技术领域technical field
本发明涉及动车组减阻技术领域，具体而言，尤其涉及一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法。The invention relates to the technical field of drag reduction for motor trains, in particular to a laser drag reduction device for high-speed motor trains and a drag reduction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
高速动车组列车具有很大的长高比，在贴地高速运行中，出现了一系列与其他陆地车辆不同的空气动力学问题，与列车速度和运行环境等有很大关系。这些气动问题主要包括：列车交会、横风效应、隧道效应、气动噪声、气动阻力以及诱导尾流等，引起了很多学者和工程师的广泛关注和研究。其中气动阻力是列车空气动力学中最关键的影响因素，随着运行速度越来越快，列车气动阻力在运行阻力中逐渐占主导地位。当列车运行速度超过400km/h时，列车气动阻力在总阻力中占比也大幅提升到90％以上，严重影响列车运行经济性和环保性，并制约列车进一步提速。由于流线型车头的优化设计思路通过改变头部几何外形而改变相应的流场结构的传统方法已趋于极致，可优化的空间变得越来越小。High-speed EMU trains have a large length-to-height ratio. During high-speed operation close to the ground, a series of aerodynamic problems different from other land vehicles arise, which have a lot to do with train speed and operating environment. These aerodynamic problems mainly include: train intersection, crosswind effect, tunnel effect, aerodynamic noise, aerodynamic drag, and induced wake, etc., which have attracted extensive attention and research from many scholars and engineers. Among them, the aerodynamic resistance is the most critical factor in the aerodynamics of the train. As the running speed becomes faster and faster, the aerodynamic resistance of the train gradually dominates the running resistance. When the train running speed exceeds 400km/h, the proportion of train aerodynamic resistance in the total resistance also increases to more than 90%, which seriously affects the economy and environmental protection of train operation, and restricts the further speed-up of the train. Because the traditional method of changing the corresponding flow field structure by changing the geometric shape of the head in the optimization design idea of the streamlined head has become extreme, the space for optimization becomes smaller and smaller.
因此需要设计一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法。Therefore, it is necessary to design a laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed EMUs.
发明内容Contents of the invention
根据上述提出现有的通过结构对动车组进行减阻的方案存在到达极限的技术问题，而提供一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法。本发明主要利用流线型车身附近嵌设激光发生装置，使得其发射激光电离距车头一定距离的点位处的空气，进而破坏车前的弓形激波面，使其转化为波阻较弱的斜激波，从而起到减小车头位置的波阻，降低车辆的压差阻力的效果。According to the above-mentioned proposal, there is a technical problem that the existing scheme for reducing drag of EMUs through the structure has reached the limit, and a laser drag reduction device for high-speed EMUs and a drag reduction method thereof are provided. The present invention mainly utilizes the laser generating device embedded near the streamlined vehicle body, so that the emitted laser ionizes the air at a certain distance from the front of the vehicle, and then destroys the bow-shaped shock wave surface in front of the vehicle, converting it into an oblique shock wave with weak wave resistance , so as to reduce the wave resistance at the front position and the pressure difference resistance of the vehicle.
本发明采用的技术手段如下：The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:
一种高速动车组激光减阻装置，其特征在于，包括：动车组车头和激光发生器，所述激光发生器包括激光发射头和激光发射头壳体，所述激光发射头设置在所述激光发射头壳体上；所述动车组车头上设有多个激光发射器安装点位，所述激光发射器设置在所述激光发射器安装点位上。A laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU, characterized in that it includes: the head of the EMU and a laser generator, the laser generator includes a laser emitting head and a laser emitting head housing, and the laser emitting head is arranged on the laser On the shell of the emitter head; on the head of the EMU, there are multiple installation points for laser emitters, and the laser emitters are arranged on the installation points of the laser emitters.
进一步的，所述激光发射器安装点位包括一号点位、二号点位、三号点位、四号点位、五号点位、六号点位和七号点位。Further, the installation points of the laser transmitter include the first point, the second point, the third point, the fourth point, the fifth point, the sixth point and the seventh point.
进一步的，所述一号点位和所述七号点位对称设置在所述动车组车头的上部，所述二号点位和所述六号点位对称设置在所述动车组车头的中部，所述三号点位和所述五号点位对称设置在所述动车组车头的下部，所述四号点位设置在所述动车组车头的下部的中心处。Further, the No. 1 point and the No. 7 point are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the EMU front, and the No. 2 point and the No. 6 point are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the EMU front , the No. 3 point and the No. 5 point are arranged symmetrically at the lower part of the EMU locomotive, and the No. 4 point is arranged at the center of the lower part of the EMU locomotive.
