CN116245972A - A method, system and device for drawing volumetric capnography - Google Patents
A method, system and device for drawing volumetric capnographyDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于呼吸设备领域，具体涉及一种容积二氧化碳图绘制方法、系统及装置。The invention belongs to the field of respiratory equipment, and in particular relates to a volumetric capnography drawing method, system and device.
背景技术Background technique
容积二氧化碳图形是基于人体呼出气体的CO2浓度(或分压)与容积绘制而成，用于直观可视化的对CO2进行长时间连续监测。图中包含着人体代谢、血液循环、气体交换和呼吸通气等多方面的生理信息。The volumetric carbon dioxide graph is drawn based on the CO2 concentration (or partial pressure) and volume of the exhaled gas of the human body, and is used for long-term continuous monitoring of CO2 intuitively and visually. The picture contains various physiological information such as human metabolism, blood circulation, gas exchange and respiratory ventilation.
容积二氧化碳图以呼气容量为横坐标，以CO2分压或浓度为纵坐标。从图上可以清晰的分出三个阶段，第一阶段呼出气体完全为解剖死腔气体，故CO2浓度不增大。第二阶段呼出气体为死腔和肺泡的混合气体，随着呼气进程，肺泡气比例增加，CO2浓度迅速增大。第三阶段呼出气体为纯肺泡气体，图形呈一个明显的缓坡。A volumetric capnogram takes expiratory volume as the abscissa and CO2 partial pressure or concentration as the ordinate. Three stages can be clearly distinguished from the figure. In the first stage, the exhaled gas is completely anatomical dead space gas, so the CO2 concentration does not increase. In the second stage, the exhaled gas is a mixture of dead space and alveoli. As the exhalation progresses, the proportion of alveolar gas increases, and the CO2 concentration increases rapidly. In the third stage, the exhaled gas is pure alveolar gas, and the graph shows an obvious gentle slope.
容积二氧化碳图在一个图上包含了两种通气监测变量——容积和二氧化碳，因此较单一变量的容积-时间波形或二氧化碳-时间波形而言，包含着更多的信息。但是绘制这种双变量图有一个基本要求，即图上的每一个数据点的横坐标值和纵坐标的值是同一时刻的。因此不同信号传感器之间的不同相位滞后是绘制这种双变量图时需要考虑的一个重要问题。而目前很多产品会忽略这一问题，导致绘制出的图形不准确。Volumetric capnography includes two ventilatory monitoring variables—volume and carbon dioxide—on one graph, and therefore contains more information than volume-time waveforms or carbon dioxide-time waveforms of a single variable. However, there is a basic requirement for drawing this kind of bivariate graph, that is, the abscissa value and the ordinate value of each data point on the graph are at the same time. Different phase lags between different signal sensors are therefore an important consideration when plotting such bivariate plots. At present, many products ignore this problem, resulting in inaccurate graphics.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术绘制容积二氧化碳曲线存在相位滞后的缺陷。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect of phase lag in drawing the volumetric carbon dioxide curve in the prior art.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提出了一种容积二氧化碳图绘制方法，所述方法包括：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for drawing a volumetric capnography, said method comprising:
步骤1：获取同一周期的呼吸流速数据和二氧化碳数据；Step 1: Obtain respiratory flow rate data and carbon dioxide data in the same cycle;
步骤2：对呼吸流速数据积分得到容积数据序列，绘制存在相位滞后的容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线；Step 2: Integrate the respiratory flow rate data to obtain the volume data sequence, and draw the volume curve and carbon dioxide curve with phase lag;
步骤3：在容积曲线上寻找吸气切换为呼气的时刻，记为A，其相应纵坐标记为Vt；Step 3: Find the moment when inhalation is switched to exhalation on the volume curve, denoted as A, and its corresponding ordinate is marked as Vt;
步骤4：在容积曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为B；Step 4: Find the end-expiration moment on the volume curve, denoted as B;
步骤5：在二氧化碳曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为C；Step 5: Find the end-tidal moment on the carbon dioxide curve, denoted as C;
步骤6：计算容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线间相位延迟；Step 6: Calculate the phase delay between the volumetric curve and the carbon dioxide curve;
步骤7：利用相位延迟确定二氧化碳曲线上吸气切换为呼气的时间点，记为D；Step 7: Use the phase delay to determine the time point when inhalation switches to exhalation on the carbon dioxide curve, denoted as D;
步骤8：利用容积曲线上AB段数据和二氧化碳曲线上DC段数据绘制容积二氧化碳图。Step 8: Use the data of the AB section on the volume curve and the data of the DC section on the carbon dioxide curve to draw a volume capnography.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤2具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 2 is specifically:
对呼吸流速数据积分得到容积数据序列Vi：Integrate the respiratory flow rate data to obtain the volume data sequence Vi :
其中，i表示数据点对应的时间，i＝1、2、3……T；T表示获取数据的时间点个数；Qt表示呼吸流速数据；t表示时间；Among them, i represents the time corresponding to the data point, i=1, 2, 3... T; T represents the number of time points for acquiring data; Qt represents the respiratory flow rate data; t represents time;
