CN115721797A - Wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system - Google Patents
Wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment systemDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
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Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及腹膜透析领域，具体是一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统。The invention relates to the field of peritoneal dialysis, in particular to a wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysis liquid circulation treatment system.
背景技术Background technique
肾功能不足或肾衰竭，特别是晚期肾脏疾病，导致身体失去排出水份和矿物质、排泄有害代谢产物、保持酸碱平衡、并将电解质和矿物质浓度控制在生理范围内的能力。如果不替代肾脏的过滤功能，有毒的尿毒症代谢废物包括在身体组织内积累的尿素、肌酸酐、尿酸等能够导致患者死亡。Kidney insufficiency or failure, especially in advanced kidney disease, causes the body to lose its ability to shed water and minerals, excrete harmful metabolites, maintain acid-base balance, and control electrolyte and mineral concentrations within physiological ranges. Toxic uremic metabolic wastes including urea, creatinine, uric acid, etc. that accumulate in body tissues can lead to death if the filtering function of the kidneys is not replaced.
为了存活，肾功能不足或肾衰竭的患者需要透析或者肾脏移植，如果成功，肾脏移植是最理想的治疗方式，因为其恢复连续的肾功能并使病人再回到正常或者接近正常的生活，但由于器官捐赠供体不足，绝大多数患者仍选择透析治疗。In order to survive, patients with renal insufficiency or renal failure require dialysis or a kidney transplant. If successful, kidney transplantation is the most ideal treatment because it restores continuous kidney function and allows the patient to return to a normal or near normal life, but Due to the shortage of organ donation donors, the vast majority of patients still choose dialysis treatment.
常规的血液净化方式需要患者长期频繁地往来医院，使得患者无法回归社会创造价值，人身自由受到限制，同时，与健康肾脏的连续工作模式相比，这种净化血液的不连续性导致尿毒症毒素清除效率低下，液体和尿毒症毒素在透析间期累积，随后在透析过程中液体、尿毒症毒素及电解质浓度快速变化，与健康肾脏所维持的稳定的内环境相差甚远，使得透析质量远远达不到预期水平。Conventional blood purification methods require patients to travel frequently to and from the hospital for a long time, making it impossible for patients to return to society to create value, and personal freedom is limited. At the same time, compared with the continuous working mode of healthy kidneys, this discontinuity of blood purification leads to uremic toxins. The removal efficiency is low, fluid and uremic toxins accumulate during the dialysis period, and then the concentration of fluid, uremic toxins and electrolytes changes rapidly during the dialysis process, which is far from the stable internal environment maintained by healthy kidneys, making the quality of dialysis far from not up to expectations.
腹膜透析是另一种类型的用于替代肾脏功能的透析治疗，该治疗将无菌的、不含热源的透析液注入到患者的腹腔中。腹膜起到天然的透析器的作用，毒性尿毒素性代谢废物和各种离子通过渗透梯度从患者的血流通过腹膜扩散到透析液中。腹膜透析治疗需要以半连续或者连续的方式将透析液除去、丢弃以及更换为新鲜的透析液。尽管不是所有的腹膜透析系统都需要在治疗中心进行医疗监护，但是腹膜透析所需的排出、丢弃和更换大体积的溶液仍然是不方便的、难以操作的和昂贵的。Peritoneal dialysis is another type of dialysis treatment used to replace kidney function by infusing sterile, pyrogen-free dialysate into the patient's abdominal cavity. The peritoneum acts as a natural dialyzer through which toxic uremic metabolic waste products and various ions diffuse from the patient's bloodstream through the peritoneum into the dialysate through an osmotic gradient. Peritoneal dialysis treatment requires the removal, disposal, and replacement of dialysate with fresh dialysate in a semi-continuous or continuous manner. Although not all peritoneal dialysis systems require medical supervision at the treatment center, the draining, discarding, and replacement of the large volumes of solution required for peritoneal dialysis remains inconvenient, difficult, and expensive.
