技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种天线模块，特别是一种多波束天线模块。The invention relates to an antenna module, in particular to a multi-beam antenna module.
背景技术Background technique
在无线通信以及雷达的应用当中，有许多情况是需要大范围的信号覆盖。在相关技术的平面天线及相关技术的天线阵列当中，单一天线的增益与涵盖角度是相反的；亦即，如果天线的增益越高，则天线的波束越窄且天线的波束可传得越远，但是天线的波束的角度范围受限；如果天线的增益越低，则天线的波束越宽且天线的波束的角度范围越大，但是天线的波束的传送距离较短。In wireless communication and radar applications, there are many situations where wide-area signal coverage is required. In related-art planar antennas and related-art antenna arrays, the gain of a single antenna is opposite to the coverage angle; that is, if the gain of the antenna is higher, the antenna's beam is narrower and the antenna's beam can spread farther. , but the angular range of the antenna's beam is limited; if the antenna's gain is lower, the antenna's beam is wider and the antenna's beam's angular range is larger, but the transmission distance of the antenna's beam is shorter.
请参考图1，其为现有技术的毫米波频段串馈贴片阵列天线(series-fed patcharray antenna)的外观示意图；一般来说，天线的辐射波束的设计为朝向Z轴+Z的方向，天线在X轴的方向串接了三个阵元202，因此在X-Z的平面的波束较窄，而在Y-Z的平面的波束则较宽；请参考图2，其为图1的X-Z平面的天线场型图；请参考图3，其为图1的Y-Z平面的天线场型图。在大部分的情况下，会把Z轴+Z指向通讯目标或量测区域，波束较宽的Y-Z平面平行于水平面，而波束较窄的X-Z平面则垂直于水平面摆放，以求在水平面有较大的量测角度与范围。Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a series-fed patch array antenna in the millimeter wave band of the prior art; generally speaking, the radiation beam of the antenna is designed to be oriented in the Z-axis + Z direction. The antenna has three array elements 202 connected in series in the direction of the Field diagram; please refer to Figure 3, which is the antenna field diagram of the Y-Z plane in Figure 1. In most cases, the Z axis + Z will be pointed at the communication target or measurement area. The Y-Z plane with a wider beam is parallel to the horizontal plane, while the X-Z plane with a narrow beam is placed perpendicular to the horizontal plane in order to have Larger measurement angle and range.
请参考图4，其为现有技术的三扇区天线的排列示意图；请参考图5，其为图4的水平的天线场型示意图。有许多情况会有水平面需要完整涵盖的需求，而其中一种解决方案是采用扇区分割，用多组不同波束方向的天线来满足水平面所有角度的涵盖，如图4所示。搭配相关技术的切换开关电路或是多套相关技术的射频收发器来达成多天线的连接。在毫米波频段，多波束的天线配置会涉及到比较高的建置成本，在以往支持至65GHz的1.85mm射频连接器与支持至110GHz的1.0mm射频连接器以及其相对应的同轴缆线都非常的昂贵，天线与收发器分离的架构需要搭配多组高频接头与高频同轴缆线，会使成本变得非常昂贵而无法普遍应用，所以目前许多应用都是天线与射频前端或是收发器制作在同一片电路板上，由于高频损耗以及组装精度的限制，大多局限于主动电路与天线馈线平面的布局，因此每个扇区搭配一组平面电路与天线模块就可以达到多波束的结果，但是因为很多零件需要重复配置，也会增加成本，而且天线的数量与主要的集成电路的数量配对也缺乏弹性。例如，很多雷达整合集成电路有支持多套收发天线，但却受限于平面布局无法支持多个扇区天线。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a three-sector antenna in the prior art; please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the horizontal antenna field pattern of FIG. 4 . There are many situations where the horizontal plane needs to be completely covered, and one solution is to use sector division and use multiple sets of antennas with different beam directions to cover all angles of the horizontal plane, as shown in Figure 4. Use a switch circuit with related technologies or multiple sets of radio frequency transceivers with related technologies to achieve multiple antenna connections. In the millimeter wave band, multi-beam antenna configurations will involve relatively high construction costs. In the past, 1.85mm RF connectors that supported 65GHz and 1.0mm RF connectors that supported 110GHz and their corresponding coaxial cables All are very expensive. The architecture of separate antennas and transceivers requires multiple sets of high-frequency connectors and high-frequency coaxial cables, which will make the cost very expensive and cannot be widely used. Therefore, many current applications are antennas and RF front-ends or The transceiver is made on the same circuit board. Due to high-frequency loss and assembly accuracy limitations, most of them are limited to the layout of the active circuit and antenna feeder plane. Therefore, each sector can be matched with a set of planar circuits and antenna modules to achieve multiple The result of the beam, but because many parts need to be repeatedly configured, it will also increase the cost, and the number of antennas paired with the number of main integrated circuits is also inelastic. For example, many radar integrated circuits support multiple sets of transceiver antennas, but are limited by their planar layout and cannot support multiple sector antennas.
