CN115944372A - A kind of intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement, which comprises: the middle cylinder is movably arranged at the bottom end of the upper end part, the lower end part is movably arranged at the bottom end of the middle cylinder, the open groove is formed in the outer side wall of the middle cylinder, and the inner hole is formed in the upper end part and the middle shaft of the middle cylinder; the inner hole penetrates through the upper end part and extends to the bottom end of the middle cylinder, a stop block is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the middle cylinder, and the central axis of the middle cylinder is a straight line or a broken line or a curve which is similar to the straight line; by arranging the upper end part, the lower end part and the middle barrel, the mounting direction of the middle barrel can be adjusted according to the position of a focus in a patient body, so that the direction of the slot is changed, and the adaptation to different patients with different disease states is realized; through setting up the fluting, can stabilize patient's focus when treating the fracture, and effectively reduced the operation wound, reduced patient's misery.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉A kind of intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement.

背景技术Background technique

骨的原发性或转移性肿瘤是病理性骨折最常见的原因，特别是溶骨性的原发或转移性骨肿瘤。原发性骨肿瘤如多发性骨髓瘤、骨巨细胞瘤及溶骨性成骨肉瘤等；属于转移性骨肿瘤的如转移性肾癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌及神经母细胞瘤等。不少原发性和转移性骨肿瘤有时因病理性骨折后才被发现。临床表现有休克、软组织伤、出血。病理性骨折时，骨的原有病变往往使骨折愈合迟缓，甚至几乎没有修复反应。也常使骨原有病变的组织学图像发生改变或复杂化。老年、各种营养不良和内分泌等因素可引起全身性骨质疏松内分泌紊乱骨的发育障碍。Primary or metastatic bone tumors are the most common cause of pathological fractures, especially osteolytic primary or metastatic bone tumors. Primary bone tumors such as multiple myeloma, giant cell tumor of bone, and osteolytic osteosarcoma; metastatic bone tumors such as metastatic renal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, and neuroblastoma. Many primary and metastatic bone tumors are sometimes discovered after pathological fractures. Clinical manifestations include shock, soft tissue injury, and bleeding. In pathological fractures, the original lesions of the bone often slow the fracture healing, or even have almost no repair response. It also often changes or complicates the histological image of the original bone lesion. Old age, various malnutrition and endocrine factors can cause systemic osteoporosis, endocrine disorders, and bone developmental disorders.

常用的病理性骨折在治疗时一般会将患者的骨折处剖开，然后通过骨水泥将病灶进行稳固，最后再通过钢板将患者的骨折处固定在一起。但这种治疗方法创口较大，存在安全风险，且通过钢板固定骨骼不够牢固，容易使患者感到痛苦。In the treatment of commonly used pathological fractures, the patient's fracture is generally cut open, then the lesion is stabilized by bone cement, and finally the patient's fracture is fixed together by a steel plate. However, this treatment method has a relatively large wound, which has safety risks, and the fixation of the bone by the steel plate is not strong enough, which is easy to cause pain to the patient.

因此，本发明提供一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉，可以通过髓内钉将患者的骨折处连接在一起，连接强度较高，且可以通过髓内钉对患者的病灶处填充骨水泥，对病灶进行稳固治疗，有效减小患者的创口与痛苦。Therefore, the present invention provides an intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement, which can connect the patient's fractures together through the intramedullary nail, with high connection strength, and can fill the patient's lesion with bone cement through the intramedullary nail. , for stable treatment of the lesion, effectively reducing the patient's wound and pain.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足，提供一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉。The object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement to address the deficiencies in the prior art.

为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：For realizing above-mentioned object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉，包括：上端部、活动地设置于所述上端部的底端的中筒、活动地设置于所述中筒底端的下端部、开设于所述中筒外侧壁的开槽以及开设于所述上端部与所述中筒中轴的内孔；其中，An intramedullary nail capable of local injection of bone cement, comprising: an upper end, a middle barrel movably arranged at the bottom end of the upper end, a lower end movably arranged at the bottom end of the middle barrel, and a middle barrel set in the middle barrel The slot on the outer wall and the inner hole opened on the upper end and the middle axis of the middle cylinder; wherein,

所述内孔贯穿所述上端部延伸至所述中筒的底端，所述中筒的底端固定地设置有挡块，所述中筒的中轴线呈直线或近似于直线的折线或曲线。The inner hole extends through the upper end to the bottom end of the middle cylinder, the bottom end of the middle cylinder is fixedly provided with a stopper, and the central axis of the middle cylinder is a straight line or a fold line or a curve close to a straight line .

