CN115407147A - Cascade module test circuit, method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本申请属于高压直流输电测试技术领域，具体涉及一种级联模块试验电路、方法及系统。The application belongs to the technical field of high-voltage direct current transmission testing, and in particular relates to a cascade module test circuit, method and system.
背景技术Background technique
目前，随着电力电子技术在电力系统中的应用和发展，电力电子设备向着高压大容量模块化方向发展，尤其在柔性直流输电系统和链式静止无功发生器等领域，子模块得到广泛的应用，一般均是由若干个串联或者并联连接的子模块组成。At present, with the application and development of power electronic technology in power systems, power electronic equipment is developing towards the direction of high-voltage and large-capacity modularization, especially in the fields of flexible direct current transmission systems and chained static var generators, sub-modules have been widely used Applications are generally composed of several sub-modules connected in series or in parallel.
子模块在厂内测试时需要对其进行详细完备的出厂测试，以提高测试效率和准确性，但是在子模块运输到现场，组装成阀塔后，由于运输以及安装过程中可能出现意外，需要再进行一遍子模块以及整个换流链的功能测试，以确保设备顺利投入运行。以静止无功发生器为例，现场有大量子模块需要进行带主电试验之前的测试：其中一种解决方案需要对每个子模块单独施加测试电源，逐个进行功能测试，主要问题的在于以下：(1)子模块数量多，测试工作量大，测试时间长，测试难度大，子模块组成阀塔后操作困难；(2)在测试过程中需要插拔光纤，插拔光纤的过程存在光纤接口和光纤本身损坏的风险，经常的插拔也会影响寿命，对设备的可靠性造成不利的影响。When the sub-module is tested in the factory, it needs to carry out a detailed and complete factory test to improve the test efficiency and accuracy. However, after the sub-module is transported to the site and assembled into a valve tower, due to accidents during transportation and installation, it is necessary to Carry out a functional test of the sub-modules and the entire converter chain again to ensure that the equipment is put into operation smoothly. Taking the static var generator as an example, there are a large number of sub-modules on site that need to be tested before the main power test: one of the solutions requires separately applying test power to each sub-module, and performing functional tests one by one. The main problems are as follows: (1) The number of sub-modules is large, the test workload is large, the test time is long, the test is difficult, and the sub-modules are difficult to operate after the valve tower is formed; (2) During the test process, it is necessary to plug and unplug the optical fiber, and there is an optical fiber interface during the process of plugging and unplugging the optical fiber And the risk of damage to the optical fiber itself, frequent plugging and unplugging will also affect the service life and adversely affect the reliability of the equipment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：本申请提供一种级联模块试验电路，用以解决现有技术测试工作量大、测试时间长的技术问题；本申请的另一目的是提供上述级联模块试验电路的试验方法；本申请的第三个目的是提供一种用于级联模块试验电路的系统。Purpose of the invention: This application provides a cascade module test circuit to solve the technical problems of heavy testing workload and long test time in the prior art; another purpose of this application is to provide a test method for the above-mentioned cascade module test circuit; The third object of the present application is to provide a system for cascade module test circuit.
技术方案：本申请所述的一种级联模块试验电路，包括：Technical solution: a cascade module test circuit described in this application, including:
第一换流链，所述第一换流链包括级联的N个子模块，N为大于等于1的整数；其中，所述子模块为直流电容和功率半导体器件连接形成的全桥子模块或者半桥子模块；The first commutation chain, the first commutation chain includes cascaded N sub-modules, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein, the sub-module is a full-bridge sub-module formed by connecting a DC capacitor and a power semiconductor device or half-bridge sub-module;
直流供能单元，所述直流供能单元与至少一个所述子模块的所述直流电容并联连接；A DC power supply unit, the DC power supply unit is connected in parallel with the DC capacitor of at least one of the submodules;
隔离开关，所述隔离开关与所述第一换流链首尾连接形成串联环路；an isolating switch, the isolating switch is connected end-to-end with the first commutation chain to form a series loop;
充电单元，所述充电单元的输出端与所述隔离开关并联连接。A charging unit, the output terminal of the charging unit is connected in parallel with the isolating switch.
在一些实施例中，还包括：In some embodiments, also include:
负载支路，所述负载支路包括电抗器，所述负载支路以串联连接所述第一换流链和所述隔离开关的形式接入所述串联环路。A load branch, the load branch includes a reactor, and the load branch is connected to the series loop in a form of connecting the first commutation chain and the isolating switch in series.
