技术领域technical field
本发明属于土壤调理剂技术领域，具体为一种多元复合型土壤调理剂及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of soil conditioners, in particular to a multi-component compound soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
我国是一个农业大国，农业在我国经济发展中占据着很大的比重。随着经济社会发展及城镇化水平的不断提高，加上我国人口基数大的问题，使人均耕地面积不断减少且远低于世界平均水平；这就要求我们在有限的耕地面积上，利用现代化的耕作方式和农业技术，不断的增加农产品的产量和改善农产品的品质。农业水平的提高，离不开化肥和农药的作用。土壤调理剂可对土壤进行物理、化学和生物性质进行改良，它的出现为解决以上土壤问题提供了行之有效的方法和技术。针对复杂的土壤问题，对土壤进行合理有效的改良，成为我国农业发展亟需解决的问题。土壤酸化会对作物根系产生毒害作用，导致作物减产，养分有效性和肥料利用率降低，土壤中毒性元素有效提高，造成作物减产和农产品品质降低，因此土壤调理剂对酸性土壤进行改良是一种有效的途径和方法。my country is a large agricultural country, and agriculture occupies a large proportion in my country's economic development. With the continuous improvement of economic and social development and urbanization level, coupled with the problem of the large population base in our country, the per capita cultivated land area is continuously decreasing and is far below the world average level; this requires us to use modernized Farming methods and agricultural technologies have continuously increased the yield of agricultural products and improved the quality of agricultural products. The improvement of agricultural level is inseparable from the role of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Soil conditioner can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, and its appearance provides effective methods and technologies for solving the above soil problems. Aiming at complex soil problems, reasonable and effective soil improvement has become an urgent problem to be solved in my country's agricultural development. Soil acidification will have a toxic effect on the root system of crops, resulting in reduced crop yield, reduced nutrient availability and fertilizer use efficiency, and an effective increase in toxic elements in the soil, resulting in reduced crop yield and reduced quality of agricultural products. Therefore, soil conditioners are a good way to improve acidic soil effective ways and means.
凹凸棒石，俗称坡缕石，是一种具有土和石特性的非金属矿质资源。它是一种包含层、链结构的纤维状品体，具有较大的比表面积，内含纳米通道，有较强的离子交换能力和良好的吸附性、缓释性、悬浮性。这样独特的物理化学性质造就了其稳定的电化学性和物理的可塑性。做为一种矿质粘土性物质，凹凸棒石具有良好的吸水和保水性，而且其在吸水干燥后不宜缩小，在盐水和高温环境下有较好的稳定性。凹凸棒土还富含植物生长所需的微量元素，例如S，A1，Mg，Fe，K，Ca和Mn等。其蕴含的多种中、微量元素，可以为作物生长提供丰富的营养物质，增加产量、提高品质；凹凸棒的特殊结构让其具有疏松土壤，改善土壤团粒结构，吸附土壤重金属的特性。Attapulgite, commonly known as palygorskite, is a non-metallic mineral resource with soil and stone characteristics. It is a fibrous product with layer and chain structure, has a large specific surface area, contains nano-channels, has strong ion exchange capacity and good adsorption, slow-release and suspension properties. Such unique physical and chemical properties contribute to its stable electrochemical properties and physical plasticity. As a mineral clay substance, attapulgite has good water absorption and water retention, and it should not shrink after water absorption and drying, and has good stability in salt water and high temperature environments. Attapulgite is also rich in trace elements needed for plant growth, such as S, Al, Mg, Fe, K, Ca and Mn, etc. It contains a variety of medium and trace elements, which can provide rich nutrients for crop growth, increase yield and improve quality; the special structure of attapulgite makes it loose soil, improve soil aggregate structure, and absorb heavy metals in soil.
