技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，具体而言，涉及一种骨支撑假体。The invention relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a bone-supporting prosthesis.
背景技术Background technique
股骨头坏死时呈顶部半月状软骨下断裂，股骨头软骨下骨小梁与软骨分离，X线片表现在骨性关节面的下方出现了2mm至4mm宽的新月形透明带，即“新月征”，又称“半月征”。新月征是位于未被修复坏死松质骨区软骨下骨板下，于骨折后再骨折线下形成的空腔，开始于股骨头外侧已修复坏死骨、未被修复坏死骨和软骨下骨板三者交界处的软骨下骨板的局灶性骨吸收，局灶性吸收在软骨下骨板产生裂隙，裂隙的产生造成在裂隙周围的应力集中，集中的应力累积在软骨下骨板和未被修复坏死松质骨交界处造成二者交界处的骨折。裂隙的产生也同时为骨髓内空隙水的外流提供了通道，在功能荷载的作用下，存在于未被修复坏死松质骨骨架内的孔隙水被逐渐挤出，引起施加在未被修复坏死松质骨骨架上有效应力増加。当有效应力超过未被修复坏死松质骨骨架的力学强度时，未被修复坏死松质骨骨架被压缩，体积减小，导致软骨下骨板的新月形空腔形成，在X线片上显示新月征。When the femoral head is necrotic, it shows a half-moon-shaped subchondral fracture at the top, and the subchondral bone trabecula of the femoral head is separated from the cartilage. The X-ray film shows that a crescent-shaped transparent zone with a width of 2mm to 4mm appears below the bony articular surface, that is, "new Moon sign", also known as "half moon sign". The crescent sign is a cavity under the subchondral bone plate in the area of unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone, formed under the fracture line after fracture, starting from the repaired necrotic bone, unrepaired necrotic bone and subchondral bone on the lateral side of the femoral head The focal bone resorption of the subchondral bone plate at the junction of the three plates, the focal absorption creates cracks in the subchondral bone plate, and the generation of cracks causes stress concentration around the crack, and the concentrated stress accumulates in the subchondral bone plate and The unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone junction caused the fracture at the junction of the two. The generation of cracks also provides a channel for the outflow of pore water in the bone marrow. Under the action of functional load, the pore water existing in the unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone skeleton is gradually squeezed out, causing the unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone The effective stress on the bone skeleton increases. When the effective stress exceeds the mechanical strength of the unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone framework, the unrepaired necrotic cancellous bone framework is compressed and its volume decreases, resulting in the formation of a crescent-shaped cavity in the subchondral bone plate, shown on X-ray films crescent sign.
新月征的出现是股骨头将要坏死塌陷的标志，这是保髋治疗的最后时机，因此把握新月征时机的治疗具有重要意义。一般针对这种情况的治疗还是以改善症状为主，尽量延长股骨头的使用寿命，延缓股骨头坏死进程，一般需要嘱咐病人尽量拄拐下地活动，减少负重，高压氧治疗，钻孔减压手术治疗。随着时间的推移，如果股骨头坏死继续加重，病人股骨头坏死，就会出现塌陷的情况，就会出现长短腿，严重的会影响髋关节的活动度，影响正常功能。The appearance of the crescent sign is a sign of necrosis and collapse of the femoral head, which is the last opportunity for hip preservation treatment, so it is of great significance to grasp the timing of the crescent sign for treatment. Generally, the treatment for this situation is mainly to improve the symptoms, prolong the service life of the femoral head as much as possible, and delay the process of femoral head necrosis. Generally, it is necessary to instruct the patient to move on the ground with crutches as much as possible, reduce the load, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, drilling and decompression surgery treat. As time goes by, if the necrosis of the femoral head continues to worsen, the patient's femoral head will collapse, resulting in long and short legs, which will seriously affect the range of motion of the hip joint and affect normal function.
