技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及眼科保健普查及疾病筛查，特别涉及对青光眼的检测及分类的领域。The present disclosure relates to the field of eye care screening and disease screening, particularly the detection and classification of glaucoma.
背景技术Background technique
青光眼病是一种视神经受损导致视力下降的眼疾。视神经的损伤，一般认为是因为眼压(也称为眼内压)过高，导致视神经受到过度加载所致。Glaucoma is an eye disease in which damage to the optic nerve causes vision loss. Optic nerve damage is generally thought to be caused by excessive intraocular pressure (also known as intraocular pressure), which causes the optic nerve to be overloaded.
青光眼的一种常见的检测方法是对被检测者进行视野测试，对应使用裂隙灯观察内眼球及获得眼部断层扫描的结果，综合评估视神经的状况。这种方法一般被认为能够准确评估视神经的状况，但这些检测没有前瞻性，一般不能评判或预测被被检测者的病情进展，甚或健康人患上青光眼的风险。A common detection method for glaucoma is to conduct a visual field test on the subject, using a slit lamp to observe the inner eyeball and obtain the results of an eye tomography to comprehensively evaluate the condition of the optic nerve. This method is generally considered to be able to accurately assess the condition of the optic nerve, but these tests are not prospective and generally cannot judge or predict the progression of the disease in the person being tested, or even the risk of glaucoma in healthy people.
青光眼的另一种常见的检查方法是使用眼压计来量测眼压。眼压是评估青光眼患病风险及治疗成效的常用诊断指标，其可以提供进一步的预估数据。如果测得眼压偏高(>21mmHg)，则视神经受损的风险较高，需要接受医疗跟进。然而，高眼压并不是患上青光眼，或更高概率患上青光眼的必然特征，在欧美地区，有10％至48％的开角青光眼患者是正常眼压青光眼，而在中国此比例更达50％以上。Another common test for glaucoma is to use a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure. Intraocular pressure is a commonly used diagnostic indicator to evaluate the risk of glaucoma and the effectiveness of treatment, and it can provide further predictive data. If the intraocular pressure is measured to be high (>21mmHg), the risk of optic nerve damage is higher and medical follow-up is required. However, high intraocular pressure is not an inevitable characteristic of developing glaucoma, or a higher probability of developing glaucoma. In Europe and the United States, 10% to 48% of open-angle glaucoma patients have normal intraocular pressure glaucoma, and in China this proportion is even higher. above 50.
可见，不论是基于常规眼科观察或是眼压量测，都不能比较全面反映眼部的状况，难以有效评估病情进展或患青光眼的机会。It can be seen that neither routine ophthalmological observation nor intraocular pressure measurement can fully reflect the condition of the eye, and it is difficult to effectively evaluate the progression of the disease or the chance of developing glaucoma.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决至少上述问题而提供了一种对青光眼的检测及分类系统和一种用于眼球检测的头戴式装置。In order to solve at least the above-mentioned problems, a glaucoma detection and classification system and a head-mounted device for eyeball detection are provided.
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种对青光眼的检测及分类系统，该系统包括：According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a glaucoma detection and classification system is provided, which system includes:
量测模块，用于在设定的时间段内的不同时间点量测同一被检测者的眼球在不同的环境状态下的几何拓扑数据；以及A measurement module used to measure the geometric topology data of the same subject's eyeballs under different environmental conditions at different time points within a set time period; and
分类模块，用于基于所述量测模块所量测的所述眼球在所述不同的环境状态下的几何拓扑数据，对所述被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。A classification module, configured to classify the eye state of the subject based on the geometric topological data of the eyeball in the different environmental states measured by the measurement module.