另外，随着经济的发展和人们对肉类产品需求的快速增长，我国屠宰业规模迅速发展，屠宰及加工过程排放的有机废弃物也逐年递增。畜禽血液作为屠宰场有机废弃物，其富含蛋白质、多种氨基酸和生物活性物质，将其进行发酵酶解处理后作为土壤调理剂辅料使用是一种对环境友好的可持续发展的有效解决途径。In addition, with the development of the economy and the rapid growth of people's demand for meat products, the scale of my country's slaughtering industry has developed rapidly, and the organic waste discharged during slaughtering and processing has also increased year by year. As the organic waste of slaughterhouses, livestock and poultry blood is rich in protein, various amino acids and biologically active substances. It is an effective solution for environmentally friendly and sustainable development to use it as a soil conditioner after fermentation and enzymatic treatment. way.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述情况，为弥补上述现有缺陷，本发明提供了一种的多元复合型土壤调理剂及其制备方法，通过应用凹凸棒独特的物化特性将其作为土壤调理剂基料，同时将屠宰厂抹红工段倒控的畜禽血液进行资源化利用，将两者进行有机结合提供了一种改良酸性土壤的土壤调理剂；该土壤调理剂能够改善土壤酸化、土壤板结、疏松土壤，提高土壤育肥保肥及作物抗逆抗病能力，降低土壤重金属污染，进而提高农作物产量，改善农产品品质。In view of the above-mentioned situation, in order to make up for the above-mentioned existing defects, the invention provides a multi-component compound soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, by using the unique physical and chemical characteristics of the attapulgite as the base material of the soil conditioner, and at the same time the slaughterhouse The blood of livestock and poultry that was controlled in the red smearing section is used as a resource, and the organic combination of the two provides a soil conditioner for improving acidic soil; the soil conditioner can improve soil acidification, soil compaction, loose soil, and improve soil fattening. Fertilizer retention and crop resistance to stress and disease, reduce soil heavy metal pollution, thereby increasing crop yields and improving the quality of agricultural products.
本发明提供如下的技术方案：本发明提供了一种多元复合型土壤调理剂，包括凹凸棒粉20～80份、屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物40～80份、黄腐酸钾5～20份和微生物菌剂0.1～2份，其中，凹凸棒粉为市售凹凸棒粉。The present invention provides the following technical solutions: the present invention provides a multi-component compound soil conditioner, including 20-80 parts of attapulgite powder, 40-80 parts of blood adsorption sediment of livestock and poultry in slaughterhouses and 40-80 parts of fermented decomposed matter of edible fungus slag , 5-20 parts of potassium fulvic acid and 0.1-2 parts of microbial agent, wherein the attapulgite powder is commercially available attapulgite powder.
进一步地，所述多元复合型土壤调理剂为pH值8～9的固体粉末。Further, the multi-component compound soil conditioner is a solid powder with a pH value of 8-9.
进一步的，所述屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物为将猪、羊、鸡、鸭或者牛屠宰场的畜禽血液用凹凸棒粉进行吸附沉淀离心过滤之后，与食用菌菌渣混合，并经微生物发酵腐熟剂发酵腐熟得到的产物。Further, the blood adsorption sediment of livestock and poultry in the slaughterhouse and the fermented decomposed matter of edible fungus slag are after the blood of livestock and poultry in the slaughterhouse of pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks or cattle is subjected to adsorption, sedimentation and centrifugation with attapulgite powder, and then mixed with The product obtained by mixing edible mushroom residues and fermenting them with microbial fermentation decomposing agents.
进一步的，所述微生物发酵腐熟剂为微生物菌和生物酶的复配组合物。Further, the microbial fermentation decomposing agent is a compound composition of microbial bacteria and biological enzymes.
进一步地，所述微生物菌包括芽孢杆菌类、放线菌、丝状真菌、光合细菌和木霉菌。Further, the microorganisms include bacillus, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, photosynthetic bacteria and Trichoderma.
进一步地，所述生物酶包括酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性蛋白酶。Further, the biological enzymes include acid protease, amylase and alkaline protease.
进一步的，所述微生物菌剂为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉菌、胶冻样类芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种。Further, the microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus jellylike, and Bacillus megaterium.
