CN115969463A - Bone tissue resection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a bone tissue resection device that includes a rod having a recess and defining an axis, and a cannula sleeved on the rod and slidable relative to the rod along the axis. The distal end of the sleeve is configured to cut bone tissue of the patient in cooperation with the distal wall of the recess as the sleeve is slid from a first position exposing at least a portion of the recess to a second position housing the recess. Compared with the traditional rongeur, the bone tissue resection device provided by the disclosure has the advantages of relatively simple structure, convenience in operation and the like. In addition, according to the bone tissue resection device provided by the present disclosure, after the cutting action is completed, the groove can be accommodated in the sleeve, so that the cut bone tissue can be completely limited in the closed space formed by the groove and the sleeve, thereby reducing or eliminating the risk of the bone tissue accidentally falling into the body of the patient.

Description

Bone tissue resection device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of surgical devices, and more particularly, to a bone tissue resection device.

Background

In certain surgical procedures, it is necessary to resect a portion of bone tissue from a patient. For example, in a neurosurgical operation, degenerative or diseased bone tissue in the spine is typically resected using rongeurs to avoid compressing the nerve or continuing to deteriorate and affecting the health of the surrounding bone. However, the conventional rongeur is complicated in structure and inconvenient to operate. Further, with the conventional rongeur, when the cut-off bone tissue is easily taken out of the body of the patient after the cutting action is completed, there is a risk that the cut-off bone tissue accidentally falls out of the rongeur, which lowers the safety of the operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a bone tissue resection device to at least improve the problems of the conventional rongeur that the structure is complicated, the operation is inconvenient, and the safety is relatively poor.

The bone tissue resection device provided by the present disclosure includes a rod having a groove and defining an axis, and a cannula sleeved on the rod and slidable along the axis relative to the rod. The distal end of the sleeve is configured to cut bone tissue of the patient in cooperation with the distal wall of the recess as the sleeve is slid from a first position exposing at least a portion of the recess to a second position housing the recess.

Compared with the traditional rongeur, the bone tissue resection device provided by the disclosure has the advantages of relatively simple structure, convenience in operation and the like. In addition, according to the bone tissue resection device provided by the present disclosure, after the cutting action is completed, the groove can be accommodated in the sleeve, so that the cut bone tissue can be completely limited in the closed space formed by the groove and the sleeve, thereby reducing or eliminating the risk of the bone tissue accidentally falling into the body of the patient.

In an exemplary embodiment, the distal end of the cannula is provided with a first serration.

Due to the fact that the bone tissue is clamped between the far side wall of the groove and the far end portion of the sleeve under the matching of the far side wall of the groove, the state of contact between the bone tissue and the far end portion of the sleeve is different due to different shapes of the bone tissue, and therefore the bone tissue is prone to slip from the space between the far side wall of the groove and the far end of the sleeve in the process of clamping the bone tissue.

When the distal wall of the groove and the distal end portion of the sleeve cooperate to clamp bone tissue, the first serration portion located at the distal end portion of the sleeve can increase friction between the sleeve and the bone tissue, so that the risk of bone tissue slippage during cutting can be avoided or reduced.

In addition, because the cutting is essentially that the object is pressed to be broken, the cutting effect can be improved by increasing the pressure under certain pressure. The tips of the first serration extend along the axis of the sleeve towards the distal end of the sleeve, and during movement of the sleeve from the first position to the second position the tips first contact the target bone tissue, which is subjected to a higher pressure due to the reduced contact area, which in cooperation with the distal wall of the recess makes it easier to cut the bone tissue from the patient.

In an exemplary embodiment, the sleeve is rotatable about an axis relative to the lever.

After the distal wall of the groove and the distal end of the sleeve clamp the bone tissue, the bone tissue can be pre-cut (ground) with the first serrations by rotating the sleeve about the axis, and then the sleeve can be moved to the second position relative to the rod, thereby completing the cut. This kind of implementation can reduce the cutting degree of difficulty to make subsequent cutting operation more laborsaving.

