CN115576124A - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, manufacturing method and display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a manufacturing method and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises a dimming box and a display box which are mutually overlapped; the light modulation box comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the lower substrate is arranged opposite to the upper substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, a first visual angle electrode is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer, of the upper substrate, a second visual angle electrode matched with the first visual angle electrode is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer, of the lower substrate, the upper substrate is located on the light emitting side of the lower substrate, and a metal reflecting layer of a latticed structure is arranged on the lower substrate. Through base plate setting metal reflection stratum under, the metal reflection stratum can the reflection ambient light, and the wide and narrow visual angle of collocation first visual angle electrode and second visual angle electrode control switches, can realize better narrow visual angle effect, and in addition, the metal reflection stratum adopts latticed structure, can not influence seeing through of being shaded basically, and the intensity of reflection ambient light is also relatively weak, can not influence the display effect at wide visual angle yet.

Description

Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, manufacturing method and display device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a manufacturing method and a display device.

Background

With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 112 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

At present mainly take attached tripe barrier film on the display screen to realize the switching of wide narrow visual angle, when needs peep-proof, utilize the tripe barrier film to cover the screen and can reduce the visual angle, but this kind of mode needs additionally to prepare the tripe barrier film, can cause very big inconvenience for the user, and a tripe barrier film can only realize a visual angle, in case attached to the tripe barrier film after, the visual angle is just fixed in narrow visual angle mode, lead to can't freely switch between wide visual angle mode and narrow visual angle mode, and the tripe barrier film can cause the luminance to reduce and influence the display effect.

The prior art also has a technology of switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle by using a dual cell structure of a dimming cell and a display panel, the display panel is used for normal image display, the dimming cell is used for controlling the viewing angle switching, the dimming cell comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and viewing angle control electrodes on the upper substrate and the lower substrate apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules to deflect liquid crystals in the vertical direction, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle mode. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles usually needs to be matched with a compensation film and an APF film to have a good narrow viewing angle effect, but the increase of the compensation film and the APF film also causes the wide viewing angle effect to be poor, and also increases the box thickness and the manufacturing cost of the display panel.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device, so as to solve the problem that a good wide viewing angle effect cannot be ensured while a narrow viewing angle effect is improved in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, which comprises a dimming box and a display box which are mutually stacked;

the light modulation box includes the upper substrate, with the relative infrabasal plate that sets up of upper substrate and locating the upper substrate with first liquid crystal layer between the infrabasal plate, the upper substrate orientation one side of first liquid crystal layer is equipped with first visual angle electrode, the infrabasal plate orientation one side of first liquid crystal layer be equipped with first visual angle electrode matched with second visual angle electrode, the upper substrate is located the light-emitting side of infrabasal plate, be equipped with latticed structure's metal reflector layer on the infrabasal plate.

Furthermore, the metal reflecting layer corresponds to a display area of the display panel, a first black matrix is arranged on the upper substrate, and the first black matrix corresponds to a non-display area of the display panel.

Furthermore, the metal reflection layer comprises a grid area and a frame area positioned at the periphery of the grid area, the grid area corresponds to the display area of the display panel, and the frame area corresponds to the non-display area of the display panel.

Furthermore, the shape of the opening on the metal reflecting layer is a diamond shape.

Further, the display panel is provided with a plurality of pixel units, and the metal reflecting layer is positioned at the edge of the pixel units and separates the pixel units from one another; the shape of the opening on the metal reflecting layer is the same as that of the pixel unit.

Further, the metal reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the lower substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer; or the metal reflecting layer is positioned between the dimming box and the display box.

Further, the display box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate, and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate; the display box is characterized in that a first polaroid is arranged on one side, away from the display box, of the dimming box, a second polaroid is arranged between the dimming box and the display box, a third polaroid is arranged on one side, away from the dimming box, of the display box, a transmission shaft of the first polaroid is parallel to a transmission shaft of the second polaroid, and the transmission shaft of the third polaroid is perpendicular to the transmission shaft of the second polaroid.

The application also provides a display device comprising the display panel.

