技术领域Technical field
本发明属于核电厂典型电气设备二次控制培训领域，具体涉及一种便携式电气二次控制实训装置及二次控制线路接线自评估方法。The invention belongs to the field of secondary control training for typical electrical equipment in nuclear power plants, and specifically relates to a portable electrical secondary control training device and a secondary control line wiring self-assessment method.
背景技术Background technique
核电领域采用仿真模拟机对操纵人员进行技能培训，但此类系统更多关注核岛和常规岛的运行控制，在电气二次控制方面的深度不足；而且模拟机造价昂贵，占用场地过大，人均利用时长较少。因此，核电模拟机不适合单体电气设备(例如，断路器、接触器等)的实操培训。另一方面，核电厂配置了真实电气设备用于仪控、继保等专业人员实操培训。限于设备的密封和集成化特征，学员在进行实操过程中无法直观看到每一步操作对设备二次控制回路起到的控制效果；更重要的是在真实设备上很难灵活设置故障，无法对各类故障进行有效训练，因此此类培训方式强于展示但弱于演练。In the field of nuclear power, simulators are used to provide skills training for operators. However, such systems focus more on the operation control of nuclear islands and conventional islands and lack depth in electrical secondary control. Moreover, simulators are expensive to build and occupy too much space. The average usage time per person is less. Therefore, nuclear power simulators are not suitable for practical training of individual electrical equipment (such as circuit breakers, contactors, etc.). On the other hand, nuclear power plants are equipped with real electrical equipment for practical training of instrument control, relay protection and other professionals. Limited to the sealing and integrated features of the equipment, students cannot intuitively see the control effect of each step of operation on the secondary control loop of the equipment during the practical operation; more importantly, it is difficult to flexibly set faults on real equipment and cannot Effective training for various types of faults, so this type of training method is stronger than demonstration but weaker than drill.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种电气二次控制实训装置及二次控制线路接线自评估方法。通过对正确接线的学习来获得评估标准以实现对学员接线的评估，本方法可用于电气设备二次控制线路的操作指导和测评。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrical secondary control training device and a secondary control line wiring self-assessment method. Evaluation standards are obtained through learning correct wiring to evaluate students' wiring. This method can be used for operational guidance and evaluation of secondary control circuits of electrical equipment.
本发明的技术方案如下：电气二次控制实训装置及二次控制线路接线自评估方法，包括如下步骤：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: electrical secondary control training device and secondary control line wiring self-assessment method, including the following steps:
步骤1：进行PA口的处理；Step 1: Process the PA port;
步骤2：PB口的扫描过程与PA口一致，在进行数据存储时从IOstatus的第11行开始，与扫描PA时获得的数据构成连续矩阵；Step 2: The scanning process of the PB port is the same as that of the PA port. When storing data, it starts from the 11th line of IOstatus and forms a continuous matrix with the data obtained when scanning the PA;
步骤3：采用相同步骤依次扫描PC口、PD口、PE口、PF口、PG口、PH口、PI口，将获得的数据填入二维矩阵IOstatus，则IOstatus矩阵就表达了中压进线断路器二次控制线路接线板插孔之间的接线状态，称其为连接状态矩阵。Step 3: Use the same steps to scan the PC port, PD port, PE port, PF port, PG port, PH port, and PI port in sequence, and fill the obtained data into the two-dimensional matrix IOstatus, then the IOstatus matrix expresses the medium voltage incoming line The circuit breaker secondary controls the wiring status between the jacks on the circuit wiring board, which is called the connection status matrix.
步骤4：通过与正确接线下的参考数据矩阵进行对比，即可对接线状态进行评估，并可根据数据不一致的行来判定哪个插孔连线出现了问题，实现错点分析。Step 4: By comparing with the reference data matrix under correct wiring, the wiring status can be evaluated, and based on the rows with inconsistent data, it can be determined which jack connection has a problem, and error point analysis can be realized.
所述的步骤1中PA16个引脚中只选了10个引脚用于探测插线孔状态，使用的引脚用数组表示为u8 p[10]＝{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,15}，p[10]数组的元素将用于控制对应的引脚输出“1”信号。In the described step 1, only 10 pins among the 16 PA pins are selected for detecting the status of the wiring holes. The pins used are represented by an array as u8 p[10]={2,3,4,5,6 ,7,8,11,12,15}, the elements of the p[10] array will be used to control the corresponding pin to output the "1" signal.
