CN115926316A - A kind of polypropylene composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of polypropylene composite material and preparation method thereofDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于聚丙烯技术领域，具体涉及一种聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of polypropylene, and in particular relates to a polypropylene composite material and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着对新能源市场的开发，聚丙烯材料因其优异的性能被广泛应用于新能源领域，随着对其材料级别的要求越来越多，越来越苛刻，市场对阻燃性聚丙烯复合材料的研究也越来越多。With the development of the new energy market, polypropylene materials are widely used in the field of new energy due to their excellent performance. As the requirements for their material grades become more and more demanding, the market is demanding flame-retardant polypropylene. Research on composite materials is also increasing.
虽然耐化学性/耐水解性的提高有利于提高材料整体的稳定性和综合性能，但是目前却很少有在阻燃性基础上对聚丙烯复合材料的耐水解性能的研究，因此，现有聚丙烯复合材料很少能在保证其力学性能的同时，还能平衡其阻燃性和耐水解性/耐化学性。Although the improvement of chemical resistance/hydrolysis resistance is conducive to improving the overall stability and comprehensive performance of the material, there are few studies on the hydrolysis resistance of polypropylene composites based on flame retardancy. Therefore, existing Polypropylene composites rarely offer a balance of flame retardancy and hydrolysis/chemical resistance while maintaining their mechanical properties.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种聚丙烯复合材料，以达到该材料能在保证其力学性能和阻燃性能的同时，具有较佳的耐化学性。The first object of the present invention is to provide a polypropylene composite material, so that the material can have better chemical resistance while ensuring its mechanical properties and flame retardancy.
一种聚丙烯复合材料，该材料包括以下成分：A polypropylene composite material comprising the following components:
聚丙烯、玻璃纤维、阻燃剂、相容剂、成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂。Polypropylene, glass fiber, flame retardant, compatibilizer, nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, alcoholysis resistant stabilizer.
优选的，由以下重量份的成分组成：Preferably, it consists of the following components by weight:
聚丙烯30～60％、玻璃纤维5～70％、阻燃剂10～25％、相容剂5～10％、成核剂0.1～3％、抗氧助剂0.1～3％、润滑剂0.1～3％、耐醇解稳定剂0.1～5％。Polypropylene 30-60%, glass fiber 5-70%, flame retardant 10-25%, compatibilizer 5-10%, nucleating agent 0.1-3%, antioxidant additive 0.1-3%, lubricant 0.1 ~3%, alcoholysis resistant stabilizer 0.1~5%.
优选的，所述聚丙烯为由改性剂改性的改性聚丙烯，其中，所述聚丙烯包括均聚聚丙烯、共聚聚丙烯中的至少一种，所述改性剂为偶联剂。Preferably, the polypropylene is modified polypropylene modified by a modifier, wherein the polypropylene includes at least one of homopolypropylene and copolymerized polypropylene, and the modifier is a coupling agent .
优选的，所述偶联剂包括KH590、KH550、KH560中的至少一种；Preferably, the coupling agent includes at least one of KH590, KH550, and KH560;
所述所述耐醇解稳定剂为耐乙二醇水解稳定剂，所述玻璃纤维为耐醇解玻璃纤维。The alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer is an ethylene glycol hydrolysis-resistant stabilizer, and the glass fibers are alcoholysis-resistant glass fibers.
采用上述技术方案，本申请的稳定剂采用耐乙二醇水解稳定剂，能够改善阻燃剂在乙二醇中的稳定性，从而同时保持本申请材料的力学性能，也能保持化学稳定性；另外，耐醇解玻纤的使用，较普通玻纤有更高的醇解稳定性，从力学性能上判断，较普通的玻纤，性能损失率也能降低。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the stabilizer of the present application adopts an ethylene glycol hydrolysis-resistant stabilizer, which can improve the stability of the flame retardant in ethylene glycol, thereby simultaneously maintaining the mechanical properties of the material of the present application and maintaining chemical stability; In addition, the use of alcoholysis-resistant glass fibers has higher alcoholysis stability than ordinary glass fibers. Judging from the mechanical properties, compared with ordinary glass fibers, the performance loss rate can also be reduced.
优选的，所述阻燃剂包括焦磷酸哌嗪、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、金属氧化物、硼化物中的至少一种。Preferably, the flame retardant includes at least one of piperazine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, metal oxide, and boride.
