Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flexible rope type bladder flow distribution valve which can accurately open and close a ureter and a urethra, improve the pressure closing effect of the ureter and the urethra and solve the problem that the deformation effect of a valve core is not easy to control.
The flexible rope type bladder flow distribution valve comprises a valve body, a urine conveying notch, a urethra notch, a plurality of elastic valve cores and a driving assembly, wherein the valve body is coated on the outer wall of a bladder, the urine conveying notch is formed in the valve body and used for enabling a ureter on the bladder to pass through, the urethra notch is used for enabling a urethra on the bladder to pass through, the elastic valve cores are hollow in the inner part and are connected with each urine conveying notch and each urethra notch in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the driving assembly is arranged on the valve body and connected with each elastic valve core, and the driving assembly is used for exerting force on the elastic valve cores to enable the elastic valve cores to shrink and clamp the ureter or the urethra inside, so that normally open ureter and normally closed urethra or normally closed ureter opening and opened urethra are controlled.
The flexible rope type bladder flow distribution valve is characterized in that the valve body is arranged to be conveniently coated on the outer wall of a bladder of a human body, and the urination function of a patient is generally represented by urinary incontinence caused by ureteral reflux or sphincter weakness, so that the valve body is provided with a urine delivery notch and a urethral notch and is provided with an elastic valve core, the ureter and the urethra can be respectively coated, and the elastic valve core is driven by a driving component to shrink or recover, so that the ureter and the urethra can be respectively accurately opened and closed, the normally open ureter can be controlled, the normally closed urethra can assist the bladder to control urination, the opening of the ureter can be controlled, the urine backflow can be prevented, the urine storage and urination process of the human body can be more truly simulated, the elastic valve core at the ureter and the elastic valve core at the urethra can be respectively controlled, the pressure closing effect of the ureter and the urethra can be improved, the deformation effect of the elastic valve core can be more conveniently controlled, the reliability of the urine storage and urination process is higher, in addition, the biocompatibility of the elastic valve core is better, and the body requirements of the patient can be more adhered.
Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a plurality of flexible rope groups which are in one-to-one correspondence with each elastic valve core and are wound on the outer sides of the elastic valve cores, a transmission rod which is movably installed on the valve body and one end of which is connected with the flexible rope groups, and a driving unit which is connected with the other end of the transmission rod and is used for driving the transmission rod to move, wherein the transmission rod is used for driving the flexible rope groups to apply force to the elastic valve cores so as to enable the elastic valve cores to shrink or recover.
Preferably, the flexible rope group comprises a first traction piece and a second traction piece, wherein one end of the first traction piece is crossed and connected with the outer side of the elastic valve core, one end of the first traction piece, which is far away from the elastic valve core, is connected with a support module which is fixed on the valve body and is correspondingly arranged with the elastic valve core, and one end of the second traction piece, which is far away from the elastic valve core, is connected with the transmission rod.
Preferably, the support module comprises a support frame fixedly arranged on the valve body, two through holes formed in the support frame and used for the first traction piece to pass through, and a limit clamping hook fixedly arranged on the valve body, wherein the limit clamping hook is positioned at the side of the support frame and used for clamping the first traction piece.
Preferably, the transmission rod is an annular rod rotatably mounted on the valve body, and is fixedly provided with a winding connection piece for the second traction piece to pass through.
The driving unit comprises an abutting part fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the flexible rope group, of the transmission rod, a limiting part fixed on the valve body and arranged opposite to the abutting part, an SMA spring with two ends fixedly connected with the abutting part and the limiting part, an enameled wire wound on the outer side of the SMA spring, a receiving coil arranged in the body and connected with the enameled wire in series, and an external driving module arranged outside the body and used for controlling the extension and retraction of the SMA spring, when the SMA spring is in a compressed state, the transmission rod tightens the corresponding flexible rope group of the ureter and enables the corresponding flexible rope group of the ureter to relax so as to realize normally open and normally closed of the ureter, and when the SMA spring is in a stretched state, the transmission rod tightens the corresponding flexible rope group of the ureter and enables the corresponding flexible rope group of the ureter to relax so as to realize closed and opened of the urethra.
Preferably, the external driving module comprises a signal generator for outputting a high-frequency electric signal, a power amplifier electrically connected with the signal generator, and a transmitting coil for generating a magnetic field.
Preferably, the urine delivery notch is arranged at the top of the valve body and the number of the urine delivery notch is two, and the number of the urine delivery notch is arranged at the bottom of the valve body and the number of the urine delivery notch is one.
