CN115519200A - High-temperature brazing anti-deformation method for spray pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，属于固体火箭发动机绝热技术领域。方法包括：对零件内壁的外型面、外壁的内型面进行精确测量，获取型面尺寸；将内壁套在工装模胎上，在内壁的外型面上涂抹红丹粉溶液，然后试装外壁，确认内外壁不贴合的区域；拆下外壁，在内外壁不贴合的区域，用角磨机沿母线方向将外壁切开；将切开后的外壁套装到内壁上，去除多余外壁余料或新增拼板；应用TIG焊或电子束对外壁切开处进行焊接；拆下外壁，手工打磨外壁内型面的拼焊焊缝；将打磨后的外壁套装到内壁上，并采用TIG焊对内外壁进行封焊；外壁外型面轴向采用多个环形钢带包覆。本发明能够保证夹层结构的喷管高温钎焊下不起褶皱、扭曲，提高产品生产质量。The invention relates to a high-temperature brazing anti-deformation method for a nozzle, which belongs to the technical field of solid rocket motor heat insulation. The method includes: accurately measuring the outer profile surface of the inner wall of the part and the inner profile surface of the outer wall to obtain the profile size; putting the inner wall on the tooling mold tire, applying red red powder solution on the outer profile surface of the inner wall, and then trying to install For the outer wall, confirm the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit; remove the outer wall, and in the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit, use an angle grinder to cut the outer wall along the direction of the busbar; put the cut outer wall on the inner wall and remove the excess outer wall Remaining materials or new jigsaw panels; use TIG welding or electron beam welding to cut the outer wall; remove the outer wall, and manually polish the tailor welded seam on the inner surface of the outer wall; fit the polished outer wall to the inner wall, and use TIG welding is used to seal the inner and outer walls; the outer surface of the outer wall is axially covered with multiple annular steel strips. The invention can ensure that the nozzle pipe of the interlayer structure does not have wrinkles and twists under high-temperature brazing, and improves the production quality of products.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法A method for anti-deformation of nozzle high-temperature brazing

技术领域technical field

本发明属于固体火箭发动机绝热技术领域，涉及一种在高温钎焊下防止火箭喷管型面严重变形的方法，可用于薄壁件焊接变形控制，实现产品型面精确可控。The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal insulation of solid rocket motors, and relates to a method for preventing serious deformation of rocket nozzle profiles under high-temperature brazing, which can be used for welding deformation control of thin-walled parts and realizes accurate and controllable product profiles.

背景技术Background technique

目前，国内外液体发动机喷管的主要制造工艺有螺旋管束式熔焊以及内外壁扩散钎焊两种方式。其中，螺旋管束式熔焊方式具有生产周期长、效率低以及装配要求严等特点，对整个全流程零组件尺寸精度控制严格。扩散钎焊方式具有生产周期段、效率高且外壁和内壁可依据设计需求选择不同材料，是当前发动机喷管制造工艺的发展趋势。At present, the main manufacturing processes of liquid engine nozzles at home and abroad include spiral tube bundle fusion welding and diffusion brazing of inner and outer walls. Among them, the spiral tube bundle fusion welding method has the characteristics of long production cycle, low efficiency and strict assembly requirements, and strictly controls the dimensional accuracy of the entire process components. The diffusion brazing method has a production cycle period, high efficiency, and different materials can be selected for the outer wall and inner wall according to the design requirements, which is the development trend of the current engine nozzle manufacturing process.

现有技术中，国内外扩散钎焊喷管的外壁采用高温易变形的钢质材料，装配过程中要多次进行修磨，利用红丹粉等措施确认内外壁贴合情况，造成修磨工作量大、修磨位置确认难度大等问题。一旦出现贴合不好，由于外壁高位易变形特征，将会导致扩散钎焊后的喷管外壁出现明显凸起(表现为褶皱或扭曲)现象。凸起大小依据贴合程度好坏而定，不仅影响产品的扩散钎焊质量，而且影响产品的型面要求。因此，随着扩散钎焊喷管结构尺寸进一步变大，有必要提出一种更为高效、简单的防变形工艺。In the existing technology, the outer wall of the diffusion brazing nozzle at home and abroad is made of high-temperature and easily deformable steel material. During the assembly process, it needs to be ground many times. Measures such as red lead powder are used to confirm the bonding of the inner and outer walls, resulting in grinding work. There are many problems such as large quantity and difficulty in confirming the grinding position. Once the fit is not good, due to the high-position and easy-to-deform feature of the outer wall, the outer wall of the nozzle after diffusion brazing will be obviously raised (expressed as wrinkles or twists). The size of the protrusion depends on the degree of fit, which not only affects the quality of the diffusion brazing of the product, but also affects the profile requirements of the product. Therefore, as the size of the diffusion brazing nozzle becomes larger, it is necessary to propose a more efficient and simple anti-deformation process.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提出一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，保证夹层结构的喷管高温钎焊下不起褶皱、扭曲，提高产品生产质量。The technical problem solved by the invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and propose a method for preventing deformation of the nozzle by high-temperature brazing, so as to ensure that the nozzle of the sandwich structure does not suffer from wrinkle and twist under high-temperature brazing, and improve the production quality of the product.

