技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种运动康复系统。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a sports rehabilitation system.
背景技术Background technique
四肢肌肉萎缩或发生萎缩倾向是很多综合性疾病的以退行性病理改变为基础的疾病症状，例如，颈椎病或肘管综合征。患有这类疾病的患者会在病情中前期出现上肢肌肉萎缩，重症肌无力的发病初始点为患者四肢肌肉。伴随疾病发展，脑部缺氧、伴随四肢肌肉萎缩或部分萎缩的脊髓病变等症状逐渐出现。相较于疾病的诱导，如因粉碎性骨折、瘫痪等导致的长期卧床也是四肢肌肉萎缩的诱因。Limb muscle atrophy or tendency to atrophy is a symptom of many comprehensive diseases based on degenerative pathological changes, such as cervical spondylosis or cubital tunnel syndrome. Patients with this type of disease will experience upper limb muscle atrophy in the middle and early stages of the disease. The initial point of onset of myasthenia gravis is the patient's limb muscles. As the disease progresses, symptoms such as brain hypoxia and spinal cord lesions accompanied by muscle atrophy or partial atrophy of the limbs gradually appear. Compared with the induction of diseases, long-term bed rest due to comminuted fractures, paralysis, etc. are also causes of limb muscle atrophy.
在现有技术中，对于身体状态好转的患者而言，肢端肌肉萎缩可以通过主动或被动康复锻炼逆转。而对于身体状态较弱的患者而言，通过主动或被动康复锻炼能够减缓肌肉萎缩的进程，提高患者生活质量，增强患者身体素质。In the prior art, acrofacial muscle atrophy can be reversed through active or passive rehabilitation exercises in patients whose physical condition improves. For patients with weak physical condition, active or passive rehabilitation exercises can slow down the process of muscle atrophy, improve the patient's quality of life, and enhance the patient's physical fitness.
随着医疗水平的进步，主动或被动康复锻炼的手段也从医疗师或患者家属为患者人工摁压转变为使用各类医疗辅助器械，医疗领域所使用到的技术以及相关设备也在逐渐进步。医院针对肌肉受损的患者一般会在后期采用装置辅助康复训练的方式进行治疗，装置的使用方式大多为固定式和移动便携式两种。With the advancement of medical standards, the means of active or passive rehabilitation exercises have also changed from manual pressure for patients by medical doctors or patients' family members to the use of various medical auxiliary devices. The technology and related equipment used in the medical field are also gradually improving. For patients with muscle damage, hospitals generally use device-assisted rehabilitation training for treatment in the later stage. Most of the devices are used in two ways: fixed and mobile.
现有技术中，患者的肢端康复锻炼主要分为两个部分，一个是患者自行前往医院，并在医护人员的辅助下完成锻炼；另一个是遵医嘱地居家自行锻炼。不论是居家锻炼还是去医院锻炼，都离不开医疗辅助器械。In the existing technology, the patient's extremity rehabilitation exercises are mainly divided into two parts. One is that the patient goes to the hospital on his own and completes the exercises with the assistance of medical staff; the other is that he exercises at home by himself in accordance with the doctor's instructions. Whether you are exercising at home or going to the hospital, you cannot do without medical auxiliary equipment.
专利号为CN109173180A的中国专利公开了一种穿戴式肌肉康复锻炼装置，其包括有上夹块、第一橡胶气囊、布带、下夹块、第二橡胶气囊、卡扣、连接块、弧形板、弧形滑轨、第一滑块等；上夹块下侧设有第一橡胶气囊，上夹块前后两侧均设有两个布带，下夹块顶部设有第二橡胶气囊，下夹块前后两侧均设有卡扣。The Chinese patent with patent number CN109173180A discloses a wearable muscle rehabilitation exercise device, which includes an upper clamp block, a first rubber air bag, a cloth belt, a lower clamp block, a second rubber air bag, a buckle, a connecting block, and an arc. plate, arc slide rail, first slide block, etc.; there is a first rubber airbag on the lower side of the upper clamping block, two cloth belts are provided on the front and rear sides of the upper clamping block, and a second rubber airbag is provided on the top of the lower clamping block. There are buckles on the front and rear sides of the lower clamp block.
或，如专利号为CN107518895A的中国专利提供一种面向康复训练的同一肌肉检测方法，用来监测肌肉康复训练进程。该方法首先对采集的多通道表面肌电信号分解得到运动单元发放序列，其次提取运动单元发放波形，然后利用运动单元发放波形的峰的峰值以及差分的发放波形，估计运动单元空间位置，从而确定同一肌肉，最后观测同一肌肉在康复训练中的变化，调整康复训练计划。Or, for example, the Chinese patent with patent number CN107518895A provides a same muscle detection method for rehabilitation training to monitor the progress of muscle rehabilitation training. This method first decomposes the collected multi-channel surface electromyographic signals to obtain the motor unit firing sequence, then extracts the motor unit firing waveform, and then uses the peak value of the motor unit firing waveform and the differential firing waveform to estimate the spatial position of the motor unit, thereby determining For the same muscle, finally observe the changes of the same muscle during rehabilitation training and adjust the rehabilitation training plan.
针对非健康状态的萎缩肌肉的康复，电刺激法也是有效的被动锻炼方法。如专利号为CN107737404A的中国专利涉及一种康复系统的神经肌肉电刺激电路以及康复系统。所述康复系统的神经肌肉电刺激电路包括依次连接的单片机、电信号调节模块和输出接口，所述电信号调节模块包括电流调节电路和电压调节电路；所述单片机输出PWM信号和控制信号，所述电流调节电路接收所述PWM信号和控制信号，根据所述控制信号对所述PWM信号进行电流放大，将电流放大后的PWM信号输送至电压调节电路进行电压放大，最后通过所述输出接口输出符合神经肌肉电刺激的PWM信号。For the rehabilitation of atrophied muscles in unhealthy conditions, electrical stimulation is also an effective passive exercise method. For example, the Chinese patent with patent number CN107737404A involves a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit for a rehabilitation system and a rehabilitation system. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of the rehabilitation system includes a single-chip microcomputer, an electrical signal adjustment module and an output interface connected in sequence. The electrical signal adjustment module includes a current adjustment circuit and a voltage adjustment circuit; the single-chip computer outputs a PWM signal and a control signal, so The current adjustment circuit receives the PWM signal and the control signal, performs current amplification on the PWM signal according to the control signal, transmits the amplified current PWM signal to the voltage adjustment circuit for voltage amplification, and finally outputs it through the output interface PWM signal consistent with neuromuscular electrical stimulation.
现有技术中，依靠患者主观能动性的肢端锻炼医疗器械或基于患者的肌肉状态生成的自动化康复训练检测器械仅能够使患者肢端肌肉获得单一锻炼模式。In the existing technology, extremity exercise medical equipment that relies on the patient's subjective initiative or automated rehabilitation training detection equipment generated based on the patient's muscle status can only enable the patient's extremity muscles to obtain a single exercise mode.
肢端肌肉的构成复杂，肌肉组织中包含提高肢端肌肉耐力的慢肌和影响肢端肌肉爆发力的快肌。仅仅依靠电刺激的被动锻炼或主动锻炼是无法达到有效的锻炼目的的。具体地，长时间的电刺激锻炼会造成肌肉麻木，降低患者对自身肌肉神经支配下的掌控力；而长时间的自主锻炼既可能以错误的姿态锻炼而造成肌肉拉伤，又可能因患者意志力薄弱而存在自主锻炼的上限无法提高的问题。由于缺乏有效的引导患者自主锻炼的方法，患者在接受电刺激后对肌肉产生的锻炼效果无法发挥到最优效果。由于电刺激后的自主锻炼不达标，康复效果降低的同时还会加重电刺激肌肉产生的疼痛或痒麻感觉，加深患者对电刺激康复手段的畏惧感。The composition of extremity muscles is complex. The muscle tissue includes slow twitch muscles that improve the endurance of extremity muscles and fast twitch muscles that affect the explosive power of extremity muscles. Passive exercise or active exercise relying solely on electrical stimulation cannot achieve effective exercise purposes. Specifically, long-term electrical stimulation exercise will cause muscle numbness and reduce the patient's control over their own muscle nerves; while long-term independent exercise may cause muscle strain due to incorrect postures, and may also cause muscle strain due to the patient's will. Due to weak strength, there is a problem that the upper limit of independent exercise cannot be increased. Due to the lack of effective methods to guide patients to exercise independently, patients cannot achieve optimal muscle exercise effects after receiving electrical stimulation. Since the independent exercise after electrical stimulation is not up to standard, the rehabilitation effect will be reduced and the pain or itching and numbness caused by electrical stimulation of muscles will be aggravated, which will deepen the patient's fear of electrical stimulation rehabilitation methods.