Preferably, the elastic valve core is provided as a cylindrical elastic tube with a hollow inside, and the inner diameter of the elastic valve core is larger than the outer diameters of the ureter and the urethra.
Preferably, the valve body can be fixedly arranged on pubis of a human body and is made of titanium alloy, and the elastic valve core is made of medical silicon rubber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the ureter and the urethra are respectively covered by the valve body, the elastic valve core is contracted or restored by utilizing the driving component, so that the ureter is controlled to be normally open, the urethra is controlled to be normally closed, the bladder is controlled to be in assistance with urination, the ureter is controlled to be closed, the urethra is controlled to be opened, urine is prevented from flowing back, the urine storage and urination processes of a human body are simulated more truly, and the ureter and the urethra are accurately opened and closed due to the fact that the elastic valve core at the position of the ureter and the elastic valve core at the position of the urethra are respectively controlled, the pressure closing effect of the ureter and the urethra is improved, and the deformation effect of the elastic valve core is controlled more conveniently.
2. The shape recovery of the urethra and the ureter is controlled by the elasticity of the elastic valve core, the elastic valve core can protect soft tissues, the biocompatibility is good, the discomfort of a patient can be reduced, and the comfort of the patient is improved.
3. The flexible rope with better biocompatibility with human body can be used for tightening and recovering the elastic valve core more accurately, the control precision is higher, the reliability of the urine conveying and discharging processes is higher, magnetic coupling resonance is used for converting magnetic energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy through the enameled wire and is transmitted to the SMA spring to control the deformation of the SMA spring, so that the flexible rope group is driven to move to realize accurate opening and closing of the ureter and the urethra, the control process is simpler and more accurate, the influence on the human body is smaller, and the daily requirements of patients can be met.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the specific technical solutions of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following examples are illustrative of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In embodiments of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., are defined with respect to the orientation in which the components in the drawings are schematically disposed, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative terms, which are used for descriptive and clarity with respect to each other, and which may vary accordingly with respect to the orientation in which the components in the drawings are disposed.
In the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the term "connected" shall be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral unit, and may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
In embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In embodiments of the application, words such as "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g." in an embodiment of the present application is not to be taken as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
Example 1
The invention provides a structure diagram of a flexible rope type bladder flow distribution valve, which is shown in figures 1-5, and comprises a valve body 1, a urine delivery notch 5, a urethra notch 6, a plurality of elastic valve cores 3 and a driving component 2, wherein the valve body 1 is coated on the outer wall of a bladder, the urine delivery notch 5 is arranged on the valve body 1 and is used for allowing a ureter on the bladder to pass through, the urethra notch 6 is used for allowing a urethra on the bladder to pass through, the elastic valve cores 3 are hollow in the inner part and are connected with each urine delivery notch 5 and each urethra notch 6 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the driving component 2 is arranged on the valve body 1 and is connected with each elastic valve core 3, and the driving component 2 is used for exerting force on the elastic valve cores 3 to shrink and clamp the ureter or the urethra in the inner part, so that the ureter is controlled to be normally opened and the urethra is normally closed, or the ureter orifice is closed and the urethra is opened.
In practical application, the valve body 1 is arranged to be conveniently coated on the outer wall of the bladder of a human body, and as the urination function deficiency of a patient is generally represented by urinary incontinence caused by ureteral reflux or sphincter weakness, the valve body 1 is provided with the urine conveying notch 5 and the urethral notch 6 and is provided with the elastic valve core 3, the ureter and the urethra can be respectively coated, and the driving component 2 is utilized to drive the elastic valve core 3 to shrink or recover, so that the accurate opening and closing of the ureter and the urethra can be respectively realized, the normally open ureter is controlled, the normally closed urethra can assist the bladder to control urination, the opening of the ureter is controlled, the urine backflow can be prevented, the urine storage and urination process of the human body is simulated more truly, the elastic valve core 3 at the ureter and the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra are respectively controlled, the pressing closing effect of the ureter and the urethra is improved, the deformation effect of the elastic valve core 3 is more conveniently controlled, the reliability of the urine storage and urination process is higher, in addition, the biocompatibility of the elastic valve core 3 is better, and the body demand of the patient is more adhered to.
Specifically, the driving assembly 2 includes a plurality of flexible rope groups 21 corresponding to each elastic valve core 3 one by one and wound on the outer side of the elastic valve core 3, a transmission rod 22 movably mounted on the valve body 1 and having one end connected with the flexible rope groups 21, and a driving unit 23 connected with the other end of the transmission rod 22 and used for driving the transmission rod 22 to move, wherein the transmission rod 22 is used for driving the flexible rope groups 21 to apply force to the elastic valve core 3 so as to shrink or recover the elastic valve core 3.