所述中筒的顶端外侧壁开设有上安装槽，所述上端部与所述中筒的连接处设置有上套筒，所述中筒的底端外侧壁开设有下安装槽，所述下端部与所述中筒的连接处设置有下套筒，所述上套筒与所述上安装槽相匹配，所述下套筒与所述下安装槽相匹配。The outer wall of the top end of the middle cylinder is provided with an upper installation groove, the connection between the upper end and the middle cylinder is provided with an upper sleeve, the outer wall of the bottom end of the middle cylinder is provided with a lower installation groove, and the lower end A lower sleeve is provided at the joint between the upper part and the middle cylinder, the upper sleeve is matched with the upper installation groove, and the lower sleeve is matched with the lower installation groove.

所述上套筒与所述下套筒的侧壁均垂直地开设有同轴的两个锥形孔，所述上安装槽与所述下安装槽的侧壁均同轴地开设有若干组连接孔，所述锥形孔与所述连接孔之间连接有平头螺栓。The side walls of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are vertically provided with two coaxial tapered holes, and the side walls of the upper installation groove and the lower installation groove are provided with several sets of holes coaxially. A connecting hole, flat-head bolts are connected between the tapered hole and the connecting hole.

所述上套筒与所述上安装槽转动连接，所述下套筒与所述下安装槽转动连接。The upper sleeve is rotatably connected to the upper installation groove, and the lower sleeve is rotatably connected to the lower installation groove.

所述上端部与所述下端部的外侧壁沿垂直于所述中筒的方向均开设有腰型孔，所述腰型孔的顶部平行地开设有定位孔。Waist-shaped holes are formed on the outer sidewalls of the upper end and the lower end along a direction perpendicular to the middle tube, and positioning holes are formed parallel to the top of the waist-shaped holes.

所述中筒位于所述开槽的部位设置有显影环。A developing ring is provided at the part of the middle cylinder located in the slot.

所述上端部的顶端可拆卸地设置有端盖。A top end of the upper end portion is detachably provided with an end cover.

所述内孔的内部设置有穿刺针，所述穿刺针的底端开设有下孔，所述穿刺针的侧壁中部开设有侧孔，所述穿刺针的顶端连接有导管，所述导管的近端连接有骨水泥填充器。The inside of the inner hole is provided with a puncture needle, the bottom end of the puncture needle is provided with a lower hole, the middle part of the side wall of the puncture needle is provided with a side hole, the top of the puncture needle is connected with a catheter, and the catheter The proximal end is connected with a bone cement filler.

所述上端部、所述下端部以及所述中筒均由钛合金制得。The upper end, the lower end and the middle barrel are all made of titanium alloy.

本发明采用以上技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有如下技术效果：The present invention adopts the above technical scheme, and compared with the prior art, it has the following technical effects:

本发明的髓内钉，通过设置有上端部、下端部以及中筒，可以根据患者体内病灶的位置调整中筒的安装方向，进而改变开槽的方向，实现了对不同病状患者的适配；通过设置开槽，在治疗骨折的同时可以将患者的病灶进行稳固，且有效减小了手术创口，减小患者的痛苦。The intramedullary nail of the present invention is provided with an upper end, a lower end, and a middle barrel, so that the installation direction of the middle barrel can be adjusted according to the position of the lesion in the patient's body, and then the direction of slotting can be changed, so as to realize the adaptation to patients with different pathologies; By setting the slot, the focus of the patient can be stabilized while the fracture is being treated, and the surgical wound is effectively reduced, reducing the pain of the patient.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的髓内钉结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intramedullary nail of the present invention;

图2是为本发明的髓内钉连接结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the intramedullary nail of the present invention;

图3是为本发明的髓内钉连接处剖视结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the joint of the intramedullary nail of the present invention;

