Intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation informationTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, in particular to an intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation information.
Background
The regional geological disaster problem is more and more prominent, so that the production and life of people are seriously endangered, along with the rapid development of the Beidou technology, the satellite remote sensing technology is applied, a new working thought is provided for geological disaster investigation, the regional geological disaster investigation and evaluation work is carried out by utilizing the remote sensing and GIS technology, the superiority incomparable to the traditional technology is achieved, and the method is a hotspot and direction of the current geological disaster investigation.
The method comprises the steps of acquiring geological disasters and development environment element information thereof through remote sensing image data with different resolutions, establishing a geological disaster information base by using GIS management and space analysis functions, analyzing the formation and development environment geological background conditions of the geological disasters, preliminarily determining geological disaster points needing checking, investigation and mapping in key investigation areas and general investigation areas according to the types and scales of the geological disasters, and providing basic information and theoretical basis for monitoring, analysis and prevention planning of the geological disasters.
The high-spatial-resolution satellite remote sensing technology is applied to geological disaster investigation and evaluation, and has incomparable advantages compared with the traditional field investigation and other means in aspects of disaster morphological characteristics, stack structure, disaster range and the like.
Along with the rapid unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology has the technical characteristics of high efficiency, high quality, full view angle and the like in the geological investigation of complex geological environment condition collapse, can directly extract basic characteristics such as topography, stratum characteristics, block motion trail and the like, and provides scientific basis for geological disaster prevention and control, so that the regional collapse geological disaster is taken as a research background, the comprehensive disaster investigation application effect of the remote sensing technology in the aspects of three-dimensional space information acquisition, collapse disaster characteristic identification, remote sensing image comparison analysis, history disaster investigation and the like is analyzed, the application of the remote sensing space database in the long-term management of geological disaster investigation is further discussed, and the reference is provided for the professional management and control of geological disasters, so that the intelligent acquisition method of geological disaster investigation information is provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation information, which has the advantages of intelligent monitoring and acquisition, improvement of disaster prevention effect and the like, and solves the problem that the disaster prevention effect is easily affected by information in real time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose of improving disaster prevention effect by intelligent monitoring and acquisition, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation information comprises the following steps:
s1, geological monitoring: the method is characterized in that geological disaster characteristics, actual geological environment, investigation data and past statistical data are used as references, and the operation of monitoring whether potential geological disasters exist or not is realized by erecting remote sensing technology and professional monitoring equipment on a disaster body monitoring section through qualitative and quantitative analysis, so that the 24-hour monitoring of the disaster body is realized, and the data related to the geological disasters such as the rainfall, the water content, cracks, the inclination, the geomagnetic field, the gravitational field, the ground electric field and the like can be acquired;
s2, information is collected: the remote sensing RS technology is taken as a core, the GNSS technology and the GIS technology are combined to form a complete mapping monitoring system, all-weather and multi-time phase data acquisition is realized, vectorized topographic images of rivers, mountains, pits and the like are processed and obtained by using the aperture radar Interferometry (INSAR) technology, disaster dangerous rock body characteristics and dangerous areas are extracted, three-dimensional space data interpretation and analysis are performed, regional geological disaster causing factors and disaster pregnancy conditions are fully mastered, and the effects of early identification, risk judgment and the like of geological disasters are achieved;
s3, constructing a data model: image processing, picture embedding and cutting are carried out by utilizing a remote sensing technology, space three encryption is carried out, basic data investigation results such as DEM, DOM, DLG are constructed, a perfect three-dimensional real-scene model of an investigation region is generated, and compared with the traditional technology, the generated three-dimensional real-scene model is clear and visible in regional roads, rivers, mountains, rock walls, bare rocks, collapsed piles and the like, so that an intuitive three-dimensional model is formed;
