CN116435767A - Low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit and multi-frequency common-caliber antenna using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit and a multi-frequency common-caliber antenna using the same, wherein the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit comprises a PCB substrate, a loading wave-transmitting branch joint, four groups of low-frequency radiation annular circuits and four groups of loading patches, wherein the four groups of low-frequency radiation annular circuits and the four groups of loading patches are printed on the PCB substrate; the printed surface of the PCB substrate is square, and four groups of low-frequency radiation annular circuits and four groups of loading patches are symmetrically arranged in four quadrants of a rectangular coordinate system formed by the centers of the printed surface of the PCB substrate respectively; the loading wave-transmitting branch joint is arranged in the low-frequency radiation annular circuit. The loading wave-transmitting branch joint is arranged in the low-frequency radiation annular circuit, and high-frequency or medium-frequency resonance points are added, so that the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit has the property of transmitting high-frequency or medium-frequency electromagnetic waves; meanwhile, the multi-frequency common-caliber antenna provided by the invention is characterized in that the high-frequency or medium-frequency radiation antenna is nested under the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit, so that the efficient transmission of high-frequency or medium-frequency electromagnetic waves is realized.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种低频透波辐射单元及应用其的多频共口径天线A low-frequency wave-transparent radiation unit and a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna using it

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及移动通信技术领域，具体涉及一种低频透波辐射单元及应用该低频透波辐射单元的多频共口径天线。The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit and a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna using the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit.

背景技术Background technique

目前移动通信制式2G，3G,4G和5G网络并存，MIMO（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）技术在各频段天线中得到了广泛的应用。为了同时兼容多种通信制式，减少天线数量，节约成本，需要使多个不同频段的系统同时工作，例如低频工作频段820-960MHz，中频工作频段1710-2170MHz和/或高频工作频段3300-3700MHz不同频段同时工作。共口径天线排布将低频天线穿插在中频阵列和/或高频阵列天线的间隙中，可以有效提高空间利用率，进一步降低制造成本，受到众多天线厂商的青睐。因此，设计多频兼容、小型化的共口径天线成为业界的一个趋势。At present, the mobile communication standard 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks coexist, and MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology has been widely used in antennas in various frequency bands. In order to be compatible with multiple communication systems at the same time, reduce the number of antennas, and save costs, it is necessary to enable multiple systems with different frequency bands to work at the same time, such as low-frequency operating frequency band 820-960MHz, intermediate frequency operating frequency band 1710-2170MHz and/or high-frequency operating frequency band 3300-3700MHz Different frequency bands work at the same time. Common-aperture antenna arrangement intersperses low-frequency antennas in the gaps of intermediate-frequency arrays and/or high-frequency array antennas, which can effectively improve space utilization and further reduce manufacturing costs, and is favored by many antenna manufacturers. Therefore, designing a multi-frequency compatible and miniaturized common-aperture antenna has become a trend in the industry.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种具有透射中频电磁波的性能的低频透波辐射单元和应用该低频透波辐射单元，实现中频电磁波有效透射的多频共口径天线。The object of the present invention is to provide a low-frequency wave-transmitting radiating unit capable of transmitting intermediate-frequency electromagnetic waves and a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna for effectively transmitting intermediate-frequency electromagnetic waves by using the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiating unit.

为此，本发明第一方面提供一种低频透波辐射单元，包括PCB基板、印制在所述PCB基板上的四组低频辐射环形线路和四组加载贴片；所述PCB基板的印制面为正方形，所述四组低频辐射环形线路和四组加载贴片分别对称布置在以PCB基板的印制中心所构成的直角坐标系的四个象限内；所述每组低频辐射环形线路中均设置有至少一个加载透波支节。For this reason, the first aspect of the present invention provides a low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit, including a PCB substrate, four groups of low-frequency radiation ring circuits and four groups of loading patches printed on the PCB substrate; The surface is a square, and the four groups of low-frequency radiation ring lines and the four groups of loading patches are respectively symmetrically arranged in four quadrants of the Cartesian coordinate system formed by the printing center of the PCB substrate; each group of low-frequency radiation ring lines They are all provided with at least one loaded wave-transmitting branch.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述低频辐射环形线路包括方形的环形线路主体，所述加载透波支节为四个，分别设置在方形环形线路主体的四条边上。In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-frequency radiating loop line includes a square loop line body, and there are four loaded wave-transmitting branches, which are respectively arranged on four sides of the square loop line body.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述四组低频辐射环形线路呈“田”字形排列；所述加载透波支节包括单边透波支节和双边透波支节，每一方形环形线路主体与另一方形的环形线路主体相邻接的边上设置所述单边透波支节，非相邻的边上设置所述双边透波支节。In one embodiment of the present invention, the four groups of low-frequency radiation ring lines are arranged in the shape of a "field"; the loaded wave-transmitting branch includes a single-sided wave-transmitting branch and a bilateral wave-transmitting branch, and each square ring line The single-sided wave-transmitting branch is arranged on the side adjacent to the main body of another square ring line, and the double-sided wave-transmitting branch is arranged on the non-adjacent side.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述方形环形线路主体的四个角的外边角为小倒圆角、内边角为大倒圆角，以使所述环形线路主体形成若干U形分支。In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer corners of the four corners of the square ring circuit main body are rounded with small corners, and the inner corners are rounded with large corners, so that the main body of the ring circuit forms several U-shaped branches.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述加载贴片的位置相对低频辐射环形线路的中心偏心设置。In one embodiment of the present invention, the position of the loading patch is set eccentrically relative to the center of the low-frequency radiation loop circuit.

