技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于远距离探测技术领域，具体涉及一种合成孔径成像系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of long-distance detection, and in particular relates to a synthetic aperture imaging system.
背景技术Background Art
对应用于天文观测或对地观测的光学望远镜系统，分辨率越高，系统观测像质量越高。根据瑞利准测，单孔径光学望远镜系统的分辨率主要受限于观测口径的大小，但是望远镜的成本、制造难度与其口径大小成正比，因此无限制提升单个孔径望远镜的尺寸是不可取的。合成孔径成像系统利用多个小口径组合，使得分辨率能够和单个大口径系统相比拟，同时有效缩减成本、降低制造难度，合成孔径直观效果如图1所示，直径为d的多个孔径组合，其成像效果等效于直径为Deff的单个孔径。在合成孔径成像技术中，为了取得高质量的成像效果，一方面需要有效控制各子孔径之间的相位误差以及各自的装调误差；另一方面需要对合成孔径的子孔径排布方式进行优化，从而获得更有效的成像结果。For optical telescope systems used for astronomical observation or earth observation, the higher the resolution, the higher the quality of the system observation image. According to the Rayleigh criterion, the resolution of a single-aperture optical telescope system is mainly limited by the size of the observation aperture, but the cost and manufacturing difficulty of the telescope are proportional to its aperture size, so it is not advisable to increase the size of a single aperture telescope without limit. The synthetic aperture imaging system uses a combination of multiple small apertures to make the resolution comparable to that of a single large aperture system, while effectively reducing costs and manufacturing difficulties. The intuitive effect of the synthetic aperture is shown in Figure 1. The combination of multiple apertures with a diameter of d has an imaging effect equivalent to a single aperture with a diameter of Deff. In synthetic aperture imaging technology, in order to achieve high-quality imaging effects, on the one hand, it is necessary to effectively control the phase errors between each sub-aperture and their respective adjustment errors; on the other hand, it is necessary to optimize the sub-aperture arrangement of the synthetic aperture to obtain more effective imaging results.
目前，多孔径系统应用的传统排布方式是圆形排布或正六边形排布，以上两种排布方式能够有效取得单个等效大孔径的成像分辨率，但是合成孔径成像系统的点扩散函数(Point Spread Function,PSF)和调制传递函数(Modulation Transfer Function,MTF)与两两子孔径之间的距离向量紧密相关，并且PSF和MTF决定系统成像质量的高低。圆形、六边形的对称结构，会产生许多重复的距离向量，从而导致PSF的旁瓣强度较高，以及MTF在某些中频的损失，MTF某些位置的中频强度出现剧烈变化，引起成像的振铃效应，进而影响合成孔径系统的成像质量。At present, the traditional arrangement of multi-aperture systems is circular arrangement or regular hexagonal arrangement. The above two arrangements can effectively obtain the imaging resolution of a single equivalent large aperture, but the point spread function (PSF) and modulation transfer function (MTF) of the synthetic aperture imaging system are closely related to the distance vector between the two sub-apertures, and PSF and MTF determine the imaging quality of the system. The circular and hexagonal symmetrical structures will produce many repeated distance vectors, resulting in high sidelobe intensity of PSF and loss of MTF in certain intermediate frequencies. The intermediate frequency intensity of certain positions of MTF changes dramatically, causing the ringing effect of imaging, which in turn affects the imaging quality of the synthetic aperture system.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决相关技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供了一种合成孔径成像系统。本发明要解决的技术问题通过以下技术方案实现：In order to solve the above problems existing in the related art, the present invention provides a synthetic aperture imaging system. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
本发明提供一种合成孔径成像系统，包括：The present invention provides a synthetic aperture imaging system, comprising:
透镜、探测器和合成孔径；lenses, detectors, and synthetic apertures;
所述透镜位于成像目标的一侧；The lens is located on one side of the imaging target;
所述合成孔径位于所述透镜远离所述成像目标的一侧，并且，所述合成孔径由多个尺寸相同、以费马螺旋阵列排布的子孔径组成，每个子孔径的反射面与所述透镜的反射面相对；The synthetic aperture is located on a side of the lens away from the imaging target, and the synthetic aperture is composed of a plurality of sub-apertures of the same size arranged in a Fermat spiral array, and a reflection surface of each sub-aperture is opposite to a reflection surface of the lens;
所述探测器位于所述透镜的焦平面，并且，位于子孔径远离所述透镜的一侧；The detector is located at the focal plane of the lens and at a side of the sub-aperture away from the lens;
来自所述成像目标的信息光经过每个子孔径的反射面的反射后，到达所述透镜的反射面，经过所述透镜的反射面的再次反射后，到达所述探测器，由所述探测器进行成像。The information light from the imaging target is reflected by the reflection surface of each sub-aperture and reaches the reflection surface of the lens. After being reflected again by the reflection surface of the lens, the information light reaches the detector and is imaged by the detector.