同时，本发明还提供了一种多元复合型土壤调理剂的制备方法，具体包括下列步骤：Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of multiple compound soil conditioner, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1)将屠宰场畜禽血液加入其质量0.1～2倍的水，经过滤器过滤除杂，除杂后的液体加入一定量的凹凸棒粉，进行吸附、沉淀、离心、过滤，得到固体滤饼；(1) Add the blood of livestock and poultry from the slaughterhouse to water with a mass of 0.1 to 2 times, filter through a filter to remove impurities, add a certain amount of attapulgite powder to the liquid after removal of impurities, carry out adsorption, precipitation, centrifugation, and filtration to obtain solid filter cake;
(2)将得到的固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比比例进行投料，混合均匀后预堆1～2天，待物料温度升至55℃左右进发酵槽进行发酵，待发酵温度至65℃左右时进行翻堆，此后每隔5～6天进行一次翻堆，直至物料温度下降至保持常温，得到发酵腐熟物；(2) Feed the obtained solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposing agent according to the mass ratio, mix evenly and pre-stack for 1 to 2 days, and wait until the temperature of the material rises to about 55°C and enter the fermentation tank for fermentation. Turn the compost when the fermentation temperature reaches about 65°C, and then turn the compost every 5 to 6 days until the temperature of the material drops to normal temperature to obtain fermented decomposed matter;
(3)将发酵腐熟物用粉碎机进行粉碎，控制物料粒径小于3mm，即得到发酵腐熟物粉末；(3) Pulverize the fermented decomposed matter with a pulverizer, and control the particle size of the material to be less than 3mm, so as to obtain the fermented decomposed matter powder;
(4)将对应重量份数的发酵腐熟物粉末、凹凸棒粉、黄腐酸钾、微生物菌剂按比例进行混合，即得多元复合型土壤调理剂。(4) Mix the fermented decomposed matter powder, attapulgite powder, potassium fulvic acid and microbial agent in proportion to obtain the multi-component compound soil conditioner.
进一步的，步骤(1)中凹凸棒粉是纯度为30％～60％，粒径为80目～200目的市售产品，凹凸棒粉的投加量为畜禽血液质量的5％～15％。Further, in step (1), the attapulgite powder is a commercially available product with a purity of 30% to 60% and a particle size of 80 mesh to 200 mesh, and the dosage of the attapulgite powder is 5% to 15% of the mass of livestock and poultry blood .
进一步的，步骤(2)中固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比(5～30):(70～95):(0.01～0.2)的质量比进行投料。Further, in step (2), the solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposer are fed according to the mass ratio of (5-30):(70-95):(0.01-0.2).
采用上述结构本发明取得的有益效果如下：本发明提出的一种多元复合型土壤调理剂及其制备方法，具有下述优点：The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned structure the present invention obtains is as follows: a kind of multiple compound soil conditioner and preparation method thereof that the present invention proposes has the following advantages:
(1)本发明以凹凸棒与屠宰场畜禽血液发酵产物有机结合，具体利用凹凸棒吸附和离子交换的优异物化特性和对屠宰场畜禽血液进行资源化利用，制备了一种安全、绿色、环保的多元复合型土壤调理剂；(1) The present invention organically combines attapulgite with slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood fermentation products, specifically utilizes the excellent physical and chemical properties of attapulgite adsorption and ion exchange, and utilizes the resource utilization of slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood to prepare a safe, green , Environmentally friendly multi-component compound soil conditioner;