优选的，所述相容剂包括马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、马来酸酐接枝聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中的至少一种；Preferably, the compatibilizer includes at least one of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and maleic anhydride grafted polyglycidyl methacrylate;
所述成核剂包括长链饱和线性羧酸盐，山梨糖醇类化合物，壬醇类化合物，木糖醇类化合物，磷类化合物，三氨基苯衍生物中的至少一种。The nucleating agent includes at least one of long-chain saturated linear carboxylate, sorbitol compounds, nonanol compounds, xylitol compounds, phosphorus compounds, and triaminobenzene derivatives.
优选的，所述抗氧助剂包括受阻酚类抗氧剂、受阻胺类抗氧剂，亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，硫代酯类抗氧剂，磷酸盐类抗氧剂中的至少一种。Preferably, the antioxidant auxiliary agent includes at least one of hindered phenolic antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, thioester antioxidants, and phosphate antioxidants kind.
采用上述技术方案，本申请的抗氧助剂能配制成一个复配抗氧助剂，受阻酚类抗氧剂具有较佳抗氧性，受阻胺类抗氧剂具有较佳抗光性，亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂稳定性好，能够提高加工过程的稳定性，磷酸盐类抗氧剂能够防止变色，提高稳定。By adopting the above technical scheme, the antioxidant adjuvant of the present application can be formulated into a compound antioxidant adjuvant. The hindered phenolic antioxidant has better oxidation resistance, and the hindered amine antioxidant has better light resistance. Phosphate antioxidants have good stability and can improve the stability of the processing process. Phosphate antioxidants can prevent discoloration and improve stability.
优选的，所述润滑剂包括硅类润滑剂和酰胺类润滑剂中的至少一种；Preferably, the lubricant includes at least one of silicon-based lubricants and amide-based lubricants;
所述耐乙二醇水解稳定剂包括金属氢氧化物、无机硅酸盐、环氧树脂中的至少一种。The glycol hydrolysis-resistant stabilizer includes at least one of metal hydroxide, inorganic silicate, and epoxy resin.
采用上述技术方案，金属氧化物为碱性物质，比如水滑石，可以有效防止阻燃剂分解后产生酸性物质，影响材料的老化和耐醇性能；无机硅酸盐，比如：纳米二氧化硅，对阻燃剂有协效保护作用，同时还能稳定阻燃剂的阻燃效果；环氧树脂，不管在老化试验条件还是在醇解试验条件下，环氧树脂都可以形成交联网状结构，提高材料的热稳定性，特别在醇解条件下，可以有效防止阻燃剂被萃取的现象发生。Using the above technical scheme, the metal oxide is an alkaline substance, such as hydrotalcite, which can effectively prevent the flame retardant from decomposing to produce acidic substances, which will affect the aging and alcohol resistance of the material; inorganic silicate, such as nano-silicon dioxide, It has a synergistic protective effect on flame retardants, and can also stabilize the flame retardant effect of flame retardants; epoxy resin, no matter in aging test conditions or alcoholysis test conditions, epoxy resin can form a cross-linked network structure, Improving the thermal stability of materials, especially under alcoholysis conditions, can effectively prevent the phenomenon of flame retardants being extracted.
本发明另一个目的是提供上述聚丙烯复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned polypropylene composite material, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1)将所述聚丙烯和所述相容剂混合，得到预混料A1；(1) mixing the polypropylene and the compatibilizer to obtain a premix A1;
(2)将所述成核剂、所述抗氧助剂、所述润滑剂、所述耐醇解稳定剂混合，得到添加剂预混料；(2) mixing the nucleating agent, the antioxidant additive, the lubricant, and the alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer to obtain an additive premix;
(3)将步骤(1)的预混料A1、步骤(2)的添加剂预混料、所述阻燃剂、所述玻璃纤维混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到所述聚丙烯复合材料。(3) Mix, heat, melt, extrude, and pelletize the premix A1 of step (1), the additive premix of step (2), the flame retardant, and the glass fiber to obtain the polymer Acrylic composite.
优选的，在步骤(1)中，混合10～15min；在步骤(2)中，混合3～5min；在步骤(3)中，挤出温度为190～220℃。Preferably, in step (1), mixing for 10-15 minutes; in step (2), mixing for 3-5 minutes; in step (3), extrusion temperature is 190-220°C.