一种高速动车组激光减阻装置的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法步骤包括：A control method of a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU, characterized in that the steps of the control method include:
步骤S1：当动车组行驶时，将车辆速度信息传入动车组控制系统，车载计算机根据速度情况导出对应当前来流马赫数的弓形激波面；Step S1: When the EMU is running, the vehicle speed information is transmitted to the EMU control system, and the on-board computer derives the bow shock wave surface corresponding to the current incoming Mach number according to the speed;
步骤S2：开启激光发生器进行对焦瞄准实时弓形激波区域，进行能量注入；Step S2: Turn on the laser generator to focus and aim at the real-time bow shock area for energy injection;
步骤S3：控制激光发射器击穿注入点处的空气，使其产生等离子体冲击波，进而削弱前方区域的弓形激波面，减小动车组气动阻力。Step S3: Control the laser emitter to break down the air at the injection point to generate a plasma shock wave, thereby weakening the bow-shaped shock wave surface in the front area and reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the EMU.
较现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、本发明提供的一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法，置于动车组头车区域的激光发生器能够使激光击穿空气产生高温高压的等离子体，并同时使击穿点产生冲击波，当冲击波传播到高速动车组头部时，会使头部压力稍有增加，进而阻力稍有增加，随后等离子体冲击波与头部的弓形激波相互作用，使其变为较弱的斜激波，此时动车组的气动阻力迅速减小，采用激光点源沉积的方式完成减阻作用。1. The present invention provides a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU and its drag reduction method. The laser generator placed in the head car area of the EMU can cause the laser to break through the air to generate high-temperature and high-pressure plasma, and at the same time make the breakdown When the shock wave propagates to the head of the high-speed EMU, the pressure on the head will increase slightly, and then the resistance will increase slightly, and then the plasma shock wave interacts with the bow shock wave of the head to make it weaker At this time, the aerodynamic resistance of the EMU decreases rapidly, and the laser point source deposition method is used to complete the drag reduction effect.
2、本发明提供的一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法，可以通过调节激光发生器的功率控制减阻比：在高速动车组头部附近安装7台激光发生器的方法能够减小高度动车组的车身部分的阻力，同时可以减小动车组高跨音速过程中产生的脱体激波对行车稳定性产生的干扰。2. The laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for a high-speed EMU provided by the present invention can control the drag reduction ratio by adjusting the power of the laser generator: the method of installing 7 laser generators near the head of the high-speed EMU can The resistance of the body part of the high-speed EMU can be reduced, and at the same time, the interference of the detached shock wave generated during the high transonic speed of the EMU on the driving stability can be reduced.
3、本发明提供的一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法，减小音爆：利用产生的激波在相位上的差异，诱使它们互相对消，以减小音爆的影响。3. A laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed EMUs provided by the present invention can reduce sonic boom: use the difference in phase of the generated shock waves to induce them to cancel each other to reduce the sonic boom Influence.
基于上述理由本发明可在动车组减阻技术等领域广泛推广。Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as EMU drag reduction technology.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做以简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法的激光作用点位示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of laser action points of a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU and a drag reduction method thereof according to the present invention.
图2为本发明一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法的激光发射器排布示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of laser emitters of a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU and a drag reduction method thereof according to the present invention.
图3为本发明一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法的激光发射器示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser transmitter of a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU and a drag reduction method thereof according to the present invention.
图中：1、激光发射头；2、激光发射头壳体；3、一号点位；4、二号点位；5、三号点位；6、四号点位；7、五号点位；8、六号点位；9、七号点位。In the figure: 1. Laser emission head; 2. Laser emission head shell; 3. No. 1 point; 4. No. 2 point; 5. No. 3 point; 6. No. 4 point; 7. No. 5 point bit; 8, No. 6 point; 9, No. 7 point.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当清楚，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员己知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任向具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be clear that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as exemplary only, and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制：方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. In the absence of a contrary statement, these orientation words do not indicate or imply the device or element referred to. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to inside and outside relative to the outline of each part itself.
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其位器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. its underlying device or construction". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. To limit the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1-3所示，本发明提供了一种高速动车组激光减阻装置，包括：动车组车头和激光发生器，所述激光发生器包括激光发射头1和激光发射头壳体2，所述激光发射头1设置在所述激光发射头壳体2上；所述动车组车头上设有多个激光发射器安装点位，所述激光发射器设置在所述激光发射器安装点位上；所述激光发射器安装点位包括一号点位3、二号点位4、三号点位5、四号点位6、五号点位7、六号点位8和七号点位9；所述一号点位3和所述七号点位9对称设置在所述动车组车头的上部，所述二号点位4和所述六号点位8对称设置在所述动车组车头的中部，所述三号点位5和所述五号点位7对称设置在所述动车组车头的下部，所述四号点位6设置在所述动车组车头的下部的中心处。As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention provides a laser drag reduction device for high-speed EMUs, including: EMU locomotives and a laser generator, the laser generator includes a laser emitting head 1 and a laser emitting head housing 2, The laser emitter head 1 is arranged on the laser emitter head housing 2; the EMU locomotive is provided with a plurality of laser emitter installation points, and the laser emitter is arranged at the laser emitter installation point Above; the installation points of the laser transmitter include the first point 3, the second point 4, the third point 5, the fourth point 6, the fifth point 7, the sixth point 8 and the seventh point Position 9; the No. 1 point 3 and the No. 7 point 9 are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the train head of the EMU, and the No. 2 point 4 and the No. 6 point 8 are symmetrically arranged on the EMU In the middle of the locomotive, the No. 3 point 5 and the No. 5 point 7 are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the EMU locomotive, and the No. 4 point 6 is arranged at the center of the lower part of the EMU locomotive .