在一些实施例中，所述负载支路还包括第二换流链，所述第二换流链和所述电抗器串联连接，所述第二换流链包括级联的N’个所述子模块，N’为大于等于1的整数。In some embodiments, the load branch further includes a second commutation chain, the second commutation chain and the reactor are connected in series, and the second commutation chain includes cascaded N' of the Submodule, N' is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
在一些实施例中，所述第一换流链和所述第二换流链连接于所述电抗器的两侧；或者，所述第一换流链和所述第二换流链连接于所述电抗器的同侧。In some embodiments, the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain are connected to both sides of the reactor; or, the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain are connected to same side of the reactor.
在一些实施例中，所述直流供能单元包括：In some embodiments, the DC power supply unit includes:
交流电源；AC power;
隔离变压器，所述隔离变压器包括原边绕组和M个副边绕组，M为大于等于1的整数，所述原边绕组连接所述交流电源；An isolation transformer, the isolation transformer includes a primary winding and M secondary windings, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the primary winding is connected to the AC power supply;
M个桥式整流器，所述桥式整流器包括交流侧和直流侧，所述交流侧一一对应地连接所述副边绕组，所述直流侧与所述直流电容并联。M bridge rectifiers, the bridge rectifiers include an AC side and a DC side, the AC sides are connected to the secondary windings in one-to-one correspondence, and the DC side is connected in parallel with the DC capacitor.
在一些实施例中，所述充电单元包括充电电源，所述充电电源满足Vce≥ks×(N-M)×Vces－M×Vdc；In some embodiments, the charging unit includes a charging power source, and the charging power source satisfies Vce ≧ks ×(NM)×Vces −M×Vdc ;
式中，Vce为充电电源输出的直流电压的幅值或者输出的交流电压的峰值；ks为不均匀系数，ks≥1，Vdc为所述桥式整流器的直流侧电压，Vces为所述子模块的电源启动电压。In the formula, Vce is the amplitude of the DC voltage output by the charging power supply or the peak value of the output AC voltage; ks is the non-uniformity coefficient, ks ≥ 1, Vdc is the DC side voltage of the bridge rectifier, Vces power startup voltage for the submodule.
在一些实施例中，所述级联模块试验电路还包括：In some embodiments, the cascade module test circuit also includes:
限流单元，所述限流单元包括电阻和/或电感；所述限流单元串联连接于所述桥式整流器的直流侧，或者，所述限流单元串联连接于所述充电单元的输出端；A current limiting unit, the current limiting unit includes a resistor and/or an inductor; the current limiting unit is connected in series to the DC side of the bridge rectifier, or the current limiting unit is connected in series to the output end of the charging unit ;
限流旁路开关，所述限流旁路开关与所述限流单元并联连接。A current-limiting bypass switch, the current-limiting bypass switch is connected in parallel with the current-limiting unit.
相应的，本申请实施例提供的一种上述的级联模块试验电路的试验方法，包括可控充电试验，步骤包括：Correspondingly, the above-mentioned test method of the cascaded module test circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a controllable charging test, and the steps include:
通过所述直流供能单元，为连接所述直流供能单元的所述直流电容充电；charging the DC capacitor connected to the DC power supply unit through the DC power supply unit;
通过所述充电单元为其他所述子模块的所述直流电容充电；charging the DC capacitors of the other sub-modules through the charging unit;
当所述子模块的充电电压高于所述子模块的电源启动电压Vces，充电单元退出运行，闭合所述隔离开关；When the charging voltage of the sub-module is higher than the starting voltage Vces of the power supply of the sub-module, the charging unit stops running and closes the isolating switch;
通过与所述直流供能单元连接的所述子模块输出直流电压；outputting a DC voltage through the sub-module connected to the DC power supply unit;
循环控制其他所述子模块输出零电平，抬升其他所述子模块的直流电容电压，直至所有所述子模块的直流电容电压达到额定值。The other sub-modules are cyclically controlled to output zero level, and the DC capacitor voltages of the other sub-modules are raised until the DC capacitor voltages of all the sub-modules reach a rated value.