所述的步骤1中的处理过程如下：The processing process in step 1 is as follows:
S1：置循环变量i＝0；S1: Set loop variable i=0;
S2：置PA口中选用的10个引脚为输入模式；S2: Set the 10 selected pins in the PA port to input mode;
S3：读p[i]，并置p[i]所代表的引脚为输出模式，并输出“1”；读PA口状态，并将数值xPA暂存下来；如果有其它端口与PA0连接，该端口读入状态为1，否则为0；S3: Read p[i], and set the pin represented by p[i] to output mode, and output "1"; read the PA port status, and temporarily store the value xPA ; if there are other ports connected to PA0 , the port reading status is 1, otherwise it is 0;
S4：按照S3方法依次读PA口～PI口，获得xPA～xPI共9个字的数据；S4: Read the PA port ~ PI port in sequence according to the S3 method, and obtain a total of 9 words of data from xPA ~ xPI ;
S5：将xPA～xPI存入数组IOstatus的第i行，记为IOstatus[i]；S5: Store xPA ~ xPI in the i-th row of the array IOstatus, recorded as IOstatus[i];
S6：i＝i+1；并判断i是否小于10，完成扫描PA口中选用的所有引脚；若为否则转S2，若为是则表示PA口扫描完成，进入PB口扫描过程。S6: i=i+1; and determine whether i is less than 10, complete the scan of all pins selected in the PA port; if not, go to S2, if yes, it means that the PA port scan is completed and enter the PB port scan process.
本发明的有益效果在于：1、利用实训装置实现二次回路接线训练、故障查找训练及电气盘投、退流程训练等功能，尤其是通过计算机技术对控制回路故障设置更加灵活，提升了技术人员电气技能操作及电气二次控制原理的培训效果。2、该培训装置采用5V和24V直流供电，与在真实6kV配电盘上培训相比，完全避免了技能训练过程中发生触电的风险，从而确保了培训过程安全性。3、利用物理仿真的方法开发仿真培训装置，大幅降低了相关培训设备的开发成本。4、采用接线板搭建二次控制线路可提升学员动手能力和参与感，克服虚拟仿真培训带来的不真实感。5、采用计算机自动比对方法，将二次控制线路接线板在正确接线下的连接状态矩阵作为参考来对学员的接线进行自动评估。此方法避免了对元件数量多、接线繁杂的二次控制线路的正向分析和计算，使得电气二次控制实训装置的扩展更加容易，升级更加高效。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The practical training device is used to realize functions such as secondary loop wiring training, fault finding training, and electrical panel switching and withdrawal process training. In particular, the control loop fault setting is more flexible through computer technology and the technology is improved. The training effect of personnel's electrical skills operation and electrical secondary control principles. 2. This training device uses 5V and 24V DC power supply. Compared with training on a real 6kV switchboard, it completely avoids the risk of electric shock during skill training, thus ensuring the safety of the training process. 3. Use physical simulation methods to develop simulation training devices, which greatly reduces the development costs of related training equipment. 4. Using wiring boards to build secondary control circuits can improve students' hands-on ability and sense of participation, and overcome the unreality caused by virtual simulation training. 5. Use computer automatic comparison method and use the connection status matrix of the secondary control circuit wiring board under correct wiring as a reference to automatically evaluate the student's wiring. This method avoids the forward analysis and calculation of secondary control circuits with a large number of components and complicated wiring, making the expansion of the electrical secondary control training device easier and the upgrade more efficient.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为实训装置总体框架；Figure 1 shows the overall framework of the training device;
图2为接线状态扫描探测示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of wiring status scanning and detection;
图3为接线板接线状态扫描探测过程；Figure 3 shows the wiring status scanning and detection process of the wiring board;
图4为自学习和评估流程；Figure 4 shows the self-learning and evaluation process;
图5为接线评估流程图。Figure 5 shows the wiring evaluation flow chart.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明针对电气二次控制实训装置，提出采用接线板搭建二次控制线路，并可对二次控制线路搭接状态进行自动评估。电气二次控制实训装置的总体框架如图1所示，实训装置以高性能STM32为控制器。装置提供了二次控制线路接线板供学员使用，学员用跳线连接二次控制线路上的接线插孔即可搭建出二次控制线路。触摸屏用于人机交互，可以显示当前实训内容的基本信息，操作人员可以通过触摸屏对实训装置的状态进行设置和配置，并可模拟外部信号以驱动二次控制线路运行。电气设备实训装置还设计了与上位机的接口，可以连接上层核电厂电气一次系统仿真软件，作为仿真系统的底层电气设备，接收上层仿真软件发出的控制指令并将执行结果反馈给上层软件。开关电源为二次控制线路接线板、核心控制器、人机接口等提供5V和24V直流电源。