CN116016132A - Active-active data center system, disaster recovery method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本申请涉及数据备份技术领域，具体涉及一种双活数据中心系统、灾备方法及装置。The present application relates to the technical field of data backup, in particular to an active-active data center system, a disaster recovery method and a device.
背景技术Background technique
按照对外业务发布方式来看，现有的双活数据中心技术可分为两种，一种基于域名解析系统DNS的双活方案，一种基于IP地址的双活方案。According to the method of external business release, the existing active-active data center technology can be divided into two types, one is based on the DNS of the domain name resolution system, and the other is based on the IP address.
基于DNS的双活方案，一般在两中心部署全局负载均衡GSLB。GSLB在客户端发起基于域名的网络请求时，通过探测客户端距离数据中心的网络距离，为不同的客户端返回就近某数据中心的业务IP地址，从而实现全局网络流量的均衡。但其存在诸多限制，例如发布应用必须支持DNS，无法适用于老旧系统无法改造、或不支持DNS的情况；同时该种方案还存在单中心灾难发生时，该中心承载的用户需较长时间恢复业务等问题，即处理效率较低。In the DNS-based active-active solution, the global load balancing GSLB is generally deployed in two centers. When a client initiates a domain name-based network request, GSLB detects the network distance between the client and the data center, and returns the service IP address of a nearby data center for different clients, thereby achieving global network traffic balance. However, it has many limitations. For example, publishing applications must support DNS, which cannot be applied to situations where the old system cannot be modified or does not support DNS. At the same time, when a single-center disaster occurs, it will take a long time for the users hosted by the center to Problems such as business restoration, that is, the processing efficiency is low.
基于IP地址实现的方案，主要是通过主备业务IP方式或不同业务IP实现。其中，主备IP方式即在A中心发布主IP地址，B中心降低该IP路由的优先级或暂不发布，当A中心故障，B中心接管业务。但基于主备IP的方案为伪双活实现方式，该方式导致备中心资源一定程度的闲置，整体资源利用率低。同时若主中心故障，切换备中心时所有用户需断网，影响较大。The solution based on IP address is mainly realized through the main and standby service IP mode or different service IP. Among them, the active/standby IP mode is to publish the main IP address in the A center, and the B center lowers the priority of the IP route or does not publish it temporarily. When the A center fails, the B center takes over the business. However, the scheme based on active and standby IPs is a pseudo active-active implementation, which leads to a certain degree of idle resources in the standby center and low overall resource utilization. At the same time, if the main center fails, all users will be disconnected from the network when switching to the backup center, which will have a greater impact.
不同IP方式即在A、B两中心针对同一业务发布不同的IP地址，通过人工划分网络接入区域，从而实现网络流量的均衡分布。基于IP地址的方案，则适用性广，且能快速恢复。由于需要人工划定接入区域，因此当某中心故障时，该中心承载的所有接入区域都将无法访问业务，无法自动修复。Different IP methods mean that two centers A and B issue different IP addresses for the same service, and manually divide the network access area to achieve a balanced distribution of network traffic. The solution based on IP address has wide applicability and can recover quickly. Since access areas need to be manually defined, when a center fails, all access areas hosted by the center will not be able to access services and cannot be automatically repaired.
由此可见，现有的双活方案存在灾备效率低、资源利用率低等问题，因此急需一种适用性更广、业务影响小的双活方案。It can be seen that the existing active-active solution has problems such as low disaster recovery efficiency and low resource utilization rate. Therefore, an active-active solution with wider applicability and less business impact is urgently needed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题的至少其一，本身请提供一种双活数据中心系统、灾备方法及装置。In order to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned prior art, please provide a dual-active data center system, disaster recovery method and device.
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统，包括第一数据中心和第二数据中心；According to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a dual-active data center system, including a first data center and a second data center;
所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心通过各自的出口链路同时对外提供业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外提供的业务相同，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同，以使客户端通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心；The first data center and the second data center simultaneously provide external services through their respective egress links, the services provided by the first data center and the second data center are the same, and for the same service, the The service IP addresses released by the first data center and the second data center are the same, so that the client accesses the first data center or the second data center through the service IP address of the service to be processed;
所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心之间部署有一同步链路，用于使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心的数据实时同步以保持一致。A synchronization link is deployed between the first data center and the second data center for synchronizing the data of the first data center and the second data center in real time to maintain consistency.
