CN116146209A - Fracturing hole arrangement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fracturing hole arrangement method which comprises the steps that a coal face is provided with at least two face slots, at least two fracturing holes are arranged in a roof stratum before or during mining of the coal face, and the fracturing holes are arranged above each face slot. According to the method for arranging the fracturing holes, the fracturing holes are formed in the upper portion of each working face cis trough of the coal face, surrounding rocks above the working face cis troughs are fully fractured, and the working face cis troughs are in a low-stress area during roadway tunneling and working face stoping so as to protect the working face cis trough through the fracturing holes.

Description

Translated fromChinese

压裂孔布置方法Fracturing hole layout method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及煤矿开采技术领域，具体涉及一种压裂孔布置方法。The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for arranging fracturing holes.

背景技术Background technique

煤矿矿井的长壁工作面开采时会在顶板岩层内设置压裂孔，通过压裂孔将顶板岩层压裂形成裂隙，使顶板岩层形成“人造解放层”，以防治冲击地压。相关技术中，压裂孔在顶板岩层内的布置位置无要求，或仅要求多个压裂孔等间距设置，存在工作面顺槽处于压裂盲区或者压裂不充分区域的情况，导致开采过程中工作面顺槽受到较大的应力，诱发冲击地压。When the longwall working face of the coal mine is mined, fracturing holes will be set in the roof rock layer, and the roof rock layer will be fractured to form cracks through the fracturing holes, so that the roof rock layer will form an "artificial liberation layer" to prevent rock burst. In the related technology, there is no requirement for the location of the fracturing holes in the roof strata, or only multiple fracturing holes are required to be arranged at equal intervals, and there are situations where the working face is located in a fracturing blind area or an insufficient fracturing area along the trough, resulting in the failure of the mining process. The medium working face is subjected to a large stress along the groove, which induces rock burst.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的实施例提出一种压裂孔布置方法，该压裂孔布置方法在采煤工作面的每个工作面顺槽的上方均设有压裂孔，使工作面顺槽上方的围岩被充分压裂，在巷道掘进及工作面回采期间，工作面顺槽处于低应力区，以通过压裂孔对工作面顺槽形成保护作用。The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for arranging fracturing holes. In the method for arranging fracturing holes, fracturing holes are provided above the trough of each working face of the coal mining face, so that the fracturing holes above the trough of the working face The surrounding rock is fully fractured. During the roadway excavation and working face mining, the working face along the groove is in the low stress area, so as to protect the working face along the groove through the fracturing holes.

本发明实施例的压裂孔布置方法包括：The fracturing hole arrangement method of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

采煤工作面具有至少两个工作面顺槽，在所述采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层内设置至少两个压裂孔，且每个所述工作面顺槽的上方均设有所述压裂孔。The coal mining face has at least two working face troughs. Before or during the mining of the coal mining face, at least two fracturing holes are set in the roof stratum, and each of the working faces is above the trough. The fracturing holes are all provided.

本发明实施例的压裂孔布置方法在采煤工作面的每个工作面顺槽的上方均设有压裂孔，使工作面顺槽上方的围岩被充分压裂，在巷道掘进及工作面回采期间，工作面顺槽处于低应力区，以通过压裂孔对工作面顺槽形成保护作用。According to the fracturing hole layout method of the embodiment of the present invention, fracturing holes are provided above the trough of each working face in the coal mining face, so that the surrounding rock above the trough of the working face is fully fractured, and the roadway excavation and work During face recovery, the working face along the groove is in a low stress area to protect the working face along the groove through the fracturing holes.

在一些实施例中，所述采煤工作面为多个，多个所述采煤工作面沿第一方向依次布置，沿所述第一方向，第一个所述采煤工作面的每个所述工作面顺槽的正上方均设有所述压裂孔，其余所述采煤工作面的至少两个所述工作面顺槽中，除最靠近前一个所述采煤工作面的所述工作面顺槽以外，其余所述工作面顺槽的正上方设有所述压裂孔。In some embodiments, there are multiple coal mining faces, and the multiple coal mining faces are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and along the first direction, each of the first coal mining faces The fracturing holes are provided directly above the chute of the working face, and in at least two of the chutes of the other working faces, except the one closest to the previous chute Except for the chute on the working face, the fracturing holes are provided directly above the chute on the other working faces.