(2)所用凹凸棒为市售提纯产品，无任何重金属，其蕴含的多种中、微量元素，可以为作物生长提供丰富的营养物质，增加产量、提高品质；疏松活化土壤环境、改良硬化土，改善土壤理化性质，降低土壤容重，增加土壤有机质和土壤孔隙度，改善土壤环境，维护农田生态系统稳定；钝化土壤内重金属离子，抑制农作物多种病害发生，有效的防治农作物因为缺素引起的腐烂黄叶、小叶等病害；降低土壤容重，有机质和土壤孔隙度都有很大的提高，改善土壤环境，维护了农田生态系统的稳定；吸附土壤中的重金属离子、放射性元素，加快有害物质的降解，降低土壤因为杀虫剂、灭草剂等有害物质的含量，保障了农产品的绿色安全；(2) The attapulgite used is a commercially available purified product without any heavy metals. The various medium and trace elements contained in it can provide rich nutrients for crop growth, increase yield and improve quality; loosen and activate the soil environment and improve hardened soil , improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, reduce soil bulk density, increase soil organic matter and soil porosity, improve soil environment, maintain the stability of farmland ecosystem; passivate heavy metal ions in soil, inhibit the occurrence of various crop diseases, and effectively prevent crops caused by deficiencies rotten yellow leaves, small leaves and other diseases; reduce soil bulk density, organic matter and soil porosity have greatly improved, improve the soil environment, maintain the stability of the farmland ecosystem; absorb heavy metal ions and radioactive elements in the soil, and accelerate the removal of harmful substances The degradation of the soil reduces the content of harmful substances such as pesticides and herbicides in the soil, ensuring the green safety of agricultural products;
(3)采用微生物发酵腐熟剂对处理之后的畜禽血液与食用菌菌渣进行发酵腐熟，实现了畜禽血液的资源回收利用，具体利用了畜禽血液中富含的蛋白质、多种氨基酸和生物活性物质，将其进行发酵酶解处理后作为土壤调理剂辅料使用是一种对环境友好的可持续发展的有效解决途径。(3) Using microbial fermentation and decomposing agents to ferment and decompose the processed livestock and poultry blood and edible fungus residues, realizing the resource recycling of livestock and poultry blood, specifically utilizing the rich protein, various amino acids and The use of bioactive substances as soil conditioner auxiliary materials after fermentation and enzymolysis treatment is an effective solution for environmentally friendly and sustainable development.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明的实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例；基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1：Example 1:
本实施例提供的一种多元复合型土壤调理剂，包括凹凸棒粉35份，屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物40份，黄腐酸钾8份、微生物菌剂0.1份；所述多元复合型土壤调理剂为pH值8～9的固体粉末；所述的凹凸棒粉为市售产品，从白银润凯商业管理有限公司购买；所述屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物为将猪、羊、鸡、鸭或者牛屠宰场的畜禽血液用凹凸棒粉进行吸附沉淀离心过滤之后，与食用菌菌渣混合，并经微生物发酵腐熟剂发酵腐熟得到的产物；所述微生物发酵腐熟剂由包括芽孢杆菌类、放线菌、丝状真菌、光合细菌、木霉菌、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性蛋白酶在内的微生物菌和生物酶组成；所述微生物菌剂为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉菌、胶冻样类芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种。A multi-component compound soil conditioner provided in this example comprises 35 parts of attapulgite powder, 40 parts of blood adsorption sediment from slaughterhouse livestock and poultry and 40 parts of edible fungus slag fermented decomposed matter, 8 parts of potassium fulvic acid, microbial inoculant 0.1 part; the multi-component compound soil conditioner is a solid powder with a pH value of 8 to 9; the attapulgite powder is a commercially available product, purchased from Baiyin Runkai Commercial Management Co., Ltd.; the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood adsorption Sediment and edible fungus slag fermented decomposed matter is after the blood of livestock and poultry from slaughterhouses of pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks or cattle is adsorbed, precipitated and centrifuged with attapulgite powder, mixed with edible fungus slag, and decomposed by microbial fermentation The product obtained by fermenting and decomposing the agent; the microbial fermentation decomposing agent is composed of microbial bacteria and biological enzymes including bacillus, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, photosynthetic bacteria, Trichoderma, acid protease, amylase and alkaline protease Composition; the microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus jelly-like, and Bacillus megaterium.
