技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗分析技术领域，尤其涉及一种体外心血管脉动模拟装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical analysis, in particular to an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device.
背景技术Background technique
人体的血液循环系统非常复杂，体外模拟系统能模拟人体自然血液循环系统的各种特征，包括搏动、血管的顺应性与外周阻力等，建立与人体血液循环系统相类似的宏观血流动力学环境，也能为心血管介入器械的性能测试提供一个模拟平台。体外心血管循环装置可在一定程度上替代费时和昂贵的动物实验。The blood circulation system of the human body is very complex. The in vitro simulation system can simulate various characteristics of the natural blood circulation system of the human body, including pulsation, blood vessel compliance and peripheral resistance, etc., and establish a macroscopic hemodynamic environment similar to the human blood circulation system. It can also provide a simulation platform for performance testing of cardiovascular interventional devices. Extracorporeal cardiovascular circulation devices can replace time-consuming and expensive animal experiments to a certain extent.
现有用于实验测试的体外心血管模拟装置，多采用电动泵作为输出动力源，以脉动输出液量来模拟血管的生理脉动，其成本较低且易于维护。但其输出流量范围具有一定的局限性，且脉动频率较低，输出实时压力脉动的波形误差大，不能精确模拟人体生理状态，使模拟装置达不到预设的试验条件，且大部分模拟装置需针对试验条件定制设计，装置通用性较差。Existing in vitro cardiovascular simulators for experimental testing mostly use electric pumps as the output power source, simulating the physiological pulsation of blood vessels with pulsating output volume, which is low in cost and easy to maintain. However, its output flow range has certain limitations, and the pulsation frequency is low. The waveform error of the real-time output pressure pulsation is large, and it cannot accurately simulate the physiological state of the human body, so that the simulation device cannot meet the preset test conditions, and most of the simulation devices need to be customized for the test conditions. The universality of the device is poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种体外心血管脉动模拟装置，可以较高频率与较大脉动压力范围输出脉动，脉动输出控制精度高，可以精确模拟心血管系统内各类血管的生理脉动状态，具有操作便捷，调节灵活，通用性强以及干扰因素少等特点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device, which can output pulsations at a relatively high frequency and within a relatively large pulsation pressure range, and has high control precision of the pulsation output, can accurately simulate the physiological pulsation state of various blood vessels in the cardiovascular system, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, flexible adjustment, strong versatility, and few interference factors.
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种体外心血管脉动模拟装置，包括体外心血管模型、脉动输出机构及储液机构，所述储液机构用于向所述脉动输出机构输送模拟血液，所述脉动输出机构用于对所述模拟血液进行震荡并将震荡后的模拟血液输送给所述体外心血管模型，所述体外心血管模型具有人体心血管系统的各种模拟血管，所述体外心血管模型还与所述储液机构连通以将所述模拟血液回送给所述储液机构；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device, comprising an in vitro cardiovascular model, a pulsation output mechanism and a liquid storage mechanism, the liquid storage mechanism is used to deliver simulated blood to the pulsation output mechanism, the pulsation output mechanism is used to oscillate the simulated blood and deliver the oscillated simulated blood to the in vitro cardiovascular model, the in vitro cardiovascular model has various simulated blood vessels of the human cardiovascular system, and the in vitro cardiovascular model is also communicated with the liquid storage mechanism to return the simulated blood to the liquid storage mechanism;
其中，所述脉动输出机构包括驱动组件、柔性件及脉动岐盘，所述脉动岐盘具有一容纳腔，所述柔性件位于所述容纳腔内并将所述容纳腔分隔为第一腔室及第二腔室，所述第一腔室具有连通所述储液机构的进液口以及连通所述体外心血管模型的出液口，所述驱动组件具有一输出轴，所述输出轴伸入所述第二腔室内并与所述柔性件连接，通过驱使所述输出轴沿轴向做往复运动以驱使所述柔性件产生形变而改变所述第一腔室的体积，从而对进入所述第一腔室的模拟血液进行震荡。Wherein, the pulsating output mechanism includes a driving assembly, a flexible member, and a pulsating tray. The pulsating tray has a housing chamber, the flexible member is located in the housing chamber and divides the housing chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber has a liquid inlet connected to the liquid storage mechanism and a liquid outlet connected to the in vitro cardiovascular model. The drive assembly has an output shaft, and the output shaft extends into the second chamber and is connected to the flexible member. The volume of the first chamber is changed, so as to vibrate the simulated blood entering the first chamber.
可选的，所述驱动组件为线性驱动电机。Optionally, the drive assembly is a linear drive motor.
可选的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括控制器及液压传感器，所述控制器、所述液压传感器及所述线性驱动电机通信连接并构成PID控制回路，所述液压传感器用于采集所述第一腔室内的模拟血液的实时压力并发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据所述实时压力及预设压力调节所述线性驱动电机的工作参数，进而调节所述输出轴的速率及行程。Optionally, the extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a controller and a hydraulic sensor. The controller, the hydraulic sensor, and the linear drive motor are connected in communication to form a PID control loop. The hydraulic sensor is used to collect the real-time pressure of the simulated blood in the first chamber and send it to the controller. The controller adjusts the working parameters of the linear drive motor according to the real-time pressure and the preset pressure, and then adjusts the speed and stroke of the output shaft.
可选的，所述脉动岐盘包括岐盘本体及保护外壳，所述岐盘本体具有中心凹槽，所述保护外壳呈帽状，且所述保护外壳的主体部分朝靠近所述脉动输出机构的方向凸起，所述保护外壳的帽檐部分与所述岐盘本体气密性连接，所述主体部分的空腔与所述中心凹槽相对设置并围合出所述容纳腔。Optionally, the pulsation disc includes a disc body and a protective shell, the disc body has a central groove, the protective shell is cap-shaped, and the main body of the protective shell protrudes toward the direction close to the pulsation output mechanism, the brim part of the protective shell is airtightly connected with the disc body, and the cavity of the main body is arranged opposite to the central groove and encloses the accommodation cavity.
可选的，所述柔性件呈帽状，所述柔性件的主体部分朝靠近所述脉动输出机构的方向凸出并与所述输出轴连接，所述岐盘本体上还开设有密封槽，所述柔性件的帽檐部分嵌于所述密封槽内且位于所述岐盘本体与所述保护外壳的帽檐部分的连接处之间。Optionally, the flexible member is in the shape of a cap, the main body of the flexible member protrudes toward the direction of the pulsation output mechanism and is connected to the output shaft, the disc body is also provided with a sealing groove, the brim part of the flexible member is embedded in the sealing groove and is located between the junction of the disc body and the brim part of the protective shell.
可选的，所述岐盘本体上还开设有若干与所述第一腔室连通的排气口。Optionally, several exhaust ports communicating with the first chamber are opened on the tray body.