Aiming at the electrical secondary control training device, the present invention proposes to use a wiring board to build a secondary control circuit, and can automatically evaluate the overlapping status of the secondary control circuit. The overall framework of the electrical secondary control training device is shown in Figure 1. The training device uses high-performance STM32 as the controller. The device provides a secondary control circuit wiring board for students to use. Students can build a secondary control circuit by connecting jumpers to the wiring jacks on the secondary control circuit. The touch screen is used for human-computer interaction and can display basic information about the current training content. The operator can set and configure the status of the training device through the touch screen, and can simulate external signals to drive the operation of the secondary control circuit. The electrical equipment training device is also designed to interface with the host computer, which can be connected to the upper-level nuclear power plant electrical primary system simulation software. As the bottom electrical equipment of the simulation system, it receives control instructions issued by the upper-level simulation software and feeds back the execution results to the upper-level software. The switching power supply provides 5V and 24V DC power for the secondary control circuit wiring board, core controller, human-machine interface, etc.
本发明采用“一机多用”理念，利用一套实训装置可以实现中压进线断路器、电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器的二次控制线路实训。本发明通过更换接线板实现“一机多用”，并通过板载编码自动判断所接入的接线板类型，系统自动识别接入的接线板后自动激活相应开关的培训场景。The invention adopts the concept of "one machine for multiple purposes" and uses a set of training devices to realize secondary control circuit training of medium-voltage incoming circuit breakers, electrical self-holding contactors, and mechanical self-holding contactors. The invention realizes "one machine with multiple uses" by replacing the wiring board, and automatically determines the type of the connected wiring board through on-board coding. The system automatically recognizes the connected wiring board and automatically activates the training scenario of the corresponding switch.
在实训装置中，STM32的IO引脚连接接线板的每个接线插孔，通过对IO引脚的扫描即可读取插孔间的连接状态。为了便于理解接线状态探测原理，以图2所示接线图进行说明。图2中包含K1、K2、K3和X1四个元件，每个元件有两个接线插孔，共8个接线插孔，记为J0-J7。8个接线插孔分别连接PA端口的PA0-PA7引脚。采用如下方法即可读取插孔连接状态：In the training device, the IO pins of STM32 are connected to each wiring jack of the wiring board, and the connection status between the jacks can be read by scanning the IO pins. In order to facilitate the understanding of the wiring status detection principle, the wiring diagram shown in Figure 2 is used for explanation. Figure 2 contains four components K1, K2, K3 and PA7 pin. Use the following method to read the jack connection status:
S1：PA口所有引脚置0，置为输入模式；S1: Set all pins of the PA port to 0 and set them to input mode;
S2：将PA0引脚置为输出模式，并输出1；S2: Set the PA0 pin to output mode and output 1;
S3：读PA口状态，并将数值x0存入数组，如果有其它引脚与PA0连接，则该引脚读入状态为1，否则为0；S3: Read the PA port status and store the value x0 into the array. If there are other pins connected to PA0, the read status of the pin is 1, otherwise it is 0;
S4：再将PA0引脚置0，置为输入模式；S4: Set the PA0 pin to 0 and set it to input mode;
S5：重复S2-S4步操作，依次将PA1-PA7引脚置1，并读PA口，每次读数都得到一个字节；S5: Repeat steps S2-S4, set the PA1-PA7 pins to 1 in sequence, and read the PA port. Each reading will get one byte;
通过以上步骤可获得8个字节的数据，记为X＝[x0 x1…x7]，X就表达了接线插孔J0-J7之间的连接关系，即接线板的接线状态。获得接线板的接线状态是实现接线评估的前提，设正确接线为J1与J2相连、J3与J4相连且J5与J6相连；在接线正确的情况下，数据记为＝[0x01,0x06,0x06,0x18,0x18,0x60,0x60,0x80]。将得到的数据X与正确数据进行比较，就可以判断出现接线错误的点。例如，如果第三个数据不是0x06，则表明接线点J2接线有误。Through the above steps, 8 bytes of data can be obtained, recorded as X=[x0 x1...x7]. Obtaining the wiring status of the wiring board is the prerequisite for wiring evaluation. Assume that the correct wiring is that J1 is connected to J2, J3 is connected to J4, and J5 is connected to J6; when the wiring is correct, the data is recorded as =[0x01,0x06,0x06, 0x18,0x18,0x60,0x60,0x80]. By comparing the obtained data X with the correct data, you can determine the point where the wiring error occurred. For example, if the third data is not 0x06, it indicates that the connection point J2 is wired incorrectly.
