技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及医疗器械的技术领域，尤其涉及一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵，该假体泵能够设置在人体血管或心脏内，例如可设置在降主动脉血管内。The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart. The prosthetic pump can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart, for example, in a descending aorta.
背景技术Background technique
可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵能够放置在血管(例如降主动脉血管)或者心脏内，为患者在术后提供人体正常需要的血液循环流量，在很大程度上缓和了患者术后肾脏(例如植入降主动脉血管给肾脏供血)或心脏供血不足的情况。A prosthetic pump that can be installed in human blood vessels or the heart can be placed in a blood vessel (such as the descending aorta) or the heart to provide the patient with the normal blood circulation flow required by the human body after surgery, thereby alleviating to a great extent the patient's postoperative kidney (such as implanting the descending aorta to supply blood to the kidneys) or heart insufficient blood supply.
目前可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵存在诸多问题，例如虽然有散热效果，但是散热效果不佳。另外现有的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵大多结构复杂，并且一般转子旋转不稳定，导致容易在血液内振动并形成湍流，而一旦形成湍流，容易破坏血液内的血红细胞。There are many problems with the current prosthetic pumps that can be placed in human blood vessels or hearts. For example, although they have a heat dissipation effect, the heat dissipation effect is not good. In addition, most of the existing prosthetic pumps that can be placed in human blood vessels or hearts have complex structures, and the rotors generally rotate unstably, which makes it easy to vibrate in the blood and form turbulence. Once turbulence is formed, it is easy to damage the red blood cells in the blood.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的缺陷，提供了一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart in view of the defects of the prior art.
为了实现以上目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵，所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart, the prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart comprises:
转子，所述转子包括：圆筒壳体、同轴地设置于所述圆筒壳体内的芯轴，所述圆筒壳体的远端封闭，所述圆筒壳体远端的外环面上设置叶轮；A rotor, the rotor comprising: a cylindrical shell, a core shaft coaxially arranged in the cylindrical shell, the distal end of the cylindrical shell is closed, and an impeller is arranged on the outer annular surface of the distal end of the cylindrical shell;
定子，所述定子位于所述圆筒壳体和所述芯轴之间，且套设于所述芯轴上，所述定子密封所述圆筒壳体的近端；所述定子与所述圆筒壳体之间具有第一轴承，所述定子与所述芯轴之间具有第二轴承，所述第一轴承和所述第二轴承沿所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的轴线方向相互隔开；所述定子与所述圆筒壳体之间具有第一流道，所述定子与所述芯轴之间具有第二流道；A stator, the stator is located between the cylindrical shell and the core shaft, and is sleeved on the core shaft, the stator seals the proximal end of the cylindrical shell; a first bearing is provided between the stator and the cylindrical shell, a second bearing is provided between the stator and the core shaft, the first bearing and the second bearing are spaced apart from each other along the axis direction of the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart; a first flow channel is provided between the stator and the cylindrical shell, and a second flow channel is provided between the stator and the core shaft;
注液管，所述注液管与所述第一流道和所述第二流道中的任意一个连通；以及A liquid injection pipe, the liquid injection pipe is connected to any one of the first flow channel and the second flow channel; and
回流管，所述回流管与所述第一流道和所述第二流道中另一个连通；a return pipe, the return pipe being in communication with the other of the first flow channel and the second flow channel;
其中，所述转子上具有磁体，所述定子上具有线圈，所述线圈与所述磁体之间可操作地产生磁吸力，推动所述转子旋转；Wherein, the rotor has a magnet, the stator has a coil, and the coil and the magnet can operably generate magnetic attraction to drive the rotor to rotate;
所述线圈和所述磁体相对所述第一流道和\或所述第二流道设置。The coil and the magnet are arranged relative to the first flow channel and/or the second flow channel.
本申请实施例相对于现有技术而言，由于可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括：转子和定子，并且转子包括圆筒壳体和芯轴，定子插在圆筒壳体和芯轴之间，同时，圆筒壳体与定子之间具有第一轴承，定子与芯轴之间具有第二轴承，第一轴承和第二轴承沿可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的轴线方向相互隔开。这就使转子在旋转过程中与定子之间具有内外两个支撑点，因此转子将旋转得非常稳定。Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages: the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart includes: a rotor and a stator, and the rotor includes a cylindrical shell and a core shaft, the stator is inserted between the cylindrical shell and the core shaft, and at the same time, there is a first bearing between the cylindrical shell and the stator, and there is a second bearing between the stator and the core shaft, and the first bearing and the second bearing are separated from each other along the axis direction of the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart. This makes the rotor have two inner and outer support points between the rotor and the stator during the rotation process, so the rotor will rotate very stably.
而且转子上直接设置磁铁，线圈直接设置在定子上，磁铁与线圈之间产生磁吸，驱动转子旋转。在此过程中，转子本身就是旋转轴，中间无需加旋转轴进行过渡，避免加入中间过渡旋转轴后，对旋转稳定性产生影响。Moreover, magnets are directly set on the rotor, and coils are directly set on the stator. Magnetic attraction is generated between the magnets and the coils to drive the rotor to rotate. In this process, the rotor itself is the rotating axis, and there is no need to add a rotating axis in the middle for transition, so as to avoid affecting the rotation stability after adding an intermediate transition rotating axis.
综上，采用上述结构后，能够使转子的旋转更加稳定，避免可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵在血液内产生较为激烈的振荡，进而避免血液内形成湍流而破坏血红细胞。In summary, the above structure can make the rotation of the rotor more stable, preventing the prosthetic pump that can be installed in the human blood vessels or heart from generating more intense oscillations in the blood, thereby preventing turbulence from forming in the blood and damaging red blood cells.
另外，采用上述结构后，在定子和转子之间还会形成第一流道和第二流道，线圈和磁体均相对第一流道和\或第二流道设置，注液管与第一流道和第二流道中的任意一个连通，而回流管与第一流道和第二流道中的另一个连通，因此注入液能够从第一流道流入第二流道然后通过回流管排出体外，在此过程中，注入液能够高效地将线圈和磁体产生的热量带走，有效地降低可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵对人体的影响。In addition, after adopting the above structure, a first flow channel and a second flow channel will be formed between the stator and the rotor, the coil and the magnet are arranged relative to the first flow channel and/or the second flow channel, the injection tube is connected to any one of the first flow channel and the second flow channel, and the return tube is connected to the other of the first flow channel and the second flow channel. Therefore, the injected liquid can flow from the first flow channel into the second flow channel and then be discharged from the body through the return tube. In this process, the injected liquid can efficiently take away the heat generated by the coil and the magnet, effectively reducing the impact of the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessels or heart on the human body.
