Geological disaster early warning device for landslide and application method thereofTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide, in particular to a geological disaster early warning device for landslide and a using method thereof.
Background
The landslide refers to the action and phenomenon that a certain part of rock and soil on a mountain slope generates shearing displacement along a certain weak structural plane (belt) under the action of gravity (including the gravity of the rock and soil and the dynamic and static pressure of underground water) and integrally moves to the lower part of the slope.
At present, a landslide early warning device is often used to avoid the influence of landslide on the life safety of people; however, the monitoring index of the conventional landslide early warning device is single, and the early warning reliability is low because the early warning device usually predicts by only monitoring the opening size of a crack or by only monitoring the pore water pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the early warning device for the geological disaster of the landslide with high reliability and the using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a geological disaster early warning device for landslide is provided, which includes:
the sleeve is vertically arranged in the landslide body, the lower end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the stable bedrock, and a sliding block for sensing the sliding of the landslide body is arranged on the sleeve in a sliding manner;
one end of the workbench is fixedly connected with the stable bedrock;
the mounting table is arranged on the workbench, the side surface of the mounting table is hinged with a rotating block and a first gear, one end of the rotating block is provided with a traction rope connected with the upper end of the sliding block, the other end of the rotating block is provided with a second gear meshed with the first gear, and the transmission ratio of the first gear to the second gear is greater than 1;
a rotation speed sensor arranged on the mounting table and used for measuring the rotation speed of the first gear;
the trigger rod is fixedly arranged on the first gear and is positioned between the first gear and the mounting table;
the photoelectric counter is arranged on the mounting table and used for measuring the frequency of the trigger rod for shielding the parallel light of the trigger rod;
the control unit, its with rotational speed sensor, photoelectric counter and a plurality of warning light electricity connection with different colours representation mountain landslide circumstances, it includes:
the receiving module is used for receiving the rotating speed information of the first gear and the triggering frequency information of the photoelectric counter;
the calculation module is used for calculating the angular acceleration information of the first gear according to the rotating speed information of the first gear;
the judging module is used for judging the landslide condition according to the angular acceleration information of the first gear and the triggering frequency information of the photoelectric counter;
and the execution module is used for controlling the warning lamps with different colors to be lightened according to the landslide condition.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the vertical motion of the landslide is represented by the sliding of the sliding block on the sleeve, the sliding block can vertically slide downwards and pull the traction rope downwards when being influenced by the sliding of the landslide body, so that the rotating block rotates and drives the first gear to rotate through the second gear, the rotating speed of the first gear is measured through the rotating speed sensor, the angular acceleration of the first gear is calculated, whether the vertical displacement of the landslide body is changed in an accelerated manner or not is reversely deduced, and whether the landslide body landslide occurs or not is determined; in addition, the photoelectric counter determines the size of the vertical displacement of the landslide body according to the triggering times, and further determines the severity of the landslide; in the scheme, two measuring devices are arranged to determine landslide, so that the reliability of early warning is improved;
the landslide situation is represented by the warning lamps with different colors, so that people can determine the severity of the landslide through the lighted warning lamps with different colors, and people can escape or deal with the landslide;
through the matching of the first gear and the second gear, the vertical displacement condition of the landslide can be amplified, the measurement of a rotating speed sensor is facilitated, and the photoelectric counter is also facilitated to determine the severity of the landslide;
the mounting table and the parts on the mounting table are stably fixed in the stable bedrock through the workbench, so that the influence on the mounting table and the parts on the mounting table during landslide is favorably avoided, and the reliability of early warning is improved.
Further, the sliding block includes that the slip sets up first slider and the second slider on the sleeve pipe, and the connection can be dismantled in the upper end of first slider to the second slider, and the inboard upper portion of first slider is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, is provided with a plurality of spheroids with the contact of sleeve pipe outer wall in the mounting groove.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the second sliding body is detachably connected to the upper end of the first sliding body, so that a plurality of balls can be conveniently arranged in the mounting groove; the second sliding body generates rolling friction between the ball body and the outer wall of the sleeve, and the resistance of the outer wall of the sleeve to the sliding block is reduced.
Furthermore, a first sealing body is arranged between the lower part of the first sliding body and the sleeve, and a second sealing body is arranged between the second sliding body and the sleeve; the effect of the ball body is prevented from being influenced by water, soil or silt entering the mounting groove through the first sealing body and the second sealing body.
Further, first slider is the round platform of middle part trompil, and the sectional area on first slider upper portion is greater than the sectional area of first slider lower part to be favorable to the vertical downstream of sliding block.
