Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to solve the problem of how to strictly control the temperature difference of insulation and conductors of the HVDC cable when the cable is developed in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides submarine cable temperature fault testing equipment, which comprises an L-shaped fixed block and a cable wire; the L-shaped fixed block is connected with a movable block in a sliding manner; the movable block is fixedly connected with a hollow pipe penetrating through the movable block; the testing device comprises a hollow pipe, a testing component and a detecting component, wherein the testing component is arranged in the hollow pipe and comprises a punching component which is used for punching a cable, the detecting component comprises a thermocouple and is used for detecting the temperature of a conductor of the cable; wedge-shaped clamping blocks which are symmetrically arranged are correspondingly and fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixed block and the movable block; the wedge-shaped clamping blocks are arranged up and down and are used for clamping the cable; the L-shaped fixed block is rotationally connected with a fixed component, and the fixed component is used for adjusting the distance between the L-shaped fixed block and the movable block.
In one embodiment of the invention, the punching assembly comprises a first inserted link with a conical lower end; the middle upper part of the first inserted link is provided with threads; the first inserting rod is rotationally connected with a second limiting block through threads; the upper end of the first inserted link is fixedly connected with a stress plate through threads.
In one embodiment of the invention, the detection assembly comprises a second plunger with a conical lower end; a thermocouple penetrating through the bottom is arranged in the center of the second inserted link; the cone material at the lower end of the second inserted link is a heat conduction layer; an insulating layer is arranged in the second inserted link at a position corresponding to the upper part of the heat conducting layer; a heat preservation layer is arranged in the second inserted link at a position corresponding to the upper part of the insulating layer; the second inserted link is inside to be corresponded to the position sliding connection of heat preservation top has hollow pounding the pipe, and the thermocouple is located the pounding intraductal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the heat conducting layer is one of copper, silver or heat conducting silica gel; the insulating layer is made of insulating self-adhesive tape or insulating AB glue; the heat-insulating layer is made of one of wood dust, heat-insulating cotton or phenolic foam material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first plunger and the second plunger are sized to be identical; the second inserted link is made of polyethylene.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fixed assembly comprises a screw rod, and the screw rod is in threaded connection with the movable block; a first limiting block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod; an annular groove is formed in the L-shaped fixed block, and the screw rod is rotationally connected with the screw rod under the cooperation of the first limiting block and the annular groove; and a hand wheel is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screw rod.
In one embodiment of the invention, a chute is arranged on the inner side of the L-shaped fixing plate; the movable block is fixedly connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is connected in a sliding way; the outer side of the L-shaped fixing plate is fixedly connected with a handle which is positioned in the middle line.
In one embodiment of the invention, rubber pads are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the wedge-shaped clamping blocks, and the rubber pads are used for protecting cables.
In one embodiment of the invention, a submarine cable temperature fault test method comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, calibrating a thermocouple according to an ambient temperature and boiling water temperature measurement result;
s2: selecting a measuring point position on the cable, and punching the cable by using test equipment;
s3: after punching the cable, measuring the temperature of the cable by using test equipment again;
s4: and after the measurement is finished, the test equipment is taken down from the cable, and the obtained data are arranged and analyzed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the station location is selected at the highest point of self-heating temperature in the cable thermal cycle.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the submarine cable temperature fault test equipment, the T-shaped thermocouple is a high-linearity thermocouple, so that the thermocouple is required to be calibrated according to the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, the linear temperature measurement result is measured by the test equipment, the slope and the up-down moving numerical value of the test equipment are changed by recording the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, the temperature measurement is accurate, in the process, when the cable is perforated by the perforation assembly, the contact condition of the thermocouple and a to-be-measured point can be conveniently confirmed by carrying out vertical perforation treatment on the measurement point of the cable, in the load cycle, the electric field can be more uniform by vertically penetrating the insulating layer, after the perforation of the cable by the perforation assembly is completed, the measurement operation can be carried out by inserting the measurement assembly into the hole and attaching the temperature measurement point of the measurement assembly to the conductor, and the measured temperature curve has the highest fitting degree with the theoretical temperature curve and is closest to the temperature condition in the actual cable operation.
According to the submarine cable temperature fault testing equipment, the accurate thermocouple of the heat conducting layer is accurately contacted with the temperature measuring point, the situation that the thermocouple is in electric measurement and is in fault disconnection at the measured position is greatly reduced, the temperature measuring hole is less influenced by the electric measurement temperature through the heat insulating layer, the temperature measuring thermocouple of the sheath and the conductor can be placed at the same position, the temperature measuring errors caused by different measuring points are reduced, the heat insulating layer and the heat conducting layer are separated through the insulating layer, the aim of accurate temperature measurement is achieved, the situation that the temperature measuring data are not required to influence the test progress due to unreasonable layout is changed, the situation that the test period is prolonged due to the fault disconnection of the measuring point is changed, the situation that the cable conductor is in excess temperature due to heat dissipation of the temperature measuring hole is changed, more accurate current carrying data are obtained through accurate control over the temperature, the cognition of a cable user on the cable performance is deepened, and the downstream use confidence is improved.