另外，由于转子远端封闭，近端也被定子封闭，而定子的大部分、第一轴承和第二轴承均处于转子内部，因此可以避免定子、转子、第一轴承和第二轴承之间的产生的垃圾废物进入血液中。In addition, since the distal end of the rotor is closed and the proximal end is also closed by the stator, and most of the stator, the first bearing and the second bearing are all inside the rotor, it is possible to prevent waste generated between the stator, the rotor, the first bearing and the second bearing from entering the blood.
然而，由于定子和转子之间需要发生旋转，因此转子近端封闭有可能不严实，导致垃圾废物容易进入血液中，但由于本发明还具有第一流道和第二流道，因此注入液还是能够将第一轴承和第二轴承磨损过程中产生的废物垃圾带出体外，避免其污染血液。However, since the stator and the rotor need to rotate, the proximal end of the rotor may not be tightly sealed, causing waste to easily enter the blood. However, since the present invention also has a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the injected liquid can still carry the waste generated during the wear of the first bearing and the second bearing out of the body to prevent it from contaminating the blood.
综上所述，由于本发明实施例中的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵仅仅只采用了空心的转子和定子，在保证转子稳定旋转的前提下，还能够在转子和定子之间形成两条回路，使得本申请实施例中的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵采用最为简单的结构就达到了预期的理想效果。To summarize, since the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart in the embodiment of the present invention only uses a hollow rotor and a stator, two circuits can be formed between the rotor and the stator while ensuring the stable rotation of the rotor, the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the expected ideal effect with the simplest structure.
在另一实施例中，所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵还包括外壳，所述外壳套设于所述转子外，所述外壳远端开放，所述外壳近端密封；In another embodiment, the prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart further comprises a housing, wherein the housing is sleeved outside the rotor, the housing has an open distal end, and a sealed proximal end;
所述外壳与所述转子相互隔开在所述外壳与所述转子间具有第三流道，所述注液管与所述第三流道连通。The housing and the rotor are separated from each other, a third flow channel is provided between the housing and the rotor, and the injection pipe is communicated with the third flow channel.
由于外壳与转子之间还具有第三流道，同时注液管与第三流道连通。因此通过第三流道往血液内注入液体，该第三流道内液体流动的方向与血液流动的方向相反，因此可以避免血液进入可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵内。Since there is a third flow channel between the housing and the rotor, and the injection tube is connected to the third flow channel, liquid is injected into the blood through the third flow channel, and the direction of liquid flow in the third flow channel is opposite to the direction of blood flow, thereby preventing blood from entering the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart.
在另一实施例中，所述外壳的远端具有多个镂空部，各所述镂空部与所述叶轮相对，各所述镂空部处为所述第三流道的出口处；In another embodiment, the distal end of the housing has a plurality of hollow portions, each of the hollow portions is opposite to the impeller, and each of the hollow portions is an outlet of the third flow channel;
所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵还包括输送管，所述输送管固定于所述外壳的远端。The prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart also includes a delivery tube, which is fixed to the distal end of the shell.
在另一实施例中，所述第一流道和所述第三流道的近端连通形成注液腔，所述注液管与所述注液腔连通。In another embodiment, the proximal ends of the first flow channel and the third flow channel are connected to form a liquid injection cavity, and the liquid injection tube is connected to the liquid injection cavity.
在另一实施例中，所述第一轴承位于所述定子的远端处，所述第二轴承位于所述定子的近端处。In another embodiment, the first bearing is located at a distal end of the stator and the second bearing is located at a proximal end of the stator.
在另一实施例中，所述定子包括：In another embodiment, the stator comprises:
定子本体，所述定子本体位于所述圆筒壳体和所述芯轴之间；A stator body, the stator body being located between the cylindrical shell and the core shaft;
挡板，所述挡板固定于所述定子本体的近端，且所述挡板密封所述外壳和圆筒壳体的近端；a baffle, the baffle being fixed to the proximal end of the stator body and the baffle sealing the proximal ends of the outer shell and the cylindrical shell;
其中，所述挡板上具有灌注孔，所述灌注孔与所述注液腔连通，且所述注液管与所述灌注孔连通。Wherein, the baffle is provided with a perfusion hole, the perfusion hole is communicated with the liquid injection cavity, and the liquid injection tube is communicated with the perfusion hole.
在另一实施例中，所述转子还包括隔板，所述隔板位于所述圆筒壳体内；所述隔板沿所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的轴线方向，将所述圆筒壳体与所述芯轴之间的空间分隔成第一空腔和第二空腔，所述第一空腔位于所述第二空腔远端；所述转子位于所述第二空腔内；In another embodiment, the rotor further comprises a partition, which is located in the cylindrical shell; the partition separates the space between the cylindrical shell and the core shaft into a first cavity and a second cavity along the axial direction of the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart, and the first cavity is located at the distal end of the second cavity; the rotor is located in the second cavity;
所述芯轴为空心轴，所述芯轴的近端与所述注液管连通，所述芯轴上具有与所述第一空腔连通的第一出液口，所述圆筒壳体上具有与所述第一空腔连通的第二出液口，所述第二出液口位于所述叶轮处。The core shaft is a hollow shaft, the proximal end of the core shaft is connected to the injection tube, the core shaft has a first liquid outlet connected to the first cavity, the cylindrical shell has a second liquid outlet connected to the first cavity, and the second liquid outlet is located at the impeller.
由于芯轴为空心轴，因此芯轴内注入注入液后，能够将磁体和线圈产生的热量扩散走。同时注入液还可以是肝素溶液，当肝素溶液到达叶轮处时不产生溶血同时起到减小破坏的作用。Since the mandrel is a hollow shaft, the heat generated by the magnet and the coil can be diffused away after the injection liquid is injected into the mandrel. At the same time, the injection liquid can also be a heparin solution, which does not cause hemolysis when it reaches the impeller and plays a role in reducing damage.
在另一实施例中，所述定子的近端具有限位筒，所述限位筒与所述芯轴连通；In another embodiment, the proximal end of the stator has a limiting cylinder, and the limiting cylinder is connected to the core shaft;
所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括法兰，所述法兰固定于所述限位筒内，且所述法兰分别与所述注液管和所述芯轴连通；The prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart comprises a flange, the flange is fixed in the limiting cylinder, and the flange is communicated with the injection tube and the core shaft respectively;
和\或，所述第一出液口和所述第二出液口相对设置，且所述第二出液口位于所述第一出液口的远侧。And\or, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are arranged opposite to each other, and the second liquid outlet is located at the far side of the first liquid outlet.