图4为本发明的穿刺针结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the puncture needle of the present invention;

其中，附图标记包括：Among them, reference signs include:

上端部1；下端部2；腰型孔3；定位孔4；中筒5；开槽6；显影环7；内孔8；上套筒9；下套筒10；上安装槽11；下安装槽12；锥形孔13；连接孔14；挡块15；穿刺针16；下孔17；侧孔18.Upper end 1;lower end 2; waisthole 3;positioning hole 4;middle tube 5;slot 6; developingring 7;inner hole 8;upper sleeve 9;lower sleeve 10;upper mounting groove 11;lower mounting Groove 12;tapered hole 13; connectinghole 14; stopper 15;puncture needle 16;lower hole 17;side hole 18.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不作为本发明的限定。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

请参阅图1，本实施例提供一种髓内钉，包括：上端部1、活动地设置于所述上端部1的底端的中筒5、活动地设置于所述中筒5底端的下端部2、开设于所述中筒5外侧壁的开槽6以及开设于所述上端部1与所述中筒5中轴的内孔8；其中，Please refer to Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an intramedullary nail, comprising: anupper end 1, amiddle tube 5 movably arranged at the bottom end of theupper end 1, and a lower end movably arranged at the bottom end of themiddle tube 5 2. Theslot 6 provided on the outer wall of themiddle cylinder 5 and theinner hole 8 provided on theupper end 1 and the central axis of themiddle cylinder 5; wherein,

所述内孔2贯穿所述上端部1延伸至所述中筒5的底端，所述中筒5的底端固定地设置有挡块15，所述中筒5的中轴线呈直线或近似于直线的折线或曲线。Theinner hole 2 extends through theupper end portion 1 to the bottom end of themiddle cylinder 5, the bottom end of themiddle cylinder 5 is fixedly provided with astopper 15, and the central axis of themiddle cylinder 5 is straight or approximately Polylines or curves on straight lines.

请参阅图2-4，所述中筒5的顶端外侧壁开设有上安装槽11，所述上端部1与所述中筒5的连接处设置有上套筒9，所述中筒5的底端外侧壁开设有下安装槽12，所述下端部2与所述中筒5的连接处设置有下套筒10，所述上套筒9与所述上安装槽11相匹配，所述下套筒10与所述下安装槽12相匹配；所述上套筒9与所述下套筒10的侧壁均垂直地开设有同轴的两个锥形孔13，所述上安装槽11与所述下安装槽12的侧壁均同轴地开设有若干组连接孔14，所述锥形孔13与所述连接孔14之间连接有平头螺栓；所述上套筒9与所述上安装槽11转动连接，所述下套筒10与所述下安装槽12转动连接；所述上端部1与所述下端部2的外侧壁沿垂直于所述中筒5的方向均开设有腰型孔3，所述腰型孔3的顶部平行地开设有定位孔4；所述中筒5位于所述开槽6的部位设置有显影环7；所述上端部1的顶端可拆卸地设置有端盖；所述内孔8的内部设置有穿刺针16，所述穿刺针16的底端开设有下孔17，所述穿刺针16的侧壁中部开设有侧孔18，所述穿刺针16的顶端连接有导管，所述导管的近端连接有骨水泥填充器；所述上端部1、所述下端部2以及所述中筒5均由钛合金制得。Please refer to Fig. 2-4, the top outer wall of themiddle cylinder 5 is provided with anupper installation groove 11, and the connection between theupper end 1 and themiddle cylinder 5 is provided with anupper sleeve 9, and themiddle cylinder 5 The outer wall of the bottom end is provided with alower installation groove 12, the connection between thelower end 2 and themiddle tube 5 is provided with alower sleeve 10, theupper sleeve 9 matches theupper installation groove 11, and the Thelower sleeve 10 matches thelower mounting groove 12; theupper sleeve 9 and the side walls of thelower sleeve 10 are vertically provided with two coaxial taperedholes 13, and theupper mounting groove 11 and the side wall of thelower mounting groove 12 are coaxially provided with several groups of connectingholes 14, and flat head bolts are connected between thetapered holes 13 and the connectingholes 14; theupper sleeve 9 and the Theupper mounting groove 11 is rotatably connected, and thelower sleeve 10 is rotatably connected to thelower mounting groove 12; There is a waist-shaped hole 3, and the top of the waist-shaped hole 3 is provided with apositioning hole 4 in parallel; the position of themiddle cylinder 5 located in theslot 6 is provided with a developingring 7; the top of theupper end 1 is detachableA puncture needle 16 is arranged inside theinner hole 8, alower hole 17 is provided at the bottom end of thepuncture needle 16, and aside hole 18 is provided in the middle of the side wall of thepuncture needle 16, and the The top end of thepuncture needle 16 is connected with a catheter, and the proximal end of the catheter is connected with a bone cement filler; theupper end 1 , thelower end 2 and themiddle barrel 5 are all made of titanium alloy.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供一种如实施例所述髓内钉的使用方法，步骤包括：This embodiment provides a method for using the intramedullary nail as described in the embodiment, the steps include:

