Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the supervision efficiency of engineering projects, the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for digitally managing the whole engineering construction process.
In a first aspect, the application provides a digital management method for the whole engineering construction process, which adopts the following technical scheme:
A digital management method for the whole process of engineering construction comprises the following steps:
Acquiring project information of a project to be processed, wherein the project information comprises a project type;
Determining a proctoring list template set of the item information based on the item type, the proctoring list template set including a plurality of proctoring list templates;
Dividing the project information based on the supervision list template to obtain a plurality of project sub-information, wherein the project sub-information corresponds to the supervision list template one by one;
generating a supervision list based on the project sub-information and a supervision list template corresponding to the project sub-information;
And sending the supervision list to the mobile terminal of the corresponding staff.
By adopting the technical scheme, the item type is determined through the item information, the corresponding supervision list template set is determined through the item type, the item information is divided through the supervision list templates in the supervision list template set, a plurality of item sub-information is obtained, the item sub-information is added to the corresponding supervision list templates to form the supervision list, and compared with the mode that when the item information of the construction item is obtained, the supervision list needs to be searched for a part detected by a supervision person in the item information, the time for determining the supervision list of each worker is greatly improved, and further the supervision efficiency of the engineering item is improved.
Optionally, the determining the proctoring inventory template set of the item information based on the item type includes:
inquiring whether first historical item information matched with the item type exists in an item information base;
if yes, acquiring all history supervision lists corresponding to the first history item information;
determining a proctoring inventory template based on the historical proctoring inventory;
and forming the proctoring list template into the proctoring list set.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first historical project information matched with the project information is searched for in the project information, and the plurality of supervision list templates are determined through the history supervision lists in the first historical project information, so that the first historical project supervision experience with the same project type is applied to the project to be processed, and the matching degree of the supervision list templates and the project to be processed is improved.
Optionally, the dividing the item information based on the proctoring list template to obtain a plurality of item sub-information, where the item sub-information corresponds to the proctoring list template one to one, and the method includes:
Acquiring a first project stage to be processed in the project information;
Selecting a proctoring list template in the proctoring list template set based on the first to-be-processed item stage, and taking the selected proctoring list template as a to-be-used template;
Determining the to-be-used template to determine an audit item;
Dividing project information based on the audit project to obtain a plurality of project sub-information;
and generating a supervision list based on the project sub-information of each audit project and the supervision list template.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, divide project information through managing the list template, obtain a plurality of list templates and project sub-information one-to-one of managing, can make the supervision work more systematic and specializedly, make the information of managing more comprehensive, reduce the possibility that the information takes place to miss.
Optionally, after the acquiring the project information of the project to be processed, the method further includes:
Judging whether the project information is updated or not in real time;
If the project information is updated, acquiring updated contents;
judging whether the updated content belongs to the first to-be-processed project stage or not;
if the updated content belongs to the first to-be-processed item stage, acquiring an audit item to which the updated content belongs;
And adding the updated content into a supervision list template corresponding to the auditing item, and sending updated information to staff.
By adopting the technical scheme, the updating information of the project information can be monitored in real time, so that the supervision work can timely respond to the change of the project, the efficiency and the adaptability of the supervision work are improved, meanwhile, the updating content is added into the corresponding supervision list template, the accuracy and the consistency of the supervision work can be kept, and the standardization and the management of the supervision work are facilitated.
Optionally, if the first to-be-processed item stage does not belong, the method further includes:
A second to-be-processed project stage corresponding to the updated content is obtained;
judging whether the second to-be-processed project stage is positioned before the first to-be-processed project stage;
If the first project to be processed is located before the first project to be processed stage, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the updated content;
adding the updated content into a corresponding supervision list template;
If the first to-be-processed project stage is not located before the first to-be-processed project stage, acquiring the ending time and the current time of the first to-be-processed project stage;
Calculating a time difference based on the end time and the current time;
Judging that the time difference value is larger than a time threshold value;
if the time threshold value is larger than the time threshold value, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the second to-be-processed project stage;
and adding the updated content into the corresponding supervision list template.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the second to-be-processed project stage is positioned before the first to-be-processed project stage, the corresponding supervision list is directly updated, so that the synchronism of data is ensured; when the second to-be-processed project stage is positioned after the first to-be-processed project stage and the time difference exceeds the time threshold, the update content is added into the supervision list template corresponding to the second to-be-processed project stage so as to facilitate the auditing of staff, thereby reducing the possibility that the update content is modified and the supervision list is frequently modified.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
acquiring the supervision list and the project standard list;
and determining the project acceptance result of the project to be processed based on the supervision list and the project standard list.