骨支撑假体植入到人体骨内，以对新月征部分的骨质进行支撑，在延缓新月征区域扩展的同时，为患者自身康复重建提供机会。新月征患病区域的骨质较为疏松，当患病区域的骨质受到较大压力时，相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象，导致患病区域的骨质塌陷，使相关技术中的骨支撑假体与人体骨的连接松动，进而导致相关技术中的骨支撑假体的脱落。The bone-supported prosthesis is implanted into the human bone to support the bone of the crescent sign, and while delaying the expansion of the crescent sign area, it provides opportunities for the patient's own rehabilitation and reconstruction. The bone in the affected area of the crescent sign is relatively loose. When the bone in the affected area is under greater pressure, stress concentration is likely to occur at the junction of the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art and the looser bone in the affected area. , resulting in bone collapse in the diseased area, loosening the connection between the bone-supporting prosthesis in the related art and the human bone, and then causing the bone-supporting prosthesis in the related art to fall off.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种骨支撑假体，以解决相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象，导致患病区域的骨质塌陷的问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a bone-supported prosthesis to solve the problem of stress concentration at the junction of the bone-supported prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the affected area in the related art, resulting in bone collapse in the affected area The problem.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种骨支撑假体，包括：固定座；支撑杆，支撑杆通过弹性件与固定座可浮动地设置，支撑杆穿出于固定座，且支撑杆的支撑面凸出于固定座，弹性件向支撑杆施加朝向支撑杆的支撑面方向的弹力，以使支撑杆具有受压状态和回弹状态。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bone-supported prosthesis, including: a fixed seat; a support rod, the support rod is floatingly arranged with the fixed seat through an elastic member, the support rod passes through the fixed seat, and the support of the support rod The surface protrudes from the fixing seat, and the elastic member exerts an elastic force on the support rod toward the support surface of the support rod, so that the support rod has a compressed state and a rebound state.
进一步地，固定座包括套筒座和导向杆部，支撑杆的第一端连接在套筒座内，支撑杆的第二端穿出于套筒座，支撑面凸出于套筒座，导向杆部的第一端连接在套筒座内，导向杆部的第二端穿出于套筒座并位于支撑杆的内部，弹性件的两端分别抵接在支撑杆和导向杆部之间，支撑杆沿导向杆部的延伸方向进行浮动，支撑面为支撑杆的第二端的端面。Further, the fixed seat includes a sleeve seat and a guide rod part, the first end of the support rod is connected in the sleeve seat, the second end of the support rod passes through the sleeve seat, the support surface protrudes from the sleeve seat, and the guide The first end of the rod part is connected in the sleeve seat, the second end of the guide rod part passes through the sleeve seat and is located inside the support rod, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted between the support rod and the guide rod part , the support rod floats along the extension direction of the guide rod, and the support surface is the end surface of the second end of the support rod.
进一步地，支撑面包括多段依次连接的弧面。Further, the support surface includes a plurality of arc surfaces connected in sequence.
进一步地，支撑杆包括多个支撑瓣，多个支撑瓣围成一圈，每个支撑瓣相互独立地沿导向杆部的延伸方向浮动设置。Further, the support rod includes a plurality of support petals, the multiple support petals form a circle, and each support petal is independently floating along the extending direction of the guide rod portion.
进一步地，多个支撑瓣凸出于固定座的端面形成一一对应的多段弧面，每段弧面为扇形。Further, a plurality of support petals protrude from the end surface of the fixing seat to form a one-to-one correspondence with multiple sections of arc surfaces, and each section of arc surfaces is fan-shaped.
进一步地，支撑杆的第一端内设置有容纳弹性件的容纳槽，容纳槽贯穿支撑杆的第一端的端面。Further, a receiving groove for accommodating the elastic member is provided in the first end of the support rod, and the receiving groove runs through the end surface of the first end of the support rod.
进一步地，多个支撑瓣围成一圈以在其中间形成第一避让通孔，导向杆部的内部设置有与第一避让通孔连通的第二避让通孔。Further, a plurality of supporting petals form a circle to form a first avoidance through hole among them, and a second escape through hole communicating with the first avoidance through hole is provided inside the guide rod.
进一步地，导向杆部包括第一杆段部和外径大于第一杆段部的第二杆段部，第一杆段部和第二杆段部之间形成台阶面，第一杆段部穿设在支撑杆内，第二杆段部位于支撑杆的第一端远离支撑杆的第二端外，弹性件的两端分别抵接于支撑杆的第一端和台阶面之间。Further, the guide rod part includes a first rod segment part and a second rod segment part whose outer diameter is larger than the first rod segment part, a stepped surface is formed between the first rod segment part and the second rod segment part, and the first rod segment part The second rod section is located outside the first end of the support rod away from the second end of the support rod, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted between the first end of the support rod and the step surface.
