Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a water conservancy real-time monitoring method and system based on a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, and solves the problems of the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application is realized by the following technical scheme: a water conservancy real-time monitoring method and system based on GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology comprises the following steps: the system comprises a water conservancy data acquisition module, a water conservancy data processing module, a water conservancy data analysis module, a judgment module, an early warning module, a database module and a visualization module; the water conservancy data acquisition module is used for acquiring water conservancy data, wherein the water conservancy data comprises: hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data; the hydraulic data processing module is used for constructing a three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of hydraulic engineering through GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology based on hydraulic data to obtain hydrologic parameters and water pollutant parameters; the water conservancy data analysis module is used for evaluating the change index of the water level based on the hydrological parameters and evaluating the change index of the water quality based on the water pollutant parameters; the judging module is used for judging the relation between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold, and calculating the water conservancy abnormality index; the early warning module is used for analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring personnel; the visualization module is used for updating the three-dimensional model of the constructed hydrologic geographic information, the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering and the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology in real time and presenting the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering and the change index, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface; the database module is used for storing the standard value of the water pollutant parameter and the threshold value of the water conservancy abnormality index.
Further, the hydrographic geographic data includes: precipitation data, surface water data, groundwater data, topography data, and soil data; the hydraulic engineering data comprises: building material data, local meteorological data, hydraulic engineering design drawing data and hydraulic engineering operation data.
Further, based on water conservancy data, the specific process of constructing the three-dimensional model of the hydrologic geographic information and the three-dimensional model of the water conservancy project through the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology is as follows: preprocessing hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data, wherein the preprocessing of the hydrologic geographic data and the hydraulic engineering data comprises the following steps: data conversion, data cleaning and data missing value filling; the method comprises the steps of respectively importing preprocessed hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data into GIS and BIM software, carrying out geographic coding and spatial data analysis on the hydrologic geographic data by the GIS, generating digital expression of hydrologic geographic information, constructing a primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model, carrying out digital modeling on the hydraulic engineering data by the BIM, constructing a primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model, carrying out format unification and standardization processing on the primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model, and placing the primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model under the same coordinate system for spatial alignment and data interaction to form the hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model.
Further, the hydrologic parameters include: precipitation amount, runoff amount; the water body pollutant parameters comprise: nitrogen and phosphorus compound concentration, heavy metal concentration and suspended solid concentration.
Further, based on the hydrologic parameter, the calculation formula of the change index of the estimated water level is as follows:
wherein->An index of change in water level, P represents precipitation, Q represents runoff, e represents natural number,/->And a correction compensation factor indicating the index of change of the precipitation and runoff corresponding to the water level.
Further, based on the water pollutant parameters, the calculation formula for evaluating the water quality change index is as follows:
，/>the water quality change index is represented by N, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, C, the concentration of heavy metals, T, the concentration of suspended solids and +.>Standard value for representing concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, < >>Standard value of heavy metal concentration,/->Standard value of suspended solids concentration,/->The weight factors of the corresponding water quality change indexes of the phosphorus compound concentration, the heavy metal concentration and the suspended solid concentration are represented, and e represents a natural number.
Further, the process of judging the relationship between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold is as follows: when the change index of the water level is larger than the threshold value of the change index of the water level or the change index of the water quality is larger than the threshold value of the change index of the water quality, the water conservancy abnormality index is 1, and when the change index of the water level is smaller than the threshold value of the change index of the water level and the change index of the water quality is smaller than the threshold value of the change index of the water quality, the water conservancy abnormality index is 0; the calculation formula for calculating the water conservancy abnormality index is as follows:，/>indicating index of abnormality of water conservancy,/->Threshold value representing the index of change of the water level, +.>A threshold value representing a water quality change index.
Further, the specific process of analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring personnel is as follows: based on the water conservancy abnormality index, when the water conservancy abnormality index is equal to 1, the water conservancy abnormality index indicates that the water conservancy exists, and the monitoring personnel is required to be informed by sending out an alarm, and when the water conservancy abnormality index is equal to 0, the water conservancy abnormality index indicates that the water conservancy does not exist, and the monitoring personnel is not required to be informed by sending out an alarm.
Further, the specific process of constructing the three-dimensional model of the hydrologic geographic information and the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, updating the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index in real time and presenting the updated indexes to the user through the visual interface is as follows: the visualization module displays the constructed hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model in a webpage through data interaction with the water conservancy data acquisition module, the water conservancy data processing module, the water conservancy data analysis module and the early warning module, and simultaneously updates the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index in real time and displays the change index, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface by utilizing a line graph.