以上以简单的接线案例描述了接线评估的基本原理，其中正确接线时的数据由接线图分析计算获得。在实际的电气设备二次控制线路中，元件数量多、接线插孔多且接线繁杂，无法通过分析计算获得正确接线时的数据。针对此问题，本发明采用逆向分析方法通过学习正确的二次控制线路接线来获得正确接线时的数据，并将其作为后续接线自评估参照。The basic principle of wiring evaluation is described above with a simple wiring case, in which the data for correct wiring is obtained by analyzing and calculating the wiring diagram. In the actual secondary control circuit of electrical equipment, there are a large number of components, many wiring jacks, and the wiring is complicated. It is impossible to obtain correct wiring data through analysis and calculation. To address this problem, the present invention uses a reverse analysis method to obtain correct wiring data by learning the correct secondary control circuit wiring, and uses it as a reference for subsequent wiring self-evaluation.
工程师或教练员先在接线板上进行接线，检查无误后将其作为二次控制线路的标准。本发明获取正确接线下的二维连接状态矩阵，将其存入存储器作为后续接线评估的参照。学员进行接线训练时，当接线完成并点击提交后系统将扫面学员的接线状态矩阵，并与参考矩阵进行对比，以评估接线是否正确，并定义接线正确率来评判学员的成绩。在对比过程中也可以通过获取两个矩阵不相等的行来定位出现接线错误的插线孔。The engineer or trainer first performs wiring on the wiring board, and after checking that it is correct, it will be used as the standard for the secondary control circuit. The invention obtains the two-dimensional connection state matrix under correct wiring and stores it in the memory as a reference for subsequent wiring evaluation. When students perform wiring training, when the wiring is completed and click submit, the system will scan the student's wiring status matrix and compare it with the reference matrix to evaluate whether the wiring is correct, and define the wiring accuracy rate to judge the student's performance. During the comparison process, you can also locate the wiring hole where the wiring error occurs by obtaining the unequal rows of the two matrices.
为克服目前核电厂电气二次控制培训的局限性，融合实物仿真及计算机仿真技术开发了一种针对核电厂电气设备技能培训的装置，针对该培训装置发明了二次控制线路接线自评估方法，兼顾了计算机仿真和真实设备培训的优点。In order to overcome the current limitations of electrical secondary control training in nuclear power plants, a device for skill training of electrical equipment in nuclear power plants was developed by integrating physical simulation and computer simulation technology. A self-assessment method for secondary control line wiring was invented for this training device. It takes into account the advantages of computer simulation and real equipment training.
本发明针对电气设备二次控制实训需求，提出采用接线板搭建二次控制线路，并对二次控制线路进行自学习评估的方法。以接线板搭建二次控制线路可提升学员的动手能力和参与感，并加强学员对电气设备内部控制逻辑的理解。鉴于二次控制线路接线点多、线路复杂的特点，本发明采用逆向思维，通过对正确接线的学习来获得评估标准以实现对学员接线的评估，本方法可用于电气设备二次控制线路的操作指导和测评。In view of the practical training requirements for secondary control of electrical equipment, the present invention proposes a method of using a wiring board to build a secondary control circuit and performing self-learning evaluation on the secondary control circuit. Building secondary control circuits with wiring boards can improve students' hands-on ability and sense of participation, and enhance students' understanding of the internal control logic of electrical equipment. In view of the characteristics of secondary control circuits with many wiring points and complex circuits, the present invention adopts reverse thinking and obtains evaluation standards through learning of correct wiring to evaluate students' wiring. This method can be used for the operation of secondary control circuits of electrical equipment. Guidance and assessment.