可选的，所述储液机构包括储液容器及设置在所述储液容器内的有加热组件、温度传感器及液位传感器，所述储液容器内存储有所述模拟血液，所述加热组件用于对所述模拟血液进行加热，所述温度传感器用于采集所述模拟血液的温度，所述液位传感器用于测量所述模拟血液的液位。Optionally, the liquid storage mechanism includes a liquid storage container and a heating assembly, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor arranged in the liquid storage container, the simulated blood is stored in the liquid storage container, the heating assembly is used to heat the simulated blood, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the simulated blood, and the liquid level sensor is used to measure the liquid level of the simulated blood.
可选的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括增压机构，所述增压机构用于调控所述模拟血液所处环境的基础压力，所述增压机构包括空气压缩机、气体管道、调节阀及单向导气阀，所述空气压缩机通过所述气体管道与所述储液容器连通，所述调节阀设置在所述气体管道上并用于调节压缩气体的流量，所述单向导气阀设置在所述气体管道或所述储液容器的进气口处。Optionally, the extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a booster mechanism, which is used to regulate the basic pressure of the environment where the simulated blood is located. The booster mechanism includes an air compressor, a gas pipeline, a regulating valve, and a one-way gas valve. The air compressor communicates with the liquid storage container through the gas pipeline. The regulating valve is arranged on the gas pipeline and is used to adjust the flow rate of compressed gas.
可选的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括蠕动泵，所述蠕动泵的输入端与所述储液容器连通，输出端与所述第一腔室的进液口连通，所述蠕动泵用于抽取所述储液容器内的模拟血液并输送给所述第一腔室。Optionally, the extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a peristaltic pump, the input end of the peristaltic pump communicates with the liquid storage container, and the output end communicates with the liquid inlet of the first chamber, and the peristaltic pump is used to draw the simulated blood in the liquid storage container and deliver it to the first chamber.
可选的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括工作台以及设置在所述工作台上的第一支撑组件及第二支撑组件，所述第一支撑组件用于安装并调节所述驱动组件的高度，所述第二支撑组件用于安装并调节所述脉动岐盘的高度，以使所述驱动组件与所述脉动岐盘的中心等高。Optionally, the in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a workbench and a first support assembly and a second support assembly arranged on the workbench, the first support assembly is used to install and adjust the height of the drive assembly, and the second support assembly is used to install and adjust the height of the pulsation disc, so that the drive assembly is at the same height as the center of the pulsation disc.
在本发明提供的体外心血管脉动模拟装置中，当通过驱使所述输出轴沿轴向做往复运动时，与所述输出轴连接固定的柔性件受到往复的轴向挤压与拉伸，进而使得所述第一腔室的体积发生改变，以使得所述第一腔室中的模拟血液会脉出至所述体外心血管模型中的血管内，以及使得所述模拟血液由所述储液机构脉入所述第一腔室内，所述模拟血液的脉出及脉入会导致瞬时的流量差从而形成液压差，使所述模拟血液对所述体外心血管模型的血管形成具有舒张压与收缩压的脉动循环，从而模拟出人体血管的生理脉动。同时，所述模拟血液在所述储液机构、所述脉动输出机构及所述体外心血管模型之间循环流通，能够在体外真实重现血流循环，实现周期性收缩舒张脉动。In the in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device provided by the present invention, when the output shaft is driven to reciprocate in the axial direction, the flexible member connected and fixed to the output shaft is subjected to reciprocating axial extrusion and stretching, thereby causing the volume of the first chamber to change, so that the simulated blood in the first chamber will pulse out into the blood vessels in the in vitro cardiovascular model, and the simulated blood will be pulsed into the first chamber from the liquid storage mechanism. The blood vessels of the in vitro cardiovascular model form a pulsating cycle with diastolic pressure and systolic pressure, thereby simulating the physiological pulsation of human blood vessels. At the same time, the simulated blood circulates among the liquid storage mechanism, the pulsation output mechanism and the in vitro cardiovascular model, which can truly reproduce the blood circulation in vitro and realize periodic systolic and diastolic pulsations.
附图说明Description of drawings
本领域的普通技术人员将会理解，提供的附图用于更好地理解本发明，而不对本发明的范围构成任何限定。其中：Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the provided drawings are for better understanding of the present invention, but do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. in:
图1为本发明实施例提供的体外心血管脉动模拟装置的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的脉动输出机构的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsation output mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的储液机构的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid storage mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的增压机构的示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressurization mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
附图中：In the attached picture:
10-体外心血管模型；20-脉动输出机构；21-驱动组件；22-柔性件；23-脉动岐盘；30-储液机构；31-储液容器；32-加热组件；33-温度传感器；34-液位传感器；40-液压传感器；50-进液管道；51-出液管道；60-蠕动泵；70-增压机构；71- 空气压缩机；72-气体管道；73-单向导气阀；74-电磁阀；75-减压阀；80-工作台； 81-第一支撑组件；82-第二支撑组件；10-in vitro cardiovascular model; 20-pulsation output mechanism; 21-drive assembly; 22-flexible parts; 23-pulsation disk; 30-liquid storage mechanism; 31-liquid storage container; 32-heating component; ; 74-solenoid valve; 75-pressure reducing valve; 80-workbench; 81-first support assembly; 82-second support assembly;
210-输出轴；211-电机底座；212-电机外壳；213-电机定子；214-电机定子底座；215-电机动子；216-电机动子法兰；217-交叉滚子直线导轨；218-散热网； 219-联轴器；220-活塞；230-第一腔室；231-第二腔室；232-进液口；233-出液口； 234-岐盘本体；235-保护外壳；236-排气口；310-加液口；311-回液口；312-排液口；400-液压传感器接口；810-电机台架底板；811-支撑轴；820-岐盘底座；821- 岐盘支撑板；822-岐盘支撑梁。210-output shaft; 211-motor base; 212-motor housing; 213-motor stator; 214-motor stator base; 215-motor mover; 216-motor mover flange; 217-cross roller linear guide; 234-Disc body; 235-Protection shell; 236-Exhaust port; 310-Liquid filling port; 311-Return port; 312-Drain port; 400-Hydraulic sensor interface;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、优点和特征更加清楚，以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且未按比例绘制，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。此外，附图所展示的结构往往是实际结构的一部分。特别的，各附图需要展示的侧重点不同，有时会采用不同的比例。In order to make the purpose, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in very simplified form and not drawn to scale, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the structures shown in the drawings are often a part of the actual structures. In particular, each drawing needs to display different emphases, and sometimes uses different scales.
如在本发明中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象，除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本发明中所使用的，术语“或”通常是以包括“和/或”的含义而进行使用的，除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本发明中所使用的，术语“若干”通常是以包括“至少一个”的含义而进行使用的，除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本发明中所使用的，术语“至少两个”通常是以包括“两个或两个以上”的含义而进行使用的，除非内容另外明确指出外。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者至少两个该特征。As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in the present invention, the term "several" is generally used in the meaning including "at least one", unless the content clearly states otherwise. As used in the present invention, the term "at least two" is generally used in the meaning including "two or more", unless the content clearly states otherwise. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of these features.
