CN115882207B - Broadband millimeter wave antenna array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband millimeter wave antenna and an array, wherein the antenna comprises an antenna unit, and the antenna unit comprises a radiator, an antenna substrate, an upper grounding layer, a feed substrate and a lower grounding layer which are connected and installed from top to bottom; the radiator is provided with an extension groove for lengthening the current path, the antenna substrate and the feed substrate are internally and vertically provided with coaxial-like lines, one end of each coaxial-like line is connected to the radiator, and the other end of each coaxial-like line extends into the feed substrate; the coaxial line is provided with a transmission line, the upper end of the transmission line is connected with the radiator, and the other end of the transmission line extends out of the lower grounding layer. The invention increases the current flow path on the radiator by arranging the long groove on the radiator, and plays a role in improving the bandwidth of the antenna by increasing the current flow path on the radiator; the coaxial-like lines penetrate through the antenna substrate to the radiator, so that the mutual coupling effect is reduced, and the signal transmission stability is improved; the range of signal access points of the coaxial-line-like line is enlarged through the transmission line.

Description

Broadband millimeter wave antenna array

Technical Field

The invention relates to an antenna and an array, in particular to a broadband millimeter wave antenna array.

Background

In recent years, with the steady development of 5GHz communication technology, the requirements of wireless communication systems for data signals are also increased, and the wireless communication systems tend to have wide frequency bands, high rates and miniaturization, which also promote the development of frequency bands towards millimeter wave frequency bands with wider spectrum resources. The pressure of relieving low-frequency congestion by utilizing rich spectrum resources of millimeter wave frequency bands is common in the industry.

However, the bandwidth coverage area of the existing broadband wave scanning antenna is limited, so that the antenna is limited in practical use. The frequency band of the conventional millimeter wave antenna is short, the overall size is small, and the millimeter wave antenna is arrayed in order to improve the practical use significance; the wave beam after the array scans the antenna, and mutual coupling exists between the single array units so as to generate surface waves, thereby influencing the scanning range of the antenna.

Therefore, how to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and thus increase the scanning performance is a problem that needs to be solved by the current wideband millimeter wave array antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a broadband millimeter wave antenna array so as to solve the problem of how to improve the bandwidth of the antenna of the conventional broadband millimeter wave antenna array.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a broadband millimeter wave antenna array is characterized in that: the antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit comprises a radiator, an antenna substrate, an upper grounding layer, a feed substrate and a lower grounding layer; the upper end of the antenna substrate is provided with a radiator, the lower end of the antenna substrate is provided with an upper grounding layer, the lower end of the upper grounding layer is provided with a feed substrate, and the lower end of the feed substrate is provided with a lower grounding layer; the antenna comprises an antenna substrate, a feed substrate, a radiator, a quasi-coaxial line, a feed substrate and a coaxial line, wherein the radiator is provided with an extension groove for lengthening a current path; a transmission line is arranged in the inner cavity of the quasi-coaxial line, the upper end of the transmission line is connected with the radiator, the other end of the transmission line extends out of the quasi-coaxial line, is arranged in the feed substrate in parallel with the plane of the feed substrate, and then vertically extends out of the lower grounding layer at the lower end of the feed substrate; the shielding column is also included; taking the end part of the lower end of the coaxial-like line as a circle center, taking a section of transmission line which is arranged in the feeding substrate and is parallel to the plane of the feeding substrate as a radius, wherein the included area is a wiring area, and a plurality of shielding columns wrap the wiring area and are arranged in the feeding substrate; the shielding column is connected with the upper grounding layer and the lower grounding layer; the antenna units are arrayed in an nxm structure, where neither N nor M is less than 2.

In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:

further, the radiator is rectangular, and the extension grooves are respectively formed in four vertex angles of the rectangular radiator.

Further, the extension groove is in a right triangle shape, and the radiator is in a cross shape.

Further, the transmission line comprises a connector joint, and the end part of the transmission line extending out of the lower grounding layer is provided with the connector joint.

Further, the height of the quasi-coaxial line ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm.

Further, the thickness of the antenna substrate ranges from 0.5mm to 0.762mm.

Further, the antenna comprises 64 antenna units, and the 64 antenna units are arrayed into a millimeter wave antenna by adopting an 8×8 structure.

Further, the upper end face of the antenna substrate of the millimeter wave antenna is provided with a metal structure for absorbing the surface wave of the antenna substrate, and the metal structure is arranged between adjacent radiators.