本发明为核电厂典型电气设备设计了对应二次控制线路接线面板，学员可以在接线面板上动手搭建典型电气设备二次控制线路，提升学员动手能力和参与感，克服虚拟仿真培训带来的不真实感。本发明提出了“一机多用”的多功能设计理念，可以搭建中压进线断路器、电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器的二次控制线路，并创新提出了基于自学习的接线自评估方法，可服务于电气设备二次控制线路的接线实训测评。This invention designs a corresponding secondary control circuit wiring panel for typical electrical equipment in nuclear power plants. Students can build secondary control circuits for typical electrical equipment on the wiring panel, improving students' hands-on ability and sense of participation, and overcoming the inconvenience caused by virtual simulation training. Realism. This invention proposes a multi-functional design concept of "one machine for multiple purposes", which can build secondary control circuits for medium-voltage incoming circuit breakers, electrical self-holding contactors, and mechanical self-holding contactors, and innovatively proposes wiring based on self-learning. The self-assessment method can serve the wiring training and evaluation of secondary control circuits of electrical equipment.
本发明采用多功能设计，通过替换接线板的方式实现中压进线断路器、电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器的二次控制线路实训。The invention adopts a multi-functional design and realizes the secondary control circuit training of the medium voltage incoming circuit breaker, electrical self-holding contactor and mechanical self-holding contactor by replacing the wiring board.
控制器设计了BNUM1、BNUM2、BNUM3三个引脚用于接线板自动判断。在机械自保持接触器接线板上BNUM1、BNUM2、BNUM3都接高电平；在电气自保持接触器接线板上BNUM1、BNUM3引脚接地，BNUM2接高电平；在进线断路器接线板上三个引脚都接地。当在电气设备实训装置中插入接线板并上电后，读BNUM1、BNUM2、BNUM3引脚状态，若状态为“111”则表明接入为机械自保持接触器接线板，当状态为“010”表示接入为电气自保持接触器接线板，若状态为“000”则表示接入进线断路器接线板。为了保证装置安全，替换接线板时需要断电进行，再次上电后程序可自动判断接入接线板的类型。The controller is designed with three pins BNUM1, BNUM2, and BNUM3 for automatic judgment of the wiring board. On the mechanical self-holding contactor wiring board, BNUM1, BNUM2, and BNUM3 are all connected to high level; on the electrical self-holding contactor wiring board, BNUM1 and BNUM3 pins are grounded, and BNUM2 is connected to high level; on the incoming circuit breaker wiring board All three pins are connected to ground. When the wiring board is inserted into the electrical equipment training device and powered on, read the status of the BNUM1, BNUM2, and BNUM3 pins. If the status is "111", it indicates that the connection is a mechanical self-holding contactor wiring board. When the status is "010" ” indicates that the connection is to the electrical self-holding contactor terminal block. If the status is “000”, it indicates that the connection is to the incoming circuit breaker terminal block. In order to ensure the safety of the device, the power needs to be cut off when replacing the wiring board. After powering on again, the program can automatically determine the type of wiring board connected.