本发明第二方面提供一种多频共口径天线，包括反射板、中频辐射天线，还包括如本发明第一方面所述的低频透波辐射单元；所述中频辐射天线、低频辐射天线分别通过第一馈电线与第一支撑柱、第二馈电线与第二支撑柱与反射板连接，且所述中频辐射天线设置在反射板与低频透波辐射单元之间；所述低频透波辐射单元与中频辐射天线在垂直投影上具有重合区域，且所述低频辐射天线上至少在重合区域设置有用于弱化中频段与低频段间的耦合效应的加载透波支节。A second aspect of the present invention provides a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna, including a reflector, an intermediate frequency radiation antenna, and a low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit as described in the first aspect of the present invention; the intermediate frequency radiation antenna and the low-frequency radiation antenna pass through the The first feeder is connected to the first support column, the second feeder is connected to the second support column and the reflector, and the intermediate frequency radiation antenna is arranged between the reflector and the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit; the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit There is an overlapping area with the intermediate frequency radiation antenna in the vertical projection, and the low frequency radiation antenna is provided with a loaded through-wave branch for weakening the coupling effect between the intermediate frequency band and the low frequency band at least in the overlapping area.

在本发明的一个实施例中，至至少所述反射板、低频透波辐射单元均为一个，所述中频辐射天线为两个； 两个所述中频辐射天线相邻且具有间隔区域，所述低频透波辐射单元的第二馈电线与第二支撑柱设置在间隔区域内，所述低频透波辐射单元设置在间隔区域正上方，且所述低频透波辐射单元的尺寸大于间隔区域的宽度。In one embodiment of the present invention, there is at least one reflector and a low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit, and there are two intermediate-frequency radiation antennas; the two intermediate-frequency radiation antennas are adjacent and have an interval area, and the The second feeder and the second support column of the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit are arranged in the interval area, the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit is arranged directly above the interval area, and the size of the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit is larger than the width of the interval area .

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述PCB基板为双面板，其朝着反射板方向的为下面板，反之为上面板；所述低频辐射环形线路、所述加载贴片以及加载透波支节均设置在所述PCB基板的下面板。In one embodiment of the present invention, the PCB substrate is a double-sided panel, and the one facing the reflection plate is the lower panel, and the opposite is the upper panel; the low-frequency radiation loop circuit, the loading patch and the loading transparent wave branch Sections are arranged on the lower panel of the PCB substrate.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述低频透波辐射单元还包括馈电贴片组，所述馈电贴片组位于所述PCB基板上面板的中心区域。In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit further includes a feeding patch group, and the feeding patch group is located in the central area of the upper panel of the PCB substrate.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述馈电贴片组具有两个馈电贴片；每一馈电贴片具有两个端口，其中每一馈电贴片的一个端口连接第二馈电线，另一端口连接第二支撑柱。In one embodiment of the present invention, the feed patch group has two feed patches; each feed patch has two ports, wherein one port of each feed patch is connected to the second feed line , and the other port is connected to the second support column.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第二支撑柱具有四根空心金属管柱；其中两根所述空心金属管柱用于收容第二馈电线；所述第二支撑柱与所述第二馈电线的上端分别连接到低频辐射环形线路，且与所述馈电贴片组电连接；所述第二支撑柱与所述第二馈电线的下端分别固定在反射板上并与反射板电连接。In one embodiment of the present invention, the second support column has four hollow metal pipe columns; two of the hollow metal pipe columns are used to accommodate the second feeder; the second support column and the first The upper ends of the two feed lines are respectively connected to the low-frequency radiation loop circuit, and are electrically connected to the feed patch group; the second support column and the lower ends of the second feed lines are respectively fixed on the reflector and connected to the reflector electrical connection.

