CN116021767A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN116021767A
Application number: CN202211705787.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘煜; 陈润平; 魏振河; 张庆乐; 张春虎; 刘程程; 刘岭
Original assignee: Aerospace Additive Technology Beijing Co ltd; Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aerospace Additive Technology Beijing Co ltd; Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-29
Filing date: 2022-12-29
Publication date: 2023-04-28

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型及打印方法，属于3D打印技术领域，解决了现有倒L型结构面模型无法实现一体打印成型的问题。所述3D打印模型包括横面、竖面以及设置在横面和竖面之间的支撑结构，所述竖面用于成型倒L型结构面的竖向面；所述支撑结构用于提供倒L型结构面的横向面成型的支撑面；所述横面用于在所述支撑面上成型倒L型结构面的横向面。该3D打印模型能够用于一体打印自成形倒L型结构面。

The invention relates to a 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface and a printing method, belonging to the technical field of 3D printing, and solves the problem that the existing inverted L-shaped structural surface model cannot be integrally printed and formed. The 3D printing model includes a horizontal plane, a vertical plane and a support structure arranged between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, the vertical plane is used to form the vertical plane of an inverted L-shaped structural plane; the support structure is used to provide an inverted The support surface formed by the transverse surface of the L-shaped structural surface; the transverse surface is used to form the transverse surface of the inverted L-shaped structural surface on the support surface. The 3D printing model can be used for integrally printing a self-forming inverted L-shaped structural surface.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型及打印方法A 3D printing model and printing method of an inverted L-shaped structural surface

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及3D打印技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于倒L型结构面的3D打印模型及打印方法。The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing model and printing method for an inverted L-shaped structural surface.

背景技术Background technique

随着3D打印技术的不断发展，越来越多的零部件用3D打印来进行试制或量产。在零件设计过程中，不可避免的存在一些安装结构、对齐结构等需要用平面或大曲面的结构形式。在增材制造打印过程中，倒L型结构面中，由于其横面与竖直方向成形角度大于45°(即，与水平面夹角小于45°)，存在打印质量差，甚至不能成形的问题。With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, more and more parts are used for trial production or mass production by 3D printing. In the part design process, there are inevitably some mounting structures, alignment structures, etc. that require flat or large curved surfaces. In the printing process of additive manufacturing, in the inverted L-shaped structure surface, because the forming angle between the horizontal surface and the vertical direction is greater than 45° (that is, the angle between the horizontal plane and the horizontal plane is less than 45°), there is a problem of poor printing quality or even failure to form .

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于上述的分析，本发明实施例旨在提供一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型及打印方法，用以解决现有的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型无法一体打印成形的问题。In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface and a printing method to solve the problem that the existing 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface cannot be integrally printed.

一方面，本发明提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型，所述3D打印模型包括横面、竖面以及设置在横面和竖面之间的支撑结构；On the one hand, the present invention provides a 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface, the 3D printing model comprising a horizontal surface, a vertical surface and a support structure arranged between the horizontal surface and the vertical surface;

所述竖面用于成型倒L型结构面的竖向面；The vertical surface is used to form the vertical surface of the inverted L-shaped structural surface;

所述支撑结构用于提供倒L型结构面的横向面成型的支撑面；The support structure is used to provide a support surface formed by the transverse surface of the inverted L-shaped structure surface;

所述横面用于在所述支撑面上成型倒L型结构面的横向面。The transverse surface is used to form the transverse surface of an inverted L-shaped structural surface on the supporting surface.

优选地，所述支撑结构的支撑面在横面以下沿竖面自由端延伸方向面积逐级减小。Preferably, the area of the support surface of the support structure decreases step by step below the transverse plane along the direction of the extension of the free end of the vertical plane.

优选地，所述支撑结构的上端面与横面重合，所述支撑结构的下端面与竖面连接。Preferably, the upper end surface of the support structure coincides with the horizontal surface, and the lower end surface of the support structure is connected with the vertical surface.

优选地，所述支撑结构包括多个棱台支撑块和设置在棱台支撑块下面的支撑架；Preferably, the support structure includes a plurality of prism support blocks and a support frame arranged under the prism support blocks;

所述棱台支撑块的上端面大于下端面，所述棱台支撑块的上端面与所述横面重合，所述棱台支撑块的下端面与所述支撑架的上端面重合，所述支撑架的下端面与竖面连接。The upper end surface of the abutment support block is larger than the lower end surface, the upper end surface of the abutment support block coincides with the transverse surface, the lower end surface of the abutment support block coincides with the upper end surface of the support frame, the The lower end surface of the support frame is connected with the vertical surface.

优选地，所述支撑架包括由上至下依次设置的一级支撑架和二级支撑架。Preferably, the support frame includes a primary support frame and a secondary support frame arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

优选地，在所述一级支撑架与二级支撑架之间还设置有中间级支撑架。Preferably, an intermediate support frame is also provided between the primary support frame and the secondary support frame.

优选地，所述一级支撑架包括四根柱子，所述四根柱子的上端面分别与四个相邻的所述棱台支撑块的下端面连接，所述四根柱子的下端面互相连接，形成所述一级支撑架的下端面；Preferably, the primary support frame includes four columns, the upper end surfaces of the four columns are respectively connected with the lower end surfaces of four adjacent prism support blocks, and the lower end surfaces of the four columns are connected to each other , forming the lower end surface of the primary support frame;

所述二级支撑架的上端面与所述一级支撑架的下端面连接，所述二级支撑架的下端面与所述竖面连接。The upper end surface of the secondary support frame is connected to the lower end surface of the primary support frame, and the lower end surface of the secondary support frame is connected to the vertical surface.