以时间序列为横坐标，容积数据序列为纵坐标，绘制容积曲线；Draw the volume curve with the time series as the abscissa and the volume data series as the ordinate;
以时间序列为横坐标，二氧化碳数据序列为纵坐标，绘制二氧化碳曲线。Take the time series as the abscissa and the carbon dioxide data series as the ordinate to draw the carbon dioxide curve.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤3具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 3 is specifically:
在容积曲线上寻找极大值点A，定为吸气切换为呼气的时刻。Find the maximum value point A on the volume curve, and set it as the moment when inhalation switches to exhalation.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤4具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 4 is specifically:
在容积曲线上寻找极小值点B，定为呼气末的时刻。Find the minimum value point B on the volume curve, and set it as the end-expiration moment.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤5具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the
在二氧化碳曲线上寻找极大值点C，定为呼气末的时刻。Look for the maximum point C on the carbon dioxide curve, and set it as the end-tidal moment.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤6具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 6 is specifically:
计算容积和二氧化碳间相位延迟Tag＝TC-TB；Calculate the phase delay between volume and carbon dioxide Tag=TC -TB ;
其中，TC表示二氧化碳曲线呼气末时刻对应的时间点；TB表示容积曲线呼气末时刻对应的时间点。Among them, TC represents the time point corresponding to the end-tidal moment of the carbon dioxide curve; TB represents the time point corresponding to the end-tidal moment of the volume curve.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤7具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 7 is specifically:
利用公式TD＝TA+Tag计算确定二氧化碳曲线上吸气切换为呼气的时间点，在二氧化碳曲线上记为D点；Use the formula TD =TA +Tag to calculate and determine the time point for switching from inhalation to exhalation on the carbon dioxide curve, and record it as point D on the carbon dioxide curve;
其中，TA表示容积曲线上A点对应的时间点。Among them, TA represents the time point corresponding to point A on the volume curve.
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述步骤8具体为：As an improvement of the above method, the step 8 is specifically:
分别截取容积曲线图AB段数据纵坐标VAB并计算Vt-VAB作为横坐标，截取二氧化碳曲线图DC段数据纵坐标CO2DC作为纵坐标绘制图形，得到容积二氧化碳图。Respectively intercept the vertical coordinate VAB of the data in the AB section of the volume graph and calculate Vt-VAB as the abscissa, and intercept the data in the DC section of the carbon dioxide graph with CO2DC as the vertical coordinate to draw a graph to obtain a volumetric carbon dioxide map.
本发明还提供一种容积二氧化碳图绘制系统，所述系统包括：The present invention also provides a volumetric capnography drawing system, said system comprising:
获取数据模块，用于获取同一周期的呼吸流速数据和二氧化碳数据；Obtaining a data module, which is used to obtain respiratory flow rate data and carbon dioxide data in the same cycle;
绘制容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线模块：用于对呼吸流速数据积分得到容积数据序列，绘制存在相位滞后的容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线；Draw volume curve and carbon dioxide curve module: used to integrate respiratory flow rate data to obtain volume data sequence, and draw volume curve and carbon dioxide curve with phase lag;
获取容积曲线吸气切换呼气时刻模块，用于在容积曲线上寻找吸气切换为呼气的时刻，记为A，其相应纵坐标记为Vt；Obtain the volume curve inhalation switch exhalation moment module, which is used to find the moment when inhalation is switched to exhalation on the volume curve, denoted as A, and its corresponding ordinate is marked as Vt;
获取容积曲线呼气末时刻模块，用于在容积曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为B；Obtain the volume curve end-expiration moment module, which is used to find the end-expiration moment on the volume curve, denoted as B;
获取二氧化碳曲线呼气末时刻模块，用于在二氧化碳曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为C；Obtain the end-tidal moment module of the carbon dioxide curve, which is used to find the end-tidal moment on the carbon dioxide curve, denoted as C;
计算相位延迟模块，用于计算容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线间相位延迟；Calculate the phase delay module, which is used to calculate the phase delay between the volume curve and the carbon dioxide curve;
确定二氧化碳曲线吸气切换呼气时刻模块，用于利用相位延迟确定二氧化碳曲线上吸气切换为呼气的时间点，记为D；Determine the inhalation switching exhalation time module of the carbon dioxide curve, which is used to determine the time point of switching from inhalation to exhalation on the carbon dioxide curve by using phase delay, denoted as D;
绘制容积二氧化碳图模块，用于利用容积曲线上AB段数据和二氧化碳曲线上DC段数据绘制容积二氧化碳图。The volumetric capnogram drawing module is used to draw volumetric capnography using the AB section data on the volumetric curve and the DC section data on the carbon dioxide curve.