本发明通过将加载透波支节设置在低频辐射环形线路中，增加了中频谐振点，使该低频透波辐射单元具有透射中频电磁波的性能；同时本发明的多频共口径天线将中频辐射天线嵌套在该低频透波辐射单元下，实现了中频电磁波有效的透射。The invention increases the intermediate frequency resonance point by arranging the loaded wave-transmitting branch in the low-frequency radiation circular line, so that the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit has the performance of transmitting intermediate-frequency electromagnetic waves; at the same time, the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna of the present invention combines the intermediate-frequency radiation antenna Nested under the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit, the effective transmission of medium-frequency electromagnetic waves is realized.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一实施例提供的多频共口径天线的立体示意图；FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是图1所示多频共口径天线的侧视示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna shown in Fig. 1;

图3是图1所示多频共口径天线的俯视示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna shown in FIG. 1;

图4是图1所示多频共口径天线的低频透波辐射单元的立体透视图；Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional perspective view of the low-frequency wave-transparent radiation unit of the multi-frequency co-aperture antenna shown in Fig. 1;

图5是图1所示多频共口径天线的低频透波辐射单元的俯视透视图；Fig. 5 is a top perspective view of the low-frequency wave-transparent radiation unit of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna shown in Fig. 1;

图6为本发明低频透波辐射单元的驻波曲线示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave curve of a low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit of the present invention;

图7为本发明中频辐射天线的的驻波曲线示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave curve of an intermediate frequency radiation antenna of the present invention;

图8为本发明多频共口径天线在中频的水平面方向图；Fig. 8 is the horizontal plane pattern of the multi-frequency co-aperture antenna of the present invention at the intermediate frequency;

图9为本发明多频共口径天线在低频的水平面方向图。FIG. 9 is a horizontal plane pattern at low frequencies of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合附图对本发明实施例作进一步说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

请参阅图1，本发明提供一种多频共口径天线100，包括反射板1、中频辐射天线2、低频透波辐射单元3。中频辐射天线2设置在反射板1与低频透波辐射单元3之间。中频辐射天线2、低频辐射天线3分别通过第一馈电线与第一支撑柱20、第二馈电线与第二支撑柱30与反射板1连接。Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 , which includes areflector 1 , an intermediate-frequency radiation antenna 2 , and a low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation unit 3 . The intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 is arranged between thereflector 1 and the low frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 . The intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 and the lowfrequency radiation antenna 3 are respectively connected to thereflector 1 through the first feeder line and thefirst support column 20 , and the second feeder line and thesecond support column 30 .

请参阅图2和图3，低频透波辐射单元3与中频辐射天线2在垂直投影上具有重合区域。Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the low-frequency wave-transparent radiation unit 3 and the intermediate-frequency radiation antenna 2 have overlapping areas in vertical projection.

本实施例中，反射板1、低频透波辐射单元3均为一个，中频辐射天线2为两个。两个中频辐射天线2相邻且具有间隔区域。低频透波辐射单元3的第二馈电线与第二支撑柱30设置在间隔区域内。低频透波辐射单元3设置在该预设距离正上方，并且低频辐射天线3的尺寸大于间隔区域的宽度。如此形成低频与中频共口径的天线结构。In this embodiment, there is onereflector 1 and one low-frequencytransparent radiation unit 3 , and two intermediate-frequency radiation antennas 2 . The two intermediatefrequency radiation antennas 2 are adjacent and have a spaced area. The second feeder of the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 and thesecond support column 30 are arranged in a spaced area. The low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 is arranged directly above the preset distance, and the size of the low-frequency radiation antenna 3 is larger than the width of the spaced area. In this way, an antenna structure with a common aperture of the low frequency and the intermediate frequency is formed.

其中，in,

请参阅图4和图5，低频透波辐射单元3包括加载透波支节32、PCB基板33，印制在PCB基板33上的四组低频辐射环形线路34和四组加载贴片35。PCB基板33的印制面为正方形，四组低频辐射环形线路34和四组加载贴片35分别对称布置在以PCB基板33的正方形印制面的中心构成的直角坐标系的四个象限内，即四组低频辐射环形线路34呈田字形排列。Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the low-frequency radiation unit 3 includes a loadingtransparent branch 32 , aPCB substrate 33 , four sets of low-frequencyradiation ring lines 34 printed on thePCB substrate 33 and four sets ofloading patches 35 . The printed surface of thePCB substrate 33 is a square, and four groups of low-frequencyradiation ring circuits 34 and four groups ofloading patches 35 are respectively symmetrically arranged in four quadrants of the Cartesian coordinate system formed by the center of the square printed surface of thePCB substrate 33, That is, the four groups of low-frequencyradiation loop lines 34 are arranged in the shape of a square.