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种于眼球检测的头戴式装置，所述头戴式装置能够被佩带在被检测者的头部，并与所述被检测者的体表一同形成包围所述被检测者的眼部的封闭内腔，其中，According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a head-mounted device for eyeball detection is provided. The head-mounted device can be worn on the head of a subject and form an enclosure together with the body surface of the subject. The closed inner cavity of the subject's eye, wherein,
所述头戴式装置设有导管连接器，所述导管连接器能够通过控制气体进出来调节所述封闭内腔中的压力，并且the headset is provided with a conduit connector capable of regulating pressure in the enclosed lumen by controlling the inflow and outflow of gas, and
所述头戴式装置在与所述被检测者的眼部对应的位置设置有观察通道，使得操作者能够通过所述观察通道检测所述被检测者的眼球。The head-mounted device is provided with an observation channel at a position corresponding to the eye of the subject, so that the operator can detect the eyeball of the subject through the observation channel.
本公开提供的上述对青光眼的检测及分类系统，利用眼球在不同环境状态下受到不同加载时，因眼部相关生物组织顺应性的反应，导致眼球的拓扑变化，通过量测眼球的该几何拓扑变化，能准确地对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类，以便准确评估被检测者眼睛的健康状态，患上青光眼的风险，或青光眼病情的进展。此外，本公开提供的检测及分类系统不具有侵入性，可以安全地实施检测。The above-mentioned glaucoma detection and classification system provided by the present disclosure utilizes the topological changes of the eyeball caused by the response of the compliance of eye-related biological tissues when the eyeball is subjected to different loads under different environmental conditions. By measuring the geometric topology of the eyeball Changes can accurately classify the eye status of the subject, so as to accurately assess the health status of the subject's eyes, the risk of developing glaucoma, or the progression of glaucoma. In addition, the detection and classification system provided by the present disclosure is non-invasive and can safely perform detection.
此外，本公开提供的上述头戴式装置，可以在不妨碍获取被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据的前提下，为被检测者的眼球提供精确的外部加载，从而有利于精确地评估眼部相关生物组织的顺应性，准确地对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。In addition, the above-mentioned head-mounted device provided by the present disclosure can provide accurate external loading for the subject's eyeballs without hindering the acquisition of geometric topological data of the subject's eyeballs, thereby facilitating accurate eye assessment. The compliance of relevant biological tissues accurately classifies the eye status of the subject.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是根据本公开实施例的一种对青光眼的检测及分类系统的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glaucoma detection and classification system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图2是根据本公开实施例的另一种对青光眼的检测及分类系统的结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another glaucoma detection and classification system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图3是根据本公开实例1的对青光眼检测及分类的过程的流程图；Figure 3 is a flow chart of a process of detecting and classifying glaucoma according to Example 1 of the present disclosure;
图4是根据本公开实例1的基于所获得的眼球几何拓扑数据对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类的过程的流程图；4 is a flow chart of a process of classifying the eye state of a subject based on the obtained eyeball geometric topology data according to Example 1 of the present disclosure;
图5是根据本公开实例1的归一化散光轴角值的函数的示意图；以及Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a function of a normalized astigmatism axis angle value according to Example 1 of the present disclosure; and
图6是根据本公开实例2的对青光眼检测及分类的过程的流程图。6 is a flowchart of a process of detecting and classifying glaucoma according to Example 2 of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图来对本公开提供的示例性实施例进行详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的各实施例、实施例方式和实例中的特征可以任意相互结合。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the exemplary embodiments provided by the present disclosure are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the features in the various embodiments, embodiment modes and examples of the present disclosure can be combined with each other arbitrarily.