而使用单一或较少的平面电路搭配外部的一些机构也可达到多角度多波束的结果，例如美国专利US6933900是采用平面凸多边形的排列搭配上下壳体形成的号角天线达到高增益多角度的成果，或者例如美国专利US7994996采用平面布局搭配外部球型或各式平面透镜来达到多波束高增益的效果，但上述两件美国专利对于天线的排列与辐射场型都有很多的限制，应用在毫米波段更需要考虑材料的频率适用性与组装精度，因此成本会很高。此外，在许多雷达的应用当中，发射天线与接收天线是各自独立并存的，并且同一扇区的发射天线与接收天线应该指向相同的方位，这也会增加排列的困难。Multi-angle and multi-beam results can also be achieved by using a single or fewer planar circuits with some external mechanisms. For example, US Patent No. 6933900 uses a planar convex polygon arrangement with a horn antenna formed by upper and lower shells to achieve high-gain multi-angle results. , or for example, US patent US7994996 uses a planar layout with external spherical or various planar lenses to achieve multi-beam high-gain effects. However, the above two US patents have many restrictions on the arrangement and radiation field of the antenna. When applied to millimeter The frequency band needs to consider the frequency suitability of materials and assembly accuracy, so the cost will be very high. In addition, in many radar applications, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna coexist independently, and the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna in the same sector should point in the same direction, which will also increase the difficulty of arrangement.
综上所述，相关技术往不同方向发射电磁波讯号或是接收不同方向传来的电磁波讯号的效果都不好，或是结构都甚为复杂。To sum up, the related technologies are ineffective in transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in different directions or receiving electromagnetic wave signals coming in different directions, or the structures are very complicated.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种多波束天线模块。In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-beam antenna module.
为达成本发明的上述目的，本发明的多波束天线模块包含：一射频电路板；多个反射板，该些反射板相对于该射频电路板设置；一射频集成电路，该射频集成电路设置于该射频电路板上；多个区域覆盖馈入天线群，该些区域覆盖馈入天线群设置于该射频电路板上；及多个射频传输线，该射频集成电路通过该些射频传输线电性连接至该些区域覆盖馈入天线群，其中，该射频电路板为一多层电路板；该射频集成电路包含一发射器或一接收器；该些区域覆盖馈入天线群的每一个包含一馈入天线；该些反射板具有不同的排列方向，且该些反射板的每一个相对于该些区域覆盖馈入天线群的每一个该馈入天线设置，借以改变该些区域覆盖馈入天线群的每一个该馈入天线的一辐射场型以偏转该些区域覆盖馈入天线群的每一个该馈入天线的一主要辐射方向。In order to achieve the above objects of the present invention, the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention includes: a radio frequency circuit board; a plurality of reflection plates, the reflection plates are arranged relative to the radio frequency circuit board; a radio frequency integrated circuit, the radio frequency integrated circuit is arranged on On the radio frequency circuit board; a plurality of area coverage feed antenna groups are provided on the radio frequency circuit board; and a plurality of radio frequency transmission lines, the radio frequency integrated circuit is electrically connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the radio frequency transmission lines. The areas cover the feed antenna group, wherein the radio frequency circuit board is a multi-layer circuit board; the radio frequency integrated circuit includes a transmitter or a receiver; each of the areas covering the feed antenna group includes a feed Antenna; the reflectors have different arrangement directions, and each of the reflectors is arranged relative to each of the areas covering the feed antenna group, thereby changing the area coverage of the feed antenna group. A radiation pattern of each feed antenna is used to deflect the areas covering a main radiation direction of each feed antenna in the feed antenna group.
