CN116435129A - Operating elements for the operating device - Google Patents
Operating elements for the operating deviceDownload PDFInfo
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- CN116435129A CN116435129ACN202310006087.2ACN202310006087ACN116435129ACN 116435129 ACN116435129 ACN 116435129ACN 202310006087 ACN202310006087 ACN 202310006087ACN 116435129 ACN116435129 ACN 116435129A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
- H01H25/06—Operating part movable both angularly and rectilinearly, the rectilinear movement being along the axis of angular movement
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G5/00—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member
- G05G5/03—Means for enhancing the operator's awareness of arrival of the controlling member at a command or datum position; Providing feel, e.g. means for creating a counterforce
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
- H03K17/97—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using a magnetic movable element
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G1/00—Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
- G05G1/02—Controlling members for hand actuation by linear movement, e.g. push buttons
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/84—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by ergonomic functions, e.g. for miniature keyboards; characterised by operational sensory functions, e.g. sound feedback
- H01H13/85—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by ergonomic functions, e.g. for miniature keyboards; characterised by operational sensory functions, e.g. sound feedback characterised by tactile feedback features
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H2003/008—Mechanisms for operating contacts with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/96062—Touch switches with tactile or haptic feedback
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及用于操作装置的操作元件以及这种操作元件的用途，该操作元件带有探测单元，该探测单元基于霍尔传感器与至少一个磁体的共同作用。该探测单元依据操纵速度、操纵持续时间和/或在霍尔传感器和所述至少一个磁体之间的间距来检测操作元件的操纵，并且该操作元件提供相对应的触觉反馈。复位装置将操作元件复位到其初始位置中。根据本发明的操作元件可在转动按压调节器、按钮和/或滑移调节器中使用。The invention relates to an operating element for an operating device with a detection unit based on the interaction of a Hall sensor with at least one magnet and the use of such an operating element. The detection unit detects the actuation of the operating element as a function of the actuating speed, the duration of the actuating and/or the distance between the Hall sensor and the at least one magnet, and the operating element provides a corresponding tactile feedback. The reset device resets the operating element into its initial position. The operating element according to the invention can be used in rotary push-button actuators, buttons and/or sliding actuators.
背景技术Background technique
在车辆中，在操作电仪器和设备以及在控制建筑物功能时，可用的或要控制的功能的数量不断增加。为了使控制设计成可操纵的并且减少开关、按钮等的数量，开发越来越多地朝着多功能开关的方向发展，在所述多功能开关中可以仅利用一个操作单元来控制多个功能。已知的示例是车辆的转动按压调节器，其中借助于转动、按压和倾斜转动调节器，可以在不同的层级中选择菜单并且在这些功能内控制菜单。这种将功能合并到一个操作装置中此外节省了空间和成本。In vehicles, the number of functions available or to be controlled is constantly increasing when operating electrical instruments and equipment and when controlling building functions. In order to make the controls manipulable and to reduce the number of switches, buttons, etc., developments are increasingly directed towards multifunction switches in which several functions can be controlled with only one operating unit . A known example is the rotary push controller of a vehicle, in which menus can be selected in different levels and controlled within these functions by means of the rotary, push and tilt rotary controller. This combination of functions in one operating device also saves space and costs.
为了使得这种多功能操作装置的操作对于用户来说是直观的，提供触觉反馈。例如，这可以借助电子触觉反馈提供装置(例如压电元件、硅胶肌肉、不平衡电机或线圈、弹簧机构和/或声震盘(Knackscheibe))来完成，并且通过操作装置的表面处的不同触觉印象向用户发出如下信号，即，用户如何以及如有可能如何操纵操作装置。In order to make the operation of such a multifunctional operating device intuitive for the user, tactile feedback is provided. For example, this can be done by means of electronic tactile feedback provision devices (such as piezoelectric elements, silicone muscles, unbalanced motors or coils, spring mechanisms and/or acoustic shock discs (Knackscheibe)), and through different tactile sensations at the surface of the operating device The impressions signal to the user how and possibly how the user manipulated the operating device.
已知解决方案的缺点在于，所述解决方案只能在有限的范围内起作用。由此，尤其是只能补偿有限的结构高度或者只能提供有限的力补偿。虽然可以通过杠杆机构调整高度补偿，但在这种情况下必要的或允许的力发生变化。此外，所提及的技术解决方案容易遭受磨损，从而使得其仅具有有限的使用寿命。A disadvantage of the known solutions is that they only work to a limited extent. As a result, in particular only limited structural heights can be compensated or only limited force compensation can be provided. Although the height compensation can be adjusted via a lever mechanism, the necessary or permissible force changes in this case. Furthermore, the mentioned technical solutions are subject to wear, so that they have only a limited service life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此，本发明的任务在于提出一种操作装置或至少一种操作元件，其消除现有技术的缺点。所述操作元件因此应该能够尽可能无磨损地或至少低磨损地被使用并且优选地允许灵活使用。It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an operating device or at least one operating element which eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art. The operating element should therefore be able to be used as wear-free as possible or at least with low wear and preferably allow flexible use.
本发明的任务利用根据本发明的操作元件和根据本发明的用途来解决。本发明的其他优选的设计方案由其余实施方案得出。The object of the invention is solved with the operating element according to the invention and the use according to the invention. Other preferred designs of the present invention are derived from the remaining embodiments.
根据本发明的操作元件设置用于操作装置并且形成为带有：探测装置，该探测装置具有霍尔传感器和至少一个磁体，所述霍尔传感器和所述至少一个磁体在所述操作元件的操纵方向上共同作用，并且所述探测装置依据操纵速度、操纵持续时间和/或在所述至少一个磁体和所述霍尔传感器之间的间距来检测所述操作元件的操纵；用于提供与检测到的操纵相对应的触觉反馈的装置；以及复位装置，所述复位装置用于将所述操作元件复位到所述操作元件的初始位置中。The operating element according to the invention is provided for an operating device and is formed with a detection device having a Hall sensor and at least one magnet which are used during the actuation of the operating element. cooperating in direction, and the detection device detects the actuation of the operating element depending on the actuation speed, the duration of the actuation and/or the distance between the at least one magnet and the Hall sensor; for providing and detecting A device for tactile feedback corresponding to the manipulation received; and a reset device for resetting the operating element to the initial position of the operating element.