优选地，多个所述棱台支撑块的下端面位于同一平面上。Preferably, the lower end surfaces of the plurality of prism support blocks are located on the same plane.

优选地，所述棱台支撑块的侧面与水平面的夹角大于等于45°。Preferably, the included angle between the side surface of the prism support block and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45°.

另一方面，本发明提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印方法，采用上述3D打印模型，所述方法包括：In another aspect, the present invention provides a 3D printing method for an inverted L-shaped structural surface, using the above-mentioned 3D printing model, the method comprising:

(a)打印竖面；(a) print the vertical side;

(b)从所述竖面的一侧打印二级支撑架；(b) printing a secondary support frame from one side of the vertical surface;

(c)从所述二级支撑架的上端面打印中间级支撑架；(c) printing an intermediate support frame from the upper end surface of the secondary support frame;

(d)从所述中间级支撑架的上端面打印一级支撑架；(d) printing a first-level support frame from the upper end surface of the intermediate-level support frame;

(e)从所述一级支撑架的上端面打印棱台支撑块；(e) printing the edge support block from the upper end surface of the first-level support frame;

(f)在所述棱台支撑块的上端面打印横面。(f) printing a transverse surface on the upper end surface of the truss support block.

与现有技术相比，本发明至少可实现如下有益效果之一：Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型能够实现倒L型结构面的自打印成形。1. The 3D printing model of the inverted L-shaped structural surface of the present invention can realize the self-printing of the inverted L-shaped structural surface.

2、本发明在倒L型结构面的横面和竖面之间的支撑结构，所述支撑结构的支撑面由横面至竖面逐级减小，避免了大量增加零件的重量和大量占用零件内部容积的问题，该支撑结构不需要去除。2. The present invention provides a support structure between the horizontal surface and the vertical surface of the inverted L-shaped structural surface. The support surface of the support structure decreases step by step from the horizontal surface to the vertical surface, avoiding a large increase in the weight of parts and a large amount of occupation Issues with the internal volume of the part, the support structure does not need to be removed.

3、在一种实施方式中，本发明通过棱台支撑块将横面横面的面积从棱台支撑块的大端面(上端面)的面积转换为棱台支撑块的小端面(下端面)的面积，同时支撑架的两端分别与棱台支撑块的小端面和竖面竖面连接，达到支撑以及进一步缩小支撑面的效果。该支撑结构的重量仅为现有的实体支撑结构重量的20％以内，占用零件内部体积仅为现有的实体支撑结构的20％以内，避免了大量增加零件的重量和大量占用零件内部容积的问题，该支撑结构不需要去除。3. In one embodiment, the present invention converts the area of the transverse surface from the area of the large end surface (upper end surface) of the abutment support block to the small end surface (lower end surface) of the abutment support block through the abutment support block At the same time, the two ends of the support frame are respectively connected to the small end surface and the vertical surface of the edge support block, so as to achieve the effect of supporting and further reducing the supporting surface. The weight of the support structure is only within 20% of the weight of the existing solid support structure, and the internal volume of the part is only within 20% of the existing solid support structure, avoiding a large increase in the weight of the part and a large amount of occupation of the internal volume of the part problem, the support structure does not need to be removed.

4、本发明的多个棱台支撑块的下端面位于同一水平面上，可以将各种异形面的横面转化为平面，因此，本发明的3D打印模型适用于何种异形横面横面。4. The lower end faces of the plurality of prism support blocks of the present invention are located on the same horizontal plane, which can transform the transverse planes of various special-shaped surfaces into planes. Therefore, what kind of special-shaped transverse planes is suitable for the 3D printing model of the present invention.

5、本发明的3D打印方法可以实现倒L型结构面横面的打印自成形，解决了倒L型结构面横面中的横面打印过程中难以成形的问题，以较少的材料重量添加方式实现了倒L型结构面横面的打印自成形。5. The 3D printing method of the present invention can realize the printing self-forming of the inverted L-shaped structural surface, which solves the problem that it is difficult to form during the printing process of the inverted L-shaped structural surface, and adds less material weight This method realizes the printing self-forming of the inverted L-shaped structural surface.

本发明中，上述各技术方案之间还可以相互组合，以实现更多的优选组合方案。本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分优点可从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过说明书以及附图中所特别指出的内容中来实现和获得。In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to realize more preferred combination solutions. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and some of the advantages will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the matter particularly pointed out in the written description and appended drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图仅用于示出具体实施例的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制，在整个附图中，相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments only and are not to be considered as limitations of the invention, and like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

图1为本发明一个实施例提供的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型横面立体示意图；Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明一个实施例提供的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型横面主视图；Fig. 2 is the front view of the cross-section of the 3D printing model of the inverted L-shaped structural surface provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明一个实施例提供的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型横面侧视图；Fig. 3 is a lateral side view of the 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明的棱台支撑块结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the truss support block of the present invention;

图5为本发明另一个实施例提供的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型横面立体示意图。Fig. 5 is a perspective schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记：Reference signs:

1-横面；2-棱台支撑块；3-一级支撑架；4-二级支撑架；5-竖面；6-中间级支撑架。1-horizontal plane; 2-edge support block; 3-first-level support frame; 4-second-level support frame; 5-vertical plane; 6-intermediate-level support frame.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例，其中，附图构成本申请一部分，并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理，并非用于限定本发明的范围。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the application and together with the embodiments of the present invention are used to explain the principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

一方面，本发明提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型横面，所述3D打印模型包括横面1、竖面5以及设置在横面1和竖面5之间的支撑结构；On the one hand, the present invention provides a horizontal plane of a 3D printing model with an inverted L-shaped structural surface, the 3D printing model comprising ahorizontal plane 1, avertical plane 5 and a support structure arranged between thehorizontal plane 1 and thevertical plane 5;

所述竖面5用于成型倒L型结构面的竖向面；Thevertical surface 5 is used to form the vertical surface of the inverted L-shaped structural surface;

所述横面1用于在所述支撑面上成型倒L型结构面的横向面。Thetransverse surface 1 is used to form the transverse surface of an inverted L-shaped structural surface on the supporting surface.