在一实施例中，当所述第一数据中心故障，所述第二数据中心及其出口链路正常运行时，所述第一数据中心发布的路由自动失效，通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。In one embodiment, when the first data center fails and the second data center and its egress link operate normally, the route advertised by the first data center will automatically fail, and the dynamic routing technology will The client in the first data center automatically switches to the second data center to continue handling business.
在一实施例中，当所述第一数据中心的出口链路故障，所述第二数据中心及其出口链路正常运行时，所述第一数据中心发布的路由自动失效，通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。In one embodiment, when the egress link of the first data center fails and the second data center and its egress link operate normally, the route advertised by the first data center automatically fails, and the dynamic routing technology The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business.
在一实施例中，当所述同步链路故障，所述第一数据中心及其出口链路、所述第二数据中心及其出口链路均正常运行时，按照预设策略关闭其中一个数据中心，并通过动态路由技术将正在访问被关闭的数据中心的客户端自行切换至未被关闭的数据中心继续办理业务。In one embodiment, when the synchronization link fails and the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link are all operating normally, one of the data centers will be shut down according to a preset strategy. Center, and use dynamic routing technology to switch the client accessing the closed data center to the non-closed data center to continue to handle business.
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统的灾备方法，应用于本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统，包括：According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a disaster recovery method for an active-active data center system, which is applied to any active-active data center system provided in this application, including:
实时探测第一数据中心及其出口链路、第二数据中心及其出口链路以及同步链路是否存在故障；Detect in real time whether the first data center and its exit link, the second data center and its exit link, and the synchronization link are faulty;
若不存在故障，则使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心同时对外提供业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外提供的业务相同，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同，以使客户端通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心；If there is no fault, make the first data center and the second data center provide external services at the same time, the services provided by the first data center and the second data center are the same, and for the same service, the The service IP addresses released by the first data center and the second data center are the same, so that the client accesses the first data center or the second data center through the service IP address of the business to be processed;
若存在故障，则根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务。If there is a failure, the service will be provided externally according to the preset disaster recovery plan.
在一实施例中，若故障为第一数据中心故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, if the failure is the failure of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, the service is provided externally according to the preset disaster recovery plan, including:
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
在一实施例中，若故障为第一数据中心的出口链路故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, if the failure is the failure of the egress link of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, services are provided externally according to a preset disaster recovery plan, including:
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
在一实施例中，若故障为同步链路故障，所述第一数据中心及其出口链路、所述第二数据中心及其出口链路均正常运行，则根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, if the failure is a synchronous link failure, and the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link are all operating normally, then the external Provide services, including:
按照预设策略关闭其中一个数据中心，并通过动态路由技术将正在访问被关闭的数据中心的客户端自行切换至未被关闭的数据中心继续办理业务。Close one of the data centers according to the preset policy, and use dynamic routing technology to switch the client accessing the closed data center to the non-closed data center to continue to handle business.
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统的灾备装置，应用于本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统，包括：According to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a disaster recovery device for an active-active data center system, which is applied to any active-active data center system provided in this application, including:
故障探测模块，用于实时探测第一数据中心及其出口链路、第二数据中心及其出口链路以及同步链路是否存在故障；A fault detection module, configured to detect in real time whether there is a fault in the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link, and the synchronization link;
灾备模块，用于当存在故障时，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务；以及当不存在故障时，使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心同时对外提供业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外提供的业务相同，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同，以使客户端通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心。The disaster recovery module is used to provide external services according to a preset disaster recovery plan when there is a fault; and when there is no fault, make the first data center and the second data center provide external services at the same time, the The services provided by the first data center and the second data center are the same, and for the same service, the service IP addresses released by the first data center and the second data center are the same, so that the client can pass the pending The service IP address of the service accesses the first data center or the second data center.
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，本申请提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统的灾备方法。According to the fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, and the computer program is implemented when the processor executes the computer program. The disaster recovery method of any active-active data center system provided by this application.
根据本申请实施例的第五方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统的灾备方法。According to the fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any active-active system provided by the present application is implemented. Disaster recovery methods for data center systems.