在另一实施例中，所述定子的近端具有限位筒，所述限位筒与所述芯轴连通；In another embodiment, the proximal end of the stator has a limiting cylinder, and the limiting cylinder is connected to the core shaft;
所述可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括法兰，所述法兰固定于所述限位筒内，且所述法兰分别将所述注液管和所述芯轴连通，所述法兰还分别将所述第二流道和所述回流管连通；The prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart includes a flange, which is fixed in the limiting cylinder, and the flange connects the injection tube and the core shaft respectively, and the flange also connects the second flow channel and the return pipe respectively;
所述法兰内部中空，所述法兰的环形结构周边上开设数个孔道，各所述孔道与所述回流管连通，所述回流管可套设在所述注液管外。The flange is hollow inside, and a plurality of holes are provided on the periphery of the annular structure of the flange. Each of the holes is connected to the reflux pipe, and the reflux pipe can be sleeved outside the injection pipe.
在另一实施例中，所述圆筒壳体的远端为圆锥形筒体，所述叶轮固定于所述圆锥形筒体的外环面上；In another embodiment, the distal end of the cylindrical shell is a conical cylinder, and the impeller is fixed on the outer annular surface of the conical cylinder;
所述叶轮包括多个叶片，各所述叶片与所述圆筒壳体一体成型，各叶片为锥形结构，各所述叶片从远端至近端的横截面的面积逐渐增大；The impeller comprises a plurality of blades, each of which is integrally formed with the cylindrical shell, each of which is a conical structure, and the cross-sectional area of each of which gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end;
和\或，所述注液管内所注液体为肝素溶液。And\or, the liquid injected into the injection tube is a heparin solution.
由于圆筒壳体的远端为圆锥形筒体，同时各叶片也是锥形结构，采用此结构后，当叶片被转子带动旋转时，能够在可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵周边形成层流，使得血液的流动更加平缓，避免血液内的血红细胞被打碎。Since the distal end of the cylindrical shell is a conical cylinder and each blade is also a conical structure, after adopting this structure, when the blades are driven to rotate by the rotor, laminar flow can be formed around the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessels or heart, making the blood flow smoother and avoiding the red blood cells in the blood from being broken.
在另一实施例中，所述注液管包括：In another embodiment, the injection tube comprises:
主管道；Main pipeline;
第一支管，所述第一支管与所述第一流道连通，所述第一支管与所述主管道连通；a first branch pipe, the first branch pipe being in communication with the first flow channel, and the first branch pipe being in communication with the main pipe;
第二支管，所述第二支管分别与所述主管道和所述芯轴内的轴内通道连通。The second branch pipe is communicated with the main pipe and the inner shaft channel in the core shaft respectively.
在另一实施例中，所述输送管设有折弯部，折弯部的弯曲角度为150°～170°；所述输送管远端开设有血流流入口，血流流入口远端设有配重块；所述配重块的重量为0.5g～1g；In another embodiment, the delivery tube is provided with a bending portion, the bending angle of the bending portion is 150° to 170°; a blood flow inlet is opened at the distal end of the delivery tube, and a counterweight is provided at the distal end of the blood flow inlet; the weight of the counterweight is 0.5g to 1g;
所述输送管上还设有显影环。The conveying pipe is also provided with a developing ring.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是实施例一提供的一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵结构图；FIG1 is a structural diagram of a prosthetic pump provided in a human blood vessel or heart according to Embodiment 1;
图2是实施例一提供的转子、定子、外壳连接示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotor, stator, and housing provided in Example 1;
图3是实施例一提供的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵剖视图；FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of a prosthetic pump provided in the first embodiment that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart;
图4是实施例一提供的转子、定子连接示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotor and the stator provided in Embodiment 1;
图5是实施例一提供的转子结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure provided in Embodiment 1;
图6是实施例一提供的转子剖视图；FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor provided in Embodiment 1;
图7是实施例一提供的定子结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure provided in Embodiment 1;
图8是实施例一提供的定子剖视图；FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of a stator provided in Embodiment 1;
图9是实施例一提供的外壳结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the housing structure provided in Example 1;
图10是实施例一提供的法兰结构示意图；FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the flange structure provided in Example 1;
图11是实施例一提供的输送管结构示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the delivery pipe provided in the first embodiment.
其中，1、输送管；11、血流流入口；12、血流流出口；13、显影环；14、配重块；2、泵体；21、转子；211、圆锥形筒体；2111、第二出液口；212、圆筒壳体；213、芯轴；2131、第一出液口；214、第一空腔；215、第二空腔；216、轴内通道；217、叶轮；218、磁体；219、隔板；22、定子；221、定子本体；222、挡板；223、限位筒；224、线圈；225、灌注孔；23、外壳；231、柱形筒体；232、网状结构；24、法兰；241、孔道；25、注液腔；3、主管道；31、第一支管；32、第二支管；4、轴承；41、第一轴承；42、第二轴承；5、第三流道；6、第一流道；7、第二流道。Among them, 1, delivery tube; 11, blood flow inlet; 12, blood flow outlet; 13, developing ring; 14, counterweight; 2, pump body; 21, rotor; 211, conical cylinder; 2111, second liquid outlet; 212, cylinder shell; 213, core shaft; 2131, first liquid outlet; 214, first cavity; 215, second cavity; 216, shaft inner channel; 217, impeller; 218, magnet; 219, partition; 22 , stator; 221, stator body; 222, baffle; 223, limit cylinder; 224, coil; 225, injection hole; 23, shell; 231, cylindrical cylinder; 232, mesh structure; 24, flange; 241, channel; 25, injection cavity; 3, main pipeline; 31, first branch pipe; 32, second branch pipe; 4, bearing; 41, first bearing; 42, second bearing; 5, third flow channel; 6, first flow channel; 7, second flow channel.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的缺陷，提供一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart in view of the defects of the prior art.
本实施例提供一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵，如图1-图3，可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括：转子21、定子22、注液管(注液管可包括主管道3、第一支管31和第二支管32)和回流管(回流管在图中未示出)，其中，转子21采用钴铬合金制成，当然也可以采用其它医用合金制成。转子21包括内部中空的圆筒壳体212和内部中空的芯轴213，芯轴213同轴地设置在圆筒壳体212内，圆筒壳体212的远端封闭，并且圆筒壳体212远端的外环面上还设置有叶轮217，通过转动叶轮217从而将带动血液流动，叶轮217与圆筒壳体212形成的轮毂最大直径为φ5mm。优选的，圆筒壳体212的远端为圆锥形筒体211，叶轮217固定在圆锥形筒体211的外环面上。This embodiment provides a prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the prosthetic pump that can be arranged in a human blood vessel or heart includes: a rotor 21, a stator 22, an injection tube (the injection tube may include a main pipeline 3, a first branch tube 31 and a second branch tube 32) and a return tube (the return tube is not shown in the figure), wherein the rotor 21 is made of cobalt-chromium alloy, and of course, it can also be made of other medical alloys. The rotor 21 includes an internally hollow cylindrical shell 212 and an internally hollow mandrel 213, the mandrel 213 is coaxially arranged in the cylindrical shell 212, the distal end of the cylindrical shell 212 is closed, and an impeller 217 is also arranged on the outer ring surface of the distal end of the cylindrical shell 212, and the blood flow is driven by rotating the impeller 217, and the maximum diameter of the hub formed by the impeller 217 and the cylindrical shell 212 is φ5mm. Preferably, the distal end of the cylindrical shell 212 is a conical cylinder 211, and the impeller 217 is fixed on the outer ring surface of the conical cylinder 211.