图1为本发明实施例提供的体外心血管脉动模拟装置的结构示意图；图2为本发明实施例提供的脉动输出机构的结构示意图；图3为本发明实施例提供的储液机构的结构示意图；图4为本发明实施例提供的增压机构的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pulsation output mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a liquid storage mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a booster mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
请参照图1-图2，本实施例提供了一种体外心血管脉动模拟装置，包括体外心血管模型10、脉动输出机构20及储液机构30，所述储液机构30用于向所述脉动输出机构20输送模拟血液，所述脉动输出机构20用于对所述模拟血液进行震荡并将震荡后的模拟血液输送给所述体外心血管模型10，所述体外心血管模型10具有人体心血管系统的各种模拟血管，所述体外心血管模型10还与所述储液机构30连通以将所述模拟血液回送给所述储液机构30；Referring to FIGS. 1-2 , this embodiment provides an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device, including an in vitro cardiovascular model 10, a pulsation output mechanism 20, and a liquid storage mechanism 30. The liquid storage mechanism 30 is used to deliver simulated blood to the pulsation output mechanism 20. The pulsation output mechanism 20 is used to oscillate the simulated blood and deliver the oscillated simulated blood to the in vitro cardiovascular model 10. The in vitro cardiovascular model 10 has various simulated blood vessels of the human cardiovascular system. returning the simulated blood to the liquid storage mechanism 30;
其中，所述脉动输出机构20包括驱动组件21、柔性件22及脉动岐盘23，所述脉动岐盘23具有一容纳腔，所述柔性件22位于所述容纳腔内并将所述容纳腔分隔为第一腔室230及第二腔室231，所述第一腔室230具有连通所述储液机构30的进液口232以及连通所述体外心血管模型10的出液口233，所述驱动组件21具有一输出轴210，所述输出轴210伸入所述第二腔室231内并与所述柔性件22连接，通过驱使所述输出轴210沿轴向做往复运动以驱使所述柔性件 22产生形变而改变所述第一腔室230的体积，从而对进入所述第一腔室230的模拟血液进行震荡。Wherein, the pulsating output mechanism 20 includes a driving assembly 21, a flexible member 22 and a pulsating tray 23. The pulsating tray 23 has a housing chamber. The flexible member 22 is located in the housing chamber and divides the housing chamber into a first chamber 230 and a second chamber 231. The first chamber 230 has a liquid inlet 232 connected to the liquid storage mechanism 30 and a liquid outlet 233 connected to the in vitro cardiovascular model 10. The drive assembly 21 has an output shaft 210. The shaft 210 protrudes into the second chamber 231 and is connected with the flexible member 22. The volume of the first chamber 230 is changed by driving the output shaft 210 to reciprocate in the axial direction to drive the flexible member 22 to deform, so as to oscillate the simulated blood entering the first chamber 230.
本申请的工作原理为：当通过驱使所述输出轴210沿轴向做往复运动时，与所述输出轴210连接固定的柔性件22受到往复的轴向挤压与拉伸，进而使得所述第一腔室230的体积发生改变，以使得所述第一腔室230中的模拟血液会脉出至所述体外心血管模型10中的血管内，以及使得所述模拟血液由所述储液机构30脉入所述第一腔室230内，所述模拟血液的脉出及脉入会导致瞬时的流量差从而形成液压差，使所述模拟血液对所述体外心血管模型10的血管形成具有舒张压与收缩压的脉动循环，从而模拟出人体血管的生理脉动。The working principle of the present application is: when the output shaft 210 is driven to reciprocate in the axial direction, the flexible member 22 connected and fixed with the output shaft 210 is subjected to reciprocating axial extrusion and stretching, thereby causing the volume of the first chamber 230 to change, so that the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 will pulse out into the blood vessels in the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 , and the simulated blood will be pulsed into the first chamber 230 by the liquid storage mechanism 30 . It will cause instantaneous flow difference to form a hydraulic pressure difference, so that the simulated blood forms a pulsating cycle with diastolic pressure and systolic pressure on the blood vessels of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 , thereby simulating the physiological pulsation of human blood vessels.
例如，往复轴向运动中当所述输出轴210向前运动挤压所述柔性件22时会使所述第一腔室230的体积减小，所述第一腔室230内的模拟血液脉出至所述体外心血管模型10中的血管中，所述模拟血液的脉出会导致瞬时的流量差从而形成液压差，使所述模拟血液对所述血管内壁产生瞬时的收缩压，当往复轴向运动中所述输出轴210向后运动拉伸所述柔性件22时会使所述第一腔室230的体积增大，所述模拟血液由所述储液机构30进入所述第一腔室230，所述模拟血液的脉入会导致瞬时的流量差从而形成液压差，使所述模拟血液对所述血管内壁产生瞬时的舒张压。因此，所述柔性件22往复循环的轴向运动可以对所述体外心血管模型10的血管形成具有舒张压与收缩压的脉动循环，从而模拟人体血管的生理脉动。同时，所述模拟血液在所述储液机构30、所述脉动输出机构20 及所述体外心血管模型10之间循环流通，能够在体外真实重现血流循环，实现周期性收缩舒张脉动。For example, during the reciprocating axial movement, when the output shaft 210 moves forward and squeezes the flexible member 22, the volume of the first chamber 230 will decrease, and the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 will pulse out to the blood vessels in the in vitro cardiovascular model 10. 30 increases in volume, the simulated blood enters the first chamber 230 from the liquid storage mechanism 30, and the pulsation of the simulated blood will cause an instantaneous flow difference to form a hydraulic pressure difference, causing the simulated blood to generate instantaneous diastolic pressure on the inner wall of the blood vessel. Therefore, the reciprocating axial movement of the flexible member 22 can form a pulsation cycle with diastolic pressure and systolic pressure on the blood vessels of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 , thereby simulating the physiological pulsation of human blood vessels. At the same time, the simulated blood circulates among the liquid storage mechanism 30 , the pulsation output mechanism 20 and the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 , which can truly reproduce the blood flow circulation in vitro and realize periodic systolic and diastolic pulsations.
因此，本发明可根据试验需求对所述输出轴210的运行速率及行程进行调节，进而可以较高频率与较大脉动压力范围输出脉动，脉动输出控制精度高，可以精确模拟心血管系统内各类血管的生理脉动状态，具有操作便捷，调节灵活，通用性强以及干扰因素少等特点。Therefore, the present invention can adjust the running speed and stroke of the output shaft 210 according to the test requirements, and then can output pulsation at a relatively high frequency and a relatively large pulsating pressure range. The pulsation output control precision is high, and the physiological pulsation state of various blood vessels in the cardiovascular system can be accurately simulated. It has the characteristics of convenient operation, flexible adjustment, strong versatility, and few interference factors.
具体的，本实施例中，所述体外心血管模型10是由各种动静脉主干或分支构成的心血管模型，血管通常由硅胶等软性透明材料制成，且其具有与人体真实血管壁近似的顺应性。所述体外心血管模型10的血管前端与所述第一腔室230 的出液口233连通，所述体外心血管模型10的血管末端与所述储液机构30的回液口连通。Specifically, in this embodiment, the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 is a cardiovascular model composed of various arteriovenous trunks or branches, and blood vessels are usually made of soft transparent materials such as silica gel, and have a compliance similar to the real blood vessel wall of the human body. The front end of the blood vessel of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 communicates with the liquid outlet 233 of the first chamber 230 , and the end of the blood vessel of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 communicates with the liquid return port of the liquid storage mechanism 30 .