It can be known that each elastic valve core 3 can be precisely controlled by utilizing a plurality of flexible rope groups 21 which are in one-to-one correspondence with each elastic valve core 3 so as to realize the opening and closing of ureters and urethra, and a driving module is utilized to drive a transmission rod 22 to move so as to drive the flexible rope groups 21 wound on the elastic valve cores 3 to clamp or unclamp the elastic valve cores 3, and further open or close the ureters or urethra inside.
In addition, the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra and the ureter is controlled to be closed by utilizing the circumferential contraction force generated by the flexible rope group 21, the reliability of the control process is higher, the structure is more compact, and the reliability of the control process is improved.
It should be noted that, the elastic valve core 3 is hollow and can be used for passing through the urethra and the ureter, the elastic force of the elastic valve core 3 is utilized to control the shape recovery of the urethra and the ureter, the elastic valve core 3 can play a role in protecting soft tissues, the biocompatibility is good, the discomfort of a patient can be reduced, and the comfort of the patient is improved.
Further, the flexible rope set 21 includes a first traction member 211 and a second traction member 212, one end of which is cross-connected to the outer side of the elastic valve core 3, one end of the first traction member 211, which is far away from the elastic valve core 3, is connected with a support module 4 fixed on the valve body 1 and arranged corresponding to the elastic valve core 3, and one end of the second traction member 212, which is far away from the elastic valve core 3, is connected with the transmission rod 22.
It can be known that the flexible rope set 21 is arranged to cross-connect the first traction member 211 and the second traction member 212 outside the elastic valve core 3, so that the first traction member 211 and the second traction member 212 are conveniently tightened and clamped to the elastic valve core 3 under the driving of the transmission rod 22, and the support unit is used for conveniently pulling one end of the first traction member 211, so as to ensure the smooth proceeding of the pulling adjustment process.
Further, the supporting module 4 comprises a supporting frame 41 fixedly arranged on the valve body 1, two through holes 42 which are formed in the supporting frame 41 and through which the first traction piece 211 passes, and a limiting hook 43 fixedly arranged on the valve body 1, wherein the limiting hook 43 is positioned beside the supporting frame 41 and used for buckling the first traction piece 211.
For example, the first traction element 211 and the second traction element 212 may be two flexible ropes adapted to the human body, and the two flexible ropes cross around the side surface of one elastic valve core 3, where one end of the first traction element 211 is hooked on the limiting hook 43, the other end is wound on the outer side of the elastic valve core 3, one end of the second traction element 212 is wound on the outer side of the elastic valve core 3, and the other end is connected with the transmission rod 22, so that the two flexible ropes can be tensioned or loosened by the transmission rod 22, and the force generated by circumferential contraction after tensioning can close the elastic valve core 3, thereby closing the ureter or urethra.
The flexible rope in the embodiment is generally made of a material with good biocompatibility, smoothness, wear resistance and low elastic modulus, the surgical suture line can be used as a flexible material with the characteristics of thin line, large tensile force, small reaction to human tissues, small friction coefficient and the like, and of course, the flexible rope material can be made of other materials meeting the requirements of mechanics and biocompatibility, the realization of the bladder flow distribution valve is not affected, and the embodiment is not limited in detail.
In the embodiment, when the urination is needed, the driving unit 23 is used for pulling the flexible rope group 21 to control the elastic valve element 3 on the ureter to be closed, and the elastic valve element 3 on the urethra is further closed, so that the ureter is normally opened and the urethra is normally closed, and when the urination is needed, the driving unit 23 is used for pulling the flexible rope group 21 to control the elastic valve element 3 on the ureter to be closed, and the elastic valve element 3 on the urethra is further opened, so that the ureter opening is further closed and the urethra is opened, and the urine is ensured not to flow back to the kidney when the urination is needed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, on the basis of embodiment 1, the driving unit 23 includes an abutting part 231 fixedly arranged at one end of the driving rod 22 far away from the flexible rope set 21, a limiting part 232 fixed on the valve body 1 and opposite to the abutting part 231, an SMA spring 233 fixedly connected to the abutting part 231 and the limiting part 232 at two ends, an enameled wire 234 wound on the outer side of the SMA spring 233, a receiving coil arranged in the body and connected with the enameled wire 234 in series, and an external driving module arranged outside the body and used for controlling the SMA spring 233 to stretch, when the SMA spring 233 is in a compressed state, the driving rod 22 tightens the flexible rope set 21 corresponding to the urethra and loosens the flexible rope set 21 corresponding to the ureter to realize normally open and normally closed of the ureter, and when the SMA spring 233 is in a stretched state, the driving rod 22 tightens the flexible rope set 21 corresponding to realize normally open and normally closed of the ureter.