在一些实施例中，所述费马螺旋阵列采用以下公式表示：In some embodiments, the Fermat spiral array is represented by the following formula:
其中，N表示子孔径的数量，ρn表示第n个子孔径的中心位置与螺旋中心的距离，s表示费马螺旋阵列的均匀性与集中程度；φn表示第n个子孔径的中心位置相对于极轴的角度，β1表示第n个子孔径与第n-1个子孔径之间的角位移，π表示圆周率。Where N represents the number of subapertures,ρn represents the distance between the center of the nth subaperture and the center of the spiral, s represents the uniformity and concentration of the Fermat spiral array,φn represents the angle of the center of the nth subaperture relative to the polar axis,β1 represents the angular displacement between the nth subaperture and the n-1th subaperture, and π represents pi.
在一些实施例中，所述透镜为凸透镜，每个子孔径为反射镜。In some embodiments, the lens is a convex lens and each sub-aperture is a reflective mirror.
在一些实施例中，每个子孔径的直径为1.14mm。In some embodiments, the diameter of each subaperture is 1.14 mm.
在一些实施例中，所述合成孔径由19～91个尺寸相同、以费马螺旋阵列排布的子孔径组成。In some embodiments, the synthetic aperture is composed of 19 to 91 sub-apertures of the same size arranged in a Fermat spiral array.
本发明具有如下有益技术效果：The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
通过本发明所设计的子孔径的排布方式，能够在保证系统的分辨率的前提下，有效降低系统PSF的旁瓣强度、减小MTF在中频的损失(提升MTF中频强度)，从而有利于提升成像的质量；并且，来自成像目标的信息光首先经过各子孔径，之后由透镜将信息光再反射至置于透镜的焦平面的探测器上，以对目标进行成像，如此，能够得到更高质量的图像。By arranging the sub-apertures designed in the present invention, it is possible to effectively reduce the sidelobe intensity of the system PSF and reduce the loss of MTF in the intermediate frequency (increase the MTF intermediate frequency intensity) while ensuring the resolution of the system, thereby helping to improve the quality of imaging; and, the information light from the imaging target first passes through each sub-aperture, and then the lens reflects the information light to a detector placed on the focal plane of the lens to image the target, so that a higher quality image can be obtained.
