Special-shaped woven fabric coiling device with adjustable angle and coiling methodTechnical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile machinery, and particularly relates to an angle-adjustable special-shaped woven fabric coiling device and a coiling method.
Background
With rapid development of engineering technology and material science, requirements of industrial production on material properties are also becoming higher and higher. The fiber reinforced composite material is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, wind power generation, ships and the like, particularly the aircraft manufacturing industry due to the unique and excellent performance. Woven fabrics woven by high-performance fibers such as carbon fibers, quartz fibers and glass fibers are usually cut into specific shapes to be used for layering of complex special-shaped surface components, and then the composite material components are formed after the composite materials are compounded. But the special-shaped components laid by the woven cloth are adopted, the fiber layer is discontinuous, the designability of the fiber trend is not strong, the defects of lap joint, fold and the like of the cloth layer exist, the waste of materials is large, and the performance of the components with high requirements on bearing capacity in the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like cannot be met.
The special-shaped components which need high-performance fiber composite materials are mostly space inextensible curved surfaces, are wrapped and wound by adopting common rectangular woven cloth, have the defects of cloth layer folds, fiber slippage and the like, and cannot meet the performance requirements of the materials. Therefore, the profiling weaving process is adopted, the integral weaving of the fiber reinforcement fabric is carried out according to the profile requirement, and the woven fabric has the characteristics of continuous fibers, fiber running direction design according to the material requirement, high profile application precision after wrapping and the like. The profiling weaving process is developed on the basis of the traditional weaving process and mainly comprises five motions of warp let-off, opening, weft insertion, beating-up and coiling. In order to realize profiling weaving of a space curved surface, coiling through a profiling die is critical, profiling cladding and coiling are performed while weaving is performed, and precision control of a fabric surface is realized.
A woven fabric of CN1194126C and a weaving method thereof, a weaving method of a non-rectangular shape such as a fan-shaped woven fabric is described, in which a profiling mold is used for winding, but other methods are used for weaving, the axis of the profiling mold is installed in parallel with the weaving plane, the profiling mold forms a certain angle with the weaving plane, slippage of warp yarn occurs during weaving, and uneven fabric density is caused. The utility model discloses a problem of sliding is solved in this patent, adopts auxiliary guide roller to carry out fibrous spacing, and the fabric of its complicated different molded surfaces needs to carry out auxiliary guide roller's adjustment and special design change, and the operation is complicated, and coiling apparatus specificity is high. The winding method can realize the forming winding of the special-shaped fabric through the variable cross-section die and the auxiliary pressing roller, but can not realize the winding along the direction of a bus aiming at the irregular fabric, and the winding angle is not adjustable. The publication number is CN211145164U, which introduces a universal coupling which mainly comprises a telescopic connecting rod and a universal joint and realizes universal transmission of a motion mechanism with larger bending angle and not in the same axis or the axis. Publication number CN200978895Y describes a cross-groove type universal coupling which allows a large angle of axis folding, high operational reliability, and simple structure. The universal transmission structure is mainly used for transmitting moment and motion, and is not applied to a coiling device for special-shaped woven fabrics. Publication No. CN108396444B describes an asynchronous multi-roller winding mechanism which mainly realizes asynchronous winding of different fabric layers of a three-dimensional fabric and solves the problem that a fabric fell is retracted towards a loom caused by a traditional single-roller winding mechanism. The publication No. CN203284573U describes a traction mechanism of a tubular three-dimensional loom, overcomes the problem that a roller type traction mechanism rolls three-dimensional fabrics and avoids the generation of crease of the three-dimensional fabrics.
The invention provides an angle-adjustable special-shaped woven fabric coiling device which can realize random adjustment of a certain angle in a coiling plane, realize coiling of the fabric along the direction of a bus, ensure the uniformity of warp tension and reduce yarn slippage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the prior art is difficult to perform plane profiling coiling on the fabric with complicated and special shapes.