在一些实施例中，在第一个所述采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在所述顶板岩层内设置至少两个所述压裂孔，并与第一个所述采煤工作面的至少两个所述工作面顺槽一一对应设置；In some embodiments, before or during the mining of the first coal mining face, at least two of the fracturing holes are set in the roof strata, and are connected to the first coal mining face. At least two of the working faces are provided in one-to-one correspondence along the groove;

在前一个所述采煤工作面开采之后，且在下一个所述采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在所述顶板岩层内设置位于下一个所述采煤工作面的所述其余所述工作面顺槽的正上方的所述压裂孔。After the mining of the previous coal mining face, and before or during the mining of the next coal mining face, the rest of the coal mining faces located in the next coal mining face are arranged in the roof strata. The fracturing hole is directly above the slot along the working face.

在一些实施例中，在所述采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在地面设置至少两个地面水平井，至少两个所述压裂孔与至少两个地面水平井一一对应连通。In some embodiments, before or during the mining of the coal mining face, at least two surface horizontal wells are set on the ground, and at least two of the fracturing holes communicate with the at least two surface horizontal wells in one-to-one correspondence.

在一些实施例中，在所述采煤工作面开采之前，在地面设置所述地面水平井，并在所述顶板岩层内设置所述压裂孔。In some embodiments, before the coal mining face is mined, the surface horizontal well is set on the ground, and the fracturing holes are set in the roof rock layer.

在一些实施例中，所述压裂孔为水力压裂孔。In some embodiments, the fracture holes are hydraulic fracture holes.

在一些实施例中，所述压裂孔的延伸方向与对应的所述工作面顺槽的延伸方向相同。In some embodiments, the extension direction of the fracturing holes is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding working surface along the groove.

在一些实施例中，所述顶板岩层包括基本顶和直接顶，所述基本顶位于所述直接顶的上方，所述压裂孔设在所述基本顶内。In some embodiments, the roof rock formation includes a basic roof and a direct roof, the basic roof is located above the immediate roof, and the fracturing holes are set in the basic roof.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例的煤矿矿井的结构示意图一；Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the coal mine mine of the embodiment of the present invention;

图2是图1中煤矿矿井的俯视投影图；Fig. 2 is the overhead projection diagram of coal mine mine in Fig. 1;

图3是本发明实施例的煤矿矿井的结构示意图二；Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram II of the coal mine mine of the embodiment of the present invention;

图4是图3中煤矿矿井的俯视投影图。Fig. 4 is a top projection view of the coal mine in Fig. 3 .

附图标记：Reference signs:

1.采煤工作面；11.工作面顺槽；2.顶板岩层；21.基本顶；22.直接顶；3.压裂孔；4.裂隙。1. Coal mining face; 11. Working face along the groove; 2. Roof strata; 21. Basic roof; 22. Direct roof; 3. Fracturing holes; 4. Fractures.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

下面参考附图1-附图4描述根据发明实施例的压裂孔布置方法。The method for arranging fracturing holes according to an embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to accompanyingdrawings 1 to 4 .

如图1-图4所示，本发明实施例的压裂孔布置方法包括采煤工作面1具有至少两个工作面顺槽11，在采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内设置至少两个压裂孔3，且每个工作面顺槽11的上方均设有压裂孔3。As shown in Figures 1-4, the method for arranging fracturing holes according to the embodiment of the present invention includes that thecoal mining face 1 has at least two working face alonggrooves 11, and before or during the mining of thecoal mining face 1, the top plate At least twofracturing holes 3 are arranged in therock formation 2 , and each working surface is provided with afracturing hole 3 above thegroove 11 .