基于此，本申请提供一种运动康复系统。本系统能够交替设置被动锻炼的电刺激模式和主动锻炼的气囊挤压模式。Based on this, this application provides a sports rehabilitation system. This system can alternately set the electrical stimulation mode for passive exercise and the air bag extrusion mode for active exercise.
此外，一方面由于对本领域技术人员的理解存在差异；另一方面由于申请人做出本发明时研究了大量文献和专利，但篇幅所限并未详细罗列所有的细节与内容，然而这绝非本发明不具备这些现有技术的特征，相反本发明已经具备现有技术的所有特征，而且申请人保留在背景技术中增加相关现有技术之权利。In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, all details and contents are not listed in detail. However, this is by no means The present invention does not have these features of the prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
肢端肌肉是保持患者身体状态、维持患者在日常生活中活动手臂、行走的重要肌群。肢端肌肉萎缩是指肌肉纤维变细甚至消失等导致的肌肉体积缩小，这类病症的诱因包含神经系统功能障碍、肢端损伤而长期不使用肢端肌肉等。当患者出现上述问题时，医护人员会建议患者进行肢端肌肉的康复训练，这类训练一方面能够帮助患者保持当前肢端肌肉的纤维状态(弹性、直径大小)；另一方面，对于存在康复可能的患者而言，也能够在康复训练的辅助下尽快恢复肢端功能，及时回到正常的生活状态。Limb muscles are important muscle groups that maintain the patient's physical condition and allow the patient to move their arms and walk in daily life. Acral muscle atrophy refers to the reduction in muscle volume caused by the thinning or even disappearance of muscle fibers. The causes of this disease include nervous system dysfunction, extremity injury and long-term non-use of extremity muscles. When patients have the above problems, medical staff will recommend that patients perform rehabilitation training of acral muscles. On the one hand, this type of training can help patients maintain the fiber status (elasticity and diameter) of the current acral muscles; on the other hand, for patients with rehabilitation problems For possible patients, with the assistance of rehabilitation training, they can restore limb function as soon as possible and return to normal life in time.
现有技术中，对于肢端肌肉康复训练主要依赖单一的康复手段。例如，面对瘫痪患者采用电刺激法，对于可主动锻炼的患者采用器械锻炼的方法。具体地，肌肉电刺激(EMS)主要目的是激活、锻炼运动肌肉纤维；功能性电刺激(FES)主要目的是代偿受损的肌肉组织，通过电刺激的作用去补偿受损组织的功能；神经肌肉电刺激(NMES)，是指利用低频脉冲电流刺激神经或肌肉，引起肌肉收缩，提高肌肉功能来治疗神经肌肉疾患。器械一般为夹持在患者手臂或腿部的摁压设备或挂接在患者手臂或腿部的提拉设备。In the existing technology, rehabilitation training of extremity muscles mainly relies on a single rehabilitation method. For example, electrical stimulation is used for paralyzed patients, and equipment exercise is used for patients who can actively exercise. Specifically, the main purpose of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is to activate and exercise motor muscle fibers; the main purpose of functional electrical stimulation (FES) is to compensate for damaged muscle tissue and compensate for the function of damaged tissue through the action of electrical stimulation; Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) refers to the use of low-frequency pulse current to stimulate nerves or muscles, causing muscle contraction and improving muscle function to treat neuromuscular diseases. The equipment is generally a pressing device clamped on the patient's arm or leg or a lifting device hooked on the patient's arm or leg.
在实际的治疗过程中，本申请发现在对患者进行长时间不间断的电刺激治疗时，若患者肢端的感觉并未消失(例如，恢复肌肉力量的运动员、肌肉废用性萎缩的患者)，长时间与接收电极片的电刺激会在接触位置产生瘙痒甚至刺痛的感觉，对于一些毅力不强的患者(或肢端萎缩还没影响到其生活而容易放弃的患者)而言，这类感觉也是严重影响患者坚持后续治疗的原因之一。In the actual treatment process, this application found that when the patient is subjected to long-term uninterrupted electrical stimulation treatment, if the patient's extremity sensation does not disappear (for example, athletes recovering muscle strength, patients with muscle disuse atrophy), Long-term electrical stimulation with the receiving electrode pads will produce an itching or even tingling sensation at the contact location. For some patients with weak perseverance (or patients whose limb atrophy has not affected their lives and are easy to give up), this type of Feeling is also one of the reasons that seriously affects patients' adherence to follow-up treatment.
现有技术中的锻炼模式会使患者的肌肉在锻炼过程中始终存在乳酸堆积的问题，患者的锻炼依然存在疼痛感，且疲劳状态的肌肉在自主锻炼或被动锻炼时效果很差。在单次锻炼中肌肉的疲惫感很难在短时间恢复(或者说肌肉内堆积的大量乳酸很难在短时间被处理)，致使患者在日复一日的锻炼中呈现的效果很差。对于肌肉力量差的患者而言，电刺激-冷疗-自主锻炼-冷疗-电刺激可以使肌肉在始终处于非疲惫状态的兴奋期的情况下形成锻炼循环，且肌肉在锻炼时始终处于非疲惫状态的兴奋期。这样的锻炼方式既减少了长时间电刺激带来的痒麻的感觉，又达到非损伤性的锻炼目的。The exercise mode in the prior art will always cause lactic acid accumulation in the patient's muscles during the exercise process. The patient will still feel pain during exercise, and the muscles in a fatigued state will have poor results during independent exercise or passive exercise. Muscle fatigue in a single exercise is difficult to recover in a short period of time (or the large amount of lactic acid accumulated in the muscles is difficult to process in a short period of time), resulting in patients showing poor results in exercising day after day. For patients with poor muscle strength, electrical stimulation-cold therapy-voluntary exercise-cold therapy-electrical stimulation can form an exercise cycle in which the muscles are always in a non-exhausted state of excitement, and the muscles are always in a non-fatigued state during exercise. Exciting period of exhaustion. This kind of exercise not only reduces the itching and numbness caused by long-term electrical stimulation, but also achieves the purpose of non-injurious exercise.
有相关研究证明，长期使用神经肌肉电刺激局部，可能会使患者局部肌肉神经敏感度下降，并降低患者对肌肉的支配能力。Relevant studies have proven that long-term use of local neuromuscular electrical stimulation may reduce the sensitivity of local muscle nerves in patients and reduce the patient's ability to control muscles.
针对现有技术之不足，本发明提供一种运动康复系统。运动康复系统包含：能够为患者提供被动锻炼下的第一锻炼模式和主动锻炼下的第二锻炼模式的康复训练模块和远程服务器。所述康复训练模块包含能够采集肌电信号参数的信号采集单元，其中，当所述信号采集单元检测到的肌电信号反馈出的患者功能行使障碍的肌肉发生状态变化时，受所述远程服务器的控制，所述康复训练模块能够于第一锻炼模式和第二锻炼模式之间进行切换，使得患者功能行使障碍的肌肉能够在交叉进行肌肉功能强度锻炼和神经肌肉控制强度锻炼的过程中始终处于非疲劳状态。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a sports rehabilitation system. The sports rehabilitation system includes: a rehabilitation training module and a remote server that can provide patients with a first exercise mode under passive exercise and a second exercise mode under active exercise. The rehabilitation training module includes a signal acquisition unit capable of collecting electromyographic signal parameters, wherein when the patient's dysfunctional muscles change state due to the electromyographic signal detected by the signal acquisition unit, the remote server Controlled, the rehabilitation training module can switch between the first exercise mode and the second exercise mode, so that the patient's dysfunctional muscles can always be in the process of intersecting muscle function strength exercise and neuromuscular control strength exercise. non-fatigue state.