发明人注意到，眼压是一个动态变化的生物指标，具有一定的波动性及节律性，而不论是基于常规眼科观察或是眼压量测，都只是眼球于被检测时的单一瞬间状态，因此未必能比较全面反映眼部的状况。此外，高眼压并非导致视神经受损的唯一原因，视神经的生物组织还会受因为眼球运动所带动的应力和应变所影响，而视神经相关的生物组织能够承受的强度(Bio tissue strength)，一般与组织的顺应性(tissue compliance)相关。生物组织的顺应性是因人而异的，而且可能随着年龄或一些病变而降低。如果视神经相关的生物组织顺应性低，则当其受到眼压提升或眼球运动的加载时，所承受的应力会比较高，所以有较高机会受到损伤。此外，生物组织的机械特征一般都是非线性的，而且响应是与时间相关的。The inventor noticed that intraocular pressure is a dynamically changing biological indicator with certain fluctuations and rhythms. Whether it is based on conventional ophthalmological observation or intraocular pressure measurement, it is only a single instantaneous state of the eyeball when it is detected. Therefore, it may not be able to fully reflect the condition of the eyes. In addition, high intraocular pressure is not the only cause of optic nerve damage. The biological tissue of the optic nerve is also affected by the stress and strain caused by eye movements. The strength of the biological tissue related to the optic nerve that can withstand (Bio tissue strength) is generally Relevant to tissue compliance. The compliance of biological tissues varies from person to person and may decrease with age or some pathologies. If the compliance of the biological tissue related to the optic nerve is low, when it is loaded by increased intraocular pressure or eye movement, the stress it will bear will be relatively high, so there is a higher chance of being damaged. In addition, the mechanical characteristics of biological tissues are generally nonlinear and the responses are time-dependent.
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供一种对青光眼的检测及分类系统。如图1所示，所述检测及分类系统包括：量测模块20，用于在设定的时间段内的不同时间点量测同一被检测者的眼球在不同的环境状态下的几何拓扑数据；以及分类模块30，用于基于所述量测模块20所量测的所述眼球在所述不同的环境状态下的几何拓扑数据，对所述被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a glaucoma detection and classification system. As shown in Figure 1, the detection and classification system includes: a measurement module 20, used to measure the geometric topology data of the eyeballs of the same subject under different environmental conditions at different time points within a set time period. ; and a classification module 30 for classifying the eye state of the subject based on the geometric topological data of the eyeball in the different environmental states measured by the measurement module 20 .
本公开实施例的检测及分类系统利用眼球在不同环境状态下受到不同加载时，因眼部相关生物组织顺应性的反应，导致眼球的拓扑变化，通过量测眼球的该几何拓扑变化，能准确地对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类，以便准确评估被检测者眼睛的健康状态，患上青光眼的风险，或青光眼病情的进展。此外，本公开实施例中的检测及分类系统不具有侵入性，可以安全地实施检测。The detection and classification system of the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the topological changes of the eyeball caused by the compliance response of eye-related biological tissues when the eyeball is subjected to different loads under different environmental conditions. By measuring the geometric topological changes of the eyeball, it can accurately The eye status of the subject is accurately classified in order to accurately assess the health status of the subject's eyes, the risk of developing glaucoma, or the progression of glaucoma. In addition, the detection and classification system in the embodiments of the present disclosure is non-invasive and can safely perform detection.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态包括不同的压力，以使得被检测者的眼球至少在多次量测中的两次里受到不同程度的加载。In some embodiments, the different environmental states include different pressures, so that the subject's eyeballs are loaded to different degrees in at least two of the multiple measurements.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态可包括以下环境状态中的至少两种：i)环境大气压；ii)低于环境大气压的压力；iii)高于环境大气压的压力。In some embodiments, the different environmental states may include at least two of the following environmental states: i) ambient atmospheric pressure; ii) pressure below ambient atmospheric pressure; iii) pressure above ambient atmospheric pressure.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态包括依时间而进展的：环境大气压、低于环境大气压的压力、环境大气压。In some embodiments, the different environmental states include a progression over time: ambient atmospheric pressure, pressure below ambient atmospheric pressure, ambient atmospheric pressure.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态包括依时间而进展的：环境大气压、高于环境大气压的压力、环境大气压。In some embodiments, the different environmental states include a progression over time: ambient atmospheric pressure, a pressure above ambient atmospheric pressure, and ambient atmospheric pressure.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态可包括正常环境状态(环境大气压)和由被检测者自己实现的加载环境状态。具体地，被检测者可用手指或辅助器具同时紧压两边鼻孔作闭气，再以擤鼻的方式让鼻内压升高，升高的鼻内压会使眼部受到一定程度的加载，从而使眼球的拓扑产生变化。In some embodiments, the different environmental states may include a normal environmental state (ambient atmospheric pressure) and a loaded environmental state implemented by the subject himself. Specifically, the subject can use fingers or auxiliary devices to press both nostrils at the same time to hold the breath, and then blow the nose to increase the intranasal pressure. The increased intranasal pressure will load the eyes to a certain extent, thus causing The topology of the eyeball changes.