再者，在如上所述的本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例当中，该多波束天线模块更包含：多个角度调整机构，该些角度调整机构设置于该射频电路板上，该些角度调整机构连接至该些反射板，其中，该些角度调整机构的每一个被配置为调整该些反射板的每一个以改变该些区域覆盖馈入天线群的每一个该馈入天线的该主要辐射方向。Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention as mentioned above, the multi-beam antenna module further includes: a plurality of angle adjustment mechanisms, the angle adjustment mechanisms are arranged on the radio frequency circuit board, the Angle adjustment mechanisms are connected to the reflection plates, wherein each of the angle adjustment mechanisms is configured to adjust each of the reflection plates to change the area coverage of each of the feed antennas in the feed antenna group. The main radiation direction.
再者，在如上所述的本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例当中，该些反射板的每一个为一平面反射板。Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention as described above, each of the reflecting plates is a planar reflecting plate.
再者，在如上所述的本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例当中，该些反射板的每一个为一拋物线曲面反射板。Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention as described above, each of the reflectors is a parabolic curved reflector.
再者，在如上所述的本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例当中，该馈入天线为一发射天线、一接收天线或一发射接收天线。Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention as described above, the feed antenna is a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna or a transmitting and receiving antenna.
再者，在如上所述的本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例当中，该些反射板的每一个为一自由曲面反射板。Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention as described above, each of the reflecting plates is a free-curved surface reflecting plate.
本发明的功效在于以简易的结构有效地往不同方向发射电磁波讯号或是有效地接收不同方向传来的电磁波讯号。The function of the present invention is to effectively transmit electromagnetic wave signals in different directions or effectively receive electromagnetic wave signals from different directions with a simple structure.
为了能更进一步了解本发明为达成预定目的所采取的技术、手段及功效，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，相信本发明的目的、特征与特点，当可由此得到深入且具体的了解，然而所附图式仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。In order to further understand the technology, means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. It is believed that the purpose, features and characteristics of the present invention can be understood in depth and concretely. However, the attached drawings are only for reference and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为现有技术的毫米波频段串馈贴片阵列天线的外观示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a series-fed patch array antenna in the millimeter wave frequency band of the prior art.
图2为图1的X轴-Z轴的天线场型图。Figure 2 is an antenna field diagram of the X-axis-Z axis of Figure 1.
图3为图1的Y轴-Z轴的天线场型图。Figure 3 is an antenna field pattern diagram along the Y-axis-Z axis of Figure 1.
图4为相关技术的三扇区天线的排列示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a three-sector antenna in the related art.
图5为图4的水平的天线场型示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal antenna field pattern in FIG. 4 .
图6为本发明的多波束天线模块的第一具体实施例的外观示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图7为本发明的多波束天线模块的一具体实施例的电路方块图。FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图8为本发明的多波束天线模块的另一具体实施例的电路方块图。Figure 8 is a circuit block diagram of another specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图9为本发明的多波束天线模块的第一具体实施例的局部侧视图。Figure 9 is a partial side view of the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图10为本发明的多波束天线模块的第一具体实施例的辐射场型示意图。Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图11为本发明的多波束天线模块的第二具体实施例的局部侧视图。Figure 11 is a partial side view of the second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图12为本发明的多波束天线模块的第三具体实施例的局部侧视图。Figure 12 is a partial side view of a third specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图13为本发明的多波束天线模块的第二具体实施例的天线场型图。Figure 13 is an antenna field diagram of the second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图14为本发明的多波束天线模块的第三具体实施例的天线场型图。Figure 14 is an antenna field diagram of the third specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图15为本发明的多波束天线模块的第四具体实施例的外观示意图。Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the fourth specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
图16为本发明的多波束天线模块的第五具体实施例的外观示意图。Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the fifth embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention.