进一步地，导向杆部的第一端连接在套筒座的第一端内，支撑杆的第一端位于导向杆部的第一端和套筒座的第二端之间，导向杆部的第二端穿出于套筒座的第二端，套筒座的第二端设置有第一止挡环，支撑杆的第一端设置有与第一止挡环止挡配合的第二止挡环。Further, the first end of the guide rod part is connected in the first end of the sleeve seat, the first end of the support rod is located between the first end of the guide rod part and the second end of the sleeve seat, and the guide rod part The second end passes through the second end of the sleeve seat, the second end of the sleeve seat is provided with a first stop ring, and the first end of the support rod is provided with a second stop that matches the stop of the first stop ring. retaining ring.
进一步地，骨支撑假体还包括与固定座的远离支撑面的一端连接的连接件，连接件上设置有凸出于固定座外侧的连接部。Further, the bone-supporting prosthesis also includes a connecting piece connected to the end of the fixing base away from the supporting surface, and the connecting piece is provided with a connecting portion protruding outside the fixing base.
应用本发明的技术方案，骨支撑假体包括：固定座以及支撑杆。支撑杆通过弹性件与固定座可浮动地设置，支撑杆穿出于固定座，且支撑杆的支撑面凸出于固定座。弹性件向支撑杆施加朝向支撑杆的支撑面方向的弹力，以使支撑杆并具有受压状态和回弹状态。固定座能够与人体骨固定连接，支撑杆能够支撑于患病区域的骨质，以延缓患病区域的扩展，为患者自身康复重建提供机会。当患病区域的骨质所受到的压力较大时，支撑杆的支撑面受到压力，弹性件被压缩并向支撑杆施加朝向支撑面方向的弹力，以使骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质能够同时受到压力并产生变形。当患病区域的骨质不受压力时，弹性件向支撑杆施加朝向支撑面方向的弹力，以使支撑杆由受压状态切换为回弹状态。弹性件的设置使得患病区域的骨质受到压力时，骨支撑假体能够与患病区域的骨质同时产生形变，以减小骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质之间的弹性模量和刚度的差异，改善患病区域的骨质的力学环境，以避免相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象的问题。因此，本申请的技术方案有效地解决了相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象，导致患病区域的骨质塌陷的问题。Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the bone-supporting prosthesis includes: a fixing seat and a supporting rod. The supporting rod is arranged floatingly through the elastic member and the fixing seat, the supporting rod passes through the fixing seat, and the supporting surface of the supporting rod protrudes from the fixing seat. The elastic member exerts an elastic force on the support rod toward the support surface of the support rod, so that the support rod has a compressed state and a rebound state. The fixing seat can be fixedly connected with the human bone, and the support rod can support the bone in the diseased area, so as to delay the expansion of the diseased area and provide opportunities for the patient's own rehabilitation and reconstruction. When the bone in the diseased area is under great pressure, the supporting surface of the supporting rod is under pressure, and the elastic member is compressed and exerts an elastic force on the supporting rod toward the supporting surface, so that the bone supporting prosthesis is in line with the diseased area. Bone can be stressed and deformed at the same time. When the bone in the diseased area is not under pressure, the elastic member exerts elastic force on the supporting rod toward the supporting surface, so that the supporting rod is switched from a compressed state to a resilient state. The setting of the elastic member makes the bone supporting prosthesis and the bone in the diseased area deform simultaneously when the bone in the diseased area is under pressure, so as to reduce the elastic modulus between the bone supporting prosthesis and the bone in the diseased area The difference in weight and stiffness can be improved to improve the mechanical environment of the bone in the affected area, so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration at the junction of the bone-supported prosthesis and the looser bone in the affected area in the related art. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem in the related art that stress concentration tends to occur at the junction of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the diseased area, resulting in bone collapse in the diseased area.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1示出了根据本发明的骨支撑假体的实施例的正视示意图；Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of an embodiment of a bone-supported prosthesis according to the present invention;
图2示出了图1的骨支撑假体的支撑杆处于受压状态时的侧视示意图；Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of the support rod of the bone-supported prosthesis in Fig. 1 when it is in a compressed state;
图3示出了图2的骨支撑假体的A-A向的剖视示意图；Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the bone-supported prosthesis in Figure 2 along the A-A direction;
图4示出了图1的骨支撑假体的分解结构示意图；Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the bone-supported prosthesis of Fig. 1;
图5示出了图1的骨支撑假体的分解结构的剖视示意图；Fig. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the exploded structure of the bone-supported prosthesis of Fig. 1;
图6示出了图1的骨支撑假体的支撑杆处于回弹状态时的剖视示意图；Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the support rod of the bone-supported prosthesis in Fig. 1 when it is in a rebound state;
图7示出了图1的骨支撑假体的支撑杆的立体结构示意图；Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support rod of the bone-supported prosthesis in Fig. 1;
图8示出了图7的骨支撑假体的支撑杆的两个相对设置的支撑瓣的立体结构示意图。FIG. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of two oppositely arranged support flaps of the support rod of the bone-supported prosthesis in FIG. 7 .