在一些实施例中，还包括功率运行试验，步骤包括：In some embodiments, a power running test is also included, and the steps include:
设定流过所述子模块的目标电流，所述目标电流包括交流分量Iac和/或直流分量Idc；Setting a target current flowing through the sub-module, the target current includes an AC component Iac and/or a DC component Idc ;
根据所述直流供能单元中交流电源和隔离变压器的数量和容量，以及所述子模块的损耗，确定参与功率运行试验的所述子模块个数，将剩余所述子模块旁路；According to the quantity and capacity of the AC power supply and the isolation transformer in the DC energy supply unit, and the loss of the sub-modules, determine the number of the sub-modules participating in the power operation test, and bypass the remaining sub-modules;
完成所述可控充电试验；Complete the controlled charging test;
将所述第一换流链中参与试验的所述子模块分成两组换流链；或者，当所述级联模块试验电路中包括第二换流链时，将所述第一换流链和所述第二换流链作为两组换流链；控制所述两组换流链输出的电压差中包含交流分量和/或直流分量，在级联模块试验电路的负载支路的电抗器上产生设定的交流分量Iac和/或直流分量Idc；Divide the sub-modules participating in the test in the first commutation chain into two groups of commutation chains; or, when the second commutation chain is included in the cascaded module test circuit, divide the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain as two sets of commutation chains; control the output voltage difference of the two sets of commutation chains to contain AC components and/or DC components, and the reactor in the load branch of the cascade module test circuit generate a set AC component Iac and/or a DC component Idc ;
检验实际输出电流波形是否与预设电流波形一致；Check whether the actual output current waveform is consistent with the preset current waveform;
重复以上步骤检验剩余的所述子模块，直至所有所述子模块完成功率运行试验。Repeat the above steps to inspect the remaining sub-modules until all the sub-modules complete the power running test.
相应的，本申请实施例所述的一种试验系统，包括：主控装置、第一阀控装置、第二阀控装置以及上述的级联模块试验电路；Correspondingly, a test system described in the embodiment of the present application includes: a main control device, a first valve control device, a second valve control device, and the above-mentioned cascade module test circuit;
所述主控装置与所述第一阀控装置、所述第二阀控装置通信，用以下发控制指令；The main control device communicates with the first valve control device and the second valve control device to issue control instructions;
所述第一阀控装置与所述第一换流链通信；the first valve control device is in communication with the first commutation chain;
所述级联模块试验电路包括第二换流链，所述第二阀控装置和所述第二换流链通信，所述第二阀控装置和所述第二换流链形成被测系统。The cascade module test circuit includes a second commutation chain, the second valve control device communicates with the second commutation chain, and the second valve control device and the second commutation chain form a system under test .
在一些实施例中，所述直流供能单元包括隔离变压器和两个桥式整流器，所述隔离变压器包括两个副边绕组，两个所述副边绕组一一对应地连接两个桥式整流器的交流侧；在所述第一换流链和所述第二换流链中分别选取一个靠接地点最近的子模块，一一对应地连接所述桥式整流器的直流侧。In some embodiments, the DC power supply unit includes an isolation transformer and two bridge rectifiers, the isolation transformer includes two secondary windings, and the two secondary windings are connected to the two bridge rectifiers one by one. select a sub-module closest to the grounding point in the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain, and connect them to the DC side of the bridge rectifier in a one-to-one correspondence.
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本申请实施例的级联模块试验电路包括第一换流链、直流供能单元、隔离开关、充电单元；第一换流链包括级联的N个子模块，N为大于等于1的整数；其中，子模块为直流电容和功率半导体器件连接形成的全桥子模块或者半桥子模块；直流供能单元与至少一个子模块的直流电容并联连接；隔离开关与第一换流链首尾连接形成串联环路；充电单元的输出端与隔离开关并联连接。该级联模块试验电路通过设置隔离开关与第一换流链连接形成串联环路，并采用充电单元结合直流供能单元，利用了两种电源的叠加为所有子模块充电，能够实现批量、全面验证子模块性能，减少测试工作量和测试的时间。Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the cascaded module test circuit of the embodiment of the present application includes a first commutation chain, a DC energy supply unit, an isolation switch, and a charging unit; the first commutation chain includes cascaded N sub-modules , N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein, the sub-module is a full-bridge sub-module or a half-bridge sub-module formed by connecting a DC capacitor and a power semiconductor device; the DC power supply unit is connected in parallel with the DC capacitor of at least one sub-module; the isolation switch It is connected end to end with the first commutation chain to form a series loop; the output end of the charging unit is connected in parallel with the isolating switch. The cascade module test circuit forms a series loop by setting an isolating switch and connecting the first commutation chain, and uses a charging unit combined with a DC energy supply unit, and uses the superposition of two power sources to charge all sub-modules, which can realize batch and comprehensive Verify sub-module performance, reduce test workload and test time.