其中，附图标记：Among them, the reference signs are:
10:多波束天线模块10:Multi-beam antenna module
102:射频电路板102:RF circuit board
104:反射板104: Reflective plate
106:射频集成电路106:RF integrated circuit
108:区域覆盖馈入天线群108: Area coverage feed antenna group
110:射频传输线110:RF transmission line
112:角度调整机构112: Angle adjustment mechanism
114:第一夹角114:First angle
116:第二夹角116:Second angle
202:阵元202:Array element
1061:发射器1061:Transmitter
1062:接收器1062:Receiver
1081:馈入天线1081: Feed antenna
1082:辐射场型1082: Radiation field pattern
1083:主要辐射方向1083: Main radiation direction
1084:发射天线1084: Transmitting antenna
1085:接收天线1085:receiving antenna
x:X轴x:X axis
y:Y轴y:Y axis
z:Z轴z:Z axis
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在本揭露当中，提供了许多特定的细节，以提供对本发明的具体实施例的彻底了解；然而，本领域技术人员应当知晓，在没有一个或更多个该些特定的细节的情况下，依然能实践本发明；在其他情况下，则未显示或描述众所周知的细节以避免模糊了本发明的主要技术特征。兹有关本发明的技术内容及详细说明，配合图式说明如下：In this disclosure, many specific details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of specific embodiments of the invention; however, one skilled in the art will understand that without one or more of these specific details, still can practice the invention; in other cases, well-known details are not shown or described to avoid obscuring the main technical features of the invention. The technical content and detailed description of the present invention are as follows with reference to the drawings:
请参考图6，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第一具体实施例的外观示意图；如图6所示，本发明的一种多波束天线模块10包含一射频电路板102、多个反射板104、一射频集成电路106及多个区域覆盖馈入天线群108，该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个包含一馈入天线1081；该些反射板104相对于该射频电路板102设置，该射频集成电路106设置于该射频电路板102上，该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108设置于该射频电路板102上；该射频电路板102可为例如但本发明不限制为一多层电路板，该射频集成电路106亦可称为一射频整合集成电路，该些反射板104的每一个可为例如但本发明不限制为一平面反射板。Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; as shown in Figure 6, a multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention includes a radio frequency circuit board 102, a plurality of The reflective plate 104, a radio frequency integrated circuit 106 and a plurality of areas cover the feed antenna group 108. Each of the areas covering the feed antenna group 108 includes a feed antenna 1081; the reflectors 104 are relative to the radio frequency circuit board. 102 is provided, the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 is provided on the radio frequency circuit board 102, and the area coverage feed antenna group 108 is provided on the radio frequency circuit board 102; the radio frequency circuit board 102 can be, for example, but the invention is not limited to a As a multi-layer circuit board, the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 can also be called a radio frequency integrated integrated circuit. Each of the reflective plates 104 can be, for example, but the present invention is not limited to a planar reflective plate.
再者，该射频电路板102平行于地面摆置。该射频集成电路106为用以整合多套接收发射的射频整合集成电路(可为例如但本发明不限制为TI的AWR2944)，并连接到该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108。该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个设置在该射频电路板102的边缘，该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108具有不同的排列指向。图6的该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个仅包含一个该馈入天线1081，适合于接收发射共享天线的系统。该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个该馈入天线1081的上方有适当大小的该平面反射板。该些平面反射板的大小、位置与角度依设计需求而定，且固定在支架(未示于图6)上或是机壳(未示于图6)上，或是设置在该射频电路板102上，借以偏转该馈入天线1081的波束方向；亦即，原本为垂直该射频电路板102(亦即，垂直地面)的波束会被该平面反射板偏转而变化并产生很大比例的水平分量，成为与相关技术的扇区天线相同的水平面全周覆盖，如后述的图10所示。Furthermore, the radio frequency circuit board 102 is placed parallel to the ground. The radio frequency integrated circuit 106 is a radio frequency integrated integrated circuit used to integrate multiple sets of receiving and transmitting (for example, but the present invention is not limited to TI's AWR2944), and is connected to the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 . Each of the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 is disposed at the edge of the radio frequency circuit board 102 , and the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 have different arrangement directions. Each of the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 in Figure 6 includes only one feed antenna 1081, which is suitable for a system with shared antennas for reception and transmission. These areas cover each feed antenna 1081 of the feed antenna group 108 and have a plane reflector of appropriate size above it. The size, position and angle of the planar reflectors are determined according to the design requirements, and are fixed on the bracket (not shown in Figure 6) or the casing (not shown in Figure 6), or are arranged on the radio frequency circuit board 102, thereby deflecting the beam direction of the feed antenna 1081; that is, the beam that was originally vertical to the radio frequency circuit board 102 (that is, vertical to the ground) will be deflected by the planar reflector and produce a large proportion of horizontal components, providing full circumferential coverage on the horizontal plane similar to that of the sector antenna of the related art, as shown in FIG. 10 to be described later.