如图1和图2所示，煤矿矿井包括顶板岩层和煤层，且顶板岩层位于煤层的上方，采煤工作面1位于煤层上，且采煤工作面1的左端具有一个工作面顺槽11，采煤工作面1的右端具有另一个工作面顺槽11，在采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内钻设两个压裂孔3，其中一个压裂孔3位于左端的工作面顺槽11的上方，其中另一个压裂孔3位于右端的工作面顺槽11的上方。优选的，在采煤工作面1开采之前钻设压裂孔3。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the coal mine includes a roof rock layer and a coal seam, and the roof rock layer is located above the coal seam, thecoal mining face 1 is located on the coal seam, and the left end of thecoal mining face 1 has a working face along thegroove 11, The right end of thecoal mining face 1 has another working face along thegroove 11. Before or during the mining of thecoal mining face 1, twofracturing holes 3 are drilled in theroof rock layer 2, and one of thefracturing holes 3 is located at The working surface at the left end is above thegroove 11, and theother fracturing hole 3 is located above thegroove 11 on the working surface at the right end. Preferably, thefracturing holes 3 are drilled before thecoal mining face 1 is mined.

在采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，通过压裂孔3向顶板岩层2施加压力，并使压裂孔3周围的围岩产生裂隙4以形成压裂充分区域。当采煤工作面1为短壁工作面时，两个压裂孔3产生的压裂充分区域相连。当采煤工作面1为长壁工作面时，两个压裂孔3产生的压裂充分区域间隔，且两个压裂充分区域之间为不具有裂隙4的压裂盲区或者为裂隙4不足的压裂不充分区域，压裂盲区和压裂不充分区域位于长壁工作面的中部上方。在巷道掘进及工作面回采期间，压裂盲区和压裂不充分区域的下方具有较高的应力，压裂充分区域的下方具有较低的应力，因此压裂充分区域下方的工作面顺槽11能够受到保护。Before or during the mining of thecoal mining face 1, pressure is applied to theroof stratum 2 through thefracturing hole 3, and cracks 4 are formed in the surrounding rock around thefracturing hole 3 to form a sufficient fracturing area. When thecoal mining face 1 is a short-walled face, the sufficiently fractured areas generated by the twofracturing holes 3 are connected. When thecoal mining face 1 is a longwall face, the sufficient fracturing areas generated by the twofracturing holes 3 are spaced apart, and there is a fracturing blind area without cracks 4 or insufficient cracks 4 between the two fracturing sufficient areas The insufficient fracturing area, the fracturing blind area and the insufficient fracturing area are located above the middle of the longwall working face. During roadway excavation and working face recovery, there is higher stress below the fracturing blind area and insufficient fracturing area, and lower stress under the fully fracturing area, so the working face below the fully fracturing area follows thegroove 11 able to be protected.

本发明实施例的压裂孔布置方法在采煤工作面的每个工作面顺槽的上方均设有压裂孔，使工作面顺槽上方的围岩被充分压裂以形成“人造解放层”，在巷道掘进及工作面回采期间，工作面顺槽处于“人造解放层”的覆盖区域，换言之，工作面顺槽处于压裂充分区域的下方，以通过压裂孔对工作面顺槽形成保护作用，使工作面顺槽处于低应力区，避免工作面顺槽因受到较大的应力而诱发冲击地压。According to the fracturing hole arrangement method of the embodiment of the present invention, a fracturing hole is provided above each working face trough in the coal mining face, so that the surrounding rock above the working face trough is fully fractured to form an "artificial liberation layer" ", during roadway excavation and working face mining, the working face along the trough is in the coverage area of the "man-made liberated layer", in other words, the working face along the trough is below the fully fractured area, so that the working face along the trough is formed through the fracturing holes. The protective function keeps the working face in the low stress area along the trough, and avoids the rock burst induced by the large stress on the working face along the trough.