与现有技术相比，本申请的级联模块试验电路的试验方法，采用充电单元结合直流供能单元，利用了两种电源的叠加为所有子模块充电，使子模块直流电容电压高于电源启动电压，使子模块电源和控制系统启动工作，与直流供能单元连接的少量子模块的输出电压达到额定值，通过循环旁路充电的方式，再将其他子模块直流电压提升到额定电压，完成所有子模块的可控充电。Compared with the prior art, the test method of the cascaded module test circuit of the present application uses a charging unit combined with a DC energy supply unit, and uses the superposition of two power sources to charge all sub-modules, so that the DC capacitor voltage of the sub-modules is higher than that of the power supply The starting voltage enables the sub-module power supply and control system to start working, and the output voltage of a small number of sub-modules connected to the DC power supply unit reaches the rated value, and the DC voltage of other sub-modules is raised to the rated voltage by means of cycle bypass charging. Complete controllable charging of all sub-modules.
进一步的，在一些实施例中，该试验方法在功率运行试验过程中，直流供能单元能够为子模块直流电压稳定提供持续的能量。并且利用了分组的方法，将换流链子模块分成两部分，通过在输出电压中叠加直流分量和交流分量，在两组换流链之间产生直流电流和交流电流，实现了与真实工况全面等效。Further, in some embodiments, during the power running test of the test method, the DC power supply unit can provide continuous energy for the DC voltage of the sub-module stably. And the method of grouping is used to divide the converter chain sub-module into two parts. By superimposing the DC component and the AC component in the output voltage, a DC current and an AC current are generated between the two sets of commutation chains, realizing a comprehensive equivalent.
与现有技术相比，本申请的试验系统，采用了较少的外部结构即可实现子模块的完整的功能验证，成本低、性价比高。Compared with the prior art, the test system of the present application can realize the complete functional verification of the sub-modules by using less external structures, and has low cost and high cost performance.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本申请第一实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded module test circuit provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请第二实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded module test circuit provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请第三实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded module test circuit provided in the third embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请第四实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的结构示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded module test circuit provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请第五实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded module test circuit provided in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的试验方法中可控充电试验的流程图；Fig. 6 is the flowchart of the controllable charging test in the test method of the cascaded module test circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请实施例中提供的级联模块试验电路的试验方法中功率运行试验的流程图。FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the power running test in the test method of the cascaded module test circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated Ground connection; it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features.
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本申请的不同结构。为了简化本申请的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are examples only and are not intended to limit the application.
针对子模块的测试，申请人曾研发了CN112924838A和CN113285621A两种技术，其中，CN112924838A提出批量进行换流阀子模块试验的系统和方法，该方案通过低压电源实现了子模块的批量取能，与单独施加测试电源方案相比提高了效率，能验证子模块的取能、通信以及电压采样是否能够正常工作，但该方案更适用半桥子模块的结构，如果应用于全桥子模块，则需要全桥子模块的部分开关器件不能参与调制，保持常开或常闭模式，工作等效为半桥子模块；并且该方案不能满足功率运行试验，对于现场试验来不够完备。CN113285621A提出了换流阀的现场批量加压和阀段电压、电流试验方法，该方案与CN112924838A的方案相比可进行的试验项目相对完整，但其提供的基于二极管的供能回路仅适用于半桥子模块或者适用于被当作半桥使用的全桥子模块，因为全桥子模块如果采用对称调制时，相邻全桥子模块会通过基于二极管的供能回路形成短路，无法正常工作，对全桥子模块的考核不够充分。For sub-module testing, the applicant has developed two technologies, CN112924838A and CN113285621A. Among them, CN112924838A proposes a system and method for batch testing of converter valve sub-modules. Compared with the solution of applying test power alone, the efficiency is improved, and it can verify whether the energy acquisition, communication and voltage sampling of the sub-module can work normally, but this solution is more suitable for the structure of the half-bridge sub-module. If it is applied to the full-bridge sub-module, it needs Part of the switching devices of the full-bridge sub-module cannot participate in the modulation, and remain in the normally open or normally closed mode, and the work is equivalent to the half-bridge sub-module; and this scheme cannot meet the power operation test, and it is not complete for the field test. CN113285621A proposes on-site batch pressurization and valve section voltage and current test methods for converter valves. Compared with the scheme of CN112924838A, the test items that can be carried out in this scheme are relatively complete, but the energy supply circuit based on diodes provided by it is only suitable for semi- The bridge sub-module or the full-bridge sub-module suitable for use as a half-bridge, because if the full-bridge sub-module adopts symmetrical modulation, the adjacent full-bridge sub-module will form a short circuit through the diode-based energy supply circuit and cannot work normally. The assessment of the full bridge sub-module is not sufficient.