The present application further provides a manufacturing method of a display panel, the manufacturing method is used for manufacturing the display panel, and the manufacturing method includes:

providing a substrate, and sequentially covering a reflective metal film and a light resistance layer on the substrate;

patterning the photoresist layer to form a grid structure on the photoresist layer;

etching the reflective metal film by taking the light resistance layer with the grid-shaped structure as a barrier, and stripping the light resistance layer to enable the reflective metal film to form a metal reflecting layer with the grid-shaped structure;

providing an upper substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, and carrying out box forming treatment on the substrate, the upper substrate and the first liquid crystal layer, wherein the first liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrate and the upper substrate.

Further, the patterning the photoresist layer includes:

providing a patterned mask plate, carrying out exposure treatment on the light resistance layer by taking the mask plate as a shield, and then carrying out development treatment on the light resistance layer to enable the light resistance layer to form a grid-shaped structure;

or processing the photoresist layer by adopting a laser etching process to form a latticed structure on the photoresist layer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the metal reflecting layer with the grid-shaped structure is arranged on the lower substrate, can reflect ambient light, and controls wide and narrow visual angle switching by matching the first visual angle electrode and the second visual angle electrode, so that a good narrow visual angle effect can be realized; because the lower substrate is provided with the metal reflecting layer, a better narrow visual angle effect can be realized without arranging a compensation film and an APF film between the dimming box and the display box, and the wide visual angle effect can not be influenced. In addition, because the metal reflecting layer is metal and has conductivity, the metal reflecting layer can shield signal interference between the dimming box and the display box and prevent static electricity from being generated on the display panel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a display device with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a metal reflective layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 5a-5f are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of a lower substrate according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 6a-6e are second schematic structural diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of a lower substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second schematic view of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic plane view of a metal reflective layer according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view of a metal reflective layer in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be made on the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the manufacturing method thereof, and the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the display device according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments as follows:

[ first embodiment ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a metal reflective layer according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes alight modulation box 10 and adisplay box 20 stacked on each other. In this embodiment, thedimming box 10 is disposed above thedisplay box 20, that is, thedimming box 10 is located on the light emitting side of thedisplay box 20, thedimming box 10 is used for controlling the viewing angle of the display panel, and thedisplay box 20 is used for controlling the display panel to display normal pictures. Of course, thelight modulation box 10 can also be disposed below thedisplay box 20, i.e. thelight modulation box 10 is located at the light incident side of thedisplay box 20.

Thelight adjusting box 10 includes anupper substrate 11, alower substrate 12 disposed opposite to theupper substrate 11, and a firstliquid crystal layer 13 disposed between theupper substrate 11 and thelower substrate 12, wherein a firstviewing angle electrode 111 is disposed on a side of theupper substrate 11 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, a secondviewing angle electrode 121 matched with the firstviewing angle electrode 111 is disposed on a side of thelower substrate 12 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, theupper substrate 11 is located on a light emitting side of thelower substrate 12, and a metalreflective layer 14 with a grid structure is disposed on thelower substrate 12. The deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 is controlled by controlling the voltage difference between the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, thereby realizing the control of the wide and narrow viewing angle switching.

In this embodiment, the metalreflective layer 14 with the grid-shaped structure is disposed on thelower substrate 12, the metalreflective layer 14 can reflect ambient light, and the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121 are matched to control the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles, so that a better narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved, and the metalreflective layer 14 with the grid-shaped structure does not substantially affect the transmission of the backlight, and the intensity of the reflected ambient light is weak; since the metalreflective layer 14 is disposed on thelower substrate 12, a good narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved without disposing a compensation film and an APF film between thelight modulation box 10 and thedisplay box 20, and a wide viewing angle effect is not affected. In addition, since the metalreflective layer 14 is made of metal and has conductivity, the metalreflective layer 14 can also shield signal interference between the dimmingcell 10 and thedisplay cell 20 and prevent generation of static electricity on the display panel.

In this embodiment, the metalreflective layer 14 corresponds to a display region of the display panel, theupper substrate 11 is provided with a firstblack matrix 112, and the firstblack matrix 112 corresponds to a non-display region of the display panel. The firstblack matrix 112 corresponding to the non-display region of the display panel is disposed at the edge of theupper substrate 11, so that the problem of light leakage of the dimmingcell 10 can be avoided, and the contrast of display can be improved.