优选地，加载透波支节32设置在低频辐射环形线路34中。如此加载透波支节32与低频辐射环形线路34形成并联连接结构，使加载透波支节32等效于电感电容电路，从而形成了不同频率的谐振点，具有能够使对应谐振点的频率实现透射的性能。可以理解地，通过改变加载透波支节32的整体长度、线宽或数量等，可以控制或调整加载透波支节32的透波的频率。Preferably, the loaded wave-transparent stub 32 is arranged in the low-frequencyradiation loop line 34 . In this way, the loadedtransparent wave branch 32 and the low-frequencyradiation ring line 34 form a parallel connection structure, so that the loadedtransparent wave branch 32 is equivalent to an inductance-capacitance circuit, thereby forming resonance points of different frequencies, and can realize the frequency of the corresponding resonance point. Transmission performance. It can be understood that by changing the overall length, line width or quantity of the wave-transmittingstubs 32 , the frequency of the wave-transmitting waves loaded on the wave-transmittingstubs 32 can be controlled or adjusted.

请参阅图3，更优选地，低频透波辐射单元3与中频辐射天线2在垂直投影上的重合区域对应设置有加载透波支节32。加载透波支节32能够弱化中频段与低频段间的耦合效应，从而使中频辐射天线2的中频电磁波的有效透射。Please refer to FIG. 3 , more preferably, the overlapping area of the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 and the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 on the vertical projection is provided with a loadedtransparent wave branch 32 correspondingly. Loading the wave-transmittingstub 32 can weaken the coupling effect between the mid-frequency band and the low-frequency band, so that the mid-frequency electromagnetic wave of themid-frequency radiating antenna 2 can be effectively transmitted.

本实施例中，低频辐射环形线路34具有方形的环形线路主体341。方形的环形线路主体341的四条边均设置有加载透波支节32。如此，加载透波支节32与方形的环形线路主体341形成并联连接结构；从而形成更多的中频频率谐振点，增强中频辐射天线2的中频电磁波的透射。In this embodiment, the low frequencyradiation loop circuit 34 has a square loop circuitmain body 341 . Four sides of the square ring linemain body 341 are provided with loaded wave-transmittingstubs 32 . In this way, the wave-loading branch 32 and the square ring circuitmain body 341 form a parallel connection structure; thereby forming more intermediate frequency resonance points and enhancing the transmission of the intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 .

更具体地，加载透波支节32包括单边透波支节321和双边透波支节322。在四个呈田字形排列的方形的环形线路主体341中，每一方形的环形线路主体341与另一方形的环形线路主体341相邻接的边上设置单边透波支节321，非相邻的边上设置双边透波支节322。根据图1和图2的多频共口径天线100的结构设计的需要，可以将单边透波支节321设置在靠近PCB基板33的印制面的中心的方形的环形线路主体341的边上；将双边透波支节322设置在方形的环形线路主体341中朝向外侧的边。如此，如图1和图2所示，在中频电磁波更集中辐射的低频透波辐射单元3与中频辐射天线2在垂直投影上的重合区域中通过双边透波支节322更有效地将中频电磁波透射出去；远离上述重合区域的地方设置单边透波支节321也可实现中频电磁波的有效透射；从而减少多频共口径天线100的生产成本，也实现了多频共口径天线100的轻量化；同时，在呈田字形排列的四组低频辐射环形线路34的“田字形”中心设置单边透波支节321，也使低频透波辐射单元3的结构排布更加密集，也能够缩小多频共口径天线100整体的体积。More specifically, the loaded wavetransparent stub 32 includes a single-sided wavetransparent stub 321 and a double-sided wavetransparent stub 322 . Among the four square annular linemain bodies 341 arranged in a square shape, each square annular linemain body 341 is provided with a single-sidetransparent wave branch 321 on the side adjacent to the other square annular linemain body 341. The bilateral wave-transmittingbranch 322 is arranged on the adjacent side. According to the needs of the structural design of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the single-sided wave-transmittingbranch 321 can be arranged on the side of the square ring circuitmain body 341 near the center of the printed surface of thePCB substrate 33 ; Set the bilateral wave-transmittingbranch 322 on the side facing the outside of the square ring linemain body 341 . In this way, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiating unit 3 and the medium-frequency radiatingantenna 2 in the overlapping area on the vertical projection of the medium-frequency electromagnetic wave more concentratedly radiate more effectively through the bilateral wave-transmittingbranch 322. Transmitting out; setting the unilateral wave-transmittingbranch 321 away from the above-mentioned overlapping area can also realize the effective transmission of intermediate frequency electromagnetic waves; thereby reducing the production cost of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 and realizing the lightweight of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 ; Simultaneously, in the center of four groups of low-frequencyradiation ring lines 34 arranged in a square shape, the single-side wave-transmittingbranch 321 is set, which also makes the structure of the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation unit 3 more densely arranged, and can also reduce more The overall volume of thecommon aperture antenna 100.