S1、首先通过X光机确定患者的病灶相对于骨骼的位置，然后通过3D打印出中筒5，使得缺口6相对于中筒5的位置与病灶相对于骨骼位置一致；S1. First determine the position of the patient's lesion relative to the bone through an X-ray machine, and then print out themiddle barrel 5 through 3D, so that the position of thegap 6 relative to themiddle barrel 5 is consistent with the position of the lesion relative to the bone;

S2、将中筒5、上端部1以及下端部2组装在一起，组装时将上套筒9套接于上安装槽11外部，下套筒10套接于下安装槽12外部，并保持上端部1和下端部2的腰型孔3与定位孔4处于水平位置，然后转动中筒5，使得开槽6在中筒5表面的方向与病灶相对于骨骼的方向一致；S2. Assemble themiddle tube 5, theupper end 1 and thelower end 2. When assembling, theupper sleeve 9 is socketed outside theupper installation groove 11, thelower sleeve 10 is socketed outside thelower installation groove 12, and the upper end is kept The waist-shaped hole 3 and thepositioning hole 4 of thepart 1 and thelower end part 2 are in a horizontal position, and then themiddle cylinder 5 is rotated so that the direction of theslot 6 on the surface of themiddle cylinder 5 is consistent with the direction of the lesion relative to the bone;

S3、再次缓慢转动中筒5，使得上套筒9和下套筒10侧壁的锥形孔13与中筒5的上安装槽11与下安装槽12侧壁最接近的一组连接孔14对齐；S3. Slowly turn themiddle cylinder 5 again, so that thetapered holes 13 on the side walls of theupper sleeve 9 and thelower sleeve 10 are the closest to a set ofconnection holes 14 on the side walls of theupper installation groove 11 and thelower installation groove 12 of themiddle cylinder 5 alignment;

S4、使用平头螺栓将锥形孔13与连接孔14固定，完成对髓内钉的组装；S4. Fix thetapered hole 13 and theconnection hole 14 with flat head bolts to complete the assembly of the intramedullary nail;

S5、组装完成后，将髓内钉的上端部1朝上钉入患者骨折的骨骼内，通过髓内钉将患者的断骨连接在一起，钉入时使得髓内钉两端的腰型孔3与定位孔4中心的连线与水平线平行；S5. After the assembly is completed, nail theupper end 1 of the intramedullary nail upward into the fractured bone of the patient, and connect the broken bones of the patient together through the intramedullary nail, so that the waist-shaped holes 3 at both ends of the intramedullary nail are nailed. The line connected to the center of thepositioning hole 4 is parallel to the horizontal line;

S6、使用穿刺针16沿内孔8插入髓内钉的底部，插入时记录穿刺针16插入的长度与侧孔18的方向；S6. Use thepuncture needle 16 to insert the bottom of the intramedullary nail along theinner hole 8, and record the length of thepuncture needle 16 inserted and the direction of theside hole 18 when inserting;