本实施例中，所述驱动组件21为线性驱动电机，通过调节所述线性驱动电机的工作电流的方向，能够驱使所述输出轴210沿轴向做往复运动。线性驱动电机结构简单，不需要经过中间转换机构而直接产生直线运动，使结构大大简化，运动惯量减少，动态响应性能和定位精度大大提高，同时也提高了可靠性。并且，线性驱动电机易于调节和控制，通过调节电压或频率，可以得到不同的速度和电磁推力，适用于低速往复运行的场合。当然，所述驱动组件21也可以采用其它的电机进行驱动，可配合丝杆螺母机构/丝杆滑块机构进行传动，来将所述电机的旋转运动变换为直线运动，进而驱使所述输出轴210沿轴向做往复运动。In this embodiment, the drive assembly 21 is a linear drive motor, and the output shaft 210 can be driven to reciprocate in the axial direction by adjusting the direction of the working current of the linear drive motor. The structure of the linear drive motor is simple, and it does not need to go through an intermediate conversion mechanism to directly generate linear motion, which greatly simplifies the structure, reduces the motion inertia, greatly improves the dynamic response performance and positioning accuracy, and also improves the reliability. Moreover, the linear drive motor is easy to adjust and control. By adjusting the voltage or frequency, different speeds and electromagnetic thrusts can be obtained, which is suitable for low-speed reciprocating operations. Of course, the driving assembly 21 can also be driven by other motors, which can be driven by a screw nut mechanism/screw slider mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion, and then drive the output shaft 210 to reciprocate in the axial direction.
进一步的，请参照图1及图2，所述线性驱动电机为音圈直线电机，所述音圈直线电机包括电机底座211、电机外壳212、电机定子213、电机定子底座214、电机动子215、电机动子法兰216、所述输出轴210及两个交叉滚子直线导轨 217，所述电机外壳212上安装有散热网218，所述电机动子法兰216安装在所述电机动子215的端面上，两个所述交叉滚子直线导轨217分别设置在所述电机动子215的底部两侧并支撑所述电机动子215，且所述交叉滚子直线导轨217 包括固定部及移动部，所述固定部与所述电机底座211螺纹连接，所述移动部与电机动子法兰216螺纹连接，所述移动部能够相对所述固定部滑动，从而使得所述电机动子法兰216与电机底座211形成滑动副。所述输出轴210的一端通过一联轴器219与电机动子法兰216连接，所述输出轴210的另一端通过活塞 220与所述柔性件22螺纹连接。驱动所述音圈直线电机运行时，所述电机动子 215按设定的频率做轴向往复运动，带动所述电机动子法兰216相对所述电机底座211往复滑动，所述电机动子法兰216往复滑动带动所述输出轴210做轴向往复运动，所述输出轴210带动所述活塞220沿轴向往复运动，进而挤压或拉伸所述柔性件22，从而对进入所述第一腔室230内的模拟血液进行高频率震荡运动。Further, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the linear drive motor is a voice coil linear motor, and the voice coil linear motor includes a motor base 211, a motor housing 212, a motor stator 213, a motor stator base 214, a motor mover 215, a motor mover flange 216, the output shaft 210 and two crossed roller linear guides 217, a heat dissipation net 218 is installed on the motor housing 212, and the motor mover flange 216 is installed on the motor mover 215 On the end face, the two crossed roller linear guides 217 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the motor mover 215 and support the motor mover 215, and the crossed roller linear guides 217 include a fixed part and a moving part, the fixed part is screwed to the motor base 211, the moving part is screwed to the motor mover flange 216, and the moving part can slide relative to the fixed part, so that the motor mover flange 216 and the motor base 211 form a sliding pair. One end of the output shaft 210 is connected to the motor rotor flange 216 through a coupling 219, and the other end of the output shaft 210 is screwed to the flexible member 22 through a piston 220. When the voice coil linear motor is driven to run, the motor mover 215 reciprocates axially at a set frequency, driving the motor mover flange 216 to reciprocate and slide relative to the motor base 211, and the reciprocating sliding motion of the motor mover flange 216 drives the output shaft 210 to reciprocate in the axial direction, and the output shaft 210 drives the piston 220 to reciprocate in the axial direction, and then squeezes or stretches the flexible member 22, so that the simulated blood entering the first chamber 230 performs a high-frequency oscillation motion.
本实施例中，所述电机动子215上安装有线圈，当给所述线圈施加电压时在所述线圈里产生电流，进而在线圈上产生与电流成比例的力，使线圈在气隙内沿轴向运动，通过改变线圈的电流方向决定所述输出轴210运动方向，进而驱使电机动子215按设定的频率做轴向往复运动，实现所述输出轴210的轴向往复运动。In this embodiment, a coil is installed on the motor mover 215. When a voltage is applied to the coil, a current is generated in the coil, and then a force proportional to the current is generated on the coil, so that the coil moves axially in the air gap. The direction of motion of the output shaft 210 is determined by changing the current direction of the coil, and then the motor mover 215 is driven to perform axial reciprocating motion at a set frequency to realize the axial reciprocating motion of the output shaft 210.
进一步的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括控制器及液压传感器40，所述控制器、所述液压传感器40及所述线性驱动电机通信连接并构成PID控制回路，所述液压传感器40用于采集所述第一腔室230内的模拟血液的实时压力并发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据所述实时压力及预设压力反馈调节所述线性驱动电机的工作参数，进而调节所述输出轴210的速率及行程，从而提高所述模拟血液的脉动输出的控制精度，精确模拟心血管系统内各类血管的生理脉动状态。Further, the extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a controller and a hydraulic sensor 40. The controller, the hydraulic sensor 40, and the linear drive motor are connected in communication to form a PID control loop. The hydraulic sensor 40 is used to collect the real-time pressure of the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 and send it to the controller. The controller adjusts the working parameters of the linear drive motor according to the real-time pressure and preset pressure feedback, and then adjusts the speed and stroke of the output shaft 210, thereby improving the control accuracy of the pulsation output of the simulated blood and accurately simulating the flow of various blood vessels in the cardiovascular system. Physiological pulsation state.
本实施例中，所述脉动岐盘23上设有与所述第一腔室230连通的液压传感器接口400，所述液压传感器40安装在所述液压传感器接口400上，以便于采集所述第一腔室230内的模拟血液的实时压力。In this embodiment, the pulsation disc 23 is provided with a hydraulic sensor interface 400 communicating with the first chamber 230 , and the hydraulic sensor 40 is installed on the hydraulic sensor interface 400 so as to collect the real-time pressure of the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 .