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：Wherein, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference signs:
10、固定座；11、套筒座；12、导向杆部；121、第一杆段部；122、第二杆段部；13、第二避让通孔；14、台阶面；15、第一止挡环；10. Fixed seat; 11. Sleeve seat; 12. Guide rod part; 121. First rod part; 122. Second rod part; 13. Second avoidance through hole; 14. Step surface; 15. First stop ring;
20、支撑杆；21、支撑面；22、支撑瓣；23、容纳槽；24、第一避让通孔；25、第二止挡环；20. Support rod; 21. Support surface; 22. Support flap; 23. Accommodating groove; 24. First escape hole; 25. Second stop ring;
30、连接件；31、连接部；30. Connecting piece; 31. Connecting part;
40、弹性件。40. Elastic parts.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be considered part of the Authorized Specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only, and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.
如图1至图4所示，骨支撑假体包括：固定座10以及支撑杆20。支撑杆20通过弹性件40与固定座10可浮动地设置，支撑杆20穿出于固定座10，且支撑杆20的支撑面21凸出于固定座10。弹性件40向支撑杆20施加朝向支撑杆20的支撑面21方向的弹力，以使支撑杆20并具有受压状态和回弹状态。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , the bone-supporting prosthesis includes: a fixing seat 10 and a supporting rod 20 . The supporting rod 20 is floatingly arranged with the fixing base 10 through the elastic member 40 , the supporting rod 20 passes through the fixing base 10 , and the supporting surface 21 of the supporting rod 20 protrudes from the fixing base 10 . The elastic member 40 exerts an elastic force on the support rod 20 toward the support surface 21 of the support rod 20 , so that the support rod 20 has a compressed state and a rebound state.
应用本实施例的技术方案，骨支撑假体包括：固定座10以及支撑杆20。支撑杆20通过弹性件40与固定座10可浮动地设置，支撑杆20穿出于固定座10，且支撑杆20的支撑面21凸出于固定座10。弹性件40向支撑杆20施加朝向支撑杆20的支撑面21方向的弹力，以使支撑杆20并具有受压状态和回弹状态。固定座10能够与人体骨固定连接，支撑杆20能够支撑于患病区域的骨质，以延缓患病区域的扩展，为患者自身康复重建提供机会。当患病区域的骨质所受到的压力较大时，支撑杆20的支撑面21受到压力，弹性件40被压缩并向支撑杆20施加朝向支撑面21方向的弹力，以使骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质能够同时受到压力并产生变形。当患病区域的骨质不受压力时，弹性件40向支撑杆20施加朝向支撑面21方向的弹力，以使支撑杆20由受压状态切换为回弹状态。弹性件40的设置使得患病区域的骨质受到压力时，骨支撑假体能够与患病区域的骨质同时产生形变，以减小骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质之间的弹性模量和刚度的差异，改善患病区域的骨质的力学环境，以避免相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象的问题。因此，本实施例的技术方案有效地解决了相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象，导致患病区域的骨质塌陷的问题。Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the bone-supporting prosthesis includes: a fixing seat 10 and a supporting rod 20 . The supporting rod 20 is floatingly arranged with the fixing base 10 through the elastic member 40 , the supporting rod 20 passes through the fixing base 10 , and the supporting surface 21 of the supporting rod 20 protrudes from the fixing base 10 . The elastic member 40 exerts an elastic force on the support rod 20 toward the support surface 21 of the support rod 20 , so that the support rod 20 has a compressed state and a rebound state. The fixing seat 10 can be fixedly connected with the bone of the human body, and the support rod 20 can support the bone in the diseased area, so as to delay the expansion of the diseased area and provide opportunities for the patient's self-rehabilitation and reconstruction. When the bone in the diseased area is under great pressure, the support surface 21 of the support rod 20 is under pressure, and the elastic member 40 is compressed and applies an elastic force towards the support surface 21 to the support rod 20, so that the bone supports the prosthesis The bone in the diseased area can be stressed and deformed simultaneously. When the bone in the diseased area is not under pressure, the elastic member 40 exerts an elastic force on the support rod 20 toward the support surface 21 , so that the support rod 20 switches from a compressed state to a resilient state. The setting of the elastic member 40 makes the bone supporting prosthesis and the bone in the diseased area deform simultaneously when the bone in the diseased area is under pressure, so as to reduce the elasticity between the bone supporting prosthesis and the bone in the diseased area The difference in modulus and stiffness improves the mechanical environment of the bone in the diseased area, so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration at the junction of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the diseased area in the related art. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem in the related art that stress concentration tends to occur at the junction of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the diseased area, resulting in bone collapse in the diseased area.