定子22套设于圆筒壳体212和芯轴213之间，且定子22与圆筒壳体212通过直径为4mm的第一轴承41连接；定子22与芯轴213通过直径为2mm的第二轴承42连接；第一轴承41和第二轴承42沿可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的轴线方向相互隔开。The stator 22 is sleeved between the cylindrical shell 212 and the core shaft 213, and the stator 22 and the cylindrical shell 212 are connected by a first bearing 41 with a diameter of 4 mm; the stator 22 and the core shaft 213 are connected by a second bearing 42 with a diameter of 2 mm; the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 are separated from each other along the axial direction of the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart.
采用上述结构后，在定子22和转子21之间还会自然而然形成第一流道6和第二流道7，第一流道6位于定子22和圆筒壳体212之间，而第二流道7位于定子22和芯轴213之间，注液管与第一流道6连通，而回流管与第二流道7连通，因此注入液能够从第一流道6流入第二流道7然后通过回流管排出体外。当然，在有些实施例中，注液管还可以与第二流道7连通，而回流管与第一流道6连通，这样注入液能够从第二流道7流入第一流道6，再从回流管流出体外。After adopting the above structure, the first flow channel 6 and the second flow channel 7 will naturally be formed between the stator 22 and the rotor 21. The first flow channel 6 is located between the stator 22 and the cylindrical shell 212, and the second flow channel 7 is located between the stator 22 and the core shaft 213. The injection tube is connected to the first flow channel 6, and the return tube is connected to the second flow channel 7, so the injection liquid can flow from the first flow channel 6 into the second flow channel 7 and then be discharged from the body through the return tube. Of course, in some embodiments, the injection tube can also be connected to the second flow channel 7, and the return tube is connected to the first flow channel 6, so that the injection liquid can flow from the second flow channel 7 into the first flow channel 6 and then flow out of the body from the return tube.
另外，如图4-图6，在本实施例中，转子21上具有磁体218，而定子22上具有线圈224，线圈224与磁体218之间可操作地产生磁吸力，推动所述转子21旋转，优选的，线圈224和磁体218均相对第一流道6和\或第二流道7设置，该磁体218可以是磁铁。In addition, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, in this embodiment, the rotor 21 has a magnet 218, and the stator 22 has a coil 224. The coil 224 and the magnet 218 can operably generate a magnetic attraction force to drive the rotor 21 to rotate. Preferably, the coil 224 and the magnet 218 are both arranged relative to the first flow channel 6 and/or the second flow channel 7, and the magnet 218 can be a magnet.
在此过程中，由于线圈224和磁体218均相对第一流道6和\或第二流道7设置，因此注入液进入第一流道6和第二流道7后，能够高效地将线圈224和磁体218产生的热量带走，有效地降低可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵对人体的影响。During this process, since the coil 224 and the magnet 218 are both arranged relative to the first flow channel 6 and/or the second flow channel 7, after the injection liquid enters the first flow channel 6 and the second flow channel 7, it can efficiently take away the heat generated by the coil 224 and the magnet 218, effectively reducing the impact of the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessels or heart on the human body.
申请实施例相对于现有技术而言，如图3，由于可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括：转子21和定子22，并且转子21包括圆筒壳体212和芯轴213，定子22插在圆筒壳体212和芯轴213之间，同时，圆筒壳体212与定子22之间具有第一轴承41，定子22与芯轴213之间具有第二轴承42。优选的，第一轴承41和第二轴承42沿可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的轴线方向相互隔开，即所述第一轴承41位于所述定子22的远段处，所述第二轴承42位于所述定子22的近段处，当然反之也可。这就使转子21在旋转过程中与定子22之间具有内外两个支撑点，因此转子21将旋转得非常稳定。Compared with the prior art, as shown in FIG3 , the embodiment of the application comprises a prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart, including a rotor 21 and a stator 22, and the rotor 21 comprises a cylindrical shell 212 and a core shaft 213, and the stator 22 is inserted between the cylindrical shell 212 and the core shaft 213. At the same time, there is a first bearing 41 between the cylindrical shell 212 and the stator 22, and there is a second bearing 42 between the stator 22 and the core shaft 213. Preferably, the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 are separated from each other along the axis direction of the prosthetic pump that can be set in a human blood vessel or heart, that is, the first bearing 41 is located at the distal end of the stator 22, and the second bearing 42 is located at the proximal end of the stator 22, and vice versa. This allows the rotor 21 to have two inner and outer support points with the stator 22 during the rotation process, so the rotor 21 will rotate very stably.
而且转子21上直接设置磁体218，定子22上设置线圈224，磁体218与线圈224之间产生磁吸，驱动转子21旋转。在此过程中，转子21本身就是旋转轴，中间无需加旋转轴进行过渡，避免加入中间过渡旋转轴后，对旋转稳定性产生影响。Moreover, the magnet 218 is directly disposed on the rotor 21, and the coil 224 is disposed on the stator 22, so that magnetic attraction is generated between the magnet 218 and the coil 224, driving the rotor 21 to rotate. In this process, the rotor 21 itself is the rotating shaft, and there is no need to add a rotating shaft in the middle for transition, so as to avoid affecting the rotation stability after adding the intermediate transition rotating shaft.
综上，采用上述结构后，能够使转子21的旋转更加稳定，避免可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵在血液内产生较为激烈的振荡，进而避免血液内形成湍流而破坏血红细胞。In summary, the above structure can make the rotation of the rotor 21 more stable, thereby preventing the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessels or heart from generating more intense oscillations in the blood, thereby preventing turbulence from forming in the blood and damaging red blood cells.
另外，如图2和图3所示，由于转子21远端封闭，近端也被定子22封闭，而定子22的大部分、第一轴承41和第二轴承42均处于转子21内部，因此可以避免定子22、转子21、第一轴承41和第二轴承42之间的产生的垃圾废物进入血液中。In addition, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, since the distal end of the rotor 21 is closed and the proximal end is also closed by the stator 22, and most of the stator 22, the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 are all located inside the rotor 21, it is possible to prevent waste generated between the stator 22, the rotor 21, the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 from entering the blood.
然而，由于定子22和转子21之间需要发生旋转，因此转子21近端被定子22封闭时有可能封闭得不严实，导致垃圾废物容易进入血液中，但由于本发明还具有第一流道6和第二流道7，因此注入液还是能够将第一轴承41和第二轴承42磨损过程中产生的废物垃圾带出体外，避免其污染血液。However, since the stator 22 and the rotor 21 need to rotate, the proximal end of the rotor 21 may not be tightly closed by the stator 22, causing waste to easily enter the blood. However, since the present invention also has a first flow channel 6 and a second flow channel 7, the injected liquid can still bring the waste generated during the wear of the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 out of the body to prevent it from contaminating the blood.