本发明的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型能够实现倒L型结构面的自打印成形。The 3D printing model of the inverted L-shaped structural surface of the present invention can realize the self-printing forming of the inverted L-shaped structural surface.

在一种实施方式中，所述支撑结构的支撑面在横面1以下沿竖面5自由端延伸方向面积逐级减小。In one embodiment, the area of the support surface of the support structure is gradually reduced below thehorizontal plane 1 along the extending direction of the free end of thevertical plane 5 .

在一种实施方式中，所述支撑结构的上端面与横面1重合，所述支撑结构的下端面与竖面5连接。In one embodiment, the upper end surface of the support structure coincides with thehorizontal surface 1 , and the lower end surface of the support structure is connected to thevertical surface 5 .

需要说明的是，所述竖面5位于所述横面1下方的一侧，且与所述横面1成夹角设置。It should be noted that thevertical surface 5 is located on the side below thehorizontal surface 1 and is set at an included angle with thehorizontal surface 1 .

具体地，如图1-3所示，所述支撑结构包括多个棱台支撑块2和设置在棱台支撑块2下面的支撑架；Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-3, the support structure includes a plurality of prism support blocks 2 and a support frame arranged under the prism support blocks 2;

所述棱台支撑块2的上端面大于下端面，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面与所述横面1重合，所述棱台支撑块2的下端面与所述支撑架的上端面重合，所述支撑架的下端面与竖面5连接。The upper end surface of theabutment support block 2 is greater than the lower end surface, the upper end surface of theabutment support block 2 coincides with thetransverse surface 1, and the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2 and the upper end surface of the support frame Coincidentally, the lower end surface of the support frame is connected with thevertical surface 5 .

本发明的支撑结构通过棱台支撑块2将横面的面积从棱台支撑块2的大端面(上端面)的面积转换为棱台支撑块2的小端面(下端面)的面积，同时支撑架的两端分别与棱台支撑块2的小端面和竖面5连接，达到支撑以及进一步缩小支撑面的效果。该支撑结构的重量仅为现有的实体支撑结构重量的20％以内，占用零件内部体积仅为现有的实体支撑结构的20％以内，避免了大量增加零件的重量和大量占用零件内部容积的问题，该支撑结构不需要去除。The support structure of the present invention converts the area of the transverse surface from the area of the large end face (upper end face) of theabutment support block 2 to the area of the small end face (lower end face) of theabutment support block 2 by theabutment support block 2, and simultaneously supports The two ends of the frame are respectively connected with the small end surface of theprism support block 2 and thevertical surface 5 to achieve the effect of supporting and further reducing the supporting surface. The weight of the support structure is only within 20% of the weight of the existing solid support structure, and the internal volume of the part is only within 20% of the existing solid support structure, avoiding a large increase in the weight of the part and a large amount of occupation of the internal volume of the part problem, the support structure does not need to be removed.

需要说明的是，在无特殊说明的情况下，本发明中的“上”、“下”指的是零件主视图中的“上”、“下”。It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "upper" and "lower" in the present invention refer to "upper" and "lower" in the front view of the part.

本发明中，所述横面1是需要支撑的面或需要支撑的面的一部分，所述横面1与水平面的夹角小于45°，不满足3D打印零件在无支撑情况下的自成形条件或成形后表面质量较差，横面1的结构形状包括但不局限于平面、曲面、凸台结构等，其主要特点是在成形过程中不能自成形。横面1的壁厚可以是大于0.5mm的任意值，横面1的上表面、下表面可包含凸台、通孔、加强筋等局部特征结构。In the present invention, thetransverse surface 1 is the surface to be supported or a part of the surface to be supported, and the angle between thehorizontal surface 1 and the horizontal plane is less than 45°, which does not satisfy the self-forming condition of the 3D printed part without support Or the surface quality after forming is poor. The structural shape of thetransverse surface 1 includes but is not limited to plane, curved surface, boss structure, etc., and its main feature is that it cannot be self-formed during the forming process. The wall thickness of thetransverse plane 1 can be any value greater than 0.5 mm, and the upper and lower surfaces of thetransverse plane 1 can include local characteristic structures such as bosses, through holes, and reinforcing ribs.

在一种实施方式中，所述竖面5与水平面的夹角大于等于45°，竖面5能够直接打印成形，可用于与二级支撑架4的结构连接，起到对二级支撑架4及其以上结构的支撑作用，同样，竖面5的结构形式不拘泥于平面，也可是各种形式的曲面、异形面，满足上述自成形条件即可。In one embodiment, the angle between thevertical surface 5 and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45°, thevertical surface 5 can be directly printed and formed, and can be used to connect with the structure of thesecondary support frame 4, and play a role in supporting thesecondary support frame 4. As well as the supporting function of the above structures, the structure of thevertical surface 5 is not limited to a plane, but can also be various forms of curved surfaces and special-shaped surfaces, as long as the above-mentioned self-forming conditions are satisfied.