本申请的双活数据中心系统基于IP业务进行网络设计部署，适用性高，兼容各类业务应用，且系统中的两个数据中心同时承载业务，资源利用率得到提高；由于两个数据中心承载的业务相同，且通过同步链路实时同步数据，因此当一个数据中心故障时客户端可快速切换至另一数据中心继续办理业务，无需人工干预，且切换过程用户无感，用户体验得到提高。The active-active data center system of this application carries out network design and deployment based on IP services, has high applicability and is compatible with various business applications, and the two data centers in the system carry services at the same time, and the resource utilization rate is improved; since the two data centers carry The business is the same, and the data is synchronized in real time through the synchronization link, so when one data center fails, the client can quickly switch to another data center to continue to handle business without manual intervention, and the switching process is user-insensitive, and the user experience is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中：In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work. In the attached picture:
图1为本申请提供的双活数据中心系统的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active-active data center system provided by the present application.
图2至图4为本申请提供的双活数据中心系统的灾备切换机制的示意图。2 to 4 are schematic diagrams of the disaster recovery switching mechanism of the active-active data center system provided by the present application.
图5为本申请提供的双活数据中心系统的灾备方法的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a disaster recovery method for an active-active data center system provided by the present application.
图6为本申请提供的双活数据中心系统的灾备装置的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the disaster recovery device of the active-active data center system provided by the present application.
图7为本申请提供的一种计算机设备的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided by the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图对本发明实施例做进一步详细说明。在此，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
需要说明的是，本申请的双活数据中心系统、灾备方法及装置可用于数据备份技术领域，也可用于除数据备份技术领域之外的任意领域，本申请对双活数据中心系统、灾备方法及装置的应用领域不做限定。It should be noted that the active-active data center system, disaster recovery method and device of this application can be used in the technical field of data backup, and can also be used in any field other than the technical field of data backup. The application fields of the preparation method and the device are not limited.
本申请中技术方案中对数据的获取、存储、使用、处理等均符合国家法律法规的相关规定。The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，如图1所示，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统，包括第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B；According to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1 , the present application provides an active-active data center system, including a first data center A and a second data center B;
其中，第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B同时承载多个双活业务。为简化描述，这里不对第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B所提供业务的内部逻辑进行展开，而是将其简化为应用端和数据库端进行描述。Wherein, the first data center A and the second data center B carry multiple active-active services at the same time. To simplify the description, the internal logic of the services provided by the first data center A and the second data center B will not be expanded here, but will be simplified as the application side and the database side for description.
例如，第一数据中心A包括存储模块A1、数据库A2、应用模块A3以及出口路由A4，出口路由A4与第一数据中心的出口链路A5连接。第一数据中心A通过应用模块A3对外提供多种业务，这里使用S业务、F业务、E业务等代指，具体的业务类型由业务发布者确定，本申请对此不进行限定。以S业务为例，当第一数据中心A需要对外提供S业务时，应用模块A3提供S业务的业务IP地址，然后通过动态路由将S业务的业务IP地址发布到第一数据中心A的出口路由上。For example, the first data center A includes a storage module A1, a database A2, an application module A3, and an egress route A4, and the egress route A4 is connected to the egress link A5 of the first data center. The first data center A provides a variety of services through the application module A3. Here, S service, F service, E service, etc. are used to refer to it. The specific service type is determined by the service issuer, and this application does not limit it. Taking the S service as an example, when the first data center A needs to provide the S service to the outside world, the application module A3 provides the service IP address of the S service, and then publishes the service IP address of the S service to the exit of the first data center A through dynamic routing on the route.
与第一数据中心A的结构类似，第二数据中心B包括存储模块B1、数据库B2、应用模块B3以及出口路由B4，出口路由B4与第二数据中心的出口链路B5连接。第二数据中心B通过应用模块B3对外提供多种业务，具体为应用模块B3提供待发布业务的业务IP地址，然后通过动态路由将待发布业务的业务IP地址发布到第二数据中心B的出口路由上。Similar to the structure of the first data center A, the second data center B includes a storage module B1, a database B2, an application module B3, and an egress route B4, and the egress route B4 is connected to the egress link B5 of the second data center. The second data center B provides a variety of services externally through the application module B3. Specifically, the application module B3 provides the service IP address of the service to be released, and then publishes the service IP address of the service to be released to the exit of the second data center B through dynamic routing on the route.