本发明还提供一种装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括如权利要求9所述的容积二氧化碳图绘制系统。The present invention also provides a device, characterized in that the device comprises the volumetric capnography system as claimed in claim 9 .
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势在于：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:
1、本发明提出的一种容积二氧化碳图绘制方法，可以校准容积二氧化碳图的相位滞后；1. A volumetric capnography drawing method proposed by the present invention can calibrate the phase lag of the volumetric capnography;
2、该方法可以用在配有二氧化碳模块的呼吸机或麻醉机上；也可以设计为单独的二氧化碳监测仪器，配备流量传感器即可。2. This method can be used on a ventilator or anesthesia machine equipped with a carbon dioxide module; it can also be designed as a separate carbon dioxide monitoring instrument with a flow sensor.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为容积二氧化碳图绘制方法流程图；Fig. 1 shows the flowchart of the drawing method of volumetric capnography;
图2所示为相位滞后的容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线；Figure 2 shows the volume curve and carbon dioxide curve of the phase lag;
图3所示为容积二氧化碳曲线图。Figure 3 shows the volumetric carbon dioxide graph.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提出一种容积二氧化碳图绘制方法、系统及装置，可以校准容积和二氧化碳的相位滞后。该方法可以用在配有二氧化碳模块的呼吸机或麻醉机上；也可以设计为单独的二氧化碳监测仪器，配备流量传感器即可。The invention provides a volumetric capnography drawing method, system and device, which can calibrate the phase lag of volume and carbon dioxide. The method can be used on a ventilator or an anesthesia machine equipped with a carbon dioxide module; it can also be designed as a separate carbon dioxide monitoring instrument, which can be equipped with a flow sensor.
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明一种容积二氧化碳图绘制方法包括：A method for drawing volumetric capnography of the present invention comprises:
步骤1：获取同一周期的呼吸流速数据和二氧化碳数据，呼吸流速数据序列记为Q，二氧化碳数据序列记为CO2。二氧化碳数据为浓度或压力。Step 1: Obtain the respiratory flow rate data and carbon dioxide data of the same period, the respiratory flow rate data sequence is recorded as Q, and the carbon dioxide data sequence is recorded as CO2. CO2 data is either concentration or pressure.
通过传感器可获取二氧化碳呼吸流速和二氧化碳数据。The carbon dioxide breathing flow rate and carbon dioxide data can be obtained through the sensor.
步骤2：对呼吸流速数据积分得到容积数据序列V，得到存在相位滞后的容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线，如图1所示。Step 2: Integrate the respiratory flow rate data to obtain a volume data sequence V, and obtain a volume curve and a carbon dioxide curve with a phase lag, as shown in FIG. 1 .
呼吸流速数据序列表示为Q1、Q2、Q3……QT,二氧化碳数据序列表示为CO21、CO22、CO23……CO2T，角标表示数据点对应的时间i。容积序列Vi计算公式如下：Respiratory flow rate data series are expressed as Q1 , Q2 , Q3 ... QT , carbon dioxide data series are expressed as CO21 , CO22 , CO23 ... CO2T , and subscripts indicate the time i corresponding to the data points. The calculation formula of the volume series Vi is as follows:
其中，T表示获取数据的时间点个数。Among them, T represents the number of time points for acquiring data.
以时间序列为横坐标，容积数据序列为纵坐标，即可绘制容积曲线；以时间序列为横坐标，二氧化碳数据序列为纵坐标，即可绘制二氧化碳曲线。Take the time series as the abscissa and the volume data series as the ordinate to draw the volume curve; take the time series as the abscissa and the carbon dioxide data series as the ordinate to draw the carbon dioxide curve.
步骤3：在容积曲线上寻找极大值点A，定为吸气切换为呼气的时刻，其相应纵坐标记为Vt。Step 3: Find the maximum value point A on the volume curve, set it as the moment when inhalation is switched to exhalation, and its corresponding vertical coordinate is marked as Vt.