本技术方案的有益效果：Beneficial effects of this technical solution:
(1)本系统设置有使用电刺激肌肉的被动锻炼和主动锻炼两个模块，两个模块中肌肉的分配分别是由设备和患者个人掌控。在实际使用过程中，当电刺激法对患者产生不良好的感觉(主要是肌肉进入疲惫期，疲惫期的肌肉会大量产生乳酸而增加肌肉的瘙痒和刺痛的感觉)时，基于肌电信号参数的反馈，系统能够进行锻炼模式的切换。(1) This system is equipped with two modules: passive exercise and active exercise that use electrical stimulation of muscles. The distribution of muscles in the two modules is controlled by the equipment and the patient respectively. In actual use, when the electrical stimulation method produces a bad feeling for the patient (mainly when the muscles enter the fatigue period, the muscles in the fatigue period will produce a large amount of lactic acid and increase the itching and tingling sensation of the muscles), based on the electromyographic signal Based on parameter feedback, the system can switch exercise modes.
针对肌肉损伤的患者，由于其肌力处于正常水平，系统采用被动锻炼-冷疗-主动锻炼的方式进行治疗。For patients with muscle injuries, since their muscle strength is at a normal level, the system uses passive exercise-cold therapy-active exercise for treatment.
针对因长期卧床而导致肌肉萎缩的患者，系统采用被动锻炼-主动锻炼的方式进行治疗。For patients with muscle atrophy caused by long-term bed rest, the system adopts passive exercise-active exercise method for treatment.
第二锻炼单元是基于挤压肌肉和肌肉收缩的交替式锻炼方式设置的，这类运动的节奏和强度是由患者掌控的。一方面，受患者掌控的锻炼模式能够使患者基于体感而降低频次，既能够避免电流对皮肤表层的进一步刺激，又能够降低肌肉的疲惫感觉或使肌肉锻炼的强度在患者可控的程度；另一方面，电刺激肌肉和患者基于自身感觉的主动锻炼是不同的，尤其是针对神经支配肌肉的掌控力。电刺激法是失神经支配肌肉的锻炼方式，而患者自身主动锻炼属于神经控制肌肉的锻炼方法。通过两种方式的交替进行，既能够提高肌肉锻炼强度的上限，又能够强化患者大脑神经系统对患者锻炼部位肌肉的调控支配能力，促进了更多的肌肉运动单元参与或配合锻炼。The second exercise unit is based on alternating muscle squeezing and muscle contraction exercises, the rhythm and intensity of which are controlled by the patient. On the one hand, the exercise mode controlled by the patient allows the patient to reduce the frequency based on body sensation, which can not only avoid further stimulation of the skin surface by electric current, but also reduce the feeling of muscle fatigue or make the intensity of muscle exercise controllable by the patient; On the one hand, there is a difference between electrical muscle stimulation and active exercise based on the patient's own feelings, especially for the control of the innervated muscles. The electrical stimulation method is an exercise method for denervated muscles, while the patient's own active exercise is an exercise method for nerve-controlled muscles. By alternating the two methods, it can not only increase the upper limit of muscle exercise intensity, but also strengthen the ability of the patient's brain nervous system to regulate and control the muscles in the patient's exercise area, and promote more muscle motor units to participate in or cooperate with the exercise.
(2)肢端的主动锻炼方法一般是针对患者所需锻炼部分进行设置的。在该锻炼过程中，患者需要在自身大脑的调控下完成特定部分的肌肉收缩运动。然而，现有技术中，在医院完成电刺激治疗的患者的肢端会呈现麻木、痒痛等影响患者感知肌肉运动的感觉，而这类感觉是在持续数小时甚至一天的时间都不会消失的。在这类感觉的干扰下，患者可能会在主动锻炼时对错误的肌肉部位完成主动锻炼，例如，患者在进行小臂指深屈肌的主动锻炼时，错误地控制小臂旋后肌带动挠侧腕长伸肌收缩，由于小臂肌肉群在接收电刺激后产生的麻木感，患者在主动锻炼时无法精确区分两种肌肉收缩位置的区别，导致其在居家环境下长期保持错误的主动锻炼方式。(2) Active exercise methods for the extremities are generally designed to target the exercises required by the patient. During this exercise, patients need to complete specific parts of muscle contraction movements under the control of their own brains. However, in the existing technology, patients who have completed electrical stimulation treatment in the hospital will experience numbness, itching, and other sensations in their limbs that affect the patient's perception of muscle movement, and these sensations will not disappear for several hours or even a day. of. Under the interference of this kind of feeling, the patient may perform active exercises on the wrong muscle parts during active exercises. For example, when the patient performs active exercises on the flexor digitorum profundus of the forearm, the patient may incorrectly control the forearm supinator muscle to drive the flexor. The extensor carpi longus muscle contracts. Due to the numbness produced by the forearm muscle group after receiving electrical stimulation, the patient cannot accurately distinguish the difference between the contraction positions of the two muscles during active exercise, resulting in him maintaining the wrong active exercise for a long time in the home environment. Way.
本系统能够基于患者的肢端肌群提供个性化定制的锻炼模式。相较于现有技术中涉及的需要每一次前往医院检查后遵医嘱地更换锻炼方法，本系统能够远程与医护人员终端连接，基于患者的每一次锻炼的肌电信号参数变化而使医生能够及时更换锻炼方法，且该锻炼方法主要是修改器械的判断基准而不需要患者自行记忆，保证了患者每一次的锻炼都是在系统正确的引导和辅助下完成的。This system can provide personalized and customized exercise modes based on the patient's extremity muscle groups. Compared with the existing technology that requires changing exercise methods according to the doctor's instructions after each visit to the hospital for examination, this system can remotely connect to the medical staff's terminal and enable doctors to timely adjust the parameters of the electromyographic signal based on the patient's changes in each exercise. The exercise method is changed, and the exercise method mainly modifies the judgment standard of the equipment without requiring the patient to memorize it by himself, ensuring that each exercise of the patient is completed under the correct guidance and assistance of the system.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述远程服务器能够接收所述信号采集单元检测到的患者功能行使障碍的肌肉的肌电信号参数并基于所述肌电信号参数判断患者功能行使障碍的肌肉的状态，其中，所述远程服务器基于获得的所述肌电信号参数的时域和频域在所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉进入疲劳状态时将康复训练模块切换至冷疗模块，使得处于非疲劳状态的所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉的状态由兴奋期转至松弛期。According to a preferred embodiment, the remote server can receive the electromyographic signal parameters of the patient's dysfunctional muscles detected by the signal acquisition unit and determine the status of the patient's dysfunctional muscles based on the electromyographic signal parameters, Wherein, the remote server switches the rehabilitation training module to the cold therapy module when the patient's dysfunctional muscles enter a fatigue state based on the obtained time domain and frequency domain of the electromyographic signal parameters, so that the patient is in a non-fatigue state. The state of the patient's dysfunctional muscles changes from the excited phase to the relaxed phase.
用于表征患者肢端肌肉的状态的数据至少包含：肌电信号参数频域。优选地，用于表征肌肉状态的肌电信号参数频域能够为积分肌电值(IEMG)、平均功率频率(MPF)或中位频率(MF)中的一种或多种。The data used to characterize the state of the patient's limb muscles at least include: the frequency domain of electromyographic signal parameters. Preferably, the frequency domain of the electromyographic signal parameter used to characterize the muscle state can be one or more of integrated electromyographic value (IEMG), mean power frequency (MPF) or median frequency (MF).