优选地，环形线路主体341的四个角的外边角为小倒圆角，环形线路主体341的四个角的内边角为大倒圆角，使方形的环形线路主体341具有若干U形分支。请参阅图5，低频透波辐射单元3具有四个方形的环形线路主体341；每一个环形线路主体341内具有四个U形分支。该四个U形分支还能够实现滤波，使四个U形分支等效为频率选择表面（FSS）。在本实施例中，该四个U形分支等效为中频辐射天线2的中频频率选择表面。该四个U形分支的阻带能够覆盖中频辐射天线2的中频工作频率，具体为1710MHz--2690MHz。进一步使中频辐射天线2的辐射性能不受低频透波辐射单元3的影响。Preferably, the outer corners of the four corners of thering circuit body 341 are small rounded corners, and the inner corners of the four corners of thering circuit body 341 are large rounded corners, so that the squarering circuit body 341 has several U-shaped branches . Please refer to FIG. 5 , the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 has four square ring circuitmain bodies 341 ; each ring circuitmain body 341 has four U-shaped branches inside. The four U-shaped branches can also implement filtering, so that the four U-shaped branches are equivalent to a frequency selective surface (FSS). In this embodiment, the four U-shaped branches are equivalent to the IF frequency selective surface of theIF radiation antenna 2 . The stopbands of the four U-shaped branches can cover the IF operating frequency of theIF radiation antenna 2 , specifically 1710MHz--2690MHz. Further, the radiation performance of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 is not affected by the low frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 .

本实施例中，PCB基板33为双面板；在多频共口径天线100的结构中，PCB基板33的朝向反射板1、中频辐射天线2方向的为PCB基板33的下面板；反之，远离反射板1、中频辐射天线2的为PCB基板33的上面板。低频辐射环形线路34、加载透波支节32和加载贴片35均设置在PCB基板33的下面板。具体地，每一组加载贴片35设置在对应的低频辐射环形线路34的环形内。优选地，每一组加载贴片35的位置相对其对应的低频辐射环形线路34的中心偏心设置。即每一组加载贴片35与对应的低频辐射环形线路34的四条边的距离不相同。如此，偏心设置的加载贴片35能调整阻抗，增加低频透波辐射单元3的带宽。同时，本实施例中，偏心设置的加载贴片35还增加了低频辐射与中频透波的谐振点，能够调整中频透波的频率，增加中频透波的带宽；即偏心设置的加载贴片35能够调整多频共口径天线100整体天线的工作频率和提高整体天线的工作带宽。In this embodiment, thePCB substrate 33 is a double-sided board; in the structure of the multi-frequencyco-aperture antenna 100, thePCB substrate 33 is the lower panel of thePCB substrate 33 toward thereflector 1 and the direction of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2; Theboard 1 and the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 are the upper panel of thePCB substrate 33 . The low-frequencyradiation ring circuit 34 , the loadingtransparent branch 32 and theloading patch 35 are all arranged on the lower panel of thePCB substrate 33 . Specifically, each group ofloading patches 35 is arranged in the ring of the corresponding low-frequencyradiation ring circuit 34 . Preferably, the position of each group ofloading patches 35 is set eccentrically relative to the center of its corresponding low-frequencyradiation loop circuit 34 . That is, the distances between each group ofloading patches 35 and the four sides of the corresponding low-frequencyradiation loop circuit 34 are different. In this way, the eccentrically arrangedloading patch 35 can adjust the impedance and increase the bandwidth of the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 . At the same time, in this embodiment, theloading patch 35 arranged eccentrically also increases the resonance point of the low-frequency radiation and the intermediate frequency transparent wave, can adjust the frequency of the intermediate frequency transparent wave, and increase the bandwidth of the intermediate frequency transparent wave; that is, theloading patch 35 arranged eccentrically It is possible to adjust the operating frequency of the overall antenna of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 and improve the operating bandwidth of the overall antenna.

请参阅图4和图5，低频透波辐射单元3还包括馈电贴片组36。馈电贴片组36印制PCB基板33的上面板，且馈电贴片组36设置在PCB基板33的上面板的中心区域。Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 also includes afeeding patch group 36 . Thefeeding patch group 36 is printed on the upper panel of thePCB substrate 33 , and thefeeding patch group 36 is arranged in the central area of the upper panel of thePCB substrate 33 .