采用上述技术方案，本申请制备出的复合材料，提高了材料整体的耐热性，同时保证了材料的阻燃性、力学性能、耐化学性，可用于汽车或电子电器上的零件。By adopting the above technical solution, the composite material prepared by the present application improves the overall heat resistance of the material while ensuring the flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance of the material, and can be used for parts on automobiles or electronic appliances.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
第一，本申请综合性能好，本申请的抗氧助剂包括受阻酚类抗氧剂、受阻胺类抗氧剂，亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，硫代酯类抗氧剂，磷酸盐类抗氧剂，具体为：本申请的抗氧助剂能配制成一个复配抗氧助剂，受阻酚类抗氧剂具有较佳抗氧性，受阻胺类抗氧剂具有较佳抗光性，亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂稳定性好，能够提高加工过程的稳定性，磷酸盐类抗氧剂能够防止变色，提高稳定。First, this application has good comprehensive performance. The antioxidant additives of this application include hindered phenol antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, thioester antioxidants, phosphate antioxidants Antioxidants, specifically: the antioxidant additives of this application can be formulated into a compound antioxidant additives, hindered phenolic antioxidants have better antioxidant properties, hindered amine antioxidants have better light resistance , Phosphite antioxidants have good stability and can improve the stability of the processing process. Phosphate antioxidants can prevent discoloration and improve stability.
第二，本申请制备出的复合材料，提高了材料整体的耐化学性，同时保证了材料的阻燃性、力学性能、耐热性，具体为：本申请配方包括聚丙烯、玻璃纤维、阻燃剂、相容剂、成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂；耐醇解稳定剂采用耐乙二醇水解稳定剂，能够改善阻燃剂在乙二醇中的稳定性，从而同时保持本申请材料的力学性能，也能保持化学稳定性；另外，耐醇解玻纤的使用，较普通玻纤有更高的醇解稳定性，从力学性能上判断，性能损失率也能降低。Second, the composite material prepared by this application improves the chemical resistance of the material as a whole, and at the same time ensures the flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of the material. Specifically: the formulation of this application includes polypropylene, glass fiber, flame retardant Combustible agent, compatibilizer, nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer; alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer adopts ethylene glycol hydrolysis-resistant stabilizer, which can improve the flame retardant in ethylene glycol Stability, so as to maintain the mechanical properties of the materials of this application, and also maintain chemical stability; in addition, the use of alcoholysis-resistant glass fibers has higher alcoholysis stability than ordinary glass fibers. Judging from the mechanical properties, the performance Loss rates can also be reduced.
以上所述有益效果说明本申请该的材料能在保证其力学性能和阻燃性能的同时，具有较佳的耐化学性。The beneficial effects mentioned above indicate that the material of the present application can have better chemical resistance while ensuring its mechanical properties and flame retardancy.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
一种聚丙烯复合材料，配方如下述表1所示：A kind of polypropylene composite material, formula is as shown in following table 1:
表1Table 1
参照上述表1，本申请的制备包括如下步骤：With reference to above-mentioned Table 1, the preparation of the present application comprises the following steps:
(1)将改性剂和聚丙烯放入捏合机，充分捏合获得改性聚丙烯；(1) Put modifier and polypropylene into kneader, fully knead to obtain modified polypropylene;
(2)将改性聚丙烯、相容剂加入混合机，混合11min，得到预混料A1；(2) Add modified polypropylene and compatibilizer to the mixer, and mix for 11 minutes to obtain premix A1;
(3)将成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂放入混合机，混合4min，得到添加剂预混料；(3) Put the nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, and alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer into the mixer, and mix for 4 minutes to obtain the additive premix;
(4)将步骤(1)的预混料A1、步骤(2)的添加剂预混料均匀加入双螺杆挤出机的主喂料下料筒中，阻燃剂经双螺杆挤出机的侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，玻璃纤维从双螺杆挤出机侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，加料完毕后，经双螺杆挤出机混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到本申请的聚丙烯复合材料，其中，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为196℃，螺杆转速300rpm。(4) Add the premix A1 of step (1) and the additive premix of step (2) evenly into the main feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and the flame retardant passes through the lateral direction of the twin-screw extruder. The feeding lower barrel enters the twin-screw extruder, and the glass fiber enters the twin-screw extruder from the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder. After feeding, the twin-screw extruder is mixed, heated, melted, Extrude and pelletize to obtain the polypropylene composite material of the present application, wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 196° C., and the screw speed is 300 rpm.