在一种实施方式中，所述支撑架包括由上至下依次设置的一级支撑架3和二级支撑架4；所述支撑结构包括多个一级支撑架3和多个二级支撑架4。In one embodiment, the support frame includes aprimary support frame 3 and asecondary support frame 4 arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the support structure includes a plurality of primary support frames 3 and a plurality of secondary support frames 4.

所述一级支撑架3包括四根柱子，所述四根柱子的上端面分别与四个相邻的所述棱台支撑块2的下端面连接，所述四根柱子的下端面互相连接，形成所述一级支撑架3的下端面；所述“相邻”是指可以围成方形的四个棱台支撑块2。Theprimary support frame 3 includes four pillars, the upper end surfaces of the four pillars are respectively connected with the lower end surfaces of four adjacent prism support blocks 2, and the lower end surfaces of the four pillars are connected to each other, The lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is formed; the "adjacent" refers to four prism support blocks 2 that can form a square.

所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面连接，所述二级支撑架4的下端面与所述竖面5连接。The upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is connected to the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 , and the lower end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is connected to thevertical surface 5 .

可理解的是，从四个相邻的所述棱台支撑块2的下端面向下延伸出四根柱子，四根柱子的下端面互相连接，形成一级支撑架3。所述一级支撑架3的作用是通过一级支撑架3将四个棱台支撑块2的四个下端面支撑面转换为一级支撑架3上端的一个支撑面，进一步减少所需支撑平面的面积与支撑架结构的体积；并且，一级支撑架3用于支撑棱台支撑块2的打印成形。It can be understood that four pillars extend downward from the lower end surfaces of four adjacent prism support blocks 2 , and the lower end surfaces of the four pillars are connected to each other to form aprimary support frame 3 . The function of the first-level support frame 3 is to convert the four lower end surface support surfaces of the four prism support blocks 2 into a support surface at the upper end of the first-level support frame 3 by the first-level support frame 3, further reducing the required support plane The area and the volume of the support frame structure; and, theprimary support frame 3 is used to support the printing and forming of theabutment support block 2 .

在一种实施方式中，所述一级支撑架3的下端面为水平面。In one embodiment, the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is a horizontal plane.

在一种实施方式中，所述一级支撑架3的上端面与棱台支撑块2的下端面形状一致且完全重合。In one embodiment, the upper end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theprism support block 2 and coincides completely.

本发明中，所述一级支撑架3的下端面用于与所述二级支撑架4的上端面连接。所述一级支撑架3的下端面的截面形状和面积可依据支撑结构强度需求进行调整。所述一级支撑架3的下端面的截面形状和面积可以与一级支撑架3的上端面不同。In the present invention, the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is used to connect with the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 . The cross-sectional shape and area of the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 can be adjusted according to the strength requirements of the supporting structure. The cross-sectional shape and area of the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 may be different from the upper end surface of theprimary support frame 3 .

示例性地，一级支撑架3的下端面的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、长方形等，截面面积较上端面大或小。Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is circular, oval, rectangular, etc., and the cross-sectional area is larger or smaller than that of the upper end surface.

可以理解的是，由一级支撑架3的下端面开始向竖面5延伸，形成二级支撑架4。所述二级支撑架4的作用是用于支撑一级支撑架3的打印成形。It can be understood that thesecondary support frame 4 is formed from the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 extending toward thevertical surface 5 . The function of thesecondary support frame 4 is to support the printing and forming of theprimary support frame 3 .

在一种实施方式中，所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面形状一致且完全重合。In one embodiment, the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 and completely overlaps.

本发明中，所述二级支撑架4的下端面的截面形状和面积可依据支撑结构强度需求进行调整。In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape and area of the lower end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 can be adjusted according to the strength requirements of the support structure.

示例性地，所述二级支撑架4的下端面的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、长方形等，截面面积较上端面大或小。Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the lower end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is circular, oval, rectangular, etc., and the cross-sectional area is larger or smaller than that of the upper end surface.

为了保证一级支撑架3和二级支撑架4的自成形打印，所述一级支撑架3的每个柱子与水平面的夹角大于等于45°，所述二级支撑架4与水平面的夹角大于等于45°。In order to ensure the self-forming printing of the first-level support frame 3 and the second-level support frame 4, the angle between each column of the first-level support frame 3 and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45°, and the angle between the two-level support frame 4 and the horizontal plane The angle is greater than or equal to 45°.

需要说明的是，当所需支撑的面积较大时，在一级支撑架3与二级支撑架4之间还可以设置与所述一级支撑架3结构类似的中间级支撑架6，用于进一步减少支撑面积。It should be noted that, when the required supporting area is relatively large, anintermediate support frame 6 similar in structure to theprimary support frame 3 can also be provided between theprimary support frame 3 and thesecondary support frame 4. to further reduce the support area.

示例性地，如图2和3所示，从四个相邻一级支撑架3的下端面向下延伸出四个中间支柱，四个中间支柱的上端面分别与四个所述相邻的一级支撑架3的下端面重合连接，四个中间支柱的下端面分别互相连接，从而将四个一级支撑架3的四个下端面面积减少为一个中间级支撑架6的下端面，中间级支撑架6的下端面与所述二级支撑架4的上端面连接。中间级支撑架6的每个支柱与水平面的夹角大于等于45°。Exemplarily, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, four intermediate pillars extend downward from the lower end surfaces of four adjacent primary support frames 3, and the upper end surfaces of the four intermediate pillars are respectively connected to the four adjacent ones. The lower end surfaces of the first-level support frame 3 are overlapped and connected, and the lower end surfaces of the four intermediate pillars are connected to each other, thereby reducing the area of the four lower end surfaces of the four first-level support frames 3 to the lower end surface of an intermediate-level support frame 6. The lower end surface of thesupport frame 6 is connected to the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 . The angle between each pillar of theintermediate support frame 6 and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45°.