以下将结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例提供的合成孔径直观效果示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic aperture intuitive effect provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的示例性的合成孔径成像系统的剖面示意图；FIG2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary synthetic aperture imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的示例性的一个合成孔径的示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary synthetic aperture provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的示例性的另一个合成孔径的示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary synthetic aperture provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的用MATLAB数值仿真软件对一个合成孔径成像系统进行点扩散函数计算，所得到的点扩散函数的二维分布图；FIG5 is a two-dimensional distribution diagram of a point spread function obtained by calculating a point spread function of a synthetic aperture imaging system using MATLAB numerical simulation software according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的用MATLAB数值仿真软件对一个合成孔径成像系统进行点扩散函数计算，所得到的点扩散函数的一维剖面对数尺度曲线图；FIG6 is a one-dimensional cross-sectional logarithmic scale curve diagram of a point spread function obtained by calculating the point spread function of a synthetic aperture imaging system using MATLAB numerical simulation software according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例提供的用MATLAB数值仿真软件对另一个合成孔径成像系统进行调制传递函数计算，所得到的调制传递函数的二维分布图；FIG7 is a two-dimensional distribution diagram of the modulation transfer function obtained by calculating the modulation transfer function of another synthetic aperture imaging system using MATLAB numerical simulation software according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例提供的用MATLAB数值仿真软件对另一个合成孔径成像系统进行调制传递函数计算，所得到的调制传递函数的一维半剖面曲线图。FIG8 is a one-dimensional half-section curve diagram of a modulation transfer function obtained by calculating the modulation transfer function of another synthetic aperture imaging system using MATLAB numerical simulation software according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
尽管在此结合各实施例对本发明进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本发明过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看所述附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现所述公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。Although the present invention is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed invention, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "one" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions listed in the claims. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.
实施例一Embodiment 1
图2是本发明实施例提供的合成孔径成像系统的一个剖面图，如图2所示，该合成孔径成像系统包括：透镜11、探测器12和合成孔径13。透镜11位于成像目标的一侧。合成孔径13位于透镜11远离成像目标的一侧，并且，合成孔径13由多个尺寸相同、以费马螺旋阵列排布的子孔径131组成，每个子孔径131的反射面与透镜的反射面相对。探测器12位于透镜11的焦平面，并且，位于子孔径131远离透镜11的一侧。如图2所示，来自成像目标(图2中未显示)的信息光经过每个子孔径131的反射面的反射后，到达透镜11的反射面，经过透镜11的反射面的再次反射后，到达探测器12，由探测器12进行成像。FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic aperture imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG2 , the synthetic aperture imaging system includes: a lens 11, a detector 12, and a synthetic aperture 13. The lens 11 is located on one side of the imaging target. The synthetic aperture 13 is located on the side of the lens 11 away from the imaging target, and the synthetic aperture 13 is composed of a plurality of sub-apertures 131 of the same size arranged in a Fermat spiral array, and the reflection surface of each sub-aperture 131 is opposite to the reflection surface of the lens. The detector 12 is located in the focal plane of the lens 11, and is located on the side of the sub-aperture 131 away from the lens 11. As shown in FIG2 , the information light from the imaging target (not shown in FIG2 ) is reflected by the reflection surface of each sub-aperture 131, reaches the reflection surface of the lens 11, and after being reflected again by the reflection surface of the lens 11, reaches the detector 12, and is imaged by the detector 12.
在一些实施例中，透镜11可以是凸透镜。In some embodiments, lens 11 may be a convex lens.
在一些实施例中，子孔径131为反射镜。In some embodiments, sub-aperture 131 is a mirror.
本发明实施例中，费马螺旋阵列可以采用以下公式表示：In the embodiment of the present invention, the Fermat spiral array can be expressed by the following formula:
其中，N表示子孔径的数量，ρn表示第n个子孔径的中心位置与螺旋中心的距离，s表示费马螺旋阵列的均匀性与集中程度；φn表示第n个子孔径的中心位置相对于极轴的角度，β1表示第n个子孔径与第n-1个子孔径之间的角位移，π表示圆周率。Where N represents the number of subapertures,ρn represents the distance between the center of the nth subaperture and the center of the spiral, s represents the uniformity and concentration of the Fermat spiral array,φn represents the angle of the center of the nth subaperture relative to the polar axis,β1 represents the angular displacement between the nth subaperture and the n-1th subaperture, and π represents pi.
这里，上述公式是针对极坐标系而言，所述的位置均为极坐标位置。Here, the above formula is for a polar coordinate system, and the positions mentioned are all polar coordinate positions.
这里，β1和s的数值，可以根据实际需要设定；示例性的，β1可以为1.618。Here, the values ofβ1 and s can be set according to actual needs; illustratively,β1 can be 1.618.