因此，根据本发明的操作元件可以是任何类型的操作装置的一部分或形成这样的操作装置。在此，可以被理解为操作装置的是如下设备，用户可以利用该设备来控制功能单元、如加热装置或音乐播放装置，例如以便在车辆中调整内部温度或播放的音乐的音量，同样地如建筑物中的室内空调。所提出的操作元件在此选择性地是可用于这种控制的操作装置的唯一的操作元件或多个操作元件之一。Thus, the operating element according to the invention may be part of any type of operating device or form such an operating device. An operating device is to be understood here as a device with which a user can control a functional unit, such as a heating device or a music playback device, for example in order to adjust the interior temperature or the volume of music played in a vehicle, likewise as Room air conditioning in buildings. The proposed operating element is optionally the only operating element or one of several operating elements of the operating device available for such a control.
为了可以通过操作元件将输入传输到要控制的功能单元，设置有控制装置，该控制装置评价操作装置的所述一个或多个操作元件的操纵并且将其转换成相应的控制信号。该操作装置可以自身设置在操作装置中或与该操作装置共同作用。In order to be able to transmit inputs via the operating elements to the functional units to be controlled, a control device is provided which evaluates the actuation of the one or more operating elements of the operating device and converts them into corresponding control signals. The actuating device can itself be arranged in the actuating device or cooperate with the actuating device.
操作元件可以构造为按键或旋钮(按钮)、滑移调节器、转动开关或转动按压调节器。在此，用于实现操纵的操作元件分别具有固定的元件和相对于该固定的元件沿操纵方向以及逆着操纵方向可运动的元件。操作元件还具有探测装置和用于提供触觉反馈的装置。The operating element can be designed as a push button or as a rotary knob (button), as a sliding actuator, as a rotary switch or as a rotary push actuator. In this case, the operating elements for the actuation each have a fixed element and an element that is movable relative to the fixed element in the direction of actuation and against the direction of actuation. The operating element also has detection means and means for providing tactile feedback.
探测装置形成为带有霍尔传感器和至少一个磁体。在操作元件构造为为了操纵被按压的按键的情况下或在构造为滑移调节器的情况下，通常一个磁体就足够了。然而，根据具体设计而定，可以为探测装置设置另外的磁体。在构造为转动开关的情况下，应设置多个磁体，以便能够识别转动开关的转动位置。可选地，能够以不同的布置模式设置多个磁体，其中，布置模式形成用于操作元件的位置的编码。这尤其是在可转动的操作元件的情况下适用。The detection device is formed with a Hall sensor and at least one magnet. If the operating element is designed for actuating a pressed button or as a sliding actuator, a magnet is usually sufficient. However, depending on the specific design, additional magnets may be provided for the detection means. In the case of a configuration as a rotary switch, several magnets should be provided in order to be able to detect the rotary position of the rotary switch. Alternatively, a plurality of magnets can be arranged in different arrangement patterns, wherein the arrangement pattern forms a code for the position of the operating element. This applies in particular in the case of rotatable operating elements.
霍尔传感器和所述至少一个磁体在操纵方向上共同作用。在滑移调节器的情况下，操纵方向相应于如下方向，滑移件应在该方向上运动。这同样适用于按键，此处操纵方向相应于在操纵时的压力方向。在转动开关的情况下，操纵方向是转动开关的旋转。The Hall sensor and the at least one magnet cooperate in the direction of actuation. In the case of a sliding actuator, the actuation direction corresponds to the direction in which the sliding part is to move. The same applies to keys, where the direction of actuation corresponds to the direction of pressure during actuation. In the case of a rotary switch, the actuation direction is the rotation of the rotary switch.
霍尔传感器如此布置在操作元件中，使得一旦至少一个磁体沿着操纵方向接近或通过之后的复位而远离，则该霍尔传感器以其场强的影响的形式检测所述至少一个磁体的接近。优选地，所述至少一个磁体在此布置在操作元件的在被操纵时要在操纵方向上运动的元件处，并且霍尔传感器布置在操作元件的固定的元件处。The Hall sensor is arranged in the operating element in such a way that it detects the approach of the at least one magnet in the form of an influence of its field strength as soon as the at least one magnet approaches in the actuation direction or moves away by subsequent resetting. Preferably, the at least one magnet is arranged on the element of the actuating element that is to be moved in the actuation direction when it is actuated, and the Hall sensor is arranged on the fixed element of the actuating element.
所述至少一个磁体的接近的检测在此被认作是霍尔传感器与至少一个磁体的共同作用。在此，也检测所述至少一个磁体以什么速度接近霍尔传感器(操纵速度)、所述至少一个磁体多长时间地影响霍尔传感器的场强(操纵持续时间)和/或所述至少一个磁体与霍尔传感器隔开什么间距地定位。The detection of the approach of the at least one magnet is here considered to be the interaction of the Hall sensor with the at least one magnet. In this case, it is also detected at what speed the at least one magnet approaches the Hall sensor (actuation speed), how long the at least one magnet influences the field strength of the Hall sensor (actuation duration) and/or the at least one The magnets are positioned at a certain distance from the Hall sensors.
这些探测到的信息表征操作元件的操纵的类型和程度并且被传输给已经提到的控制装置，该控制装置将其与要控制的功能相关联并且将其转换成控制信号以对其产生影响。This detected information characterizes the type and degree of actuation of the operating element and is transmitted to the already mentioned control device, which associates it with the function to be controlled and converts it into a control signal in order to influence it.