此外，申请人了解到，现有的能够对子模块批量处理的试验电路都是适用半桥子模块的结构，对全桥子模块的考核不够充分。总体来说，现有技术中尚缺乏适用于全桥子模块或混合子模块且能够全面验证换流阀性能的试验电路以及现场试验方法。In addition, the applicant understands that the existing test circuits capable of batch processing of sub-modules are all applicable to the structure of half-bridge sub-modules, and the assessment of full-bridge sub-modules is not sufficient. Generally speaking, there is still a lack of test circuits and field test methods suitable for full-bridge sub-modules or hybrid sub-modules and capable of fully verifying the performance of converter valves in the prior art.
有鉴于此，申请人提出本申请的级联模块试验电路、方法及系统的技术方案。In view of this, the applicant proposes the technical proposal of the cascade module test circuit, method and system of the present application.
如图1所示，本申请第一实施例提供一种级联模块试验电路，包括第一换流链1、隔离开关2、直流供能单元3和充电单元4。As shown in FIG. 1 , the first embodiment of the present application provides a cascaded module test circuit, including a first commutation chain 1 , an isolating switch 2 , a DC
第一换流链1包括级联的N个子模块，N为大于等于1的整数，即第一换流链1包括至少一个子模块。其中，子模块为直流电容和功率半导体器件连接形成的全桥子模块或者半桥子模块。在第一实施例中，第一换流链1包括相互级联的多个全桥子模块，全桥子模块由直流电容和四组功率半导体器件构成。The first commutation chain 1 includes cascaded N submodules, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, that is, the first commutation chain 1 includes at least one submodule. Wherein, the sub-module is a full-bridge sub-module or a half-bridge sub-module formed by connecting a DC capacitor and a power semiconductor device. In the first embodiment, the first commutation chain 1 includes a plurality of full-bridge sub-modules cascaded with each other, and the full-bridge sub-module is composed of a DC capacitor and four sets of power semiconductor devices.
隔离开关2与第一换流链1的首尾连接形成串联环路，充电单元4的输出端与隔离开关2并联连接。The head-to-tail connection of the isolating switch 2 and the first commutation chain 1 forms a series loop, and the output end of the charging unit 4 is connected in parallel with the isolating switch 2 .
直流供能单元3的输出侧与至少一个子模块的直流电容并联连接，在第一s实施例中，直流供能单元3与一个全桥子模块的直流电容连接。The output side of the DC
在一些实施例中，该级联模块试验电路还包括负载支路，该负载支路包括电抗器，负载支路以串联连接第一换流链和隔离开关的形式接入串联环路。In some embodiments, the cascaded module test circuit further includes a load branch, the load branch includes a reactor, and the load branch is connected to the series loop in the form of connecting the first converter chain and the isolation switch in series.
进一步的，负载支路还包括第二换流链，第二换流链和电抗器串联连接，第二换流链包括级联的N’个所述子模块，N’为大于等于1的整数。可以理解的是，第二换流链中的子模块与第一换流链中的子模块均是直流电容和功率半导体器件连接形成的全桥子模块或者半桥子模块。第二换流链的子模块数量与第一换流链1的子模块数量可以相同(N＝N’)，也可以不同(N≠N’)。Further, the load branch further includes a second commutation chain, the second commutation chain and the reactor are connected in series, and the second commutation chain includes N' cascaded sub-modules, where N' is an integer greater than or equal to 1 . It can be understood that the sub-modules in the second commutation chain and the sub-modules in the first commutation chain are both full-bridge sub-modules or half-bridge sub-modules formed by connecting DC capacitors and power semiconductor devices. The number of submodules of the second commutation chain and the number of submodules of the first commutation chain 1 may be the same (N=N') or different (N≠N').
在一些实施例中，直流供能单元3包括交流电源、隔离变压器和桥式整流器，交流电源连接隔离变压器原边绕组，隔离变压器包括M个副边绕组，M为大于等于1的整数，相应的桥式整流器也为M个。也就是说隔离变压器具有至少一个副边绕组，桥式整流器也为至少一个，副边绕组连接桥式整流器，桥式整流器将交流变换为直流，直流侧作为直流供能单元3的输出侧，与子模块的直流电容并联连接。桥式整流器可以由二极管构成不可控桥式整流器，或由全控型功率半导体器件IGBT构成的可控桥式整流器。在第一实施例中，隔离变压器包括一个副边绕组，相应的，桥式整流器的数量也为一个，桥式整流器的交流侧连接副边绕组，直流侧连接一个全桥子模块的直流电容。In some embodiments, the DC
在一些实施例中，充电单元4包含充电电源和分断开关，可以通过分开分断开关的方式退出运行。作为优选，充电单元4设置在接地点处。In some embodiments, the charging unit 4 includes a charging power source and a disconnect switch, which can be decommissioned by disconnecting the disconnect switch. Preferably, the charging unit 4 is arranged at a grounding point.