According to the submarine cable temperature fault testing equipment, after the insulating layer and the heat preservation layer are sequentially filled in the second inserting rod respectively, the second inserting rod is placed in the hollow pipe, the temperature measuring holes which are formed by the first inserting rod are aligned, then the end part of the second inserting rod is deep into a conductor of a cable, at the moment, the tamping pipe is held by two hands and applied with acting force, so that the tamping pipe slides up and down in the second inserting rod, the purpose of tamping each layer of material in the second inserting rod is achieved, meanwhile, the second inserting rod can be completely inserted into the temperature measuring hole under the acting force of the tamping pipe after the material in the second inserting rod is tamped, the purpose of enabling a temperature measuring head on a thermocouple to be in contact with the conductor of the cable is achieved, the second inserting rod is tightly wrapped by the surface of the cable, and virtual detachment does not occur between the thermocouple temperature measuring head and the conductor of the cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a submarine cable temperature fault test apparatus, which comprises an L-shaped fixing block 1 and a cable conductor 10; the L-shaped fixed block 1 is connected with a movable block 2 in a sliding manner; a hollow tube 4 penetrating through the movable block 2 is fixedly connected to the movable block 2; a testing component is arranged in the hollow tube 4 and comprises a punching component, the punching component is used for punching the cable, the testing component also comprises a detecting component, and the detecting component comprises a thermocouple 141 and is used for detecting the conductor temperature of the cable; wedge-shaped clamping blocks 3 which are symmetrically arranged are correspondingly and fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixed block 1 and the movable block 2; the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 3 are arranged up and down and are used for clamping the cable 10; the L-shaped fixed block 1 is rotationally connected with a fixed component, and the fixed component is used for adjusting the distance between the L-shaped fixed block 1 and the movable block 2. In order to realize the effect of controlling the temperature difference between the insulation and conductor of the HVDC cable, in a specific operation, since the T-type thermocouple is a highly linear thermocouple, it is necessary to calibrate the thermocouple 141 according to the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, then measure the linear temperature measurement result by using the testing device, and change the slope and the up-down movement value of the testing device by recording the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, so as to make the temperature measurement accurate, in this process, when the cable is perforated by the perforating component, the vertical through treatment is performed from the measuring point of the cable inner conductor of the cable outer sheath connecting channel, so that the contact condition between the thermocouple 141 and the point to be measured can be conveniently confirmed, and in the load cycle, the vertical through insulating layer 143 can make the electric field more uniform, after the cable is perforated by the perforating component, the measuring component is inserted into the hole, the measuring point of the measuring component is attached to the conductor, so as to measure the measured temperature curve has the highest fitting degree with the theoretical temperature curve, and is closest to the temperature condition in the actual cable operation,
it is worth noting here that after L shape fixed block 1 and movable block 2 are adjusted through fixed subassembly, the cable of usable wedge clamp splice 3 to different thickness specifications is fixed the centre gripping, and first convenient punching subassembly is fixed the position that needs to punch, and the time of avoiding punching takes place to skew, and the second is convenient to be surveyed the subassembly and is fixed the detection subassembly when measuring the cable, makes things convenient for the inspector to carry out other operations.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the punching assembly includes a first plunger 5 having a tapered lower end; the middle upper part of the first inserted link 5 is provided with a thread 51; the first inserted link 5 is rotatably connected with a second limiting block 52 through a thread 51; the upper end of the first inserted link 5 is fixedly connected with a stress plate 53 through a thread 51. Because the temperature measuring point on the thermocouple 141 needs to be inserted into the conductor 2-4 mm in the cable, in order to accurately punch holes to the effect of 2-4 mm in the cable when aiming at cables with different specifications, during specific operation, firstly, the height position of the second limiting block 52 on the first inserting rod 5 is adjusted according to the specifications of the cable, then the first inserting rod 5 is inserted into the hollow tube 4, the conical head of the first inserting rod 5 is inserted into the cable by utilizing a force tool such as a hammer, and the second limiting block 52 is matched with the upper end of the hollow tube 4, so that the punching depth of the first inserting rod 5 is controlled, and the punching work of the cable is completed.