这里，组成合成孔径的子孔径的数量，以及每个子孔径的直径大小可以根据实际需要设定。示例性的，合成孔径可以由19～91个尺寸相同、以费马螺旋阵列排布的子孔径组成，并且子孔径的数目越大，效果越明显。Here, the number of subapertures constituting the synthetic aperture and the diameter of each subaperture can be set according to actual needs. For example, the synthetic aperture can be composed of 19 to 91 subapertures of the same size arranged in a Fermat spiral array, and the larger the number of subapertures, the more obvious the effect.
示例性的，图3为一个合成孔径的示意图。如图3所示，该合成孔径由37个子孔径组成，每个子孔径的半径R为1.14mm，合成孔径的半径R为10.28mm；并且，如图3所示，这37个子孔径按照费马螺旋阵列排布。For example, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic aperture. As shown in Fig. 3, the synthetic aperture is composed of 37 sub-apertures, each sub-aperture has a radius R of 1.14 mm, and the radius R of the synthetic aperture is 10.28 mm; and, as shown in Fig. 3, the 37 sub-apertures are arranged in a Fermat spiral array.
又一示例性的，图4为另一个合成孔径的示意图。如图4所示，该合成孔径由61个子孔径组成，每个子孔径的半径R为1.14mm，合成孔径的半径R为12.86mm；并且，如图4所示，这61个子孔径按照费马螺旋阵列排布。As another example, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another synthetic aperture. As shown in Figure 4, the synthetic aperture is composed of 61 sub-apertures, each sub-aperture has a radius R of 1.14 mm, and the radius R of the synthetic aperture is 12.86 mm; and, as shown in Figure 4, the 61 sub-apertures are arranged in a Fermat spiral array.
实施例二Embodiment 2
以下通过实验数据，对本发明提供的合成孔径成像系统的有益效果进行进一步说明。The beneficial effects of the synthetic aperture imaging system provided by the present invention are further illustrated below through experimental data.
1)利用Matlab软件对包含37个子孔径、每个子孔径的半径为1.14mm，外接圆半径为10.28mm，面积填充因子为0.454的成像系统进行数值模拟，分别分析成像系统的点扩散函数和调制传递函数：1) Using Matlab software, a numerical simulation is performed on an imaging system with 37 sub-apertures, each with a radius of 1.14 mm, a circumscribed circle radius of 10.28 mm, and an area filling factor of 0.454. The point spread function and modulation transfer function of the imaging system are analyzed respectively:
成像系统的点扩散函数根据如下公式计算：The point spread function of the imaging system is calculated according to the following formula:
其中，MTFsub(fx,fy)表示每个子孔径的点扩散函数，N表示子孔径的数量，λ表示入射系统的光波长，f表示光瞳面到成像面的距离，Δx和Δy分别表示任意两个子孔径的中心位置之间的横向距离和纵向距离。当输入波长λ为600nm，f为400mm时，计算出的点扩散函数的二维分布如图5。如图5所示，按照费马螺旋阵列排布的合成孔径成像系统的点扩散函数，其旁瓣强度明显低于中心主瓣，集中在主瓣的点扩散函数强度得到了提升。点扩散函数的一维剖面对数尺度曲线如图6。如图6所示，按照费马螺旋阵列排布的合成孔径成像系统的点扩散函数，其旁瓣强度相比于使用传统阵列平均低12.8dB；如此，说明按照费马螺旋阵列的成像系统具有更好的点扩散函数，有利于提升成像的质量。Wherein, MTFsub (fx ,fy ) represents the point spread function of each subaperture, N represents the number of subapertures, λ represents the wavelength of light incident on the system, f represents the distance from the pupil plane to the imaging plane, and Δx and Δy represent the lateral distance and longitudinal distance between the center positions of any two subapertures, respectively. When the input wavelength λ is 600nm and f is 400mm, the two-dimensional distribution of the calculated point spread function is shown in FIG5 . As shown in FIG5 , the side lobe intensity of the point spread function of the synthetic aperture imaging system arranged according to the Fermat spiral array is significantly lower than the central main lobe, and the intensity of the point spread function concentrated in the main lobe is improved. The one-dimensional profile logarithmic scale curve of the point spread function is shown in FIG6 . As shown in FIG6 , the side lobe intensity of the point spread function of the synthetic aperture imaging system arranged according to the Fermat spiral array is 12.8dB lower on average than that of the traditional array; this indicates that the imaging system according to the Fermat spiral array has a better point spread function, which is beneficial to improving the imaging quality.