在一些实施方式中，所述不同的环境状态还可包括相同或不同的预设温度。In some embodiments, the different environmental states may also include the same or different preset temperatures.
在一些实施方式中，如图2所示，根据本公开实施例的对青光眼的检测及分类系统还包括环境设定模块10，该环境设定模块10用于为被检测者的眼球提供所述不同的环境状态。In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the glaucoma detection and classification system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes an environment setting module 10, which is used to provide the eyeballs of the subject with the different environmental states.
在一些实施方式中，所述量测模块20在针对每个环境状态对所述眼球进行多次量测，并且所述分类模块30计算在每个环境状态下量测的所述眼球的几何拓扑数据的平均值。In some embodiments, the measurement module 20 measures the eyeball multiple times for each environmental state, and the classification module 30 calculates the geometric topology of the eyeball measured in each environmental state. The average of the data.
在一些实施方式中，考虑到量测的效率和准确性，所述量测模块20量测眼球的时间间隔为15至30秒。当然，其他的时间间隔也可是可行的。In some embodiments, considering the efficiency and accuracy of measurement, the measurement module 20 measures the eyeballs at a time interval of 15 to 30 seconds. Of course, other time intervals are possible.
在一些实施方式中，眼球的几何拓扑数据包括眼球的角膜地形图。In some embodiments, the geometric topography data of the eyeball includes a corneal topography map of the eyeball.
在一些实施方式中，眼球的几何拓扑数据包括眼球角膜造影。In some embodiments, the geometric topology data of the eyeball includes ocular keratography.
在一些实施方式中，眼球的几何拓扑数据包括眼球的断层扫描数据。In some embodiments, the geometric topology data of the eyeball includes tomography data of the eyeball.
在一些实施方式中，所述量测模块20包括前角膜相干断层扫描仪器、角膜造影仪器或角膜地形图仪。In some embodiments, the measurement module 20 includes an anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument, a corneal imaging instrument, or a corneal topograph.
在一些实施方式中，所述量测模块20还用于获取眼球的几何拓扑数据的参数。In some embodiments, the measurement module 20 is also used to obtain parameters of the geometric topological data of the eyeball.
在一些实施方式中，所述眼球的几何拓扑数据的参数是从所述几何拓扑数据中提取的散光轴角。In some embodiments, the parameter of the eyeball's geometric topology data is an astigmatism axis angle extracted from the geometric topology data.
在一些实施方式中，所述眼球的几何拓扑数据的参数是归一化的所述散光轴角。In some embodiments, the parameter of the eyeball's geometric topology data is the normalized astigmatism axis angle.
在一些实施方式中，所述分类模块30还用于制定所述眼球的几何拓扑数据的参数随环境状态的变化的函数。In some embodiments, the classification module 30 is also used to formulate a function of the parameters of the eyeball's geometric topology data as the environmental state changes.
在一些实施方式中，所述函数是时间函数或压力函数。In some embodiments, the function is a time function or a pressure function.
在一些实施方式中，所述分类模块30还用于计算所述函数的导数。In some embodiments, the classification module 30 is also used to calculate the derivative of the function.
在一些实施方式中，所述分类模块30还用于计算所述导数的斜率。In some embodiments, the classification module 30 is also used to calculate the slope of the derivative.
在一些实施方式中，所述分类模块30还用于根据所述斜率的大小，对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。In some embodiments, the classification module 30 is also used to classify the eye state of the subject according to the magnitude of the slope.
在一些实施方式中，所述分类模块30通过拟合获得眼球的几何拓扑数据的参数随环境状态而变化的变化率，并基于所述变化率对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。In some embodiments, the classification module 30 obtains the change rate of the parameters of the eyeball's geometric topology data with the environmental state through fitting, and classifies the eye state of the subject based on the change rate.