在一些实施例中，充电电源满足Vce≥ks×(N-M)×Vces－M×Vdc；In some embodiments, the charging power supply satisfies Vce ≥ ks ×(NM)×Vces −M×Vdc ;
式中，Vce为充电电源输出的直流电压的幅值或者输出的交流电压的峰值，当充电电源为直流电源时，输出为直流电压，Vce即为直流电压的幅值，当充电电源为交流电源时，输出为交流电压，Vce即为交流电压的峰值；ks为不均匀系数，表征各个子模块之间的差异，ks≥1，Vdc为桥式整流器的直流侧电压，Vces为子模块的电源启动电压。In the formula, Vce is the amplitude of the DC voltage output by the charging power supply or the peak value of the output AC voltage. When the charging power supply is a DC power supply, the output is a DC voltage, and Vce is the amplitude of the DC voltage. When the charging power supply is When the AC power supply is used, the output is AC voltage, Vce is the peak value of the AC voltage; ks is the non-uniformity coefficient, representing the difference between each sub-module, ks ≥ 1, Vdc is the DC side voltage of the bridge rectifier, Vces is the power starting voltage of the sub-module.
在一些实施例中，该级联模块试验电路还包括限流单元和限流旁路开关，限流单元包括电阻和/或电感，限流单元串联连接于桥式整流器的直流侧，或者，限流单元串联连接于充电单元的输出端，限流旁路开关则与限流单元并联连接。In some embodiments, the cascade module test circuit further includes a current limiting unit and a current limiting bypass switch, the current limiting unit includes a resistor and/or an inductor, and the current limiting unit is connected in series to the DC side of the bridge rectifier, or, the current limiting unit The current unit is connected in series to the output end of the charging unit, and the current limiting bypass switch is connected in parallel with the current limiting unit.
请再次参阅图1所示，在第一实施例中，子模块为全桥子模块，可完成换流链子模块的功能试验，通过直流供能单元3，为与直流供能单元3连接的子模块的直流电容充电；启动充电单元4中的充电电源，为其他子模块的直流电容充电；当子模块的充电电压高于子模块的电源启动电压Vces时，所有子模块的控制单元运行启动，可进行全桥子模块的功能试验：包含采样测试、通信测试、器件开通关断测试等。Please refer to Fig. 1 again. In the first embodiment, the sub-module is a full-bridge sub-module, which can complete the functional test of the sub-module of the commutation chain. The DC capacitor charging of the module; the charging power supply in the charging unit 4 is started to charge the DC capacitors of other sub-modules; when the charging voltage of the sub-module is higher than the power starting voltage Vces of the sub-module, the control units of all sub-modules are started , can carry out the functional test of the full-bridge sub-module: including sampling test, communication test, device turn-on and turn-off test, etc.
请参阅图2所示，在本申请第二实施例，负载支路为电抗器5，该电抗器以串联连接第一换流链和第二换流链的形式接入串联环路。在第二实施例中，子模块均为全桥子模块，该级联模块试验电路可应用于静止无功发生器阀段的功率运行试验，左侧的换流链可以等效为第一换流链和第二换流链的串联，输出的电压差在电抗器5产生无功电流，可通过控制流过电抗器的电流完成功率运行试验。Please refer to FIG. 2 , in the second embodiment of the present application, the load branch is a
举例说明，在本实施例中，N＝12，M＝1，Vces＝400V，Vdc＝2200V，ks＝1.05。For example, in this embodiment, N=12, M=1, Vces =400V, Vdc =2200V, ks =1.05.
根据上式计算，According to the above calculation,
充电单元中的充电电源输出电压满足：The output voltage of the charging power supply in the charging unit satisfies:
Vce≥1.05×(12-1)×400－1×2200Vce ≥1.05×(12-1)×400－1×2200
Vce≥2420V，充电单元中的充电电源输出电压不低于2420V即可。Vce ≥ 2420V, the output voltage of the charging power supply in the charging unit is not lower than 2420V.
其中，桥式整流器直流电压大于等于额定运行电压。Wherein, the DC voltage of the bridge rectifier is greater than or equal to the rated operating voltage.