为了解决这一问题，自20世纪80年代开始，人们对研发便携式肾脏替代治疗设备的兴趣日益增加，但目前尚没有设计出既能够连续操作并有效去除尿毒症代谢废物，又足够小且/或足够轻能够实际地被患者舒适地佩戴的装置。To address this issue, there has been increasing interest in developing portable renal replacement therapy devices since the 1980s, but there is currently no design that is capable of continuous operation and effectively removes uremic metabolic waste products, yet is small enough and/or A device that is light enough to be practically worn comfortably by the patient.
腹膜透析装置可以被设计为佩戴在患有肾脏疾病的患者身上。希望可佩戴的腹膜透析装置重量轻、尺寸小并同时仍能提供理想的功能和治疗益处。可佩戴的腹膜透析装置在尺寸和重量上的任何减少都能够使得可佩戴装置佩戴得更舒适并减少麻烦。更小更轻得可佩戴装置能够极大地提高佩戴该可佩戴腹膜透析装置得患者的生活质量。A peritoneal dialysis device can be designed to be worn by patients with kidney disease. It is desirable for a wearable peritoneal dialysis device to be lightweight and small in size while still providing desirable functionality and therapeutic benefits. Any reduction in the size and weight of a wearable peritoneal dialysis device can make the wearable device more comfortable and less cumbersome to wear. A smaller and lighter wearable device can greatly improve the quality of life of a patient wearing the wearable peritoneal dialysis device.
现阶段使用腹膜透析治疗的患者，每天需要10~20L的透析液进行多次交换，若要实现将腹膜透析装置佩戴在患有肾脏疾病的患者身上，如何回收利用从患者体中排出的废的腹膜透析液是无法绕开的问题。At present, patients treated with peritoneal dialysis need 10-20L of dialysate to be exchanged multiple times a day. If the peritoneal dialysis device is to be worn on a patient with kidney disease, how to recycle the waste discharged from the patient's body? Peritoneal dialysis fluid is an unavoidable problem.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulating treatment system.
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为：一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，包括The technical solution to realize the object of the present invention is: a wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system, comprising
与用于提供向患者腹腔内的流入以及流出的部件连接的一个或多个入口；one or more inlets connected to means for providing inflow and outflow into the patient's abdominal cavity;
一定体积的废腹膜透析液，其包含患者体内已经扩散到腹膜透析液中的尿毒性代谢废物；a volume of spent peritoneal dialysis fluid containing uremic metabolic waste from the patient's body that has diffused into the peritoneal dialysis fluid;
至少一个闭环流体回路，此闭环流体回路承载来自尚未过滤完全的废透析液；at least one closed-loop fluid circuit, the closed-loop fluid circuit carries spent dialysate from not fully filtered;
至少一个连接到闭环流体回路中的泵，该泵用于对一定体积的废腹膜透析液进行增压。并将增压后的废腹膜透析液输送至过滤系统；At least one pump connected to the closed loop fluid circuit for pressurizing a volume of spent peritoneal dialysate. And transport the pressurized waste peritoneal dialysate to the filtration system;
连接到流体系统环路中的过滤系统，所述过滤系统将至少一种毒素从所述废腹膜透析液中除去；a filtration system connected in the fluid system loop, the filtration system removes at least one toxin from the spent peritoneal dialysate;
至少一个连接到闭环流体回路中的减压阀，该减压阀用于对流经过滤系统但尚未过滤完全的废透析液进行减压。并将减压后的废腹膜透析液流入至废腹膜透析液存储装置中。At least one pressure relief valve connected to the closed loop fluid circuit for depressurizing spent dialysate flowing through the filtration system but not completely filtered. And the decompressed waste peritoneal dialysate flows into the waste peritoneal dialysate storage device.
进一步地，过滤过程将废腹膜透析液分离成废腹膜透析浓缩液和过滤后的液体。Further, the filtration process separates the spent peritoneal dialysis fluid into spent peritoneal dialysis concentrated fluid and filtered fluid.
进一步地，所述的闭环流体回路中包括至少一个分叉的流体通道，该流体通道用于将废腹膜透析浓缩液排出。该通道由电磁阀或其他控制通断的装置调节通道的流通与断开。Further, the closed-loop fluid circuit includes at least one bifurcated fluid channel, which is used to discharge the waste peritoneal dialysis concentrate. The flow and disconnection of the channel is regulated by a solenoid valve or other on-off devices.