By adopting the technical scheme, the engineering acceptance result can be rapidly determined through the supervision list and the project standard clearance list, so that the inspection of workers is facilitated.
Optionally, the acquiring the proctoring list and the project standard list includes:
Inquiring whether second historical item information matched with the item type exists in an item information base;
If second history item information matched with the item type exists, acquiring the quantity of the second history item information;
Judging whether the number of the second historical item information is larger than 1;
if the item standard list is larger than 1, determining an item standard list based on a preset strategy and second historical item information.
In a second aspect, the application provides a digital management device for the whole engineering construction process, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an engineering construction overall process digital management device, comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring project information of the project to be processed, wherein the project information comprises project types;
The determining module is used for determining a proctorial list template set of the project information based on the project type, wherein the proctorial list template set comprises a plurality of proctorial list templates;
The division module is used for dividing the project information based on the supervision list template to obtain a plurality of project sub-information, wherein the project sub-information corresponds to the supervision list template one by one;
The generation module is used for generating a supervision list based on the project sub-information and a supervision list template corresponding to the project sub-information;
and the sending module is used for sending the supervision list to the mobile terminal of the corresponding staff.
By adopting the technical scheme, the item type is determined through the item information, the corresponding supervision list template set is determined through the item type, the item information is divided through the supervision list templates in the supervision list template set, a plurality of item sub-information is obtained, the item sub-information is added to the corresponding supervision list templates to form the supervision list, and compared with the mode that when the item information of the construction item is obtained, the supervision list needs to be searched for a part detected by a supervision person in the item information, the time for determining the supervision list of each worker is greatly improved, and further the supervision efficiency of the engineering item is improved.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the processor coupled with the memory;
the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method according to any one of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program or instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the first aspects.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In this context, unless otherwise specified, the term "/" generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.
Embodiments of the application are described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a digital management method for the whole engineering construction process, which can be executed by electronic equipment, wherein the electronic equipment can be a server or terminal equipment, and the server can be an independent physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system formed by a plurality of physical servers, or a cloud server for providing cloud computing service. The terminal device may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, etc.
As shown in fig. 1, a digital management method for the whole engineering construction process is described as follows (steps S101 to S105):
Step S101, acquiring project information of a project to be processed, wherein the project information comprises project types;
The whole engineering project process comprises, but is not limited to, project planning, design management, bid purchase, project management, detection authentication, completion delivery and operation maintenance, and in the embodiment, the whole engineering project process is integrated in a management platform, so that the whole engineering project period process is conveniently carried out. The management platform may be a terminal device. The terminal device may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, etc. In this embodiment, the staff may input the information of the engineering project into the electronic device, and may scan the information of the engineering project onto the electronic device by using a scanning technique, which is not limited in detail.
In particular, the project supervision is also part of the whole process of the project, and in the implementation process of the project, the whole process of the project needs to be supervised, namely, the project information is checked, so that the electronic equipment can acquire the project information.
The acquired project information is used as project information of the project to be processed, the project information comprises, but is not limited to, project planning, design management, bidding purchasing, project management, detection authentication, completion delivery and operation maintenance information, and the project type comprises, but is not limited to, industry, agriculture, transportation, construction industry and post and telecommunications. Step S102, determining a supervision list template set of item information based on item types, wherein the supervision list template set comprises a plurality of supervision list templates;
Specifically, inquiring whether first historical project information matched with the project type exists in a project information base; if yes, acquiring all history supervision lists corresponding to the first history item information; determining a supervision list template based on the history supervision list; and forming the supervision list templates into a supervision list set.
In this embodiment, the history list templates corresponding to different types of items may be different, so when determining a type item of an engineering item to be processed, the electronic device searches for first history item information identical to the type item of the engineering item to be processed in the item information base, when the first history item information exists in the item information base, directly obtains all history supervision lists corresponding to the first history item, and when the first history item information does not exist in the item information base, determines first history item information matched with the type of the item through the item big database, thereby determining a supervision list template set.