Furthermore, the shape of the openings on the metalreflective layer 14 is a diamond shape, and the line width of the metal lines in the grid structure is 3-5 um, so that the metalreflective layer 14 is prevented from influencing the transmission of the backlight. The metalreflective layer 14 may be made of a metal material such as aluminum or silver. The latticed structure of the metalreflective layer 14 has a porosity set according to an actual situation, wherein the porosity is within a certain range, and the increase of the porosity can increase the light transmittance of the display panel, but can reduce the reflective effect of the metalreflective layer 14; the reduced porosity may increase the reflective effect of the metalreflective layer 14, but may reduce the light transmittance of the display panel.

Further, theupper substrate 11 is further covered with a flat layer on the firstblack matrix 112, so that the surface of theupper substrate 11 is relatively flat after the firstblack matrix 112 is fabricated. Of course, thelower substrate 12 is also covered with a flat layer on the metalreflective layer 14, so that the surface of thelower substrate 12 is relatively flat after the metalreflective layer 14 is formed.

In this embodiment, the metalreflective layer 14 is located between thelight modulation box 10 and thedisplay box 20, that is, the metalreflective layer 14 is located on the side of thelower substrate 12 away from the firstliquid crystal layer 13; the secondviewing angle electrode 121 is located on the side of thelower substrate 12 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, the firstviewing angle electrode 111 is located on the side of theupper substrate 11 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, and the firstblack matrix 112 is located on the side of theupper substrate 11 away from the firstliquid crystal layer 13. Of course, the positions of the metalreflective layer 14 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121 on thelower substrate 12 may be adjusted according to actual needs, and the positions of the firstblack matrix 112 and the firstviewing angle electrode 111 on theupper substrate 11 may also be adjusted according to actual needs.

In the present embodiment, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are preferably used for the firstliquid crystal layer 13. The phase retardation of the firstliquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 700nm, with an alternative range 500nm < phase retardation < 1000nm. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to theupper substrate 11 and thelower substrate 12, and the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to theupper substrate 11 and the positive liquid crystal molecules close to thelower substrate 12 are parallel or antiparallel, so that thelight modulation cell 10 in the initial state exhibits a wide viewing angle display, as shown in fig. 1. When narrow viewing angle display is required to be implemented, a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, so that a larger voltage difference is formed between the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, and a stronger electric field is formed, so as to drive positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 to deflect in the vertical direction, and thus thelight modulation cell 10 presents narrow viewing angle display, as shown in fig. 3. Of course, in other embodiments, negative liquid crystal molecules, i.e. liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy, may be used for the firstliquid crystal layer 13, and in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are aligned perpendicular to theupper substrate 11 and thelower substrate 12.

In this embodiment,display cell 20 is preferably a liquid crystal cell. Of course, in other embodiments, thedisplay box 20 can also be a self-luminous display (e.g. OLED display, micro LED display), but thelight modulation box 10 needs to be disposed above thedisplay box 20.

Thedisplay box 20 includes acolor filter substrate 21, anarray substrate 22 disposed opposite to thecolor filter substrate 21, and a secondliquid crystal layer 23 disposed between thecolor filter substrate 21 and thearray substrate 22. The secondliquid crystal layer 23 preferably employs positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules whose dielectric anisotropy is positive. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the secondliquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to thecolor filter substrate 21 and thearray substrate 22, and the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules near thecolor filter substrate 21 and the positive liquid crystal molecules near thearray substrate 22 are parallel or antiparallel. Of course, in other embodiments, the secondliquid crystal layer 23 may also adopt negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the secondliquid crystal layer 23 may be aligned perpendicular to thecolor film substrate 21 and thearray substrate 22, that is, in an alignment manner similar to the VA display mode.

Furthermore, afirst polarizer 31 is disposed on one side of thelight adjusting box 10 away from thedisplay box 20, asecond polarizer 32 is disposed between thelight adjusting box 10 and thedisplay box 20, athird polarizer 33 is disposed on one side of thedisplay box 20 away from thelight adjusting box 10, a transmission axis of thefirst polarizer 31 is parallel to a transmission axis of thesecond polarizer 32, and a transmission axis of thethird polarizer 33 is perpendicular to a transmission axis of thesecond polarizer 32.

Thecolor filter substrate 21 is provided with color resistance layers 212 arranged in an array and a secondblack matrix 211 separating the color resistance layers 212, the color resistance layers 212 include color resistance materials of three colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) and correspondingly form sub-pixels of the three colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B), and the secondblack matrix 211 is arranged at the edge of each sub-pixel and is in a grid structure. The firstblack matrix 112 and the secondblack matrix 211 are aligned up and down in the non-display area, that is, the projection of the firstblack matrix 112 on thecolor filter substrate 21 coincides with the portion of the secondblack matrix 211 in the non-display area.