因而所述至少一个磁体的快速接近例如可以意味着在选择菜单中的选择或要控制的功能以一个单位进行的调整。在温度调节、即向上或向下调整1度的情况下。保持按压按键导致所述至少一个磁体保留在相对于霍尔传感器的位置中，并且同样可以依据停留时间来实现对选择参数的调整或影响。示例性地提及的是被播放的音乐音量的调整，在这里操作元件的保持按压可意味着连续向上或向下调整。同样地也可以引起光颜色的调整，如果操作元件为此设置。A quick approach of the at least one magnet can thus mean, for example, a selection in a selection menu or an adjustment of the function to be controlled by one unit. In the case of temperature adjustment, ie an adjustment of 1 degree up or down. Keeping the key pressed causes the at least one magnet to remain in position relative to the Hall sensor, and adjustment or influence of the selected parameter can likewise be effected as a function of the dwell time. An example of this is the adjustment of the volume of the music being played, in which case a constant pressing of the operating element can mean a continuous upward or downward adjustment. Likewise, an adjustment of the light color can also be brought about if the operating element is provided for this purpose.
此外，操纵速度、操纵持续时间和/或在所述至少一个磁体与霍尔传感器之间的间距的组合可以在其整体方面限定为操作序列。在此，此外操作元件的操纵频率也可以被囊括到操作序列中。例如，操作序列可以包括两次保持长按压的操纵和然后两次保持短按压的操纵。操作序列还可以包含速度序列，即例如在操纵元件的足够长的行程的情况下首先带有快速操纵的区段，并且然后在第二区段中带有慢速操纵(或者反过来)。Furthermore, the combination of the actuation speed, the actuation duration and/or the distance between the at least one magnet and the Hall sensor can be defined in its entirety as an actuation sequence. In this case, the actuation frequency of the operating element can also be included in the operating sequence. For example, the sequence of operations may comprise two manipulations of holding a long press and then two manipulations of holding a short press. The operating sequence can also contain a speed sequence, ie, for example, with a sufficiently long stroke of the actuating element first a section with a fast actuation and then in a second section with a slow actuation (or vice versa).
为了使用户获得关于操作元件的操纵的反馈，设置一种用于提供触觉反馈的装置。此处可以使用已知的反馈机构，如其由现有技术已知的那样。作为示例提及的是压电元件、硅胶肌肉、不平衡电机、线圈、弹簧机构和/或声震盘。它们由于检测到操作元件的操纵而被操控并提供相对应的触觉反馈。这种触觉反馈可以是例如说明完成操纵的短振动。In order for the user to receive feedback about the actuation of the operating element, a device is provided for providing tactile feedback. Known feedback mechanisms can be used here, as they are known from the prior art. Mentioned as examples are piezoelectric elements, silicone muscles, unbalanced motors, coils, spring mechanisms and/or sonic discs. They are actuated by detecting the actuation of the operating element and provide corresponding tactile feedback. Such tactile feedback may be, for example, a short vibration indicating that the manipulation is completed.
最后，操作元件具有复位装置，当操作行为结束时，该复位装置使操作元件运动回到其初始位置中，从而可以重新操纵该操作元件。复位装置例如可以与复位弹簧、作用为相反极的磁体、压缩空气或与其他合适的装置一起形成或起作用。Finally, the actuating element has a reset device, which moves the actuating element back into its initial position when the actuating action has ended, so that it can be actuated again. The return means can for example be formed or act with return springs, magnets acting as opposite poles, compressed air or with other suitable means.
利用如此构造的操作元件，可以在磨损少的情况下以及实时地检测操作元件的操纵。可以可选地改变或设定应利用操作元件控制或调整哪个功能。操作元件也可以如此与控制装置耦合，使得第一操纵或操纵序列选择要控制的功能并且第二操纵或操纵序列影响或调整所选择的功能。With an operating element configured in this way, actuation of the operating element can be detected with little wear and in real time. Which function is to be controlled or adjusted with the operating element can optionally be changed or set. The operating element can also be coupled to the control device in such a way that a first actuation or actuation sequence selects the function to be controlled and a second actuation or actuation sequence influences or adjusts the selected function.
在操作元件的第一优选设计方案中，用于提供触觉反馈的装置形成为带有磁芯和将磁芯磁化的线圈以及另外的磁体。因此应该以电磁方式提供触觉反馈。In a first preferred refinement of the operating element, the means for providing tactile feedback is formed with a magnetic core and a coil magnetizing the magnetic core as well as further magnets. Haptic feedback should therefore be provided electromagnetically.
为此，设置有磁芯和将磁芯磁化的线圈以及另外的磁体，但是该另外的磁体不与探测装置的霍尔传感器共同作用。磁芯和线圈优选地布置在操作元件的固定的元件处，并且所述另外的磁体布置在操作元件的在被操纵时在操纵方向上运动的元件处。然而，不应明确排除反过来的布置结构。For this purpose, a magnetic core and a coil magnetizing the magnetic core as well as a further magnet are provided, but this further magnet does not interact with the Hall sensors of the detection device. The magnetic core and the coil are preferably arranged on the fixed element of the actuating element, and the further magnet is arranged on the element of the actuating element that moves in the actuation direction when it is actuated. However, the reverse arrangement should not be explicitly excluded.
如果现在磁芯通过线圈磁化，则可以通过快速的电压转变来引起磁场的反转，并且因此可以模拟来自声震盘、振动等或以声震盘、振动等形式的触觉反馈。If the core is now magnetized by the coil, a reversal of the magnetic field can be induced by a rapid voltage transition and thus tactile feedback from or in the form of a sonic disc, vibration, etc. can be simulated.
通过根据本发明的操作元件的这种设计方案提供了几乎无磨损的操作元件。根据线圈的操控而定，可以单独设定触觉反馈的类型和程度，从而可以根据要控制的功能和操纵而定来提供不同的反馈类型和/或反馈强度。This configuration of the actuating element according to the invention provides an almost wear-free actuating element. Depending on the manipulation of the coils, the type and degree of haptic feedback can be set individually, so that different feedback types and/or feedback strengths can be provided depending on the function and manipulation to be controlled.
优选地，用于提供触觉反馈的装置可以具有伺服电机，所述伺服电机设置成用于使所述磁芯沿所述操作元件的操纵方向以及逆着所述操作元件的操纵方向移动。伺服电机因此如此与磁芯处于接合，使得该伺服电机可以使磁芯沿所述操作元件的操纵方向以及逆着所述操作元件的操纵方向移动。在此，线圈如此构造和布置，使得始终确保磁芯的磁化。Preferably, the device for providing tactile feedback can have a servomotor which is provided for moving the magnetic core in the direction of actuation of the operating element and counter to the direction of actuation of the operating element. The servomotor is thus engaged with the magnetic core in such a way that it can move the magnetic core in the direction of actuation of the actuating element and counter to the direction of actuation of the actuating element. In this case, the coils are constructed and arranged in such a way that the magnetization of the magnetic core is always ensured.