Further, the metal structure is C-shaped.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention increases the current flow path on the radiator by arranging the long groove on the radiator, and plays a role in improving the bandwidth of the antenna by increasing the current flow path on the radiator; the coaxial lines penetrate through the antenna substrate to the radiator, so that the distance between adjacent coaxial lines is large enough, the mutual coupling effect is reduced, and the effect of improving the signal transmission stability of the millimeter wave antenna is achieved; the range of the signal access point of the coaxial line can be enlarged through the transmission line, so that the coaxial line access point can be changed by an operator according to the requirement, and the radiator can be conveniently accessed to a signal source; the device provided by the invention has the advantages that the miniaturization is realized, and meanwhile, the wide-angle scanning performance is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit of a broadband millimeter wave antenna array according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an array structure of a wideband millimeter wave antenna array according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial array structure of a wideband millimeter wave antenna array according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. an antenna unit; 2. an antenna substrate; 21. a radiator; 22. an upper ground layer; 23. an elongated slot; 3. a power feeding substrate; 31. a lower ground layer; 32. a coaxial line; 33. a transmission line; 34. a connector fitting; 4. a shielding column; 41. a metal structure.

Description of the embodiments

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that the terms like "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like are also used for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, but rather the relative relationship of the terms may be altered or modified without materially altering the teachings of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a wideband millimeter wave antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that: comprises an antenna unit 1, wherein the antenna unit 1 comprises aradiator 21, an antenna substrate 2, anupper grounding layer 22, afeed substrate 3 and alower grounding layer 31; the upper end of the antenna substrate 2 is provided with aradiator 21, the lower end of the antenna substrate 2 is provided with anupper grounding layer 22, the lower end of theupper grounding layer 22 is provided with afeed substrate 3, and the lower end of thefeed substrate 3 is provided with alower grounding layer 31; anextension groove 23 for lengthening a current path is formed in the corner of theradiator 21, a coaxial-like line 32 is vertically arranged in the antenna substrate 2 and thefeed substrate 3 in a penetrating manner, one end of the coaxial-like line 32 is connected to theradiator 21, the other end of the coaxial-like line 32 extends into thefeed substrate 3, and an inner cavity is formed in the coaxial-like line 32; the inner cavity of thequasi-coaxial line 32 is provided with atransmission line 33, the upper end of thetransmission line 33 is connected with theradiator 21, the other end of thetransmission line 33 extends out of the quasi-coaxialline 32, a section oftransmission line 33 is arranged in thefeeding substrate 3 in parallel with the plane where thefeeding substrate 3 is positioned, thetransmission line 33 extends out of thelower grounding layer 31 at the lower end of thefeeding substrate 3 vertically, and the end part of thetransmission line 33 extending out of thelower grounding layer 31 is used for externally connecting other devices as required. The antenna units 1 are arranged in an n×m structure, where N and M are not less than 2.

In this way, the provision of theextension groove 23 in theradiator 21 increases the current flow path in theradiator 21, and the increase in the current flow path in theradiator 21 increases the bandwidth of the antenna. Since the millimeter wave antenna is formed by a plurality of antenna elements 1 being arrayed together, it results in many antenna elements 1 being wrapped inside; if a high frequency signal is transmitted from the side of the antenna substrate 2 into theradiator 21, a large number oftransmission lines 33 are distributed on the surface of the antenna substrate 2, which results in a limited distance interval between the large number oftransmission lines 33, and the influence of mutual coupling between thetransmission lines 33 is greater, thereby affecting the signal transmission stability of the single antenna unit 1; the coaxial-like lines 32 are penetrated from the antenna substrate 2 to theradiator 21, so that the distance between the adjacent coaxial-like lines 32 is large enough, the mutual coupling effect is reduced, and the effect of improving the signal transmission stability of the millimeter wave antenna is achieved. The range of the signal access point of the coaxial-like line 32 can be enlarged through thetransmission line 33, so that the coaxial-like line 32 access point can be changed by an operator according to the requirement, and theradiator 21 can be conveniently accessed to a signal source.

In this embodiment, thecoaxial line 32 may be an inner tube of a conventional coaxial line; thetransmission line 33 extends out of one end of thelower ground layer 31 at the lower end of thefeeding substrate 3, and can be used for connecting external devices such as pins of a chip or test devices as required.

In this embodiment, the shielding column 4 further includes a shielding region, and the shielding column 4 is disposed inside thefeeding substrate 3 by taking the lower end of the coaxial-like line 32 as a center and taking a section oftransmission line 33 disposed in thefeeding substrate 3 and parallel to the plane where thefeeding substrate 3 is located as a radius, wherein the included region is a wiring region, and the plurality of shielding columns 4 wrap the wiring region; the shield post 4 connects theupper ground layer 22 and thelower ground layer 31. In this way, thetransmission line 33 and the wiring area related to the transmission line are surrounded by the shielding column 4, and thetransmission line 33 can be effectively prevented from signal leakage in the process of transmitting high-frequency signals in thefeeding substrate 3 by matching theupper grounding layer 22 and thelower grounding layer 31, so that the stability of signal transmission is improved.

In this embodiment, theradiator 21 is rectangular, and theextension slots 23 are respectively formed at four top corners of therectangular radiator 21; thus, the effect of increasing the flow path of the current is ensured.