Wherein each engineering project comprises a plurality of processing stages, such as a pre-preparation stage, a construction stage and a completion acceptance stage, each processing stage comprises a different audit project, for example, the audit project of the construction preparation stage comprises, but is not limited to, assisting a principal in auditing the qualification and construction license of a construction unit, and the audit project of the construction stage comprises, but is not limited to, comprehensively supervising and managing the quality, progress, investment and safety aspects of the construction process; audit items at the completion acceptance stage include, but are not limited to, inspection of project quality, assessment of project progress, and settlement of investment costs.
When a plurality of first historical item information exists, each historical supervision list of each first historical item information is obtained, the same audit items in the same processing stage form an audit group, audit items in all audit items in the audit group are obtained, a union set is obtained for all audit items to obtain an audit item data set, a supervision list template is generated based on the audit item data set, and the supervision list templates of all audit items of the engineering item to be processed form a supervision list set.
Step S103, dividing the project information based on the supervision list template to obtain a plurality of project sub-information, wherein the project sub-information corresponds to the supervision list template one by one;
Specifically, a first project stage to be processed in project information is acquired; selecting a proctoring list template in a proctoring list template set based on the first to-be-processed project stage, and taking the selected proctoring list template as a to-be-used template; determining a template to be used for determining an audit item; dividing the project information based on the audit projects to obtain a plurality of project sub-messages, and generating a supervision list based on the project sub-information of each audit project and a supervision list template.
In this embodiment, when the electronic device obtains the item information, the item stage included in the item information is determined based on nlp semantic recognition technology, which is referred to herein as a first processing item stage, a proctorial list template corresponding to the first processing item stage is obtained, and the content corresponding to each list template is extracted from the item information based on nlp semantic recognition technology, and each part of content is used as one item sub-information.
Step S104, a supervision list is generated based on the project sub-information and a supervision list template corresponding to the project sub-information;
In this embodiment, audit entries in each audit list template are obtained, the project sub-information is split, and the project sub-information is added to the positions of the corresponding audit entries, so as to obtain the audit list, wherein the project sub-information can be split by adopting nlp semantic analysis technology.
Step S105, the supervision list is sent to the mobile terminal of the corresponding staff.
In this embodiment, staff corresponding to each audit item is obtained, the audit item is associated with the auditor, when the electronic device obtains the supervision list, the audit item corresponding to the supervision list is obtained, and the supervision list is sent to the mobile terminal of the corresponding staff, so that the staff can audit, wherein the mobile terminal includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone and a computer.
After the project information of the project to be processed is acquired, the method further comprises the following steps:
Specifically, whether the project information is updated or not is judged in real time; if the project information is updated, acquiring updated contents; judging whether the updated content belongs to a first to-be-processed project stage or not; if the first item to be processed belongs to the first item to be processed, acquiring an audit item to which the updated content belongs; and adding the updated content into a supervision list template corresponding to the auditing project, and sending updated information to staff.
In this embodiment, the electronic device determines whether the project information is updated in real time, when the project information is updated, obtains the updated content, determines a project stage where the updated content is located by using nlp semantic analysis, and when the project stage is a first stage to be processed, obtains an audit project of the updated content and a supervision list template corresponding to the audit project, and adds the updated content to a position corresponding to the supervision list template, thereby updating the supervision list, and marking the updated content in the supervision list, wherein the marking mode can be color marking or symbol marking, which is not particularly limited; after updating the supervision list, the update information is sent to the mobile terminal of the corresponding staff, so that the staff can know the update information in time and check the more content in time, and the accuracy of auditing the project information is improved.
Wherein when the updated content belongs to the first to-be-processed item stage, the method further comprises the following steps:
Specifically, a second to-be-processed project stage corresponding to the updated content is obtained; judging whether the second to-be-processed project stage is positioned before the first to-be-processed project stage; if the first project to be processed is located before the first project to be processed, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the updated content; adding the updated content into the corresponding supervision list template; if the first to-be-processed project stage is not located before the first to-be-processed project stage, acquiring the ending time and the current time of the first to-be-processed project stage; calculating a time difference based on the end time and the current time; judging that the time difference value is larger than a time threshold value; if the time threshold value is larger than the time threshold value, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the second to-be-processed project stage; and adding the updated content into the corresponding supervision list template.