如图3所示，在本申请第三实施例中，子模块为半桥子模块，由直流电容和两个功率半导体器件构成，负载支路包含第二换流链，第二换流链与电抗器串联连接。该级联模块试验电路可应用于柔性直流输电换流器阀段的功率运行试验，由于增加了第二换流链，可实现第一换流链与第二换流链之间的功率对推。直流供能单元中隔离变压器的副边绕组数为2，第一换流链和第二换流链中各选取一个子模块，连接直流供能单元中桥式整流器的直流侧，作为优选，可优先选取靠近接地点的子模块。第一换流链和第二换流链的半桥子模块的负极布置方向应指向接地点。As shown in Figure 3, in the third embodiment of the present application, the sub-module is a half-bridge sub-module, which is composed of a DC capacitor and two power semiconductor devices, and the load branch includes a second commutation chain, and the second commutation chain and The reactors are connected in series. The cascade module test circuit can be applied to the power operation test of the valve section of the flexible direct current transmission converter. Due to the addition of the second commutation chain, the power push between the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain can be realized. . The number of secondary windings of the isolation transformer in the DC power supply unit is 2, and one sub-module is selected from each of the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain to connect to the DC side of the bridge rectifier in the DC power supply unit. Preference is given to selecting submodules close to the grounding point. The arrangement direction of the negative poles of the half-bridge sub-modules of the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain should point to the grounding point.
此外，当存在两个换流链时，例如在第三实施例中，第一换流链和第二换流链可布置在电抗器的两侧。或者，如图4所示，在本申请第四实施例中，第一换流链和第二换流链设置于电抗器的同侧。Furthermore, when there are two commutation chains, such as in the third embodiment, the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain may be arranged on both sides of the reactor. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4 , in the fourth embodiment of the present application, the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain are arranged on the same side of the reactor.
如图5所示，在本申请第五实施例中，换流链子模块为全桥子模块，其中负载支路为电抗器与第二换流链的串联连接，该级联模块试验电路可应用于柔性低频输电换流器阀段的功率运行试验，其中第一换流链和第二换流链可输出不同频率的交流电压，或者输出不同频率叠加的交流电压，产生相应频率的交流电流。As shown in Figure 5, in the fifth embodiment of the present application, the converter chain sub-module is a full-bridge sub-module, wherein the load branch is a series connection of a reactor and the second converter chain, and the cascaded module test circuit can be applied For the power operation test of the valve section of the flexible low-frequency power transmission converter, the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain can output AC voltages of different frequencies, or output AC voltages superimposed at different frequencies to generate AC currents of corresponding frequencies.
请参阅图6，本申请实施例还公开了级联模块试验电路的试验方法，该方法包括可控充电试验，步骤包括：Please refer to Figure 6. The embodiment of the present application also discloses a test method for a cascaded module test circuit. The method includes a controllable charging test. The steps include:
S1：通过直流供能单元，为与直流供能单元连接的子模块直流电容充电；S1: Charge the DC capacitor of the sub-module connected to the DC power supply unit through the DC power supply unit;
S2：启动充电单元中的充电电源，独立或联合直流供能单元连接的子模块为其他子模块直流电容充电；S2: Start the charging power supply in the charging unit, and the sub-modules connected independently or jointly with the DC power supply unit charge the DC capacitors of other sub-modules;
S3：当子模块充电电压高于子模块电源启动电压Vces，充电电源退出运行，闭合隔离开关；S3: When the charging voltage of the sub-module is higher than the start-up voltage Vces of the sub-module power supply, the charging power supply is out of operation, and the isolation switch is closed;
S4：连接直流供能单元的子模块输出直流电压；S4: The sub-module connected to the DC power supply unit outputs DC voltage;
S5：循环控制其他子模块输出零电平，抬升其他子模块的直流电容电压，直至所有子模块的直流电容电压达到额定值。S5: cyclically control other sub-modules to output zero level, and raise the DC capacitor voltages of other sub-modules until the DC capacitor voltages of all sub-modules reach the rated value.
进一步的，如图7所示，该级联模块试验电路的试验方法还包括功率运行试验，步骤包括：Further, as shown in Figure 7, the test method of the cascaded module test circuit also includes a power operation test, and the steps include:
设定流过子模的目标电流，目标电流包括交流分量Iac和/或直流分量Idc；Setting the target current flowing through the sub-module, the target current includes an AC component Iac and/or a DC component Idc;
根据交流电源和隔离变压器的数量和容量、以及子模的损耗，确定参与功率运行试验的子模个数，将剩余子模旁路；According to the number and capacity of the AC power supply and isolation transformer, and the loss of the sub-modules, determine the number of sub-modules participating in the power operation test, and bypass the remaining sub-modules;
完成可控充电试验；Complete the controlled charging test;
将第一换流链中参与试验的子模分成两组换流链，或将第一换流链和第二换流链做为两组换流链，控制两组换流链输出的电压差中包含交流分量和/或直流分量，在电抗器上产生设定的交流分量Iac和/或直流分量Idc；Divide the sub-modules participating in the test in the first commutation chain into two groups of commutation chains, or use the first commutation chain and the second commutation chain as two groups of commutation chains, and control the output voltage difference of the two groups of commutation chains contains AC component and/or DC component, and generates a set AC component Iac and/or DC component Idc on the reactor;
检验实际输出电流波形是否与预设电流波形一致；重复以上步骤检验剩余的子模，直至所有子模完成功率运行试验。Check whether the actual output current waveform is consistent with the preset current waveform; repeat the above steps to check the remaining sub-modules until all sub-modules complete the power operation test.