In addition, in the case of hard and brittle cut bone tissue, small pieces of bone tissue are prone to splash during the compression resection, which is not favorable for the safety of the operation. In the above implementation, the bone tissue can be precut by rotating the cannula, so that the possibility of occurrence of such undesirable phenomena can be reduced. Therefore, the implementation mode is beneficial to improving the safety of the operation.

In an exemplary embodiment, the bone tissue removal device of the present disclosure further includes an operating member for rotating the cannula relative to the lever about the axis when operated.

In this way, during the operation, an operator (for example a doctor) or an operating device (for example a surgical robot) can rotate the cannula about the axis by means of the operating member, so as to perform a slight pre-cutting of the bone tissue.

In an exemplary embodiment, the bone tissue resection device of the present disclosure further includes a lock for releasably limiting rotation of the sleeve relative to the lever about the axis.

In the process of inserting the sleeve into the body of a patient or withdrawing the sleeve from the body of the patient, in order to ensure that the patient is not harmed by the unexpected injury caused by the rotation of the sleeve, the locking piece can limit the rotation of the sleeve, and the damage or the interference operation of the unexpected rotation to other body tissues of the patient are avoided.

In an exemplary embodiment, the locking member is pivotably coupled to the operating member, and the bone tissue resection device further includes a housing having a locking groove, wherein the locking member is pivotally engageable with or disengageable from the locking groove.

Through the block or the separation of locking piece and locking groove, realized the release and the locking to the operating parts, and then realized the release and the locking of sheathed tube. The realization mode has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, the distal wall of the groove is provided with a second serration.

Since the bone tissue has different shapes and different contact states with the distal wall, if the surface of the distal wall is relatively smooth, the bone tissue may slip off and be separated from the clamped state during the process of clamping the bone tissue.

According to the above implementation manner of the present disclosure, when the distal wall of the groove is matched with the sleeve to clamp the bone tissue, the second saw-toothed portion can increase the friction force of the distal wall of the groove and the sleeve to the bone tissue, so that the relative movement or slippage between the distal wall of the groove and the bone tissue can be avoided when the sleeve is rotated to cut.

In an exemplary embodiment, the bone tissue resection device further includes a housing and a trigger, the housing including an upper housing and a lower housing. The upper housing is slidable along the axis relative to the lower housing, and the upper housing is drivingly coupled to the sleeve. The trigger is pivotally supported by the lower housing and is in driving connection with the upper housing. As the trigger pivots from the initial position to the terminal position, the trigger drives the upper housing to slide distally, which in turn drives the sleeve from the first position to the second position.

Because the upper housing is drivingly coupled to the sleeve, the trigger can be operated to move the upper housing relative to the lower housing to drive the sleeve between the first and second positions. The realization mode has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, the upper housing is provided with a slot extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis, the trigger is provided with a receptacle, and the bone tissue resecting device further comprises a pin inserted into the receptacle and the slot to drivingly couple the trigger and the upper housing.

Since the trigger is pivotably supported by the lower housing, a movement trace of the pin inserted into the insertion hole of the trigger takes an arc shape having both a movement component in a direction parallel to the axis and a movement component in a direction perpendicular to the axis when the trigger is pulled. In order to match the movement locus of the pin, in the above-described implementation, in consideration of the fact that the upper housing can only slide along the axis and cannot move relative to the lower housing in the direction perpendicular to the axis, the upper housing is provided with a slot extending in the direction perpendicular to the axis, which configuration allows the pin to have a movement component in the direction perpendicular to the axis, thereby making it possible to drive the upper housing to slide along the axis by turning the trigger. The realization mode has the advantages of simple structure, smooth operation and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, the trigger includes a guide groove, a bottom of the guide groove is provided with a cam surface, the bone tissue resection device further includes a rebound mechanism, the rebound mechanism includes a acting member and a force application member, a proximal end of the acting member extends into the guide groove, and the force application member applies a force to the acting member to press the proximal end of the acting member against the cam surface.