IEMG(μV)是指所测得表面肌电信号经整流平滑后单位时间内曲线所包围的面积总和，表示在一定时间内肌肉参与活动时运动单位的放电总量，反映一段时间内肌肉的肌电活动强弱。IEMG的值的高低反应运动时参与肌肉收缩时每个运动单位的放电大小和肌纤维数目的多少。通常IEMG幅值越大，疲劳程度越重。IEMG是评价肌肉疲劳的重要指标。IEMG (μV) refers to the sum of the area enclosed by the curve per unit time after the measured surface electromyographic signal has been rectified and smoothed. It represents the total discharge of the motor unit when the muscle participates in activities within a certain period of time, and reflects the muscle activity of the muscle within a certain period of time. The intensity of electrical activity. The value of IEMG reflects the discharge size of each motor unit and the number of muscle fibers involved in muscle contraction during exercise. Generally, the greater the IEMG amplitude, the greater the degree of fatigue. IEMG is an important indicator for evaluating muscle fatigue.
Median Frequency(Hz)中位频率(MF)：指放电频率的中间值，即肌肉收缩过程中放电频率的中间值，一般也是随着运动时间段增大而呈递减的趋势。由于骨骼肌中快慢肌纤维组成比例不同，导致不同部位骨骼肌之间的MF值不同。快肌纤维兴奋表现在高频放电，慢肌纤维则在低频。Median Frequency (Hz) Median frequency (MF): refers to the median value of the discharge frequency, that is, the median value of the discharge frequency during muscle contraction. It generally shows a decreasing trend as the exercise time period increases. Due to the different proportions of fast and slow muscle fibers in skeletal muscles, the MF values of skeletal muscles in different parts are different. Fast-twitch muscle fibers are excited by high-frequency discharges, while slow-twitch muscle fibers are excited by low-frequency discharges.
Mean Power Frequency(Hz)平均功率频率(MPF)：指该段时间内频率的平均值。在肌肉疲劳状态下，表面肌电频域指标MPF呈递减变化。Mean Power Frequency (Hz) Mean Power Frequency (MPF): refers to the average frequency within this period of time. In the state of muscle fatigue, the surface electromyography frequency domain index MPF shows a decreasing change.
肌肉在进入疲劳状态时，其肌电信号的积分肌电值(IEMG)增大、平均功率频率(MPF)、中位频率(MF)减小。When a muscle enters a fatigue state, the integrated myoelectric value (IEMG) of its electromyographic signal increases, and the mean power frequency (MPF) and median frequency (MF) decrease.
例如，当肢端肌肉由疲劳状态转非疲劳状态时，所述肌电信号参数的频域特征为：MPF显著增加而IEMG呈递减变化。在本申请中，显著降低是指幅度变化速率呈现负值，显著增加是指幅度变化速率呈现正值。当MPF的变化速率并未发生改变，仅处于持续或间断性的降低或升高时，表明肢端肌肉仍处于当前的状态而并未发生状态的跳转。For example, when the limb muscles change from a fatigued state to a non-fatigued state, the frequency domain characteristics of the electromyographic signal parameters are: MPF increases significantly and IEMG decreases. In this application, a significant decrease means that the amplitude change rate presents a negative value, and a significant increase means that the amplitude change rate presents a positive value. When the change rate of MPF does not change, but only decreases or increases continuously or intermittently, it indicates that the limb muscles are still in the current state and no state jump has occurred.
本技术方案的有益效果：Beneficial effects of this technical solution:
交叉锻炼的过程中，对不同状态的肌肉设置不同的锻炼模式是提升肌肉锻炼的有效手段。本技术方案能够基于肌电信号参数直观的体现肌肉状态，并基于肌肉的疲惫状态和非疲劳状态为患者提供冷疗模块，使得肌肉在进入疲惫状态时能够由兴奋期转为松弛期，避免肌肉充血对肌肉带来的损伤。In the process of cross-exercise, setting different exercise modes for muscles in different states is an effective means to improve muscle exercise. This technical solution can intuitively reflect muscle status based on electromyographic signal parameters, and provides patients with a cold therapy module based on the fatigue and non-fatigue status of muscles, so that when the muscles enter the fatigue state, they can change from the excitement phase to the relaxation phase, avoiding muscle fatigue. Damage to muscles caused by congestion.
本技术方案还基于肌肉的疲惫状态和非疲劳状态将锻炼模式分开，从而提高每一个时期的肌肉的锻炼效率。This technical solution also separates exercise modes based on the fatigue state and non-fatigue state of the muscles, thereby improving the muscle exercise efficiency in each period.
冷疗是一种利用低于体温的介质接触人体，使之降温以缓解肌肉损伤的方法。在现有技术中，相关研究证明，冷疗能够减缓肌肉疼痛、缓解肌肉痉挛并促进肌肉内血管收缩，有利于改善肌肉的血液循环流速。Cold therapy is a method that uses a medium below body temperature to contact the human body to cool it down to relieve muscle damage. In the existing technology, relevant studies have proven that cold therapy can relieve muscle pain, relieve muscle spasm and promote vasoconstriction in the muscle, which is beneficial to improving the blood circulation flow rate of the muscle.
本技术方案采用被动锻炼-冷疗-主动锻炼的锻炼方法。在被动锻炼过程中，冷疗能够缓解电刺激为患者带来的痒痛感，并在电刺激肌肉而使得肌肉疲惫时及时缓解肌肉的疲惫状态。This technical solution adopts the exercise method of passive exercise-cold therapy-active exercise. During passive exercise, cold therapy can relieve the itching and pain caused by electrical stimulation to patients, and can promptly relieve muscle fatigue when electrical stimulation causes muscle fatigue.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述远程服务器被配置为：控制所述康复训练模块优先进入第一锻炼模式，使所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉进入用于锻炼肌肉功能强度的被动锻炼的状态中。According to a preferred embodiment, the remote server is configured to: control the rehabilitation training module to enter the first exercise mode preferentially, so that the patient's dysfunctional muscles enter a state of passive exercise for exercising muscle functional strength. .
本技术方案的有益效果：Beneficial effects of this technical solution:
在实际的运动康复阶段，主动锻炼的目的是让患者能够适应被动锻炼时肌肉或肌肉功能产生的增量，即通过被动锻炼而增长的肌肉量需要通过主动锻炼来使患者熟练支配该部分肌肉。In the actual sports rehabilitation stage, the purpose of active exercise is to enable the patient to adapt to the increment in muscle or muscle function produced by passive exercise, that is, the muscle mass increased through passive exercise requires active exercise to enable the patient to skillfully control this part of the muscle.
因此，以肌肉功能康复为目的的锻炼方式应该以被动锻炼优先，在被动锻炼对肌肉产生副作用时再根据实际情况选择切换冷疗或主动锻炼所对应的模块。Therefore, exercise methods aimed at muscle function recovery should give priority to passive exercise. When passive exercise has side effects on muscles, the module corresponding to cold therapy or active exercise should be selected according to the actual situation.
本技术方案通过优先进行被动锻炼的方式增加患者肌肉功能锻炼的舒适性，并使本系统适配各类患者(例如，肌肉损伤的正常人或肌肉萎缩的患者)。This technical solution increases the comfort of patients' muscle functional exercise by giving priority to passive exercise, and makes the system adaptable to various types of patients (for example, normal people with muscle damage or patients with muscle atrophy).
