Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the grinding fluid, the preparation method and the application thereof, and the grinding fluid has high grinding efficiency and is easy to clean.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the grinding fluid.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of the above-described abrasive liquid on the surface of a metal product.
According to the grinding fluid disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the preparation raw materials comprise grinding aid and silicon carbide;
The grinding aid comprises phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate;
the mass ratio of the phosphoric acid to the zinc nitrate is 0.1-1:0.1-1.
The powder metallurgy grinding fluid has at least the following beneficial effects:
The grinding effect of the grinding fluid on powder metallurgy can be remarkably increased by using the combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate, so that the grinding efficiency of the grinding fluid is improved. Only phosphoric acid or zinc nitrate is adopted independently, so that the grinding efficiency cannot be obviously improved, and the combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate can effectively prevent the occurrence of rust return in powder metallurgy after grinding. The combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate can form a layer of phosphating film on the surface of the powder metallurgy, so that the grinding difficulty is reduced, and the rust returning on the surface of the powder metallurgy can be prevented. Only when phosphoric acid and zinc ions exist in a certain proportion at the same time, a phosphating film can be produced, and the surface of the phosphating film cannot be produced due to the lack of one of the phosphoric acid and the zinc ions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid further comprises pumice powder.
The pumice powder has the characteristics of being porous and light, so that powder ground on the surface of powder metallurgy and abrasive in grinding fluid in the grinding process can be adsorbed, and the problem that the powder and the abrasive are deposited on the surface of a substrate to cause subsequent cleaning difficulty is avoided.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polishing slurry preparation raw material further comprises an anti-adhesion agent; the anti-sticking agent comprises at least one of agar powder and agarose.
The anti-adhesion agent can form a layer of invisible barrier layer on the surface of powder metallurgy, further reduces the re-adhesion of the powder ground on the surface of the powder metallurgy and the abrasive in the grinding fluid to the surface of a base material, and can obtain a clean surface by simply rinsing with water in the follow-up process.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the silicon carbide comprises cubic silicon carbide having a particle size of 6000 to 8000 mesh.
The cubic silicon carbide is also called beta-SiC, belongs to a cubic crystal system (diamond crystal form), and the equiaxed structural characteristics of the crystal determine that the beta-SiC has better natural sphericity and self-sharpening property than alpha-SiC (black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide), so that the beta-SiC has better grinding and polishing effects in the aspect of precise grinding.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.2 to 2 parts of zinc nitrate and 5 to 20 parts of silicon carbide.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid and 2 to 10 parts of pumice powder.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid and 0.5 to 5 parts of anti-adhesion agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.2 to 2 parts of zinc nitrate, 5 to 20 parts of silicon carbide, 2 to 10 parts of pumice powder and 0.5 to 5 parts of anti-adhesion agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slurry is prepared from a feedstock that also includes water.
A method for preparing the polishing liquid according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the steps of: mixing the silicon carbide and the grinding aid.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, a method of preparing a slurry comprises the steps of:
s1: mixing and dispersing the pumice powder, the anti-sticking agent and the silicon carbide to obtain a dispersion liquid;
s2: and (2) dissolving the grinding aid in water, mixing with the dispersion liquid in the step S1, and cooling.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the temperature of the mixed dispersion is 90 to 100 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the agitating mixing comprises agitating mixing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the stirring and mixing rate is 40-60 r/min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the mixing comprises stirring mixing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the stirring and mixing rate is 40-60 r/min.
Through stirring and dispersing the pumice powder, the anti-adhesion agent and the abrasive in advance, the anti-adhesion agent is fully dispersed, and gelatinous solid can be avoided, so that the stirring time is greatly saved.
Use of an abrasive liquid as described above in the surface treatment of a metal product according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal product comprises a powder metallurgy iron-based structure.