S7、使用骨水泥填充器将骨水泥沿导管注入髓内钉的内部，此时侧孔18被髓内钉的内壁堵塞，注入时骨水泥首先沿穿刺针16的下孔17流入中筒5的底部，通过挡块15将中筒5的底部密封；S7. Use a bone cement filler to inject bone cement into the inside of the intramedullary nail along the catheter. At this time, theside hole 18 is blocked by the inner wall of the intramedullary nail. When injecting, the bone cement first flows into themiddle barrel 5 along thelower hole 17 of thepuncture needle 16 Bottom, the bottom ofmiddle cylinder 5 is sealed byblock 15;

S8、通过X光机观察患者的手术部，显影环7可以显示开槽6的位置，显影环7的缺口部即为开槽6的开口方向；S8. Observing the patient's surgical site through an X-ray machine, the developingring 7 can display the position of theslot 6, and the notch of the developingring 7 is the opening direction of theslot 6;

S9、在中筒5的底部填充满骨水泥后，缓缓向内孔8的外部拉动穿刺针16，使得穿刺针16的侧孔18移动至开槽6的位置，然后根据显影环7缺口的方向转动穿刺针16，使得侧孔18与开槽6导通；S9. After the bottom of themiddle cylinder 5 is filled with bone cement, slowly pull thepuncture needle 16 to the outside of theinner hole 8, so that theside hole 18 of thepuncture needle 16 moves to the position of theslot 6, and then according to the gap of the developingring 7 Rotate thepuncture needle 16 in the direction so that theside hole 18 is connected to theslot 6;

S10、中筒5的底部填充满骨水泥后，下孔17被堵塞，骨水泥沿侧孔18流出，再通过开槽6流出中筒5，抵达病灶处，将病灶稳固；S10, after the bottom of themiddle cylinder 5 is filled with bone cement, thelower hole 17 is blocked, the bone cement flows out along theside hole 18, and then flows out of themiddle cylinder 5 through theslot 6, reaching the lesion, and stabilizing the lesion;

S11、骨水泥注入完成后，拔出穿刺针16，通过端盖将上端部1顶部的内孔8密封；S11. After the bone cement injection is completed, pull out thepuncture needle 16, and seal theinner hole 8 at the top of theupper end 1 through the end cap;

S12、使用螺钉沿侧面穿过上端部1和下端部2的腰型孔3与定位孔4，将患者的骨骼与髓内钉固定在一起。S12. Use screws to pass through the waist-shapedhole 3 and thepositioning hole 4 of theupper end 1 and thelower end 2 along the side, and fix the bone of the patient with the intramedullary nail.

综上所述，本发明的髓内钉，通过设置有上端部1、下端部2以及中筒5，可以根据患者体内病灶的位置调整中筒5的安装方向，进而改变开槽6的方向，实现了对不同病状患者的适配；通过设置开槽6，在治疗骨折的同时可以将患者的病灶进行稳固，且有效减小了手术创口，减小患者的痛苦。In summary, the intramedullary nail of the present invention is provided with theupper end 1, thelower end 2 and themiddle barrel 5, so that the installation direction of themiddle barrel 5 can be adjusted according to the position of the lesion in the patient's body, and then the direction of theslot 6 can be changed. The adaptation to patients with different conditions is realized; by setting theslot 6, the focus of the patient can be stabilized while the fracture is being treated, and the surgical wound is effectively reduced, reducing the pain of the patient.