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点为：本发明能够保证废腹膜透析液净化的质量，同时减少对废腹膜透析液的浪费。本发明将从患者腹腔内引流出的废透析液进行过滤，过滤过程将流体分离成废腹膜透析浓缩液和过滤后的液体，所述废腹膜透析浓缩液经过减压阀进行降压，重新回流至废腹膜透析液袋进行循环处理，从而提高对废腹膜透析液的过滤效果，减少废腹膜透析液体的丢弃率。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the remarkable advantages that: the present invention can ensure the quality of waste peritoneal dialysate purification and reduce the waste of waste peritoneal dialysate at the same time. The invention filters the waste dialysate drained from the patient's peritoneal cavity, and the fluid is separated into waste peritoneal dialysis concentrated liquid and filtered liquid during the filtration process, and the waste peritoneal dialysis concentrated liquid is depressurized through a pressure reducing valve and reflowed The waste peritoneal dialysis fluid bag is recycled, thereby improving the filtration effect of the waste peritoneal dialysis fluid and reducing the discarding rate of the waste peritoneal dialysis fluid.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是根据本发明实施例的可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，将从患者腹腔内引流出的废透析液进行过滤，过滤过程将流体分离成废腹膜透析浓缩液和过滤后的液体。所述废腹膜透析浓缩液经过减压阀进行降压，重新回流至废腹膜透析液袋进行循环处理，通过以下技术方案实现：A wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulating treatment system of the present invention filters the waste dialysate drained from the patient's abdominal cavity, and the fluid is separated into waste peritoneal dialysis concentrate and filtered liquid during the filtration process. The waste peritoneal dialysis concentrated solution is depressurized through a pressure reducing valve, and then returned to the waste peritoneal dialysis fluid bag for recycling treatment, which is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，包括与用于提供向患者腹腔内的流入以及流出的部件连接的一个或多个入口，从患者腹腔内引流出一定体积的废腹膜透析液，并将废腹膜透析液进行存储。由于患者腹腔能够承受的压力较低，存储装置内的废腹膜透析液压力大约在30kpa以内，如果要将废透析液进行有效的过滤，30kpa以下的压力难以通过过滤装置。即便过滤装置的最低能够满足30kpa以下的压力要求，过滤的效率也会大大降低。为了提高毒素清除效率，需要对废腹膜透析液进行增压处理。增压后的废腹膜透析液在压差的作用下，一部分液体通过过滤装置实现毒素清除。A wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system, including one or more inlets connected to components for providing inflow and outflow into the patient's abdominal cavity, and draining a certain volume of waste peritoneal dialysate from the patient's peritoneal cavity , and store the waste peritoneal dialysate. Due to the low pressure that the patient's abdominal cavity can withstand, the pressure of the waste peritoneal dialysate in the storage device is about 30kpa. If the waste dialysate is to be effectively filtered, it is difficult for the pressure below 30kpa to pass through the filter device. Even if the minimum filter device can meet the pressure requirement below 30kpa, the efficiency of filtration will be greatly reduced. In order to improve the efficiency of toxin removal, it is necessary to pressurize the spent peritoneal dialysate. Under the action of the pressure difference of the pressurized waste peritoneal dialysate, a part of the liquid passes through the filter device to remove toxins.
为了延长过滤装置的使用寿命，需要将尚未过滤完全的废腹膜透析浓缩液进行引流。对于基于腹膜透析的可穿戴人工肾设备来说，将废腹膜透析液进行抛弃的后果就是患者需要背负更多的透析液。本发明通过带有减压阀的回路将高压的废腹膜透析浓缩液进行减压后流入至废腹膜透析液存储装置中进行循环处理。不仅提高过滤装置的清除效率，也减少了废腹膜透析液的抛弃。In order to prolong the service life of the filter device, it is necessary to drain the waste peritoneal dialysis concentrate that has not been completely filtered. For wearable artificial kidney devices based on peritoneal dialysis, the consequence of discarding the waste peritoneal dialysate is that the patient needs to carry more dialysate. In the present invention, the high-pressure waste peritoneal dialysis concentrated liquid is decompressed through a circuit with a decompression valve, and then flows into the waste peritoneal dialysis liquid storage device for circulation treatment. It not only improves the removal efficiency of the filter device, but also reduces the discarding of waste peritoneal dialysate.