本实施例中同时还提供了多元复合型土壤调理剂的制备方法，具体步骤如下：The preparation method of multi-component compound soil conditioner is also provided in the present embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1)屠宰场畜禽血液加入其质量0.1～2倍的水，经过滤器过滤除杂，除杂后的液体加入屠宰场畜禽血液质量5％的纯度为30％、粒径为80目的凹凸棒粉，进行吸附、沉淀、离心、过滤，得到固体滤饼；(1) Add water of 0.1 to 2 times the mass of the livestock and poultry blood in the slaughterhouse, filter it to remove impurities, and add the liquid after the removal of impurities to the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood with a purity of 30% and a particle size of 80 mesh. Rod powder is subjected to adsorption, precipitation, centrifugation and filtration to obtain a solid filter cake;
(2)将得到的固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比5：95：0.01的比例投料，物料混合均匀后预堆1～2天，待物料温度升至55℃左右进发酵槽进行发酵，待发酵温度至65℃左右时进行翻堆，此后每隔5～6天进行一次翻堆，直至物料温度下降至保持常温，得到发酵腐熟物；(2) Feed the obtained solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposing agent in a mass ratio of 5:95:0.01. After the materials are mixed evenly, pre-stack for 1 to 2 days, and wait until the temperature of the materials rises to about 55°C. Enter the fermentation tank for fermentation, turn over the pile when the fermentation temperature reaches about 65°C, and then turn over the pile every 5 to 6 days until the temperature of the material drops to normal temperature to obtain fermented decomposed matter;
(3)发酵腐熟物用粉碎机进行粉碎，控制物料粒径小于3mm，得到发酵腐熟物粉末；(3) The fermented decomposed matter is crushed with a pulverizer, and the particle size of the material is controlled to be less than 3mm to obtain the fermented decomposed matter powder;
(4)发酵腐熟物粉末、凹凸棒粉、黄腐酸钾、微生物菌剂按比例进行混合，即得多元复合型土壤调理剂。(4) Fermented decomposed matter powder, attapulgite powder, potassium fulvic acid, and microbial agent are mixed in proportion to obtain a multi-component compound soil conditioner.
实施例2：Example 2:
本实施例提供的一种多元复合型土壤调理剂，包括凹凸棒40份，屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物45份，黄腐酸钾10份、微生物菌剂0.8份；所述多元复合型土壤调理剂为pH值8～9的固体粉末；所述的凹凸棒粉为市售产品，从白银润凯商业管理有限公司购买；所述屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物为将猪、羊、鸡、鸭或者牛屠宰场的畜禽血液用凹凸棒粉进行吸附沉淀离心过滤之后，与食用菌菌渣混合，并经微生物发酵腐熟剂发酵腐熟得到的产物；所述微生物发酵腐熟剂由包括芽孢杆菌类、放线菌、丝状真菌、光合细菌、木霉菌、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性蛋白酶在内的微生物菌和生物酶组成；所述微生物菌剂为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉菌、胶冻样类芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种。A kind of multi-component compound soil conditioner provided by the present embodiment includes 40 parts of attapulgite, 45 parts of blood adsorption sediment of livestock and poultry in slaughterhouse and 45 parts of fermented decomposed matter of edible fungus slag, 10 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 0.8 parts of microbial inoculant The multi-component compound soil conditioner is a solid powder with a pH value of 8 to 9; the attapulgite powder is a commercially available product, purchased from Baiyin Runkai Commercial Management Co., Ltd.; the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood adsorption precipitation Fermented decomposed matter and edible fungus slag are the livestock and poultry blood from pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks or cattle slaughterhouses, which are adsorbed and precipitated with attapulgite powder, centrifuged and filtered, mixed with edible fungus slag, and fermented by microorganisms. The product obtained by fermentation and decomposing; the microbial fermentation decomposing agent is composed of microbial bacteria and biological enzymes including bacillus, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, photosynthetic bacteria, Trichoderma, acid protease, amylase and alkaline protease ; The microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus jelly-like, and Bacillus megaterium.