综上所述，由于本发明实施例中的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵仅仅只采用了空心的转子21和定子22，在保证转子21稳定旋转的前提下，还能够在转子21和定子22之间形成两条回路(两条回路方便将热量带出体外)，使得本申请实施例中的可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵采用最为简单的结构就达到了预期的理想效果。In summary, since the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart in the embodiment of the present invention only uses a hollow rotor 21 and a stator 22, while ensuring the stable rotation of the rotor 21, two loops can be formed between the rotor 21 and the stator 22 (the two loops are convenient for taking heat out of the body), the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart in the embodiment of the present application adopts the simplest structure to achieve the expected ideal effect.
具体的，本实施例中的第一轴承414和第二轴承424均选用陶瓷轴承，陶瓷轴承具有耐高温、耐寒、耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗磁电绝缘、无油自润滑、高转速等特性。此轴承4特性不易产生垃圾，避免污染血液。Specifically, the first bearing 414 and the second bearing 424 in this embodiment are both ceramic bearings, which have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, cold resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-magnetic and electrical insulation, oil-free self-lubrication, high speed, etc. This bearing 4 characteristic is not easy to generate garbage and avoid blood contamination.
如图7-图8，在该实施例中圆筒壳体212的远端为圆锥形筒体211，叶轮217固定于圆锥形筒体211的外环面上。叶轮217包括多个叶片，叶片与圆锥形壳体211一体成型，叶片为锥形结构，各叶片从远端至近端的横截面积逐渐增大。圆柱形筒体211和叶片均用锥形结构后，当叶片被转子21带动旋转时，能够在可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵周边形成层流，使得血液的流动更加平缓，避免血液内的血红细胞被打碎。As shown in Fig. 7-Fig. 8, in this embodiment, the distal end of the cylindrical shell 212 is a conical cylinder 211, and the impeller 217 is fixed on the outer annular surface of the conical cylinder 211. The impeller 217 includes a plurality of blades, which are integrally formed with the conical shell 211. The blades are of a conical structure, and the cross-sectional area of each blade gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end. After the cylindrical cylinder 211 and the blades are both of a conical structure, when the blades are driven to rotate by the rotor 21, a laminar flow can be formed around the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessels or heart, so that the blood flows more smoothly and the red blood cells in the blood are prevented from being broken.
在有些实施例中，如图9，可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵还包括外壳23，外壳23套设于转子21外，该外壳23远端开放且近端密封，外壳23与转子21相互隔开在外壳23和转子21之间形成第三流道5，注液管与第三流道5连通。同时，可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵还包括输送管1，输送管1固定于外壳23的远端。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9 , the prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart further includes a housing 23, which is sleeved outside the rotor 21, the housing 23 is open at the distal end and sealed at the proximal end, the housing 23 and the rotor 21 are separated from each other to form a third flow channel 5 between the housing 23 and the rotor 21, and the injection tube is connected to the third flow channel 5. At the same time, the prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart further includes a delivery tube 1, which is fixed to the distal end of the housing 23.
由于外壳23与转子21之间还具有第三流道5，同时注液管与第三流道5连通。因此通过第三流道5往血液内注入液体，该第三流道5内液体流动的方向与血液流动的方向相反，因此可以避免血液进入可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵内。Since there is a third flow channel 5 between the housing 23 and the rotor 21, and the injection tube is connected to the third flow channel 5, liquid is injected into the blood through the third flow channel 5, and the direction of liquid flow in the third flow channel 5 is opposite to the direction of blood flow, so blood can be prevented from entering the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart.
具体的，外壳23由钴铬合金制成，有更好的生物相容性，且外壳23的直径为φ8mm，可以保证经股动脉进入且创口较小。当然，在其他实施例中，外壳23还可以采用镍钛合金或者不锈钢等制成。Specifically, the shell 23 is made of cobalt-chromium alloy, which has better biocompatibility, and the diameter of the shell 23 is φ8mm, which can ensure access through the femoral artery with a small incision. Of course, in other embodiments, the shell 23 can also be made of nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel.
如图2，外壳23的远端具有多个镂空部，各镂空部与叶轮217相对，各镂空部处为所述第三流道5的出口处。输送管1就固定在镂空部处，因此当叶轮217旋转时，血液能够从输送管1进入，然后从镂空部处溢出，此时血液正好与第三流道5所流出的注入液碰撞在一起，因此可以避免血液进入泵体2内。As shown in FIG2 , the distal end of the housing 23 has a plurality of hollow portions, each of which is opposite to the impeller 217, and each of which is the outlet of the third flow channel 5. The delivery tube 1 is fixed at the hollow portion, so when the impeller 217 rotates, blood can enter from the delivery tube 1 and then overflow from the hollow portion, at which time the blood just collides with the injection liquid flowing out of the third flow channel 5, thereby preventing the blood from entering the pump body 2.
如图2和图9所示，外壳23包括内部中空的柱形筒体231和网状结构232，网状结构232设置于柱形筒体231的远端，网状结构232设置于输送管1的近端血流流出口12的位置。该网状结构232处就是外壳23的镂空部处。As shown in FIG2 and FIG9 , the housing 23 includes a hollow cylindrical body 231 and a mesh structure 232. The mesh structure 232 is disposed at the distal end of the cylindrical body 231 and at the position of the proximal blood flow outlet 12 of the delivery tube 1. The mesh structure 232 is the hollow portion of the housing 23.
另外，如图3和图8，在本实施例中转子21还包括隔板219，隔板219位于圆筒壳体212内，隔板219将转子21内的空间分成第一空腔214和第二空腔215。第一空腔214位于第二空腔215远端，转子21位于第二空腔内215内。In addition, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, in this embodiment, the rotor 21 further includes a partition 219, which is located in the cylindrical shell 212. The partition 219 divides the space in the rotor 21 into a first cavity 214 and a second cavity 215. The first cavity 214 is located at the far end of the second cavity 215, and the rotor 21 is located in the second cavity 215.
中空的芯轴213内具有轴内通道216，该轴内通道216的近端与注液管连通，优选的，芯轴213直径为φ1mm，轴内通道216的直径为φ0.3mm。The hollow core shaft 213 has an inner shaft channel 216, and the proximal end of the inner shaft channel 216 is connected to the injection tube. Preferably, the diameter of the core shaft 213 is φ1 mm, and the diameter of the inner shaft channel 216 is φ0.3 mm.