成像系统的调制传递函数根据如下公式计算：The modulation transfer function of the imaging system is calculated according to the following formula:
其中，MTFsub(fx,fy)表示每个子孔径的调制传递函数，N表示子孔径数量，λ表示入射系统的光波长，f表示光瞳面到成像面的距离，Δx和Δy分别表示任意两个子孔径的中心位置之间的横向距离和纵向距离。当输入波长λ为600nm，f为400mm时，计算出的调制传递函数的二维分布如图7。如图7所示，按照费马螺旋阵列排布的合成孔径成像系统的调制传递函数，其截止频率与使用传统阵列的成像系统的截止频率相当，因此，成像系统的分辨率并没有降低，并且，中频损失减少，中频的平均强度升高。调制传递函数的一维半剖面曲线如图8。如图8所示，中频强度变化平缓，没有剧烈变化的现象，可以有效降低使用传统阵列排布成像系统的振铃效应，如此，说明按照费马螺旋阵列排布能够有效提升成像系统的成像质量。Wherein, MTFsub (fx ,fy ) represents the modulation transfer function of each subaperture, N represents the number of subapertures, λ represents the wavelength of light incident on the system, f represents the distance from the pupil plane to the imaging plane, and Δx and Δy represent the lateral distance and longitudinal distance between the center positions of any two subapertures, respectively. When the input wavelength λ is 600nm and f is 400mm, the two-dimensional distribution of the calculated modulation transfer function is shown in FIG7 . As shown in FIG7 , the modulation transfer function of the synthetic aperture imaging system arranged according to the Fermat spiral array has a cutoff frequency that is equivalent to the cutoff frequency of the imaging system using the traditional array. Therefore, the resolution of the imaging system is not reduced, and the intermediate frequency loss is reduced, and the average intensity of the intermediate frequency is increased. The one-dimensional half-section curve of the modulation transfer function is shown in FIG8 . As shown in FIG8 , the intermediate frequency intensity changes smoothly without drastic changes, which can effectively reduce the ringing effect of the imaging system arranged using the traditional array. This shows that the Fermat spiral array arrangement can effectively improve the imaging quality of the imaging system.
2)在多波长入射条件下，例如，457nm、532nm和633nm三波长条件，以及380nm-780nm波长间隔40nm的十一波长条件下，同样对包含37个子孔径、每个子孔径的半径为1.14mm，外接圆半径为10.28mm，面积填充因子为0.454的成像系统进行了点扩散函数和调制传递函数的数值计算。在三波长条件下，成像系统的点扩散函数的旁瓣强度比使用传统阵列的成像系统低13.85dB，成像系统的调制传递函数的中频平均强度比使用传统阵列的成像系统高，并且损失更少。在十一波长条件下，成像系统的点扩散函数的旁瓣强度比使用传统阵列的成像系统低13.95dB，成像系统的调制传递函数同样优于使用传统阵列的成像系统。如此，说明子孔径排布按照费马螺旋阵列排布的合成孔径成像系统在多波长入射条件下依然能够有效提升成像系统的成像质量。2) Under multi-wavelength incident conditions, for example, three-wavelength conditions of 457nm, 532nm and 633nm, and eleven-wavelength conditions with a wavelength interval of 40nm between 380nm and 780nm, the point spread function and modulation transfer function of the imaging system including 37 sub-apertures, each with a radius of 1.14mm, a circumscribed circle radius of 10.28mm, and an area filling factor of 0.454 were numerically calculated. Under the three-wavelength condition, the sidelobe intensity of the point spread function of the imaging system is 13.85dB lower than that of the imaging system using the traditional array, and the intermediate frequency average intensity of the modulation transfer function of the imaging system is higher than that of the imaging system using the traditional array, and the loss is less. Under the eleven-wavelength condition, the sidelobe intensity of the point spread function of the imaging system is 13.95dB lower than that of the imaging system using the traditional array, and the modulation transfer function of the imaging system is also better than that of the imaging system using the traditional array. This shows that the synthetic aperture imaging system with the sub-aperture arrangement arranged according to the Fermat spiral array can still effectively improve the imaging quality of the imaging system under multi-wavelength incident conditions.