如前所述，可以采用扫描方法探测接线板接线插孔之间连接状态。本发明涉及了中压进线断路器、电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器3种典型电气设备，其二次控制线路接线板上插孔数量分别为116、88和80。这里以中压进线断路器为例说明基于全扫描的接线板接线状态探测方法，其处理步骤如图3所示。当进入程序入口后先定义二维矩阵用于存储接线状态数据，u16IOstatus[116][9]。IOstatus矩阵的每行表示当对应的接线插孔输出“1”时，从PA-PI口读回的数据。需要说明的是，从STM32口读回的数据为16位，这与图2所示的8位不同。As mentioned before, the scanning method can be used to detect the connection status between the wiring jacks on the wiring board. The invention involves three typical electrical equipments: medium-voltage incoming line circuit breaker, electrical self-maintaining contactor, and mechanical self-maintaining contactor. The numbers of jacks on the secondary control circuit wiring board are 116, 88, and 80 respectively. Here, the medium-voltage incoming circuit breaker is taken as an example to illustrate the terminal board wiring status detection method based on full scan. The processing steps are shown in Figure 3. When entering the program entry, first define a two-dimensional matrix to store wiring status data, u16IOstatus[116][9]. Each row of the IOstatus matrix represents the data read back from the PA-PI port when the corresponding wiring jack outputs "1". It should be noted that the data read back from the STM32 port is 16 bits, which is different from the 8 bits shown in Figure 2.
先进行PA口的处理，PA 16个引脚中只选了10个引脚用于探测插线孔状态，使用的引脚用数组表示为u8 p[10]＝{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,15}，p[10]数组的元素将用于控制对应的引脚输出“1”信号。The PA port is processed first. Only 10 pins among the 16 pins of the PA are selected to detect the status of the plug hole. The pins used are represented by an array as u8 p[10]={2,3,4,5 ,6,7,8,11,12,15}, the elements of the p[10] array will be used to control the corresponding pin output "1" signal.
采用如下步骤进行处理：Use the following steps to process:
S1：置循环变量i＝0；S1: Set loop variable i=0;
S2：置PA口中选用的10个引脚为输入模式；S2: Set the 10 selected pins in the PA port to input mode;
S3：读p[i]，并置p[i]所代表的引脚为输出模式，并输出“1”；读PA口状态，并将数值xPA暂存下来；如果有其它端口与PA0连接，该端口读入状态为1，否则为0；S3: Read p[i], and set the pin represented by p[i] to output mode, and output "1"; read the PA port status, and temporarily store the value xPA ; if there are other ports connected to PA0 , the port reading status is 1, otherwise it is 0;
S4：按照S3方法依次读PA口～PI口，获得xPA～xPI共9个字的数据；S4: Read the PA port ~ PI port in sequence according to the S3 method, and obtain a total of 9 words of data from xPA ~ xPI ;
S5：将xPA～xPI存入数组IOstatus的第i行，记为IOstatus[i]；S5: Store xPA ~ xPI in the i-th row of the array IOstatus, recorded as IOstatus[i];
S6：i＝i+1；并判断i是否小于10(完成扫描PA口中选用的所有引脚)，若为否则转S2，若为是则表示PA口扫描完成，进入PB口扫描过程。S6: i=i+1; and determine whether i is less than 10 (complete scanning of all pins selected in the PA port). If not, go to S2. If yes, it means that the PA port scan is completed and the PB port scan process is entered.
PB口的扫描过程与PA口基本一致，但在进行数据存储时从IOstatus的第11行开始，与扫描PA时获得的数据构成连续矩阵。The scanning process of the PB port is basically the same as that of the PA port, but when storing data, it starts from the 11th row of IOstatus and forms a continuous matrix with the data obtained when scanning the PA.
采用相同步骤依次扫描PC口、PD口、PE口、PF口、PG口、PH口、PI口，将获得的数据填入二维矩阵IOstatus[116][9]，则IOstatus矩阵就表达了中压进线断路器二次控制线路接线板插孔之间的接线状态，称其为连接状态矩阵。通过与正确接线下的参考数据矩阵进行对比，即可对接线状态进行评估，并可根据数据不一致的行来判定那个插孔连线出现了问题，实现错点分析。Use the same steps to scan the PC port, PD port, PE port, PF port, PG port, PH port, and PI port in sequence, and fill the obtained data into the two-dimensional matrix IOstatus[116][9], then the IOstatus matrix expresses the The incoming line circuit breaker secondary controls the wiring status between the jacks of the line terminal board, which is called the connection status matrix. By comparing it with the reference data matrix under correct wiring, the wiring status can be evaluated, and based on the rows with inconsistent data, it can be determined which jack connection has a problem, and error point analysis can be realized.