When urination is needed, the external driving module arranged outside the body is used for driving the SMA spring 233 to stretch and retract, and the driving rod 22 is driven to rotate under the action of the limiting piece 232, so that the flexible rope group 21 corresponding to the ureter is driven to tighten the flexible rope group 21 corresponding to the ureter, the flexible rope group 21 corresponding to the urethra is loosened to realize urination, ureter closing also avoids the burden caused by urine backflow to the kidney, and different urination and urine storage purposes can be realized.
The abutment 231 may be a housing or a fixing plate fixed on the driving rod 22, and the limiting member 232 may be a limiting boss or a fixing seat fixed on a side surface of the valve body 1, or may be a supporting structure of other shapes, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, the external driving module comprises a signal generator for outputting a high-frequency electric signal, a power amplifier electrically connected with the signal generator and a transmitting coil for generating a magnetic field.
It can be known that the signal generator arranged outside the body is used for outputting a high-frequency electric signal, the power amplifier is used for amplifying the signal, the transmitting coil is used for generating a magnetic field outside the body, the receiving coil arranged inside the human body is used for converting magnetic energy into electric energy and transmitting the electric energy to the enameled wire 234, the enameled wire 234 is used for converting the electric energy into heat energy and transmitting the heat energy to the SMA spring 233, so that the temperature rise and the elongation of the SMA spring 233 are realized, the transmission rod 22 is driven to rotate to realize the urination,
The enameled wire 234 may be provided with copper wires inside and insulating paint outside, so that when current passes through the copper wires, the SMA spring 233 heats up and deforms by joule effect, and the receiving coil may be mounted inside the abdomen of a human body, and particularly may be provided with a magnetic coupling resonant wireless energy transmission coil, so as to realize energy transmission.
Specifically, after urination is completed, the external driving module is closed, the SMA spring 233 is cooled and compressed, so that the driving rod 22 is driven to reset and clamp the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra through the flexible rope set 21, the flexible rope set 21 at the ureter is loosened, and the elastic valve core 3 at the ureter is opened, so that the urine storage function is realized.
In one case of the present embodiment, the acting temperature of the SMA spring 233 is generally 36-40 degrees celsius, and in the actual adjustment process, the SMA spring 233 stretches from 36 degrees celsius, and the specific temperature phase change range thereof is related to the nature of the driving element used, so long as the driving performance can be satisfied and the compatibility with the human body is ensured, and the present embodiment is not specifically limited herein.
It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned SMA spring 233 extension structure, the driving module in this embodiment may also use a permanent magnet outside the body and a magnetic conductive block fixed inside the body at the end of the transmission rod 22, so the driving module in this embodiment is not limited thereto.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, on the basis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the number of the urine delivery slots 5 is two at the top of the valve body 1, and the number of the urethral slots 6 is one at the bottom of the valve body 1.
It should be noted that the number of the urine delivering slots 5 and the number of the urethra slots 6 can be selected according to the needs, two urine delivering slots 5 and one urethra slot 6 are generally arranged according to the tissue condition of a human body, and the elastic valve core 3 is arranged in each slot, in this embodiment, the number of the slots is not a limiting rule, the other two urine delivering slots 5 are arranged at the top of the valve body 1, the urethra slots 6 are arranged at the bottom of the valve body 1, and the connecting lines of the three slots form a triangle, and the distribution positions of the two ureters and the urethra of the human body are profiled to adapt to the tissue mechanism of the human body.
Specifically, the elastic valve core 3 is set to be a cylindrical elastic tube with a hollow inside, and the inner diameter of the elastic valve core 3 is larger than the outer diameters of the ureter and the urethra, and the elastic valve core 3 is set to be a cylindrical elastic tube with a hollow inside, so that the elastic valve core 3 is convenient for the flexible rope set 21 to tighten or loosen, and the inside of the elastic valve core 3 is provided with an opening, so that the ureter and the urethra can pass through conveniently.