发明人发现，相关技术中的骨支撑假体为刚性件，使得相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的弹性模量相差较大，当患病区域的骨质受到较大压力时，相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象，导致患病区域的骨质塌陷，使相关技术中的骨支撑假体与人体骨的连接松动，进而导致相关技术中的骨支撑假体的脱落。The inventors found that the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art is a rigid part, so that the elastic modulus of the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art and the relatively loose bone in the affected area is quite different. When the bone in the affected area is affected When the pressure is high, stress concentration is likely to occur at the junction of the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art and the relatively loose bone in the affected area, resulting in bone collapse in the affected area, making the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art and The connection of human bones is loose, which in turn leads to the falling off of the bone-supported prosthesis in the related art.
应用本实施例的技术方案，在患病区域的骨质受到压力时，骨支撑假体能够与患病区域的骨质同时产生形变，减小了骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质之间的弹性模量的差异，改善了患病区域的骨质的力学环境，避免了相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处的应力集中现象的发生。Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, when the bone in the diseased area is under pressure, the bone-supporting prosthesis can deform simultaneously with the bone in the diseased area, reducing the gap between the bone-supporting prosthesis and the bone in the diseased area. The difference in elastic modulus between them improves the mechanical environment of the bone in the diseased area, and avoids the occurrence of stress concentration at the junction of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the diseased area in the related art.
如图1至图6所示，固定座10包括套筒座11和导向杆部12。套筒座11能够与人体骨固定连接，支撑面21能够支撑于患病区域的骨质。支撑杆20的第一端连接在套筒座11内，支撑杆20的第二端穿出于套筒座11，支撑面21凸出于套筒座11，以使支撑杆20的第一端能够通过套筒座11与人体骨固定连接，支撑杆20的第二端能够支撑于患病区域的骨质。导向杆部12的第一端连接在套筒座11内，导向杆部12的第二端穿出于套筒座11并位于支撑杆20的内部，以在支撑杆20浮动时起到导向的作用。弹性件40的两端分别抵接在支撑杆20和导向杆部12之间，以使支撑杆20能够相对于导向杆部12浮动并在受压状态和回弹状态之间切换。支撑杆20沿导向杆部12的延伸方向进行浮动，以使支撑杆20能够沿预设方向浮动，以使支撑杆20对患病区域的骨质的支撑更加可靠。支撑面21为支撑杆20的第二端的端面。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , the fixing base 10 includes a sleeve base 11 and a guide rod portion 12 . The sleeve seat 11 can be fixedly connected with the bones of the human body, and the support surface 21 can support the bone in the diseased area. The first end of the support rod 20 is connected in the sleeve seat 11, the second end of the support rod 20 passes through the sleeve seat 11, and the support surface 21 protrudes from the sleeve seat 11, so that the first end of the support rod 20 The sleeve seat 11 can be fixedly connected with the bone of the human body, and the second end of the support rod 20 can support the bone in the diseased area. The first end of the guide rod portion 12 is connected in the sleeve seat 11, and the second end of the guide rod portion 12 passes through the sleeve seat 11 and is positioned at the inside of the support rod 20 to play a guiding role when the support rod 20 floats. effect. Both ends of the elastic member 40 abut against the support rod 20 and the guide rod portion 12 respectively, so that the support rod 20 can float relative to the guide rod portion 12 and switch between a compressed state and a rebound state. The support rod 20 floats along the extension direction of the guide rod portion 12, so that the support rod 20 can float along a preset direction, so that the support rod 20 can more reliably support the bone in the diseased area. The support surface 21 is an end surface of the second end of the support rod 20 .
如图1至图6所示，支撑面21包括多段依次连接的弧面，以使支撑面21的形状与股骨头的外轮廓以及弧度相适配，以使支撑面21对患病区域的骨质的支撑力更加均匀，进一步地避免了相关技术中的骨支撑假体与患病区域较为疏松的骨质的交界处易产生应力集中现象的问题，进一步地提高了骨支撑假体对患病区域的骨质的支撑效果。As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the support surface 21 includes a plurality of arc surfaces connected in sequence, so that the shape of the support surface 21 is adapted to the outer contour and radian of the femoral head, so that the support surface 21 is opposite to the bone in the diseased area. The supporting force of the texture is more uniform, which further avoids the problem of stress concentration at the junction of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the relatively loose bone in the affected area in the related art, and further improves the effect of the bone-supporting prosthesis on the diseased area. The supporting effect of the bone in the area.