以上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围，对于本领域技术人员而言，应当能够意识到凡运用本发明说明书及图示内容所作出的等同替换和显而易见的变化所得到的方案，均应当包含在本发明的保护范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, they should be able to realize that all equivalents made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention The solutions obtained by replacement and obvious changes shall all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种可局部注射骨水泥的髓内钉，其特征在于，包括：上端部(1)、活动地设置于所述上端部(1)的底端的中筒(5)、活动地设置于所述中筒(5)底端的下端部(2)、开设于所述中筒(5)外侧壁的开槽(6)以及开设于所述上端部(1)与所述中筒(5)中轴的内孔(8)；其中，1. An intramedullary nail capable of locally injecting bone cement is characterized in that it comprises: an upper end (1), a middle tube (5) that is movably arranged at the bottom of the upper end (1), and is movably arranged on The lower end (2) of the bottom end of the middle tube (5), the slot (6) opened on the outer wall of the middle tube (5), and the slot (6) opened between the upper end (1) and the middle tube (5) The inner hole (8) of the central axis; wherein,所述内孔(2)贯穿所述上端部(1)延伸至所述中筒(5)的底端，所述中筒(5)的底端固定地设置有挡块(15)，所述中筒(5)的中轴线呈直线或近似于直线的折线或曲线。The inner hole (2) extends through the upper end (1) to the bottom end of the middle cylinder (5), and the bottom end of the middle cylinder (5) is fixedly provided with a stopper (15), the The central axis of the middle cylinder (5) is a straight line or a fold line or a curve close to a straight line.2.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述中筒(5)的顶端外侧壁开设有上安装槽(11)，所述上端部(1)与所述中筒(5)的连接处设置有上套筒(9)，所述中筒(5)的底端外侧壁开设有下安装槽(12)，所述下端部(2)与所述中筒(5)的连接处设置有下套筒(10)，所述上套筒(9)与所述上安装槽(11)相匹配，所述下套筒(10)与所述下安装槽(12)相匹配。2. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer wall of the top end of the middle tube (5) is provided with an upper mounting groove (11), and the upper end (1) and the middle tube ( 5) is provided with an upper sleeve (9), the outer wall of the bottom end of the middle cylinder (5) is provided with a lower installation groove (12), and the lower end (2) and the middle cylinder (5) A lower sleeve (10) is provided at the joint, the upper sleeve (9) matches the upper installation groove (11), the lower sleeve (10) matches the lower installation groove (12) match.3.根据权利要求2所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述上套筒(9)与所述下套筒(10)的侧壁均垂直地开设有同轴的两个锥形孔(13)，所述上安装槽(11)与所述下安装槽(12)的侧壁均同轴地开设有若干组连接孔(14)，所述锥形孔(13)与所述连接孔(14)之间连接有平头螺栓。3. The intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that, the side walls of the upper sleeve (9) and the lower sleeve (10) are vertically provided with two coaxial tapered holes (13), the side walls of the upper mounting groove (11) and the lower mounting groove (12) are coaxially provided with several groups of connection holes (14), and the tapered holes (13) are connected to the Flat head bolts are connected between the holes (14).4.根据权利要求2所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述上套筒(9)与所述上安装槽(11)转动连接，所述下套筒(10)与所述下安装槽(12)转动连接。4. The intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that, the upper sleeve (9) is rotatably connected to the upper mounting groove (11), and the lower sleeve (10) is connected to the lower mounting groove (11). Groove (12) is rotatably connected.5.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述上端部(1)与所述下端部(2)的外侧壁沿垂直于所述中筒(5)的方向均开设有腰型孔(3)，所述腰型孔(3)的顶部平行地开设有定位孔(4)。5. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer side walls of the upper end portion (1) and the lower end portion (2) are provided along a direction perpendicular to the middle cylinder (5). A waist-shaped hole (3), the top of the waist-shaped hole (3) is provided with a positioning hole (4) in parallel.6.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述中筒(5)位于所述开槽(6)的部位设置有显影环(7)。6 . The intramedullary nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that, a developing ring ( 7 ) is provided at the position of the middle barrel ( 5 ) located in the slot ( 6 ). 7 .7.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述上端部(1)的顶端可拆卸地设置有端盖。7. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top end of the upper end portion (1) is detachably provided with an end cap.8.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述内孔(8)的内部设置有穿刺针(16)，所述穿刺针(16)的底端开设有下孔(17)，所述穿刺针(16)的侧壁中部开设有侧孔(18)，所述穿刺针(16)的顶端连接有导管，所述导管的近端连接有骨水泥填充器。8. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, a puncture needle (16) is arranged inside the inner hole (8), and a lower hole (17) is provided at the bottom end of the puncture needle (16). ), the middle part of the side wall of the puncture needle (16) is provided with a side hole (18), the top end of the puncture needle (16) is connected with a catheter, and the proximal end of the catheter is connected with a bone cement filler.9.根据权利要求1所述的髓内钉，其特征在于，所述上端部(1)、所述下端部(2)以及所述中筒(5)均由钛合金制得。9. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper end (1), the lower end (2) and the middle barrel (5) are all made of titanium alloy.

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