在一些实施例中，采煤工作面1为多个，多个采煤工作面1沿第一方向(如图3所示的左右方向)依次布置，沿第一方向，第一个采煤工作面1的每个工作面顺槽11的正上方均设有压裂孔3，其余采煤工作面1的至少两个工作面顺槽11中，除最靠近前一个采煤工作面1的工作面顺槽11以外，其余工作面顺槽11的正上方设有压裂孔3。In some embodiments, there are multiple coal mining working faces 1, and the multiple coal mining workingfaces 1 are arranged sequentially along the first direction (the left and right directions as shown in Figure 3). Along the first direction, the first coal mining working face Afracturing hole 3 is provided directly above each workingface trough 11 on theface 1, and in at least two workingface troughs 11 of the remainingcoal mining face 1, except the workingface 1 closest to the previouscoal mining face 1 Except for thetrough 11 along the face, fracturingholes 3 are arranged directly above thetrough 11 on the rest of the working faces.

如图3和图4所示，采煤工作面1沿左右方向布置为两个，两个采煤工作面1之间为煤柱，煤柱在左右方向上的尺寸为2.5m-3.5m，优选为3m。沿由左至右的方向，第一个采煤工作面1的两个工作面顺槽11的正上方均设有压裂孔3，其中第一个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11的正上方为第一个压裂孔3，第一个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11的正上方为第二个压裂孔3，由于第二个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11与第一个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11之间仅有煤柱，距离较近，因此，第二个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11仍处于第一个采煤工作面1的顶板区域压裂“人造解放层”的卸压范围内，换言之，第二个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11处于第二个压裂孔3形成的压裂充分区域的下方，因此无需在第二个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11的正上方设置压裂孔3，仅需在第二个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11的正上方设置第三个压裂孔3，第二个采煤工作面1的左端工作面顺槽11与第一个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11共用第二个压裂孔3，此时第一个采煤工作面1的两个工作面顺槽11和第二个采煤工作面1的两个工作面顺槽11均处于压裂孔3的保护作用下。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, thecoal mining face 1 is arranged in two along the left and right direction, and there is a coal pillar between the twocoal mining face 1, and the size of the coal pillar in the left and right direction is 2.5m-3.5m. Preferably it is 3m. Along the direction from left to right, there are fracturingholes 3 directly above the two workingface grooves 11 of the firstcoal mining face 1, wherein the left end working face of the firstcoal mining face 1 is along the groove Thefirst fracturing hole 3 is directly above 11, and thesecond fracturing hole 3 is directly above the right end workingface trough 11 of the firstcoal mining face 1. There are only coal pillars between thechute 11 of the left end working face and thechute 11 of the right end working face of the firstcoal mining face 1, and the distance is relatively short. Therefore, thechute 11 of the leftend working face 1 of the secondcoal mining face 1 It is still within the pressure relief range of the fracturing "artificial release layer" in the roof area of the firstcoal mining face 1, in other words, the left end working face of the secondcoal mining face 1 is in the second fracturing hole along thegroove 11 3 formed below the sufficient fracturing area, so there is no need to set fracturingholes 3 directly above the runninggroove 11 at the left end of the secondcoal mining face 1, and only need to be located at the right end of the secondcoal mining face 1 Thethird fracturing hole 3 is set directly above thetrough 11 of the working face, and thetrough 11 of the left end of the secondcoal mining face 1 shares thesame trough 11 of the right end of the firstcoal mining face 1. Twofracturing holes 3, at this time, the two workingface troughs 11 of the firstcoal mining face 1 and the two workingface troughs 11 of the secondcoal mining face 1 are protected by thefracturing holes 3 under the action.

可以理解的是，采煤工作面的数量不限于两个，在另一些实施例中，采煤工作面的数量为两个以上。It can be understood that the number of coal mining faces is not limited to two, and in other embodiments, the number of coal mining faces is more than two.

可以理解的是，压裂孔的设置位置不限于图3所示，在另一些实施例中，每个采煤工作面的全部工作面顺槽的正上方均设有压裂孔，换言之，第二个采煤工作面的右端工作面顺槽的正上方也设有压裂孔。It can be understood that the location of the fracturing holes is not limited to that shown in Figure 3, and in some other embodiments, fracturing holes are provided directly above the grooves of all the working faces of each coal mining face, in other words, the first There are also fracturing holes directly above the right-hand side grooves of the right-hand working faces of the two coal mining faces.