患者在日常生活中，会通过各种方式摄入一定量的水分，这便会导致从患者引流出来的废腹膜透析液大于注入的新鲜腹膜。本发明的可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，当判断废腹膜透析液相较于注入的新鲜透析液多出一定的量时，通过电磁阀或其他控制通断的装置6控制的循环处理回路中的流体通道7便会打开，排放出一定量的废腹膜透析浓缩液排出，进一步延长过滤装置的使用寿命。In daily life, patients will take in a certain amount of water in various ways, which will cause the waste peritoneal dialysate drained from the patient to be larger than the fresh peritoneum injected. In the wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system of the present invention, when it is judged that the waste peritoneal dialysate has a certain amount more than the injected fresh dialysate, the cycle controlled by the solenoid valve or other on-off
下面结合说明书附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the description.
本发明较佳的具体实施方式如图1所示。A preferred specific embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
一种可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，包括与用于提供向患者腹腔内的流入的入口5以及流出的入口1，从患者腹腔内引流出一定体积的废腹膜透析液，并将废腹膜透析液存储在存储袋2中。由于患者腹腔能够承受的压力较低，存储袋内的废腹膜透析液压力大约在30kpa以内，如果要将废透析液进行有效的过滤，30kpa以下的压力难以通过过滤装置4。即便过滤装置4的最低能够满足30kpa以下的压力要求，过滤的效率也会大大降低。为了提高毒素清除效率，需增压泵3要对废腹膜透析液进行增压处理。增压后的废腹膜透析液在压差的作用下，一部分液体通过过滤装置4实现毒素清除。A wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system, including an
为了延长过滤装置的使用寿命，需要将尚未过滤完全的废腹膜透析浓缩液进行引流。对于基于腹膜透析的可穿戴人工肾设备来说，将废腹膜透析液进行抛弃的后果就是患者需要背负更多的透析液。本发明通过带有减压阀8的回路将高压的废腹膜透析浓缩液进行减压后流入至废腹膜透析液存储装置中进行循环处理。不仅提高过滤装置的清除效率，也减少了废腹膜透析液的抛弃。In order to prolong the service life of the filter device, it is necessary to drain the waste peritoneal dialysis concentrate that has not been completely filtered. For wearable artificial kidney devices based on peritoneal dialysis, the consequence of discarding the waste peritoneal dialysate is that the patient needs to carry more dialysate. In the present invention, the high-pressure waste peritoneal dialysis concentrated liquid is decompressed through a circuit with a
患者在日常生活中，会通过各种方式摄入一定量的水分，这便会导致从患者引流出来的废腹膜透析液大于注入的新鲜腹膜。本发明的可穿戴人工肾废腹膜透析液循环处理系统，当判断废腹膜透析液相较于注入的新鲜透析液多出一定的量时，通过电磁阀或其他控制通断的装置6控制的循环处理回路中的流体通道7便会打开，排放出一定量的废腹膜透析浓缩液排出，进一步延长过滤装置的使用寿命。In daily life, patients will take in a certain amount of water in various ways, which will cause the waste peritoneal dialysate drained from the patient to be larger than the fresh peritoneum injected. In the wearable artificial kidney waste peritoneal dialysate circulation treatment system of the present invention, when it is judged that the waste peritoneal dialysate has a certain amount more than the injected fresh dialysate, the cycle controlled by the solenoid valve or other on-off
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| WO2022119908A1 (en)* | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-09 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Dialysate filter |
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- 2022-11-14CNCN202211418956.4Apatent/CN115721797A/enactivePending
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| CN101155607A (en)* | 2005-02-16 | 2008-04-02 | 特莱奥美德股份公司 | System and method for regeneration of a fluid |
| CN101784292A (en)* | 2007-08-23 | 2010-07-21 | 弗雷泽纽斯医疗保健控股有限公司 | Artificial kidney dialysis system |
| CN201871326U (en)* | 2010-09-01 | 2011-06-22 | 厦门绿信环保科技有限公司 | Scale inhibition and pollution-preventing device for membrane separation |
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