第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B通过出口链路和互联网/专网联系客户端，通过动态路由对外发布业务，客户端通过动态路由访问第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B。The first data center A and the second data center B contact the client through the egress link and the Internet/private network, publish services through dynamic routing, and the client accesses the first data center A and the second data center B through dynamic routing.
本申请的双活数据中心系统中，第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B是同时承载业务的，也即第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B可同时被客户端访问，同时对外提供业务。与现有技术中当其中一个数据中心故障时再切换至另一个数据中心的技术方案，本申请的双活数据中心系统避免了备用的数据中心闲置，提高了系统整体的资源利用率。In the active-active data center system of this application, the first data center A and the second data center B carry services at the same time, that is, the first data center A and the second data center B can be accessed by clients at the same time, and at the same time provide business. Compared with the technical solution of switching to another data center when one of the data centers fails in the prior art, the active-active data center system of the present application prevents the standby data center from being idle, and improves the overall resource utilization of the system.
同时，第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B对外提供的业务是一致的，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同。例如，当第一数据中心A对外发布的业务为S业务、F业务和E业务时，第二数据中心B同样对外发布S业务、F业务和E业务；针对同一业务，例如S业务，假设第一数据中心A的应用模块A3针对S业务设置的业务IP地址为x.x.x.1，则第二数据中心B的应用模块B3针对S业务设置的业务IP地址为x.x.x.1，其中，以上两个业务IP地址中的“x.x.x”相同。如此设置，对客户端而言，其仅需要知道业务IP地址为x.x.x.1即可办理S业务，至于是访问第一数据中心还是访问第二数据中心则无需关注。At the same time, the services provided by the first data center A and the second data center B are consistent, and for the same service, the service IP addresses released by the first data center and the second data center are the same. For example, when the services released by the first data center A are S services, F services, and E services, the second data center B also releases S services, F services, and E services; for the same service, such as S services, assuming the first The service IP address set by the application module A3 of the first data center A for the S service is x.x.x.1, and the service IP address set by the application module B3 of the second data center B for the S service is x.x.x.1, wherein the above two service IP addresses "x.x.x" in the same. With this setting, for the client, it only needs to know that the service IP address is x.x.x.1 to handle the S service, and it does not need to pay attention to whether it is accessing the first data center or the second data center.
由于第一数据中心和第二数据中心同时承载业务，且其承载的业务相同，因此客户端可通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心办理业务。Since the first data center and the second data center carry services at the same time, and the services they carry are the same, the client can access the first data center or the second data center to handle services through the service IP address of the service to be processed.
当第一数据中心和第二数据中心均正常运行时，客户端可按照预设的接入策略接入其中一个数据中心办理业务，例如通过动态路由随机接入其中一个数据中心，或按照数据中心预设的访问流量控制策略接入其中一个数据中心，或按照预设的路由策略接入其中一个数据中心。其中，路由策略例如默认选择两者中链路开销较小(即网络距离最优)的数据中心所发布的业务IP地址作为有效路由，将两者中链路开销较大的数据中心所发布的业务IP地址作为次优路由。例如，假设客户端a到第一数据中心A的网络距离更短，客户端b到第二数据中心B的网络距离更短，则当第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B均正常对外提供业务时，客户端a优先通过访问第一数据中心A办理相关业务，客户端b优先通过访问第二数据中心B办理相关业务。When both the first data center and the second data center are operating normally, the client can access one of the data centers according to the preset access policy to handle business, for example, randomly access one of the data centers through dynamic routing, or follow the data center Access to one of the data centers according to the preset access flow control policy, or access to one of the data centers according to the preset routing policy. Among them, the routing strategy, for example, selects the service IP address issued by the data center with the smaller link cost (that is, the best network distance) as the effective route by default, and uses the service IP address issued by the data center with the larger link cost among the two by default. The service IP address is used as the suboptimal route. For example, assuming that the network distance from client a to the first data center A is shorter, and the network distance from client b to the second data center B is shorter, then when both the first data center A and the second data center B provide When doing business, client a preferentially handles related business by accessing the first data center A, and client b preferentially handles related business by accessing the second data center B.