如图3至图8所示，支撑杆20包括多个支撑瓣22，多个支撑瓣22围成一圈设置。每个支撑瓣22相互独立地沿导向杆部12的延伸方向浮动设置。多个相互独立的支撑瓣22的设置，使得当部分支撑杆20受到压力时，相应受到压力的支撑瓣22能够浮动，且使得不受力的部分支撑瓣22能够继续对患病区域的骨质进行支撑，以使骨支撑假体对患病区域的骨质的支撑更加精准可靠。As shown in FIGS. 3 to 8 , the support rod 20 includes a plurality of support petals 22 arranged in a circle. Each support petal 22 is independently floating and arranged along the extending direction of the guide rod part 12 . The arrangement of a plurality of mutually independent supporting flaps 22 makes when part of the supporting rods 20 is under pressure, the corresponding supporting flaps 22 under pressure can float, and the unstressed part of the supporting flaps 22 can continue to support the bone in the diseased area. Support to make the bone-supported prosthesis support the bone in the diseased area more accurately and reliably.
如图3至图8所示，多个支撑瓣22凸出于固定座10的端面形成一一对应的多段弧面，以使多个支撑瓣22凸出于固定座10的端面与股骨头的外轮廓以及弧度相适配，以使支撑面21对患病区域的骨质的支撑力更加均匀。每段弧面为扇形，以便于支撑杆20的支撑面21能够围成弧面。As shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, a plurality of support petals 22 protrude from the end face of the fixed seat 10 to form a one-to-one corresponding multi-segment arc surface, so that a plurality of support petals 22 protrude from the end face of the fixed seat 10 and the femoral head. The outer contour and radian are adapted so that the supporting force of the supporting surface 21 on the bone in the diseased area is more uniform. Each section of the arc is fan-shaped, so that the support surface 21 of the support rod 20 can be surrounded by an arc.
如图1至图6所示，支撑杆20的第一端内设置有容纳弹性件40的容纳槽23，容纳槽23贯穿支撑杆20的第一端的端面。容纳槽23的设置便于弹性件40的设置，并且使得弹性件40能够沿容纳槽23的方向伸缩，以使弹性件40驱动支撑杆20浮动时更加稳定，提高了支撑杆20浮动时的可靠性。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , a receiving groove 23 for accommodating the elastic member 40 is disposed in the first end of the support rod 20 , and the receiving groove 23 runs through the end surface of the first end of the support rod 20 . The setting of the accommodation groove 23 facilitates the setting of the elastic member 40, and enables the elastic member 40 to expand and contract along the direction of the accommodation groove 23, so that the elastic member 40 drives the support rod 20 to float more stably, and improves the reliability of the support rod 20 when it floats .
在本实施例中，弹性件40为弹簧，每个支撑瓣22的第一端内均设置有三个容纳槽23，容纳槽为圆柱形槽，每个容纳槽23内设置有一个弹簧，弹簧优选为压簧。弹簧的刚度和患病区域的骨质的弹性模量一致，适应于骨的生物力学环境，便于病变的吸收和新骨的重建，为患病区域的骨质提供持续的应力刺激。In this embodiment, the elastic member 40 is a spring, and three accommodating grooves 23 are arranged in the first end of each support flap 22, and the accommodating grooves are cylindrical grooves, and a spring is arranged in each accommodating groove 23, and the spring is preferably For the compression spring. The stiffness of the spring is consistent with the elastic modulus of the bone in the diseased area, adapting to the biomechanical environment of the bone, facilitating the absorption of lesions and the reconstruction of new bone, and providing continuous stress stimulation for the bone in the diseased area.