s4, disaster feature identification: establishing three-dimensional imaging of collapse geological disasters through a remote sensing technology, acquiring basic data such as regional topography, geological structures, engineering geological rock groups, surface water and underground water, meteorological vegetation and land utilization conditions, human engineering activities, easily-collapsed and easily-slipped stratum, soft layers, rock mass structures, slope structures, weathering degrees and the like, grasping collapse induction factors, formation mechanisms, disaster forming modes, disaster causing ranges and the like, delineating collapse sources and collapse accumulation areas, analyzing collapse paths, evaluating the stability, dangerousness and harmfulness of collapse, and further taking corresponding measures for early warning, so that the accuracy of decision information is ensured;
s5, historical disaster investigation: acquiring historical geological disaster events through superposition comparison analysis of remote sensing images in different periods, establishing a long-time sequence historical disaster data set with complete elements, detailed contents and standard data, statistically analyzing the occurrence frequency, influence range and disaster receiving degree of various disasters, and evaluating the occurrence rule of the historical disasters;
s6, disaster data mining: the method has the advantages that the image data are obtained through remote sensing, the collapse type, distribution elevation, scale, activity state, deformation history, accumulation body and the like can be effectively extracted, the formation lithology, rock mass structure, weak layer, joint cracks, weathering degree, underground water basic characteristics and the like of a collapse generation slope are investigated, and the regional micro-topography, the collapse and slide easiness stratum, deformation characteristics, formation factors, threat range and the like are further mastered;
s7, integrating space data: the method integrates all-day-time and multi-time-phase geological disaster related basic data acquired based on remote sensing, and based on base map data such as remote sensing geographic information, topographic map and the like, basic data such as geological conditions, meteorological hydrology, vulnerability factors and the like of a region are statistically analyzed to form result information such as risk regions, historical cases and the like, a comprehensive data system compatible with the spatial data, attribute data, image data and the like is established, and intelligent efficient management, query, retrieval and integrated service of digital data are realized based on a data query and retrieval system.
Preferably, in the step S2, disaster point distribution in the whole domain is clearly defined by the spatial structure data, and dangerous states of disaster bodies are evaluated, so that the working efficiency of geological disaster investigation is greatly improved.
Preferably, in the step S3, a broadcast warning station may be set in a place vulnerable to the debris flow according to the stereoscopic model, before the debris flow occurs, a warning may be broadcast in advance according to the probability of the occurrence of the debris flow, and when the debris flow occurs, a broadcast warning may be performed according to the warning level.
Preferably, in the step S6, stability of key hidden dangers of the geological disaster can be analyzed, and disaster situations such as deformation characteristics and chain effect of the disaster body, possible movement paths, potential influence range, hazard degree and the like can be judged.
Preferably, in the step S6, the main storage format of the remotely sensed acquired image data is ArcGISShape, arcGISFileGDB, autoCAD, mapGIS, excel.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation information, which has the following beneficial effects:
the intelligent acquisition method of the geological disaster investigation information can exert the technical advantages of full view angle, high efficiency, high quality and the like through a remote sensing technology, can rapidly solve the disaster-tolerant body distribution, disaster-bearing body dangerous degree and risk identification in regional geological conditions, provides scientific data support for geological disaster investigation evaluation, risk judgment, monitoring early warning and disaster prevention and control, occupies important positions in disaster prevention and reduction work, can better ensure the life and property safety of people nearby a monitoring point, lightens the influence of the geological disasters, has strong assistance in the development of modern information technologies such as big data, internet of things, intelligent sensors, 5G networks and the like, and inevitably and remarkably improves disaster prevention and prevention effects.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
An intelligent acquisition method for geological disaster investigation information comprises the following steps:
s1, geological monitoring: the method is characterized in that geological disaster characteristics, actual geological environment, investigation data and past statistical data are used as references, and the operation of monitoring whether potential geological disasters exist or not is realized by erecting remote sensing technology and professional monitoring equipment on a disaster body monitoring section through qualitative and quantitative analysis, so that the 24-hour monitoring of the disaster body is realized, and the data related to the geological disasters such as the rainfall, the water content, cracks, the inclination, the geomagnetic field, the gravitational field, the ground electric field and the like can be acquired;