The trigger is pivoted from the end position to the initial position through the rebound mechanism, so that the sleeve driven by the upper shell returns to the first position, and the bone tissue is conveniently taken out after the cutting operation is finished. Meanwhile, the feedback of the force brought by the rebounding mechanism can enable an operator to know the working state of the device at the first time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

It is to be understood that the following drawings illustrate only some embodiments of the disclosure, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope.

It should also be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the figures to indicate the same or similar elements.

It should also be understood that the drawings are merely schematic and that the sizes and proportions of elements in the drawings are not necessarily precise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bone tissue resection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2a and 2b are schematic enlarged partial views showing the distal ends of the cannula and the shaft of the bone tissue resection device of fig. 1, with the cannula in a first position in fig. 2a and in a second position in fig. 2 b.

Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the bone tissue removal device of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a part of the components of the bone tissue cutting device of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure are exemplarily described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the implementations of the present disclosure may be varied and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, which are presented merely for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure.

It is noted that in the drawings of the present disclosure, the arrow "distal" may be used to indicate the distal side in the distal-proximal direction, and the arrow "proximal" may be used to indicate the proximal side in the distal-proximal direction. It should be understood that in the present disclosure, the positional word "distal" is associated with an end of the apparatus that is distal from an operator (e.g., a doctor) or an operating device (e.g., a surgical robot), and the positional word "proximal" is associated with an end of the apparatus that is proximal to the operator (e.g., a doctor) or the operating device (e.g., a surgical robot).

Referring to fig. 1, 2a and 2b, the present disclosure provides a bone tissue resection device. The bone tissue removal device includes ashaft 20 and acannula 10.Rod 20 is provided with agroove 202 and defines an axis L. Thesleeve 10 is sleeved on therod 20 and is slidable along the axis L relative to therod 20. As thecannula 10 is slid from the first position exposing at least a portion of therecess 202 to the second position housing therecess 202, thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10 can engage thedistal wall 204 of therecess 202 to cut bone tissue of the patient.

Thegroove 202 of therod 20 is provided to be through-going in a direction perpendicular to therod 20 so that bone tissue can conveniently rest in thegroove 202 from both left and right directions. Thesleeve 10 is sleeved on therod 20 and coaxial with therod 20, and the gap between thesleeve 10 and therod 20 may be 0.1mm-1mm, so that thesleeve 10 is convenient to slide relative to therod 20. Thesleeve 10 may be slid from a first position exposing at least part of the recess 202 (as shown in fig. 2 a) to a second position housing the recess 202 (as shown in fig. 2 b). That is, when thesleeve 10 is in the first position, thegroove 202 may be partially or fully exposed outside thesleeve 10; when thesleeve 10 is in the second position, thegroove 202 is fully received within thesleeve 10. As thecannula 10 is moved from the first position to the second position, thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10 comes into close proximity with thedistal wall 204 of therecess 202, thereby performing a cutting action on the bone tissue.

Specifically, when bone tissue is located in thegroove 202, thecannula 10 moves from the first position to the second position, the bone tissue is tightly fixed in thegroove 202 by the same force from thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202 and thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10, and the bone tissue gradually separates from the patient's body as thecannula 10 continues to move to the second position until the cutting action of the bone tissue by thecannula 10 is completed at the second position, at which time thegroove 202 is received in thecannula 10.

Compared with the traditional rongeur, the bone tissue resection device provided by the disclosure has the advantages of relatively simple structure, convenience in operation and the like. In addition, according to the bone tissue resection device provided by the present disclosure, thegroove 202 may be received in thecannula 10 after the cutting action is completed, which may cause the cut bone tissue to be completely confined within the enclosed space formed by thegroove 202 and thecannula 10, thereby reducing or eliminating the risk of the bone tissue accidentally falling into the patient's body.