如图8，芯轴213上开设有第一出液口2131，圆筒壳体212上开设有第二出液口2111，第二出液口2111位于圆锥形筒体211的叶轮处。注入液从注液管进入轴内通道216处，从第一出液口2131进入第一空腔214内，再从第二出液口2111流出泵体2外。As shown in FIG8 , the core shaft 213 is provided with a first liquid outlet 2131, and the cylindrical shell 212 is provided with a second liquid outlet 2111, which is located at the impeller of the conical cylindrical shell 211. The injection liquid enters the shaft channel 216 from the injection pipe, enters the first cavity 214 from the first liquid outlet 2131, and then flows out of the pump body 2 from the second liquid outlet 2111.
优选的，第一出液口2131和第二出液口2111相对设置，并且第二出液口2111位于第一出液口2131的远侧，这样注入液从第一出液口2131喷向第二出液口2111，使得注入液更容易流出泵体2外。Preferably, the first liquid outlet 2131 and the second liquid outlet 2111 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second liquid outlet 2111 is located at the far side of the first liquid outlet 2131, so that the injection liquid is sprayed from the first liquid outlet 2131 to the second liquid outlet 2111, making it easier for the injection liquid to flow out of the pump body 2.
由于芯轴213为空心轴，因此芯轴213内注入注入液后，能够将磁铁和线圈224产生的热量扩散走。同时注入液还可以是肝素溶液，当肝素溶液到达叶轮217处时，叶轮217处不产生溶血。Since the mandrel 213 is a hollow shaft, the heat generated by the magnet and the coil 224 can be diffused away after the injection liquid is injected into the mandrel 213. At the same time, the injection liquid can also be a heparin solution. When the heparin solution reaches the impeller 217, no hemolysis occurs at the impeller 217.
优选的，如图3所示，第一流道6和第三流道5近端连通并形成注液腔25，注液管与注液腔25连通。如图3-图6，定子22包括：定子本体221和挡板222，定子本体221位于圆筒壳体212和芯轴213之间，挡板222固定在定子本体221的近端，挡板222密封外壳23和圆筒壳体212的近端。挡板222上具有灌注孔225，灌注孔225与注液腔25连通，灌注孔225还与注液管连通。因此从注液管进入的注入液，通过注液腔25进入第一流道6和第三流道5内。由于挡板222的一侧开设有灌注孔225，以使外部注入液进入灌注孔225，然后进入注液腔25，因此能够简化结构，减少进入人体内的管道数量。Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first flow channel 6 and the third flow channel 5 are connected at their proximal ends to form a liquid injection cavity 25, and the liquid injection tube is connected to the liquid injection cavity 25. As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , the stator 22 includes: a stator body 221 and a baffle 222, the stator body 221 is located between the cylindrical shell 212 and the core shaft 213, the baffle 222 is fixed to the proximal end of the stator body 221, and the baffle 222 seals the shell 23 and the proximal end of the cylindrical shell 212. The baffle 222 has a perfusion hole 225, the perfusion hole 225 is connected to the liquid injection cavity 25, and the perfusion hole 225 is also connected to the liquid injection tube. Therefore, the injection liquid entering from the injection tube enters the first flow channel 6 and the third flow channel 5 through the liquid injection cavity 25. Since the perfusion hole 225 is opened on one side of the baffle 222, so that the external injection liquid enters the perfusion hole 225 and then enters the liquid injection cavity 25, the structure can be simplified and the number of pipes entering the human body can be reduced.
定子本体221的内直径为φ2mm，定子本体221的长度小于圆筒壳体212的长度。挡板222为圆环结构，挡板222固定于定子本体221的近端，且密封外壳23与圆筒壳体212近端。The inner diameter of the stator body 221 is φ2 mm, and the length of the stator body 221 is smaller than the length of the cylindrical shell 212. The baffle 222 is a circular ring structure, fixed to the proximal end of the stator body 221, and seals the housing 23 and the proximal end of the cylindrical shell 212.
如图3-图6，定子22的近端具有限位筒223，可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵包括法兰24，法兰24固定在限位筒223内，并且这个法兰24还分别与注液管和芯轴213连通，使注液管内的液体能够流入芯轴213内，特别的，法兰24还能够分别与第二流道7和回流管(图中未示出)连通，使得第二流道7内的液体能够通过回流管(图中未示出)流出体外。As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the proximal end of the stator 22 has a limiting cylinder 223, and the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart includes a flange 24. The flange 24 is fixed in the limiting cylinder 223, and the flange 24 is also connected to the injection tube and the core shaft 213 respectively, so that the liquid in the injection tube can flow into the core shaft 213. In particular, the flange 24 can also be connected to the second flow channel 7 and the reflux pipe (not shown in the figure) respectively, so that the liquid in the second flow channel 7 can flow out of the body through the reflux pipe (not shown in the figure).
另外，具体的，如图7，圆筒壳体212近端开设有与芯轴213相适配的开口，以使芯轴213的远端从圆筒壳体212的近端开口处暴露出，即芯轴213近端置于圆筒壳体212外部，也即芯轴213的长度大于圆筒壳体212的长度，方便芯轴213连接法兰24。In addition, as shown in Figure 7, the proximal end of the cylindrical shell 212 is provided with an opening that is compatible with the core shaft 213, so that the distal end of the core shaft 213 is exposed from the proximal opening of the cylindrical shell 212, that is, the proximal end of the core shaft 213 is placed outside the cylindrical shell 212, that is, the length of the core shaft 213 is greater than the length of the cylindrical shell 212, which facilitates the connection of the core shaft 213 to the flange 24.
具体的，如图6所示，本实施例中限位筒223为柱状结构，挡板222的直径大于限位筒223的直径，限位筒223的直径大于定子本体221的直径；挡板222、限位筒223、定子本体221内部均开设有贯穿的通道。定子本体221的近端与挡板222的远端连接，挡板222的近端与限位筒223的远端连接。Specifically, as shown in FIG6 , in this embodiment, the limiting cylinder 223 is a columnar structure, the diameter of the baffle 222 is larger than the diameter of the limiting cylinder 223, and the diameter of the limiting cylinder 223 is larger than the diameter of the stator body 221; the baffle 222, the limiting cylinder 223, and the stator body 221 are all provided with a through passage. The proximal end of the stator body 221 is connected to the distal end of the baffle 222, and the proximal end of the baffle 222 is connected to the distal end of the limiting cylinder 223.
如图3、图4和图10，法兰24的内部中空，法兰24设置于限位筒223内，且法兰24的远端呈环形结构，近端设有凸台，法兰24的环形结构周边开设有数个孔道241，各孔道241与回流管(图中未示出)连通，该回流管可套设在注液管外。环形结构与限位筒223内部连接；法兰24近端的凸台套设于注液管的远端内，使得注液管能够与芯轴213的轴内通道216连通。As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 10, the interior of the flange 24 is hollow, and the flange 24 is arranged in the limiting cylinder 223. The distal end of the flange 24 is an annular structure, and a boss is arranged at the proximal end. Several channels 241 are opened around the annular structure of the flange 24, and each channel 241 is connected to a reflux pipe (not shown in the figure), and the reflux pipe can be sleeved outside the injection pipe. The annular structure is connected to the interior of the limiting cylinder 223; the boss at the proximal end of the flange 24 is sleeved in the distal end of the injection pipe, so that the injection pipe can be connected to the shaft channel 216 of the core shaft 213.
