CN116176350A - Power battery thermal runaway early warning system and thermal runaway detection method - Google Patents
Power battery thermal runaway early warning system and thermal runaway detection methodDownload PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于新能源汽车动力电池热失控技术领域，具体涉及一种动力电池热失控预警系统及热失控检测方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal runaway of a power battery of a new energy vehicle, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway warning system of a power battery and a thermal runaway detection method.
背景技术Background technique
新能源汽车正处于高速发展之中，随着新能源汽车的逐步普及，新能源汽车的安全问题受到了人们的广泛关注。大量研究及事故调查表明，动力电池的热失控是造成新能源汽车出现自燃等事故的主要原因。而对于电池的热失控防护及探测的研究正处于起步阶段，目前检测热失控的方式一般只关注一项参数，检测手段较为单一，整体可靠性较低，易发生误报。New energy vehicles are developing at a high speed. With the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicles has attracted widespread attention. A large number of studies and accident investigations have shown that the thermal runaway of power batteries is the main cause of accidents such as spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles. The research on thermal runaway protection and detection of batteries is in its infancy. The current detection methods for thermal runaway generally only focus on one parameter. The detection method is relatively simple, the overall reliability is low, and false alarms are prone to occur.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为保证新能源汽车的使用安全性，同时减少热失控误报，需要设计一种动力电池热失控预警系统及热失控检测方法。In order to ensure the safety of new energy vehicles and reduce false alarms of thermal runaway, it is necessary to design a power battery thermal runaway warning system and thermal runaway detection method.
本发明通过如下技术方案实现：The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
一种动力电池热失控预警系统，包括温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块、判断模块、车端预警模块及云端预警模块；所述温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块分别与判断模块连接，所述判断模块分别与车端预警模块及云端预警模块连接；其中，所述温度检测模块用于检测电池温度；所述电压检测模块用于采集每组串联电池单体的电压；所述烟雾检测模块用于检测电池箱体内部烟雾浓度；温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块将检测到的信号均发送给判断模块；所述判断模块用于计算电压随时间的变化速率及温度随时间的变化速率，同时判断电池在当前状态下是否达成热失控预警条件；并将信号传给车端预警模块及云端预警模块；所述车端预警模块用于接收整车热失控预警信号进行车端报警；所述云端预警模块用于反馈整车热失控预警信号给云端数据平台。A power battery thermal runaway early warning system, including a temperature detection module, a voltage detection module, a smoke detection module, a judgment module, a vehicle end warning module, and a cloud warning module; The modules are connected, and the judging module is respectively connected with the vehicle end early warning module and the cloud early warning module; wherein, the temperature detection module is used to detect the battery temperature; the voltage detection module is used to collect the voltage of each group of series-connected battery cells; The smoke detection module is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the battery box; the temperature detection module, the voltage detection module, and the smoke detection module all send the detected signals to the judgment module; the judgment module is used to calculate the rate of change of the voltage with time and The rate of change of temperature over time, while judging whether the battery has reached the thermal runaway warning condition in the current state; and sending the signal to the early warning module at the vehicle end and the early warning module at the cloud; the early warning module at the vehicle end is used to receive the thermal runaway early warning signal of the vehicle Carry out an alarm at the vehicle end; the cloud early warning module is used to feed back the vehicle thermal runaway early warning signal to the cloud data platform.
进一步地，所述温度检测模块包括一个或多个温度传感器，所述电压检测模块包括多个电压传感器，所述烟雾检测模块包括一个或多个烟雾传感器。Further, the temperature detection module includes one or more temperature sensors, the voltage detection module includes a plurality of voltage sensors, and the smoke detection module includes one or more smoke sensors.
进一步地，所述温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块布置于电池箱体内部。Further, the temperature detection module, voltage detection module and smoke detection module are arranged inside the battery box.
进一步地，所述判断模块在电池达成热失控预警条件时，发送相应的热失控预警信号给车端预警模块。Further, the judging module sends a corresponding thermal runaway warning signal to the car end warning module when the battery meets the thermal runaway warning condition.