本发明解决技术的方案是：The technical solution of the present invention is:

一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，包括：A high-temperature brazing anti-deformation method for a nozzle, comprising:

对零件内壁的外型面、外壁的内型面进行精确测量，获取型面尺寸；Accurately measure the outer surface of the inner wall of the part and the inner surface of the outer wall to obtain the surface size;

将内壁套在工装上，在内壁的外型面上涂抹红丹粉溶液，然后试装外壁，确认内外壁不贴合的区域；Put the inner wall on the tooling, apply red powder solution on the outer surface of the inner wall, and then try to install the outer wall to confirm the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit;

拆下外壁，在内外壁不贴合的区域，用角磨机沿母线方向将外壁切开；Remove the outer wall, and use an angle grinder to cut the outer wall along the direction of the busbar in the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit together;

将切开后的外壁套装到内壁上，去除多余外壁余料或新增拼板；Set the cut outer wall on the inner wall, remove excess outer wall material or add new jigsaw panels;

应用TIG焊或电子束对外壁切开处进行焊接；Apply TIG welding or electron beam to weld the cut part of the outer wall;

拆下外壁，手工打磨外壁内型面的拼焊焊缝，确保外壁内型面焊缝凸起不大于0.1mm；Remove the outer wall, and manually grind the tailor welded seam on the inner surface of the outer wall to ensure that the weld seam protrusion on the inner surface of the outer wall is not greater than 0.1mm;

将打磨后的外壁套装到内壁上，并采用TIG焊对内外壁进行封焊；Set the polished outer wall on the inner wall, and use TIG welding to seal the inner and outer walls;

外壁外型面轴向采用多个环形钢带包覆。The outer surface of the outer wall is axially covered with multiple annular steel belts.

优选的，所述环形钢带厚0.8～2.0mm。Preferably, the thickness of the endless steel strip is 0.8-2.0mm.

优选的，相邻环形钢带沿外壁轴向间距为200～300mm。Preferably, the axial distance between adjacent annular steel belts along the outer wall is 200-300mm.

优选的，所述工装为铝制的模胎，模胎外型面与内壁内型面共形，所述模胎上安装有起吊螺钉，供工装吊装用。Preferably, the tooling is a molded tire made of aluminum, the outer profile of the molded tire conforms to the inner profile of the inner wall, and lifting screws are installed on the molded tire for hoisting of the tooling.

优选的，模胎端头螺接轴套，所述轴套为中空腔体，压块位于轴套中空腔体中，并通过螺栓螺母固定；当内外壁套装在模胎上后，所述压块用于压紧内外壁。Preferably, the end of the molded tire is screwed to the axle sleeve, and the axle sleeve is a hollow cavity, and the pressure block is located in the hollow cavity of the axle sleeve and fixed by bolts and nuts; when the inner and outer walls are fitted on the molded tire, the pressure block Blocks are used to compact the inner and outer walls.

优选的，所述压块为L型。Preferably, the compact is L-shaped.

优选的，所述压块的“|”部通过螺钉固定在轴套上，放置压块转动。Preferably, the "|" part of the pressure block is fixed on the shaft sleeve by screws, so that the pressure block can be rotated.

优选的，所述压块材料为碳钢。Preferably, the compact material is carbon steel.

本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是：The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:

本发明解决了高温扩散钎焊外壁褶皱、凸起等变形问题，运用此方法可以适当放宽外壁形位尺寸等，降低零件加工难度，后续该技术也可以为现役喷管，以及液氧甲烷等发动机的薄壁件钎焊制造提供技术支持，保证产品的扩散钎焊质量和产品的型面满足要求。The invention solves the deformation problems of high-temperature diffusion brazing outer wall folds and bulges. Using this method can appropriately relax the shape and size of the outer wall and reduce the difficulty of parts processing. The subsequent technology can also be used for active nozzles and engines such as liquid oxygen methane. Provide technical support for brazing manufacturing of thin-walled parts to ensure that the quality of diffusion brazing of products and the profile of products meet the requirements.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为喷管内壁示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of nozzle inner wall;

图2为喷管外壁示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of nozzle outer wall;

图3为工装示意图，(a)为主视图，(b)为俯视图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of tooling, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a top view;

图4为环形钢带示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the endless steel belt.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.