本实施例对所述控制器的种类没有特别的限制，可以是执行逻辑运算的硬件，例如，单片机、微处理器、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC，Programmable Logic Controller)或者现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA，Field-Programmable Gate Array)，或者是在硬件基础上的实现上述功能的软件程序、功能模块、函数、目标库 (Object Libraries)或动态链接库(Dynamic-Link Libraries)。此外，本领域的技术人员应当知晓如何具体实现控制器与其他设备间的通信。In this embodiment, the type of the controller is not particularly limited, and it can be hardware that performs logical operations, such as a single-chip microcomputer, a microprocessor, a programmable logic controller (PLC, Programmable Logic Controller) or a field programmable logic gate array (FPGA, Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a software program, functional module, function, object library (Object Libraries) or dynamic link library (Dynamic-Link Libraries) that realizes the above-mentioned functions on the basis of hardware. In addition, those skilled in the art should know how to implement the communication between the controller and other devices.
请继续参照图1及图2，所述脉动岐盘23包括岐盘本体234及保护外壳235，所述岐盘本体234具有中心凹槽，所述保护外壳235呈帽状，且所述保护外壳235的主体部分朝靠近所述脉动输出机构20的方向凸起，所述保护外壳 235的帽檐部分与所述岐盘本体234气密性连接，所述主体部分的空腔与所述中心凹槽相对设置并围合出所述容纳腔。可以理解为，所述保护外壳235的帽檐部分扣合在所述岐盘本体234上，所述主体部分的空腔与所述中心凹槽共同组成所述容纳腔。1 and 2, the pulsating disc 23 includes a disc body 234 and a protective shell 235, the disc body 234 has a central groove, the protective shell 235 is cap-shaped, and the main body of the protective shell 235 protrudes toward the direction close to the pulse output mechanism 20, the brim part of the protective shell 235 is airtightly connected with the disc body 234, the cavity of the main body is arranged opposite to the central groove and surrounds the accommodating chamber. It can be understood that, the brim portion of the protective shell 235 is fastened on the disc body 234 , and the cavity of the main body and the central groove together form the accommodating cavity.
本实施例中，所述脉动岐盘23内的第一腔室230具有进液口232及出液口 233，所述进液口232及出液口233均开设在所述岐盘本体234上且连通所述第一腔室230，所述进液口232通过进液管道50连通所述储液机构30，所述出液口233通过出液管道51连通所述体外心血管模型10，所述储液机构30提供的模拟血液由所述进液管道50及所述进液口232进入所述第一腔室230，然后经高频率震荡运动后从所述出液口233及所述出液管道51进入所述体外心血管模型10的血管中。In this embodiment, the first chamber 230 in the pulsating disc 23 has a liquid inlet 232 and a liquid outlet 233, and the liquid inlet 232 and the liquid outlet 233 are both set on the disc body 234 and communicate with the first chamber 230. The blood enters the first chamber 230 from the liquid inlet pipe 50 and the liquid inlet port 232 , and then enters the blood vessels of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 through the liquid outlet port 233 and the liquid outlet pipe 51 after undergoing high-frequency oscillating motion.
本实施例中，所述第一腔室230的进液口232及出液口233处分别设置有球阀，用于控制所述进液口232及所述出液口233的开闭。In this embodiment, the liquid inlet 232 and the liquid outlet 233 of the first chamber 230 are respectively provided with ball valves for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid inlet 232 and the liquid outlet 233 .
本实施例中，所述岐盘本体234呈圆盘形，其中心开设有圆形凹槽。In this embodiment, the disc body 234 is in the shape of a disc with a circular groove in its center.
本实施例中，所述保护外壳235的主体部分呈圆柱形，帽檐部分环绕设置在所述主体部分的一端，所述主体部分为中空结构，且所述主体部分的空腔与所述中心凹槽相对设置并围合出所述容纳腔。当然，所述保护外壳235还可以采用其它的形状，例如其主体部分和/或所述帽檐部分为方形柱体，本申请对此不作任何限制。In this embodiment, the main part of the protective shell 235 is cylindrical, and the visor part is arranged around one end of the main part. The main part is a hollow structure, and the cavity of the main part is arranged opposite to the central groove and encloses the accommodating cavity. Of course, the protective shell 235 can also adopt other shapes, for example, the main body part and/or the visor part of the hat is a square cylinder, which is not limited in this application.
进一步的，所述柔性件22呈帽状，所述柔性件22的主体部分朝靠近所述脉动输出机构20的方向凸出并与所述输出轴210连接，所述柔性件22的帽檐部分与所述岐盘本体234气密性连接。本实施例中，所述柔性件22的主体部分呈圆柱形，帽檐部分环绕设置在所述主体部分的一端，所述柔性件22位于所述容纳腔内并将所述容纳腔分隔为第一腔室230及第二腔室231。Further, the flexible member 22 is in the shape of a hat, the main part of the flexible member 22 protrudes toward the direction close to the pulse output mechanism 20 and is connected with the output shaft 210 , and the brim part of the flexible member 22 is airtightly connected with the disc body 234 . In this embodiment, the main body of the flexible member 22 is cylindrical, and the brim portion is disposed around one end of the main body. The flexible member 22 is located in the accommodation chamber and divides the accommodation chamber into a first chamber 230 and a second chamber 231 .
更进一步的，所述柔性件22的帽檐部分位于所述保护外壳235的帽檐部分与所述岐盘本体234之间，所述保护外壳235的帽檐部分、所述柔性件22的帽檐部分及所述岐盘本体234上对应开设有若干连接孔，可通过螺栓等紧固件从外向内依次贯穿所述保护外壳235和所述柔性件22上对应的连接孔后旋入所述岐盘本体234的连接孔内，以同时实现所述保护外壳235与所述柔性件22的安装固定。Furthermore, the brim part of the flexible part 22 is located between the brim part of the protective shell 235 and the disc body 234, the brim part of the protective shell 235, the brim part of the flexible part 22 and the disc body 234 are correspondingly provided with a number of connecting holes, which can be screwed into the connecting holes of the disc body 234 through the corresponding connecting holes of the protective shell 235 and the flexible part 22 through fasteners such as bolts from the outside to the inside, and then screwed into the connecting holes of the disc body 234 to simultaneously realize the protection shell 235. 35 is fixed to the installation of the flexible member 22.
本实施例中，所述连接孔为6个，6个所述连接孔沿所述保护外壳235的帽檐部分的周向呈环形且均匀分布。当然，本申请对于所述连接孔的数量以及分布方式不作限制。In this embodiment, there are 6 connection holes, and the 6 connection holes are annular and evenly distributed along the circumference of the visor of the protective shell 235 . Of course, the present application does not limit the number and distribution of the connecting holes.
更进一步的，所述岐盘本体234上还开设有密封槽，所述柔性件22的帽檐部分嵌于所述密封槽内且位于所述岐盘本体234与所述保护外壳235的帽檐部分的连接处之间。所述柔性件的帽檐部分可作为所述岐盘本体234与所述保护外壳235之间的密封圈，以保证所述岐盘本体234与所述保护外壳235气密性连接，进而保证所述容纳腔的气密性。本实施例中，所述密封槽的形状与所述柔性件22的帽檐部分的形状相匹配，例如呈环形。Further, the disc body 234 is also provided with a sealing groove, and the visor of the flexible member 22 is embedded in the sealing groove and is located between the junction of the disc body 234 and the visor of the protective shell 235 . The brim portion of the flexible member can be used as a sealing ring between the disc body 234 and the protective shell 235 to ensure the airtight connection between the disc body 234 and the protective shell 235 , thereby ensuring the airtightness of the accommodating cavity. In this embodiment, the shape of the sealing groove matches the shape of the visor of the flexible member 22 , for example, it is ring-shaped.