The invention discloses an angle-adjustable special-shaped woven fabric coiling device which comprises two groups of lifting mechanisms, two driving mechanisms, a frame, universal steering mechanisms and special-shaped coiling dies, wherein the lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the frame and can independently move along the vertical direction;
the driving mechanism drives the connecting shaft to rotate so as to drive the special-shaped coiling mold on the coiling shaft to rotate, so that profile coiling of special-shaped woven fabrics is realized, along with the continuous increase of the thickness of fabric coiling, the tangential buses of the special-shaped coiling mold and the fabrics are also continuously changed, and the included angles between the axes of the coiling shaft and the special-shaped coiling mold and the weaving plane are adjusted by independently adjusting the heights of the lifting mechanisms on two sides, so that profile coiling of the buses of the fabrics and the special-shaped coiling mold is always tangential, slippage of warp yarns during coiling is reduced, and the warp and weft density uniformity of the fabrics is controlled.
Further, the lifting mechanism adopts various linear motion mechanisms, including a ball screw, an electric cylinder, a worm gear lifter, a gear rack or a screw rod.
Further, the driving mechanism adopts a motor driving mode, a hydraulic driving mode, an electromagnetic driving mode or a combined driving mode between the motor driving mode and the hydraulic driving mode.
Further, the shape of the profiled coiling mold includes a cone, a cylinder, a sphere, an ellipsoid.
Furthermore, the two ends of the coiling shaft are provided with universal telescopic joints, when the inclination angle of the special-shaped coiling mould is adjusted, the length of the shaft body attached to the special-shaped coiling mould is required to be changed, the requirement of the shaft extension is met through the universal telescopic joints, and when coiling is carried out, the rotary universal telescopic joints are adjusted according to the special-shaped coiling mould, so that the rotation of the special-shaped coiling moulds at different positions is met.
Furthermore, the mounting and fixing positions of the special-shaped coiling mold on the coiling shaft can be adjusted, the positions of the special-shaped coiling mold are moved according to the positions of warp yarns, and the alignment of the coiling center position and the weaving center is ensured.
The lifting mechanism comprises a control handle, a locking mechanism, a slideway and a movable sliding block, wherein the control handle is rigidly connected with the movable sliding block, the movable sliding block is directly connected with the universal steering mechanism, the movable sliding block is driven to vertically move in the slideway by adjusting the movement of the control handle, the lifting mechanisms at two sides can be independently adjusted, the lifting actions of the lifting mechanisms at two sides are controlled by an external control system, and the lifting mechanisms at two sides are respectively lifted according to a preset control programming rule, so that the change of the inclination angle of the die is realized, and the bus of the special-shaped coiling die is always tangential to the profiling of the plain fabric.
The universal steering mechanism comprises a left universal joint, an extension mechanism, a locking mechanism and a right universal joint, one end of the left universal joint is connected with a left lifting mechanism, the right universal joint is connected with a right lifting mechanism, the other end of the left universal joint is connected with the extension mechanism, the extension mechanism can realize extension and locking, the extension distance is adjusted according to the inclination angle of a special-shaped coiling mold, a coiling shaft is arranged between one end of the extension mechanism, which is far away from the left universal joint, and the right universal joint, a special-shaped coiling mold is arranged on the coiling shaft, locking mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the special-shaped coiling mold, the special-shaped coiling mold is locked on the coiling shaft through the locking mechanisms after position adjustment according to the distribution range of warp yarns, and the locking mechanisms and the special-shaped coiling mold are rigidly connected through mechanical structures, so that synchronous rotation of the special-shaped coiling mold and the universal steering mechanism is guaranteed.
Further, the driving mechanism is driven by a motor, the motor is connected to a connecting shaft of the universal steering mechanism through a plum coupling after passing through a speed reducer, and the connecting shaft is fixed on the sliding block through matching with a bearing.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention also discloses a special-shaped woven fabric coiling method with adjustable angle, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, adjusting the position of a special-shaped coiling mould on a coiling shaft to ensure that the coiling center position is aligned with the weaving center;
Step 2, the driving mechanism drives the connecting shaft to rotate so as to drive the special-shaped coiling mold on the coiling shaft to rotate, so that the profiling coiling of the special-shaped woven fabric is realized;
And 3, adjusting the included angles between the axes of the winding shaft and the special-shaped winding die and the weaving plane by independently adjusting the heights of the lifting mechanisms at two sides, so that the fabric bus and the special-shaped winding die are always kept profiling tangency.