Further, the vertical sand grip that is provided with on the sheathed tube outer wall, on first sliding body and the second sliding body respectively the vertical first logical groove and the second that are provided with the sand grip assorted lead to the groove to avoid leading to the haulage rope to twine on the sleeve pipe because of the sliding block rotates on the sleeve pipe, thereby ensure the normal slip of sliding block and ensure the reliability of measuring and early warning.
Furthermore, a baffle plate is arranged below the sleeve, and a reinforced concrete structure anchored with the stable bedrock is arranged below the baffle plate; the lower end of the workbench is provided with a plurality of connecting rods anchored with the stable bedrock; the sleeve pipe is anchored in the stable bedrock through the reinforced concrete structure, and the workbench is anchored in the stable bedrock through the connecting rod, so that the stability of the sleeve pipe, the workbench and all parts on the workbench is ensured.
Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are vertically formed in the side wall of the sleeve, a filter screen is arranged at the through holes, and a plurality of pressure sensors electrically connected with the control unit are vertically arranged in the sleeve; the through hole can make the water in the landslide body get into the sleeve intraductally, and the ground in the landslide body can be avoided to the filter screen gets into the sleeve pipe, and pressure sensor then can measure the water pressure to monitor the water level, be favorable to judging whether to have the landslide risk and conveniently handle according to the water level.
Furthermore, a working hole and a first pulley positioned above the working hole are arranged on the workbench, the working hole is positioned above the sleeve, a second pulley is arranged on the mounting platform, and a traction rope is wound on the first pulley and the second pulley; the working hole is formed in the working platform, so that the construction operation plate group can conveniently perform drilling operation on the position before the sleeve is placed; and the first pulley and the second pulley play a steering role in the traction rope, so that the traction rope can be extended to the rotating block.
Furthermore, a control box is arranged on the workbench, a storage battery, a solar controller electrically connected with the storage battery and a control unit are arranged in the control box, and a solar panel electrically connected with the solar controller is arranged at the upper end of the control box; the solar panel absorbs solar energy and converts the solar energy into electric energy, so as to charge the storage battery and further supply power to the control unit, the photoelectric counter and the rotating speed sensor.
In a second aspect, a use method of the geological disaster early warning device for landslide is further provided, and the use method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring rotating speed information of a first gear and triggering frequency information of a photoelectric counter;
s2: calculating angular acceleration information of the first gear according to the rotating speed information of the first gear;
s3: judging the landslide condition according to the angular acceleration information of the first gear and the triggering frequency information of the photoelectric counter;
if the angular acceleration is not increased, no landslide occurs;
if the angular acceleration is increased and the photoelectric counter is triggered once, the landslide is a common landslide;
if the angular acceleration is increased and the photoelectric counter is triggered twice, the landslide is a heavier landslide;
if the angular acceleration is increased and the triggering frequency of the photoelectric counter is greater than two times, the landslide is a serious landslide;
s4: according to the landslide situation, the warning lamps with different colors are controlled to be lightened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a landslide geological disaster early warning device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 1;
the device comprises a base rock, a landslide body, a reinforced concrete structure, a steel bar in the circumferential direction, 302, a vertical steel bar, 4, a sliding block, 401, a first sliding body, 402, a second sliding body, 5, a sleeve, 6, a working hole, 7, a traction rope, 8, a first pulley, 9, a workbench, 10, a second gear, 11, a second pulley, 12, a rotating block, 13, a first gear, 14, an installation platform, 15, a solar panel, 16, a control box, 17, a control unit, 18, a connecting rod, 19, a trigger rod, 20, a rotating speed sensor, 21, a photoelectric counter, 22, a first through groove, 23, a convex strip, 24, a grouting pipe, 25, a first sealing body, 26, a sphere, 27, an installation groove, 28, a second sealing body, 29, a grouting hole, 30, a baffle, 31 and a second through groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present solution provides a geological disaster early warning device for landslide, which includes:
thesleeve 5 is vertically arranged in thelandslide body 2, the lower end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the stable bedrock 1, and asliding block 4 for sensing the sliding of the landslide body is arranged on the sleeve in a sliding mode; one end of theworkbench 9 is fixedly connected with the stable bedrock 1; the installation table 14 is arranged on theworkbench 9, the side surface of the installation table is hinged with a rotatingblock 12 and afirst gear 13, one end of the rotatingblock 12 is provided with atraction rope 7 connected with the upper end of thesliding block 4, the other end of the rotatingblock 12 is provided with asecond gear 10 meshed with thefirst gear 13, and the transmission ratio of thefirst gear 13 to thesecond gear 10 is more than 1;