In this embodiment, when the update content does not belong to the first to-be-processed item stage, determining a second to-be-processed item stage based on the update content, determining a processing sequence of the first to-be-processed item stage and the second to-be-processed item stage, and when the second to-be-processed item stage is located before the first to-be-processed item stage, updating the supervision list by using the method that the update content belongs to the first to-be-processed stage.
When the second to-be-processed project stage is located after the first to-be-processed project stage, acquiring the end time and the current time of the first to-be-processed project stage, and making a difference between the end time and the current time to obtain a time difference value, wherein the current time and the end time refer to dates, in this embodiment, a time threshold can be determined according to the construction period of each processing stage, the time threshold can be the duration corresponding to the construction period of the processing stage, and when the time difference value is greater than the time threshold, a supervision list template corresponding to the second to-be-processed project stage is acquired, and at the moment, a supervision list completed at a certain stage is generated according to the supervision list template and updated contents, so that staff can perform auditing, and the possibility that updated contents are modified frequently, so that the supervision list is modified is reduced.
It is specifically described that the first stage to be processed is a stage in which the engineering project is being processed, and when the second stage to be processed is located at the first stage to be processed, the second stage to be processed can only be a next stage of the first stage to be processed.
In this embodiment, the project acceptance result may also be determined according to the supervision list and the project standard list.
Specifically, a supervision list and an item standard list are obtained; and determining the project acceptance result of the project to be processed based on the supervision list and the project standard list.
The method comprises the following steps of obtaining a supervision list and an item standard list, wherein the supervision list and the item standard list comprise the following contents:
specifically, inquiring whether second historical project information matched with the project type exists in a project information base; if the second historical project information matched with the project type exists, acquiring the quantity of the second historical project information; judging whether the number of the second history item information is more than 1; if the item standard list is larger than 1, determining an item standard list based on a preset strategy and second historical item information.
The project standard list in this embodiment refers to a period of each processing stage, a period of the entire project, a project budget, and the number of materials used for the project.
In this embodiment, the determining manner of the item standard list may be: inquiring second historical project information matched with the project type in a project information base, directly acquiring a historical supervision list corresponding to the second historical project information when only one piece of second historical project information exists, acquiring first scale information of the second historical project and second scale information of the project to be processed, directly taking the historical supervision list as a project standard list when the difference value of the first scale information and the second scale information is in a preset range, and calculating a first proportion value of the first scale and the second scale when the first scale information and the second scale information are not in the preset range, and determining the project standard list of the project to be processed based on the first proportion value and the historical supervision list, wherein the preset range can be 100 square meters.
When a plurality of pieces of second historical project information exist, acquiring first scale information of the second historical projects and second scale information of the project to be processed, inquiring whether a historical supervision list with the first scale information and the second scale information in a preset range exists, and when a plurality of pieces of historical supervision lists in the preset range exist, calculating average values in the historical supervision lists, wherein the average values are used as project lists; when the history supervision lists with the first scale information and the second scale information in the preset range do not exist, calculating the difference value of each first scale information and the second scale information, selecting a history supervision list with the smallest difference value, calculating the second proportion value of the first scale and the second scale of the selected history supervision list, and determining the project standard list of the project to be processed based on the second proportion value and the selected history supervision list.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a digital management device 200 for the whole engineering construction process according to the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the whole process digital management device 200 for engineering construction mainly includes:
An obtaining module 201, configured to obtain project information of a project to be processed, where the project information includes a project type;
A determining module 202, configured to determine a proctoring inventory template set of the item information based on the item type, where the proctoring inventory template set includes a plurality of proctoring inventory templates;
The dividing module 203 is configured to divide the project information based on the proctoring inventory template to obtain a plurality of project sub-information, where the project sub-information corresponds to the proctoring inventory template one by one;
the generating module 204 is configured to generate a supervision manifest based on the project sub-information and a supervision manifest template corresponding to the project sub-information;
And the sending module 205 is configured to send the supervision list to a mobile terminal of a corresponding staff member.
As an alternative implementation of this embodiment, the determining module 202 includes:
The information inquiry sub-module is used for inquiring whether first historical project information matched with the project type exists in the project information base; if yes, acquiring all history supervision lists corresponding to the first history item information;
and the composition submodule is used for determining a supervision list template based on the history supervision list and forming the supervision list template into the supervision list set.