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种动力电池热失控检测方法，具体包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for detecting thermal runaway of a power battery, which specifically includes the following steps:
S1：实时获取一组采集到的动力电池温度、单体电压及内部烟雾浓度的数据；S1: Real-time acquisition of a set of collected data on power battery temperature, cell voltage and internal smoke concentration;
S2：计算温度及单体电压随时间变化的速率；S2: Calculate the rate of change of temperature and cell voltage with time;
S3：判断温升速率、单体电压下降速率或烟雾浓度三项参数中是否有一项大于热失控预警阈值，如满足，发送热失控一级预警信号，其中，所述热失控一级预警信号表明车辆存在热失控风险，提醒用户停车并进行检修；S3: Judging whether one of the three parameters of temperature rise rate, cell voltage drop rate or smoke concentration is greater than the thermal runaway warning threshold, if satisfied, send a thermal runaway first-level warning signal, wherein the thermal runaway first-level warning signal indicates The vehicle has a risk of thermal runaway, reminding the user to stop and perform maintenance;
S4：判断其他两项参数是否大于热失控预警阈值，如满足，发送热失控二级预警信号，其中，所述热失控二级预警信号表明车辆即将发生热失控，提醒驾驶员迅速远离车辆。S4: Determine whether the other two parameters are greater than the thermal runaway warning threshold, and if so, send a thermal runaway secondary warning signal, wherein the thermal runaway secondary warning signal indicates that the vehicle is about to experience thermal runaway, and reminds the driver to move away from the vehicle quickly.
进一步地，所述电池温升速率的热失控预警阈值设置为10-30℃/min。Further, the thermal runaway warning threshold of the battery temperature rise rate is set at 10-30°C/min.
进一步地，所述电池单体电压下降速率的热失控预警阈值设置为10-50mV/s。Further, the thermal runaway warning threshold of the battery cell voltage drop rate is set to 10-50mV/s.
进一步地，所述烟雾浓度的热失控预警阈值设置为1000-10000μg/m3。Further, the thermal runaway warning threshold of the smoke concentration is set at 1000-10000 μg/m3 .
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点如下：Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
本发明通过对电池温度、单体电压及烟雾浓度的采集与处理，设置多种参数条件对电池热失控状态进行综合判断并分级报警，有效提高热失控预警可靠性，降低误报几率。The invention collects and processes the battery temperature, cell voltage and smoke concentration, and sets various parameter conditions to comprehensively judge the thermal runaway state of the battery and provide graded alarms, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the thermal runaway early warning and reducing the probability of false alarms.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。在所有附图中，类似的元件或部分一般由类似的附图标记标识。附图中，各元件或部分并不一定按照实际的比例绘制。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Throughout the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or parts are not necessarily drawn in actual scale.
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的动力电池热失控预警系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery thermal runaway warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的动力电池热失控检测方法流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting thermal runaway of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为清楚、完整地描述本发明所述技术方案及其具体工作过程，结合说明书附图，本发明的具体实施方式如下：In order to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention and its specific working process, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific implementation of the present invention is as follows:
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified limit. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，为本实施例的一种动力电池热失控预警系统的流程示意图，所述预警系统包括温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块、判断模块、车端预警模块及云端预警模块；所述温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块分别与判断模块连接，所述判断模块分别与车端预警模块及云端预警模块连接；其中，所述温度检测模块用于检测电池温度；所述电压检测模块用于采集每组串联电池单体的电压；所述烟雾检测模块用于检测电池箱体内部烟雾浓度；温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块将检测到的信号均发送给判断模块；所述判断模块用于计算电压随时间的变化速率及温度随时间的变化速率，同时判断电池在当前状态下是否达成热失控预警条件；并将信号传给车端预警模块及云端预警模块；所述车端预警模块用于接收整车热失控预警信号进行车端报警；所述云端预警模块用于反馈整车热失控预警信号给云端数据平台。As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic flow chart of a power battery thermal runaway early warning system in this embodiment. The early warning system includes a temperature detection module, a voltage detection module, a smoke detection module, a judgment module, a vehicle end early warning module and a cloud early warning. module; the temperature detection module, the voltage detection module, and the smoke detection module are respectively connected to the judgment module, and the judgment module is respectively connected to the vehicle end early warning module and the cloud early warning module; wherein, the temperature detection module is used to detect the battery temperature; The voltage detection module is used to collect the voltage of each group of series-connected battery cells; the smoke detection module is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the battery box; the temperature detection module, the voltage detection module, and the smoke detection module all send the detected signals to To the judging module; the judging module is used to calculate the rate of change of the voltage over time and the rate of change of the temperature over time, and at the same time judge whether the battery has reached the thermal runaway warning condition in the current state; Early warning module; the vehicle end early warning module is used to receive the vehicle thermal runaway early warning signal for vehicle end alarm; the cloud early warning module is used to feed back the vehicle thermal runaway early warning signal to the cloud data platform.