通过磁芯的运动使磁芯接近另外的磁体或远离所述另外的磁体。由于作用的磁力，因此可以影响所述另外的磁体的位置。当使磁芯接近并且相应地定向磁场时，该磁芯被排斥。如果可运动的元件构造为在运动方向上带有足够的运动余地(Bewegungsspielraum)，则该可运动的元件利用所述另外的磁体从磁芯排斥并且操作元件的可运动的元件的可用运动路程增大。操作元件的可运动的元件因此逆着操纵方向移动，即在按键的情况下按键行程增大。在磁化反转时，操作元件的可运动的元件的行程或运动路程可被减小。The movement of the magnetic core brings the magnetic core closer to or further away from the further magnet. Due to the acting magnetic force, the position of the further magnet can thus be influenced. When the core is brought into proximity and the magnetic field is oriented accordingly, the core is repelled. If the movable element is configured with sufficient freedom of movement in the direction of movement, the movable element is repelled from the magnetic core by means of the further magnet and the available movement distance of the movable element of the operating element increases. big. The movable element of the operating element is thus moved counter to the actuation direction, ie the key stroke is increased in the case of a key. When the magnetization is reversed, the travel or movement distance of the movable element of the operating element can be reduced.
然而，如果可运动的元件没有运动余地来提供更大的运动路程，则磁芯的移动的作用也可用于在操纵操作元件时提供更高的反压力。However, if the movable element has no room for movement to provide a greater path of movement, the effect of the movement of the magnetic core can also be used to provide a higher counterpressure when the actuating element is actuated.
在根据本发明的操作元件的下一个设计方案中，所述操作元件具有用于提供所述操作元件的限定的运动路程的执行装置(Stelleinrichtung)。该执行装置应与前面的设计方案区别地理解为单独的、独立的执行装置，该执行装置设置用于提供限定的运动路程。这种执行装置可以优选地构造为带有执行螺纹件和伺服电机。借助执行装置使操作元件的可运动的元件相对于固定的元件的位置沿操纵方向或逆着操纵方向运动，以便减少或增加可用的运动路程。如前已经示例性提到的那样，运动路程在按键的情况下相应于其行程。In a further embodiment of the actuating element according to the invention, the actuating element has an actuating device for providing a defined path of movement of the actuating element. In contrast to the preceding configurations, this actuator is to be understood as a separate, independent actuator which is provided to provide a defined path of movement. Such an actuating device can preferably be designed with an actuating screw and a servomotor. The position of the movable element of the actuating element relative to the fixed element is moved in or against the actuating direction by means of the actuating device in order to reduce or increase the available movement path. As already mentioned by way of example, the movement path corresponds to the travel of a key in the case of a key.
因此可以提供用于操纵操作元件的限定的运动路程。这可以是有利的，以便调整操作行为和用户对操作行为的感知。由此，对于功能的短选择，短的运动路程足以向用户传达操作元件已经被操纵。在其他功能的情况下或可选地由于个人用户偏好，更大的运动路程可以是值得期望的。A defined path of movement for actuating the operating element can thus be provided. This can be advantageous in order to adjust the operating behavior and the user's perception of the operating behavior. Thus, for a short selection of a function, a short movement path is sufficient to convey to the user that the operating element has been actuated. A greater range of motion may be desirable in the context of other functions or optionally due to personal user preference.
另一个设计方案设置成，根据所述操作元件的可用的运动路程、操纵速度、操纵持续时间和/或在所述操作元件的操纵方向上在磁体和霍尔传感器之间的间距而在操纵方向上构造至少两个操纵参考点。该设计方案的目的是也在操作元件的操纵方向上在不同位置处实现功能调整、功能的选择和/或触觉反馈的触发或调整。因此可以在操纵方向上提供操作元件的多重功能。Another refinement provides that, as a function of the available travel path of the operating element, the actuating speed, the duration of the actuating and/or the distance between the magnet and the Hall sensor in the actuating direction of the operating element Construct at least two manipulation reference points above. The purpose of this refinement is also to enable function adjustment, selection of a function and/or activation or adjustment of the tactile feedback at different positions in the direction of actuation of the operating element. Multiple functions of the operating element can thus be provided in the direction of actuation.
为了实现这一点，应该提供操作元件的至少两个操纵参考点。这应该是在探测装置的霍尔传感器与所述至少一个磁体之间的事先限定的相对位置，在到达该相对位置时触发反应。因此，如果探测装置探测到到达这样的相对位置、即这样的操纵参考点，则这借助控制装置实现相应的动作、例如功能的选择、功能参数的调整或者触觉反馈的触发或调整。如此，在到达第一操纵参考点时，触觉反馈能以短的、轻的振动的形式实现，并且在操作元件被持续操纵并且由此到达第二操纵参考点的情况下，可以提供更强烈的振动以便确认操纵或发出例如操作元件止挡在其最大位置中的信号。In order to achieve this, at least two actuation reference points of the operating element should be provided. This should be a predefined relative position between the Hall sensor of the detection device and the at least one magnet, upon reaching which relative position triggers a reaction. Thus, if the detection device detects that such a relative position, ie such an actuation reference point, is reached, this enables a corresponding action by means of the control device, such as selection of a function, adjustment of a function parameter or triggering or adjustment of a tactile feedback. In this way, tactile feedback can be realized in the form of short, light vibrations when the first actuation reference point is reached and, when the operating element is continuously actuated and thus reaches the second actuation reference point, a more intense tactile feedback can be provided. Vibration is used to confirm the actuation or to signal, for example, that the operating element has stopped in its maximum position.