s2, information is collected: the remote sensing RS technology is taken as a core, the GNSS technology and the GIS technology are combined to form a complete mapping monitoring system, all-weather and multi-time phase data acquisition is realized, vectorized topographic images of rivers, mountains, pits and the like are processed and obtained by using the aperture radar Interferometry (INSAR) technology, disaster dangerous rock body characteristics and dangerous areas are extracted, three-dimensional space data are interpreted and analyzed, regional geological disaster causing factors and disaster pregnancy conditions are fully mastered, the effects of early identification, risk assessment and the like of geological disasters are achieved, disaster point distribution in the whole domain is clearly defined by space structure data, dangerous states of disaster bodies are judged, and the working efficiency of geological disaster investigation is greatly improved;
s3, constructing a data model: image processing, picture embedding and cutting are carried out by utilizing a remote sensing technology, space three encryption is carried out, basic data investigation results such as DEM, DOM, DLG are constructed, a three-dimensional real model with perfect investigation regions is generated, compared with the traditional technology, the generated three-dimensional real model is clear and visible in regional roads, rivers, hills, rock walls, bare rocks, collapse stacks and the like, an intuitive three-dimensional model is formed, a broadcast warning station is arranged in a place which is easy to be infringed by debris flow according to the three-dimensional model, broadcast warning is carried out in advance according to the probability of occurrence of the debris flow before occurrence of the debris flow, and broadcast warning is carried out according to the early warning level when the debris flow occurs;
s4, disaster feature identification: establishing three-dimensional imaging of collapse geological disasters through a remote sensing technology, acquiring basic data such as regional topography, geological structures, engineering geological rock groups, surface water and underground water, meteorological vegetation and land utilization conditions, human engineering activities, easily-collapsed and easily-slipped stratum, soft layers, rock mass structures, slope structures, weathering degrees and the like, grasping collapse induction factors, formation mechanisms, disaster forming modes, disaster causing ranges and the like, delineating collapse sources and collapse accumulation areas, analyzing collapse paths, evaluating the stability, dangerousness and harmfulness of collapse, and further taking corresponding measures for early warning, so that the accuracy of decision information is ensured;
s5, historical disaster investigation: acquiring historical geological disaster events through superposition comparison analysis of remote sensing images in different periods, establishing a long-time sequence historical disaster data set with complete elements, detailed contents and standard data, statistically analyzing the occurrence frequency, influence range and disaster receiving degree of various disasters, and evaluating the occurrence rule of the historical disasters;
s6, disaster data mining: the method has the advantages that the image data is obtained through remote sensing, the main storage format of the image data is ArcGISShape, arcGISFileGDB, autoCAD, mapGIS, excel, the type, the distribution elevation, the scale, the activity state, the deformation history, the accumulation body and the like of collapse can be effectively extracted, the formation lithology, the rock mass structure, the weak layer, the joint cracks, the weathering degree, the underground water base characteristics and the like of the collapse, the micro-topography of the region, the formation of the easy-collapse and easy-slip stratum, the deformation characteristics, the formation factors, the threat range and the like of the collapse are further mastered, the stability of the important hidden dangers of geological disasters is analyzed, and the disaster situations such as the deformation characteristics, the chain effect, the possible movement paths, the potential influence range, the hazard degree and the like of the disaster are evaluated;
s7, integrating space data: the method integrates all-day-time and multi-time-phase geological disaster related basic data acquired based on remote sensing, and based on base map data such as remote sensing geographic information, topographic map and the like, basic data such as geological conditions, meteorological hydrology, vulnerability factors and the like of a region are statistically analyzed to form result information such as risk regions, historical cases and the like, a comprehensive data system compatible with the spatial data, attribute data, image data and the like is established, and intelligent efficient management, query, retrieval and integrated service of digital data are realized based on a data query and retrieval system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the full visual angle, high efficiency, high quality and other technical advantages can be brought into play through the remote sensing technology, the distribution of disaster-tolerant bodies, the dangerous degree of disaster-tolerant bodies and the risk identification in regional geological conditions can be rapidly decoded, scientific data support is provided for geological disaster investigation and evaluation, risk judgment, monitoring and early warning and disaster prevention and control, important positions are occupied in disaster prevention and reduction work, the life and property safety of people nearby monitoring points can be better guaranteed, the influence of geological disasters is reduced, the geological disaster early warning has powerful assistance under the development of modern information technologies such as big data, internet of things, intelligent sensors and 5G networks, and disaster prevention and prevention effects are inevitably and obviously improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.