A method for a water conservancy real-time monitoring system based on a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, comprising the following steps: s1, acquiring water conservancy data, wherein the water conservancy data comprises: hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data; s2, constructing a three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of hydraulic engineering through a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology based on hydraulic data to obtain hydrologic parameters; s3, based on hydrological parameters, evaluating a change index of the water level, and based on water pollutant parameters, evaluating a water quality change index; s4, judging the relation between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold, and calculating the water conservancy abnormality index; s5, analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index, and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring staff; s6, constructing a hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and a hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model based on a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, updating a water quality change index and a water conservancy abnormality index in real time, and displaying the water conservancy geographic information three-dimensional model and the water conservancy engineering three-dimensional model and the water level change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the water conservancy real-time monitoring method and system based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, the efficiency and accuracy of the hydraulic engineering are improved by calculating the water level change index, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index, monitoring staff are helped to grasp the water conservancy situation in time, appropriate measures are taken when the abnormality occurs, the occurrence of water conservancy disasters is reduced or avoided, and a decision maker can be helped to make reasonable decisions in engineering design and planning stages, engineering risks are reduced, and water resource allocation is optimized.
(2) According to the water conservancy real-time monitoring method and system based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, the hydraulic geographical information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model are constructed, the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index are updated in real time and are presented to the user through the visual interface, so that the water conservancy situation can be better displayed, and the user can know more visual and comprehensive water conservancy information.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the application to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application realizes the problem of real-time water conservancy monitoring through the water conservancy real-time monitoring method and the system based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology.
The problems in the embodiment of the application have the following general ideas:
firstly, acquiring water conservancy data, wherein the water conservancy data comprises: and based on the hydraulic data, constructing a three-dimensional model of the hydraulic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering by a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology to obtain the hydraulic parameters.
Based on hydrologic parameters, the change index of the water level is evaluated, based on water pollutant parameters, the change index of the water level is evaluated, the relationship between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the relationship between the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold are judged, the water conservancy abnormality index is calculated, the water conservancy abnormality index is analyzed, and the monitoring personnel is informed of the alarm sent out in time.
And constructing a three-dimensional model of the hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, updating the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index in real time, and displaying the updated index to a user through a visual interface.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the application provides a technical scheme: a water conservancy real-time monitoring system based on GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology comprises the following steps: : the system comprises a water conservancy data acquisition module, a water conservancy data processing module, a water conservancy data analysis module, a judgment module, an early warning module, a database module and a visualization module.
The water conservancy data acquisition module is used for acquiring water conservancy data, wherein the water conservancy data comprises: hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data.
Specifically, the hydrographic geographic data includes: precipitation data, surface water data, groundwater data, topography data, soil data, hydraulic engineering data include: building material data, local meteorological data, hydraulic engineering design drawing data and hydraulic engineering operation data.
In this embodiment, elements such as a geographical environment, hydrologic features and hydraulic engineering facilities can be presented in a three-dimensional form through hydrologic geographic data and building material data, so that a model is more visual and visualized, the features of the geographical environment and the layout and structure of the hydraulic engineering can be better understood, an intuitive information basis is provided for a user, and simultaneously, the hydrologic geographic data and the building material data can be used for laying a foundation for constructing a hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and a hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model.
The water conservancy data processing module is used for constructing a three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of water conservancy project through GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology based on water conservancy data to obtain hydrologic parameters and water body pollutant parameters.
Specifically, based on water conservancy data, the specific process of constructing the three-dimensional model of the hydrologic geographic information and the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering through the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology is as follows: preprocessing hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data, wherein the preprocessing of the hydrologic geographic data and the hydraulic engineering data comprises the following steps: data conversion, data cleaning and data missing value filling; the method comprises the steps of respectively importing preprocessed hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data into GIS and BIM software, carrying out geographic coding and spatial data analysis on the hydrologic geographic data by the GIS, generating digital expression of hydrologic geographic information, constructing a primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model, carrying out digital modeling on the hydraulic engineering data by the BIM, constructing a primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model, carrying out format unification and standardization processing on the primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model, and placing the primary hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the primary hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model under the same coordinate system for spatial alignment and data interaction to form the hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model.
In the embodiment, in GIS and BIM software, the standard data format Shapefile can be used for importing and exporting the hydrologic geographic data and the hydraulic engineering data, the data are converted into a unified format, data sharing and communication are carried out among different software, and the hydrologic geographic characteristics and hydraulic engineering facilities of an area can be comprehensively reflected by integrating the hydrologic geographic data and the hydraulic engineering data. The model covers the contents of the hydrographic geographic information such as the topography, the hydrographic elements, the water resource distribution and the like, the structure, the layout, the functions and the like of the hydraulic engineering, and provides a comprehensive information foundation for a decision maker; the GIS technology and the BIM technology are utilized to visually display hydrologic geographic information and hydraulic engineering in a three-dimensional form, and a decision maker can more easily understand and analyze related data through an intuitive space model and a graphical interface, so that the accuracy and efficiency of decision making are improved; the hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model are constructed based on GIS and BIM software, and data sharing and cooperative work can be conveniently carried out. Different departments and personnel can share the same data source, so that data redundancy and repeated work are reduced, and the data utilization efficiency and the work efficiency are improved.