实施例2Example 2
一种聚丙烯复合材料，配方如下述表2所示：A kind of polypropylene composite material, formula is as shown in following table 2:
表2Table 2
参照上述表2，本申请的制备包括如下步骤：With reference to above-mentioned Table 2, the preparation of the present application comprises the following steps:
(1)将改性剂和聚丙烯放入捏合机，充分捏合获得改性聚丙烯；(1) Put modifier and polypropylene into kneader, fully knead to obtain modified polypropylene;
(2)将改性聚丙烯、相容剂加入混合机，混合13min，得到预混料A1；(2) Add modified polypropylene and compatibilizer to the mixer, and mix for 13 minutes to obtain premix A1;
(3)将成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂放入混合机，混合4min，得到添加剂预混料；(3) Put the nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, and alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer into the mixer, and mix for 4 minutes to obtain the additive premix;
(4)将步骤(1)的预混料A1、步骤(2)的添加剂预混料均匀加入双螺杆挤出机的主喂料下料筒中，阻燃剂经双螺杆挤出机的侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，玻璃纤维从双螺杆挤出机侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，加料完毕后，经双螺杆挤出机混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到本申请的聚丙烯复合材料，其中，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为199℃，螺杆转速300rpm。(4) Add the premix A1 of step (1) and the additive premix of step (2) evenly into the main feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and the flame retardant passes through the lateral direction of the twin-screw extruder. The feeding lower barrel enters the twin-screw extruder, and the glass fiber enters the twin-screw extruder from the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder. After feeding, the twin-screw extruder is mixed, heated, melted, Extrude and pelletize to obtain the polypropylene composite material of the present application, wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 199° C., and the screw speed is 300 rpm.
实施例3Example 3
一种聚丙烯复合材料，配方如下述表3所示：A kind of polypropylene composite material, formula is as shown in following table 3:
表3table 3
参照上述表3，本申请的制备包括如下步骤：With reference to above-mentioned Table 3, the preparation of the present application comprises the following steps:
(1)将改性剂和聚丙烯放入捏合机，充分捏合获得改性聚丙烯；(1) Put modifier and polypropylene into kneader, fully knead to obtain modified polypropylene;
(2)将改性聚丙烯、相容剂加入混合机，混合13min，得到预混料A1；(2) Add modified polypropylene and compatibilizer to the mixer, and mix for 13 minutes to obtain premix A1;
(3)将成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂放入混合机，混合4min，得到添加剂预混料；(3) Put the nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, and alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer into the mixer, and mix for 4 minutes to obtain the additive premix;
(4)将步骤(1)的预混料A1、步骤(2)的添加剂预混料均匀加入双螺杆挤出机的主喂料下料筒中，阻燃剂经双螺杆挤出机的侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，玻璃纤维从双螺杆挤出机侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，加料完毕后，经双螺杆挤出机混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到本申请的聚丙烯复合材料，其中，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为210℃，螺杆转速300rpm。(4) Add the premix A1 of step (1) and the additive premix of step (2) evenly into the main feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and the flame retardant passes through the lateral direction of the twin-screw extruder. The feeding lower barrel enters the twin-screw extruder, and the glass fiber enters the twin-screw extruder from the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder. After feeding, the twin-screw extruder is mixed, heated, melted, Extrude and pelletize to obtain the polypropylene composite material of the present application, wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 210° C., and the screw speed is 300 rpm.
