocene MF650X polypropylene (Lyander Basel, London, UK), the ratio is 5:95; the fourth melt-blown fiber web accounts for 25wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is GP1000B (W) polyamide (LG Chem) .
本实施例提供的层状复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤(步骤1～4同时进行混喷)，所用装置如图6所示：The preparation method of layered composite materials provided in this embodiment includes the following steps (steps 1 to 4 are mixed and sprayed simultaneously), and the device used is shown in Figure 6:
(1)将2.5份GP1000B(W)聚酰胺喂入第四熔喷喂料装置，由第四熔喷螺杆挤出机在200℃温度下挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第四熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的三叶形喷丝孔喷出，三叶形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第四熔喷纤维网，接收距离为200mm。(1) Feed 2.5 parts of GP1000B(W) polyamide into the fourth melt-blown feeding device, and the fourth melt-blown screw extruder will extrud and melt it at a temperature of 200°C to obtain a polymer melt. The trilobal spinneret holes on the spinneret (multiple rows of holes) are ejected, and the trilobal fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of 1700m3 /h at 200°C to draw the melt, and cool it with wind at 15°C. Melt-blown fibers are obtained, and the melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a fourth melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 200 mm.
(2)将1份PBAT和1.5份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第一熔喷喂料装置，由第一熔喷螺杆挤出机在200℃温度下挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第一熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的十字形喷丝孔喷出，十字形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第一熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(2) Feed 1 part of PBAT and 1.5 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the first melt-blown feeding device, and the first melt-blown screw extruder will extrud and melt it at a temperature of 200°C to obtain a polymer melt. The cross-shaped spinneret holes on the melt-blown spinneret (multiple rows of holes) are ejected, and the cross-shaped fluid release holes release a hot air flow of1700m3 /h at 200℃ to draw the melt, and then cool it under 15℃ wind Melt-blown fibers are obtained, and the melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form the first melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 220 mm.
(3)将2.5份Metocene MF650W聚丙烯喂入第二熔喷喂料装置(“气刀熔喷”系统)，由第二熔喷螺杆挤出机在205℃温度下挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第二熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，由两股205℃的1550m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第二熔喷纤维网，接收距离为240mm。(3) Feed 2.5 parts of Metocene MF650W polypropylene into the second melt-blown feeding device ("air knife melt-blown" system), and the second melt-blown screw extruder will extrud and melt at a temperature of 205°C to obtain the polymer melt. The melt is ejected from the circular spinneret holes on the second melt-blown spinneret (single row of holes). The melt is drawn by two hot airflows of1550m3 /h at 205℃ and air-conditioned at 15℃. After cooling, melt-blown fibers are obtained. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a second melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 240mm.
(4)将0.125份TPU DN-2185弹性体和2.375份Metocene MF650X聚丙烯喂入第三熔喷喂料装置，由第三熔喷螺杆挤出机在220℃温度下挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第三熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放220℃的1600m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第三熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(4) Feed 0.125 parts of TPU DN-2185 elastomer and 2.375 parts of Metocene MF650X polypropylene into the third melt-blown feeding device, and the third melt-blown screw extruder will extrud and melt at 220°C to obtain the polymer melt. The body is ejected from the circular spinneret hole on the third melt-blown spinneret (multiple rows of holes). The circular fluid release hole releases a 1600m3 /h hot air flow at 220°C to stretch the melt, and then Melt-blown fibers are obtained under air cooling at 15°C. The melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a third melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 220 mm.
(5)将第四熔喷纤维网、第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网从下到上依次层叠后经过100℃的轧光辊，纤维网表面浮丝被烫平，纤维网形成光滑紧实的表面，然后经过45bar压力及110℃高温的热轧机再次热粘复合，得到层状复合材料。(5) The fourth melt-blown fiber web, the first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web and the third melt-blown fiber web are laminated in sequence from bottom to top and passed through a calendering roller at 100°C. The surface of the fiber webs becomes floating. The wires are ironed, and the fiber web forms a smooth and compact surface, which is then hot-bonded and compounded again through a hot rolling machine at a pressure of 45 bar and a high temperature of 110°C to obtain a layered composite material.