在一些实施例中，在第一个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内设置至少两个压裂孔3，并与第一个采煤工作面1的至少两个工作面顺槽11一一对应设置；在前一个采煤工作面1开采之后，且在下一个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内设置位于下一个采煤工作面1的其余工作面顺槽11的正上方的压裂孔3。In some embodiments, before or during the mining of the firstcoal mining face 1, at least two fracturingholes 3 are set in theroof rock layer 2, and at least two of the firstcoal mining face 1 are connected. The working face is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with thegrooves 11; after the mining of the previouscoal mining face 1, and before or during the mining of the nextcoal mining face 1, theroof rock layer 2 is set in the nextcoal mining face 1. The rest of the working face is along the fracturinghole 3 directly above thegroove 11.

如图3所示，两个采煤工作面1沿由左至右的方向依次开采，在第一个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内钻设第一个压裂孔3和第二个压裂孔3，第一个采煤工作面1掘进及回采结束后，且在第二个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内钻设第三个压裂孔3。当采煤工作面1的数量为两个以上时，在第二个采煤工作面1掘进及回采结束后，且在第三个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内钻设第四个压裂孔3，第四个压裂孔3位于第三个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11的正上方，直至位于最后一个采煤工作面1的右端工作面顺槽11的正上方的压裂孔3钻设结束。As shown in Figure 3, the two coal mining faces 1 are mined sequentially along the direction from left to right. Thefracture hole 3 and thesecond fracturing hole 3 are drilled in theroof rock layer 2 after the excavation and mining of the firstcoal mining face 1 and before or during the mining of the secondcoal mining face 1 The third frac hole3. When the number ofcoal mining face 1 is more than two, after the excavation and mining of the secondcoal mining face 1 is completed, and before or during the mining of the thirdcoal mining face 1, theroof rock layer 2 Thefourth fracturing hole 3 is drilled inside, and thefourth fracturing hole 3 is located directly above the rightend working face 11 of the thirdcoal mining face 1 until it is located at the right end of the lastcoal mining face 1. Drilling of thefracturing hole 3 just above the face-downgroove 11 is completed.

可以理解的是，从第二个采煤工作面开始，与采煤工作面对应的压裂孔的钻设时间不限于位于前一个采煤工作面开采之后，且在下一个采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在另一些实施例中，在第一个采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中将全部压裂孔钻设完成。It can be understood that, starting from the second coal mining face, the drilling time of the fracturing holes corresponding to the coal mining face is not limited to be located after the mining of the previous coal mining face, and to be mined at the next coal mining face. Before or during mining, in other embodiments, all fracturing holes are drilled before or during mining at the first coal face.

在一些实施例中，在采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在地面设置至少两个地面水平井，至少两个压裂孔3与至少两个地面水平井一一对应连通。In some embodiments, before or during the mining of thecoal mining face 1, at least two surface horizontal wells are set on the ground, and at least two fracturingholes 3 communicate with the at least two surface horizontal wells in one-to-one correspondence.

具体地，在第一个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在钻设第一个压裂孔3和第二个压裂孔3的同时，在地面设置两个地面水平井，且将两个地面水平井与第一个压裂孔3和第二个压裂孔3一一对应连通，在第一个采煤工作面1掘进及回采结束后，且在第二个采煤工作面1开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层2内钻设第三个压裂孔3的同时，在地面设置第三个地面水平井，且将第三个地面水平井与第三个压裂孔3连通，以通过地面水平井向对应的压裂孔内供入具有压力的介质，从而使压力的介质向顶板岩层2施加压力，并使压裂孔3周围的围岩产生裂隙4以形成压裂充分区域。Specifically, before or during the mining of the firstcoal mining face 1, while thefirst fracturing hole 3 and thesecond fracturing hole 3 are drilled, two surface horizontal wells are set on the ground, and Connect the two surface horizontal wells with thefirst fracturing hole 3 and thesecond fracturing hole 3 in one-to-one correspondence. Before or during the mining offace 1, while thethird fracturing hole 3 is drilled in theroof rock layer 2, a third surface horizontal well is set on the ground, and the third surface horizontal well is connected with the third fracturing hole. Theholes 3 are connected to supply the medium with pressure to the corresponding fracturing hole through the horizontal well on the ground, so that the pressure medium exerts pressure on theroof rock layer 2, and the surrounding rock around thefracturing hole 3 generates cracks 4 to form Fully fractured areas.