一种高速动车组激光减阻装置的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法步骤包括：A control method of a laser drag reduction device for a high-speed EMU, characterized in that the steps of the control method include:
步骤S1：当动车组行驶时，将车辆速度信息传入动车组控制系统，车载计算机根据速度情况导出对应当前来流马赫数的弓形激波面；Step S1: When the EMU is running, the vehicle speed information is transmitted to the EMU control system, and the on-board computer derives the bow shock wave surface corresponding to the current incoming Mach number according to the speed;
步骤S2：开启激光发生器进行对焦瞄准实时弓形激波区域，进行能量注入；Step S2: Turn on the laser generator to focus and aim at the real-time bow shock area for energy injection;
步骤S3：控制激光发射器击穿注入点处的空气，使其产生等离子体冲击波，进而削弱前方区域的弓形激波面，减小动车组气动阻力。Step S3: Control the laser emitter to break down the air at the injection point to generate a plasma shock wave, thereby weakening the bow-shaped shock wave surface in the front area and reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the EMU.
实施例1Example 1
如图1-3所示，本发明提供了一种高速动车组激光减阻装置及其减阻方法，将激光发生器布置在头车的四个高度不同的水平面上，如图1，其中一号点位3和七号点位9处于同一平面，二号点位4和四号点位6处于同一平面，三号点位5和五号点位7处于同一平面，四号点位6激光发生器处于最低平面，同时也是和等离子体冲击波最直接接触的位置；布置于不同水平面，能够应对处于不同位置的激波面。如图2，激光发生器呈对称布置，增加行车的气动稳定性，同时也具备一定应急性，以防损坏。As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention provides a laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed EMUs. The laser generators are arranged on four horizontal planes with different heights on the head train, as shown in Figure 1, one of which is Point 3 and point 9 are on the same plane, point 4 on the second and point 6 on the fourth are on the same plane, point 5 on the third and point 7 on the fifth are on the same plane, point 4 on the 6th laser The generator is at the lowest level, and it is also the position most directly in contact with the plasma shock wave; it is arranged on different horizontal planes, which can deal with the shock wave surface at different positions. As shown in Figure 2, the laser generators are symmetrically arranged to increase the aerodynamic stability of the vehicle, and also have a certain degree of emergency to prevent damage.
工作原理是当动车组行驶时，将车辆速度信息传入动车组控制系统，车载计算机根据速度情况导出对应当前来流马赫数的弓形激波面，并开启激光发生器进行对焦瞄准实时弓形激波区域，进行能量注入，击穿注入点处的空气，使其产生等离子体冲击波，进而削弱前方区域的弓形激波面，减小动车组气动阻力。The working principle is that when the EMU is running, the vehicle speed information is transmitted to the EMU control system, and the on-board computer derives the bow shock wave surface corresponding to the current Mach number according to the speed, and turns on the laser generator to focus and aim at the real-time bow shock wave area , perform energy injection, break down the air at the injection point, make it generate a plasma shock wave, and then weaken the bow-shaped shock wave surface in the front area, reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the EMU.
工作方式是当动车组行驶时，通过车载控制系统，完成实时车速和激光发生器焦点的匹配。The working method is to complete the matching of the real-time vehicle speed and the focus of the laser generator through the on-board control system when the EMU is running.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310586112.9ACN116552577A (en) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | Laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed motor train unit |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310586112.9ACN116552577A (en) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | Laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed motor train unit |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116552577Atrue CN116552577A (en) | 2023-08-08 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310586112.9APendingCN116552577A (en) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | Laser drag reduction device and drag reduction method for high-speed motor train unit |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116552577A (en) |
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| CN111439371A (en)* | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-24 | 厦门大学 | Hypersonic aircraft drag reduction method based on laser plasma |
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| CN108291337A (en)* | 2015-06-18 | 2018-07-17 | 凯文·克雷梅耶 | Facilitating directed energy deposition for high-speed applications |
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| CN111439371A (en)* | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-24 | 厦门大学 | Hypersonic aircraft drag reduction method based on laser plasma |
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