Compared with the prior art, the device has the remarkable progress that 1) the device is specially designed aiming at the profiling characteristics of special woven fabrics, the problem of warp slip in profiling fabric weaving is solved by adjusting the winding angle, 2) the device replaces part of auxiliary guiding devices by adjusting the winding angle in the winding process, simplifies the structure of the device, fully utilizes the electromechanical integration technology, is convenient to operate and maintain, can realize the rapid conversion of winding of different types of fabrics, has wide application range and easy adjustment and maintenance, 3) the device is in a modularized design, can be installed on a mature loom, can be suitable for winding of common rectangular fabrics, fan-shaped fabrics and the like, has wide application range and convenient adjustment, 4) the device can realize the parallelism of a weaving plane and a die bus of the three-dimensional fabric, can adjust the relative position relation of the weaving plane and the die bus according to the distance of the weaving plane and the die bus, can ensure the modeling accuracy of the weaving, can realize the multi-angle adjustment of the die in the direction perpendicular to the weaving plane, further adjust the angle of the die bus and the plane, reduce the slippage caused by winding in the weaving of the special woven fabrics, and realize continuous automatic winding of yarns.
In order to more clearly describe the functional characteristics and structural parameters of the present invention, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an angle-adjustable profiled woven fabric take-up device
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a steering mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a tapered fabric profile weave;
FIG. 5 is a special-shaped winding mold schematic diagram of change of included angle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus during a fabric winding process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the tangent of a profiled coiling block and a busbar of a sheet fabric;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for winding an angle-adjustable special-shaped woven fabric;
The drawing has the reference numerals of a lifting mechanism 1, a driving mechanism 2, a frame 3, a universal steering mechanism 4, a special-shaped coiling mold 5, a control handle 101, a locking mechanism 102, a slideway 103, a movable sliding block 104, a left universal joint 401, an extension mechanism 402, a locking mechanism 403 and a right universal joint 404.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lifting mechanism 1 realizes lifting within a certain range through the control handle 101, the lifting mechanisms 1 on two sides are connected with the universal steering mechanism 4, the universal steering mechanism 4 can realize stretching and retracting within a certain distance so as to meet the requirements of different lengths of the universal steering mechanism 4 when the special-shaped coiling mold 5 changes in different angles, the universal steering mechanism 4 cooperates with the lifting mechanisms 1 on two sides to realize combination of different heights so as to realize angle inclination within a certain range of the special-shaped coiling mold 5, so that the optimal coiling position is achieved, the universal steering mechanism 4 is connected with the driving mechanism 2, and the driving mechanism 2 acts to realize rotation within a certain precision range of the whole coiling device.
As shown in fig. 2, the lifting mechanism 1 is composed of a control handle 101, a locking mechanism 102, a slideway 103 and a movable slider 104. The control handle 101 is rigidly connected with the movable slide block 104, the movable slide block 104 is directly connected with the universal steering mechanism 4, the movable slide block 104 is driven to vertically move in the slide ways 103 by adjusting the movement of the control handle 101, and the slide ways 103 on two sides can be adjusted asynchronously.