相应的，本申请实施例还提供一种试验系统，包括：主控装置、第一阀控装置、第二阀控装置以及上述的级联模块试验电路；Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application also provides a test system, including: a main control device, a first valve control device, a second valve control device, and the above-mentioned cascade module test circuit;
其中，主控装置与第一阀控装置、第二阀控装置通信，用以下发控制指令；Wherein, the main control device communicates with the first valve control device and the second valve control device to issue control instructions;
第一阀控装置与第一换流链通信；the first valve control device is in communication with the first commutation chain;
级联模块试验电路包括第二换流链，第二阀控装置和第二换流链通信，第二阀控装置和第二换流链形成被测系统。The cascade module test circuit includes a second commutation chain, the second valve control device communicates with the second commutation chain, and the second valve control device and the second commutation chain form a system under test.
进一步的，直流供能单元包括隔离变压器和两个桥式整流器，隔离变压器包括两个副边绕组，两个副边绕组一一对应地连接两个桥式整流器的交流侧；在第一换流链和第二换流链中分别选取一个靠接地点最近的子模块，一一对应地连接桥式整流器的直流侧。Further, the DC energy supply unit includes an isolation transformer and two bridge rectifiers, the isolation transformer includes two secondary windings, and the two secondary windings are connected to the AC sides of the two bridge rectifiers one by one; One sub-module closest to the grounding point is selected in the second commutation chain and the second commutation chain, and connected to the DC side of the bridge rectifier in a one-to-one correspondence.
该级联模块试验电路及其试验方法，采用充电单元结合直流供能单元，利用了两种电源的叠加为所有子模块充电，使子模块直流电容电压高于电源启动电压，使子模块电源和控制系统启动工作，与直流供能单元连接的少量子模块的输出电压达到额定值，通过循环旁路充电的方式，再将其他子模块直流电压提升到额定电压，完成所有子模块的可控充电；在功率运行试验过程中，直流供能单元能够为子模块直流电压稳定提供持续的能量。该技术方案中的充电单元和直流供能单元本身输出电压低，且靠近接地点布置，运行过程中无需承担高电压，试验风险更低。The cascade module test circuit and its test method adopt a charging unit combined with a DC power supply unit, and use the superposition of two power sources to charge all sub-modules, so that the DC capacitor voltage of the sub-modules is higher than the starting voltage of the power supply, so that the sub-module power and The control system starts to work, the output voltage of a small number of sub-modules connected to the DC energy supply unit reaches the rated value, and the DC voltage of other sub-modules is raised to the rated voltage through the way of cycle bypass charging to complete the controllable charging of all sub-modules ; During the power running test, the DC energy supply unit can provide continuous energy for the DC voltage of the sub-module stably. The charging unit and DC power supply unit in this technical solution have low output voltage and are arranged close to the grounding point, so there is no need to bear high voltage during operation, and the test risk is lower.
进一步的，在一些实施例中，试验方法中利用了分组的方法，将换流链子模块分成两部分，通过在输出电压中叠加直流分量和交流分量，在两组换流链之间产生直流电流和交流电流，实现了与真实工况全面等效。Further, in some embodiments, the method of grouping is used in the test method, and the sub-modules of the commutation chain are divided into two parts. By superimposing the DC component and the AC component in the output voltage, a DC current is generated between the two groups of commutation chains. and AC current, fully equivalent to the real working conditions.
该试验系统，采用了较少的外部结构即可实现子模块的完整的功能验证，成本低、性价比高。The test system can realize the complete functional verification of the sub-modules by using less external structures, and has low cost and high cost performance.
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种级联模块试验电路、方法及系统进行了详细介绍，其中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的技术方案及其核心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的范围。A kind of cascade module test circuit, method and system provided by the embodiment of the present application have been introduced in detail above, wherein the principle and implementation of the present application have been explained by using specific examples, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help Understand the technical solution of the present application and its core idea; those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or The replacement does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
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