以上示例仅作说明只用，并不意味着客户端a只能访问第一数据中心A，也即存在“客户端a今天通过访问第一数据中心A办理S业务，明天通过访问第二数据中心B办理S业务”的可能，客户端b同理。这就涉及到数据一致性的问题，本申请则是通过部署同步链路的方式保证客户端在第一数据中心和第二数据中心办理业务时的数据一致性，即如图1所示，同步链路C部署于第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B之间，用于使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心的数据实时同步以保持一致。例如通过数据同步链路使得存储模块A1和存储模块B1的数据同步、数据库A2与数据库B2的数据同步、应用模块A3与应用模块B3的数据同步。The above example is for illustration only, and it does not mean that client a can only access the first data center A, that is, there is "client a accesses the first data center A to handle S business today, and tomorrow accesses the second data center The possibility that B handles S business" is the same for client b. This involves the issue of data consistency. This application is to ensure the data consistency when the client handles business in the first data center and the second data center by deploying a synchronization link, that is, as shown in Figure 1, the synchronization The link C is deployed between the first data center A and the second data center B, and is used to synchronize the data of the first data center and the second data center in real time to maintain consistency. For example, the data of the storage module A1 and the storage module B1 are synchronized, the data of the database A2 and the database B2 are synchronized, and the data of the application module A3 and the application module B3 are synchronized through the data synchronization link.
例如，客户端a通过访问第一数据中心A办理S业务，产生了业务数据s；第一数据中心A通过同步链路C将业务数据s同步到第二数据中心B。这样保证了两个数据中心的数据时刻保持一致。For example, client a accesses the first data center A to process S business and generates business data s; the first data center A synchronizes the business data s to the second data center B through the synchronization link C. This ensures that the data in the two data centers is always consistent.
本申请的双活数据中心系统的两个数据中心同时对外提供业务，提高了资源利用率；两个数据中心提供的业务相同，因此，客户端可访问其中任一数据中心办理相关业务；两个数据中心之间通过同步链路实现数据同步，保证数据一致性。The two data centers of the active-active data center system of this application provide services to the outside world at the same time, which improves resource utilization; the services provided by the two data centers are the same, so the client can visit any one of the data centers to handle related services; Data synchronization is achieved between data centers through synchronization links to ensure data consistency.
相比于现有的基于DNS的双活方案，本申请采用IP地址发布业务，适用性广、恢复速度快；相比于现有的基于IP地址的伪双活方案，本申请的两个数据中心同时对外提供业务，真正做到了“双活”；相比于基于两中心不同IP的双活方案，本申请无需人工划定客户端接入区域，客户可通过预设的接入策略，访问其中任一数据中心，灾备能力好。Compared with the existing DNS-based active-active solution, this application adopts IP address publishing service, which has wide applicability and fast recovery speed; compared with the existing pseudo-active-active solution based on IP address, the two data of this application The center provides services to the outside world at the same time, which truly achieves "dual-active"; compared with the active-active solution based on the different IPs of the two centers, this application does not need to manually delineate the client access area, and customers can use the preset access strategy to access Any of the data centers has good disaster recovery capability.
以上为对本申请的双活数据中心系统的结构的说明。接下来将对该双活数据中心的运行机制进行说明。The above is the description of the structure of the active-active data center system of the present application. Next, the operating mechanism of the active-active data center will be described.
首先，当第一数据中心和第二数据中心均正常运行时，两个数据中心同时对外发布相同的业务IP地址，通过动态路由各客户端都能收到两个数据中心发布的业务IP地址。根据动态路由原理，双活数据中心系统自动为客户端选择其中链路开销小(即网络距离优)的一个数据中心所发布的IP作为有效路由，而将其中开销大的数据中心发布的IP作为次优路由。假设客户端a到第一数据中心A的网络距离更短，客户端b到第二数据中心B的网络距离更短，则当第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B均正常对外提供业务时，客户端a优先通过访问第一数据中心A办理相关业务，客户端b优先通过访问第二数据中心B办理相关业务，该种情况的示意可参见图1，其中Dst即目的地址，Nh指下一跳，带“*”的目的地址为生效路由，客户端与数据中心之间的双向箭头表示网络访问流。First, when both the first data center and the second data center are in normal operation, the two data centers publish the same service IP address to the outside world at the same time, and each client can receive the service IP address issued by the two data centers through dynamic routing. According to the principle of dynamic routing, the active-active data center system automatically selects the IP issued by a data center with a small link cost (that is, the best network distance) for the client as an effective route, and uses the IP issued by a data center with a large cost as the effective route. Suboptimal routing. Assuming that the network distance from client a to the first data center A is shorter, and the network distance from client b to the second data center B is shorter, when both the first data center A and the second data center B provide services normally , Client a preferentially handles related business by accessing the first data center A, and client b preferentially handles related business by accessing the second data center B. The schematic diagram of this situation can be seen in Figure 1, where Dst is the destination address, and Nh refers to the next One hop, the destination address with "*" is the effective route, and the double-headed arrow between the client and the data center indicates the network access flow.