arotation speed sensor 20 provided on the mount table 14 for measuring a rotation speed of thefirst gear 13;
atrigger lever 19 fixedly provided on thefirst gear 13, between thefirst gear 13 and the mount table 14; aphotoelectric counter 21, which is arranged on the mounting table 14 and is used for measuring the number of times that thetrigger bar 19 blocks the parallel light;
thecontrol unit 17 is electrically connected with the rotatingspeed sensor 20, thephotoelectric counter 21 and a plurality of warning lamps which represent landslide conditions in different colors, and comprises a receiving module, a calculating module, a judging module and an executing module; the receiving module is used for receiving the rotating speed information of thefirst gear 13 and the triggering frequency information of thephotoelectric counter 21; the calculation module is used for calculating the angular acceleration information of thefirst gear 13 according to the rotating speed information of thefirst gear 13; the judging module is used for judging the landslide condition according to the angular acceleration information of thefirst gear 13 and the triggering frequency information of thephotoelectric counter 21; the execution module is used for controlling the warning lamps with different colors to be lightened according to the landslide condition;
the transmission ratio of thefirst gear 13 and thesecond gear 10 and the number of the warning lamps with different colors can be adjusted according to the level of the early warning severity, for example, warning lamps with three colors are arranged in the scheme to indicate the severity of three landslide, a green warning lamp indicates general landslide, a yellow warning lamp indicates heavy landslide, and a red warning lamp indicates severe landslide; in addition, thecontrol unit 17 may be electrically connected to a wireless transmission module, thereby transmitting the landslide situation to the remote terminal.
The vertical motion of the landslide is represented by the sliding of thesliding block 4 on thesleeve 5, thesliding block 4 vertically slides downwards and pulls the traction rope 7 downwards when being influenced by the sliding of thelandslide body 2, so that the rotatingblock 12 rotates and drives thefirst gear 13 to rotate through thesecond gear 10, the rotating speed of thefirst gear 13 is measured through therotating speed sensor 20, the angular acceleration of thefirst gear 13 is calculated, whether the vertical displacement of thelandslide body 2 is changed in an accelerated manner or not is reversely deduced, and whether the landslide occurs or not is further determined; in addition, thephotoelectric counter 21 determines the size of the vertical displacement of thelandslide body 2 according to the triggering times, and further determines the severity of the landslide; in the scheme, two measuring devices are arranged to determine landslide, so that the reliability of early warning is improved;
the landslide situation is represented by the warning lamps with different colors, so that people can determine the severity of the landslide through the lighted warning lamps with different colors, and people can escape or deal with the landslide;
through the matching of thefirst gear 13 and thesecond gear 10, the vertical displacement condition of the landslide can be amplified, the measurement of the rotatingspeed sensor 20 is facilitated, and thephotoelectric counter 21 is also facilitated to determine the severity of the landslide; in addition, a gear set can be arranged between thefirst gear 13 and thesecond gear 10 to further amplify the vertical displacement condition of the landslide.
The installation table 14 and parts on the installation table are stably fixed in the stable bedrock 1 through theworkbench 9, so that the installation table 14 and the parts on the installation table are favorably prevented from being influenced during landslide, and the reliability of early warning is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the slidingblock 4 includes a first slidingbody 401 and a second slidingbody 402 slidably disposed on thesleeve 5, the second slidingbody 402 is detachably connected to the upper end of the first slidingbody 401, the upper portion of the inner side of the first slidingbody 401 is provided with a plurality ofmounting grooves 27, and themounting grooves 27 are provided with a plurality ofballs 26 contacting with the outer wall of thesleeve 5; the second slidingbody 402 is detachably connected to the upper end of the first slidingbody 401, which is beneficial to loading a plurality ofballs 26 into themounting groove 27; the second slidingbody 402 reduces the resistance of the outer wall of thesleeve 5 to the slidingblock 4 through the rolling friction between theball 26 and the outer wall of thesleeve 5; wherein theball 26 may be a steel ball.
In one embodiment of the present invention, afirst sealing body 25 is provided between the lower portion of the first slidingbody 401 and thesleeve 5, and a second sealingbody 28 is provided between the second slidingbody 402 and thesleeve 5; the effect of theball 26 is prevented from being affected by water, soil or sand entering themounting groove 27 by the first sealingbody 25 and thesecond sealing body 28.
When designing, the preferredfirst slider 401 of this scheme is the round platform of middle part trompil, and the sectional area onfirst slider 401 upper portion is greater than the sectional area offirst slider 401 lower part to be favorable to the vertical downstream of slidingblock 4.