Specifically, the hydrologic parameters include: precipitation amount, runoff amount; the water body pollutant parameters include: nitrogen and phosphorus compound concentration, heavy metal concentration and suspended solid concentration.
In this embodiment, precipitation and runoff are important parameters for assessing water level changes. The change of the water level can be known by monitoring and analyzing the change of the precipitation and the runoff, and the change of the water level has important significance for water resource regulation, flood control, drought relief and the like, so that the evaluation of the water level change index can help to judge the utilization condition of the water resource and the health state of a hydrologic system; the water pollutant parameters including nitrogen and phosphorus compound concentration, heavy metal concentration and suspended solid concentration are key indexes for evaluating water quality change, and reflect the pollution degree of the water and the accumulation condition of pollutants. By monitoring and analyzing the changes of the parameters, the water quality condition of the water body can be estimated, and corresponding water pollution treatment measures can be timely taken. The assessment of the water quality change index can help to protect the water source, maintain the ecological environment and improve the healthy water of the people.
The water conservancy data analysis module is used for evaluating the change index of the water level based on the hydrologic parameter and evaluating the water quality change index based on the water pollutant parameter.
Specifically, based on the hydrologic parameters, the calculation formula for evaluating the change index of the water level is as follows:
wherein->An index of change in water level, P represents precipitation, Q represents runoff, e represents natural number,/->Indicating the corresponding water level of precipitation and runoffA modified compensation factor for the change index of (a).
In this embodiment, two parameters, namely precipitation and runoff, are needed for calculating the water level change index, and the two parameters are also needed for calculating the water conservancy abnormality index as basic data, so that when the water conservancy abnormality index is calculated, the change information of precipitation and runoff can be obtained by calculating the water level change index, thereby better evaluating the hydrologic situation of the river basin; the calculation of the water level change index can provide basic data and reference basis for evaluating the water conservancy abnormality index, help us to better understand the hydrologic situation in the flow field, discover problems in time, and take corresponding measures for management and regulation.
Specifically, based on the water pollutant parameters, the calculation formula for evaluating the water quality change index is as follows:
，/>the water quality change index is represented by N, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, C, the concentration of heavy metals, T, the concentration of suspended solids and +.>Standard value for representing concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, < >>Standard value of heavy metal concentration,/->Standard value of suspended solids concentration,/->The weight factors of the corresponding water quality change indexes of the phosphorus compound concentration, the heavy metal concentration and the suspended solid concentration are represented, and e represents a natural number.
In this embodiment, the water quality change index can provide information about the water conditions to better assess the hydrologic situation of the basin. By analyzing and comparing the time sequence change trend of the water quality change index, we can know the development trend of water pollution in the river basin, the distribution rule of pollutants, and the possible pollution sources and pollutant types. The information has important reference value for predicting flood disasters and formulating flood control drought-resistant scheme work; the calculation of the water quality change index can provide basic data and reference basis for evaluating the water conservancy abnormality index, help us to better understand the hydrologic situation and water quality condition of the river basin, and help to predict flood disasters, formulate flood control drought resisting schemes and the like, so that sustainable development of the river basin is ensured.
The judging module is used for judging the relation between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold, and calculating the water conservancy abnormality index.
Specifically, the process of judging the relationship between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold is as follows: when the change index of the water level is larger than the threshold value of the change index of the water level or the change index of the water quality is larger than the threshold value of the change index of the water quality, the water conservancy abnormality index is 1, and when the change index of the water level is smaller than the threshold value of the change index of the water level and the change index of the water quality is smaller than the threshold value of the change index of the water quality, the water conservancy abnormality index is 0; the calculation formula for calculating the water conservancy abnormality index is as follows:，/>indicating index of abnormality of water conservancy,/->Threshold value representing the index of change of the water level, +.>A threshold value representing a water quality change index.
In the embodiment, the judgment of the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the threshold value thereof can help the water conservancy department to monitor the water level change and the water quality change, monitor the hydrologic situation and the water quality condition in real time, discover the abnormal situation in the flow field in time, and be helpful for early warning and making countermeasures in advance, so as to ensure the safe utilization of water resources; judging the relation between the water level change index and the water quality change index and the threshold value of the water level change index can help the water conservancy department to timely master the hydrologic and water quality change conditions in the flow field, shorten the response time and quickly take countermeasures, thereby avoiding various adverse effects caused by abnormal conditions.