所述温度检测模块、电压检测模块、烟雾检测模块布置于电池箱体内部。The temperature detection module, voltage detection module and smoke detection module are arranged inside the battery box.
所述判断模块在电池达成热失控预警条件时，发送相应的热失控预警信号。The judging module sends a corresponding thermal runaway warning signal when the battery meets the thermal runaway warning condition.
实施例2Example 2
如图2所示，为本实施例的一种动力电池热失控检测方法的流程示意图，所述检测方法包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic flow chart of a thermal runaway detection method of a power battery in this embodiment, and the detection method includes the following steps:
S1：实时获取一组采集到的动力电池温度、单体电压及内部烟雾浓度的数据；S1: Real-time acquisition of a set of collected data on power battery temperature, cell voltage and internal smoke concentration;
S2：计算温度及单体电压随时间变化的速率；S2: Calculate the rate of change of temperature and cell voltage with time;
S3：判断温升速率、单体电压下降速率或烟雾浓度三项参数中是否有一项大于热失控预警阈值，如满足，发送热失控一级预警信号，其中，所述热失控一级预警信号表明车辆存在热失控风险，提醒用户停车并进行检修；S3: Judging whether one of the three parameters of temperature rise rate, cell voltage drop rate or smoke concentration is greater than the thermal runaway warning threshold, if satisfied, send a thermal runaway first-level warning signal, wherein the thermal runaway first-level warning signal indicates The vehicle has a risk of thermal runaway, reminding the user to stop and perform maintenance;
S4：判断其他两项参数是否大于热失控预警阈值，如满足，发送热失控二级预警信号，其中，所述热失控二级预警信号表明车辆即将发生热失控，提醒驾驶员迅速远离车辆。S4: Determine whether the other two parameters are greater than the thermal runaway warning threshold, and if so, send a thermal runaway secondary warning signal, wherein the thermal runaway secondary warning signal indicates that the vehicle is about to experience thermal runaway, and reminds the driver to move away from the vehicle quickly.
所述电池温升速率的热失控预警阈值设置为10-30℃/min。The thermal runaway warning threshold of the battery temperature rise rate is set at 10-30°C/min.
所述电池单体电压下降速率的热失控预警阈值设置为10-50mV/s。The thermal runaway warning threshold of the battery cell voltage drop rate is set to 10-50mV/s.
所述烟雾浓度的热失控预警阈值设置为1000～10000μg/m3。The thermal runaway warning threshold of the smoke concentration is set at 1000-10000 μg/m3 .
本发明通过对电池温度、单体电压及烟雾浓度的采集与处理，设置多种参数条件对电池热失控状态进行综合判断并分级报警，有效提高热失控预警可靠性，降低误报几率。The invention collects and processes the battery temperature, cell voltage and smoke concentration, and sets various parameter conditions to comprehensively judge the thermal runaway state of the battery and provide graded alarms, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the thermal runaway early warning and reducing the probability of false alarms.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiment, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way if there is no contradiction. The combination method will not be described separately.
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。In addition, various combinations of different embodiments of the present invention can also be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention.
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