为此，操作元件的运动路程应选择性地足够大或能够设定成足够大，由此探测装置可以根据探测精度而定地检测在霍尔传感器与所述至少一个磁体之间的多个限定的相对位置。操纵参考点那么根据可用的运动路程以长度比的形式限定，例如限定为可用的运动路程的三分之一点。For this purpose, the movement distance of the operating element should optionally be large enough or can be set sufficiently large, so that the detection device can detect a plurality of limits between the Hall sensor and the at least one magnet depending on the detection accuracy. relative position. The actuation reference point is then defined in the form of a length ratio depending on the available movement path, for example as a third point of the available movement path.
备选地或附加地，所述至少两个操纵参考点的提供能够以在探测装置的霍尔传感器与所述至少一个磁体之间的绝对间距的形式来限定。Alternatively or additionally, the provision of the at least two actuation reference points can be defined in the form of an absolute distance between a Hall sensor of the detection device and the at least one magnet.
操纵速度和/或操纵持续时间也可以与操纵参考点的提供相关。如此可以设置成，在操作元件被足够慢地操纵的情况下提供这些操纵参考点中的多个操纵参考点，而在高操纵速度的情况下则不提供操纵参考点。与此类似，在操作元件的较高的操纵持续时间的情况下提供这些操纵参考点中的多个操纵参考点，而在短的操纵持续时间的情况下则不提供操纵参考点。短时间的操纵在此可以相应于菜单或子菜单的选择，而较长时间的操纵相应于功能参数的调整。The maneuvering speed and/or the maneuvering duration can also be related to the provision of the maneuvering reference point. It can thus be provided that a plurality of these actuation reference points are provided when the operating element is actuated sufficiently slowly, whereas no actuation reference points are provided at high actuation speeds. Similarly, in the case of a high actuation period of the operating element, several of these actuation reference points are provided, while in the case of a short actuation period no actuation reference point is provided. A short-term actuation can correspond to a selection of a menu or a submenu, while a longer-term actuation can correspond to an adjustment of a function parameter.
操作元件也可以如此扩展，使得所述复位装置能够关于其复位力进行设定和/或所述操作元件能够借助所述复位装置从操作位置运动到静止位置中，以及反过来。复位装置主要设置用于将操作元件复位到其初始位置中、即操作元件在被操纵之前所处的位置中。根据扩展方案，该复位装置的复位力应该是可设定的。The actuating element can also be extended in such a way that the resetting device can be set with regard to its resetting force and/or the actuating element can be moved by means of the resetting device from an actuated position into a rest position and vice versa. The reset device is primarily provided for resetting the operating element into its initial position, ie the position in which the operating element was before being actuated. According to a development, the restoring force of the restoring device should be adjustable.
在具有复位弹簧的构造方案中，可以通过例如借助滑移件或伺服电机影响弹簧张紧力或通过影响弹簧长度来设定复位弹簧的弹簧力。通过复位装置的经调整的复位力，可以影响复位的速度。然而，同时由此也可以提供在操纵操作元件时对于用户可感觉到的阻力，从而用户必须以限定的力耗费来操纵操作元件。因此可以防止在不小心触摸的情况下发生意外操纵。提高的操纵阻力也可以是用户的个人偏好。In the configuration with a return spring, the spring force of the return spring can be set by influencing the spring tension, for example by means of a slide or a servomotor, or by influencing the spring length. The speed of the reset can be influenced by the adjusted reset force of the reset device. At the same time, however, it is also possible to provide a perceptible resistance to the user when actuating the operating element, so that the user must actuate the operating element with a defined effort. Accidental manipulation in case of inadvertent touch is thus prevented. Increased steering resistance may also be a personal preference of the user.
备选地或附加地，借助复位装置可以实现从操作元件的操作位置到操作元件的静止位置中的运动。操作位置在此相应于在操作元件被操纵时的初始位置。静止位置应是操作元件的如下位置，操作元件在操作元件不使用或不要被使用时保留在该位置中。这尤其可以是沉入的位置，在该沉入的位置中，操作元件的表面基本上与周围表面齐平对准。Alternatively or additionally, a movement from the actuated position of the actuating element into the rest position of the actuating element can be effected by means of the reset device. The operating position here corresponds to the initial position when the operating element is actuated. The rest position should be the position of the operating element in which the operating element remains when the operating element is not in use or is not to be used. This can in particular be a sunken position in which the surface of the operating element is aligned substantially flush with the surrounding surface.
因此复位装置现在应该如此构造，使得该复位装置可以使操作元件在上述两个位置之间运动。这也可以尤其是借助设定复位力来实现。这首先在操作元件附加地在可选的设计方案中借助柔性的表面覆盖件、例如纺织材料覆盖时适用，该纺织材料也遮盖周围表面并因此导致视觉均匀性。如果操作元件处于其静止位置中，该操作元件是沉入的，并且柔性的表面覆盖件均匀地并且在没有凸起的情况下覆盖操作元和周围的面。该行为也称为变形。如果要使操作元件运动到其操作位置中，则可以例如增加复位弹簧的复位力，从而柔性的表面覆盖件的反作用力被补偿并且使操作元件从面水平伸出并且可见，并且因此也变得可操作。The resetting device should therefore now be designed in such a way that it can move the actuating element between the above-mentioned two positions. This can also be achieved in particular by setting the restoring force. This applies above all if the operating element is additionally covered in an optional configuration by means of a flexible surface covering, for example a textile material, which also covers the surrounding surface and thus leads to visual homogeneity. When the operating element is in its rest position, it is sunken and the flexible surface covering covers the operating element and the surrounding area evenly and without protrusions. This behavior is also known as deformation. If the operating element is to be moved into its operating position, the return force of the return spring can be increased, for example, so that the counterforce of the flexible surface covering is compensated and the operating element protrudes horizontally from the surface and becomes visible and thus also becomes operable.
类似的作用也可以通过与伺服电机共同作用的用于提供触觉反馈的装置产生，所述用于提供触觉反馈的装置在其设计方案中具有磁芯、线圈和另外的磁体，或者通过用于提供限定的运动路程的执行装置的适合的扩展方案来产生。A similar effect can also be produced by a device for providing tactile feedback cooperating with the servomotor, said device for providing tactile feedback has a magnetic core, a coil and an additional magnet in its design, or by a device for providing A suitable expansion of the actuator with a defined movement path is produced.