本发明的主要技术方案是通过对外壁制造工艺流程进行调整，并设计外壁固定工装，确保外壁在高温钎焊过程中不发生凸起现象，具体的技术方案：首先测量零件内壁的外壁(图1)、外壁(图2)的内壁型面，然后进行试装，依据试装结果对外壁进行裁剪、拼焊，保证内外壁贴合，再完成内外壁封焊，最后在外壁上增加数个环形箍带(图4)。The main technical solution of the present invention is to adjust the manufacturing process of the outer wall and design the fixing tooling of the outer wall to ensure that the outer wall does not bulge during the high-temperature brazing process. The specific technical solution: first measure the outer wall of the inner wall of the part (Fig. 1 ), the inner wall profile of the outer wall (Fig. 2), and then carry out trial assembly. According to the results of the trial assembly, the outer wall is cut and tailored to ensure that the inner and outer walls fit together, and then the inner and outer walls are sealed and welded. Finally, several rings are added to the outer wall. Cuffs (Figure 4).

本发明技术方案包含以下步骤：Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1)测试型面尺寸1) Test profile size

对零件内壁的外型面、外壁的内型面进行精确测量，获取型面尺寸。Accurately measure the outer profile of the inner wall of the part and the inner profile of the outer wall to obtain the profile size.

2)零件试装2) Trial assembly of parts

将内壁套在工装上，在内壁的外型面上涂抹红丹粉溶液，然后试装外壁，确认内外壁不贴合的区域。Put the inner wall on the tooling, apply the red lead powder solution on the outer surface of the inner wall, and then try to install the outer wall to confirm the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit.

3)切开外壁3) Cut the outer wall

拆下外壁，在内外壁不贴合的区域，用角磨机沿母线方向将外壁切开。Remove the outer wall, and use an angle grinder to cut the outer wall along the direction of the busbar in the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit together.

4)去除外壁余量或拼接外壁4) Remove the outer wall allowance or splice the outer wall

将切开后的外壁套装到内壁上，依据试装结果，去除多余外壁余料或新增拼板。Set the cut outer wall on the inner wall, and remove excess outer wall material or add new panels according to the trial fitting results.

5)外壁拼接5) Outer wall splicing

TIG焊或电子束焊接外壁。TIG welding or electron beam welding of the outer wall.

6)打磨6) Grinding

拆下外壁，手工打磨外壁内型面的拼焊焊缝，确保内壁内型面焊缝凸起不大于0.1mm。Remove the outer wall, and manually grind the tailor welded seam on the inner surface of the outer wall to ensure that the weld seam protrusion on the inner surface of the inner wall is not greater than 0.1mm.

8)内外壁装配8) Assembly of inner and outer walls

将内壁、外壁进行装配，TIG焊进行封焊。The inner wall and outer wall are assembled, and TIG welding is used for sealing welding.

9)定位焊接环形钢带9) Position welding ring steel belt

外壁轴向方面间隔200～300mm增加一个厚约0.8～2.0mm的环形钢带并采用工装固定在外壁上。An annular steel belt with a thickness of about 0.8-2.0mm is added at an interval of 200-300mm in the axial direction of the outer wall and fixed on the outer wall with tooling.

本发明工装如图3所示，工装为铝制的模胎8，模胎外型面与内壁内型面共形，所述模胎8上安装有起吊螺钉7，供工装吊装用。模胎端头螺接轴套5，所述轴套5为中空腔体，压块4位于轴套中空腔体中，并通过螺栓1、螺母2和垫圈3固定。当内外壁套装在模胎上后，所述压块用于压紧内外壁。压块为L型。压块的“|”部通过螺钉6固定在轴套上，放置压块转动。图3中(a)为主视图，(b)为俯视图。压块材料为碳钢。Tooling of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3, and tooling is the moldedtire 8 made of aluminum, and molded tire outer surface is conformal with the inner surface of inner wall, and lifting screw 7 is installed on described moldedtire 8, is used for tooling hoisting. The molded tire end is screwed to theshaft sleeve 5, theshaft sleeve 5 is a hollow cavity, and thepressure block 4 is located in the hollow cavity of the shaft sleeve, and is fixed by thebolt 1, thenut 2 and thewasher 3. After the inner and outer walls are set on the mold tire, the briquetting blocks are used to compress the inner and outer walls. The briquetting block is L-shaped. The "|" part of the pressure block is fixed on the shaft sleeve by thescrew 6, and the pressure block is placed to rotate. (a) is the main view in Fig. 3, (b) is the top view. The briquetting material is carbon steel.