实施例4Example 4
一种聚丙烯复合材料，配方如下述表4所示：A kind of polypropylene composite material, formula is as shown in following table 4:
表4Table 4
参照上述表4，本申请的制备包括如下步骤：With reference to above-mentioned Table 4, the preparation of the present application comprises the following steps:
(1)将改性剂和聚丙烯放入捏合机，充分捏合获得改性聚丙烯；(1) Put modifier and polypropylene into kneader, fully knead to obtain modified polypropylene;
(2)将改性聚丙烯、相容剂加入混合机，混合15min，得到预混料A1；(2) Add modified polypropylene and compatibilizer to the mixer, and mix for 15 minutes to obtain premix A1;
(3)将成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂、耐醇解稳定剂放入混合机，混合4min，得到添加剂预混料；(3) Put the nucleating agent, antioxidant additive, lubricant, and alcoholysis-resistant stabilizer into the mixer, and mix for 4 minutes to obtain the additive premix;
(4)将步骤(1)的预混料A1、步骤(2)的添加剂预混料均匀加入双螺杆挤出机的主喂料下料筒中，阻燃剂经双螺杆挤出机的侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，玻璃纤维从双螺杆挤出机侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，加料完毕后，经双螺杆挤出机混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到本申请的聚丙烯复合材料，其中，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为220℃，螺杆转速300rpm。(4) Add the premix A1 of step (1) and the additive premix of step (2) evenly into the main feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and the flame retardant passes through the lateral direction of the twin-screw extruder. The feeding lower barrel enters the twin-screw extruder, and the glass fiber enters the twin-screw extruder from the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder. After feeding, the twin-screw extruder is mixed, heated, melted, Extrude and pelletize to obtain the polypropylene composite material of the present application, wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 220° C., and the screw speed is 300 rpm.
对比例1Comparative example 1
一种聚丙烯复合材料，配方如下述表5所示：A kind of polypropylene composite material, formula is as shown in following table 5:
表5table 5
参照上述表5，制备包括如下步骤：With reference to above-mentioned table 5, preparation comprises the steps:
(1)将聚丙烯、成核剂、抗氧助剂、润滑剂放入混合机，混合10min，得到预混料；(1) Put polypropylene, nucleating agent, antioxidant additives, and lubricant into the mixer, and mix for 10 minutes to obtain a premix;
(2)将步骤(1)的预混料均匀加入双螺杆挤出机的主喂料下料筒中，阻燃剂经双螺杆挤出机的侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，玻璃纤维从双螺杆挤出机侧向喂料下料筒进入双螺杆挤出机，加料完毕后，经双螺杆挤出机混合、加热、熔融、挤出、切粒，得到玻璃纤维改性聚丙烯复合材料，其中，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为198℃，螺杆转速300rpm。(2) Evenly add the premixed material in step (1) into the main feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and the flame retardant enters the twin-screw extruder through the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder , the glass fiber enters the twin-screw extruder from the side feeding lower barrel of the twin-screw extruder. After feeding, it is mixed, heated, melted, extruded, and pelletized by the twin-screw extruder to obtain glass fiber modification. The polypropylene composite material, wherein, the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 198° C., and the screw speed is 300 rpm.
对实施例1-4的聚丙烯复合材料与对比例1的聚丙烯复合材料进行取样，然后进行对比实验，具体为：(1)热老化实验：105℃1000h条件下在热老化试验箱中进行；(2)耐醇解实验：将样品在乙二醇中浸泡，然后105℃1000h条件下在热老化试验箱中进行热老化实验；结果如下述表6-8所示：The polypropylene composite material of Examples 1-4 and the polypropylene composite material of Comparative Example 1 were sampled, and then a comparative experiment was carried out, specifically: (1) Thermal aging experiment: carried out in a thermal aging test box under the condition of 105° C. for 1000 h (2) Alcoholysis resistance test: Soak the sample in ethylene glycol, and then conduct a heat aging test in a heat aging test box at 105°C for 1000h; the results are shown in the following Table 6-8:
表6Table 6
表7Table 7
表8Table 8
参照上述表6-8，可知如下：Referring to the above Table 6-8, it can be known as follows:
老化后拉伸强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到40％；Tensile strength retention after aging: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 40%;
耐醇解缺口冲击强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到50％；Retention rate of alcoholysis-resistant notched impact strength: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 50%;
老化后缺口冲击强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到25％；Notched impact strength retention rate after aging: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 25%;
耐醇解缺口冲击强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到40％；Retention rate of alcoholysis-resistant notched impact strength: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 40%;
老化后无缺口冲击强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到40.2％；Unnotched impact strength retention rate after aging: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 40.2%;
耐醇解无缺口冲击强度保留率：对比例1和本申请的相差可达到55％；Alcoholysis-resistant unnotched impact strength retention rate: the difference between Comparative Example 1 and the present application can reach 55%;
因此，本申请的聚丙烯复合材料能在保证其力学性能和阻燃性能的同时，具有较佳的耐化学性。Therefore, the polypropylene composite material of the present application can have better chemical resistance while ensuring its mechanical properties and flame retardancy.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still understand the foregoing embodiments The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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