本发明中，中间级支撑架6可以为多个，设置方式同上所述，用于一步一步减少总体支撑面积。In the present invention, there may be multiple intermediate support frames 6, and the setting method is the same as that described above, so as to reduce the overall support area step by step.

当零件所需支撑强度较高时，二级支撑架4的结构可由一个端面与竖面5相连转化为二级支撑架4的整个侧面与竖面5相连，即二级支撑架4为同时与横面1和竖面5垂直的直角三角形板，两个直角边分别与互相垂直的横面1和竖面5平行，其中一个直角边用于与一级支撑架3连接，另一个直角边与竖面5相连，如图5所示，可以增加二级支撑架4与竖面5的连接强度，防止由于应力过大造成连接位置的变形与开裂。When the supporting strength required by the part is high, the structure of thesecondary support frame 4 can be converted from one end surface connected to thevertical surface 5 into the whole side of thesecondary support frame 4 connected to thevertical surface 5, that is, thesecondary support frame 4 is connected with thevertical surface 5 at the same time. A right-angled triangular plate perpendicular to thehorizontal plane 1 and thevertical plane 5, the two right-angled sides are respectively parallel to the mutually perpendicularhorizontal plane 1 and thevertical plane 5, one of the right-angled sides is used to connect with the first-level support frame 3, and the other right-angled side is connected to the first-level support frame 3 Thevertical surface 5 is connected, as shown in FIG. 5 , which can increase the connection strength between thesecondary support frame 4 and thevertical surface 5, and prevent deformation and cracking of the connection position due to excessive stress.

本发明中，所述棱台支撑块2的作用是将横面1的面积由棱台支撑块2的上端面的面积转换为下端面的面积，即由大面积转化为小面积，减小需要支撑的面积。In the present invention, the effect of thetruss support block 2 is to convert the area of thetransverse plane 1 from the area of the upper end face of theprism support block 2 to the area of the lower end face, that is, from a large area to a small area, reducing the need for Supported area.

需要说明的是，所述棱台支撑块2为实心结构。It should be noted that theprism support block 2 is a solid structure.

在一种实施方式中，如图1-4所示，每个所述棱台支撑块2为四棱柱。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-4 , each of the prism support blocks 2 is a quadrangular prism.

可以理解的是，所述多个棱台支撑块2的上端面组成所述横面1，即，将横面1分为多个方形，该方形即为棱台支撑块2的上端面，每个方形向下延伸出一个棱台支撑块2。It can be understood that the upper end surfaces of the plurality of prism support blocks 2 form thetransverse plane 1, that is, thetransverse plane 1 is divided into a plurality of squares, and the squares are the upper end surfaces of the prism support blocks 2, each Aprism support block 2 extends downwards from a square.

在一种实施方式中，多个所述棱台支撑块2的下端面位于同一平面上。棱台支撑块2可以将各种异形面的横面1转换为棱台支撑块2的下端面组成的平面，以提高支撑的稳固性。In one embodiment, the lower end surfaces of the plurality of prism support blocks 2 are located on the same plane. Theabutment support block 2 can convert thetransverse surfaces 1 of various irregular surfaces into a plane formed by the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2, so as to improve the stability of the support.

进一步地，所述棱台支撑块2的下端面为水平面。Further, the lower end surface of theprism support block 2 is a horizontal plane.

为了保证棱台支撑块2的自成形打印，所述棱台支撑块2的侧面与水平面的夹角大于等于45°。In order to ensure the self-forming printing of theprism support block 2, the included angle between the side surface of theprism support block 2 and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45°.

本发明中，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面的面积决定每一个棱台支撑块2所能支撑的横面的面积，棱台支撑块2的下端面的面积决定与其连接的支撑架的端面的面积，进而决定支撑架的结构强度，因此，棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面的面积大小可根据支撑结构应力水平调整。In the present invention, the area of the upper end surface of theabutment support block 2 determines the area of the transverse surface that eachabutment support block 2 can support, and the area of the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2 determines the size of the support frame connected to it. The area of the end surface further determines the structural strength of the support frame. Therefore, the area size of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2 can be adjusted according to the stress level of the supporting structure.

在一种实施方式中，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面为正方形，所述上端面的边长为4-8mm，所述下端面的边长为0.5-2mm。In one embodiment, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of theprism support block 2 are square, the side length of the upper end surface is 4-8mm, and the side length of the lower end surface is 0.5-2mm.

本发明中，所述竖面5可以为零件本体的一部分，如图1所示，所述竖面5位于所述横面1的下面，且一个侧边与所述横面1的一侧边相连。In the present invention, thevertical surface 5 can be a part of the part body. As shown in FIG. connected.