再者，该平面反射板可以用切割金属片构成，或是用塑料材质在表面电镀金属构成，制作与组装都很简单。该平面反射板没有焦距的问题，反射的波束宽度也与原来的波束相近，倾角的调整也相当直觉，天线的匹配也无需重新调整，所以该平面反射板在设计以及应用都很简单。该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的一第一数量等于该些反射板104的一第二数量；亦即，该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108与该些反射板104为一对一配置。该些反射板104之间具有空隙。Furthermore, the plane reflective plate can be made of cut metal sheets, or made of plastic material with metal electroplating on the surface. The production and assembly are very simple. This planar reflector has no focal length problem, the reflected beam width is also similar to the original beam, the adjustment of the tilt angle is quite intuitive, and the antenna matching does not need to be readjusted, so the design and application of this planar reflector are very simple. A first number of the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 is equal to a second number of the reflection plates 104; that is, the area coverage feed antenna groups 108 and the reflection plates 104 are arranged in a one-to-one arrangement. There are gaps between the reflective plates 104 .
请参考图7，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的一具体实施例的电路方块图；图7所示的组件与图6所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述；如图7所示，本发明的该多波束天线模块10更包含多个射频传输线110，该射频集成电路106包含一发射器1061；该射频集成电路106通过该些射频传输线110电性连接至该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108。Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a circuit block diagram of a specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; the components shown in FIG. 7 are the same as those shown in FIG. 6 for simplicity reasons, so they will not be described here again. Repeat the description; as shown in Figure 7, the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention further includes a plurality of radio frequency transmission lines 110, and the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 includes a transmitter 1061; the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 electrically transmits electricity through the radio frequency transmission lines 110. Sexually connected to these area coverage feed antenna groups 108.
请参考图8，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的另一具体实施例的电路方块图；图8所示的组件与图7所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述；如图8所示，该射频集成电路106包含一接收器1062。也就是说，本发明的该射频集成电路106可包含如图7所示的该发射器1061或如图8所示的该接收器1062，但本发明不以此为限制，亦即本发明的该射频集成电路106亦可同时包含该发射器1061及该接收器1062。Please refer to Figure 8, which is a circuit block diagram of another specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; the components shown in Figure 8 are the same as those shown in Figure 7 for reasons of simplicity, so they are not shown here. To repeat the description; as shown in FIG. 8 , the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 includes a receiver 1062 . That is to say, the radio frequency integrated circuit 106 of the present invention may include the transmitter 1061 as shown in Figure 7 or the receiver 1062 as shown in Figure 8, but the present invention is not limited to this, that is, the present invention The radio frequency integrated circuit 106 may also include the transmitter 1061 and the receiver 1062.
请参考图9，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第一具体实施例的局部侧视图；图9所示的组件与图6所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述；请参考图10，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第一具体实施例的辐射场型示意图；图10所示的组件与图6所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述。请同时参考图6、图9及图10；该些反射板104具有不同的排列方向，且该些反射板104的每一个相对于该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个的该馈入天线1081设置，借以改变该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个的该馈入天线1081的一辐射场型1082以偏转该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个的该馈入天线1081的一主要辐射方向1083。Please refer to Figure 9, which is a partial side view of the first embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; the components shown in Figure 9 are the same as those shown in Figure 6 for reasons of simplicity, so they are not shown here. Repeat the description again; please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; the components shown in Figure 10 are the same as those shown in Figure 6, for simplicity factors, so their description will not be repeated here. Please refer to FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 at the same time; the reflecting plates 104 have different arrangement directions, and each of the reflecting plates 104 covers the feed of each of the feeding antenna groups 108 relative to the areas. The antenna 1081 is configured to change a radiation pattern 1082 of the feed antenna 1081 whose areas cover each of the feed antenna groups 108 to deflect the feed antenna 1081 whose areas cover each of the feed antenna groups 108 A main radiation direction 1083.
再者，请复参考图6、图9及图10，本发明改变该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个该馈入天线1081的该辐射场型1082以偏转该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个的该馈入天线1081的该主要辐射方向1083，使得多个该辐射场型1082朝该些反射板104的外形成覆盖全周的辐射场型。Furthermore, please refer to Figures 6, 9 and 10. The present invention changes the radiation pattern 1082 of each feed antenna 1081 of the area coverage feed antenna group 108 to deflect the area coverage feed antennas. The main radiation direction 1083 of the feed antenna 1081 of each group 108 causes the plurality of radiation patterns 1082 to form a radiation pattern covering the entire circumference toward the outside of the reflection plates 104 .