而当双活数据中心系统出现故障时，该双活数据中心系统的两个数据中心互为灾备。本申请以以下三种故障情况为例进行说明。When the active-active data center system fails, the two data centers of the active-active data center system serve as disaster recovery for each other. This application takes the following three failure situations as examples for illustration.
故障情况一：其中一个数据中心故障。Failure scenario 1: One of the data centers fails.
对于该种故障情况，参见图2，假设第一数据中心A突发灾难级故障，彻底不可用，第二数据中心B及其出口链路均正常运行。此时，原来连接第一数据中心A的客户端a通过动态路由发现第一数据中心A这一网络节点失效，其发布的业务IP地址也自动失效，此时第二数据中心B发布的次优路由将生效。因此，客户端a继续访问第二数据中心B，由于第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B的数据完全同步，因此，客户端a将无感切换到第二数据中心B继续访问业务(参见图2中客户端a的网络访问流的变化)，而原本访问第二数据中心B的客户端b的路由不变。For this kind of failure situation, see Figure 2, assuming that the first data center A has a sudden disaster-level failure and is completely unavailable, and the second data center B and its egress links are operating normally. At this time, the client a originally connected to the first data center A finds that the network node of the first data center A is invalid through dynamic routing, and the service IP address issued by it also automatically becomes invalid. Routing will take effect. Therefore, client a continues to access the second data center B. Since the data of the first data center A and the second data center B are completely synchronized, client a will switch to the second data center B without feeling to continue accessing services (see In Fig. 2, the network access flow of client a changes), while the route of client b originally accessing the second data center B remains unchanged.
故障情况二：其中一个数据中心的出口链路故障。Fault condition 2: The egress link of one of the data centers fails.
对于该种故障情况，参见图3，假设第一数据中心A的出口链路故障，第二数据中心B及其出口链路均正常运行。此时，原来连接第一数据中心A的客户端a通过动态路由发现第一数据中心A这一网络节点失效，其发布的业务IP地址也自动失效，此时对于客户端a而言，第二数据中心B发布的次优路由将生效。因此，客户端a继续访问第二数据中心B，由于第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B的数据完全同步，因此，客户端a将无感切换到第二数据中心B继续访问业务(参见图3中客户端a的网络访问流的变化)，而原本访问第二数据中心B的客户端b的路由不变。For this failure situation, referring to FIG. 3 , it is assumed that the egress link of the first data center A fails, and the second data center B and its egress link are both in normal operation. At this time, the client a originally connected to the first data center A discovers that the network node of the first data center A is invalid through dynamic routing, and the service IP address issued by it is automatically invalidated. At this time, for the client a, the second The suboptimal route advertised by data center B will take effect. Therefore, client a continues to access the second data center B. Since the data of the first data center A and the second data center B are completely synchronized, client a will switch to the second data center B without feeling to continue accessing services (see In Fig. 3, the network access flow of client a changes), while the route of client b originally accessing the second data center B remains unchanged.
故障情况三，同步链路故障。The third fault condition is that the synchronization link is faulty.