Thearray substrate 22 is defined by a plurality of scan lines (not shown) and a plurality of data lines (not shown) insulated from and crossing each other on a side facing the secondliquid crystal layer 23 to form a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit is provided with apixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor (not shown), and thepixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data lines of the adjacent thin film transistors through the thin film transistors. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and thepixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through a contact hole.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, acommon electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of thearray substrate 22 facing the secondliquid crystal layer 23, and thecommon electrode 221 and thepixel electrode 222 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. Thecommon electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (thecommon electrode 221 is located below thepixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, thecommon electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and thepixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed in one block in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, in other embodiments, thepixel electrode 222 and thecommon electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of thepixel electrode 222 and thecommon electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of thepixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of thecommon electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode; alternatively, in other embodiments, thearray substrate 22 is provided with thepixel electrode 222 on the side facing the secondliquid crystal layer 23, and thecolor filter substrate 21 is provided with thecommon electrode 221 on the side facing the secondliquid crystal layer 23, so as to form a TN mode or a VA mode.

Theupper substrate 11, thelower substrate 12, thecolor filter substrate 21 and thearray substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The materials of the firstviewing angle electrode 111, the secondviewing angle electrode 121, thecommon electrode 221, and thepixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.

The invention further provides a display device, which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and thebacklight module 40, wherein thebacklight module 40 is located below the display panel and is used for providing backlight for the display panel. Of course, if thedisplay box 20 employs a self-luminous display, the display device does not need to be additionally provided with a backlight.

Thebacklight module 40 includes abacklight 41 and aprivacy layer 43, and theprivacy layer 43 is used to reduce the range of the light exit angle. Abrightness enhancement film 42 is further disposed between thebacklight 41 and theprivacy protection layer 43, and thebrightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of thebacklight module 40. The peep-proof layer 43 is a micro louver structure, and can block light with a large incident angle, so that light with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof layer, and the angle range of the light passing through the peep-proof layer 43 is reduced. Peep-proof layer 43 includes a plurality of parallel arrangement's a plurality of photoresistance walls and is located the light trap between two adjacent photoresistance walls, and the both sides of photoresistance wall are equipped with the extinction material. Of course, thebacklight 41 may be a light collecting type backlight, so that theprivacy protecting layer 43 is not required, but the light collecting type backlight is more expensive than the conventional backlight.

Thebacklight module 40 may be a side-type backlight module or a direct-type backlight module. Preferably, thebacklight module 40 adopts a Collimated Backlight (CBL) mode, which can receive light from the light source and ensure the display effect.

As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle mode, a first electrical signal, which is a dc common voltage signal, is applied to the firstviewing angle electrode 111, and a second electrical signal, which is a voltage difference smaller than a first preset value (e.g., smaller than 0.7V), is applied to the secondviewing angle electrode 121. Preferably, 0V dc voltage is applied to both the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121. A vertical electric field is not substantially formed between the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are not substantially deflected, and the initial lying state (fig. 1) is maintained, and thelight modulation cell 10 displays a wide viewing angle display. Of course, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage difference between the second electrical signal and the first electrical signal may also be greater than a second predetermined value (e.g., greater than 5.0V), where the second predetermined value is much greater than the first predetermined value, a stronger vertical electric field (E2 in fig. 2) may be formed between the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected and perpendicular to theupper substrate 11 and thelower substrate 12, and at this time, thelight modulation box 10 may also exhibit wide viewing angle display.

In the wide viewing angle mode, the display panel has a larger brightness no matter in a front viewing angle or a large viewing angle, and the intensity of the ambient light reflected by the metalreflective layer 14 is very small compared with the intensity of the light-transmitting backlight, so the reflection effect of the metalreflective layer 14 does not substantially affect the display effect of the wide viewing angle.

As shown in fig. 3, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a first electrical signal, i.e., a dc common voltage signal, is applied to the firstviewing angle electrode 111, a third electrical signal is applied to the secondviewing angle electrode 121, and a voltage difference between the third electrical signal and the first electrical signal is greater than a third predetermined value (e.g., greater than 1.2V) and less than a fourth predetermined value (e.g., less than 4.0V), wherein the first predetermined value is less than or equal to the third predetermined value, and the second predetermined value is greater than the fourth predetermined value, at this time, a strong vertical electric field (E3 in fig. 3) is formed between the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, positive liquid crystal molecules in the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected and are in an oblique state, and the brightness becomes dark at a large viewing angle, and at this time, thelight modulation box 10 displays a narrow viewing angle.