根据一种优选实施方式，所述远程服务器被配置为：在接受所述冷疗模块冷疗的所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉的肌电信号参数表征所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉的肌松低于二级时，控制所述冷疗模块停止工作，并开启处于休眠状态的所述康复训练模块，其中，所述康复训练模块在开启后进入的锻炼模式与其进入休眠状态前的锻炼模式不同，如图2所示。According to a preferred embodiment, the remote server is configured to: when the patient receives cold treatment from the cold therapy module, the electromyographic signal parameters of the dysfunctional muscles of the patient represent the muscle relaxation of the dysfunctional muscles of the patient. When it is lower than level 2, the cold therapy module is controlled to stop working and the rehabilitation training module in the dormant state is turned on. The exercise mode entered by the rehabilitation training module after being turned on is different from the exercise mode before it enters the dormant state. ,as shown in picture 2.
本技术方案的有益效果：Beneficial effects of this technical solution:
在患者的肌肉松弛程度低于二级时，表明再次锻炼时该肌肉的收缩不会对肌肉本身产生损伤等影响。When the patient's muscle relaxation is lower than level 2, it means that the contraction of the muscle will not cause damage to the muscle itself when exercising again.
本申请对于肌肉松弛的判断能够基于现有技术中涉及的肌松监测技术进行判断。例如强直刺激后单刺激计数(PTC)，通过观察强直刺激后给予16次单刺激引起的反应次数。基于临床对PTC在0～10的肌肉表现，认为PTC处于7～9时，肌肉处于松弛状态。在PCT小于5时，表明肌肉肌力松弛过度(或有可能为外力药物作用而导致的松弛)。在本申请中，将肌松分为三个等级，一级为PTC为10，表明肌肉处于弹性或紧绷的状态。二级为PTC处于7～9的范围，表明肌肉处于放松的松弛状态。三级为PTC处于小于7的范围，表明肌肉处于过度的松弛状态(肌肉萎缩或受药物作用而放松)。The determination of muscle relaxation in this application can be based on the muscle relaxation monitoring technology involved in the prior art. For example, post-tetanic stimulation counting (PTC) is based on observing the number of responses caused by 16 single stimulations after tetanic stimulation. Based on clinical muscle performance of PTC between 0 and 10, it is believed that when PTC is between 7 and 9, the muscles are in a relaxed state. When PCT is less than 5, it indicates excessive muscle relaxation (or relaxation that may be caused by external drugs). In this application, muscle relaxation is divided into three levels. Level one is a PTC of 10, indicating that the muscle is elastic or tight. Level two means PTC is in the range of 7 to 9, indicating that the muscles are in a relaxed state. Level 3 means that the PTC is in the range of less than 7, indicating that the muscle is in an excessive state of relaxation (muscle atrophy or relaxation due to drug effects).
根据一种优选实施方式，所述康复训练模块包含应用于第一锻炼模式的第一锻炼单元和应用于第二锻炼模式的第二锻炼单元，其中，所述第一锻炼单元在所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉上的能够为所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉提供肌肉电刺激能量，使得所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉能够通过处于第一锻炼模式的所述康复训练模块被动锻炼肌肉功能强度。According to a preferred embodiment, the rehabilitation training module includes a first exercise unit applied to the first exercise mode and a second exercise unit applied to the second exercise mode, wherein the first exercise unit is used when the patient functions The muscles on the dysfunctional muscles can provide muscle electrical stimulation energy to the patient's dysfunctional muscles, so that the patient's dysfunctional muscles can passively exercise muscle functional strength through the rehabilitation training module in the first exercise mode.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述第二锻炼单元通过挤压所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉而锻炼患者肢端肌肉，所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉为患者肢端的功能行使障碍的肌肉。所述第二锻炼单元包含能够包裹所述患者肢端以为所述患者功能行使障碍的肌肉提供挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的气囊组件。According to a preferred embodiment, the second exercise unit exercises the patient's limb muscles by squeezing the patient's dysfunctional muscles, which are the dysfunctional muscles of the patient's limbs. The second exercise unit includes a balloon assembly capable of wrapping an extremity of the patient to provide compression and resistance exercises for the patient's dysfunctional muscles.
所述第二锻炼单元还包含与所述气囊组件连通的在接收所述远程服务器发送的指令时能够为所述气囊组件提供气体的气流控制组件和设置在所述气囊组件内表面以感受所述气囊组件和所述患者肢端之间的压力的压力信号采集组件。The second exercise unit also includes an airflow control component connected to the airbag component and capable of providing gas to the airbag component when receiving instructions sent by the remote server, and an airflow control component disposed on the inner surface of the airbag component to feel the A pressure signal acquisition component of the pressure between the air bag component and the patient's extremity.
根据一种优选实施方式，当所述第二锻炼单元被唤醒时，所述远程服务器被配置为：According to a preferred embodiment, when the second exercise unit is awakened, the remote server is configured to:
基于所述患者肢端肌电信号参数生成包含挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼交替进行的第二锻炼模式，其中，当所述第一锻炼单元停止工作且所述信号采集单元检测到表征患者的肢端肌肉开始运动的肌电信号参数时，所述远程服务器生成用于调节所述气囊组件在挤压式锻炼时生成的压力和抗阻式锻炼中生成的阻力。A second exercise mode including alternating squeeze exercise and resistance exercise is generated based on the electromyographic signal parameters of the patient's limbs, wherein when the first exercise unit stops working and the signal acquisition unit detects a signal indicating that the patient When the electromyographic signal parameters of the extremity muscles start to move, the remote server generates a pressure for adjusting the pressure generated by the air bag assembly during squeeze exercise and the resistance generated during resistance exercise.
本技术方案的有益效果：Beneficial effects of this technical solution:
挤压式锻炼是一种利用弹力带或其他弹性器材来对肌肉施加压力的训练方法，可以增加肌肉的张力和耐力。抗阻式锻炼是对肌肉施加阻力的训练方法，可以增加肌肉的力量和体积。本申请通过肌肉的收缩两个动态变化而分别对肌肉施加外源的干扰，以增加主动锻炼的锻炼效率。Squeeze exercise is a training method that uses elastic bands or other elastic equipment to apply pressure on muscles to increase muscle tone and endurance. Resistance exercises are training methods that apply resistance to muscles and can increase muscle strength and size. This application applies exogenous interference to the muscles through two dynamic changes of muscle contraction to increase the exercise efficiency of active exercise.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述压力是由所述气囊组件在被充气时的第一状态下提供，所述阻力是由所述气囊组件在被放气时的第二状态下提供，如图1所示。优选地，当所述远程服务器接收到用于更新压力值或阻力值的肢端肌肉的肌电信号参数时，所述气囊组件能够基于远程服务器发送的调控指令生成向其气囊中填充的气体量。According to a preferred embodiment, the pressure is provided by the airbag assembly in a first state when it is inflated, and the resistance is provided by the airbag assembly in a second state when it is deflated, as shown in Figure 1 shown. Preferably, when the remote server receives the electromyographic signal parameters of the extremity muscles used to update the pressure value or resistance value, the airbag assembly can generate the amount of gas to be filled in its airbag based on the control instructions sent by the remote server. .