如图1至图8所示，多个支撑瓣22围成一圈以在其中间形成第一避让通孔24，导向杆部12的内部设置有与第一避让通孔24连通的第二避让通孔13。第一避让通孔24和第二避让通孔13的设置便于骨支撑假体植入时，第一避让通孔24和第二避让通孔13能够避让定位针，第一避让通孔24和第二避让通孔13沿定位针的延伸方向移动，以准确地固定在患病区域的骨质内。在本实施例中，定位针为克氏针。As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a plurality of supporting petals 22 form a circle to form a first avoidance through hole 24 in the middle, and the inside of the guide rod 12 is provided with a second escape hole that communicates with the first avoidance through hole 24. Through hole 13. The setting of the first avoidance through hole 24 and the second avoidance through hole 13 is convenient for bone support prosthesis implantation, the first avoidance through hole 24 and the second avoidance through hole 13 can avoid the positioning pin, the first avoidance through hole 24 and the second avoidance through hole The second avoidance through hole 13 moves along the extending direction of the positioning pin, so as to be accurately fixed in the bone in the diseased area. In this embodiment, the positioning needles are Kirschner wires.
如图1至图6所示，导向杆部12包括第一杆段部121和外径大于第一杆段部121的第二杆段部122。第一杆段部121和第二杆段部122之间形成台阶面14，第一杆段部121穿设在支撑杆20内，第二杆段部122位于支撑杆20的第一端远离支撑杆20的第二端外，弹性件40的两端分别抵接于支撑杆20的第一端和台阶面14之间。第一杆段部121和第二杆段部122的设置，使得导向杆部12的一端能够穿设在支撑杆20内并对支撑杆20进行导向，也便于弹性件40与导向杆部12的抵接。并且台阶面14的设置便于加工。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , the guide rod portion 12 includes a first rod segment portion 121 and a second rod segment portion 122 with an outer diameter larger than the first rod segment portion 121 . A step surface 14 is formed between the first pole section 121 and the second pole section 122, the first pole section 121 is passed through the support rod 20, and the second pole section 122 is located at the first end of the support pole 20 away from the support Outside the second end of the rod 20 , two ends of the elastic member 40 are respectively abutted between the first end of the support rod 20 and the step surface 14 . The setting of the first rod segment part 121 and the second rod segment part 122 enables one end of the guide rod part 12 to pass through the support rod 20 and guide the support rod 20, which also facilitates the connection between the elastic member 40 and the guide rod part 12. Abut. And the setting of the stepped surface 14 is convenient for processing.
在本实施例中，多个支撑瓣22围成一圈并在其中间形成安装通孔，安装通孔与第一避让通孔24连通设置，安装通孔能够容纳第一杆段部121。安装通孔的直径大于第一避让通孔24，以在支撑瓣22上的安装通孔与第一避让通孔24之间形成避让面。当支撑杆20处于受压状态时，避让面与第一杆段部121的端面间隙配合。In this embodiment, a plurality of support petals 22 form a circle and form an installation through hole in the middle, the installation through hole communicates with the first avoidance through hole 24 , and the installation through hole can accommodate the first rod section 121 . The diameter of the installation through hole is larger than the first avoidance through hole 24 to form an avoidance surface between the installation through hole on the support flap 22 and the first avoidance through hole 24 . When the support rod 20 is in a compressed state, the avoidance surface is in clearance fit with the end surface of the first rod section 121 .
如图1至图6所示，导向杆部12的第一端连接在套筒座11的第一端内。支撑杆20的第一端位于导向杆部12的第一端和套筒座11的第二端之间，以使支撑杆20的第一端能够在导向杆部12的第一端和套筒座11的第二端之间进行浮动。导向杆部12的第二端穿出于套筒座11的第二端，以便于导向杆部12的第二端能够位于支撑杆20的内部，以对支撑杆20浮动时进行导向。套筒座11的第二端设置有第一止挡环15，支撑杆20的第一端设置有与第一止挡环15止挡配合的第二止挡环25。第一止挡环15和第二止挡环25的设置，使得支撑杆20的第一端能够被限制在导向杆部12的第一端和套筒座11的第二端之间进行浮动，使得支撑杆20的第一端能够保持浮动的范围，使得支撑杆20与固定座10的浮动设置更加可靠。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , the first end of the guide rod portion 12 is connected in the first end of the sleeve seat 11 . The first end of the support rod 20 is located between the first end of the guide rod portion 12 and the second end of the sleeve seat 11, so that the first end of the support rod 20 can be positioned between the first end of the guide rod portion 12 and the sleeve. Float between the second ends of the seat 11. The second end of the guide rod portion 12 passes through the second end of the sleeve seat 11 so that the second end of the guide rod portion 12 can be located inside the support rod 20 to guide the support rod 20 when it floats. The second end of the sleeve seat 11 is provided with a first stop ring 15 , and the first end of the support rod 20 is provided with a second stop ring 25 which is matched with the first stop ring 15 . The setting of the first stop ring 15 and the second stop ring 25 enables the first end of the support rod 20 to be limited to float between the first end of the guide rod part 12 and the second end of the sleeve seat 11, The first end of the support rod 20 can maintain a floating range, so that the floating arrangement of the support rod 20 and the fixing base 10 is more reliable.