请参考图11，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第二具体实施例的局部侧视图。本发明的多波束天线模块10的第二具体实施例与本发明的多波束天线模块10的第一具体实施例大致相同，不同处在于本发明的多波束天线模块10的第二具体实施例更包含多个角度调整机构112，该些角度调整机构112设置于该射频电路板102上，该些角度调整机构112连接至该些反射板104，该些角度调整机构112的每一个被配置为调整该些反射板104的每一个以改变该些区域覆盖馈入天线群108的每一个的该馈入天线1081的该主要辐射方向1083。Please refer to FIG. 11 , which is a partial side view of the second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention. The second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention is substantially the same as the first specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention. The difference lies in that the second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention is more detailed. It includes a plurality of angle adjustment mechanisms 112. The angle adjustment mechanisms 112 are disposed on the radio frequency circuit board 102. The angle adjustment mechanisms 112 are connected to the reflection plates 104. Each of the angle adjustment mechanisms 112 is configured to adjust Each of the reflective plates 104 changes the main radiation direction 1083 of the feed antenna 1081 of each of the areas covering the feed antenna group 108 .
再者，请参考图12，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第三具体实施例的局部侧视图；本发明的多波束天线模块10的第三具体实施例与本发明的多波束天线模块10的第二具体实施例大致相同。该角度调整机构112被配置为调整该反射板104以改变该反射板104与该射频电路板102之间的一第一夹角114以改变该主要辐射方向1083与该射频电路板102之间的一第二夹角116。如果该第一夹角114越小，则该主要辐射方向1083越朝下；如果该第一夹角114越大，则该主要辐射方向1083越朝上。调整该反射板104与该射频电路板102之间的该第一夹角114可以调整波束在垂直面上的倾角(亦即，该第二夹角116)。如图11所示，当该反射板104与该射频电路板102之间的该第一夹角114为45度时，波束的方向贴近水平面且有小角度下倾(例如，该第二夹角116为5度)。图11适合当该多波束天线模块10架设在比较低的位置时的波束配置。请参考图13，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第二具体实施例的天线场型图。如图12所示，当该反射板104与该射频电路板102之间的该第一夹角114为60度时，波束的方向上倾大约为20度(亦即，该第二夹角116大约为20度)。如果将如图12所示的该多波束天线模块10上下倒置悬挂在高处，则此时的波束的方向变成下倾约20度，能提供适当的范围覆盖。请参考图14，其为本发明的多波束天线模块10的第三具体实施例的天线场型图。Furthermore, please refer to FIG. 12 , which is a partial side view of the third specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention; the third specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention and the multi-beam antenna of the present invention. The second specific embodiment of module 10 is substantially the same. The angle adjustment mechanism 112 is configured to adjust the reflective plate 104 to change a first included angle 114 between the reflective plate 104 and the radio frequency circuit board 102 to change the main radiation direction 1083 and the radio frequency circuit board 102 . A second included angle of 116. If the first included angle 114 is smaller, the main radiation direction 1083 faces downward; if the first included angle 114 is larger, the main radiation direction 1083 faces upward. Adjusting the first included angle 114 between the reflective plate 104 and the radio frequency circuit board 102 can adjust the inclination angle of the beam on the vertical plane (ie, the second included angle 116). As shown in FIG. 11 , when the first included angle 114 between the reflective plate 104 and the radio frequency circuit board 102 is 45 degrees, the direction of the beam is close to the horizontal plane and tilts downward at a small angle (for example, the second included angle 116 is 5 degrees). FIG. 11 is suitable for the beam configuration when the multi-beam antenna module 10 is installed at a relatively low position. Please refer to FIG. 13 , which is an antenna field diagram of the second specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12 , when the first included angle 114 between the reflective plate 104 and the radio frequency circuit board 102 is 60 degrees, the direction of the beam is tilted upward at about 20 degrees (that is, the second included angle 116 approximately 20 degrees). If the multi-beam antenna module 10 as shown in FIG. 12 is hung upside down at a high place, the direction of the beam at this time becomes about 20 degrees downward, which can provide appropriate range coverage. Please refer to FIG. 14 , which is an antenna field diagram of the third specific embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module 10 of the present invention.