根据一种优选实施方式，所述挤压式锻炼是指：处于第一状态的所述气囊组件能够基于其膨胀的体积对患者肢端肌肉进行挤压，从而达到刺激肌肉生长和发展的目的，其中，挤压式锻炼的压力值是所述远程服务器基于上一次进行挤压式锻炼时由所述信号采集单元提供的患者肢端肌肉的肌电信号参数生成的。优选地，当第一次进行挤压式锻炼时，第二锻炼单元以遵医嘱的方式为患者提供对应预设的压力和阻力。According to a preferred embodiment, the squeeze exercise means that the air bag assembly in the first state can squeeze the patient's limb muscles based on its expanded volume, thereby achieving the purpose of stimulating muscle growth and development. The pressure value of the squeeze exercise is generated by the remote server based on the electromyographic signal parameters of the patient's limb muscles provided by the signal acquisition unit when the squeeze exercise was last performed. Preferably, when performing squeeze exercise for the first time, the second exercise unit provides the patient with corresponding preset pressure and resistance in a manner as prescribed by the doctor.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述抗阻式锻炼是指：在唤醒单元提示患者进行自主意识下的肢端肌肉锻炼时，处于第二状态的气囊组件对处于收缩状态的患者肢端肌肉所需空间产生限制，以抵抗所述患者肢端肌肉的张力，其中，抗阻式锻炼的阻力值是所述远程服务器基于上一次进行抗阻式锻炼时由所述压力信号采集组件提供的压力值生成的。According to a preferred embodiment, the resistance exercise refers to: when the awakening unit prompts the patient to perform acromuscular exercise under voluntary consciousness, the airbag assembly in the second state exerts the necessary force on the patient's acral muscles in the contracted state. The space is limited to resist the tension of the patient's limb muscles, wherein the resistance value of the resistance exercise is generated by the remote server based on the pressure value provided by the pressure signal acquisition component when the resistance exercise was last performed. of.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述远程服务器接收与在所述康复训练模块的刺激下患者肢端肌肉的肌群变化相关的肌电信号参数，所述远程服务器生成对应的锻炼模式，其中，基于所述患者肢端肌肉的快肌的肌电信号参数，第二锻炼模式至少包含被动挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的强度及频次具有差别的锻炼模式A、锻炼模式B和锻炼模式C。According to a preferred embodiment, the remote server receives electromyographic signal parameters related to changes in muscle groups of the patient's extremity muscles under the stimulation of the rehabilitation training module, and the remote server generates a corresponding exercise mode, wherein based on The second exercise mode includes at least exercise mode A, exercise mode B and exercise mode C with different intensity and frequency of passive squeeze exercise and resistance exercise based on the electromyographic signal parameters of the fast muscle of the patient's limb muscles.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述第一锻炼单元包含多个电极，其中，多个电极设置于所述气囊组件内表面，所述电极包括第一微电极和第二微电极，第一微电极与第二微电极之间的电压为电极的放电电压。According to a preferred embodiment, the first exercise unit includes a plurality of electrodes, wherein the plurality of electrodes are disposed on the inner surface of the airbag assembly, and the electrodes include a first microelectrode and a second microelectrode. The first microelectrode The voltage between the second microelectrode and the second microelectrode is the discharge voltage of the electrode.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明提供的气囊结构的示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the airbag structure provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的模块关系的示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the module relationship provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的电极设置结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrode arrangement structure provided by the present invention.
附图标记列表List of reference signs
100：远程服务器；200：康复训练模块；300：信号采集单元；210：第一锻炼单元；220：第二锻炼单元；400：唤醒单元；500：气囊组件；600：压力信号采集组件；700：冷疗模块；800：电极；810：第一微电极；820：第二微电极。100: Remote server; 200: Rehabilitation training module; 300: Signal acquisition unit; 210: First exercise unit; 220: Second exercise unit; 400: Wake-up unit; 500: Air bag component; 600: Pressure signal acquisition component; 700: Cold therapy module; 800: electrode; 810: first microelectrode; 820: second microelectrode.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图进行详细说明。A detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”“下”“内”“外”“前”“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”“设置有”“连接”等，应做广义理解，例如“连接”，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体式连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。“若干”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以视具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, or a fixed connection. It can be a detachable connection or an integrated connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. "Several" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood depending on the specific circumstances.
被动锻炼是指是指借助于他人的操作，使患者被动接受运动，从而达到肌肉功能增强的目的。Passive exercise refers to making patients passively accept exercise with the help of other people's operations, so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing muscle function.
主动锻炼是指患者依靠自身神经控制而完成各种形式的运动，以达到提高肌肉张力以及患者神经支配肌肉强度的目的。Active exercise means that patients rely on their own nerve control to complete various forms of exercise to achieve the purpose of improving muscle tone and the strength of the patient's nerve-controlled muscles.
功能行使障碍的肌肉是指肌肉由于种种原因丧失了部分或全部正常的功能。例如，骨折患者在长期卧床状态下肢端肌肉萎缩，使得其肢端肌肉无法支撑身体行走。Muscle dysfunction refers to muscles that have lost part or all of their normal functions due to various reasons. For example, patients with fractures experience muscle atrophy in their extremities when bedridden for a long time, making their extremity muscles unable to support walking.
肌肉功能强度锻炼是指用于锻炼肌肉功能的锻炼方法，如锻炼肌肉强度、耐力的方法等。Muscle functional strength exercise refers to exercise methods used to exercise muscle function, such as methods to exercise muscle strength and endurance, etc.
神经肌肉控制强度锻炼是指锻炼人自身对肌肉的控制能力，尤其是针对长期卧床的患者，虽然在卧床期间患者肢端肌肉受外力摁压而保持完好，但其神经支配肌肉的能力减弱，导致患者的肌肉在使用时无法受控制的行使功能。Neuromuscular control strength exercise refers to exercising a person's own ability to control muscles, especially for patients who are bedridden for a long time. Although the patient's extremity muscles are kept intact by external forces during bed rest, their ability to innervate the muscles is weakened, resulting in The patient's muscles function uncontrollably when used.
疲劳状态是指肌肉在被动锻炼或主动锻炼时因乳酸堆积等原因出现肌无力、肌肉痉挛或神经信号反馈减缓等症状，处于该状态的肌肉在持续的锻炼过程中不仅不能够提高肌肉功能，还容易产生肌肉损伤的问题。Fatigue state refers to symptoms such as muscle weakness, muscle spasm, or slowed nerve signal feedback due to lactic acid accumulation during passive exercise or active exercise. Muscles in this state are not only unable to improve muscle function during continuous exercise, but also suffer from fatigue. prone to muscle damage.
肌电信号参数的频域是指用于表征肌肉状态的一种指标。现有技术中，肌电信号参数的频域的降低或增高能够用于表征肌肉是否进入疲劳状态。The frequency domain of electromyographic signal parameters refers to an indicator used to characterize muscle status. In the prior art, the decrease or increase in the frequency domain of myoelectric signal parameters can be used to characterize whether the muscle has entered a fatigue state.
兴奋期是指肌肉处于充血状态。一般来讲，处于兴奋期的肌肉由于血流循环快，能够帮助肌肉内的纤维破裂重组，因此处于兴奋期的肌肉适合进行锻炼。The excitement period means that the muscles are in a state of congestion. Generally speaking, muscles in the excited phase are suitable for exercise because of their fast blood circulation, which can help the fibers in the muscles to break down and reorganize.
松弛期是指肌肉处于松解的放松状态。处于松弛期的肌肉血流速度降低，但肌肉组织间的有害物质堆积的消化速度更快，处于松弛期的肌肉能够缓解肌肉疲乏、增加肌肉弹性。The relaxation phase is when the muscles are in a relaxed state. The blood flow rate of muscles in the relaxation period is reduced, but the accumulation of harmful substances between muscle tissues is digested faster. Muscles in the relaxation period can relieve muscle fatigue and increase muscle elasticity.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例提供本申请涉及的运动康复系统在对患者肢端锻炼中的应用。This embodiment provides the application of the motion rehabilitation system involved in this application in exercising patients' limbs.
基于患者的肢端肌肉状态，医护人员在本系统中预设当次患者在电刺激疗法下的电刺激电流量和总时长的设置。第一锻炼单元210为患者提供电刺激治疗。Based on the patient's limb muscle status, the medical staff presets the electrical stimulation current amount and total duration of the patient's electrical stimulation therapy in this system. The first exercise unit 210 provides electrical stimulation therapy to the patient.
基于患者的状态，医护人员通过患者的状态预设锻炼的流程。以运动拉伤而卧床一个星期的运动员出身的患者为例，医护人员采用被动锻炼-冷疗-主动锻炼的运动康复治疗方法。Based on the patient's status, the medical staff presets the exercise process through the patient's status. Taking an athlete patient who suffered a sports strain and was bedridden for a week as an example, medical staff used a sports rehabilitation treatment method of passive exercise-cold therapy-active exercise.