操作元件另外可以具有触敏表面、阻尼器装置、显示装置和/或柔性的表面覆盖件。The operating element can additionally have a touch-sensitive surface, a damper device, a display device and/or a flexible surface covering.
触敏表面是如下表面，该表面检测用户的触摸。这可以借助覆层或薄膜(“触摸薄膜”)以及与控制装置的耦合来实现。以这种方式，可以提供用于操纵的另外的平面。例如可以设置成，操作元件设置成用于控制多个功能，这些功能可以通过在触敏表面上划动、(仅)以轻的压力触摸或短时间敲击来切换或转变。借此选择的位置的功能参数的调整然后如上文阐释的那样通过操纵操作元件以及探测霍尔传感器和所述至少一个磁体的共同作用而发生。所选择的要控制的功能的另外的可能结果也可以是触觉反馈的类型和程度的变化。A touch-sensitive surface is a surface that detects a user's touch. This can be achieved by means of a coating or film (“touch film”) and a coupling to the control unit. In this way, an additional plane for manipulation can be provided. For example, it can be provided that the operating element is provided for controlling a plurality of functions which can be switched or switched by swiping on the touch-sensitive surface, touching (only) with light pressure or briefly tapping. The setting of the function parameter of the position thus selected then takes place as explained above by actuating the operating element and detecting the interaction of the Hall sensor and the at least one magnet. A further possible consequence of the selected function to be controlled may also be a change in the type and degree of haptic feedback.
操作元件中的阻尼器装置应设置成用于减少在操纵操作元件时的声音和/或冲击，从而在用户将操作元件带到止挡或简单地用力操纵时用户不会感到不愉快的冲击，或者操作元件的操纵可以安静地发生。The damper device in the operating element shall be arranged to reduce the sound and/or the shock when the operating element is actuated so that the user does not experience an unpleasant shock when the user brings the operating element to the stop or simply actuates it with force, or The actuation of the operating elements can take place quietly.
显示装置应实现：不必在操作元件上设置持久的或甚至静态的标记，持久的或甚至静态的标记与操作元件的灵活使用相矛盾。取而代之，显示装置分别应显示要控制的功能以及可选地显示要控制的功能参数。本身已知的装置可用于显示装置。The display device should be such that it is not necessary to provide permanent or even static markings on the operating elements, which would be incompatible with flexible use of the operating elements. Instead, the display device should respectively display the function to be controlled and optionally the parameter of the function to be controlled. Devices known per se can be used for the display device.
柔性的表面覆盖件已经在之前结合借助于复位装置对操作元件的调节进行了说明。柔性的表面覆盖件可以是纺织材料、柔性塑料或同类物，其覆盖或遮盖操作元件并且因此影响操作元件在使用时的外观和触觉感知。在此，柔性的表面覆盖件可以仅在操作元件上延伸，或者也可以延伸到其周围上，从而如前面已经阐述的那样操作元件只有在操作元件运动到其操作位置中并且在此克服柔性的表面覆盖件的反作用力时才可看到以及可抓握。The flexible surface covering has already been described above in connection with the adjustment of the operating element by means of a reset device. The flexible surface covering can be a textile material, flexible plastic or the like, which covers or conceals the operating element and thus affects the appearance and tactile perception of the operating element during use. In this case, the flexible surface covering can extend only over the actuating element or also over its circumference, so that, as already explained above, the actuating element can only be moved when the actuating element is moved into its actuating position and thereby overcome the flexible The reaction force of the surface covering is only visible and grippable.
根据本发明的操作元件的一个设计方案，所述操作元件具有附加的磁体，所述附加的磁体如此布置和定向，使得所述附加的磁体影响所述操作元件的运动方向。所述附加的磁体既不相应于探测装置的所述至少一个磁体，也不相应于所述另外的磁体，所述另外的磁体与磁芯和将磁芯磁化的线圈一起提供触觉反馈。这些附加的磁体仅用于在操作元件运动期间定向和引导操作元件，从而不需要其他引导元件，例如引导肋，并且可以实现操作元件的低摩擦或无摩擦的引导。操作元件的运动方向的影响因此受到影响并且尤其是受到限制。According to one configuration of the actuating element according to the invention, the actuating element has an additional magnet which is arranged and oriented in such a way that it influences the direction of movement of the actuating element. The additional magnet corresponds neither to the at least one magnet of the detection device nor to the further magnet which together with the magnetic core and the coil magnetizing the magnetic core provides a tactile feedback. These additional magnets serve only to orient and guide the operating element during its movement, so that no further guiding elements, such as guide ribs, are required and low-friction or friction-free guiding of the operating element can be achieved. The influence of the direction of movement of the operating element is thus influenced and in particular limited.
当反馈的强度、类型和/或持续时间和/或操作元件的可用的运动路程可以被设定时，特别考虑根据本发明的操作元件的灵活性。如已经阐释的那样，根据用于提供触觉反馈的装置的具体设计方案而定来进行适配，例如与所选择的功能或要控制的功能参数相适配。The flexibility of the control element according to the invention is in particular taken into account if the intensity, type and/or duration of the feedback and/or the available movement path of the control element can be set. As already explained, the adaptation takes place depending on the specific design of the device for providing tactile feedback, for example to the selected function or the function parameter to be controlled.
附加地，在该设计方案中，应单独地根据情况和/或根据个人可设定触觉反馈的类型、强度和/或持续时间和/或操作元件的可用的运动路程。In addition, in this refinement, the type, intensity and/or duration of the tactile feedback and/or the available movement path of the operating element should be individually adjustable depending on the situation and/or on an individual basis.
为了清楚起见应假设，操作元件设置在由多人使用的车辆中。触觉反馈的类型、强度和/或持续时间和/或操作元件的可用的运动路程的根据个人的调整可以为每个用户提供用户偏爱的触觉反馈和/或运动路程，例如以便在更敏感的人的情况下提供比其他人更弱的反馈。例如如果一个用户偏爱振动作为触觉反馈，而另一个用户偏爱声震盘的感觉或偏爱更高的按键行程而不是短的按键行程，也可以迎合个人偏好。For the sake of clarity, it should be assumed that the operating element is arranged in a vehicle used by several persons. An individual adjustment of the type, intensity and/or duration of the tactile feedback and/or the available movement path of the operating element can provide each user with a user-preferred tactile feedback and/or movement path, for example for more sensitive people Some cases provide weaker feedback than others. Personal preference can also be catered for, for example if one user prefers vibration as tactile feedback while another prefers the feel of a sonic vibrator or prefers a higher key travel rather than a short key travel.