在一些实施例中，所述对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类的结果，用于指示被检测者患上青光眼的风险或被检测者的青光眼病情的进展。In some embodiments, the result of classifying the eye status of the subject is used to indicate the risk of the subject suffering from glaucoma or the progression of the subject's glaucoma condition.
本发明的实施例还提供一种用于眼球检测的头戴式装置。该头戴式装置能够被佩带在被检测者的头部，并与被检测者的体表(例如，眼眶、面部、颈部的表面)一同形成包围被检测者的眼部的封闭内腔。其中，该头戴式装置设有导管连接器，所述导管连接器能够通过控制气体进出来调节所述封闭内腔中的压力，并且，该头戴式装置在与被检测者的眼部对应的位置设置有观察通道，使得操作者能够通过所述观察通道检测被检测者的眼球。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a head-mounted device for eyeball detection. The head-mounted device can be worn on the subject's head, and together with the subject's body surface (for example, the surface of the eye socket, face, and neck) forms a closed inner cavity surrounding the subject's eyes. Wherein, the head-mounted device is provided with a conduit connector, the conduit connector can adjust the pressure in the closed inner cavity by controlling the inflow and outflow of gas, and the head-mounted device corresponds to the eyes of the subject. An observation channel is provided at the position so that the operator can detect the eyeballs of the person being inspected through the observation channel.
在一些实施方式中，所述头戴式装置可以用作上述检测及分类系统中的环境设定模块10。In some embodiments, the head mounted device can be used as the environment setting module 10 in the above detection and classification system.
利用上述头戴式装置，可以在不妨碍获取被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据的前提下，为被检测者的眼球提供精确的外部加载，从而有利于精确地评估眼部相关生物组织的顺应性，准确地对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。The above-mentioned head-mounted device can provide precise external loading for the subject's eyeballs without hindering the acquisition of geometric topological data of the subject's eyeballs, thereby facilitating the accurate assessment of the compliance of eye-related biological tissues. performance, and accurately classify the eye status of the subject.
在一些实施方式中，所述导管连接器连接气体导管，并通过所述气体导管向所述封闭内腔导入气体或从所述封闭内腔导出气体。In some embodiments, the conduit connector is connected to a gas conduit, and gas is introduced into or removed from the closed lumen through the gas conduit.
在一些实施方式中，通过控制所述气体的流量来设定所述封闭内腔中的压力。In some embodiments, the pressure in the enclosed lumen is set by controlling the flow of gas.
在一些实施方式中，通过控制向所述封闭内腔导入的气体的成分来设定所述封闭内腔中的压力。In some embodiments, the pressure in the enclosed lumen is set by controlling the composition of the gas introduced into the enclosed lumen.
在一些实施方式中，所述气体选自空气、水蒸汽和氮气。In some embodiments, the gas is selected from the group consisting of air, water vapor, and nitrogen.
在一些实施方式中，所述气体导管或所述导管连接器连接有气泵。In some embodiments, the gas conduit or the conduit connector is connected to a gas pump.
在一些实施方式中，所述头戴式装置还设置有感测所述封闭内腔中的压力的压力传感器。In some embodiments, the headset is further provided with a pressure sensor that senses pressure in the enclosed lumen.
在一些实施方式中，所述观察通道是安装有透明材料的开孔。In some embodiments, the viewing channel is an aperture mounted with transparent material.
在一些实施方式中，所述开孔通过连接装置，连接到观察设备上。In some embodiments, the opening is connected to the observation device through a connecting device.
在一些实施方式中，所述观察设备选自前角膜相干断层扫描仪器、角膜造影仪器和角膜地形图仪。In some embodiments, the viewing device is selected from the group consisting of an anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument, a keratography instrument, and a corneal topographer.
下面，结合图3至图6所示的具体实例，描述利用根据本公开实施例的检测及分类系统进行对青光眼的检测及分类的过程。Next, the process of detecting and classifying glaucoma using the detection and classification system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the specific examples shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 .