第一锻炼单元210开启工作，基于预设的程序为患者的小腿肌肉提供电刺激治疗。The first exercise unit 210 starts working and provides electrical stimulation treatment to the patient's calf muscles based on a preset program.
当所述信号采集单元300提供的与患者小腿肌肉相关的肌电信号参数表征所述患者小腿肌肉进入疲劳状态时，所述远程服务器100控制所述第一锻炼单元210关闭，并开启冷疗模块700。When the electromyographic signal parameters related to the patient's calf muscles provided by the signal acquisition unit 300 indicate that the patient's calf muscles enter a fatigue state, the remote server 100 controls the first exercise unit 210 to close and turn on the cold therapy module. 700.
优选地，冷疗模块700为液氮冷冻设备，其工作原理与现有技术中涉及的液氮冷冻舱的工作原理相同。Preferably, the cold therapy module 700 is a liquid nitrogen freezing device, and its working principle is the same as that of the liquid nitrogen freezing chamber involved in the prior art.
当小腿肌肉进入松弛期而疲惫状态相关的肌电信号参数发生变化后，所述远程服务器100关闭冷疗模块700，开启第二锻炼单元220。When the calf muscles enter the relaxation period and the electromyographic signal parameters related to the fatigue state change, the remote server 100 turns off the cold therapy module 700 and turns on the second exercise unit 220 .
所述第二锻炼单元220包含唤醒单元400，当所述第二锻炼单元220开启时，所述唤醒单元400提示患者配合所述第二锻炼单元220进行自主意识下的肢端肌肉锻炼。优选地，唤醒单元400包含语音提示组件和/或显示组件。显示组件开始展示肢端肌群发力的原理示意图。唤醒组件以语音的形式提示患者更换锻炼状态，需要配合设备进行自主锻炼。The second exercise unit 220 includes an awakening unit 400. When the second exercise unit 220 is turned on, the awakening unit 400 prompts the patient to cooperate with the second exercise unit 220 to perform limb muscle exercise under voluntary awareness. Preferably, the wake-up unit 400 includes a voice prompt component and/or a display component. The display component begins to display the schematic diagram of the principle of force generation by the limb muscles. The wake-up component prompts the patient to change exercise status in the form of voice and needs to cooperate with the equipment to perform independent exercise.
当小腿肌肉进入疲劳状态时，所述肌电信号参数的频域特征为：MPF和MF显著增加而IEMG呈递减变化。当小腿肌肉由疲劳状态转非疲劳状态时，所述肌电信号参数的频域特征为：MPF和MF显著降低而IEMG呈递增变化。When the calf muscles enter a fatigue state, the frequency domain characteristics of the electromyographic signal parameters are: MPF and MF increase significantly while IEMG decreases. When the calf muscle changes from a fatigued state to a non-fatigued state, the frequency domain characteristics of the electromyographic signal parameters are: MPF and MF decrease significantly while IEMG changes incrementally.
IEMG的计算公式如下：The calculation formula of IEMG is as follows:
其中，t1为采集肌电信号开始时刻，t2为采集肌电信号结束时刻，|A(t)|为肌电信号大小。Among them, t1 is the start time of collecting myoelectric signals, t2 is the end time of collecting myoelectric signals, and |A(t)| is the size of myoelectric signals.
MPF的计算公式如下：The calculation formula of MPF is as follows:
其中，PSD(f)为功率谱密度，MF为中位频率，f为肌电信号频率，f0为频率上限。Among them, PSD(f) is the power spectral density, MF is the median frequency, f is the frequency of the electromyographic signal, and f0 is the upper limit of the frequency.
MF的计算公式如下：The calculation formula of MF is as follows:
其中，PSD(f)为功率谱密度，MF为中位频率，f为肌电信号频率，f0为频率上限。Among them, PSD(f) is the power spectral density, MF is the median frequency, f is the frequency of the electromyographic signal, and f0 is the upper limit of the frequency.
优选地，当第一次进行挤压式锻炼时，第二锻炼单元220以遵医嘱的方式为患者提供对应预设的压力和阻力。例如，当患者的肢端肌力为四级时，气囊的气压能够为25kpa～28kpa，以为患者提供初始压力。同时，当患者收缩肌肉时，为了增加肌肉在膨胀过程中的阻力，气囊的气压能够为20kpa～23kpa。需要说明的是，肌肉在收缩过程中，由于大量的血液涌向目标肌肉，肌肉的体积会在短时间内增大，这个过程被称为泵血。Preferably, when performing squeeze exercise for the first time, the second exercise unit 220 provides the patient with corresponding preset pressure and resistance in a manner as prescribed by the doctor. For example, when the patient's limb muscle strength is level four, the air bag pressure can be 25kpa ~ 28kpa to provide the patient with initial pressure. At the same time, when the patient contracts the muscles, in order to increase the resistance of the muscles during the expansion process, the air pressure of the air bag can be 20kpa ~ 23kpa. It should be noted that during muscle contraction, due to the large amount of blood flowing into the target muscle, the volume of the muscle will increase in a short period of time. This process is called blood pumping.
根据一种优选实施方式，所述远程服务器100接收与在所述康复训练模块200的刺激下患者小腿肌肉的肌群变化相关的肌电信号参数，所述远程服务器100生成对应的锻炼模式，其中，基于所述患者肢端肌肉的快肌的肌电信号参数，第二锻炼模式至少包含挤压式锻炼强度和抗阻式锻炼的强度及频次具有差别的锻炼模式A、锻炼模式B和锻炼模式C。According to a preferred embodiment, the remote server 100 receives electromyographic signal parameters related to muscle group changes of the patient's calf muscles under the stimulation of the rehabilitation training module 200, and the remote server 100 generates a corresponding exercise mode, wherein , based on the electromyographic signal parameters of the fast muscles of the patient's limb muscles, the second exercise mode at least includes exercise mode A, exercise mode B and exercise mode with different intensity and frequency of squeeze exercise and resistance exercise. C.
优选地，基于肌力测定，将使用者的肢端肌群的肌力分为零～五级。当使用者的肢端肌群收缩持续0s时，其肌力为零级；持续1s时，肌力为一级；以此类推，持续5s时，肌力为五级。随着患者锻炼的次数增加，肌肉耐力下降，因此，本申请中的肌力评判是动态变化的。Preferably, based on muscle strength measurement, the muscle strength of the user's extremity muscles is divided into levels from zero to five. When the contraction of the user's extremity muscles lasts for 0 seconds, the muscle strength is level zero; when it lasts for 1 second, the muscle strength is level one; and so on, when it lasts for 5 seconds, the muscle strength is level five. As the number of times a patient exercises increases, muscle endurance decreases. Therefore, the muscle strength evaluation in this application changes dynamically.
优选地，在每一次的锻炼过程中，远程服务器100都能够基于患者的肢端肌群或某一个肢端肌肉组织的收缩保持时间而重新评估当前肢端肌肉的肌力，肌力评判标准参考现有技术中对肌力的评价，该评价用于下一次的阻力的生成。例如，当初始的第一压力值被五级肌力患者使用时，肌力为四级的患者的第一压力值为4/5的初始的第一压力值。当患者肌力为三级时，第一压力值为3/5的初始的第一压力值。当患者肌力为二级时，第一压力值为2/5的初始的第一压力值。当患者肌力为一级时，第一压力值为1/5的初始的第一压力值。Preferably, during each exercise, the remote server 100 can re-evaluate the muscle strength of the current limb muscles based on the patient's limb muscle groups or the contraction retention time of a certain limb muscle tissue. The muscle strength evaluation standard refers to The evaluation of muscle strength in the prior art is used to generate resistance for the next time. For example, when the initial first pressure value is used by a patient with level 5 muscle strength, the first pressure value for a patient with level 4 muscle strength is 4/5 of the initial first pressure value. When the patient's muscle strength is level three, the first pressure value is 3/5 of the initial first pressure value. When the patient's muscle strength is level two, the first pressure value is 2/5 of the initial first pressure value. When the patient's muscle strength is level one, the first pressure value is 1/5 of the initial first pressure value.