如图3，法兰24使芯轴213与注液管之间形成过渡腔室，使芯轴213旋转不带动注液管转动。法兰24的数个孔道241作为法兰24流道，提供第二流道7的注入液的出口，即各孔道241与回流管(图中未示出)连通。回流管(图中未示出)套设于限位筒223上并与该限位筒223连通，回流管可以套设在注液管外，并且回流管连接有负压装置，负压装置能够将回流的液体倒吸出来，避免废物垃圾垃圾污染血液。由于回流管(图中未示出)套设在注液管外，因此可以减少进入人体内的管道。As shown in Figure 3, the flange 24 forms a transition chamber between the core shaft 213 and the injection tube, so that the rotation of the core shaft 213 does not drive the injection tube to rotate. The several channels 241 of the flange 24 serve as the flow channel of the flange 24, providing an outlet for the injection liquid of the second flow channel 7, that is, each channel 241 is connected to the reflux pipe (not shown in the figure). The reflux pipe (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the limiting cylinder 223 and is connected to the limiting cylinder 223. The reflux pipe can be sleeved outside the injection tube, and the reflux pipe is connected to a negative pressure device, which can suck out the refluxed liquid to prevent waste garbage from contaminating the blood. Since the reflux pipe (not shown in the figure) is sleeved outside the injection tube, the number of pipes entering the human body can be reduced.
如图3，本实施例中注液管包括：主管道3、第一支管31和第二支管32，主管道3为输送注入液的导管，主管道3靠近远端的位置设有开口，以使基于该开口使主管道3远端形成连通的第一支管31、第二支管32。本实施例中，第一支管31、第二支管32按1.5:1内径比，当然该比例可以根据不同需求进行调整。具体的，第一支管31与第一流道6连通，同时，第一支管31还与主管道3连通。第二支管32分别与主管道3和法兰24连通，通过法兰21，第二支管32能够与芯轴213内的轴内通道216连通。As shown in Figure 3, the injection pipe in this embodiment includes: a main pipeline 3, a first branch pipe 31 and a second branch pipe 32. The main pipeline 3 is a conduit for conveying injection liquid. The main pipeline 3 is provided with an opening near the distal end so that the distal end of the main pipeline 3 forms a first branch pipe 31 and a second branch pipe 32 that are connected based on the opening. In this embodiment, the first branch pipe 31 and the second branch pipe 32 have an inner diameter ratio of 1.5:1. Of course, this ratio can be adjusted according to different needs. Specifically, the first branch pipe 31 is connected to the first flow channel 6, and at the same time, the first branch pipe 31 is also connected to the main pipeline 3. The second branch pipe 32 is connected to the main pipeline 3 and the flange 24 respectively. Through the flange 21, the second branch pipe 32 can be connected to the shaft channel 216 in the core shaft 213.
需要说明的是，回流管可以套设在第二支管32和主管道3外，同时回流管的侧壁上可以开设一个通孔(图中均未示出)，以方便第一支管31通过该通孔穿出。It should be noted that the return pipe can be sleeved outside the second branch pipe 32 and the main pipe 3, and a through hole (not shown in the figures) can be opened on the side wall of the return pipe to facilitate the first branch pipe 31 to pass through the through hole.
在上述的实施例中注入液通过主管道3分别进入第一支管31和第二支管32，流经第一支管31的注入液通过第一流道6进入第二流道7，最后经过孔道241进入回流管(图中未示出)排出。In the above embodiment, the injection liquid enters the first branch pipe 31 and the second branch pipe 32 respectively through the main pipeline 3. The injection liquid flowing through the first branch pipe 31 enters the second flow channel 7 through the first flow channel 6, and finally enters the reflux pipe (not shown in the figure) through the channel 241 and is discharged.
另外，在本实施例中输送管1为内部中空的血流流通管，输送管1上设有弯折部，即输送管1为由聚氨酯包覆镍钛丝编制的定型骨架制成的套管，镍钛丝编制的骨架可使得套管成一定的弯曲角度，弯曲角度可选150°～170°，优选165°，便于在手术中经主动脉弓更好地放置于左心室内。本实施例的输送管1直径为18F至21F，最大外径为8mm，长度范围为80mm-120mm。输送管1的近端为血流流出口12，该血流流出口12用于使血液流出。In addition, in this embodiment, the delivery tube 1 is a blood flow tube with a hollow interior, and a bending portion is provided on the delivery tube 1, that is, the delivery tube 1 is a sleeve made of a shaped skeleton woven from polyurethane-coated nickel-titanium wire. The skeleton woven from nickel-titanium wire can make the sleeve have a certain bending angle, and the bending angle can be selected from 150° to 170°, preferably 165°, so as to facilitate better placement in the left ventricle through the aortic arch during surgery. The delivery tube 1 of this embodiment has a diameter of 18F to 21F, a maximum outer diameter of 8mm, and a length range of 80mm-120mm. The proximal end of the delivery tube 1 is a blood flow outlet 12, which is used to allow blood to flow out.
如图11，本实施例中输送管1的远端为不锈钢金属头，且开设有数个血流流入口11，本实施例中血流流入口11为腰形孔口，且在输送管1远端设有4个腰型孔口；血液从血流流入口11使血液流入输送管1中，并从血流流出口12流出。不锈钢金属头和数个腰型孔口有助于足够的血液稳固的流入输送管1。As shown in FIG11 , the distal end of the delivery tube 1 in this embodiment is a stainless steel metal head, and is provided with a plurality of blood flow inlets 11. In this embodiment, the blood flow inlet 11 is a waist-shaped hole, and four waist-shaped holes are provided at the distal end of the delivery tube 1; blood flows into the delivery tube 1 from the blood flow inlet 11, and flows out from the blood flow outlet 12. The stainless steel metal head and the plurality of waist-shaped holes help sufficient blood to flow into the delivery tube 1 stably.
输送管1远端还设有配重块14，该配重块14的重量为0.5g～1g，优选0.5g、0.8g、1g；配重块14能使整个输送管1更好地稳定泵血。A counterweight 14 is also provided at the distal end of the delivery tube 1 , and the weight of the counterweight 14 is 0.5 g to 1 g, preferably 0.5 g, 0.8 g, or 1 g; the counterweight 14 can enable the entire delivery tube 1 to pump blood more stably.