As shown in fig. 3, thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10 is provided with afirst serration 102.

Thefirst serrations 102 may be circumferentially disposed along at least a portion of the edge of thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10, and each tooth may be disposed adjacent or spaced apart. The tips of thefirst serrations 102 extend along the axis L of thecannula 10 towards the distal end of thecannula 10. During the movement of thesleeve 10 from the first position to the second position, the tips of thefirst serrations 102 first contact the target bone tissue, and at this time, the friction between the tip of each tooth of thefirst serrations 102 and the portion of the bone tissue in contact therewith can prevent the bone tissue from slipping off the sleeve when thesleeve 10 is cut.

During movement of thecannula 10 from the first position to the second position, the bone tissue is subjected to greater pressure due to the smaller contact area of the tooth tip with the bone tissue, which in cooperation with thedistal wall 204 of therecess 202, facilitates the removal of the bone tissue from the patient.

Referring again to fig. 3,sleeve 10 is rotatable about axis L relative torod 20.

After thedistal walls 204 of thegrooves 202 and thedistal end 101 of thecannula 10 clamp the bone tissue, the bone tissue can be pre-cut (ground) with thefirst serrations 102 by rotating thecannula 10 about the axis, and then thecannula 10 can be moved to a second position relative to the shaft to complete the cut. This kind of implementation can reduce the cutting degree of difficulty to make subsequent cutting operation more laborsaving.

In addition, in the case of hard and brittle bone tissue to be cut, a small bone tissue is likely to splash during the compression resection, which is not favorable for the safety of the operation. In the above-described implementation, the bone tissue can be precut by rotating thecannula 10, so that the possibility of occurrence of such an undesirable phenomenon can be reduced. Therefore, the implementation mode is beneficial to improving the safety of the operation.

Thesleeve 10 may be rotated in one direction or in both directions. If the cutting is unidirectional rotation cutting, a cutting edge is arranged on one side of the teeth of thefirst tooth part 102; in the case of a bidirectional rotary cutting, the teeth have cutting edges on both sides.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present disclosure provides a bone tissue removal device further comprising an operatingmember 40, operatingmember 40 for rotatingsleeve 10 about axis L relative torod 20 when operated.

The operatingmember 40 is sleeved and fixed outside thesleeve 10 at the proximal end (for example, by gluing or welding) and is coaxial with thesleeve 10, and the outer surface can be provided with irregular surfaces to increase friction force for manually rotating the operatingmember 40 at the proximal end. Thecannula 10 is rotated by the operatingmember 40 to perform a slight pre-cut of the bone tissue.

Meanwhile, the radial size of the operatingelement 40 is preferably several times of the outer diameter of thesleeve 10, and the larger rotating radius of the operatingelement 40 enables the force application scale of the cutting force applied to the bone tissue to be better mastered when the transverse saw cutting is carried out, so that the safety and the reliability of the cutting action are further ensured.

In other examples, the operatingmember 40 may be any other component capable of rotating thesleeve 10.

Referring to FIG. 1, the bone tissue removal device further includes ahousing 30, the proximal ends of theshaft 20 and thecannula 10 being located within thehousing 30, theshaft 20 being secured within thehousing 30.

Referring again to fig. 3, the bone tissue removal device of the present disclosure further includes alock 50 for releasably limiting rotation ofsleeve 10 about axis L relative to lever 20.

To ensure that the patient is not undesirably injured by rotation of thecannula 10 during insertion of thecannula 10 into the patient, or during withdrawal of thecannula 10 from the patient, the lockingmember 50 limits rotation of thecannula 10 to prevent undesired rotation from damaging other body tissues of the patient or interfering with the operation.

Referring again to fig. 3, thelock member 50 is pivotably coupled to the operatingmember 40, and thehousing 30 is provided with a lock groove, wherein thelock member 50 can be engaged with or disengaged from the lock groove in a pivoting manner.