在本实施例中，导向杆部12的第一端的第二杆段部122的外侧壁上设置有第一外螺纹，套筒座11的第一端内设置有与第一外螺纹配合的内螺纹。In this embodiment, the outer wall of the second rod section 122 at the first end of the guide rod 12 is provided with a first external thread, and the first end of the sleeve seat 11 is provided with a thread that cooperates with the first external thread. internal thread.
如图1至图6所示，骨支撑假体还包括与固定座10的远离支撑面21的一端连接的连接件30，连接件30上设置有凸出于固定座10外侧的连接部31。连接件30的设置进一步地加强了骨支撑假体与患病区域的骨质连接时的稳定性和可靠性。连接件30凸出于固定座10外侧的连接部31能够更好地与患病区域的骨质进行固定连接，以将骨支撑假体稳固地固定在患病区域的骨质内。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , the bone-supporting prosthesis also includes a connecting piece 30 connected to the end of the fixing base 10 away from the support surface 21 , and the connecting piece 30 is provided with a connecting portion 31 protruding from the outside of the fixing base 10 . The arrangement of the connector 30 further enhances the stability and reliability of the bone-supporting prosthesis and the bone connection of the diseased area. The connecting part 31 protruding from the outside of the fixing base 10 of the connecting piece 30 can be better fixedly connected with the bone in the diseased area, so as to firmly fix the bone-supporting prosthesis in the bone in the diseased area.
在本实施例中，连接部31为第二外螺纹，第二外螺纹的螺牙深度优选在1mm至2mm的范围内。连接件30远离固定座10的端面上设置有操作孔，将工具伸入至操作孔内带动连接部31旋转，以将连接件30固定在患病区域的骨质内。第二杆段部122朝向连接部31的端面上设置有定位孔，固定部朝向第二杆段部122的端面上设置有定位柱，定位孔和定位柱定位配合。In this embodiment, the connecting portion 31 is a second external thread, and the thread depth of the second external thread is preferably in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm. An operation hole is provided on the end surface of the connecting piece 30 away from the fixing base 10 , and a tool is inserted into the operating hole to drive the connecting portion 31 to rotate, so as to fix the connecting piece 30 in the bone of the diseased area. The end surface of the second rod section 122 facing the connecting part 31 is provided with a positioning hole, and the end surface of the fixing part facing the second rod section 122 is provided with a positioning post, and the positioning hole is matched with the positioning post.
在本实施例中，在骨支撑假体植入前，在患病区域的骨质上钻出以支撑杆20外径和套筒座11外径为孔径的阶梯孔。阶梯孔贯穿于患病区域的骨质的一个端面，并且在患病区域的骨质上的阶梯孔的轴线处设置有克氏针。当将除连接部31以外的骨支撑假体植入到患病区域的骨质的阶梯孔内时，第一避让通孔24和第二避让通孔13沿克氏针移动，以起到导航定位的作用，使得骨支撑假体能够准确地进入到阶梯孔内。将克氏针从患病区域的骨质上取下，将连接部31与患病区域的骨质进行固定连接。In this embodiment, before the implantation of the bone-supporting prosthesis, a stepped hole with the outer diameter of the support rod 20 and the outer diameter of the sleeve seat 11 as the diameter is drilled in the bone of the diseased area. The stepped hole runs through one end surface of the bone in the diseased area, and a Kirschner wire is arranged at the axis of the stepped hole in the bone in the diseased area. When the bone-supporting prosthesis other than the connecting portion 31 is implanted in the stepped hole of the bone in the diseased area, the first avoidance through hole 24 and the second avoidance through hole 13 move along the Kirschner wire to play a role in navigation. The role of positioning enables the bone-supported prosthesis to accurately enter the stepped hole. The Kirschner wire is removed from the bone in the diseased area, and the connecting part 31 is fixedly connected to the bone in the diseased area.
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. under other devices or configurations”. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. To limit the protection scope of the present invention.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310167557.3ACN115998487B (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | bone-supported prosthesis |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310167557.3ACN115998487B (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | bone-supported prosthesis |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115998487A CN115998487A (en) | 2023-04-25 |
| CN115998487Btrue CN115998487B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310167557.3AActiveCN115998487B (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | bone-supported prosthesis |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115998487B (en) |
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