步骤4：在容积曲线上寻找极小值点B，定为呼气末的时刻。Step 4: Find the minimum value point B on the volume curve, and set it as the end-expiration moment.
步骤5：在二氧化碳曲线上寻找极大值点C，定为呼气末的时刻。Step 5: Find the maximum point C on the carbon dioxide curve, and set it as the end-tidal moment.
步骤6：计算容积和二氧化碳间相位延迟Tag＝TC-TB。其中，TC表示二氧化碳曲线呼气末时刻对应的时间点；TB表示容积曲线呼气末时刻对应的时间点。Step 6: Calculate the phase delay between volume and carbon dioxide Tag = TC -T B . Among them, TC represents the time point corresponding to the end-tidal moment of the carbon dioxide curve; TB represents the time point corresponding to the end-tidal moment of the volume curve.
步骤7：利用公式TD＝TA+Tag计算确定二氧化碳曲线上吸气切换为呼气的时间点，在二氧化碳曲线上记为D点。其中，TA表示容积曲线上A点对应的时间点。Step 7: Use the formula TD =TA +Tag to calculate and determine the time point on the carbon dioxide curve for switching from inhalation to exhalation, and record it as point D on the carbon dioxide curve. Among them, TA represents the time point corresponding to point A on the volume curve.
步骤8：分别截取容积曲线图AB段数据纵坐标VAB并计算Vt-VAB作为横坐标，截取二氧化碳曲线图DC段数据纵坐标CO2DC作为纵坐标绘制图形，得到容积二氧化碳图，如图2所示。Step 8: Intercept the ordinate VAB of the data in the AB section of the volume graph and calculate Vt-VAB as the abscissa, and intercept the data in the DC segment of the carbon dioxide graph with CO2DC as the ordinate to draw a graph to obtain a volumetric carbon dioxide map, as shown in Figure 2 shown.
本发明还提供一种容积二氧化碳图绘制系统，所述系统包括：The present invention also provides a volumetric capnography drawing system, said system comprising:
获取数据模块，用于获取同一周期的呼吸流速数据和二氧化碳数据；Obtaining a data module, which is used to obtain respiratory flow rate data and carbon dioxide data in the same cycle;
绘制容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线模块：用于对呼吸流速数据积分得到容积数据序列，绘制存在相位滞后的容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线；Draw volume curve and carbon dioxide curve module: used to integrate respiratory flow rate data to obtain volume data sequence, and draw volume curve and carbon dioxide curve with phase lag;
获取容积曲线吸气切换呼气时刻模块，用于在容积曲线上寻找吸气切换为呼气的时刻，记为A，其相应纵坐标记为Vt；Obtain the volume curve inhalation switch exhalation moment module, which is used to find the moment when inhalation is switched to exhalation on the volume curve, denoted as A, and its corresponding ordinate is marked as Vt;
获取容积曲线呼气末时刻模块，用于在容积曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为B；Obtain the volume curve end-expiration moment module, which is used to find the end-expiration moment on the volume curve, denoted as B;
获取二氧化碳曲线呼气末时刻模块，用于在二氧化碳曲线上寻找呼气末的时刻，记为C；Obtain the end-tidal moment module of the carbon dioxide curve, which is used to find the end-tidal moment on the carbon dioxide curve, denoted as C;
计算相位延迟模块，用于计算容积曲线和二氧化碳曲线间相位延迟；Calculate the phase delay module, which is used to calculate the phase delay between the volume curve and the carbon dioxide curve;
确定二氧化碳曲线吸气切换呼气时刻模块，用于利用相位延迟确定二氧化碳曲线上吸气切换为呼气的时间点，记为D；Determine the inhalation switching exhalation time module of the carbon dioxide curve, which is used to determine the time point of switching from inhalation to exhalation on the carbon dioxide curve by using phase delay, denoted as D;
绘制容积二氧化碳图模块，用于利用容积曲线上AB段数据和二氧化碳曲线上DC段数据绘制容积二氧化碳图。The volumetric capnogram drawing module is used to draw volumetric capnography using the AB section data on the volumetric curve and the DC section data on the carbon dioxide curve.
本发明还提供一种装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括如上述的容积二氧化碳图绘制系统。该装置可以为呼吸机或麻醉机等。The present invention also provides a device, which is characterized in that the device includes the above-mentioned volumetric capnography system. The device can be a ventilator or an anesthesia machine or the like.
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the claims.
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