请继续参照图1及图2，所述岐盘本体234上还开设有若干与所述第一腔室 230连通的排气口236。所述排气口236用于在所述模拟血液充满所述第一腔室 230之前排空所述第一腔室230内的空气，以使所述模拟血液完全充满所述第一腔室230。本实施例中，所述排气口236可以是一个，也可以是多个，本申请对此不作限制。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the disc body 234 is also provided with a plurality of exhaust ports 236 communicating with the first chamber 230 . The exhaust port 236 is used to evacuate the air in the first chamber 230 before the simulated blood fills the first chamber 230, so that the simulated blood fills the first chamber 230 completely. In this embodiment, there may be one or more exhaust ports 236, which is not limited in this application.
请参照图3，所述储液机构30包括储液容器31及设置在所述储液容器31 内的有加热组件32、温度传感器33及液位传感器34，所述储液容器31内存储有所述模拟血液，所述加热组件32用于对所述模拟血液进行加热以使所述模拟血液达到试验所需的温度范围，所述温度传感器33用于采集所述模拟血液的温度，所述液位传感器34用于测量所述模拟血液在所述储液容器31中的液位。3, the liquid storage mechanism 30 includes a liquid storage container 31 and a heating assembly 32, a temperature sensor 33, and a liquid level sensor 34 arranged in the liquid storage container 31. The simulated blood is stored in the liquid storage container 31. The heating assembly 32 is used to heat the simulated blood so that the simulated blood reaches a temperature range required for the test. The temperature sensor 33 is used to collect the temperature of the simulated blood. The liquid level sensor 34 is used to measure the liquid level of the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31.
本实施例中，所述储液容器31包括容器本体及盖合于所述容器本体上的上盖，所述模拟血液贮藏在容器本体内，用来模拟人体血液，所述模拟血液例如可以是生理盐水，去离子水等液体。所述上盖上设有用于添加所述模拟血液的加液口310，所述容器本体上设有回液口311及排液口312，所述排液口312通过所述进液管道50与所述第一腔室230的进液口232连通，以向所述第一腔室230 输送所述模拟血液，所述回液口311通过回液管道与所述体外心血管模型10连通，以回收所述模拟血液。In this embodiment, the liquid storage container 31 includes a container body and an upper cover that covers the container body. The simulated blood is stored in the container body to simulate human blood. The simulated blood can be, for example, physiological saline, deionized water and other liquids. The upper cover is provided with a liquid filling port 310 for adding the simulated blood. The container body is provided with a liquid return port 311 and a liquid discharge port 312. The liquid discharge port 312 communicates with the liquid inlet 232 of the first chamber 230 through the liquid inlet pipe 50 to deliver the simulated blood to the first chamber 230. The liquid return port 311 communicates with the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 through the liquid return pipe to recover the simulated blood.
进一步的，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括蠕动泵60，所述蠕动泵的输入端与所述储液容器31的排液口312连通，输出端与所述第一腔室230的进液口232连通，所述蠕动泵用于抽取所述储液容器31内的模拟血液并输送给所述第一腔室230。蠕动泵60具有精度高、重复精度、稳定性精度高以及可防止回流等优点，是本实施例中较佳的选择。当然，也可以采用其它类型的泵输送所述模拟血液，本申请对此不作限制。Further, the extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a peristaltic pump 60, the input end of the peristaltic pump communicates with the liquid outlet 312 of the liquid storage container 31, and the output end communicates with the liquid inlet 232 of the first chamber 230, and the peristaltic pump is used to draw the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31 and deliver it to the first chamber 230. The peristaltic pump 60 has the advantages of high precision, repeatability, high stability and precision, and can prevent backflow, and is a better choice in this embodiment. Of course, other types of pumps may also be used to transport the simulated blood, which is not limited in this application.
本实施例中，所述容器本体内装设有加热组件32及温度传感器33，所述加热组件32用于可持续的对所述模拟血液进行加热，所述温度传感器33用于采集所述模拟血液的温度，所述加热组件32及温度传感器33可与所述控制器通信连接，所述控制器根据所述温度传感器33采集的液体温度控制所述加热组件 32的运行，待所述温度传感器33采集到的液体温度已经达到测试需求的温度范围时，所述控制器控制所述加热组件32停止加热。In this embodiment, the container body is provided with a heating assembly 32 and a temperature sensor 33. The heating assembly 32 is used to continuously heat the simulated blood. The temperature sensor 33 is used to collect the temperature of the simulated blood. The heating assembly 32 and the temperature sensor 33 can communicate with the controller. The controller controls the operation of the heating assembly 32 according to the temperature of the liquid collected by the temperature sensor 33. When the temperature of the liquid collected by the temperature sensor 33 reaches the temperature range required by the test, the controller controls the heating assembly 32 to stop heating.
本实施例中，本实施例中，所述加热组件32例如可以为电加热棒，用于持续的给所述储液容器31内的模拟血液进行加热，所述温度传感器33例如可以为热电阻温度传感器。In this embodiment, the heating component 32 can be, for example, an electric heating rod for continuously heating the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31 , and the temperature sensor 33 can be, for example, a thermal resistance temperature sensor.
请参照图1，并结合图4，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括增压机构70，所述增压机构70用于调控所述模拟血液所处环境的基础压力，使整个装置达到试验所需生理环境的稳定压力，所述增压机构70包括空气压缩机71、气体管道 72、调节阀及单向导气阀73，所述空气压缩机71通过所述气体管道72与所述储液容器31连通，所述调节阀设置在所述气体管道72上并用于调节压缩气体的流量，所述单向导气阀73设置在所述气体管道72道或所述储液容器31的进气口处。所述空气压缩机71用于向所述储液容器31提供压缩气体，所述调节阀用于调节所述气体管道72内压缩气体的流量，所述单向导通阀用于防止所述储液容器31内的模拟血液回流。Please refer to Fig. 1, and in conjunction with Fig. 4, described extracorporeal cardiovascular pulsation simulation device also comprises supercharging mechanism 70, and described supercharging mechanism 70 is used for regulating and controlling the basic pressure of described simulated blood environment, makes whole device reach the stable pressure of the physiological environment required for experiment, and described supercharging mechanism 70 comprises air compressor 71, gas pipeline 72, regulating valve and one-way air valve 73, and described air compressor 71 communicates with described liquid storage container 31 through described gas pipeline 72, and described regulating valve is arranged on described gas pipeline 72 and is used for regulating the flow rate of compressed gas, and described one-way guiding valve The gas valve 73 is arranged at the air inlet of the gas pipeline 72 or the liquid storage container 31 . The air compressor 71 is used to provide compressed gas to the liquid storage container 31 , the regulating valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the compressed gas in the gas pipeline 72 , and the one-way valve is used to prevent the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31 from flowing back.