馈电贴片组36具有两个馈电贴片。每一馈电贴片具有两个端口，其中每一馈电贴片的一个端口连接第二馈电线，另一端口连接第二支撑柱30。例如，馈电贴片组36包括第一馈电贴片361和第二馈电贴片362；第一馈电贴片361具有第一馈电端口和第二馈电端口，第二馈电贴片362具有第三馈电端口和第四馈电端口。当第一馈电端口连接第二馈电线，则第二馈电端口连接第二支撑柱30，当第三馈电端口连接第二馈电线，则第四馈电端口连接第二支撑柱30；反之，第一馈电端口连接第二支撑柱30，则第二馈电端口连接第二馈电线，第三馈电端口连接第二支撑柱30，则第四馈电端口连接第二馈电线。Thefeed patch group 36 has two feed patches. Each feed patch has two ports, one port of each feed patch is connected to the second feed line, and the other port is connected to thesecond support column 30 . For example, thefeeding patch group 36 includes afirst feeding patch 361 and asecond feeding patch 362; thefirst feeding patch 361 has a first feeding port and a second feeding port, and the second feeding patch Thesheet 362 has a third feed port and a fourth feed port. When the first feed port is connected to the second feed line, the second feed port is connected to thesecond support column 30; when the third feed port is connected to the second feed line, the fourth feed port is connected to thesecond support column 30; Conversely, if the first feed port is connected to thesecond support column 30 , then the second feed port is connected to the second feed line, the third feed port is connected to thesecond support column 30 , and the fourth feed port is connected to the second feed line.

优选地，第二支撑柱30具有四根空心金属管柱。第二馈电线共有两条。四根空心金属管柱或表面金属化管柱中，其中两根空心金属管柱用于收容第二馈电线。即仅有两根空心金属管柱内分别收容有第二馈电线，另外两根空心金属管柱没有馈电线，用于接地。该两条第二馈电线为同轴馈电电缆。两根用于接地的第二支撑柱30的上端、两条第二馈电线的上端分别连接到低频辐射环形线路34，且第二馈电线穿过低频辐射环形线路34与馈电贴片组36对应的馈电端口电连接。第二支撑柱30的下端、第二馈电线的下端分别固定到反射板1，并与反射板1电连接。可以理解地，第二支撑柱30也可以为表面金属化管柱。Preferably, thesecond support column 30 has four hollow metal pipe columns. There are two second feeding lines. Among the four hollow metal pipe columns or surface metallized pipe columns, two hollow metal pipe columns are used to accommodate the second feeder. That is, only two hollow metal pipe strings contain the second feeder wires respectively, and the other two hollow metal pipe strings have no feeder wires and are used for grounding. The two second feed lines are coaxial feed cables. The upper ends of the twosecond support columns 30 for grounding and the upper ends of the two second feed lines are respectively connected to the low-frequencyradiation ring line 34, and the second feed line passes through the low-frequencyradiation ring line 34 and thefeed patch group 36 The corresponding feed ports are electrically connected. The lower end of thesecond support column 30 and the lower end of the second feed line are respectively fixed to thereflector 1 and electrically connected to thereflector 1 . Understandably, thesecond support column 30 may also be a surface metallized column.

在另一种实施方式中，第一馈电贴片361和第二馈电贴片362组成的馈电贴片组36、两根第二支撑柱30、两条第二馈电线、反射板1之间形成对角线对称的两组具有相同±45°的双极方向的馈电线路结构，能够实现多频共口径天线100的低频透波辐射单元3极化分集，可以工作在收发双工模式下，能极大减小天线数量和占用空间，从而实现天线小型化、轻量化的目的。In another embodiment, thefeed patch group 36 composed of thefirst feed patch 361 and thesecond feed patch 362, twosecond support columns 30, two second feed lines, areflector 1 Two groups of diagonally symmetrical feeder lines with the same dipole direction of ±45° are formed between them, which can realize the 3-polarization diversity of the low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100, and can work in the transceiver duplex In this mode, the number of antennas and the occupied space can be greatly reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of miniaturization and light weight of the antenna.

图6为本发明低频透波辐射单元3在低频工作频段820-960MHz范围内的驻波曲线，该驻波曲线显示低频透波辐射单元3的驻波基本不高于1.5；即低频透波辐射单元3在低频工作频段820-960MHz范围内具有良好的阻抗匹配。Fig. 6 is the standing wave curve of the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation unit 3 of the present invention in the low-frequency operating frequency range of 820-960MHz, the standing wave curve shows that the standing wave of the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation unit 3 is not higher than 1.5 substantially; that is, the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation Unit 3 has good impedance matching in the low-frequency operating frequency range of 820-960MHz.