实施例4Example 4
如图7所示(图中不同形状的纤维仅代表来自不同纤维层，不代表真实纤维形状)，本实施例的复合材料由四层纤维网构成，从下到上依次分别为第一纺粘纤维网、第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网。其中第一纺粘纤维网占层状复合材料的10wt％，所用原料为PE-CLxx聚乙烯(广州金发科技有限公司)；第一熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的40wt％，所用原料为PBS(道恩集团有限公司)和PH835聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)，质量比为5：5；第二熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的30wt％，所用原料为PH835聚丙烯(利安德巴塞尔，英国伦敦)；第三熔喷纤维网占层状复合材料的20wt％，所用原料为YS-Y01聚酯(道恩集团有限公司)。As shown in Figure 7 (the different shapes of fibers in the figure only represent the fibers from different fiber layers and do not represent the actual fiber shapes), the composite material of this embodiment is composed of four layers of fiber mesh, and the first spunbond layer is the first spunbond layer from bottom to top. fiber web, a first melt-blown fiber web, a second melt-blown fiber web and a third melt-blown fiber web. The first spunbond fiber web accounts for 10wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is PE-CLxx polyethylene (Guangzhou Kingfa Technology Co., Ltd.); the first meltblown fiber web accounts for 40wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is PBS (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.) and PH835 polypropylene (Lyund Basel, London, UK), the mass ratio is 5:5; the second melt-blown fiber web accounts for 30wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is PH835 polypropylene (Lyanddell Basel, London, UK); the third meltblown fiber web accounts for 20wt% of the layered composite material, and the raw material used is YS-Y01 polyester (Dawn Group Co., Ltd.).
本实施例提供的层状复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤(步骤2～4同时进行混喷)，所用装置如图8所示：The preparation method of the layered composite material provided in this embodiment includes the following steps (steps 2 to 4 are mixed and sprayed simultaneously), and the device used is shown in Figure 8:
(1)将1份PE-CLxx聚乙烯喂入第一纺粘喂料装置，由第一纺粘螺杆挤出机在180℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第一纺粘喷丝板上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，经20℃冷却风冷却，再经负压牵伸，最终落在网帘上(独立纺丝成网，该纤维层与其他纤维层之间没有纤维交叉)，得到第一纺粘纤维网。(1) Feed 1 part of PE-CLxx polyethylene into the first spunbond feeding device. The first spunbond screw extruder is extruded and melted at 180°C to obtain a polymer melt. The polymer melt is obtained by the first spunbond spinneret. It is ejected from the circular spinneret on the screen, cooled by 20°C cooling air, and then drawn by negative pressure, and finally falls on the mesh curtain (independently spun into a mesh, there is no fiber cross between this fiber layer and other fiber layers) , the first spunbond fiber web was obtained.
(2)将2份PH835聚丙烯和2份PBS喂入第一熔喷喂料装置，由第一熔喷螺杆挤出机在200℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第一熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第一熔喷纤维网，接收距离为220mm。(2) Feed 2 parts of PH835 polypropylene and 2 parts of PBS into the first melt-blown feeding device. The first melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 200°C to obtain a polymer melt. The circular spinneret hole on the wire plate (multiple rows of holes) is ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of1700m3 /h at 200℃ to draw the melt, and the melt blowing is obtained under wind cooling at 15℃ Fibers, melt-blown fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form the first melt-blown fiber web, with a receiving distance of 220mm.
(3)将3份PH835聚丙烯喂入第二熔喷喂料装置，由第二熔喷螺杆挤出机在200℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第二熔喷喷丝板(单排孔)上的圆形喷丝孔喷出，圆形流体释放孔释放200℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维依靠自身热粘合作用形成第二熔喷纤维网，接收距离为240mm。(3) Feed 3 parts of PH835 polypropylene into the second melt-blown feeding device. The second melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 200°C to obtain a polymer melt. The second melt-blown spinneret (single The circular spinneret hole on the row hole) is ejected, and the circular fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of 1700m3 /h at 200°C to draw the melt, and the melt-blown fiber is obtained under air cooling at 15°C. The fibers rely on their own thermal bonding to form a second melt-blown fiber web with a receiving distance of 240mm.
(4)将2份YS-Y01聚酯喂入第三熔喷喂料装置，由第三熔喷螺杆挤出机在270℃挤压熔融得到聚合物熔体，由第三熔喷喷丝板(多排孔)上的三叶形喷丝孔喷出，三叶形流体释放孔释放270℃的1700m3/h的热气流对熔体进行牵伸，并在15℃风冷却下得到熔喷纤维，熔喷纤维落在成网帘上形成第三熔喷纤维网(独立纺丝成网，该纤维层与其他纤维层之间没有纤维交叉)，接收距离为220mm。(4) Feed 2 parts of YS-Y01 polyester into the third melt-blown feeding device. The third melt-blown screw extruder is extruded and melted at 270°C to obtain a polymer melt. The third melt-blown spinneret (Multiple rows of holes), the trilobal fluid release hole releases a hot air flow of1700m3 /h at 270℃ to stretch the melt, and the melt blowing is obtained under wind cooling at 15℃ Fibers, melt-blown fibers fall on the web curtain to form a third melt-blown fiber web (independently spun into a web, there is no fiber intersection between this fiber layer and other fiber layers), and the receiving distance is 220mm.