另一方面，本发明还提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印方法，采用上述3D打印模型，所述方法包括：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a 3D printing method for an inverted L-shaped structural surface, using the above-mentioned 3D printing model, the method comprising:

(a)打印竖面5；(a) printvertical surface 5;

(b)从所述竖面5的一侧打印二级支撑架4；(b) print thesecondary support frame 4 from one side of thevertical surface 5;

(c)从所述二级支撑架4的上端面打印中间级支撑架6；(c) printing theintermediate support frame 6 from the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4;

(d)从所述中间级支撑架6的上端面打印一级支撑架3；(d) printing theprimary support frame 3 from the upper end surface of theintermediate support frame 6;

(e)从所述一级支撑架3的上端面打印棱台支撑块2；(e) print theedge support block 2 from the upper end surface of the first-level support frame 3;

(f)在所述棱台支撑块2的上端面打印横面1。(f) Printing thehorizontal surface 1 on the upper end surface of theprism support block 2 .

具体来说，在3D打印过程中，竖面5最先打印成形，然后二级支撑架4从所述竖面5的一侧逐渐打印成形，中间级支撑架6通过二级支撑架4的上端面支撑逐渐打印成形，一级支撑架3通过中间级支撑架6的上端面支撑逐渐打印成形，一级支撑架4的每个柱子的上端面支撑棱台支撑块2打印成形，最终，在棱台支撑块2的上端面打印成形横面1，完成横面1的3D打印。Specifically, in the 3D printing process, thevertical surface 5 is printed first, and then thesecondary support frame 4 is gradually printed from one side of thevertical surface 5, and theintermediate support frame 6 passes through the upper surface of thesecondary support frame 4. The end surface support is gradually printed and formed, the first-level support frame 3 is gradually printed and formed by the upper end surface support of the intermediate-level support frame 6, and the upper end surface of each column of the first-level support frame 4 is printed and formed. The upper end surface of thetable support block 2 is printed to form thehorizontal surface 1, and the 3D printing of thehorizontal surface 1 is completed.

本发明的3D打印方法可以实现倒L型结构面的打印自成形，解决了倒L型结构面打印过程中难以成形的问题，以较少的材料重量添加方式实现了倒L型结构面的打印自成形，免去除支撑结构。The 3D printing method of the present invention can realize the printing self-forming of the inverted L-shaped structural surface, solve the problem that the inverted L-shaped structural surface is difficult to form during the printing process, and realize the printing of the inverted L-shaped structural surface with less material weight addition Self-forming, eliminating the need to remove support structures.

下面，通过具体实施例进一步说明本发明的倒L型结构面的3D打印模型及打印方法。Next, the 3D printing model and printing method of the inverted L-shaped structural surface of the present invention will be further described through specific examples.

实施例1-1Example 1-1

提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型，如图1所示：A 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface is provided, as shown in Figure 1:

所述3D打印模型包括倒L型结构面以及设置在所述倒L型结构面的横面1和竖面5之间的支撑结构；The 3D printing model includes an inverted L-shaped structural surface and a support structure arranged between thehorizontal surface 1 and thevertical surface 5 of the inverted L-shaped structural surface;

所述支撑结构包括设置在横面1下面的多个棱台支撑块2和设置在棱台支撑块2下面的支撑架；所述棱台支撑块2的上端面大于下端面，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面与所述横面1重合，所述棱台支撑块2的下端面与所述支撑架的上端面重合，所述支撑架的下端面与竖面5连接；所述竖面5位于所述横面1下方的一侧，且与所述横面1成夹角设置。Described support structure comprises a plurality of abutment support blocks 2 arranged below thetransverse plane 1 and a support frame arranged below theabutment support block 2; the upper end surface of theabutment support block 2 is larger than the lower end surface, and the abutment The upper end surface ofsupport block 2 coincides with describedtransverse surface 1, and the lower end surface of describedprism support block 2 coincides with the upper end surface of described support frame, and the lower end surface of described support frame is connected withvertical surface 5; Thesurface 5 is located on the side below thehorizontal plane 1 and is set at an included angle with thehorizontal plane 1 .

所述棱台支撑块2为实心结构。每个所述棱台支撑块2为四棱柱。所述多个棱台支撑块2的上端面组成所述悬垂面1，即，将横面1分为多个方形，该方形即为棱台支撑块2的上端面，每个方形向下延伸出一个棱台支撑块2。多个所述棱台支撑块2的下端面位于同一平面上。所述棱台支撑块2的下端面为水平面。所述棱台支撑块2的侧面与水平面的夹角等于45°，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面为正方形，所述上端面的边长为5mm，所述下端面的边长为1mm。Theprism support block 2 is a solid structure. Each of the prism support blocks 2 is a quadrangular prism. The upper end surfaces of the plurality of abutment support blocks 2 form thesuspension surface 1, that is, thetransverse surface 1 is divided into a plurality of squares, which are the upper end surfaces of the abutment support blocks 2, and each square extends downwards. Go out aprism support block 2. The lower end surfaces of the plurality of prism support blocks 2 are located on the same plane. The lower end surface of theprism support block 2 is a horizontal plane. The side of describedprism support block 2 and the included angle of horizontal plane are equal to 45 °, and the upper end face and the lower end face of describedprism support block 2 are square, and the side length of described upper end face is 5mm, and the limit of described lower end face The length is 1 mm.