图7为本发明应用低频透波辐射单元3的多频共口径天线100的中频辐射天线2在中频工作频段1710-2170MHz范围内的驻波曲线，该驻波曲线显示通过低频透波辐射单元3的加载透波支节32弱化中频段与低频段间的耦合效应，实现中频辐射天线2的中频电磁波的有效透射；使中频辐射天线2的驻波在中频工作频段1710-2170MHz范围内均不高于1.5。其中图6和图7中的横坐标Freg为频率；“GHz”为角度的单位“千兆赫兹”，1GHz等于1000MHz；纵坐标VSWR 为驻波系数或驻波比。Fig. 7 is the standing wave curve of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 of the multi-frequencyco-aperture antenna 100 using the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 in the range of 1710-2170MHz in the intermediate frequency working frequency range of the present invention, and the standing wave curve shows that the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 is passed The loadedtransparent wave branch 32 weakens the coupling effect between the intermediate frequency band and the low frequency band, and realizes the effective transmission of the intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2; the standing wave of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 is not high in the range of the intermediate frequency working frequency band 1710-2170MHz at 1.5. Among them, the abscissa Freg in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is the frequency; "GHz" is the unit of angle "gigahertz", and 1 GHz is equal to 1000 MHz; the ordinate VSWR is the standing wave coefficient or standing wave ratio.

图8、图9分别为本发明多频共口径天线100在中频的水平面方向图、多频共口径天线100在低频的水平面方向图。在图8和图9中，横坐标Theta为角度；“deg”为角度的单位“度”；纵坐标Gain Total为总增益；“dB”为增益的单元“分贝”。图8显示了多频共口径天线100在中频的半功率波束宽度为55°-73°；图9显示了多频共口径天线100在低频的半功率波束宽度为60°-77°；即多频共口径天线100满足低频透波辐射单元3的辐射指标，同时也满足了中频辐射天线2的辐射指标。FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are respectively the horizontal plane pattern of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 at intermediate frequency and the horizontal plane pattern of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 at low frequency according to the present invention. In Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the abscissa Theta is the angle; "deg" is the unit "degree" of the angle; the ordinate Gain Total is the total gain; "dB" is the unit "decibel" of the gain. Figure 8 shows that the half-power beamwidth of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 at the intermediate frequency is 55°-73°; Figure 9 shows that the half-power beamwidth of the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna 100 at the low frequency is 60°-77°; The frequencycommon aperture antenna 100 meets the radiation index of the low-frequency transparentwave radiation unit 3 and also meets the radiation index of the intermediatefrequency radiation antenna 2 .

需要说明的是，在其它的实施例中，低频透波辐射单元3的加载透波支节32也能够弱化高频段与低频段间的耦合效应，实现高频辐射天线的高频电磁波的有效透射。It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the loaded wave-transmittingbranch 32 of the low-frequency wave-transmittingradiation unit 3 can also weaken the coupling effect between the high-frequency band and the low-frequency band, and realize the effective transmission of high-frequency electromagnetic waves of the high-frequency radiation antenna. .