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the detecting assembly includes a second plunger 14 having a tapered lower end; the center of the inside of the second inserted link 14 is provided with a thermocouple 141 penetrating through the bottom; the cone material at the lower end of the second plunger 14 is a heat conducting layer 142; an insulating layer 143 is disposed in the second plunger 14 at a position corresponding to the upper side of the heat conducting layer 142; a heat insulation layer 144 is arranged in the second inserted link 14 at a position corresponding to the upper part of the insulation layer 143; a hollow tamping pipe 145 is slidably connected to the second plunger 14 at a position corresponding to the upper portion of the insulating layer 144, and a thermocouple 141 is located inside the tamping pipe 145. In order to achieve the effect of reducing the measurement error, a scene of cable operation is simulated, the first inserted link 5 is firstly taken out of the hollow tube 4, then the second inserted link 14 is inserted into the hollow tube 4, the thermocouple 141 is accurately contacted with a temperature measuring point by utilizing the heat conduction layer 142, the situation that the thermocouple 141 is in electrical measurement and the position is in false drop is greatly reduced, the temperature thermocouple 141 of a sheath and a conductor can be placed at the same position by the heat insulation layer 144, the temperature measurement error caused by different measurement points is reduced, the heat insulation layer 144 and the heat conduction layer 142 are separated by the insulating layer 143, the aim of accurately measuring the temperature is achieved, the situation that the temperature measurement data caused by unreasonable layout influences the test progress is changed, the situation that the test period caused by the false drop of the measurement point is prolonged is changed, the situation that the cable conductor is in super temperature caused by heat dissipation of the temperature measurement hole is greatly reduced, more accurate current-carrying data is obtained by accurately controlling the temperature, the cognition of a cable user on the cable performance is deepened, and the downstream use confidence is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the material of the heat conducting layer 142 is one of copper, silver or heat conducting silica gel; the insulating layer 143 is made of insulating self-adhesive tape or insulating AB glue; the material of the heat insulating layer 144 is one of wood dust, heat insulating cotton or phenolic foam material. In order to facilitate tamping the materials of the insulating layer 144, the insulating layer 143 and the heat conducting layer 142, the sealing property and tightness between the materials of the layers are improved, after the insulating layer 143 and the insulating layer 144 are sequentially filled in the second inserting rod 14 respectively, the second inserting tube is placed in the hollow tube 4 and aligned with a temperature measuring hole which is made by the first inserting tube, then the end part of the second inserting tube is penetrated into a conductor of the cable 10, at the moment, the tamping tube 145 is held by two hands and an acting force is applied to the tamping tube, so that the tamping tube 145 slides up and down in the second inserting rod 14, the purpose of tamping each layer of material in the second inserting tube is achieved, meanwhile, because a temperature measuring hole which is made on a surface on the cable 10 can shrink inwards when the first inserting rod 5 is pulled out, the complete second inserting rod 14 is inconvenient to be inserted into the cable 10, the temperature measuring point of the thermocouple 141 is perfectly penetrated into the conductor, and the conduit is completely inserted into the temperature measuring hole under the acting force of the tamping tube 145, the purpose of the thermocouple 141 is achieved, the temperature measuring head of the thermocouple 14 is tightly contacted with the cable 10, and the thermocouple 10 is not wrapped by the thermocouple conductor, and the thermocouple 10 is not tightly contacted with the cable 10;
it should be noted that, when the insulating layer 143 is made of an insulating self-adhesive tape, it is required to be formed into a pellet shape, or when the insulating AB glue is formulated, it is required to be formulated into a viscous semi-solidified state to be formed into a whole, and then the paste is plugged into the second cannula by the tamping tube 145, and at the same time, the insulating AB glue which can be solidified for a long time, for example, a small amount of self-adhesive glue such as silicone rubber, may be used to adhere, and then the mixed insulating AB glue is added.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first plunger 5 and the second plunger 14 have the same size; the second plunger 14 is made of polyethylene. The specifications of the first inserting rod 5 and the second inserting rod 14 are set to be consistent, the second inserting rod 14 and the temperature measuring hole can be completely attached, the influence of temperature on measurement is reduced, the accuracy of measurement data is improved, and the second inserting rod 14 made of polyethylene is used for bearing the thermocouple 141, the heat conducting layer 142, the insulating layer 143, the heat insulating layer 144 and the tamping pipe 145 and has excellent insulating performance.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the fixed assembly includes a screw rod 6, and the screw rod 6 is in threaded connection with the movable block 2; a first limiting block 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod 6; an annular groove 8 is formed in the L-shaped fixed block 1, and the screw rod 6 is in rotary connection with the screw rod 6 under the cooperation of the first limiting block 7 and the annular groove 8; a hand wheel 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screw rod 6. In order to realize the effect of fixing cables with different specifications, when the cable fixing device is specifically used, the hand wheel 9 is manually rotated to drive the screw rod 6 to rotate, then the distance between the L-shaped fixing block 1 and the movable block 2 is adjusted, the cable is clamped and fixed through the wedge-shaped clamping block 3 fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing block 1 and the movable block 2, and the bottom of the screw rod 6 is connected with the L-shaped fixing block 1 through the cooperation of the first limiting block 7 and the annular groove 8, so that the operation is simpler.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, a chute 11 is formed on the inner side of the L-shaped fixing plate; a sliding block 12 is fixedly connected to the movable block 2, and the sliding block 12 is connected in a sliding way in the sliding groove 11; the outer side of the L-shaped fixing plate is fixedly connected with a handle 15 which is positioned in the middle line. In order to avoid loosening the movable block 2 when adjusting the distance between the L-shaped fixed block 1 and the movable block 2, the moving path of the movable block 2 is limited by the cooperation of the sliding block 12 and the sliding groove 11, and the moving accuracy is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the surfaces of the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 3 are fixedly connected with rubber pads 13, and the rubber pads 13 are used for protecting cables.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a submarine cable temperature fault test method includes the following steps:
s1: firstly, calibrating the thermocouple 141 according to the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature measurement result;
s2: selecting a measuring point position on the cable, and punching the cable by using test equipment;
s3: after punching the cable, measuring the temperature of the cable by using test equipment again;
s4: and after the measurement is finished, the test equipment is taken down from the cable, and the obtained data are arranged and analyzed.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the measuring point position is selected at the highest point of the self-heating temperature in the cable thermal cycle. In order to obtain the highest temperature born by the cable temperature, the temperature measurement enables the test to be closer to the expected condition, the condition possibly met during the operation of the cable can be simulated more accurately, the service life of the cable is ensured, and the position of the measuring point needs to be selected at the highest point of the self-heating temperature in the thermal cycle of the cable.
Working principle:
because the T-type thermocouple 141 is a highly linear thermocouple 141, it is necessary to calibrate the thermocouple 141 according to the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, then measure the linear temperature measurement result by using the testing device, and change the slope and up-down movement value of the testing device by recording the ambient temperature and the boiling water temperature, so that the temperature measurement is accurate, in this process, when the cable is perforated by the perforation component, the vertical through treatment is performed from the measuring point of the cable outer surface to the cable inner conductor of the channel, so that the contact condition between the thermocouple 141 and the point to be measured can be conveniently confirmed, and in the load cycle, the vertical through insulating layer 143 can make the electric field more uniform, after the perforation component is used for perforating the cable, the measuring component is inserted into the hole, the measuring operation can be performed by attaching the measuring point of the measuring component to the conductor, and the measured temperature curve has the highest fitting degree with the theoretical temperature curve, and is the temperature condition in the operation closest to the actual cable;
after the insulating layer 143 and the insulating layer 144 are sequentially filled in the second inserting rod 14 respectively, the second inserting rod is placed in the hollow pipe 4 and aligned with a temperature measuring hole drilled by the first inserting rod, then the end part of the second inserting rod is inserted into a conductor of the cable 10, at the moment, the tamping pipe 145 is held by two hands and acted by force, so that the tamping pipe 145 slides up and down in the second inserting rod 14, the purpose of tamping each layer of material in the second inserting rod is achieved, meanwhile, as the first inserting rod 5 is pulled out, a temperature measuring hole drilled on a surface skin of the cable 10 is contracted inwards, the complete second inserting rod 14 is inconvenient to be inserted into the cable 10, the purpose of perfectly inserting a temperature measuring point of the thermocouple 141 into the conductor is achieved, at the moment, after the material in the second inserting rod 14 is tamped by the catheter, the second inserting rod 14 is completely inserted into the temperature measuring hole under the action force of the tamping pipe 145, the purpose of making a temperature measuring head on the thermocouple 141 contact with the conductor of the cable 10 is achieved, the surface skin of the cable 10 tightly wraps the second inserting rod 14, and the thermocouple 141 and the temperature measuring head of the cable 10 cannot be virtually separated from the conductor 10 is avoided;
the accurate thermocouple 141 of utilizing the heat conduction layer 142 and the accurate reliable contact of temperature measurement point greatly reduce the condition that thermocouple 141 survey electricity and the position take off with the position that takes care of, through heat preservation layer 144, make the temperature of measurement point less influenced by the temperature measurement hole, also can place the temperature measurement thermocouple 141 of sheath and conductor in same position, reduce the temperature measurement error that the measurement point is different to lead to, separate between heat preservation layer 144 and the heat conduction layer 142 through insulating layer 143, synthesize each item technique, reach accurate temperature measurement's purpose, the condition that the temperature measurement data that the unreasonable result of overall arrangement does not meet the requirement influences the test progress has been reached, the condition that the test period that the measurement point takes off leads to is prolonged, the condition that the cable conductor that the temperature measurement hole dispels the heat is overtemperature that the result, through the accurate control to the temperature, the current-carrying data that has been obtained more accurate, deepened cable user's the cognition to the cable performance, the use confidence of low reaches.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.