优选的，在采煤工作面1开采之前，在地面设置地面水平井，并在顶板岩层2内设置压裂孔3。Preferably, before thecoal mining face 1 is mined, a ground horizontal well is set on the ground, and afracturing hole 3 is set in theroof rock layer 2 .

可以理解的是，从第二个采煤工作面开始，与采煤工作面对应的地面水平井的钻设时间不限于位于前一个采煤工作面开采之后，且在下一个采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中，在另一些实施例中，在第一个采煤工作面开采之前或开采过程中将全部地面水平井设置完成。It can be understood that, starting from the second coal mining face, the drilling time of the surface horizontal well corresponding to the coal mining face is not limited to be located after the mining of the previous coal mining face, and the drilling time of the next coal mining face Before or during mining, in other embodiments, all surface horizontal wells are set up before or during mining at the first coal face.

在一些实施例中，压裂孔3为水力压裂孔。换言之，通过地面水平井向对应的压裂孔内供入的具有压力的介质为液体。In some embodiments, the fracture holes 3 are hydraulic fracture holes. In other words, the pressurized medium supplied to the corresponding fracturing hole through the surface horizontal well is liquid.

可以理解的是，供入压裂孔的介质不限于为液体，在另一些实施例中，供入压裂孔的介质为具有压力的气体。It can be understood that the medium supplied to the fracturing hole is not limited to liquid, and in other embodiments, the medium supplied to the fracturing hole is gas under pressure.

在一些实施例中，压裂孔3的延伸方向与对应的工作面顺槽11的延伸方向相同。In some embodiments, the extension direction of thefracturing hole 3 is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding working surface along thegroove 11 .

如图2和图3所示，工作面顺槽11和压裂孔3均沿正交于左右方向的方向延伸，压裂孔3在左右方向上的尺寸小于工作面顺槽11在左右方向上的尺寸。As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the working surface along thegroove 11 and thefracturing hole 3 both extend in the direction perpendicular to the left and right direction, and the size of thefracturing hole 3 in the left and right direction is smaller than that of the working surface along thegroove 11 in the left and right direction size of.

在一些实施例中，顶板岩层2包括基本顶21和直接顶22，基本顶21位于直接顶22的上方，压裂孔3设在基本顶21内。In some embodiments, theroof rock layer 2 includes abasic roof 21 and a direct roof 22 , thebasic roof 21 is located above the immediate roof 22 , and the fracturing holes 3 are set in thebasic roof 21 .

如图1和图3所示，顶板岩层2包括基本顶21和直接顶22，直接顶22位于煤层的上方，基本顶21位于直接顶22的上方，压裂孔3设在基本顶21内，优选的，在竖直方向上，压裂孔3位于基本顶21的中部。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, theroof rock layer 2 includes abasic roof 21 and a direct roof 22, the immediate roof 22 is located above the coal seam, thebasic roof 21 is located above the immediate roof 22, and the fracturing holes 3 are located in thebasic roof 21. Preferably, in the vertical direction, the fracturinghole 3 is located substantially in the middle of theroof 21 .

在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" etc. indicate an orientation or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the invention.