个人喜好和偏好可以经由在当前的车辆中通常的车辆的显示和输入装置来设定，并且然后借助控制装置在操纵操作元件时实现。哪个用户正在使用机动车和由此非常有概率也使用操作元件可以通过已知的用于识别机动车用户、例如用于依据车辆钥匙中的应答器进行识别的解决方案来识别或通过车辆的内部空间监测来识别。Personal preferences and preferences can be set via the usual display and input devices of the vehicle in current vehicles and can then be implemented by means of the control device when the operating elements are actuated. Which user is using the motor vehicle and thus very likely also uses the operating elements can be identified by means of known solutions for identifying the motor vehicle user, for example by means of a transponder in the vehicle key, or by means of the interior of the vehicle Space monitoring to identify.
除了个人喜好之外，环境条件也可使不同类型、强度和/或持续时间的触觉反馈和/或可用的运动路程成为值得期望的。以上文提及的车辆中的操作元件为例，当在扩建的道路上行驶时，带有短的持续时间的较小的触觉反馈足以让用户感知到该触觉反馈。操作元件的短的运动路程也将是足够的，因为在良好的道路情况下操作元件的灵敏操纵是非常有概率实现的。在崎岖不平的地形或崎岖不平的道路上行驶时，可能需要的是：触觉反馈更强和更长时间地施加，并且如有可能还以不同的类型提供，例如借助振动而不是模仿声震盘。如果在崎岖不平的道路情况下不能实现操作元件的精确操纵，则操作元件的较长运动路程也可以是有帮助的。存在哪些环境条件能够依据车辆自身的传感器装置(如其当今常见的那样)来探测并且因此通过事先限定的针对反馈的类型、强度和/或持续时间的规定来进行设定。In addition to personal preference, environmental conditions may also make it desirable to have different types, intensities, and/or durations of haptic feedback and/or available motion ranges. Taking the above-mentioned operating elements in vehicles as an example, a small tactile feedback with a short duration is sufficient for the user to perceive the tactile feedback when driving on extended roads. A short path of movement of the operating element will also be sufficient, since a sensitive actuation of the operating element is very likely to be possible in good road conditions. When driving on rough terrain or rough roads, it may be desirable that the tactile feedback be stronger and applied for a longer period of time, and if possible also of a different type, e.g. by means of vibration instead of imitating a sonic shock disc . A longer movement path of the operating element can also be helpful if precise actuation of the operating element is not possible in rough road conditions. Which ambient conditions exist can be detected by means of the vehicle's own sensor system (as it is common today) and are therefore set by predefined provisions for the type, intensity and/or duration of the feedback.
根据本发明的操作元件应优选地在车辆中使用、在计算单元处使用或用于计算单元和/或用于建筑控制。The operating element according to the invention should preferably be used in a vehicle, at or for a computing unit and/or for building control.
在车辆中，可以设置操作元件，例如用于控制音乐或声音、内部空间照明、环境照明和照明场景，以用于控制内部空间气候(温度和/或吹风强度)、座椅加热、方向盘加热等，其中，操作元件分别可以设置用于这些功能之一或可以设置为带有用于所提出的功能中的多个或所有的借助显示装置、操纵参考点等的多级操纵层级的操作元件。In vehicles, operating elements can be provided, e.g. for controlling music or sound, interior lighting, ambient lighting and lighting scenes for controlling interior climate (temperature and/or blowing intensity), seat heating, steering wheel heating, etc. , wherein the operating element can each be provided for one of these functions or can be provided as an operating element with a multi-level operating hierarchy for several or all of the proposed functions by means of a display device, operating reference points, etc.
然而，操作元件也可以在计算单元处使用或用于计算单元，例如个人计算机或笔记本电脑，如通过操纵杆、计算机鼠标等已知的那样。However, the operating element can also be used on or for a computing unit, such as a personal computer or a laptop, as is known with joysticks, computer mice, and the like.
根据本发明的操作元件还可以设置用于控制建筑物和/或房间参数。为了控制房间和建筑物的空气温度、照明或阴影等参数以及其他技术参数，在许多建筑物中在每个房间中都安装有输入终端，在所述输入终端处可以选择和影响这些参数。为此也可以使用根据本发明的操作元件。The operating element according to the invention can also be provided for controlling building and/or room parameters. In order to control parameters such as air temperature, lighting or shading and other technical parameters of rooms and buildings, in many buildings an input terminal is installed in each room where these parameters can be selected and influenced. The operating element according to the invention can also be used for this purpose.
本发明提供了一种低磨损的探测装置并且由此也提供了一种低磨损的操作元件。该操作元件可以设置用于控制功能，但也可以通过将其与控制装置耦合和/或通过合适的菜单设计来灵活地调整或用于控制多级的操作层级。在可选的设计方案中，触觉反馈的类型、持续时间和/或强度、在操纵时的阻力和/或可用的运动路程可以被调整。The invention provides a low-wear detection device and thus also a low-wear operating element. The operating element can be provided for control functions, but can also be flexibly adjusted or used to control multi-level operating levels by coupling it to a control device and/or by suitable menu design. In an optional configuration, the type, duration and/or intensity of the tactile feedback, the resistance during manipulation and/or the available movement path can be adjusted.