本实施例中提供了多元复合型土壤调理剂的制备方法，具体步骤如下：The preparation method of multi-component composite soil conditioner is provided in the present embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1)屠宰场畜禽血液加入其质量0.1～2倍的水，经过滤器过滤除杂，除杂后的液体加入屠宰场畜禽血液质量8％的纯度为45％、粒径为120目的凹凸棒粉，进行吸附、沉淀、离心、过滤，得到固体滤饼；(1) Add water of 0.1 to 2 times the mass of the livestock and poultry blood in the slaughterhouse, filter it to remove impurities, and add the liquid after the removal of impurities to the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood with a mass of 8% and a purity of 45% and a particle size of 120 mesh Rod powder is subjected to adsorption, precipitation, centrifugation and filtration to obtain a solid filter cake;
(2)将得到的固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比10：85：0.08的比例投料，物料混合均匀后预堆1～2天，待物料温度升至55℃左右进发酵槽进行发酵，待发酵温度至65℃左右时进行翻堆，此后每隔5～6天进行一次翻堆，直至物料温度下降至保持常温，得到发酵腐熟物；(2) Feed the obtained solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposing agent in a mass ratio of 10:85:0.08. After the materials are mixed evenly, they are pre-stacked for 1 to 2 days, and the temperature of the materials rises to about 55°C. Enter the fermentation tank for fermentation, turn over the pile when the fermentation temperature reaches about 65°C, and then turn over the pile every 5 to 6 days until the temperature of the material drops to normal temperature to obtain fermented decomposed matter;
(3)发酵腐熟物用粉碎机进行粉碎，控制物料粒径小于3mm，得到发酵腐熟物粉末；(3) The fermented decomposed matter is crushed with a pulverizer, and the particle size of the material is controlled to be less than 3mm to obtain the fermented decomposed matter powder;
(4)发酵腐熟物粉末、凹凸棒粉、黄腐酸钾、微生物菌剂按比例进行混合，即得多元复合型土壤调理剂。(4) Fermented decomposed matter powder, attapulgite powder, potassium fulvic acid, and microbial agent are mixed in proportion to obtain a multi-component compound soil conditioner.
实施例3：Example 3:
本实施例提供的一种多元复合型土壤调理剂，包括凹凸棒50份，屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物50份，黄腐酸钾15份、微生物菌剂1.5份；所述多元复合型土壤调理剂为pH值8～9的固体粉末；所述的凹凸棒粉为市售产品，从白银润凯商业管理有限公司购买；所述屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物为将猪、羊、鸡、鸭或者牛屠宰场的畜禽血液用凹凸棒粉进行吸附沉淀离心过滤之后，与食用菌菌渣混合，并经微生物发酵腐熟剂发酵腐熟得到的产物；所述微生物发酵腐熟剂由包括芽孢杆菌类、放线菌、丝状真菌、光合细菌、木霉菌、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性蛋白酶在内的微生物菌和生物酶组成；所述微生物菌剂为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉菌、胶冻样类芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种。A multi-component compound soil conditioner provided in this example includes 50 parts of attapulgite, 50 parts of blood adsorption sediment of slaughterhouse livestock and poultry and 50 parts of edible fungus slag fermented decomposed matter, 15 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 1.5 parts of microbial inoculum The multi-component compound soil conditioner is a solid powder with a pH value of 8 to 9; the attapulgite powder is a commercially available product, purchased from Baiyin Runkai Commercial Management Co., Ltd.; the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood adsorption precipitation Fermented decomposed matter and edible fungus slag are the livestock and poultry blood from pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks or cattle slaughterhouses, which are adsorbed and precipitated with attapulgite powder, centrifuged and filtered, mixed with edible fungus slag, and fermented by microorganisms. The product obtained by fermentation and decomposing; the microbial fermentation decomposing agent is composed of microbial bacteria and biological enzymes including bacillus, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, photosynthetic bacteria, Trichoderma, acid protease, amylase and alkaline protease ; The microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus jelly-like, and Bacillus megaterium.