During the implementation, thevertical sand grip 23 that is provided with on thepreferred sleeve pipe 5's of this scheme outer wall, respectively onfirst slider 401 and thesecond slider 402 vertically be provided withsand grip 23 assorted firstlogical groove 22 and secondlogical groove 31 to avoid leading tohaulage rope 7 to twine onsleeve pipe 5 because of slidingblock 4 rotates onsleeve pipe 5, thereby ensure slidingblock 4's normal slip and ensure the reliability of measurement and early warning.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a baffle 30 is arranged below the casing 5, and a reinforced concrete structure 3 anchored with the stable bedrock 1 is arranged below the baffle 30; the lower end of the working table 9 is provided with a plurality of connecting rods 18 anchored with the stable bedrock 1; the casing 5 is anchored in the stable bedrock 1 through the reinforced concrete structure 3, and the workbench 9 is anchored in the stable bedrock 1 through the connecting rod 18, so that the stability of the casing 5, the workbench 9 and each part on the workbench 9 is ensured; in addition, the lower end of the baffle 30 is provided with a plurality of vertical steel bars 302, a plurality of circumferential steel bars 301 are wound on the outer sides of the vertical steel bars 302, the baffle 30 can be provided with grouting holes 29, so that the grouting pipes 24 can conveniently penetrate through the sleeve 5 and the grouting holes 29, grouting is carried out on the lower end of the baffle 30, the sleeve 5 is anchored in the stable bedrock 1, and the baffle 30 prevents concrete slurry from overflowing to the outer wall of the sleeve 5; meanwhile, the upper end of the sleeve 5 can be provided with a panel, so that the landslide body 2 is supported through the reinforced concrete structure 3, the sleeve 5 and the panel.
During design, the side wall of the optimizedsleeve 5 is vertically provided with a plurality of through holes, the through holes are provided with filter screens, and a plurality of pressure sensors electrically connected with thecontrol unit 17 are vertically arranged in thesleeve 5; the through hole can enable water in thelandslide body 2 to enter thesleeve 5, the filter screen can prevent rock soil in thelandslide body 2 from entering thesleeve 5, the pressure sensor can measure water pressure, and therefore water level is monitored, whether landslide risk exists or not can be judged according to the water level, and disposal is convenient; when the water level is too high, the landslide risk is large, and water should be pumped or reinforced in time.
When the scheme is implemented, a workinghole 6 and afirst pulley 8 positioned above the workinghole 6 are preferably arranged on a workingplatform 9, the workinghole 6 is positioned above asleeve 5, asecond pulley 11 is arranged on aninstallation platform 14, and atraction rope 7 is wound on thefirst pulley 8 and thesecond pulley 11; the workinghole 6 is formed in the workingplatform 9, so that the construction operation plate group can conveniently drill the position before thesleeve 5 is placed; thefirst pulley 8 and thesecond pulley 11 have a steering effect on thetraction rope 7, and thetraction rope 7 is favorably extended to therotating block 12; wherein, thefirst pulley 8 and thesecond pulley 11 are both fixed pulleys.
In one embodiment of the invention, acontrol box 16 is arranged on theworkbench 9, a storage battery, a solar controller electrically connected with the storage battery and acontrol unit 17 are arranged in thecontrol box 16, and asolar panel 15 electrically connected with the solar controller is arranged at the upper end of thecontrol box 16; thesolar panel 15 absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy to charge the battery and thus power thecontrol unit 17, thephotoelectric counter 21 and therotation speed sensor 20.
In addition, the scheme also provides a using method of the geological disaster early warning device for landslide, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring the rotating speed information of thefirst gear 13 and the triggering frequency information of thephotoelectric counter 21;
s2: calculating angular acceleration information of thefirst gear 13 according to the rotation speed information of thefirst gear 13;
s3: judging the landslide condition according to the angular acceleration information of thefirst gear 13 and the triggering frequency information of thephotoelectric counter 21;
if the angular acceleration is not increased, no landslide occurs;
if the angular acceleration is increased and thephotoelectric counter 21 is triggered once, the landslide is a general landslide;
if the angular acceleration is increased and thephotoelectric counter 21 is triggered twice, the landslide is a heavier landslide;
if the angular acceleration is increased and the triggering frequency of thephotoelectric counter 21 is greater than two times, the landslide is a serious landslide;
s4: according to the landslide condition, controlling warning lamps with different colors to light;
if no landslide occurs, the warning lamp is not on;
if the landslide is general, the green warning lamp is turned on;
if the landslide is a heavier landslide, the yellow warning lamp is turned on;
and if the landslide is severe, the red warning lamp is turned on.