对于该种故障情况，参见图4，当同步链路C故障，第一数据中心A及其出口链路、所述第二数据中心B及其出口链路均正常运行时，按照预设策略关闭其中一个数据中心，并通过动态路由技术将正在访问被关闭的数据中心的客户端自行切换至未被关闭的数据中心继续办理业务。例如，假设关闭第二数据中心B。此时，第二数据中心B的出口路由因业务IP地址关闭，将撤销该路由的发布，原来连接第二数据中心B的客户端b通过动态路由发现第二数据中心B这一网络节点失效，其发布的业务IP地址也自动失效，此时对于客户端b而言，第一数据中心A发布的次优路由将生效。因此，客户端b继续访问第一数据中心A，由于第一数据中心A和第二数据中心B的数据完全同步，因此，客户端b将无感切换到第一数据中心A继续访问业务(参见图4中客户端b的网络访问流的变化)，而原本访问第一数据中心A的客户端a的路由不变。For this kind of failure situation, see Figure 4, when the synchronization link C fails, the first data center A and its egress link, the second data center B and its egress link are all operating normally, shut down according to the preset policy One of the data centers, and through dynamic routing technology, the clients who are accessing the closed data center are automatically switched to the non-closed data center to continue to handle business. For example, assume that the second data center B is shut down. At this time, the export route of the second data center B is closed due to the business IP address, and the release of the route will be revoked. The client b originally connected to the second data center B finds that the network node of the second data center B is invalid through dynamic routing. The service IP address issued by it will also automatically become invalid. At this time, for client b, the suboptimal route issued by the first data center A will take effect. Therefore, client b continues to access the first data center A. Since the data of the first data center A and the second data center B are completely synchronized, client b will switch to the first data center A without feeling to continue accessing services (see In Fig. 4, the network access flow of client b changes), while the route of client a originally accessing the first data center A remains unchanged.
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统的灾备方法，应用于本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统，如图5所示，该方法包括：According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a disaster recovery method for an active-active data center system, which is applied to any active-active data center system provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 5 , the method includes:
步骤S101，实时探测第一数据中心及其出口链路、第二数据中心及其出口链路以及同步链路的状态；Step S101, detecting the status of the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link, and the synchronization link in real time;
步骤S102，判断是否存在故障状态；若否，执行步骤S103，若是，执行步骤S104；Step S102, judge whether there is a fault state; if not, execute step S103, if yes, execute step S104;
步骤S103，使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心同时对外提供业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外提供的业务相同，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同，以使客户端通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心；Step S103, enabling the first data center and the second data center to provide external services at the same time, the services provided by the first data center and the second data center are the same, and for the same service, the first The service IP addresses released by the data center and the second data center are the same, so that the client accesses the first data center or the second data center through the service IP address of the service to be processed;
步骤S104，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务。Step S104, providing external services according to the preset disaster recovery plan.
本实施例的双活数据中心系统的灾备方法应用于本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统，其中涉及的第一数据中心、第二数据中心、同步链路等均可参见图1及其对应的说明即可，此处不再赘述。The disaster recovery method of the active-active data center system in this embodiment is applied to any active-active data center system provided by this application, and the first data center, the second data center, and the synchronization link involved in it can be referred to in Figure 1 and its The corresponding description is sufficient, and will not be repeated here.
在一实施例中，所述故障为第一数据中心故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则步骤S104，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, the failure is the failure of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, then step S104, providing external services according to the preset disaster recovery plan, includes:
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
本实施例与图2及其相关说明对应，相互参见实施即可，重复之处不再赘述。This embodiment corresponds to FIG. 2 and its related descriptions, and it only needs to refer to each other for implementation, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
在一实施例中，所述故障为第一数据中心的出口链路故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则步骤S104，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, the failure is the failure of the egress link of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, then step S104, providing external services according to the preset disaster recovery plan, includes:
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
本实施例与图3及其相关说明对应，相互参见实施即可，重复之处不再赘述。This embodiment corresponds to FIG. 3 and its related descriptions, and it only needs to refer to each other for implementation, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
在一实施例中，所述故障为同步链路故障，所述第一数据中心及其出口链路、所述第二数据中心及其出口链路均正常运行，则步骤S104，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务，包括：In one embodiment, the failure is a synchronous link failure, and the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link are all running normally, then step S104, according to the preset The disaster recovery plan provides external services, including:
按照预设策略关闭其中一个数据中心，并通过动态路由技术将正在访问被关闭的数据中心的客户端自行切换至未被关闭的数据中心继续办理业务。Close one of the data centers according to the preset policy, and use dynamic routing technology to switch the client accessing the closed data center to the non-closed data center to continue to handle business.