电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器二次控制线路的接线探测也采用相同方法，在此就不再赘述。The same method is used for wiring detection of the secondary control circuits of electrical self-holding contactors and mechanical self-holding contactors, and will not be described again here.
在实际的电气设备二次控制线路中，元件数量多、接线插孔多，无法通过正向分析计算获得正确接线时参考矩阵。本发明采用逆向分析方法通过学习二次控制线路的正确接线，获得正确接线时的连接状态矩阵作为后续接线评估的参照。自学习和评估流程如图4所示，首先根据三个引脚BNUM1、BNUM2、BNUM3判断插入的接线板类型，状态为“111”则表明接入为机械自保持接触器接线板，状态为“010”表示接入电气自保持接触器接线板，状态为“000”则表示接入进线断路器接线板。In the actual secondary control circuit of electrical equipment, there are many components and many wiring jacks, so it is impossible to obtain the correct wiring reference matrix through forward analysis and calculation. The present invention uses a reverse analysis method to learn the correct wiring of the secondary control circuit and obtains the connection status matrix when the wiring is correct as a reference for subsequent wiring evaluation. The self-learning and evaluation process is shown in Figure 4. First, the type of the inserted wiring board is determined based on the three pins BNUM1, BNUM2, and BNUM3. The status is "111", which indicates that the connection is a mechanical self-maintaining contactor wiring board, and the status is " 010" means connecting to the electrical self-holding contactor wiring board, and the status of "000" means connecting to the incoming circuit breaker wiring board.
以进线断路器接线板为例对基于自学习的接线评估方法进行说明。进入图4示程序入口后，若进线断路器学习未完成则将进入学习模式；即使已经完成了学习，也可通过模式选择进入自学习模式以更新学习结果。在学习模式下，工程师或教练员先在进线断路器接线板上进行正确接线，检查无误后发出接线完成信号，流程将采用前述全扫描步序获得可描述插线孔连接状态的连接状态矩阵，进线断路器连接状态矩阵维数为IOstatus[116][9]。此时的IOstatus为进线断路器二次控制线路接线板正确连线后的状态，可将作为后续评估对比的标准，记为将/>存入存储器，供后续接线评估时调用。在非学习模式下，学员完成二次控制线路接线后，流程也将采用全扫描步序获得矩阵IOstatus[116][9]。从存储器中读取连接状态参考矩阵/>并与IOstatus进行比对；对比对结果进行分析即可获得接线评估结果并指出接线错点位置。电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器二次控制接线的自学习和评估与进线断路器类似，在图4中未详细展开。Taking the incoming circuit breaker wiring board as an example, the wiring evaluation method based on self-learning is explained. After entering the program entrance shown in Figure 4, if the incoming circuit breaker learning is not completed, it will enter the learning mode; even if the learning has been completed, you can enter the self-learning mode through mode selection to update the learning results. In the learning mode, the engineer or trainer first performs correct wiring on the incoming circuit breaker wiring board. After checking that it is correct, a wiring completion signal is sent. The process will use the aforementioned full scan steps to obtain a connection status matrix that can describe the connection status of the plug hole. , the dimension of the incoming circuit breaker connection status matrix is IOstatus[116][9]. The IOstatus at this time is the status of the incoming circuit breaker secondary control circuit wiring board after correct connection. It can be used as a standard for subsequent evaluation and comparison, recorded as Will/> Store it in memory for subsequent recall during wiring evaluation. In non-learning mode, after students complete the secondary control circuit wiring, the process will also use full scan steps to obtain the matrix IOstatus[116][9]. Read connection status reference matrix from memory/> And compare it with IOstatus; compare and analyze the results to get the wiring evaluation results and point out the location of the wiring error. The self-learning and evaluation of the secondary control wiring of electrical self-holding contactors and mechanical self-holding contactors are similar to those of incoming circuit breakers and are not detailed in Figure 4.
采用图4所示自学习，可以更加方便地获得复杂二次控制线路正确接线时的参考矩阵，使得电气二次控制实训装置的功能扩展更加容易，系统更加灵活，升级更加高效。Using the self-learning shown in Figure 4, the reference matrix for correct wiring of complex secondary control circuits can be obtained more conveniently, making the function expansion of the electrical secondary control training device easier, the system more flexible, and the upgrade more efficient.