例如，当使用者的肌肉收缩保持5s以上时，远程服务器100接收到压力信号采集组件600传输的阻力参数而生成第一阻力值。基于使用者肢端肌群的状态分类，远程服务器100生成气囊组件500与肢端形成的第一压力值。气囊组件500膨胀，直至其表面与肢端皮肤之间的压力值达到第一压力值。优选地，阻力是压力的3/5。For example, when the user's muscle contraction remains for more than 5 seconds, the remote server 100 receives the resistance parameter transmitted by the pressure signal acquisition component 600 and generates the first resistance value. Based on the status classification of the user's limb muscle groups, the remote server 100 generates a first pressure value formed between the airbag assembly 500 and the limb. The airbag assembly 500 is inflated until the pressure value between its surface and the extremity skin reaches a first pressure value. Preferably, the resistance is 3/5 of the pressure.
根据一种优选实施方式，用于评判后续的锻炼模式的肌电信号参数能够参考电刺激锻炼时肌肉的状态。优选地，所述信号采集单元300检测在所述康复训练模块200的刺激下发生肌肉收缩的快肌相关的肌电信号参数，当所述肌电信号参数低于x1时，所述远程服务器100生成锻炼模式A，并在第二锻炼单元220开启工作时向第二锻炼单元220发送指令。当所述肌电信号参数处于x1～x2范围内时，所述远程服务器100生成锻炼模式B，并在第二锻炼单元220开启工作时向第二锻炼单元220发送指令。当所述肌电信号参数高于x2时，所述远程服务器100生成锻炼模式C，并在第二锻炼单元220开启工作时向第二锻炼单元220发送指令。优选地，x1为40μV。x2为55μV。According to a preferred embodiment, the electromyographic signal parameters used to evaluate the subsequent exercise mode can refer to the state of the muscle during electrical stimulation exercise. Preferably, the signal acquisition unit 300 detects the electromyographic signal parameters related to fast muscle contraction that occurs under the stimulation of the rehabilitation training module 200. When the electromyographic signal parameters are lower than x1 , the remote server 100 generates exercise mode A, and sends instructions to the second exercise unit 220 when the second exercise unit 220 starts working. When the electromyographic signal parameter is in the range of x1 to x2 , the remote server 100 generates exercise mode B, and sends instructions to the second exercise unit 220 when the second exercise unit 220 starts working. When the electromyographic signal parameter is higher than x2 , the remote server 100 generates an exercise mode C, and sends an instruction to the second exercise unit 220 when the second exercise unit 220 starts working. Preferably, x1 is 40 μV.x2 is 55μV.
第二锻炼模式实际包含：交替进行的挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼，其中，挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的速度能够用于锻炼患者的快肌，而挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的强度能够用于锻炼患者的慢肌。具体地，气囊组件500充气的速度(或者单位时间内达到第一压力值)和放气的速度(或者说单位时间内达到患者提供的第一阻力值)能够快速提示患者肌肉收缩的速度，并增加肌肉泵血的速度，从而达到锻炼快肌的目的。气囊组件500充气的压力值和放气后对患者肌肉形成的阻力值能够为患者肌肉强度锻炼带来辅助效果，从而达到锻炼慢肌的目的。例如，气囊组件500能够在1s内达到28kpa的气压，并在1s内减低气压至20kpa。The second exercise mode actually includes: alternating squeeze exercise and resistance exercise, where the speed of squeeze exercise and resistance exercise can be used to exercise the patient's fast muscles, while the squeeze exercise and resistance exercise are The intensity of the exercise can be used to exercise the patient's slow twitch muscles. Specifically, the speed at which the air bag assembly 500 is inflated (or reaches the first pressure value per unit time) and deflated (or reaches the first resistance value provided by the patient per unit time) can quickly prompt the patient's muscle contraction speed, and Increase the speed of muscle pumping to achieve the purpose of training fast-twitch muscles. The inflated pressure value of the airbag assembly 500 and the resistance value formed on the patient's muscles after deflation can bring an auxiliary effect to the patient's muscle strength exercise, thereby achieving the purpose of exercising slow-twitch muscles. For example, the airbag assembly 500 can reach an air pressure of 28kpa within 1 s and reduce the air pressure to 20kpa within 1 s.
锻炼模式A为：交替进行的挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的次数为a1，第一压力值为b1，第一阻力值为c1。Exercise mode A is: the number of alternating squeeze exercises and resistance exercises is a1 , the first pressure value is b1 , and the first resistance value is c1 .
锻炼模式B为：交替进行的挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的次数为a2，第一压力值为b2，第一阻力值为c2。Exercise mode B is: the number of alternating squeeze exercises and resistance exercises is a2 , the first pressure value is b2 , and the first resistance value is c2 .
锻炼模式C为：交替进行的挤压式锻炼和抗阻式锻炼的次数为a3，第一压力值为b3，第一阻力值为c3。Exercise mode C is: the number of alternating squeeze exercises and resistance exercises is a3 , the first pressure value is b3 , and the first resistance value is c3 .
根据一种优选实施方式，a1<a2<a3。b1<b2<b3。c1<c2<c3。According to a preferred embodiment, a1 <a2 <a3 . b1 < b2 < b3 . c1 < c2 < c3 .
根据一种优选实施方式，不同模式下的锻炼次数、初始设置的压力值和初始设置的阻力值均是基于医护人员对患者肌肉状态的判断进行设定的。According to a preferred embodiment, the number of exercises in different modes, the initial pressure value and the initial resistance value are all set based on the medical staff's judgment of the patient's muscle status.
实施例2Example 2
根据一种优选实施方式，所述第一锻炼单元210包含多个电极800，其中，多个电极800设置于所述气囊组件500内表面，所述电极800包括第一微电极810和第二微电极820，第一微电极810与第二微电极820之间的电压为电极800的放电电压，如图3所示。According to a preferred embodiment, the first exercise unit 210 includes a plurality of electrodes 800, wherein the plurality of electrodes 800 are disposed on the inner surface of the airbag assembly 500. The electrodes 800 include a first microelectrode 810 and a second microelectrode. The voltage between the electrode 820, the first microelectrode 810 and the second microelectrode 820 is the discharge voltage of the electrode 800, as shown in FIG. 3 .
优选地，多个电极800包含三极布置，其中，所述三极布置可为不平衡三极布置。Preferably, the plurality of electrodes 800 comprise a tripole arrangement, wherein the tripole arrangement may be an unbalanced tripole arrangement.
需要注意的是，上述具体实施例是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以在本发明公开内容的启发下想出各种解决方案，而这些解决方案也都属于本发明的公开范围并落入本发明的保护范围之内。本领域技术人员应该明白，本发明说明书及其附图均为说明性而并非构成对权利要求的限制。本发明的保护范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。本发明说明书包含多项发明构思，诸如“优选地”“根据一个优选实施方式”或“可选地”均表示相应段落公开了一个独立的构思，申请人保留根据每项发明构思提出分案申请的权利。在全文中，“优选地”所引导的特征仅为一种可选方式，不应理解为必须设置，故此申请人保留随时放弃或删除相关优选特征之权利。It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not constitute limitations on the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the present invention contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally" all indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept. s right. Throughout the text, the features introduced by "preferably" are only optional and should not be understood as mandatory settings. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to waive or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310978931.8ACN116832330A (en) | 2023-08-04 | 2023-08-04 | A sports rehabilitation system |
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| CN202310978931.8ACN116832330A (en) | 2023-08-04 | 2023-08-04 | A sports rehabilitation system |
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| CN117379690A (en)* | 2023-12-11 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Electrical stimulation system based on multichannel array electrode |
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| CN117379690A (en)* | 2023-12-11 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Electrical stimulation system based on multichannel array electrode |
| CN117379690B (en)* | 2023-12-11 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Electrical stimulation system based on multichannel array electrode |
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