The early warning module is used for analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring personnel.
Specifically, the specific process of analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring personnel is as follows: based on the water conservancy abnormality index, when the water conservancy abnormality index is equal to 1, the water conservancy abnormality index indicates that the water conservancy exists, and the monitoring personnel is required to be informed by sending out an alarm, and when the water conservancy abnormality index is equal to 0, the water conservancy abnormality index indicates that the water conservancy does not exist, and the monitoring personnel is not required to be informed by sending out an alarm.
In this embodiment, the alarm notification of the water conservancy abnormality index can provide an important reference for the decision maker. Based on the alarm notification, a decision maker can timely know the water conservancy conditions in the flow field, formulate corresponding prevention and response strategies, optimize the operation of the water conservancy system, and allocate resources and manage disasters according to actual conditions. This helps to promote decision making and coping capabilities of water conservancy departments and decision makers; based on the alarm notification of the water conservancy abnormality index, the water conservancy department can timely find abnormal conditions, take measures and notify monitoring personnel. The method is favorable for improving the effect and response speed of water conservancy monitoring, reducing potential risks and losses and guaranteeing the safety and sustainable development of water conservancy.
The visualization module is used for updating the three-dimensional model of the hydrologic geographic information and the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering and the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index which are constructed based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology in real time and displaying the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic engineering and the change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visualization interface.
Specifically, the specific process of constructing a three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of hydraulic engineering based on GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, updating the change index of water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index in real time and presenting the updated indexes to a user through a visual interface is as follows: the visualization module displays the constructed hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and the hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model in a webpage through data interaction with the water conservancy data acquisition module, the water conservancy data processing module, the water conservancy data analysis module and the early warning module, and simultaneously updates the change index of the water level, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index in real time and displays the change index, the water quality change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface by utilizing a line graph.
In the embodiment, the three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and the three-dimensional model of hydraulic engineering are displayed through the visual interface, so that monitoring personnel can intuitively and comprehensively know the information of resources such as the terrain, the water system, the reservoir, the embankment and the like in the monitored area, and the relation and the influence among the resources. The monitoring personnel can know the running condition of the water conservancy system in time, discover problems and abnormal conditions in time, and take corresponding measures; the water level change index is updated in real time and presented to a user in a line graph mode, the user can clearly know the change trend of the water level, and the process and trend of the water level change are conveniently pre-judged, so that a water conservancy management strategy is timely adjusted, and the stable operation of the reservoir and the water system is ensured; updating the water conservancy abnormality index in real time, displaying the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface, and reminding the user of abnormality and risk in time. The monitoring personnel can pertinently formulate corresponding early warning measures, thereby improving the early warning effect and reducing the potential loss and the risk.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the application provides a water conservancy real-time monitoring method based on a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring water conservancy data, wherein the water conservancy data comprises: hydrologic geographic data and hydraulic engineering data; s2, constructing a three-dimensional model of hydrologic geographic information and a three-dimensional model of hydraulic engineering through a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology based on hydraulic data to obtain hydrologic parameters; s3, based on hydrological parameters, evaluating a change index of the water level, and based on water pollutant parameters, evaluating a water quality change index; s4, judging the relation between the change index of the water level and the water quality change index and the change index threshold of the water level and the water quality change index threshold, and calculating the water conservancy abnormality index; s5, analyzing the water conservancy abnormality index, and timely sending out an alarm to inform monitoring staff; s6, constructing a hydrologic geographic information three-dimensional model and a hydraulic engineering three-dimensional model based on a GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, updating a water quality change index and a water conservancy abnormality index in real time, and displaying the water conservancy geographic information three-dimensional model and the water conservancy engineering three-dimensional model and the water level change index and the water conservancy abnormality index to a user through a visual interface.
In the embodiment, the water conservancy monitoring is helpful for providing comprehensive water conservancy data, a three-dimensional model is constructed for analysis and evaluation, the water conservancy abnormality index is calculated, an early warning notice is sent, and the water conservancy information is updated in real time and visually displayed. The water conservancy monitoring system has the advantages that accuracy, timeliness and effectiveness of water conservancy monitoring are improved, and management and protection work on a water conservancy system is enhanced.
In summary, the present application has at least the following effects:
through the water conservancy real-time monitoring method and system based on the GIS and BIM three-dimensional technology, the efficiency and accuracy of the hydraulic engineering can be improved, monitoring staff can be helped to grasp the water conservancy situation in time, appropriate measures are taken when abnormal situations occur, the occurrence of water conservancy disasters is reduced or avoided, the visual interface can better display the water conservancy situation, and a user can know more visual and comprehensive water conservancy information.