Further, the transmission rod 22 is arranged to rotate and install on the annular rod of the valve body 1, the transmission rod 22 is fixedly provided with the winding piece 24 for the second traction piece 212 to pass through, the transmission rod 22 is arranged to be matched with the valve body 1 to achieve traction of a plurality of flexible rope groups 21, the first traction piece 211 can be connected in a penetrating manner through the winding piece 24, smooth proceeding of an adjusting process is guaranteed, dislocation is avoided, the transmission rod 22 is located on the surface of the valve body 1, space surplus is reserved, and accordingly the transmission rod 22 does not contact the valve body 1.
Furthermore, the valve body 1 may be fixedly mounted on the pubis of a human body and made of titanium alloy, the elastic valve core 3 is made of medical silicone rubber, and of course, the valve body 1 and the elastic valve core 3 may be made of other materials, as long as the materials are compatible with the human body and satisfy the urination operation of the bladder, and the materials in this embodiment are not limited.
It should be noted that the shape of the valve body 1 may be set according to the shape of the bladder of the human body to form a shape of the bladder and cover the outside of the bladder of the human body, and the valve body 1 may be set in a sphere shape, and one side of the valve body 1 is provided with an end opening for providing an installation space for the SMA spring 233, and the end opening is set to reduce a part of curved surface in consideration of the fact that the valve body 1 may be partially contacted with the abdominal wall of the human body, and in addition, two sides of the valve body 1 are provided with side openings, which are mainly formed to facilitate the assembly of the valve body 1, and the installation of locking fittings may be facilitated by using the side openings.
In addition, the valve body 1 mainly aims at wrapping the bladder, the specific shape of the valve body can be customized according to the bladder of a patient, the valve body can be fixed at the pubic symphysis by using bone screws through a fixing plate, the valve body can be made of titanium alloy or other nonmagnetic rigid materials, and the embodiment is not limited in detail.
Illustratively, the winding member 24 may be a fixed ring fixed to the driving rod 22, and may be circular or arc-shaped, so long as the second traction member 212 can be connected through the winding member.
The following describes the specific operation of the present invention:
Firstly, as shown in fig. 6, in the bladder urine storage stage, an SMA spring 233 is in a normal temperature compression state, a transmission rod 22 is in an initial position far away from the urethra, an elastic valve core 3 at the urethra is kept closed under the action of the circumferential contraction force of a flexible rope group 21, and the elastic valve core 3 at the ureter is kept open;
In the bladder urination stage, as shown in fig. 7, the patient emits a magnetic field by using an external driving module outside the body, the enameled wire 234 converts magnetic energy into electric energy through magnetic coupling resonance and transmits the electric energy to the SMA spring 233, the high-temperature SMA spring is lengthened, the transmission rod 22 moves to a position close to the urethra, the flexible rope group 21 on the surface of the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra is relaxed, the circumferential contraction force disappears, the elastic valve core 3 gradually opens the urethra due to self-restoring force, when the opening degree of the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra reaches a certain degree, and simultaneously, the valve core at the ureter closes the ureter due to the circumferential contraction force generated by tensioning the flexible rope group 21, so that urine in the bladder is continuously discharged from the urethra and urine is prevented from flowing backwards.
Finally, when urination is completed, the external drive module stops working, the SMA spring 233 descends along with the temperature, the transmission rod 22 returns to the position which is originally far away from the urethra, the urethra is tensioned and closed again, and the ureter is opened, so that a patient can control urination by himself only by repeating the process, and meanwhile, the worry that urine flows back to the kidney is avoided.
According to the flexible rope type bladder flow distribution valve provided by the embodiment of the invention, the valve body 1 is arranged to be conveniently coated on the outer wall of the bladder of a human body, and as the urination function of a patient is generally manifested as urine incontinence caused by ureteral reflux or sphincter weakness, the valve body 1 is provided with the urine delivery notch 5 and the urethral notch 6 and is provided with the elastic valve core 3, the ureter and the urethra can be respectively coated, the elastic valve core 3 is driven to shrink or recover by the driving component 2, so that the accurate opening and closing of the ureter and the urethra can be respectively realized, the normally open urethra can be controlled to assist the bladder to control urination, the opening of the ureter and the opening of the urethra can be controlled to prevent urine backflow, the urine storage and urination process of the human body can be more truly simulated, the elastic valve core 3 at the ureter and the elastic valve core 3 at the urethra are respectively controlled, the pressure closing effect of the ureter and the urethra is improved, the deformation effect of the elastic valve core 3 is more conveniently controlled, the reliability of the urine storage and urination process is higher, and the biocompatibility of the elastic valve core 3 is better, and the body demand of the patient can be more adhered.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.