实例1Example 1
本实例中，由被检测者自己实现加载环境状态(对眼球加载)。In this example, the subject himself implements loading of the environment state (loading of eyeballs).
如图3所示，根据本实例的对青光眼的检测及分类的过程包括以下步骤110至180。As shown in Figure 3, the process of detecting and classifying glaucoma according to this example includes the following steps 110 to 180.
步骤110：安排被检测者在检测前，休息约5分钟或以上以作平复。Step 110: Arrange for the subject to rest for about 5 minutes or more to recover before the test.
步骤120：在没有任何外部加载的条件下(即，在环境大气压下)，利用作为量测模块20的实例的前角膜相干断层扫描仪器或角膜造影仪器，量测被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据，作为原始参考。Step 120: Measure the geometric topology of the eyeball of the subject using an anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument or a corneal imaging instrument as an example of the measurement module 20 without any external loading (i.e., under ambient atmospheric pressure). data as a raw reference.
值得一提的是，没有外部加载情况下的量测可以重复进行，以确保被检测者不是处于太大波动的状态。It is worth mentioning that the measurement without external loading can be repeated to ensure that the person being tested is not in a state of too much fluctuation.
步骤130：根据在先两次或更多次量测的结果，确认被检测者眼部的状态是否没有太大的波动，如果确认结果为否，过程返回步骤110，否则，过程继续至步骤140。Step 130: Based on the results of two or more previous measurements, confirm whether the state of the subject's eyes has not fluctuated too much. If the confirmation result is no, the process returns to step 110. Otherwise, the process continues to step 140. .
步骤140：令被检测者用手指或辅助器具同时紧压两边鼻孔作闭气，同时以擤鼻的方式让鼻内压升高，利用鼻内压的升高使被检测者的眼部受到一定程度的加载。Step 140: Ask the subject to use fingers or auxiliary devices to press both nostrils at the same time to hold his breath. At the same time, blow the nose to increase the intranasal pressure. Use the increase in intranasal pressure to cause the subject's eyes to be affected to a certain extent. of loading.
步骤150：在被检测者闭气擤鼻的同时，利用所述前角膜相干断层扫描仪器或角膜造影仪器量测其眼部受到加载时的眼球的几何拓扑数据。Step 150: While the subject is holding his breath and blowing his nose, use the anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument or the corneal imaging instrument to measure the geometric topology data of the eyeball when the eye is loaded.
步骤160：当完成第一次量测后，令被检测者放松休息15至30秒。Step 160: After completing the first measurement, ask the subject to relax and rest for 15 to 30 seconds.
特别地，重复的加载量测及休息循环可进行2次或以上(即，步骤140-160重复最少一次)。In particular, repeated loading measurement and rest cycles may be performed 2 or more times (ie, steps 140-160 are repeated at least once).
步骤170：在没有加载的条件下，重复2次或以上量测被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据。Step 170: Repeat the measurement of the geometric topology data of the subject's eyeballs for two or more times without loading.
步骤180：基于所获得的眼球的几何拓扑数据，由分类模块30按预定条件对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。Step 180: Based on the obtained geometric topological data of the eyeball, the classification module 30 classifies the eye state of the subject according to predetermined conditions.
如图4所示，上述步骤180可包括以下子步骤181至188：As shown in Figure 4, the above step 180 may include the following sub-steps 181 to 188:
步骤181：从所述量测模块(前角膜相干断层扫描仪器或角膜造影仪器)的量测结果提取角膜拓扑数据。Step 181: Extract corneal topology data from the measurement results of the measurement module (anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument or corneal imaging instrument).
步骤182：从角膜拓扑数据，提取散光轴角的值。Step 182: Extract the value of the astigmatism axis angle from the corneal topology data.
步骤183：计算加载和没加载情况下的散光轴角平均值。Step 183: Calculate the average astigmatism axis angle with and without loading.
步骤184：以上述平均值作为散光轴角值归一化的基数。Step 184: Use the above average value as the basis for normalizing the astigmatism axis angle value.