As shown in fig. 3, the universal steering mechanism 4 is composed of a left universal joint 401, an extension mechanism 402, a locking mechanism 403, and a right universal joint 404. The left universal joint 401 is connected with the left lifting mechanism 1, the left universal joint 401 can realize space multi-degree of freedom rotation, the tail of the left universal joint 401 is provided with an extension mechanism 402, extension within a certain range can be realized, an appointed extension distance can be locked through a mechanical mechanism, extension within a certain range can be carried out according to the inclination angle of the special-shaped coiling mold 5, the special-shaped coiling mold 5 can be adjusted to an optimal position according to the distribution range of warp yarns, the special-shaped coiling mold 5 is locked through a locking mechanism 403, the locking mechanism 403 can be rigidly connected with the special-shaped coiling mold 5 through a mechanical structure, and synchronous rotation of the special-shaped coiling mold 5 and the universal steering mechanism 4 is guaranteed, and the right universal joint 404 is connected with the right lifting mechanism 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the mechanical transmission part of the driving mechanism 2 includes a motor, a speed reducer, and a coupling. The motor is driven by a motor, the motor and the speed reducer are fixed at the bottom end of the frame through bolts, the motor is connected with a transmission shaft of the universal steering mechanism 4 through a plum coupling, and the transmission shaft is fixed on the movable sliding block 104 through being matched with a bearing.
As shown in fig. 4, the tapered fabric is woven using carbon fiber, for example, by weaving a tapered fabric. Designing and constructing a conical mold, installing the mold on a coiling shaft, adjusting lifting mechanisms at two sides to realize that bus bars of conical coiling molds with different conicities are parallel to a weaving port, and fixing warp yarn heads on the conical mold. After the loom is used for shedding, weft insertion and beating-up of warp yarns, the coiling shaft is driven to rotate by a certain angle through the driving mechanism, so that profiling coiling of the forming fabric is realized. Because the warp yarn is tangent to the parallel generatrix of the coiling mould, no warp yarn slides. After the fabric coiled by the coiling shaft wraps the conical coiling mould for a circle, the coiling step distance is automatically adjusted through a control program, so that stable control of weft density is realized.
The working flow and principle of the application are as follows, some special-shaped components which need high-performance fiber composite materials, and the molded surfaces of the special-shaped components are mostly space inextensible curved surfaces, so that the special-shaped components cannot be spliced into space curved surfaces through the combination of plane plate fabrics. The device mainly realizes two functions of profiling and coiling in the braiding process of the special-shaped fabric. In the fabric forming process, along with the continuous increase of the thickness of fabric coiling, the special-shaped coiling mould and a bus tangent to the fabric are also continuously changed, in order to ensure the uniformity of the warp and weft densities of the fabric in the weaving process, the device ensures that the tangent angle between the special-shaped coiling mould and the fabric is changed along with the change of the coiling thickness of the fabric, the included angle a of the device is adjusted and changed in the weaving process (as shown in figure 5), the device also adjusts the position of the special-shaped coiling mould along with the increase of the thickness of the fabric, ensures the copying tangency of the bus and the mould of the fabric, reduces the slippage phenomenon of warp yarns during the coiling of the mould, and thus controls the uniformity of the warp and weft densities of the fabric.
As shown in fig. 6, according to the change rule of the fabric bus in the process of analyzing the special-shaped fabric, in the process of fabric molding, the thickness of the mold is continuously increased along with the coiling of the fabric, the bus position of the mold is changed regularly, the control system controls the action of the lifting driving device of the lifting mechanisms 1 on two sides, so that the lifting mechanisms 1 on two sides are respectively lifted according to the control programming rule, the regular change of the inclination angle of the special-shaped coiling mold 5 is realized, and the copying tangency of the bus of the special-shaped coiling mold 5 and the plane fabric is controlled (as shown in fig. 7). The special-shaped coiling mould 5 is driven by the driving mechanism 2 to coil the fabric through the universal steering mechanism 4 while the position of the special-shaped coiling mould 5 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 8, an angle-adjustable profiled woven fabric reeling method includes the steps of:
Step 1, adjusting the position of a special-shaped coiling mould on a coiling shaft to ensure that the coiling center position is aligned with the weaving center;
Step 2, the driving mechanism drives the connecting shaft to rotate so as to drive the special-shaped coiling mold on the coiling shaft to rotate, so that the profiling coiling of the special-shaped woven fabric is realized;
And 3, adjusting the included angles between the axes of the winding shaft and the special-shaped winding mold and the weaving plane by independently adjusting the heights of the lifting mechanisms at two sides, so that the profiling of the fabric bus and the special-shaped winding mold is always tangential.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.