本实施例中，所述调节阀包括电磁阀74和减压阀75，所述电磁阀74用于控制所述气体管道72的通断，可与所述控制器通信连接以实现智能控制。In this embodiment, the regulating valve includes a solenoid valve 74 and a pressure reducing valve 75, the solenoid valve 74 is used to control the on-off of the gas pipeline 72, and can communicate with the controller to realize intelligent control.
本实施例中，所述减压阀75能够将进口压力减至某一需要的出口压力，并依靠介质本身的能量，使出口压力自动保持稳定。通过设置所述减压阀75来适当降低所述压缩气体的压力，调控所述模拟血液所处环境的基础压力，使整个装置达到试验所需生理环境的稳定压力，防止所述增压机构70提供的压缩气体的压力高于试验所需的压力。In this embodiment, the pressure reducing valve 75 can reduce the inlet pressure to a certain required outlet pressure, and rely on the energy of the medium itself to keep the outlet pressure automatically stable. The pressure of the compressed gas is appropriately reduced by setting the decompression valve 75, and the basic pressure of the environment where the simulated blood is regulated, so that the whole device reaches the stable pressure of the physiological environment required for the test, and prevents the pressure of the compressed gas provided by the pressurization mechanism 70 from being higher than the pressure required for the test.
请继续参照图1及图2，所述体外心血管脉动模拟装置还包括工作台80以及设置在所述工作台80上的第一支撑组件81及第二支撑组件82，所述第一支撑组件81用于安装并调节所述驱动组件21的高度，所述第二支撑组件82用于安装并调节所述脉动岐盘23的高度，以使所述驱动组件21与所述脉动岐盘23 的中心等高。本实施例中，需要对所述驱动组件21及所述脉动岐盘23进行对中，以使所述输出轴210的轴向平行于水平方向，进而使所述输出轴210能够沿垂直于所述第一腔室230的方向做往复运动。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device further includes a workbench 80 and a first support assembly 81 and a second support assembly 82 arranged on the workbench 80, the first support assembly 81 is used to install and adjust the height of the drive assembly 21, and the second support assembly 82 is used to install and adjust the height of the pulsation disc 23, so that the center of the drive assembly 21 and the pulsation disc 23 are at the same height. In this embodiment, the driving assembly 21 and the pulsating disc 23 need to be centered so that the axis of the output shaft 210 is parallel to the horizontal direction, so that the output shaft 210 can reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the first chamber 230 .
本实施例中，所述第一支撑组件81包括电机台架底板810及四根支撑轴 811，四根所述支撑轴811的底端位于在所述工作台80上，顶端与所述电机台架底板810连接以支撑所述电机台架底板810，所述驱动组件21整体放置在所述电机台架底板810上。本实施例中，四根所述支撑轴811与所述电机台架底板 810螺纹连接。In this embodiment, the first support assembly 81 includes a motor stand bottom plate 810 and four support shafts 811. The bottom ends of the four support shafts 811 are located on the workbench 80, and the top ends are connected to the motor stand bottom plate 810 to support the motor stand bottom plate 810. The drive assembly 21 is integrally placed on the motor stand bottom plate 810. In the present embodiment, four said supporting shafts 811 are screwed with the bottom plate 810 of said motor stand.
本实施例中，所述第二支撑组件82包括在岐盘底座820、岐盘支撑板821 及岐盘支撑梁822，所述脉动岐盘23与所述岐盘支撑板821的一侧螺纹连接固定，所述岐盘支撑板821的另一侧与所述岐盘支撑梁822螺纹连接固定，所述岐盘支撑梁822的底端与所述岐盘底座820固定连接。In this embodiment, the second support assembly 82 includes a disc base 820 , a disc support plate 821 and a disc support beam 822 , the pulsating disc 23 is screwed and fixed to one side of the disc support plate 821 , the other side of the disc support plate 821 is screwed and fixed to the disc support beam 822 , and the bottom end of the disc support beam 822 is fixed to the disc base 820 .
本实施例中，所述第一支撑组件81及所述第二支撑组件82可以根据需求进行尺寸定制化设计，也可以设计为高度可调的支撑组件，本申请对此不作任何限制。In this embodiment, the first support component 81 and the second support component 82 can be customized in size according to requirements, or can be designed as height-adjustable support components, which is not limited in this application.
较佳的，所述工作台80上设置若干螺纹孔，所述岐盘底座820的相对两侧分别开设有腰形孔，通过螺栓将所述岐盘底座820上的腰形孔与所述工作台80 上的不同位置的螺纹孔进行连接固定，能够调节所述岐盘本体234与所述直线驱动电机的相对位置，进而调节所述输出轴210伸入所述第二腔室的长度，也能实现所述输出轴210的行程调节。Preferably, several threaded holes are provided on the workbench 80, and waist-shaped holes are provided on opposite sides of the disc base 820. The waist-shaped holes on the disc base 820 are connected and fixed with threaded holes at different positions on the workbench 80 by bolts, so that the relative position of the disc body 234 and the linear drive motor can be adjusted, and the length of the output shaft 210 extending into the second chamber can also be adjusted. The stroke adjustment of the output shaft 210 can also be realized.