所述支撑架包括由上至下依次设置的一级支撑架3和二级支撑架4；所述支撑结构包括多个一级支撑架3和多个二级支撑架4。所述一级支撑架3包括四根柱子，所述四根柱子的上端面分别与四个相邻的所述棱台支撑块2的下端面连接，所述四根柱子的下端面互相连接，形成所述一级支撑架3的下端面；所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面连接，所述二级支撑架4的下端面与所述竖面5连接。所述一级支撑架3的下端面为水平面。所述一级支撑架3的上端面与棱台支撑块2的下端面形状一致且完全重合。所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面形状一致且完全重合。所述一级支撑架3的每个柱子与水平面的夹角等于45°，所述二级支撑架4与水平面的夹角等于45°。The support frame includes aprimary support frame 3 and asecondary support frame 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the support structure includes a plurality of primary support frames 3 and a plurality of secondary support frames 4 . Theprimary support frame 3 includes four pillars, the upper end surfaces of the four pillars are respectively connected with the lower end surfaces of four adjacent prism support blocks 2, and the lower end surfaces of the four pillars are connected to each other, Form the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3; the upper end surface of the second-level support frame 4 is connected with the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3, and the lower end surface of the second-level support frame 4 is connected to thevertical surface 5 connections. The lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is a horizontal plane. The upper end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2 and completely overlaps. The upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 and coincides completely. The included angle between each column of theprimary support frame 3 and the horizontal plane is equal to 45°, and the included angle between thesecondary support frame 4 and the horizontal plane is equal to 45°.

实施例1-2Example 1-2

提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型，如图2所示：A 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface is provided, as shown in Figure 2:

所述棱台支撑块2为实心结构。每个所述棱台支撑块2为四棱柱。所述多个棱台支撑块2的上端面组成所述横面1，即，将横面1分为多个方形，该方形即为棱台支撑块2的上端面，每个方形向下延伸出一个棱台支撑块2。多个所述棱台支撑块2的下端面位于同一平面上。所述棱台支撑块2的下端面为水平面。所述棱台支撑块2的侧面与水平面的夹角等于45°，所述棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面为正方形，所述上端面的边长为5mm，所述下端面的边长为1mm。Theprism support block 2 is a solid structure. Each of the prism support blocks 2 is a quadrangular prism. The upper end surfaces of the plurality of abutment support blocks 2 form thetransverse plane 1, that is, thetransverse plane 1 is divided into a plurality of squares, which are the upper end surfaces of the abutment support blocks 2, and each square extends downward Go out aprism support block 2. The lower end surfaces of the plurality of prism support blocks 2 are located on the same plane. The lower end surface of theprism support block 2 is a horizontal plane. The side of describedprism support block 2 and the included angle of horizontal plane are equal to 45 °, and the upper end face and the lower end face of describedprism support block 2 are square, and the side length of described upper end face is 5mm, and the limit of described lower end face The length is 1 mm.

在一级支撑架3与二级支撑架4之间设置与所述一级支撑架3结构类似的中间级支撑架6。Anintermediate support frame 6 similar in structure to theprimary support frame 3 is arranged between theprimary support frame 3 and thesecondary support frame 4 .

实施例1-3Example 1-3

提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印模型，如图5所示：A 3D printing model of an inverted L-shaped structural surface is provided, as shown in Figure 5:

所述支撑架包括由上至下依次设置的一级支撑架3和二级支撑架4；所述支撑结构包括多个一级支撑架3和多个二级支撑架4。所述一级支撑架3包括四根柱子，所述四根柱子的上端面分别与四个相邻的所述棱台支撑块2的下端面连接，所述四根柱子的下端面互相连接，形成所述一级支撑架3的下端面；所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面连接，所述二级支撑架4的下端面与所述竖面5连接。所述一级支撑架3的下端面为水平面。所述一级支撑架3的上端面与棱台支撑块2的下端面形状一致且完全重合。所述二级支撑架4的上端面与所述一级支撑架3的下端面形状一致且完全重合。所述一级支撑架3的每个柱子与水平面的夹角等于45°，所述二级支撑架4与水平面的夹角等于45°。The support frame includes aprimary support frame 3 and asecondary support frame 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the support structure includes a plurality of primary support frames 3 and a plurality of secondary support frames 4 . Theprimary support frame 3 includes four pillars, the upper end surfaces of the four pillars are respectively connected with the lower end surfaces of the four adjacent prism support blocks 2, and the lower end surfaces of the four pillars are connected to each other, Form the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3; the upper end surface of the second-level support frame 4 is connected with the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3, and the lower end surface of the second-level support frame 4 is connected to thevertical surface 5 connections. The lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is a horizontal plane. The upper end surface of theprimary support frame 3 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theabutment support block 2 and completely overlaps. The upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is in the same shape as the lower end surface of theprimary support frame 3 and coincides completely. The included angle between each column of theprimary support frame 3 and the horizontal plane is equal to 45°, and the included angle between thesecondary support frame 4 and the horizontal plane is equal to 45°.

二级支撑架4的整个侧面与竖面5相连，即二级支撑架4为同时与横面1和竖面5垂直的直角三角形板，两个直角边分别与互相垂直的横面1和竖面5平行，其中一个直角边用于与一级支撑架3连接，另一个直角边与竖面5相连。The entire side of thesecondary support frame 4 is connected to thevertical surface 5, that is, thesecondary support frame 4 is a right-angled triangular plate perpendicular to thehorizontal surface 1 and thevertical surface 5 at the same time, and the two right-angled sides are respectively connected to thehorizontal surface 1 and thevertical surface 5 perpendicular to each other. The faces 5 are parallel, one of the right-angled sides is used to connect with theprimary support frame 3 , and the other right-angled side is connected with thevertical surface 5 .

实施例2-1Example 2-1

本实施例提供了一种倒L型结构面的3D打印方法，包括以下步骤：This embodiment provides a 3D printing method for an inverted L-shaped structural surface, comprising the following steps:

(a)打印竖面5，竖面5与水平面的夹角为90°。(a) Print thevertical plane 5, and the angle between thevertical plane 5 and the horizontal plane is 90°.