Because the brightness of the display panel is brighter at a front viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle, and the intensity of the ambient light reflected by the metalreflective layer 14 is very small relative to the intensity of the light-transmitting backlight at the front viewing angle, the display effect at the narrow viewing angle at the front viewing angle is not substantially affected by the reflection action of the metalreflective layer 14. However, the brightness of the display panel is low at a large viewing angle, and the transmitted backlight is not seen at the large viewing angle, but the ambient light reflected by the metalreflective layer 14 is seen, so that the narrow viewing angle effect can be improved.

The table above is a comparison table of simulation data of the present invention and the existing architecture. When the viewing angle is 45 degrees at a wide viewing angle, the relative central brightness of the invention is larger than that of the existing framework, namely, the contrast is larger under the wide viewing angle and the large viewing angle, and the display effect is better; when the viewing angle is further narrow and 45 degrees, although the relative central brightness is higher than that in the existing framework, the reflected ambient light is basically seen under the large viewing angle, the displayed picture is not clear, and the narrow viewing angle effect is better.

Fig. 5a-5f are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of a lower substrate according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5a to 5f, this embodiment further provides a manufacturing method of a display panel, where the manufacturing method is used to manufacture the display panel, and the manufacturing method includes:

as shown in FIG. 5a, asubstrate 1 is provided, and a reflective metal film F and aphotoresist layer 2 are sequentially covered on thesubstrate 1. Thesubstrate 1 may be made of glass, quartz, silicon, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The reflective metal film F has both reflective and conductive properties, and is made of, for example, aluminum or silver. Thephotoresist layer 2 may be a positive photoresist or a negative photoresist.

As shown in fig. 5b, a patternedmask plate 3 is provided, and thephotoresist layer 2 is exposed by using themask plate 3 as a mask. Themask plate 3 has a light transmitting area and a light blocking area, wherein the light blocking area has a rhombic lattice structure.

As shown in fig. 5c, thephotoresist layer 2 is developed to remove the photoresist material in the exposed region, so that thephotoresist layer 2 has a rhombic grid structure.

As shown in fig. 5d, the reflective metal film F is etched using thephotoresist layer 2 with a grid structure as a barrier, so that the reflective metal film F forms a metalreflective layer 14 with a grid structure.

As shown in fig. 5e-5f, thephotoresist layer 2 is stripped away and then thesubstrate 1 is covered with a planarization layer covering the metalreflective layer 14. Finally, a secondviewing angle electrode 121 is formed on the other side surface of thesubstrate 1 to form alower substrate 12.

Finally, anupper substrate 11 and a firstliquid crystal layer 13 are provided, thelower substrate 12, theupper substrate 11, and the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are subjected to a cell forming process, and the firstliquid crystal layer 13 is sealed between thelower substrate 12 and theupper substrate 11, thereby forming the dimmingcell 10.

Then, thedisplay case 20 is provided, and the light-adjustingcase 10 is attached to thedisplay case 20. Thedisplay cell 20 is preferably a liquid crystal cell, however, in other embodiments, thedisplay cell 20 may also be a self-luminous display (e.g. OLED display, micro LED display), but thelight modulation cell 10 is disposed above thedisplay cell 20.

Fig. 6a-6e are two schematic structural diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of a lower substrate according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6a to 6e, this embodiment further provides another manufacturing method of a display panel, where the manufacturing method is used to manufacture the display panel, and the manufacturing method includes:

as shown in FIG. 6a, asubstrate 1 is provided, and a reflective metal film F and aphotoresist layer 2 are sequentially covered on thesubstrate 1. Thesubstrate 1 may be made of glass, quartz, silicon, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The reflective metal film F has both reflective and conductive properties, and is, for example, metal aluminum or silver. Thephotoresist layer 2 may be a positive photoresist or a negative photoresist.

As shown in fig. 6b, thephotoresist layer 2 is processed by a laser etching process to form a grid structure on thephotoresist layer 2. By directly engraving the corresponding pattern on thephotoresist layer 2 by using the laser engraving process, the two processes of exposure and development can be replaced, so that the steps of the manufacturing process are reduced, and the production process is simplified.