本申请中提及的本发明的不同实施方式，只要在单独情况下未另外实施，可以有利地相互组合。The different embodiments of the invention mentioned in this application can be advantageously combined with one another, as long as they are not implemented otherwise in individual cases.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面依据相关附图在实施例中阐释本发明。其中：The present invention is explained below in embodiments based on the associated drawings. in:
图1以原理性剖面图示出根据本发明的操作元件的示例性结构；并且FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of an operating element according to the invention in a schematic sectional view; and
图2示出图1中的操作元件的扩展方案和可能的应用。FIG. 2 shows a further development and a possible use of the control element from FIG. 1 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图1示出作为操作装置(未示出)的一部分的操作元件10。该操作元件形成为带有固定的元件12和相对于固定的元件可运动的元件14以及引导肋16。在该实施方式中，操作元件10构造为按键或按钮并且操纵方向80通过实心箭头表明。可运动的元件14朝着固定的元件12的方向被按压并且在此借助引导肋16引导。FIG. 1 shows an
操作元件10形成为带有探测装置20。该探测装置具有：霍尔传感器22，该霍尔传感器在该示例性实施方案中设置在固定的元件12处；以及磁体24，该磁体优选地是钕磁体并且布置在操作元件10的可运动的元件14处。如果磁体24接近霍尔传感器22，这依据对其场强的影响来检测。在此，可以推断出操作元件10的间距、操纵速度和操纵持续时间。The operating
操作元件10还具有用于提供触觉反馈的装置30。该用于提供触觉反馈的装置此处形成为带有磁芯36和对其进行磁化的线圈34以及另外的磁体32。线圈34激励磁芯36，从而该磁芯吸引或排斥磁体32。例如，通过在这些状态之间的快速转变可以提供振动作为触觉反馈。The operating
用于提供触觉反馈的装置30还具有伺服电机38，该伺服电机可以使磁芯沿操纵方向80以及逆着操纵方向移动。由此操作元件10(尤其是可运动的元件14)的可用的运动路程60可以被设定到限定的程度。The
最后，操作元件10具有复位装置40，该复位装置以复位弹簧的形式构造并且用于在操纵之后使操作元件或其可运动的元件14运动回到其初始位置中。如果该复位弹簧40配备有滑移件或伺服电机等来影响其复位力，则可以影响在操纵操作元件10时的阻力。备选地，复位弹簧40的弹簧力的这种影响也可以用于提供限定的运动路程60。Finally, the operating
为了使操作感觉设计得更舒适并且为了抑制声音排放，在磁芯36上设置有消音和减震器56。如果磁体32撞击该处，则冲击和在此产生的声音会被衰减。In order to improve the handling experience and to suppress sound emissions, a sound damper and
附加地，操作元件10具有触敏表面50，经由操纵该触敏表面可选择要控制的功能。In addition, the operating
图1的操作元件10应示例性地在车辆中使用。一个应用场景可以从图2中得出。在此，图2a中的操作元件10示出图1的所有特征并且此外示出显示装置54和由纺织材料构成的柔性的表面覆盖件52。Operating
从图2b中可得出，操作装置形成为带有三个操作元件10，如图2a中所示的那样。所述三个操作元件在静止位置中下沉并且与周围表面齐平地结束。纺织表面覆盖件52跨过操作元件10的整个区域，从而只能感知到统一的表面。三个操作元件10中的每个操作元件都构造为带有显示装置54，所述显示装置在静止位置中显示操作元件10(中间的操作元件10)的位置或那里存在的设定(右边和左边的操作元件10)。在该实施例中，车辆内部空间中的温度应该能被影响。针对驾驶员和副驾驶员的温度可以利用两个外部的操作元件10设定，利用中间的操作元件应该能设定吹风强度。It can be seen from FIG. 2 b that the operating device is formed with three operating
图2c示出处于使用位置中的操作元件10。这可以通过用户70在操作元件的触敏表面区域中触摸操作元件10之一来触发。然后复位弹簧40的复位力提高，从而该复位力将可运动的元件14向外压，并且在此克服纺织表面覆盖件52的反作用力，从而使可运动的元件14相对于周围表面稍微提高地定位。可运动的元件14在此如此成型，使得仅所示出的边缘区域升高到周围表面之上。FIG. 2c shows the operating
同时，经由显示装置54在操纵区域中通过颜色、符号和字符来表明在相应操作元件10处可实现哪些操作可能性。At the same time, which operating options are achievable at the
如果用户在中间的操作元件10处敲击到同一中间的操作元件上，则可以转变要利用操作元件10控制的功能，例如用于控制车辆中的环境照明。操作元件10的显示装置54然后被相应地调整并且显示相应要控制的参数、例如光颜色和光强度。If the user taps on the same
如果操作元件10在事先限定的时间上没有被使用，则使所述操作元件运动回到根据图2b的静止位置中。If the operating
操作元件10的操纵可以通过持续按压相应的操作元件10来进行或通过短时间敲击来进行。在此，以温度控制为例，可通过短时间敲击用于温度选择的操作元件10来逐渐提高或降低温度。在持续按压的情况下，只要保持住操作元件10，则温度不断升高或降低。在此，可以提供短而轻的振动作为触觉反馈。如果达到温度调节的最高值或最低值，带有更高频率的更强烈的振动可表明已达到该最高值或最低值。The operating
为了改善用户体验，每个用户都可以将触觉反馈的类型、强度和持续时间与其用户档案相关联。例如，这可以经由车辆的中央的显示和输入装置来实现。如果在车辆中识别出用户，则调用其所设定的偏好并相应地设定触觉反馈。To improve the user experience, each user can associate the type, intensity and duration of haptic feedback with their user profile. This can be done, for example, via a central display and input device in the vehicle. If the user is recognized in the vehicle, the preferences set by him are called up and the haptic feedback is set accordingly.
附图标记列表：List of reference signs:
10操作元件10 operating elements
12固定的元件12 fixed elements
14可运动的元件14 movable elements
16引导肋16 guide ribs
20探测装置20 detection device
22霍尔传感器22 hall sensor
24磁体24 magnets
30用于提供触觉反馈的装置30 means for providing tactile feedback
32另外的磁体32 additional magnets
34线圈34 coils
36磁芯36 cores
38伺服电机38 servo motor
40复位装置40 reset device
50触敏表面50 touch-sensitive surfaces
52柔性的表面覆盖件52 flexible surface covering
54显示装置54 display device
56阻尼器装置56 damper device
60可用的运动路程60 usable exercise distances
70用户70 users
Claims (10)
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| DE102022200015.3ADE102022200015A1 (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Operating element for an operating device |
| DE102022200015.3 | 2022-01-04 |
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