The powder metallurgy grinding fluid provided by the invention has high grinding efficiency, can effectively prevent rust return, and can obtain a clean surface only by simply rinsing with water in the follow-up process.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention. The test methods used in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used, unless otherwise specified, are those commercially available. If not specified, the same ingredients of each example and comparative example were purchased from the same manufacturer in the same batch; the corresponding parameters are the same as in example 1 unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 meshes), 81 parts of water, 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, stirring and dispersing pumice powder, agar powder and cubic silicon carbide (6000#) in advance according to the weight parts in the embodiment 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersion liquid;
S2, preparing 81 parts of water, heating to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate, mixing, adding the dispersion liquid in the step S1, stirring at constant temperature for 30min, wherein the stirring speed is 40r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding liquid.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000#), 81 parts of water, 0.5 part of phosphoric acid and 1.5 parts of zinc nitrate.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which comprises the following specific steps:
S1, stirring and dispersing pumice powder, agar powder and cubic silicon carbide (6000#) in advance according to the weight parts in the embodiment 3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersion liquid;
S2, preparing 81 parts of water, heating to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate, mixing, adding the dispersion liquid in the step S1, stirring at constant temperature for 30min, wherein the stirring speed is 40r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding liquid.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example a powder metallurgical slurry was prepared, and this comparative example differs from example 2 in that citric acid was used in place of phosphoric acid in example 1 by:
according to the weight portions, 5 portions of pumice powder, 2 portions of agar powder and 10 portions of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance, so that the pumice powder, the agar powder and the 10 portions are uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, the water is heated to 90 ℃,1 part of citric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate are sequentially added, and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance is stirred for 20 minutes at constant temperature, so that the agar powder is thoroughly dissolved. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example a powder metallurgical slurry was prepared, the difference between this comparative example and example 2 being that sodium nitrate was used in place of zinc nitrate in example 1, in the following steps:
According to the weight portions, 5 portions of pumice powder, 2 portions of agar powder and 10 portions of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance, so that the pumice powder, the agar powder and the 10 portions are uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, the water is heated to 90 ℃,1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of sodium nitrate are sequentially added, and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance is stirred for 20 minutes at constant temperature, so that the agar powder is thoroughly dissolved. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example was prepared as a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and the comparative example and example 2 are different in that no pumice powder was added, and the specific process is as follows:
According to the weight parts, 2 parts of agar powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance, so that the agar powder and the cubic silicon carbide are uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, the water is heated to 90 ℃,1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate are sequentially added, and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance is stirred for 20 minutes at constant temperature, so that the agar powder is thoroughly dissolved. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example was prepared as a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and the comparative example and example 2 are different in that no agar powder was added, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to parts by weight, so that the pumice powder and the cubic silicon carbide are uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, the mixture is heated to 90 ℃,1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate are sequentially added, and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance is stirred for 20 minutes at constant temperature. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example is a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and the difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that 0.05 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate are prepared by the following specific processes:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to parts by weight, so that the pumice powder and the cubic silicon carbide are uniformly mixed. Then, 81 parts of water was prepared, heated to 90℃and added with 0.05 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate in this order, and the powder was previously mixed as above, followed by stirring at constant temperature for 20 minutes. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example is a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and the difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is 1 part of phosphoric acid and 0.05 part of zinc nitrate, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000#) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to parts by weight, so that the pumice powder and the cubic silicon carbide are uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, the mixture is heated to 90 ℃, 1 part of phosphoric acid and 0.05 part of zinc nitrate are added in sequence, and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance is stirred for 20 minutes at constant temperature. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Test example 1
The effect of the powder metallurgy grinding fluids obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was tested in this test example, and the specific test method is as follows:
Grinding 10 powder metallurgy workpieces by a plane grinder, wherein the grinding time is 12min, the pressure is 20kg, the rotating speed is 50r/min, grinding liquid adopted in the grinding process is respectively from examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-6, the ground powder metallurgy workpieces are naturally drained after being rinsed for 2 times by pure water, and whether rust points appear on the surfaces of the workpieces is observed. After the surface is completely dried, wiping the surface with pure white cotton cloth, and observing whether black ash exists on the pure white cotton cloth. The wiped workpiece was tested for reduced thickness and roughness with a height gauge and a surface roughness meter, respectively, and the average was taken and the results of the relevant tests are shown in table 1:
Table 1 test results
As can be seen from the data of examples 1 and 2 in Table 1, the powder metallurgy grinding fluid has the advantages of strong cutting force and high grinding efficiency, can effectively prevent the occurrence of rust return in powder metallurgy, and has no ash layer on the surface after the grinding workpiece is rinsed by pure water. Comparative example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2,5, and 6 show that the combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate not only effectively prevents the occurrence of back rust in powder metallurgy, but also significantly enhances the grinding efficiency of the grinding fluid. From comparative example 1 and comparative examples 3 and 4, it is understood that pumice powder and agar powder act synergistically to prevent the powder ground from the surface of powder metallurgy and the abrasive in the grinding liquid from re-adhering to the surface of the substrate, and thus to prevent the surface from adhering to black ash.
The foregoing description is only of specific embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Insubstantial changes in certain process technologies, or substitutions of related technologies, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are all within the scope of the protection claimed in this application where insubstantial changes made by the present invention are deduced under the teachings of the concepts and embodiments described in this application.