此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

在本发明中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。As used herein, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" mean specific features, structures, materials, or features described in connection with the embodiment or example. A feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

尽管已经示出和描述了上述实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域普通技术人员对上述实施例进行的变化、修改、替换和变型均在本发明的保护范围内。Although the above-mentioned embodiments have been shown and described, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made by those skilled in the art to the above-mentioned embodiments All within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，包括：1. A fracturing hole layout method, characterized in that, comprising:采煤工作面(1)具有至少两个工作面顺槽(11)，在所述采煤工作面(1)开采之前或开采过程中，在顶板岩层(2)内设置至少两个压裂孔(3)，且每个所述工作面顺槽(11)的上方均设有所述压裂孔(3)。The coal mining face (1) has at least two working face troughs (11), and at least two fracturing holes are set in the roof rock layer (2) before or during the mining of the coal mining face (1) (3), and the fracturing holes (3) are provided above each of the working surface along the groove (11).2.根据权利要求1所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，所述采煤工作面(1)为多个，多个所述采煤工作面(1)沿第一方向依次布置，沿所述第一方向，第一个所述采煤工作面(1)的每个所述工作面顺槽(11)的正上方均设有所述压裂孔(3)，其余所述采煤工作面(1)的至少两个所述工作面顺槽(11)中，除最靠近前一个所述采煤工作面(1)的所述工作面顺槽(11)以外，其余所述工作面顺槽(11)的正上方设有所述压裂孔(3)。2. The fracturing hole layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple coal mining faces (1), and a plurality of coal mining faces (1) are arranged sequentially along the first direction, Along the first direction, the fracturing holes (3) are provided directly above each of the working face grooves (11) of the first coal mining working face (1), and the remaining mining face Among the at least two working face troughs (11) of the coal working face (1), except for the working face chute (11) closest to the previous coal mining face (1), the rest of the The fracturing hole (3) is provided directly above the trough (11) on the working face.3.根据权利要求2所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，在第一个所述采煤工作面(1)开采之前或开采过程中，在所述顶板岩层(2)内设置至少两个所述压裂孔(3)，并与第一个所述采煤工作面(1)的至少两个所述工作面顺槽(11)一一对应设置；3. The fracturing hole arrangement method according to claim 2, characterized in that, before or during the mining of the first coal mining face (1), at least The two fracturing holes (3) are set in one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the working face grooves (11) of the first coal mining face (1);在前一个所述采煤工作面(1)开采之后，且在下一个所述采煤工作面(1)开采之前或开采过程中，在所述顶板岩层(2)内设置位于下一个所述采煤工作面(1)的所述其余所述工作面顺槽(11)的正上方的所述压裂孔(3)。After the mining of the previous coal mining face (1) and before or during the mining of the next coal mining face (1), the roof stratum (2) is set to be located in the next coal mining face (1). The fracturing holes (3) directly above the remaining working faces of the coal working face (1) along the groove (11).4.根据权利要求1所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，在所述采煤工作面(1)开采之前或开采过程中，在地面设置至少两个地面水平井，至少两个所述压裂孔(3)与至少两个地面水平井一一对应连通。4. The fracturing hole arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, before or during the mining of the coal mining face (1), at least two surface horizontal wells are set on the ground, and at least two The fracturing holes (3) communicate with at least two surface horizontal wells in one-to-one correspondence.5.根据权利要求4所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，在所述采煤工作面(1)开采之前，在地面设置所述地面水平井，并在所述顶板岩层(2)内设置所述压裂孔(3)。5. The fracturing hole layout method according to claim 4, characterized in that, before the coal mining face (1) is mined, the surface horizontal well is set on the ground, and the top plate rock formation (2) The fracturing holes (3) are arranged inside.6.根据权利要求1所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，所述压裂孔(3)为水力压裂孔。6. The method for arranging fracturing holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fracturing holes (3) are hydraulic fracturing holes.7.根据权利要求1所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，所述压裂孔(3)的延伸方向与对应的所述工作面顺槽(11)的延伸方向相同。7. The method for arranging fracturing holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, the extension direction of the fracturing holes (3) is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding working surface along the groove (11).8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的压裂孔布置方法，其特征在于，所述顶板岩层(2)包括基本顶(21)和直接顶(22)，所述基本顶(21)位于所述直接顶(22)的上方，所述压裂孔(3)设在所述基本顶(21)内。8. The method for arranging fracturing holes according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, the roof rock formation (2) comprises a basic roof (21) and a direct roof (22), and the basic roof ( 21) Located above the direct roof (22), the fracturing holes (3) are set in the basic roof (21).

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