The lockingmember 50 has one end pivotally connected to the operatingmember 40 and the other end snapped into the locking groove of thehousing 30, so that when the operatingmember 40 needs to be rotated, the lockingmember 50 is separated from the locking groove of thehousing 30, at this time, the operatingmember 40 is not limited by the lockingmember 50, and the operator can rotate thecasing 10 by the operatingmember 40. When the cutting action is finished, the other end of the lockingmember 50 is again engaged with thehousing 30 to restrict the rotation of the operatingmember 40 and thus thesleeve 10. The release and locking of the actuating element and thus of the sleeve is thereby achieved. The realization mode has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and the like.

As shown in fig. 3, thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202 is provided with asecond serration 206.

The roughness of the surface of thedistal wall 204 is increased by providing asecond tooth 206 on thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202. In other embodiments, thesecond tooth 206 may be any shape that can achieve the purpose of increasing the surface roughness of thedistal wall 204, and is not limited herein.

When thesleeve 10 moves from the first position to the second position, thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202 and the front end of thesleeve 10 cooperate to clamp the bone tissue, and thesecond serration part 206 increases the friction force between thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202 and thesleeve 10 to clamp the bone tissue, so as to avoid the relative movement or slippage of thedistal wall 204 of thegroove 202 and the bone tissue when thesleeve 10 is rotated to cut.

In one example, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, thehousing 30 includes anupper housing 302 and alower housing 304, theupper housing 302 is slidable relative to thelower housing 304 along the axis L, and theupper housing 302 is drivingly linked with thecannula 10. The bone tissue resection device also includes atrigger 60 that is pivotally supported by thelower housing 304 and is drivingly connected to theupper housing 302. Astrigger 60 pivots from the initial position to the terminal position, trigger 60 drivesupper housing 302 to slide distally, which in turn drivessleeve 10 from the first position to the second position.

Further, theproximal end 206 of thecannula 10 is snapped into a receiving cavity of the upper housing that allows the cannulaproximal end 206 to rotate therein and restrict its removal from the receiving cavity.

Thetrigger 60 is pivotally supported by thelower housing 304 via apivot protrusion 606 and is drivingly connected to theupper housing 302, i.e., the pivot axis of thetrigger 60 is located on thelower housing 304, and theupper housing 302 reciprocates relative to thelower housing 304 as thetrigger 60 moves between an initial position and an end position, which correspond to the initial position and the end position of thetrigger 60, of thesleeve 10. When thetrigger 60 is pulled, theupper housing 302 drives thesleeve 10 distally as thetrigger 60 moves from the initial position to the terminal position, thereby driving thesleeve 10 from the first position to the second position.

Thetrigger 60 is operated to drive the movement of theupper housing 302 relative to thelower housing 304, and thus thesleeve 10, between the first and second positions, resulting in a simpler construction and easier operation.

In one example, as shown in fig. 1, theupper housing 302 is provided with aslot 3021, theslot 3021 extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis L, the upper end portion of thetrigger 60 is provided with ainsertion hole 604, and the bone tissue cutting device further includes apin 90 inserted into theinsertion hole 604 and theslot 3021 to drivingly couple thetrigger 60 and theupper housing 302.

Theupper housing 302 is provided with aslot 3021 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis L, theslot 3021 being symmetrical on both sides of theupper housing 302, and thepin 90 is inserted into theslot 3021 through the upper end portion of thetrigger 60 at both ends and is reciprocated up and down within theslot 3021, which allows thepin 90 to have a movement component in the direction perpendicular to the axis L for canceling a tendency of theupper housing 302 to move up and down with respect to thelower housing 304 by the movement component of thetrigger 60 in the direction perpendicular to the axis L, thereby making it possible to drive the upper housing to slide along the axis by rotating the trigger. The structure is simpler and the operation is smoother.