本实施例与图4及其相关说明对应，相互参见实施即可，重复之处不再赘述。This embodiment corresponds to FIG. 4 and its related descriptions, and it only needs to refer to each other for implementation, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
本申请的双活数据中心系统基于IP业务进行网络设计部署，适用性高，兼容各类业务应用，且系统中的两个数据中心同时承载业务，资源利用率得到提高；由于两个数据中心承载的业务相同，且通过同步链路实时同步数据，因此当一个数据中心故障时客户端可快速切换至另一数据中心继续办理业务，无需人工干预，且切换过程用户无感，用户体验得到提高。The active-active data center system of this application carries out network design and deployment based on IP services, has high applicability and is compatible with various business applications, and the two data centers in the system carry services at the same time, and the resource utilization rate is improved; since the two data centers carry The business is the same, and the data is synchronized in real time through the synchronization link, so when one data center fails, the client can quickly switch to another data center to continue to handle business without manual intervention, and the switching process is user-insensitive, and the user experience is improved.
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供了双活数据中心的灾备装置，可以用于实现上述实施例所描述的方法，如下面的实施例所述。由于双活数据中心的灾备装置解决问题的原理与双活数据中心的灾备方法相似，因此双活数据中心的灾备装置的实施可以参见双活数据中心的灾备方法的实施，重复之处不再赘述。以下所使用的，术语“单元”或者“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的系统较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a disaster recovery device for an active-active data center, which can be used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments, as described in the following embodiments. Since the problem-solving principle of the disaster recovery device in the active-active data center is similar to the disaster recovery method in the active-active data center, the implementation of the disaster recovery device in the active-active data center can refer to the implementation of the disaster recovery method in the active-active data center, and repeat I won't repeat them here. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that realizes a predetermined function. Although the systems described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware are also possible and contemplated.
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，本申请提供一种双活数据中心系统的灾备装置，应用于本申请提供的任一双活数据中心系统，如图6所示，该装置包括：According to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a disaster recovery device for the active-active data center system, which is applied to any active-active data center system provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the device includes:
故障探测模块201，用于实时探测第一数据中心及其出口链路、第二数据中心及其出口链路以及同步链路是否存在故障；A
灾备模块202，用于当存在故障时，根据预设的灾备方案对外提供业务；以及当不存在故障时，使所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心同时对外提供业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外提供的业务相同，且针对同一业务，所述第一数据中心和所述第二数据中心对外发布的业务IP地址相同，以使客户端通过待办理业务的业务IP地址访问所述第一数据中心或所述第二数据中心。The
在一实施例中，所述故障为第一数据中心故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则灾备模块202具体用于：In one embodiment, the failure is a failure of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, then the
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
在一实施例中，所述故障为第一数据中心的出口链路故障，第二数据中心及其出口链路正常，则灾备模块202具体用于：In one embodiment, the failure is the failure of the egress link of the first data center, and the second data center and its egress link are normal, then the
通过动态路由技术将正在访问所述第一数据中心的客户端自行切换至所述第二数据中心继续办理业务。The client that is visiting the first data center is automatically switched to the second data center to continue handling business through dynamic routing technology.
在一实施例中，所述故障为同步链路故障，所述第一数据中心及其出口链路、所述第二数据中心及其出口链路均正常运行，则灾备模块202具体用于：In one embodiment, the failure is a synchronous link failure, and the first data center and its egress link, the second data center and its egress link are all operating normally, then the
按照预设策略关闭其中一个数据中心，并通过动态路由技术将正在访问被关闭的数据中心的客户端自行切换至未被关闭的数据中心继续办理业务。Close one of the data centers according to the preset policy, and use dynamic routing technology to switch the client accessing the closed data center to the non-closed data center to continue to handle business.
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，本申请还提供一种计算机设备，参见图7，所述电子设备100具体包括：According to the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a computer device, referring to FIG. 7 , the
中央处理器(processor)110、存储器(memory)120、通信模块(Communications)130、输入单元140、输出单元150以及电源160。A central processing unit (processor) 110 , a memory (memory) 120 , a communication module (Communications) 130 , an
其中，所述存储器(memory)120、通信模块(Communications)130、输入单元140、输出单元150以及电源160分别与所述中央处理器(processor)110相连接。所述存储器120中存储有计算机程序，所述中央处理器110可调用所述计算机程序，所述中央处理器110执行所述计算机程序时实现上述实施例中的双活数据中心系统的灾备方法中的全部步骤。Wherein, the memory (memory) 120 , the communication module (Communications) 130 , the
根据本申请实施例的第五方面，本申请的实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序可被处理器执行。所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本发明所提供的任一双活数据中心系统的灾备方法。According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, where the computer program can be executed by a processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the disaster recovery method for any active-active data center system provided by the present invention is realized.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Protection scope, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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