本实施例中提供了多元复合型土壤调理剂的制备方法，具体步骤如下：The preparation method of multi-component composite soil conditioner is provided in the present embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1)屠宰场畜禽血液加入其质量0.1～2倍的水，经过滤器过滤除杂，除杂后的液体加入屠宰场畜禽血液质量12％的纯度为55％、粒径为180目的凹凸棒粉，进行吸附、沉淀、离心、过滤，得到固体滤饼。(1) Add water of 0.1 to 2 times the mass of the livestock and poultry blood in the slaughterhouse, filter it to remove impurities, and add the liquid after the removal of impurities to the blood of livestock and poultry in the slaughterhouse. Rod powder is subjected to adsorption, precipitation, centrifugation, and filtration to obtain a solid filter cake.
(2)将得到的固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比15：75：0.1的比例投料，物料混合均匀后预堆1～2天，待物料温度升至55℃左右进发酵槽进行发酵，待发酵温度至65℃左右时进行翻堆，此后每隔5～6天进行一次翻堆，直至物料温度下降至保持常温，得到发酵腐熟物。(2) Feed the obtained solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposing agent in a mass ratio of 15:75:0.1. After the materials are mixed evenly, pre-stack for 1 to 2 days, and wait until the temperature of the materials rises to about 55°C. Enter the fermentation tank for fermentation, turn over when the fermentation temperature reaches about 65°C, and then turn over every 5 to 6 days until the temperature of the material drops to normal temperature to obtain fermented decomposed matter.
(3)发酵腐熟物用粉碎机进行粉碎，控制物料粒径小于3mm，得到发酵腐熟物粉末；(3) The fermented decomposed matter is crushed with a pulverizer, and the particle size of the material is controlled to be less than 3mm to obtain the fermented decomposed matter powder;
(4)发酵腐熟物粉末、凹凸棒粉、黄腐酸钾、微生物菌剂按比例进行混合，即得多元复合型土壤调理剂。(4) Fermented decomposed matter powder, attapulgite powder, potassium fulvic acid, and microbial agent are mixed in proportion to obtain a multi-component compound soil conditioner.
实施例4：Example 4:
本实施例提供的一种多元复合型土壤调理剂，包括凹凸棒60份，屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物60份，黄腐酸钾20份、微生物菌剂2份；所述多元复合型土壤调理剂为pH值8～9的固体粉末；所述的凹凸棒粉为市售产品，从白银润凯商业管理有限公司购买；所述屠宰场畜禽血液吸附沉淀物与食用菌菌渣发酵腐熟物为将猪、羊、鸡、鸭或者牛屠宰场的畜禽血液用凹凸棒粉进行吸附沉淀离心过滤之后，与食用菌菌渣混合，并经微生物发酵腐熟剂发酵腐熟得到的产物；所述微生物发酵腐熟剂由包括芽孢杆菌类、放线菌、丝状真菌、光合细菌、木霉菌、酸性蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性蛋白酶在内的微生物菌和生物酶组成；所述微生物菌剂为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉菌、胶冻样类芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌中的一种或多种。A kind of multi-component compound soil conditioner provided by the present embodiment includes 60 parts of attapulgite, 60 parts of blood adsorption sediment of slaughterhouse livestock and poultry and 60 parts of edible fungus slag fermented decomposed matter, 20 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 2 parts of microbial inoculum The multi-component compound soil conditioner is a solid powder with a pH value of 8 to 9; the attapulgite powder is a commercially available product, purchased from Baiyin Runkai Commercial Management Co., Ltd.; the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood adsorption precipitation Fermented decomposed matter and edible fungus slag are the livestock and poultry blood from pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks or cattle slaughterhouses, which are adsorbed and precipitated with attapulgite powder, centrifuged and filtered, mixed with edible fungus slag, and fermented by microorganisms. The product obtained by fermentation and decomposing; the microbial fermentation decomposing agent is composed of microbial bacteria and biological enzymes including bacillus, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, photosynthetic bacteria, Trichoderma, acid protease, amylase and alkaline protease ; The microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus jelly-like, and Bacillus megaterium.