接线评估过程如图5所示，以进线断路器二次控制线路接线板评估为例进行说明。当需要进行接线评估时，调用图5所示流程。首先，置循环变量i＝0，并置错误计数变量Ce＝0。然后，取接线状态矩阵IOstatus的第i行存入数组Cn[9]，并从存储器读参考连接状态矩阵的第i行存入数组Sn[9]。对比数组Cn[9]和数组Sn[9]的对应元素是否相等，若不相等则表示(i+1)号插线孔接线错误，错误计数器Ce＝Ce+1；增加循环计数i＝i+1；判断是否对比了连接状态矩阵IOstatus的所有行；当所有行对比完成后，可按照下式计算错点率The wiring evaluation process is shown in Figure 5, taking the evaluation of the secondary control circuit wiring board of the incoming circuit breaker as an example. When wiring evaluation is required, the process shown in Figure 5 is called. First, set the loop variable i=0, and set the error count variable Ce=0. Then, take the i-th row of the wiring status matrix IOstatus and store it in the array Cn[9], and read the reference connection status matrix from the memory. The i-th row is stored in the array Sn[9]. Compare the corresponding elements of array Cn[9] and array Sn[9] to see if they are equal. If they are not equal, it means that the wiring hole (i+1) is incorrectly wired, and the error counter Ce=Ce+1; increase the loop count i=i+ 1; Determine whether all rows of the connection status matrix IOstatus have been compared; when all rows are compared, the error rate can be calculated according to the following formula
式(1)中Np为接线板上的插线孔个数。针对进线断路器二次控制线路接线板，Np＝116。可见，通过图5所示流程可以对进线断路器二次控制线路的接线进行评估并指出错误的接线点。电气自保持接触器、机械自保持接触器二次控制线路接线板的评估过程与此类似，在此就不再赘述。In formula (1), Np is the number of plug holes on the wiring board. For the secondary control circuit terminal board of the incoming circuit breaker, Np =116. It can be seen that through the process shown in Figure 5, the wiring of the secondary control circuit of the incoming circuit breaker can be evaluated and the wrong wiring point can be pointed out. The evaluation process of the secondary control circuit wiring board of electrical self-holding contactors and mechanical self-holding contactors is similar to this, and will not be described again here.
接线错误率可作为学员接线实训评估的重要参考数据；错点分析则可以明确指出出现接线错误的插线孔位置，在装置中将以灯的闪烁等方式来进行提示，可很好地指导学员的实训过程。可见，本发明提出的方法可对电气设备二次控制线路实训提供帮助，能有效提高培训的水平和效率。The wiring error rate can be used as an important reference data for students' wiring training evaluation; the error point analysis can clearly point out the location of the plug hole where the wiring error occurs. The device will provide prompts by flashing lights, etc., which can provide good guidance. students’ practical training process. It can be seen that the method proposed by the present invention can provide assistance for practical training of secondary control circuits of electrical equipment, and can effectively improve the level and efficiency of training.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310660017.9ACN116824940A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Electric secondary control practical training device and secondary control circuit wiring self-evaluation method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310660017.9ACN116824940A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Electric secondary control practical training device and secondary control circuit wiring self-evaluation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104933928A (en)* | 2014-06-06 | 2015-09-23 | 陈辉 | Practical training device capable of detecting wiring correctness of circuit automatically |
| CN210429004U (en)* | 2019-07-08 | 2020-04-28 | 黑龙江大学 | Modularized control loop wiring simulation teaching system |
| CN211320496U (en)* | 2019-12-27 | 2020-08-21 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electromechanical integration training device |
| CN115841774A (en)* | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Transformer substation secondary circuit actual operation checking system and method |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104933928A (en)* | 2014-06-06 | 2015-09-23 | 陈辉 | Practical training device capable of detecting wiring correctness of circuit automatically |
| CN210429004U (en)* | 2019-07-08 | 2020-04-28 | 黑龙江大学 | Modularized control loop wiring simulation teaching system |
| CN211320496U (en)* | 2019-12-27 | 2020-08-21 | 淮安信息职业技术学院 | Electromechanical integration training device |
| CN115841774A (en)* | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Transformer substation secondary circuit actual operation checking system and method |
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