As shown in fig. 6c, the reflective metal thin film F is etched using thephotoresist layer 2 having a mesh structure as a barrier, so that the reflective metal thin film F forms a metalreflective layer 14 having a mesh structure.

As shown in fig. 6d-6e, thephotoresist layer 2 is stripped away and then a planarization layer is applied over thesubstrate 1, the planarization layer covering the metalreflective layer 14. Finally, a secondviewing angle electrode 121 is formed on the other side surface of thesubstrate 1 to form alower substrate 12.

Finally, theupper substrate 11 and the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are provided, thelower substrate 12, theupper substrate 11, and the firstliquid crystal layer 13 are subjected to cell-forming processing, and the firstliquid crystal layer 13 is sealed between thelower substrate 12 and theupper substrate 11, thereby forming the dimmingcell 10.

Then, thedisplay case 20 is provided, and the light-adjustingcase 10 is attached to thedisplay case 20. Thedisplay cell 20 is preferably a liquid crystal cell, however, in other embodiments, thedisplay cell 20 may also be a self-luminous display (e.g. OLED display, micro LED display), but thelight modulation cell 10 is disposed above thedisplay cell 20.

[ example two ]

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the invention. Fig. 8 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device in a second embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the display panel and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 4), except that in this embodiment, the metalreflective layer 14 is located on a side of thelower substrate 12 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, and by disposing the metalreflective layer 14 and the side of thelower substrate 12 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, thelower substrate 12 can protect the metalreflective layer 14 to a certain extent, so as to prevent the metalreflective layer 14 from being damaged by scratching.

Further, if the metalreflective layer 14 is disposed between thelower substrate 12 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, and the metalreflective layer 14 is disposed on the side of the secondviewing angle electrode 121 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, the metalreflective layer 14 may shield the signal on the secondviewing angle electrode 121, thereby affecting the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles.

The manufacturing method of the display panel provided in this embodiment is substantially the same as the manufacturing method of the display panel in the first embodiment (fig. 5a to 6 e), except that in this embodiment, since the metalreflective layer 14 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121 are both located on the side of thelower substrate 12 facing the firstliquid crystal layer 13, after the metalreflective layer 14 is manufactured and the flat layer is covered on the metalreflective layer 14, thesubstrate 1 does not need to be turned over, so that the secondviewing angle electrode 121 can be directly manufactured on the flat layer, thereby further simplifying the manufacturing process.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ third example ]

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle. Fig. 11 is a second schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the invention at a narrow viewing angle. Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of a metal reflective layer in a third embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10 to fig. 13, the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles display panel and the manufacturing method thereof, and the display device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles display panel and the manufacturing method thereof, and the display device provided by the first embodiment (fig. 1 to fig. 6 e) or the second embodiment (fig. 7 to fig. 9), except that in this embodiment, the metalreflective layer 14 includes agrid area 141 and aframe area 142 located at the periphery of thegrid area 141, thegrid area 141 corresponds to the display area of the display panel, and theframe area 142 corresponds to the non-display area of the display panel. Thegrid region 141 and theframe region 142 are formed by using the same metal layer and the same manufacturing process.

In this embodiment, since the metalreflective layer 14 includes theframe region 142 corresponding to the non-display region, theframe region 142 can prevent light leakage from the light-adjustingbox 10 in the non-display region, and thus the firstblack matrix 112 does not need to be disposed on theupper substrate 11, and a flat layer covering the firstblack matrix 112 does not need to be disposed. Therefore, the box thickness of the display panel can be reduced, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and the operating principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ example four ]

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. Fig. 15 is a second schematic structural view of a display device in a fourth embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle. Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a fourth embodiment of the invention at a narrow viewing angle. Fig. 17 is a schematic plan view of a metal reflective layer in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14 to 17, the display panel and the manufacturing method thereof, and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel and the manufacturing method thereof, and the display device according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6 e) or the second embodiment (fig. 7 to 9), except that in the present embodiment, the display panel has a plurality of pixel units SP, and the metalreflective layer 14 is located at an edge of the pixel units SP and separates the plurality of pixel units SP from each other. That is, the projections of the metalreflective layer 14 and the secondblack matrix 211 on thecolor filter substrate 21 are overlapped with each other.