请参考图15，其为本发明的多波束天线模块的第四具体实施例的外观示意图；图15所示的组件与图6所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述。如图15所示，该馈入天线1081为一发射天线1084或一接收天线1085；或者是，该馈入天线1081可为一发射接收天线(未示于图15)，亦即视设计需求而定，该发射天线1084亦可具有接收的功能，或是该接收天线1085亦可具有发射的功能，以作为该发射接收天线。Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic appearance diagram of the fourth embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention; the components shown in Figure 15 are the same as those shown in Figure 6 for reasons of simplicity, so they will not be repeated here. its narrative. As shown in Figure 15, the feeding antenna 1081 is a transmitting antenna 1084 or a receiving antenna 1085; or, the feeding antenna 1081 can be a transmitting and receiving antenna (not shown in Figure 15), that is, depending on the design requirements. Accordingly, the transmitting antenna 1084 may also have a receiving function, or the receiving antenna 1085 may also have a transmitting function to serve as the transmitting and receiving antenna.
再者，如图15所示，图15共有四个扇区，每个扇区有多个天线，例如1T2R(一个发射天线1084及两个接收天线1085)。许多低成本的毫米波雷达采用接收发射对应不同路径的不同天线来免除对于循环器(circulator)的需求，而多组接收天线可以对应通讯系统天线分集(diversity)的配置，或是对应雷达系统用来进行角度侦测的需求。与图6的具体实施例相同，图15的具体实施例使用该平面反射板来改变波束方向；由于每个扇区的天线数量变多，该平面反射板的宽度也要适度地调整以因应天线的照射范围。此外，由于总天线数量变多，可能超过单一颗该射频集成电路106的接收发射数量规格，因此需要多颗射频集成电路106(如图15所示)偕同运作，或是再外加切换电路(未示于图15)让各扇区的天线分时运作。在相同的扇区内的该些天线具有相同的或非常相近的前述的主要辐射方向1083。Furthermore, as shown in Figure 15, there are four sectors in total, and each sector has multiple antennas, such as 1T2R (one transmitting antenna 1084 and two receiving antennas 1085). Many low-cost millimeter-wave radars use different antennas for receiving and transmitting corresponding to different paths to avoid the need for a circulator, and multiple sets of receiving antennas can correspond to the configuration of communication system antenna diversity, or to the radar system. To meet the needs of angle detection. Similar to the specific embodiment of Figure 6, the specific embodiment of Figure 15 uses the planar reflector to change the beam direction; as the number of antennas in each sector increases, the width of the planar reflector also needs to be appropriately adjusted to accommodate the antennas. irradiation range. In addition, since the total number of antennas increases, it may exceed the receiving and transmitting quantity specifications of a single radio frequency integrated circuit 106. Therefore, multiple radio frequency integrated circuits 106 (as shown in Figure 15) are required to operate together, or additional switching circuits (not shown in the figure) are required. Shown in Figure 15), the antennas in each sector operate in a time-sharing manner. The antennas in the same sector have the same or very similar main radiation directions 1083.
请参考图16，其为本发明的多波束天线模块的第五具体实施例的外观示意图；图16所示的组件与图15所示的组件相同者，为简洁因素，故于此不再重复其叙述。该些反射板104的每一个为一拋物线曲面反射板或一自由曲面反射板。Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic appearance diagram of the fifth embodiment of the multi-beam antenna module of the present invention; the components shown in Figure 16 are the same as those shown in Figure 15 for reasons of simplicity, so they will not be repeated here. its narrative. Each of the reflecting plates 104 is a parabolic curved reflecting plate or a free curved reflecting plate.