As an alternative implementation of this embodiment, the dividing module 203 includes:
the stage acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring a first project stage to be processed in the project information;
The template selecting submodule is used for selecting a supervision list template in the supervision list template set based on the first to-be-processed project stage, and taking the selected supervision list template as a to-be-used template;
the project determination submodule is used for determining a to-be-used template to determine an audit project;
The division obtaining sub-module is used for dividing the project information based on the audit project to obtain a plurality of project sub-information;
And the list generation sub-module is used for generating a supervision list based on the project sub-information of each audit project and the supervision list template.
As an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, the whole engineering construction process digital management apparatus 200 further includes:
The updating judging module is used for judging whether the project information is updated or not in real time after acquiring the project information of the project to be processed; if the project information is updated, acquiring updated contents;
the stage judging module is used for judging whether the updated content belongs to a first to-be-processed project stage or not; if the update content belongs to the stage of the item to be processed, acquiring an audit item to which the update content belongs;
And the adding and transmitting module is used for adding the updated content into the supervision list template corresponding to the auditing project and transmitting the updated information to the staff.
As an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, the whole engineering construction process digital management apparatus 200 further includes:
the project stage acquisition module is used for acquiring a second project stage to be processed corresponding to the updated content if the project stage to be processed does not belong to the first project stage to be processed;
The judging module is used for judging whether the second to-be-processed project stage is positioned before the first to-be-processed project stage or not, and if so, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the updated content;
The content adding module is used for adding the updated content into the corresponding supervision list template;
The time acquisition module is used for acquiring the ending time and the current time of the first project stage to be processed if the first project stage to be processed is not located before the first project stage to be processed;
A calculation module for calculating a time difference based on the end time and the current time;
The time judging module is used for judging that the time difference value is larger than a time threshold value; if the time threshold value is larger than the time threshold value, acquiring a supervision list template corresponding to the second to-be-processed project stage;
and the template adding module is used for adding the updated content into the corresponding supervision list template.
As an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, the whole engineering construction process digital management apparatus 200 further includes:
The list acquisition module is used for acquiring a supervision list and an item standard list;
And the result determining module is used for determining the project acceptance result of the project to be processed based on the supervision list and the project standard list.
In this optional embodiment, the manifest acquisition module is specifically configured to:
Inquiring whether second historical project information matched with the project type exists in a project information base; if the second historical project information matched with the project type exists, acquiring the quantity of the second historical project information; judging whether the number of the second history item information is more than 1; if the item standard list is larger than 1, determining an item standard list based on a preset strategy and second historical item information.
The functional modules in the embodiment of the application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored on a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of an engineering construction whole process digital management method of various embodiments of the present application.
It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described system, apparatus and module may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the electronic device 300 includes a memory 301, a processor 302, and a communication bus 303; the memory 301 and the processor 302 are connected by a communication bus 303. The memory 301 stores therein a digital management method capable of being loaded by the processor 302 and performing the whole engineering construction process as provided in the above-described embodiment.
Memory 301 may be used to store instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 301 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function, instructions for implementing an engineering construction whole process digital management method provided by the above embodiments, and the like; the data storage area may store data and the like involved in the whole engineering construction process digital management method provided by the above embodiment.
Processor 302 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 302 performs the various functions of the present application and processes data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 301, invoking data stored in the memory 301. The Processor 602 may be at least one of an Application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit (ASIC), a digital signal Processor (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processor, DSP), a digital signal processing device (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processing Device, DSPD), a programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor. It will be appreciated that the electronics for implementing the functions of the processor 302 described above may be other for different devices, and embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited.
Communication bus 303 may include a path to transfer information between the components. The communication bus 303 may be a PCI (PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT, peripheral component interconnect standard) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, or the like. The communication bus 303 may be classified into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one double arrow is shown in fig. 3, but not only one bus or one type of bus.
An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program capable of being loaded by a processor and executing an engineering construction whole process digital management method as provided in the above embodiment.
In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that holds and stores instructions for use by the instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any combination of the preceding. In particular, the computer readable storage medium may be a portable computer disk, hard disk, USB flash disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), podium random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disk (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, optical disk, magnetic disk, mechanical coding device, and any combination of the foregoing.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the application is not limited to the specific combinations of the features described above, but also covers other embodiments which may be formed by any combination of the features described above or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the application. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features having similar functions (but not limited to) applied for in the present application are replaced with each other.