(5)将第一纺粘纤维网、第一熔喷纤维网、第二熔喷纤维网和第三熔喷纤维网从下到上依次层叠后经过100℃的轧光辊，纤维网表面浮丝被烫平，纤维网形成紧实的表面，然后经过50bar压力及120℃高温的热轧机再次热粘复合，得到层状复合材料。(5) The first spunbond fiber web, the first melt-blown fiber web, the second melt-blown fiber web and the third melt-blown fiber web are laminated in sequence from bottom to top and then passed through a calendering roller at 100°C. The surface of the fiber webs becomes floating. The wires are ironed, and the fiber web forms a tight surface, which is then hot-bonded and compounded again through a hot rolling machine with a pressure of 50 bar and a high temperature of 120°C to obtain a layered composite material.
对本发明实施例1～4制备的层状复合材料和常规熔喷材料进行性能测试，常规熔喷材料作为对比例，常规熔喷材料选用河北超材材料的熔喷材料，测试结果如表1所示。Performance tests were conducted on the layered composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and conventional melt-blown materials. The conventional melt-blown materials were used as comparative examples. The conventional melt-blown materials were selected from Hebei Super Material Materials. The test results are as shown in Table 1. Show.
表1实施例1～4的层状复合材料和对比例的性能测试结果Table 1 Performance test results of the layered composite materials of Examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples
根据表1可知：(1)相同克重的材料，本发明层状复合材料更厚，且透气性更优，这是由本发明层状复合材料中异形纤维形成的熔喷纤维网所带来的性能提升，异形纤维相比圆形纤维可以使材料更加蓬松，且透气性更好；异形纤维的比例越高，材料的各项性能越突出，本发明实施例3的异形纤维比例最高，因此其厚度和透气性最高；此外异形纤维的比表面积大小也与材料性能有一定关系，实施例1与实施例2所含异形纤维的比例均占层状复合材料的40wt％；According to Table 1, it can be seen that: (1) For materials with the same weight, the layered composite material of the present invention is thicker and has better air permeability. This is caused by the melt-blown fiber web formed by the special-shaped fibers in the layered composite material of the present invention. Improved performance. Compared with round fibers, special-shaped fibers can make the material more fluffy and have better air permeability. The higher the proportion of special-shaped fibers, the more outstanding the various properties of the material. Embodiment 3 of the present invention has the highest proportion of special-shaped fibers, so its The thickness and air permeability are the highest; in addition, the specific surface area of the special-shaped fibers is also related to the material properties. The proportion of special-shaped fibers in Example 1 and Example 2 both account for 40wt% of the layered composite material;
(2)本发明实施例1制备的层状复合材料的伸长率，相比市售熔喷材料有十分突出的改进，证明实施例1中的弹性体熔喷纤维网发挥了作用，使产品的弹性增加，并且保持了较好的强力，实施例1～3中均添加弹性体，弹性体熔喷纤维网给材料提供了更好的弹性和柔韧性；本发明实施例2和实施例4制备的层状复合材料的强力相比市售常规熔喷材料有巨大提升，主要原因是层状复合材料的聚酯熔喷纤维网给材料提供了更优异的强力，此外实施例4的纺粘纤维网也使得层状复合材料具有更高的强力。(2) The elongation of the layered composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention is significantly improved compared to commercially available melt-blown materials, proving that the elastomer melt-blown fiber web in Example 1 has played a role in making the product The elasticity is increased and good strength is maintained. Elastomers are added in Examples 1 to 3. The elastomer melt-blown fiber net provides the material with better elasticity and flexibility; Example 2 and Example 4 of the present invention The strength of the prepared layered composite material is greatly improved compared to conventional melt-blown materials on the market. The main reason is that the polyester melt-blown fiber mesh of the layered composite material provides the material with better strength. In addition, the spunbond of Example 4 Fiber webs also make layered composites stronger.
由以上实施例可知，本发明提供的层状复合材料兼具多种性能优势，在厚度蓬松性、强力和弹力等性能方面均达到常规熔喷材料没有的水平，整体性能优异。It can be seen from the above examples that the layered composite material provided by the present invention has a variety of performance advantages. In terms of thickness, bulkiness, strength, elasticity and other properties, it has reached a level not found in conventional melt-blown materials, and has excellent overall performance.
尽管上述实施例对本发明做出了详尽的描述，但它仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例，还可以根据本实施例在不经创造性前提下获得其他实施例，这些实施例都属于本发明保护范围。Although the above embodiments describe the present invention in detail, they are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments can also be obtained according to this embodiment without any inventive step, and these embodiments are all It belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311762487.2ACN117734264A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Layered composite material, and preparation method, device and application thereof |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311762487.2ACN117734264A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Layered composite material, and preparation method, device and application thereof |
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| CN117734264Atrue CN117734264A (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN202311762487.2APendingCN117734264A (en) | 2023-12-20 | 2023-12-20 | Layered composite material, and preparation method, device and application thereof |
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