再者，如图16所示，该些天线与该些反射板104排列成四个扇区，每个扇区具有四个独立的天线，每个天线都只有一个单元，该些天线排列紧密，采用1T3R的配置(一个发射天线1084及三个接收天线1085)。图16的该些天线的排列与图15的该些天线的排列不同，且图16的该反射板104的与图15的该反射板104不同。以图16最右侧的扇区来说，该反射板104的表面是以X-Z的平面的拋物线往Y轴方向平移扩展而形成的，而该些天线系设置于邻近焦点的位置；这样的配置会使得波束在X-Z的平面会有聚焦集中的效果，而Y-Z的平面则维持较宽的波束以获得较大的角度覆盖。此实施例也可以转动该反射板104来调整波束在垂直面的倾角，不过转动时以焦点线为轴心转动可以有较一致的聚焦效果。除了图15及图16所示的全平面的该反射板104以及拋物线曲面的该反射板104，该反射板104的形状更可以是更复杂的曲面以达到特定的天线辐射能量分布，例如更宽的水平波束宽，或是使FOV(Fieldof View)角度范围的辐射能量更平均，而许多反射镜的设计技巧可以应用在此发明中。Furthermore, as shown in Figure 16, the antennas and the reflectors 104 are arranged into four sectors. Each sector has four independent antennas. Each antenna has only one unit. The antennas are arranged closely. A 1T3R configuration is adopted (one transmitting antenna 1084 and three receiving antennas 1085). The arrangement of the antennas in FIG. 16 is different from the arrangement of the antennas in FIG. 15 , and the reflector 104 in FIG. 16 is different from the reflector 104 in FIG. 15 . Taking the rightmost sector of Figure 16 as an example, the surface of the reflector 104 is formed by a parabola in the X-Z plane that extends in translation in the Y-axis direction, and the antennas are arranged near the focus; like this The configuration will cause the beam to be focused in the X-Z plane, while maintaining a wider beam in the Y-Z plane to obtain larger angular coverage. In this embodiment, the reflecting plate 104 can also be rotated to adjust the inclination angle of the beam in the vertical plane. However, during rotation, the focus line can be used as the axis to achieve a more consistent focusing effect. In addition to the fully flat reflector 104 and the parabolic curved reflector 104 shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 , the shape of the reflector 104 can be a more complex curved surface to achieve a specific antenna radiation energy distribution, for example, more A wide horizontal beam width may make the radiant energy in the FOV (Field of View) angle range more even, and many reflector design techniques can be applied to this invention.
综上所述，本发明的技术特征在于使用平面天线排列，搭配多个反射板，以达到多波束的发射与接收，并经过适当的排列调整达到最佳的范围覆盖。本发明的主要的特点在于:To sum up, the technical feature of the present invention is to use a planar antenna arrangement with multiple reflectors to achieve multi-beam transmission and reception, and to achieve optimal range coverage through appropriate arrangement and adjustment. The main features of the present invention are:
1.单片印刷电路板与平面天线排列，无需额外的射频连接器与高频同轴线，因此本发明具有较低成本的优势。1. The arrangement of a single printed circuit board and a planar antenna eliminates the need for additional radio frequency connectors and high-frequency coaxial lines, so the present invention has the advantage of lower cost.
2.反射板可依据需求配置为不同的形式与大小，以达到最适合的涵盖范围。2. Reflective panels can be configured in different forms and sizes according to needs to achieve the most suitable coverage.
3.反射板可现场调整角度，借以控制波束倾角以因应不同的装置与环境。3. The angle of the reflector can be adjusted on site to control the beam inclination to adapt to different devices and environments.
4.本发明可优化天线数量与射频集成电路支持的发射器/接收器套数搭配。4. The present invention can optimize the number of antennas and the number of transmitter/receiver sets supported by the radio frequency integrated circuit.
5.适合雷达发射/接收天线分离并排的结构。5. Suitable for structures with separate and side-by-side radar transmitting and receiving antennas.
本发明的功效在于以简易的结构有效地往不同方向发射电磁波讯号或是有效地接收不同方向传来的电磁波讯号。The function of the present invention is to effectively transmit electromagnetic wave signals in different directions or effectively receive electromagnetic wave signals from different directions with a simple structure.
然以上所述者，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，当不能限定本发明实施的范围，即凡依本发明权利要求所作的均等变化与修饰等，皆应仍属本发明的专利涵盖范围意图保护的范畴。However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot limit the scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention. The scope of protection intended.
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。Of course, the present invention can also have various other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention. However, these corresponding changes All modifications and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210617941.4ACN117199830A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Multi-beam antenna module |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210617941.4ACN117199830A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Multi-beam antenna module |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117199830Atrue CN117199830A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210617941.4APendingCN117199830A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Multi-beam antenna module |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117199830A (en) |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
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| US7042420B2 (en) | Multi-beam antenna | |
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