本发明已成功用于重型发动机的喷管研制上，经实践，本发明方法实施后，大尺寸结构喷管扩散钎焊后没有出现变形褶皱现象，生产的喷管符合设计要求。The invention has been successfully used in the development of nozzles of heavy-duty engines. Through practice, after the method of the invention is implemented, there is no deformation and wrinkle phenomenon after diffusion brazing of large-scale structure nozzles, and the produced nozzles meet the design requirements.

本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于包括：1. A nozzle high temperature brazing anti-deformation method, characterized in that it comprises:对零件内壁的外型面、外壁的内型面进行精确测量，获取型面尺寸；Accurately measure the outer surface of the inner wall of the part and the inner surface of the outer wall to obtain the surface size;将内壁套在工装上，在内壁的外型面上涂抹红丹粉溶液，然后试装外壁，确认内外壁不贴合的区域；Put the inner wall on the tooling, apply red powder solution on the outer surface of the inner wall, and then try to install the outer wall to confirm the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit;拆下外壁，在内外壁不贴合的区域，用角磨机沿母线方向将外壁切开；Remove the outer wall, and use an angle grinder to cut the outer wall along the direction of the busbar in the area where the inner and outer walls do not fit together;将切开后的外壁套装到内壁上，去除多余外壁余料或新增拼板；Set the cut outer wall on the inner wall, remove excess outer wall material or add new jigsaw panels;应用TIG焊或电子束对外壁切开处进行焊接；Apply TIG welding or electron beam to weld the cut part of the outer wall;拆下外壁，手工打磨外壁内型面的拼焊焊缝，确保外壁内型面焊缝凸起不大于0.1mm；Remove the outer wall, and manually grind the tailor welded seam on the inner surface of the outer wall to ensure that the weld seam protrusion on the inner surface of the outer wall is not greater than 0.1mm;将打磨后的外壁套装到内壁上，并采用TIG焊对内外壁进行封焊；Set the polished outer wall on the inner wall, and use TIG welding to seal the inner and outer walls;外壁外型面轴向采用多个环形钢带包覆。The outer surface of the outer wall is axially covered with multiple annular steel belts.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：所述环形钢带厚0.8～2.0mm。2. The anti-deformation method of nozzle high-temperature brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the annular steel strip is 0.8-2.0 mm.3.根据权利要求2所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：相邻环形钢带沿外壁轴向间距为200～300mm。3. The anti-deformation method of nozzle high-temperature brazing according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial distance between adjacent annular steel strips along the outer wall is 200-300 mm.4.根据权利要求1所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：所述工装为铝制的模胎，模胎外型面与内壁内型面共形，所述模胎上安装有起吊螺钉，供工装吊装用。4. The anti-deformation method for high-temperature brazing of nozzles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frock is an aluminum die, the outer profile of the die is conformal to the inner profile of the inner wall, and the mold Lifting screws are installed on the tire for tooling hoisting.5.根据权利要求4所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：模胎端头螺接轴套，所述轴套为中空腔体，压块位于轴套中空腔体中，并通过螺栓螺母固定；当内外壁套装在模胎上后，所述压块用于压紧内外壁。5. The anti-deformation method of nozzle high-temperature brazing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the end of the tire is screwed to the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is a hollow cavity, and the pressure block is located in the hollow cavity of the shaft sleeve and fixed by bolts and nuts; when the inner and outer walls are set on the mold tire, the pressure block is used to compress the inner and outer walls.6.根据权利要求5所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：所述压块为L型。6 . The anti-deformation method for high-temperature brazing of nozzles according to claim 5 , wherein the compact is L-shaped. 7 .7.根据权利要求6所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：所述压块的“|”部通过螺钉固定在轴套上，放置压块转动。7. The anti-deformation method of nozzle high-temperature brazing according to claim 6, characterized in that: the "|" part of the pressure block is fixed on the shaft sleeve by screws, and the pressure block is placed to rotate.8.根据权利要求7所述的一种喷管高温钎焊防变形方法，其特征在于：所述压块材料为碳钢。8. The anti-deformation method of nozzle high-temperature brazing according to claim 7, characterized in that: the material of the compact is carbon steel.

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