Wherein theelongated slot 23 is arranged in a right triangle shape, and theradiator 21 is in a cross shape; thus, the effect of increasing the flow path of the current is further ensured.

In the present embodiment, the end of thetransmission line 33 extending out of thelower ground layer 31 is provided with aconnector tab 34; in this way, the test equipment can be connected via the connector fitting 34 to test the antenna unit 1 as desired.

In this embodiment, the height of thecoaxial line 32 is in the range of 0.5mm-1.5mm, so as to ensure the connection effect of the antenna unit 1.

Wherein, the thickness of the antenna substrate 2 ranges from 0.5mm to 0.762mm, so that the thickness of the antenna substrate 2 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the height of thecoaxial line 32, and the inductance and the capacitance in the device can be mutually offset; canceling the inductance generated by the coaxial-like line 32 can improve the uniformity of the antenna signal.

In the present embodiment, 64 antenna units 1 are included, and 64 antenna units 1 are arrayed in an 8×8 structure to form a millimeter wave antenna.

Wherein, the upper end face of the antenna substrate 2 of the millimeter wave antenna is provided with ametal structure 41 for absorbing the surface wave of the antenna substrate 2, themetal structure 41 is arranged between theadjacent radiators 21, and the extending directions of themetal structure 41 and theradiators 21 are not overlapped.

Themetal structures 41 are C-shaped, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3,parallel metal structures 41 are disposed between the verticallyadjacent radiators 21, and twometal structures 41 with opposite C-shaped openings are disposed between the horizontallyadjacent radiators 21.

Thus, the surface wave of the antenna substrate 2 can be absorbed by themetal structure 41, thereby reducing the interference of the surface wave of the antenna substrate; and the extending directions of themetal structure 41 and theradiator 21 are not overlapped, so that the coupling influence of themetal structure 41 on theradiator 21 is reduced, the surface wave influence of the antenna substrate 2 is reduced, the consistency of antenna signals is enhanced, the scanning angle of the antenna is increased, and the practical use effect of the millimeter wave antenna is improved.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. A broadband millimeter wave antenna array is characterized in that: the antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units (1), wherein the antenna units (1) comprise a radiator (21), an antenna substrate (2), an upper grounding layer (22), a feed substrate (3) and a lower grounding layer (31); the antenna comprises an antenna substrate (2), wherein a radiator (21) is arranged at the upper end of the antenna substrate (2), an upper grounding layer (22) is arranged at the lower end of the antenna substrate (2), a feed substrate (3) is arranged at the lower end of the upper grounding layer (22), and a lower grounding layer (31) is arranged at the lower end of the feed substrate (3); an extension groove (23) for lengthening a current path is formed in the radiator (21), coaxial-like lines (32) are vertically arranged in the antenna substrate (2) and the feed substrate (3) in a penetrating mode, one end of each coaxial-like line (32) is connected to the radiator (21), the other end of each coaxial-like line (32) extends into the feed substrate (3), and an inner cavity is formed in each coaxial-like line (32); a transmission line (33) is arranged in the inner cavity of the quasi-coaxial line (32), the upper end of the transmission line (33) is connected with the radiator (21), the other end of the transmission line (33) extends out of the quasi-coaxial line (32), is arranged in the feed substrate (3) in parallel to the plane where the feed substrate (3) is positioned, and then vertically extends out of a lower grounding layer (31) at the lower end of the feed substrate (3); also comprises a shielding column (4); taking the lower end part of the quasi-coaxial line (32) as a circle center, taking a section of transmission line (33) which is arranged in the feed substrate (3) and is parallel to the plane of the feed substrate (3) as a radius, wherein the included area is a wiring area, and a plurality of shielding columns (4) wrap the wiring area and are arranged in the feed substrate (3); the shielding column (4) is connected with the upper grounding layer (22) and the lower grounding layer (31); the antenna units (1) are arranged in an N x M configuration, wherein both N and M are not less than 2.

2. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the radiator (21) is rectangular, and the extension grooves (23) are respectively formed in four vertex angles of the rectangular radiator (21).

3. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the extension groove (23) is in a right triangle shape, and the radiator (21) is in a cross shape.

4. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the transmission line (33) extends out of the end of the lower grounding layer (31) and is provided with a connector joint (34).

5. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the height of the quasi-coaxial line (32) ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm.

6. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the antenna substrate (2) ranges from 0.5mm to 0.762mm.

7. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the antenna comprises 64 antenna units (1), wherein 64 antenna units (1) are arrayed into a millimeter wave antenna by adopting an 8 multiplied by 8 structure.

8. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 7, wherein: the upper end face of the antenna substrate (2) of the millimeter wave antenna is provided with a metal structure (41) for absorbing surface waves of the antenna substrate (2), and the metal structure (41) is arranged between adjacent radiators (21).

9. The broadband millimeter wave antenna array of claim 8, wherein: the metal structure (41) is C-shaped.

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