Further, the shape of the opening in the metalreflective layer 14 is the same as the shape of the pixel unit SP, and the shape of the opening in the secondblack matrix 211 is also the same as the shape of the pixel unit SP.

In this embodiment, the projection of the metalreflective layer 14 on thecolor filter substrate 21 and the projection of the secondblack matrix 211 on thecolor filter substrate 21 are overlapped with each other, so that the metalreflective layer 14 does not affect the light transmittance of the display panel, and the display effect of the display panel is improved.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and are not described herein again.

Fig. 18 is a first schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention, and fig. 19 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention. Referring to fig. 18 and 19, the display device is provided with a viewingangle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. Theview switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 18), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 19, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewingangle switching key 50, and finally thedriving chip 60 controls to apply different electric signals to the firstviewing angle electrode 111 and the secondviewing angle electrode 121, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle.

In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is characterized by comprising a dimming box (10) and a display box (20) which are arranged in a stacked manner;

light modulation box (10) include upper substrate (11), with relative infrabasal plate (12) that sets up of upper substrate (11) and locate upper substrate (11) with first liquid crystal layer (13) between infrabasal plate (12), upper substrate (11) orientation one side of first liquid crystal layer (13) is equipped with first visual angle electrode (111), infrabasal plate (12) orientation one side of first liquid crystal layer (13) be equipped with first visual angle electrode (111) matched with second visual angle electrode (121), upper substrate (11) are located the light-emitting side of infrabasal plate (12), be equipped with metallic reflection layer (14) of latticed structure on infrabasal plate (12).

2. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to claim 1, wherein the metal reflective layer (14) corresponds to a display region of the display panel, a first black matrix (112) is disposed on the upper substrate (11), and the first black matrix (112) corresponds to a non-display region of the display panel.

3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the metal reflective layer (14) comprises a grid region (141) and a frame region (142) located at a periphery of the grid region (141), the grid region (141) corresponds to a display region of the display panel, and the frame region (142) corresponds to a non-display region of the display panel.

4. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 2 or 3, wherein the shape of the opening on the metal reflective layer (14) is a diamond shape.

5. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel has a plurality of pixel units (SP), the metal reflective layer (14) is located at an edge of the pixel units (SP) and separates the plurality of pixel units (SP) from each other; the shape of the opening on the metal reflecting layer (14) is the same as that of the pixel unit (SP).

6. Switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metal reflective layer (14) is located on the side of the lower substrate (12) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); or the metal reflecting layer (14) is positioned between the dimming box (10) and the display box (20).

7. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the display box (20) includes a color filter substrate (21), an array substrate (22) disposed opposite to the color filter substrate (21), and a second liquid crystal layer (23) disposed between the color filter substrate (21) and the array substrate (22); one side of the dimming box (10) far away from the display box (20) is provided with a first polarizer (31), a second polarizer (32) is arranged between the dimming box (10) and the display box (20), one side of the display box (20) far away from the dimming box (10) is provided with a third polarizer (33), a transmission shaft of the first polarizer (31) is parallel to a transmission shaft of the second polarizer (32), and the transmission shaft of the third polarizer (33) is perpendicular to the transmission shaft of the second polarizer (32).

8. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for manufacturing a display panel, the method being used for manufacturing the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

providing a substrate (1), and sequentially covering a reflective metal film (F) and a light resistance layer (2) on the substrate (1);

patterning the light resistance layer (2) to form a grid-shaped structure on the light resistance layer (2);

etching the reflective metal film (F) by taking the light resistance layer (2) with the grid-shaped structure as a barrier, and stripping the light resistance layer (2) to enable the reflective metal film (F) to form a metal reflecting layer (14) with the grid-shaped structure;

providing an upper substrate (11) and a first liquid crystal layer (13), and carrying out box forming treatment on the substrate (1), the upper substrate (11) and the first liquid crystal layer (13), wherein the first liquid crystal layer (13) is sealed between the substrate (1) and the upper substrate (11).

10. The method for manufacturing a display panel according to claim 9, wherein the patterning the photoresist layer (2) comprises:

providing a patterned mask plate (3), carrying out exposure treatment on the light resistance layer (2) by taking the mask plate (3) as a shield, and then carrying out development treatment on the light resistance layer (2) to enable the light resistance layer (2) to form a grid-shaped structure;

or processing the light resistance layer (2) by adopting a laser etching process to form a grid-shaped structure on the light resistance layer (2).

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