(b)从所述竖面5的一侧打印二级支撑架4，二级支撑架4与水平面的夹角为45°。(b) Print thesecondary support frame 4 from one side of thevertical surface 5, and the angle between thesecondary support frame 4 and the horizontal plane is 45°.

(c)从所述二级支撑架4的上端面打印中间级支撑架6，中间级支撑架6与水平面的夹角为45°，二级支撑架4的上端面与中间级支撑架6的下端面形状一致且完全重合；(c) print theintermediate support frame 6 from the upper end face of thesecondary support frame 4, the angle between theintermediate support frame 6 and the horizontal plane is 45°, the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 and theintermediate support frame 6 The shape of the lower end surface is consistent and completely overlapped;

(d)从所述中间级支撑架6的上端面打印一级支撑架3；中间级支撑架6的上端面与一级支撑架3的下端面形状一致且完全重合；一级支撑架3与水平面的夹角为45°。(d) print the first-level support frame 3 from the upper end surface of the intermediate-level support frame 6; the upper end surface of the intermediate-level support frame 6 is consistent with the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3 and completely overlaps; the first-level support frame 3 and The angle between the horizontal planes is 45°.

(e)从所述一级支撑架3的每个柱子的上端面打印棱台支撑块2；一级支撑架3的每个柱子的上端面与棱台支撑块2的下端面形状一致且完全重合；棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面为正方形，所述上端面的边长为5mm，所述下端面的边长为1mm；所述棱台支撑块2的侧面与水平面的夹角为45°。(e) print theprism support block 2 from the upper end face of each column of theprimary support frame 3; coincide; the upper end surface and the lower end surface of theprism support block 2 are square, the side length of the upper end surface is 5mm, and the side length of the lower end surface is 1mm; is 45°.

(f)在所述棱台支撑块2的上端面打印横面1，横面1的壁厚为0.6mm，横面1与水平面的夹角为0°。(f) Print ahorizontal surface 1 on the upper end surface of thetruss support block 2, the wall thickness of thehorizontal surface 1 is 0.6 mm, and the angle between thehorizontal surface 1 and the horizontal plane is 0°.

该支撑结构的重量仅为实体支撑的18％，占用零件内部体积为实体支撑的18％。所述实体支撑是指在横面、竖面之间形成的可以通过3D打印形成的完全实体三角支撑。The weight of the support structure is only 18% of the solid support, and the internal volume of the part is 18% of the solid support. The solid support refers to a complete solid triangular support formed between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane that can be formed by 3D printing.

实施例2-2Example 2-2

(a)打印竖面5，竖面5与水平面的夹角为85°。(a) Print thevertical plane 5, and the angle between thevertical plane 5 and the horizontal plane is 85°.

(b)从所述竖面5的一侧打印二级支撑架4，二级支撑架4与水平面的夹角为50°，二级支撑架4的整个侧面与竖面5相连。(b) Print thesecondary support frame 4 from one side of thevertical surface 5 , the angle between thesecondary support frame 4 and the horizontal plane is 50°, and the entire side of thesecondary support frame 4 is connected to thevertical surface 5 .

(c)从所述二级支撑架4的上端面打印中间级支撑架6，二级支撑架4的上端面与中间级支撑架6的下端面形状一致且完全重合；中间级支撑架6的每个支柱与水平面的夹角为50°。(c) print theintermediate support frame 6 from the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4, the upper end surface of thesecondary support frame 4 is consistent with the lower end surface shape of theintermediate support frame 6 and completely overlaps; theintermediate support frame 6 The angle between each pillar and the horizontal plane is 50°.

(d)从中间级支撑架6的每个支柱的上端面打印一级支撑架3；中间级支撑架6的每个支柱的上端面与一级支撑架3的下端面形状一致且完全重合；一级支撑架3的每个柱子与水平面的夹角为50°。(d) print the first-level support frame 3 from the upper end surface of each pillar of the intermediate-level support frame 6; the upper end surface of each pillar of the intermediate-level support frame 6 is consistent with and completely coincides with the lower end surface of the first-level support frame 3; The angle between each column of theprimary support frame 3 and the horizontal plane is 50°.

(e)从所述一级支撑架3的每个柱子的上端面打印棱台支撑块2；一级支撑架3的每个柱子的上端面与棱台支撑块2的下端面形状一致且完全重合；棱台支撑块2的上端面和下端面为正方形，所述上端面的边长为5mm，所述下端面的边长为1mm；所述棱台支撑块2的侧面与水平面的夹角50°。(e) print theprism support block 2 from the upper end face of each column of theprimary support frame 3; coincide; the upper end surface and the lower end surface of theprism support block 2 are square, the side length of the upper end surface is 5mm, and the side length of the lower end surface is 1mm; 50°.

(f)在所述棱台支撑块2的上端面打印横面1，横面1的壁厚为0.6mm，横面1与水平面的夹角5°。(f) Print ahorizontal surface 1 on the upper end surface of thetruss support block 2, the wall thickness of thehorizontal surface 1 is 0.6mm, and the angle between thehorizontal surface 1 and the horizontal plane is 5°.

该支撑结构的重量仅为实体支撑的19.2％，占用零件内部体积为实体支撑的19.2％。所述实体支撑是指在横面、竖面之间形成的可以通过3D打印形成的完全实体三角支撑。The weight of the support structure is only 19.2% of the solid support, and the internal volume of the part is 19.2% of the solid support. The solid support refers to a complete solid triangular support formed between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane that can be formed by 3D printing.

以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.