步骤185：建立归一化散光轴角相对于加载及没有加载的函数。Step 185: Establish the normalized astigmatism axis angle as a function of loading and no loading.
步骤186：计算上述函数的导数。Step 186: Calculate the derivative of the above function.
步骤187：根据上述导数计算或分析出上述函数的斜率。Step 187: Calculate or analyze the slope of the above function based on the above derivative.
步骤188：根据斜率的大小对眼睛状态进行分类。Step 188: Classify eye states according to the magnitude of the slope.
在一次实际检测中，将被检测者1及被检测者2所得到的结果分别列出于下面的表1和表2。In an actual test, the results obtained by test subject 1 and test subject 2 are listed in Table 1 and Table 2 below respectively.
表1，被检测者1数据Table 1, data of subject 1
表2，被检测者2数据Table 2, data of subject 2
由于第一次加载的时候，一般人的反应都会偏低，所以可将第一次加载所得的结果略去(即检测者1的第37秒数据及检测者2的第32秒数据)。Since most people's responses will be low when loading for the first time, the results obtained from the first loading can be omitted (ie, the 37th second data of Detector 1 and the 32nd second data of Detector 2).
将没有加载的结果算出平均值，得出被检者1的没加载情况下的散光轴角平均值为86度，被检者2的没加载情况下的散光轴角平均值为82度。将以上所得的平均值作为被检者各自的归一化的基数。然后建立以加载作为自变量的归一化散光轴角值的函数，见图5。Calculating the average of the results without loading, the average astigmatism axis angle of subject 1 without loading is 86 degrees, and the average astigmatism axis angle of subject 2 without loading is 82 degrees. The average value obtained above was used as the normalized base number for each subject. Then a function loading the normalized astigmatism axis angle value as an independent variable is established, see Figure 5.
从图5可见，被检测者1的斜率，比被检测者2明显更低，因此，可以认定被检测者1患青光眼的风险偏低，但被检测者2患青光眼的风险偏高。As can be seen from Figure 5, the slope of subject 1 is significantly lower than that of subject 2. Therefore, it can be concluded that subject 1 has a low risk of glaucoma, but subject 2 has a high risk of glaucoma.
实例2Example 2
本实例中，由根据本发明的头戴式装置为被测试者提供不同的环境状态(无加载状态和至少一个加载状态)。In this example, the head-mounted device according to the present invention provides the subject with different environmental states (no loading state and at least one loading state).
如图6所示，根据本实例的对青光眼的检测及分类的过程包括以下步骤210至290。As shown in Figure 6, the process of detecting and classifying glaucoma according to this example includes the following steps 210 to 290.
步骤210：安排被检测者带上头戴式装置，Step 210: Arrange the subject to wear the head-mounted device,
步骤220：安排被检测者在检测前休息约5分钟或以上以作平复。Step 220: Arrange for the subject to rest for about 5 minutes or more to recover before the test.
步骤230：在没有任何外部加载的条件(零表压)下，利用作为量测模块的实例的前角膜相干断层扫描仪器或角膜造影仪器，量测被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据，作为原始参考。Step 230: Without any external loading (zero gauge pressure), use an anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument or a corneal imaging instrument as an example of the measurement module to measure the geometric topology data of the subject's eyeball as the original refer to.
值得一提的是，没有外部加载情况下的量测可以重复进行，以确保被检测者不是处于太大波动的状态。It is worth mentioning that the measurement without external loading can be repeated to ensure that the person being tested is not in a state of too much fluctuation.
步骤240：根据在先两次或更多次量测的结果，确认被检测者眼部的状态是否没有太大的波动，如果确认结果为否，过程返回步骤220，否则，过程继续至步骤250。Step 240: Based on the results of two or more previous measurements, confirm whether the state of the subject's eyes has not fluctuated too much. If the confirmation result is no, the process returns to step 220. Otherwise, the process continues to step 250. .
步骤250：操作头戴式装置的内腔至设定的负压(负表压)，使被检测者的眼部受到一定程度的加载。Step 250: Operate the inner cavity of the head-mounted device to the set negative pressure (negative gauge pressure), so that the eyes of the subject are loaded to a certain extent.