结合图1-图4，本发明提供的体外心血管脉动模拟装置的启动流程大体如下：With reference to Figures 1-4, the start-up process of the in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device provided by the present invention is generally as follows:
步骤S1、将配置好的模拟血液通过储液容器31上的加液口310注入所述储液容器31，通过液位传感器34测量所述模拟血液在所述储液容器31中的液位，加液注入完成后关闭所述加液口310；Step S1, inject the configured simulated blood into the liquid storage container 31 through the liquid filling port 310 on the liquid storage container 31, measure the liquid level of the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31 through the liquid level sensor 34, and close the liquid filling port 310 after the liquid filling is completed;
步骤S2、启动加热组件32对所述模拟血液加热，待温度传感器33采集到的液体温度已经达到试验需求的温度范围后(所述温度范围例如为37℃±5℃)，打开所述储液容器31的排液口312，同时设置好蠕动泵60合理的泵动流量，启动所述蠕动泵60，使得所述储液容器31中的模拟血液从所述排液口312通过进液管道50输送至脉动输出机构20中的第一腔室230内；Step S2: Start the heating component 32 to heat the simulated blood. After the temperature of the liquid collected by the temperature sensor 33 has reached the temperature range required by the test (the temperature range is, for example, 37°C±5°C), open the liquid discharge port 312 of the liquid storage container 31, and set a reasonable pumping flow rate of the peristaltic pump 60 at the same time, start the peristaltic pump 60, so that the simulated blood in the liquid storage container 31 is transported from the liquid discharge port 312 to the first cavity in the pulsation output mechanism 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 50 In room 230;
步骤S3、待所述第一腔室230内充满所述模拟血液后，启动增压机构70的空气压缩机71，设置减压阀75的减压输出范围，打开电磁阀74，空气压缩机 71产生的压缩气体通过气体管道72及单向导气阀73通入所述储液容器31内，从而增加整个装置内的内部压力；Step S3, after the first chamber 230 is filled with the simulated blood, start the air compressor 71 of the booster mechanism 70, set the decompression output range of the decompression valve 75, open the electromagnetic valve 74, and the compressed gas generated by the air compressor 71 is passed into the liquid storage container 31 through the gas pipeline 72 and the one-way air valve 73, thereby increasing the internal pressure in the entire device;
步骤S4、待装置的内部压力达到试验所需生理环境的稳定压力后，启动音圈直线电机，电机动子215按设定的频率轴向往复运动并驱使所述输出轴210 做轴向往复运动，所述输出轴210同步带动所述活塞220沿轴向同步往复运动，进而挤压或拉伸所述柔性件22，使得所述第一腔室230的体积发生改变，从而对进入所述第一腔室230内的模拟血液进行高频率震荡运动，此时打开所述脉动岐盘23上的出液口233的球阀，所述第一腔室230中的模拟血液会脉出至所述体外心血管模型10中的血管中，随着所述活塞220往复运行的进行，使得所述第一腔室230中的模拟血液不停脉出至所述体外心血管模型10中的血管内，以及使得所述模拟血液由所述储液机构30不停脉入所述第一腔室230内，所述模拟血液的脉出及脉入会导致瞬时的流量差从而形成液压差，使所述模拟血液对所述血管内壁产生瞬时的收缩压或舒张压，从而使所述模拟血液对所述体外心血管模型10的血管形成具有舒张压与收缩压的脉动循环，以模拟出人体血管的生理脉动，然后可针对心血管系统进行功能演示并对心血管介入器械性能进行测定。Step S4: After the internal pressure of the device reaches the stable pressure of the physiological environment required for the test, start the voice coil linear motor, the motor mover 215 reciprocates axially at a set frequency and drives the output shaft 210 to reciprocate axially, and the output shaft 210 synchronously drives the piston 220 to reciprocate synchronously in the axial direction, and then squeezes or stretches the flexible member 22, so that the volume of the first chamber 230 changes, so that the simulated blood that enters the first chamber 230 performs high-frequency oscillating motion. With the ball valve of the liquid outlet 233 on the pulsation disc 23, the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 will pulse out into the blood vessels in the in vitro cardiovascular model 10. As the piston 220 reciprocates, the simulated blood in the first chamber 230 will flow out into the blood vessels in the in vitro cardiovascular model 10 continuously, and the simulated blood will be continuously pulsed into the first chamber 230 from the liquid storage mechanism 30. The pulse out and pulse in of the simulated blood will result in instantaneous flow. The difference forms a hydraulic pressure difference, causing the simulated blood to generate instantaneous systolic pressure or diastolic pressure on the inner wall of the blood vessel, so that the simulated blood forms a pulsating cycle with diastolic pressure and systolic pressure on the blood vessels of the in vitro cardiovascular model 10, so as to simulate the physiological pulsation of human blood vessels, and then perform functional demonstrations for the cardiovascular system and measure the performance of cardiovascular interventional devices.
综上，本发明提供了一种体外心血管脉动模拟装置，能够模拟出人体血管的生理脉动，实现模拟血液在储液机构、脉动输出机构及体外心血管模型之间循环流通，能够在体外真实重现血流循环，实现周期性收缩舒张脉动。此外，本发明可根据试验需求对所述脉动输出机构的运行参数进行调节，进而可以较高频率与较大脉动压力范围输出脉动，脉动输出控制精度高，可以精确模拟心血管系统内各类血管的生理脉动状态，能够针对心血管系统进行功能演示并对心血管介入器械性能测定，同时支持多样品同时测量，具有操作便捷，调节灵活，通用性强以及干扰因素少等特点。To sum up, the present invention provides an in vitro cardiovascular pulsation simulation device, which can simulate the physiological pulsation of human blood vessels, realize the circulation of simulated blood between the liquid storage mechanism, the pulsation output mechanism, and the in vitro cardiovascular model, and can truly reproduce the blood flow circulation in vitro to realize periodic systolic and diastolic pulsations. In addition, the present invention can adjust the operating parameters of the pulsation output mechanism according to the test requirements, and then can output pulsations at a higher frequency and a larger pulsation pressure range. The pulsation output control precision is high, and the physiological pulsation state of various blood vessels in the cardiovascular system can be accurately simulated. It can perform functional demonstrations for the cardiovascular system and measure the performance of cardiovascular interventional devices, and supports simultaneous measurement of multiple samples. It has the characteristics of convenient operation, flexible adjustment, strong versatility, and less interference factors.
上述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不对本发明起到任何限制作用。任何所属技术领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的技术方案的范围内，对本发明揭露的技术方案和技术内容做任何形式的等同替换或修改等变动，均属未脱离本发明的技术方案的内容，仍属于本发明的保护范围之内。The foregoing are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the technical field, within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which belongs to the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210083418.8ACN116469299A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | External cardiovascular pulsation simulator |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210083418.8ACN116469299A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | External cardiovascular pulsation simulator |
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| CN116469299Atrue CN116469299A (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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| CN202210083418.8APendingCN116469299A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | External cardiovascular pulsation simulator |
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| CN207627313U (en)* | 2017-04-18 | 2018-07-20 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Blood vessel pulsation simulator |
| CN109985294A (en)* | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 锦州诺德医疗器械科技有限公司 | A kind of diaphragm type draws back blood method and examines pipeline access self-resetting devices |
| CN209785384U (en)* | 2019-01-10 | 2019-12-13 | 四川捷祥医疗器械有限公司 | Novel simulation lung membrane simulator |
| CN210804934U (en)* | 2019-08-16 | 2020-06-19 | 首都医科大学宣武医院 | Human arm model |
| CN113654773A (en)* | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Near-physiological pulsating flow loading device for fatigue test of intravascular stent |
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| CN103055363A (en)* | 2013-01-22 | 2013-04-24 | 上海交通大学 | Vortex type implantable pulse ventricle assisting blood pump |
| CN206071840U (en)* | 2016-10-12 | 2017-04-05 | 吉林大学 | A kind of hydraulic pressure amplifying type ultra-magnetic telescopic transfer tube |
| CN207627313U (en)* | 2017-04-18 | 2018-07-20 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Blood vessel pulsation simulator |
| CN107393392A (en)* | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-24 | 深圳市应孕而生健康管理有限公司 | A kind of diagnosis by feeling the pulse simulator and simulated blood vessel system |
| CN109985294A (en)* | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 锦州诺德医疗器械科技有限公司 | A kind of diaphragm type draws back blood method and examines pipeline access self-resetting devices |
| CN209785384U (en)* | 2019-01-10 | 2019-12-13 | 四川捷祥医疗器械有限公司 | Novel simulation lung membrane simulator |
| CN210804934U (en)* | 2019-08-16 | 2020-06-19 | 首都医科大学宣武医院 | Human arm model |
| CN113654773A (en)* | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Near-physiological pulsating flow loading device for fatigue test of intravascular stent |
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