3)对于子孔径数目为61、每个子孔径的半径同样为1.14mm，外接圆的半径为12.86mm，面积填充因子为0.4794的合成孔径成像系统，同样利用Matlab对该合成孔径成像系统计算点扩散函数和调制传递函数，发现单波长、三波长和十一波长条件下，点扩散函数旁瓣强度分别比使用传统阵列的成像系统低17.45dB、18.65dB和26.3dB，调制传递函数的中频平均强度也得到提升，中频损失减少。如此可知，在增大子孔径数目的条件下，本发明设计的费马螺旋阵列仍能够优化合成孔径成像系统的点扩散函数和调制传递函数，提升成像系统的成像性能。3) For a synthetic aperture imaging system with 61 subapertures, the radius of each subaperture is also 1.14 mm, the radius of the circumscribed circle is 12.86 mm, and the area filling factor is 0.4794, Matlab is also used to calculate the point spread function and modulation transfer function of the synthetic aperture imaging system. It is found that under the conditions of single wavelength, three wavelengths and eleven wavelengths, the sidelobe intensity of the point spread function is 17.45 dB, 18.65 dB and 26.3 dB lower than that of the imaging system using the traditional array, respectively, and the average intensity of the intermediate frequency of the modulation transfer function is also improved, and the intermediate frequency loss is reduced. It can be seen that under the condition of increasing the number of subapertures, the Fermat spiral array designed by the present invention can still optimize the point spread function and modulation transfer function of the synthetic aperture imaging system and improve the imaging performance of the imaging system.
本发明的费马螺旋阵列，将其应用到合成孔径成像系统的子孔径排布，利用其非对称分布的特点，能够有效减小系统点扩散函数的旁瓣强度，提升集中在点扩散函数主瓣的强度；本发明应用费马螺旋阵列于合成孔径成像，能够有效提升系统调制传递函数的中频平均强度，减少中频的损失以及中频强度剧烈变化的现象，避免成像的振铃效应，提升系统的成像质量；本发明采用的费马螺旋阵列子孔径排布方式，能够在原传统系统条件下不增加额外器件，实现合成孔径成像系统的排布优化，能够有效控制系统的成本并同时提升系统的成像性能。The Fermat spiral array of the present invention is applied to the sub-aperture arrangement of the synthetic aperture imaging system. By utilizing the characteristics of its asymmetric distribution, the sidelobe intensity of the system point spread function can be effectively reduced, and the intensity of the main lobe of the point spread function can be improved. The present invention applies the Fermat spiral array to synthetic aperture imaging, which can effectively improve the average intermediate frequency intensity of the system modulation transfer function, reduce the loss of the intermediate frequency and the phenomenon of drastic changes in the intermediate frequency intensity, avoid the ringing effect of imaging, and improve the imaging quality of the system. The Fermat spiral array sub-aperture arrangement method adopted by the present invention can achieve the arrangement optimization of the synthetic aperture imaging system without adding additional devices under the original traditional system conditions, and can effectively control the system cost and improve the imaging performance of the system at the same time.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN202310066747.6ACN116149073B (en) | 2023-01-16 | 2023-01-16 | Synthetic aperture imaging system |
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