输送管1距离血流流入口11的50mm、距离弯折部5mm的位置处设有显影环13，显影环13帮助术者在x射线下更好地观察血流流入口11与血流流出口12是否跨过主动脉瓣。A developing ring 13 is provided on the delivery tube 1 at a position 50 mm away from the blood flow inlet 11 and 5 mm away from the bending portion. The developing ring 13 helps the operator to better observe whether the blood flow inlet 11 and the blood flow outlet 12 cross the aortic valve under X-ray.
本实施例的一种可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵的使用方法，此处以可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵置入左心房为例说明，但是在有些实施例中，可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵还可以置入其他需要泵血的部位，例如可以将假体泵植入降主动脉血管内，以给肾脏供血。The present embodiment provides a method for using a prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart. Here, the prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart is implanted in the left atrium as an example. However, in some embodiments, the prosthetic pump that can be disposed in a human blood vessel or heart can also be implanted in other parts that need blood pumping. For example, the prosthetic pump can be implanted in the descending aorta to supply blood to the kidneys.
当该可设置于人体血管或心脏内的假体泵进入左心室后，通过显影环13使操作者在x射线下更好地观察血流流入口11与血流流出口12是否跨过主动脉瓣，若是，则进行下一步操作，此时辅助装置会基于配重块14使整个输送管1更好地稳定在左心室中，左心室内的血液从血流流入口11进入后通过输送管1的通道后在叶轮217的高速旋转下从血流流出口12排出。When the prosthetic pump that can be set in the human blood vessel or heart enters the left ventricle, the developing ring 13 allows the operator to better observe whether the blood flow inlet 11 and the blood flow outlet 12 cross the aortic valve under X-ray. If so, the next step is performed. At this time, the auxiliary device will use the counterweight block 14 to better stabilize the entire delivery tube 1 in the left ventricle. The blood in the left ventricle enters from the blood flow inlet 11, passes through the channel of the delivery tube 1, and is discharged from the blood flow outlet 12 under the high-speed rotation of the impeller 217.
如图3的箭头方向，操作者在主管道3近端推送5％葡萄糖注入液(含25％～50％iu/ml肝素)，该注入液经过主管道3到达主管道3的远端时，该注入液分为两路，分别进入第一支管31、第二支管32。As shown in the direction of the arrow in Figure 3, the operator pushes 5% glucose injection solution (containing 25% to 50% iu/ml heparin) at the proximal end of the main pipeline 3. When the injection solution passes through the main pipeline 3 and reaches the distal end of the main pipeline 3, the injection solution is divided into two paths and enters the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 respectively.
经过第二支管32的注入液进入轴内通道216后通过第一出液口2131进入第一空腔214，进入第一空腔214的注入液通过第二出液口2111排出，这样更好地解决了转子21在高速旋转时血液经过叶轮217产生的凝结，不会对血液产生损伤且增加了血液循环流量以及减小破坏作用。The injected liquid enters the inner channel 216 through the second branch tube 32 and enters the first cavity 214 through the first liquid outlet 2131. The injected liquid entering the first cavity 214 is discharged through the second liquid outlet 2111. This better solves the coagulation caused by blood passing through the impeller 217 when the rotor 21 rotates at high speed, does not cause damage to the blood, increases the blood circulation flow rate, and reduces the destructive effect.
经过第一支管31的注入液通过灌注孔225进入第三流道5和第一流道6内，进入第三流道5的注入液带走转子21旋转时产生的热量，避免热量集中在泵体2处，而且还能阻止血液进入泵体2内。同时由于注入液还进入第一流道6，因此转子21在高速旋转时第一轴承41和第二轴承42产生的垃圾废物及热量可以通过第二流道7、数个孔道241和回流管(图中未示出)排出体外。The injection liquid passing through the first branch pipe 31 enters the third flow channel 5 and the first flow channel 6 through the injection hole 225. The injection liquid entering the third flow channel 5 takes away the heat generated when the rotor 21 rotates, avoiding the heat from being concentrated in the pump body 2, and also preventing blood from entering the pump body 2. At the same time, since the injection liquid also enters the first flow channel 6, the waste and heat generated by the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42 when the rotor 21 rotates at a high speed can be discharged from the body through the second flow channel 7, the plurality of holes 241 and the return pipe (not shown in the figure).
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、输送管1处设有0.5～0.8g配重，输送管1上设有显影环13，可帮助术者在X射线下观察。1. A 0.5-0.8g counterweight is provided at the delivery tube 1, and a developing ring 13 is provided on the delivery tube 1 to help the operator observe under X-rays.
2、转子21为一体式空心杯结构，轴内腔道216通入肝素溶液并通过第二出液口2111排出至叶轮217处，达到血液在叶轮217附近不宜产生溶血及减小破坏作用。2. The rotor 21 is an integrated hollow cup structure. The heparin solution is introduced into the shaft cavity 216 and discharged to the impeller 217 through the second liquid outlet 2111, so that the blood is not prone to hemolysis near the impeller 217 and the destructive effect is reduced.
3、带内腔通道定子22，通过不同直径的陶瓷轴承4使泵体2内部形成第三流道5及第二流道7，将泵体2内组件与外部血液进行阻断，并将泵体2内的废物垃圾排出体外。3. The stator 22 with an inner cavity channel forms a third flow channel 5 and a second flow channel 7 inside the pump body 2 through ceramic bearings 4 of different diameters, thereby blocking the components inside the pump body 2 from the external blood and discharging the waste in the pump body 2 out of the body.
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. A person skilled in the art of the present invention may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310071950.2ACN116059522B (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | A prosthetic pump that can be placed in a human blood vessel or heart |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310071950.2ACN116059522B (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | A prosthetic pump that can be placed in a human blood vessel or heart |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116059522A CN116059522A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
| CN116059522Btrue CN116059522B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310071950.2AActiveCN116059522B (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | A prosthetic pump that can be placed in a human blood vessel or heart |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116059522B (en) |
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| CN114215792A (en)* | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-22 | 上海炫脉医疗科技有限公司 | Micropump with totally-enclosed cleaning fluid circulating system |
| CN114225214A (en)* | 2022-01-11 | 2022-03-25 | 丰凯利医疗器械(上海)有限公司 | Catheter pump housing structure and catheter pump device |
| CN115282468A (en)* | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 上海炫脉医疗科技有限公司 | Intervention type blood pump |
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| CN116059522A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | Address after:226000 Jiangsu Province Nantong City Development Zone Xin East Road 9 Electronic Industrial Park Building 2 3rd Floor Patentee after:Chenxing (Nantong) Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd. Country or region after:China Patentee after:Qichen Fuxin Medical Technology (Zhuhai) Co.,Ltd. Address before:226000 Jiangsu Province Nantong City Development Zone Xin East Road 9 Electronic Industrial Park Building 2 3rd Floor Patentee before:Chenxing (Nantong) Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd. Country or region before:China Patentee before:Qichen (Shanghai) medical equipment Co.,Ltd. |