本实施例中提供了多元复合型土壤调理剂的制备方法，具体步骤如下：The preparation method of multi-component composite soil conditioner is provided in the present embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1)屠宰场畜禽血液加入其质量0.1～2倍的水，经过滤器过滤除杂，除杂后的液体加入屠宰场畜禽血液质量15％的纯度为60％、粒径为200目的凹凸棒粉，进行吸附、沉淀、离心、过滤，得到固体滤饼；(1) Add water of 0.1 to 2 times the mass of the livestock and poultry blood in the slaughterhouse, filter it to remove impurities, and add the liquid after the removal of impurities to the slaughterhouse livestock and poultry blood with a mass of 15%, a purity of 60%, and a particle size of 200 mesh. Rod powder is subjected to adsorption, precipitation, centrifugation and filtration to obtain a solid filter cake;
(2)将得到的固体滤饼、食用菌菌渣、微生物发酵腐熟剂按质量比30：95：0.2的比例投料，物料混合均匀后预堆1～2天，待物料温度升至55℃左右进发酵槽进行发酵，待发酵温度至65℃左右时进行翻堆，此后每隔5～6天进行一次翻堆，直至物料温度下降至保持常温，得到发酵腐熟物；(2) Feed the obtained solid filter cake, edible fungus residue, and microbial fermentation decomposing agent according to the mass ratio of 30:95:0.2. After the materials are mixed evenly, they are pre-stacked for 1 to 2 days, and the temperature of the materials rises to about 55°C. Enter the fermentation tank for fermentation, turn over the pile when the fermentation temperature reaches about 65°C, and then turn over the pile every 5 to 6 days until the temperature of the material drops to normal temperature to obtain fermented decomposed matter;
(3)发酵腐熟物用粉碎机进行粉碎，控制物料粒径小于3mm，得到发酵腐熟物粉末；(3) The fermented decomposed matter is crushed with a pulverizer, and the particle size of the material is controlled to be less than 3mm to obtain the fermented decomposed matter powder;
(4)发酵腐熟物粉末、凹凸棒粉、黄腐酸钾、微生物菌剂按比例进行混合，即得多元复合型土壤调理剂。(4) Fermented decomposed matter powder, attapulgite powder, potassium fulvic acid, and microbial agent are mixed in proportion to obtain a multi-component compound soil conditioner.
本发明多元复合型土壤调理剂可对酸性土壤进行有效改良，促进土壤团粒结构的形成，改良土壤环境，提高肥料利用率。调节土壤的酸碱度，活化疏松土壤，消除土地板结；可为作物提供必需大、中、微量元素；同时能有效防止水土流失，促进水分储备，增强作物根系活力；可显著提高作物的光合作用，促进根系发育和对养分吸收的能力，能提高作物抗逆、抗寒、抗旱，抗病虫害、抗重茬的性能。保花、保果、促早熟，提高产量，改善作物品质。The multi-component composite soil conditioner of the invention can effectively improve acidic soil, promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve soil environment and increase fertilizer utilization rate. Adjust the pH of the soil, activate the loose soil, and eliminate land compaction; it can provide the crops with the necessary macro, medium and trace elements; at the same time, it can effectively prevent soil erosion, promote water storage, and enhance the vitality of the crop root system; it can significantly improve the photosynthesis of crops and promote Root system development and the ability to absorb nutrients can improve crop resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, resistance to diseases and insect pests, and resistance to repeated cropping. Preserve flowers and fruits, promote early maturity, increase yield and improve crop quality.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明实质范围的前提下，还可以做出若干变化、改型、添加或者替换，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Several changes, modifications, additions or substitutions, these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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