以上所述实施例仅描述了本发明的几种实施方式，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only describe several implementations of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种低频透波辐射单元，其特征在于，包括PCB基板（33）、印制在所述PCB基板（33）上的四组低频辐射环形线路（34）和四组加载贴片（35）；所述PCB基板（33）的印制面为正方形，所述四组低频辐射环形线路（34）和四组加载贴片（35）分别对称布置在以PCB基板（33）的印制中心所构成的直角坐标系的四个象限内；所述每组低频辐射环形线路（34）中均设置有至少一个加载透波支节（32）。1. A low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit, characterized in that it comprises a PCB substrate (33), four groups of low-frequency radiation ring circuits (34) printed on the PCB substrate (33) and four groups of loading patches (35 ); the printed surface of the PCB substrate (33) is a square, and the four groups of low-frequency radiation ring lines (34) and the four groups of loading patches (35) are respectively arranged symmetrically on the printed center of the PCB substrate (33) In the four quadrants of the formed rectangular coordinate system; each group of low-frequency radiation ring lines (34) is provided with at least one load-transmitting wave branch (32).2.根据权利要求1所述的低频透波辐射单元，其特征在于，所述低频辐射环形线路（34）包括方形的环形线路主体（341），所述加载透波支节（32）分别设置在方形环形线路主体（341）的四条边上。2. The low-frequency wave-transparent radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the low-frequency radiation ring circuit (34) includes a square ring-shaped circuit body (341), and the loading transparent wave branches (32) are respectively set On the four sides of the square ring circuit main body (341).3.根据权利要求2所述的低频透波辐射单元，其特征在于，所述四组低频辐射环形线路（34）呈“田”字形排列；所述加载透波支节（32）包括单边透波支节（321）和双边透波支节（322），每一方形环形线路主体（341）与另一方形的环形线路主体（341）相邻接的边上设置所述单边透波支节（321），非相邻的边上设置所述双边透波支节（322）。3. The low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, the four sets of low-frequency radiation ring lines (34) are arranged in the shape of a "field"; the loaded wave-transmitting branch (32) includes a single-sided The wave-transmitting branch (321) and the double-sided wave-transmitting branch (322), the unilateral wave-transmitting Branches (321), the bilateral wave-transparent branches (322) are arranged on non-adjacent sides.4.根据权利要求2所述的低频透波辐射单元，其特征在于，所述方形环形线路主体（341）的四个角的外边角为小倒圆角、内边角为大倒圆角，以使所述环形线路主体（341）形成若干U形分支。4. The low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, the outer corners of the four corners of the square ring circuit body (341) are small rounded corners, and the inner corners are large rounded corners, so that the ring circuit main body (341) forms several U-shaped branches.5.根据权利要求1所述的低频透波辐射单元，其特征在于，所述加载贴片（35）的位置相对低频辐射环形线路（34）的中心偏心设置。5. The low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, the position of the loading patch (35) is set eccentrically relative to the center of the low-frequency radiation loop line (34).6.一种多频共口径天线，包括反射板（1）、中频辐射天线（2），其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1-5任意一项所述的低频透波辐射单元（3）；所述中频辐射天线（2）、低频辐射天线（3）分别通过第一馈电线与第一支撑柱（20）、第二馈电线与第二支撑柱（30）与反射板（1）连接，且所述中频辐射天线（2）设置在反射板（1）与低频透波辐射单元（3）之间；所述低频透波辐射单元（3）与中频辐射天线（2）在垂直投影上具有重合区域，且所述低频辐射天线（3）上至少在重合区域设置有用于弱化中频段与低频段间的耦合效应的加载透波支节（32）。6. A multi-frequency common-aperture antenna, including a reflector (1) and an intermediate frequency radiation antenna (2), characterized in that it also includes a low-frequency wave-transmitting radiation unit (3) according to any one of claims 1-5 The intermediate frequency radiation antenna (2) and the low frequency radiation antenna (3) are respectively connected to the reflector (1) through the first feeder line and the first support column (20), the second feeder line and the second support column (30) , and the intermediate frequency radiation antenna (2) is arranged between the reflection plate (1) and the low frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3); the low frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3) and the intermediate frequency radiation antenna (2) are vertically projected There is an overlapping area, and the low-frequency radiation antenna (3) is provided with a loaded transparent wave branch (32) for weakening the coupling effect between the middle frequency band and the low frequency band at least in the overlapping area.7.根据权利要求6所述的多频共口径天线，其特征在于，至少所述反射板（1）、低频透波辐射单元（3）均为一个，所述中频辐射天线（2）为两个； 两个所述中频辐射天线（2）相邻且具有间隔区域，所述低频透波辐射单元（3）的第二馈电线与第二支撑柱（30）设置在间隔区域内，所述低频透波辐射单元（3）设置在间隔区域正上方，且所述低频透波辐射单元（3）的尺寸大于间隔区域的宽度。7. The multi-frequency common-aperture antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one reflector (1) and one low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3), and two medium-frequency radiation antennas (2) two of the intermediate frequency radiation antennas (2) are adjacent and have a separation area, the second feeder and the second support column (30) of the low frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3) are arranged in the separation area, the The low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3) is arranged directly above the interval area, and the size of the low-frequency transparent wave radiation unit (3) is larger than the width of the interval area.8.根据权利要求6所述的多频共口径天线，其特征在于，所述PCB基板（33）为双面板，其朝着反射板（1）方向的为下面板，反之为上面板；所述低频辐射环形线路（34）、所述加载贴片（35）以及加载透波支节（32）均设置在所述PCB基板（33）的下面板。8. The multi-frequency common-aperture antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, the PCB substrate (33) is a double-sided panel, and the one facing the reflector (1) is the lower panel, and the opposite is the upper panel; The low-frequency radiation loop line (34), the loading patch (35) and the loading transparent wave branch (32) are all arranged on the lower panel of the PCB substrate (33).9.根据权利要求8所述的多频共口径天线，其特征在于，所述低频透波辐射单元还包括馈电贴片组（36），所述馈电贴片组（36）位于所述PCB基板（33）上面板的中心区域。9. The multi-frequency common-aperture antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, the low-frequency wave-transparent radiating unit further includes a feeding patch group (36), and the feeding patch group (36) is located at the The central area of the upper panel of the PCB substrate (33).10.根据权利要求9所述的多频共口径天线，其特征在于，所述馈电贴片组（36）具有两个馈电贴片；每一馈电贴片具有两个端口，其中每一馈电贴片的一个端口连接第二馈电线，另一端口连接第二支撑柱（30）。10. The multi-frequency common-aperture antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, the feeding patch group (36) has two feeding patches; each feeding patch has two ports, wherein each One port of a feed patch is connected to the second feed line, and the other port is connected to the second support column (30).

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