步骤260：利用所述前角膜相干断层扫描仪器或角膜造影仪器量测被检测者在眼部受到加载时的眼球的几何拓扑数据。Step 260: Use the anterior corneal coherence tomography instrument or the corneal imaging instrument to measure the geometric topology data of the eyeball of the subject when the eye is loaded.
有利的是，该量测步骤重复2次或以上，两次量测的间隔为15至30秒。Advantageously, the measurement step is repeated two or more times, and the interval between two measurements is 15 to 30 seconds.
步骤270：令被检测者放松休息15至30秒，同时将头戴式装置的内腔调回至没有加载的条件(零表压)。Step 270: Let the subject relax and rest for 15 to 30 seconds, and at the same time adjust the inner cavity of the head-mounted device back to the unloaded condition (zero gauge pressure).
步骤280：在没有加载的条件下，重复2次或以上量测被检测者的眼球的几何拓扑数据。Step 280: Repeat the measurement of the geometric topology data of the subject's eyeballs for two or more times without loading.
步骤290：基于所获得的眼球的几何拓扑数据，由分类模块30按预定条件对被检测者的眼睛状态进行分类。Step 290: Based on the obtained geometric topological data of the eyeball, the classification module 30 classifies the eye state of the subject according to predetermined conditions.
需要说明的是，步骤290中的分类过程，可与前面的实例中的步骤181至188类似，在此不再赘述。It should be noted that the classification process in step 290 may be similar to steps 181 to 188 in the previous example, and will not be described again.
此外，在上述实例的步骤250中，也可以将头戴式装置的内腔调制正表压。In addition, in step 250 of the above example, the inner cavity of the head-mounted device may also be modulated to a positive gauge pressure.
此外，也可以分别在一个或多个负表压、一个或多个正表压、零表压的条件下进行几何拓扑数据的量测。在这种情况下，可以建立归一化散光轴角相对于表压的函数，并通过拟合等算法计算该函数的导数/斜率。In addition, the geometric topology data can also be measured under the conditions of one or more negative gauge pressures, one or more positive gauge pressures, and zero gauge pressure. In this case, it is possible to establish a function of the normalized astigmatism axis angle with respect to gauge pressure and calculate the derivative/slope of this function through algorithms such as fitting.
本领域技术人员可以理解，以上实施例、实施方式和实例仅仅是示意性的，本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。Those skilled in the art can understand that the above embodiments, implementations and examples are only illustrative, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the disclosure.
本领域技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开的至少部分模块可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。Those skilled in the art will understand that at least some of the modules disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be cooperated by several physical components implement. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit . Such software may be distributed on computer-readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. , removable and non-removable media. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is known to those of skill in the art that communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and may include any information delivery media.
另外，本公开中虽然采用了具体术语，但它们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义，并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实施例中，对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，除非另外明确指出，否则可单独使用与特定实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元素，或可与其他实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。Additionally, although specific terms are employed in this disclosure, they are used and should be interpreted in a general descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In some embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone, or may be used in conjunction with other embodiments, unless expressly stated otherwise. , features and/or components used in combination.
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| CN202310489974.XAPendingCN117012367A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2023-05-04 | Eye detection and classification system and device for eye detection |
| CN202310489788.6APendingCN117009865A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2023-05-04 | Glaucoma detection and classification system and head-mounted device |
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| CN1229345A (en)* | 1996-09-04 | 1999-09-22 | 马西奥·马克·奥雷利奥·马丁斯·阿布雷乌 | Tonometer system for measuring intraocular pressure using the applanation and/or indentation method |
| CN102309312A (en)* | 2010-06-21 | 2012-01-11 | 欧科路光学器械有限公司 | Ophthalmology analytical method and analytical system |
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| CN113842266A (en)* | 2015-08-27 | 2021-12-28 | 伊奎诺克斯眼科公司 | Apparatus for at least one of diagnosing or treating an eye condition |
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