In one example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, trigger 60 includes aguide channel 602, a bottom ofguide channel 602 having a cam surface, and bone tissue resection device further includes a spring-back mechanism 70, spring-back mechanism 70 including: an actingelement 701 and aforce application element 702, wherein the proximal end of the actingelement 701 extends into theguide groove 602; the urgingmember 702 urges the actingelement 701 proximally to always abut the proximal end of the actingelement 701 against the cam surface.

Theguide groove 602 is formed at the upper end portion of thetrigger 60 to receive one end of the actingelement 701 and allow the actingelement 701 to slide in theguide groove 602, and the urgingelement 702 abuts on the actingelement 701 so that the actingelement 701 can always abut on the cam surface.

When thetrigger 60 is pulled to move from the initial position to the end position, thetrigger 60 pushes the acting element to indirectly push theupper housing 302 to move thesleeve 10 from the first position to the second position; when thetrigger 60 is released, thetrigger 60 is acted upon by theresilient mechanism 70 to return from the end position to the initial position, thereby causing thecannula 10 carried by theupper housing 302 to return from the second position to the first position to facilitate removal of bone tissue after the cutting operation is completed. At the same time, the feedback of the force from theresilient mechanism 70 may allow the operator to know the working state of the bone tissue cutting device at the first time.

In other examples, theresilient mechanism 70 may be any mechanism that returns thetrigger 60 from the terminal position to the initial position, such as a torsion spring, leaf spring, or the like.

It is to be understood that, as used in this disclosure, the terms "includes," including, "and variations thereof are intended to be open-ended, i.e.," including, but not limited to. The term "according to" is "at least partially according to". The term "one embodiment" means "a pair of embodiments"; the term "another embodiment" means "a pair of additional embodiments".

It should be understood that although the terms "first" or "second," etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements (e.g., the first and second serrations of the shunt), these elements are not limited by these terms, which are used only to distinguish one element from another.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A bone tissue resection device, comprising:

a rod member provided with a groove and defining an axis; and

a sleeve sleeved over the rod and slidable relative to the rod along the axis, wherein a distal end of the sleeve is configured to engage a distal wall of the groove to cut bone tissue of a patient as the sleeve is slid from a first position exposing at least a portion of the groove to a second position receiving the groove.

2. The bone tissue resection device of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the sleeve is provided with a first serration.

3. The bone tissue resection device of claim 2, wherein the sleeve is rotatable about the axis relative to the rod.

4. A bone tissue removal device according to claim 3, further comprising an operating member for rotating the sleeve relative to the rod about the axis when operated.

5. The bone tissue resection device of claim 4, further comprising a lock to releasably limit rotation of the sleeve about the axis relative to the lever.

6. The bone tissue resection device of claim 5, wherein the lock member is pivotably coupled to the operating member, the bone tissue resection device further comprising a housing having a lock slot, wherein the lock member is pivotably engageable with and disengageable from the lock slot.

7. The bone tissue resection device of any one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the distal wall of the groove is provided with a second serration.

8. The bone tissue resection device of claim 1, further comprising:

a housing comprising an upper housing and a lower housing, wherein the upper housing is slidable relative to the lower housing along the axis and the upper housing is in driving communication with the cannula;

a trigger pivotably supported by the lower housing and in driving communication with the upper housing, wherein the trigger drives the upper housing to slide distally as the trigger pivots from an initial position to an end position, thereby driving the sleeve to move from the first position to the second position.

9. The bone tissue resection device of claim 8, wherein the upper housing defines a slot extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis, the trigger defines a socket, and further comprising a pin inserted in the socket and the slot to drivingly couple the trigger and the upper housing.

10. A bone tissue resection device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the trigger comprises a guide slot, the bottom of which is provided with a cam surface, the bone tissue resection device further comprising a resilient mechanism comprising:

an acting element, the proximal end of which extends into the guide groove; and

a biasing member biasing the acting member proximally to press the proximal end of the acting member against the cam surface.

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